10/17 DO NOW ~ Take out Paper 1 & Review Correct ResponsesStudents MAKE CORRECTIONSYour next exam will be a Paper I not a Paper II

Question 1AAccording to Source A which are

Clemenceau’s points of view about justice towards the Germans?◦Can not be unreasonable towards

Germans in fear of provoking the rise of nationalism

◦Save the world from German aggression

◦Justice must be served by the Germans

Question 1BWhat message is conveyed by

Source E◦The Big Three have punished the

Germans so much that the Treaty of Versailles will continue to effect the Germans for years to come

Question 2Compare and contrast the views expressed

about the Paris Peace Conference in sources C and D◦ Similarities

Both source C & D blame the leaders of the Paris Peace Conference of just worrying about their capitalist interests

Treaties were forced on the people and not just Treaties created at Paris Peace Conference were a failure

◦ Differences Source D does agree to certain restrictions against

Germany as long as Germany could recover economically Communist viewpoint did not support the idea of self –

government or self – determination

Question 3 With reference to their origin and

purpose, assess the value of limitations for historians studying the Paris Peace Conference of Source B & D◦Source B

Origin – Hitler, Mein Kampf 1925 Purpose – Show resentment of Germany being

forced to sign Treaty of Versailles Value – Hitler would go onto to be the leader of

Germany in WWII and would use the Paris Peace Conference as a way to persuade the people to believe in his views

Limitations – Does not show other leaders goals, beliefs, aims, etc. at the Paris Peace Conf.

Question 3With reference to their origin and purpose,

assess the value of limitations for historians studying the Paris Peace Conference of Source B & D◦ Source D

Origin – British delegate H. Nicolson at the Paris Peace Conference…book written ‘Peacemaking 1919’

Purpose – To report about the successes and failures at the Paris Peace Conference

Value – H. Nicolson is a primary source because he attended the Paris Peace Conference and discusses the aims and goals when they arrived in Paris

Limitation – Does not address the goals of other leaders especially the French who wanted to severely punish Germany

Question 4“The Paris Peace Conference was guilty

of disguising an imperialist peace under the surface of Wilsonism.” To what extend do you agree with Nicolson’s point of view.◦Agree

Wilson & his 14 Points League of Nations Germans were held responsible for WWI

(reparations, disarmament, etc.) Mandate System Britain wanted to protect its colonial empire Open Door Policy

10/16 DO NOW ~ Answer the following

questions in your notebook◦Why were the Washington Naval

Agreements successful? What did they accomplish (4 Power, 5 Power, & 9 Power)?

◦Describe two other attempts at disarmament and how they were unsuccessful?

The German Problem Historian A. J. P. Taylor stated the

treaties following WWI failed to solve the ‘German Problem’◦Kaiser had fled◦Weimar Republic on the verge of revolution

Germany recovery was inevitable = particular concern for France

German people felt wronged by Treaty of Versailles and little support for democratic gov’t existed Return to Weltpolitik ~ ‘world policy’ as German

dominance

Why was Germany still strong?Weak successor states France in declineBritain concerned with overseas

empireUSA policy of isolationism

Problem how to contain German nationalism

Treaty of Rapallo 1922 Treaty of Versailles made Germany

& Russia an outcast from EuropeRussia & Germany form alliance for

mutual benefit◦Included clauses for military co-

operation & as well as building weapons Germany hoped to go around the

military restrictionsLong Civil War = no longer wanted

to spread communism worldwide

The Anglo-American GuaranteeSecurity was very important to France, was

very afraid of another attack from Germany once Germany regained its strength

France wanted the Rhineland area of Germany to be an independent state to protect itself. This state could either be neutral or under French influence. Wilson and George did not agree with this however they new that France would not give up unless it got a firm guarantee of military support from the United States and Britain.

The Anglo-French agreement was signed on the 28 of June 1919

The Anglo-American GuaranteeWilson campaigned vigorously in the United

States between 1919 and 1920 to win support for the ratification of the Treaty of Versailles and for the United States to join the League of Nations 

However the Anglo-American Guarantee was not accepted by the US Senate and so never took place

When the United States did not accept the Guarantee, Britain withdrew from the agreement as well

France no longer had a guaranteed military support from the United States and Britain

Ruhr Crisis

The Ruhr Crisis

France was afraid for its security after the Anglo-American Guarantee was denied and disagreed with Britain about how to deal with Germany. Britain wanted Germany to be able to rebuild its economy so that it could benefit from the trade.

France's goal was to weaken the German economy has much as possible through reparations

France also needed these reparations to pay its debts to the USA

When Germany missed a delivery of timber as part of her reparations, France and Belgium invaded the Ruhr region

Britain was strongly against this

The Ruhr CrisisThe goal of France was to collect the missed

payment from the Germans by taking the goods from the mines and factories and shipping them to France

The German workers did not co-operate with the French, instead they protested by destroying the goods, the mines and the factories

The event broke out into a violent conflict and resulted in inflation

The Weimar Government which already had a serious inflation problem made things worse by printing more money to help support the workers which resulted in disastrous inflation

Ruhr Crisis ResultsGerman Gains

German Effects

French Effects

French Losses

Increased German nationalism

Resulted in violence

France could not uphold Treaty of Versailles

French prime minster Raymond Poincare would election in 1924 (leader of Ruhr invasion)

Passive resistance would not be enough to break Treaty of Versailles

- Workers evicted from Ruhr

Occupation of Ruhr hurts France’s economy

In order to get reparations France would have to co-operate w/ Germany

Won sympathy from other nations (Britain)

- 1000s jailed = need to maintain families

No support from Britain

-Compensate for lack of industry-Continue paying allies

France sets up agreements with Little Entente & L. of N.

Dawes Plan 1924 Ruhr invasion showed the fact

that issue of reparations needed to be reviewed

Drawn up by US banker Charles Dawes

Plan involved the issue of reparations and removal of French troops from the Ruhr

Placed German rail & industry under international control to ensure reparation payments

Dawes Plan

Dawes Plan Implications Shown that even though the USA had not

signed the Treaty of Versailles or joined the League of Nations the country could not remain totally isolated

Flow of money into Germany created illusion of prosperity but economic recovery depended on US $

If US stopped paying loans to Germany they would be unable to pay reparations

French saw the Dawes Plan as a greater way for Germany to recover◦ French tried to establish security through Geneva

Protocol