Solar Turbines IncorporatedP.O. Box 85376San Diego, CA 92186-5376 U.S.A.

SP130PG

TITAN 130 GAS TURBINE

GEN

ERA

TOR

SET

FOR MORE INFORMATIONTelephone: (+1) 619-544-5352Telefax: (+1) 619-544-2633Internet: www.solarturbines.com

Industrial/Utility Grade

Introduction

i

Solar Turbines Incorporated is the worldwide leader inthe design, manufacture and installation of indus-trial gas turbines. Solar's 40 years of successfulintegration of high technology into power generation(PG), cogeneration, and mechanical applications hasresulted in more than 10,900 gas turbine installationsin 90 countries around the world.

The Titan 130 PG gas turbine generator setrepresents years of intensive development by theengineering and manufacturing groups of SolarTurbines. The 13.5-MWe class Titan 130 gas turbinegenerator set is designed and applied by engineersspecifically trained and experienced in the operationof gas turbines, power generation systems, and equip-ment installation. The gas turbines are manufacturedto rigid industrial standards and are thoroughly testedin modern facilities. Solar's operations are currentlycertified by Det Norske Veritas (DNV) to conform withthe ISO 9000 Series of Quality Systems Standards.

The Titan 130 IPG gas turbine generator set, withits selection of available voltages and control systemarrangements, is a complete packaged system thatrequires minimal site preparation prior to installation.

The heart of the power generation system, the Titan130 gas turbine, offers many durable features to

ensure long life and extremely reliable operation. Thegas turbine generator set delivers efficient and de-pendable performance using a variety of fuels rangingfrom natural gas to light distillates. High thermalefficiencies are attainable especially in cogenerationapplications.

Solar's package systems are reviewed by special-ists in equipment installation to help assure theoptimum configuration of Solar's Titan 130 gas turbinegenerator system. Qualified technical representa-tives from Solars Customer Services organizationare available around the world to provide start-upsupervision, maintenance planning and services, andoperator training.

We invite you to read further into this booklet to gaina greater appreciation of the features and benefits ofthe Titan 130 gas turbine generator set and Solarscommitment to single-source responsibility for highquality turbomachinery systems.

This product description presents the basic pack-age configuration, available options, ancillary equip-ment, installation requirements, and support servicesas of the publication date. Solar reserves the right tomake changes in the equipment and service descrip-tions and specifications herein, without prior notice.

ii

Contents

Titan 130 PG Gas Turbine Generator SetBASIC PACKAGE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

Titan 130 Gas TurbineBASIC GAS TURBINE. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3REDUCTION GEAR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

Generator and Associated EquipmentGENERATOR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7VOLTAGE REGULATOR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9EXCITATION SYSTEM. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

Control SystemsTURBOTRONIC CONTROLS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10CONTROL OPERATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10CONTROLS AND INSTRUMENTATION. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11CONTROL SYSTEM COMPONENTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12CONTROL SYSTEM OPTIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14CONTROL SYSTEM ACCESSORIES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

Start SystemDIRECT-DRIVE AC START SYSTEM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

Fuel SystemsNATURAL GAS FUEL SYSTEM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20LIQUID FUEL SYSTEM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21ALTERNATE FUELS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23SOLONOx COMBUSTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23

Lubrication SystemBASIC LUBRICATION SYSTEM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24

Ancillary EquipmentENCLOSURE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26AIR INLET SYSTEM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28GAS TURBINE EXHAUST SYSTEM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29EXHAUST HEAT RECOVERY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29ADDITIONAL PRODUCT OPTIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29

Installation RequirementsMECHANICAL INSTALLATION REQUIREMENTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32ELECTRICAL INSTALLATION REQUIREMENTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUALS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34DRAWINGS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34SWITCHGEAR INTERFACE. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36

Contents, Contd

iii

Testing and Quality AssuranceTEST FACILITIES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38TESTING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38PERFORMANCE REVIEW . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39QUALITY ASSURANCE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39PRODUCT IMPROVEMENT PROGRAM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39

Support ServicesCONSTRUCTION SERVICES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40CUSTOMER SERVICES. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40CONTRACT POWER AND LEASING SERVICES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40

Conversion Chart

iv

Illustrations

Typical Titan 130 PG Generator Set . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1Typical Single-Shaft Gas Turbine and Load . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3Typical Single-Shaft Gas Turbine Cutaway . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4Typical Star Compound Epicyclic Gearbox . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6Typical Open Drip-Proof Generator with Permanent Magnet Exciter System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8Typical Generator, Exciter, and Regulator System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9Typical Control Junction Boxes and Digital Control Panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10Typical Onskid Digital Control Panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13Typical Remote Video Display Terminal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14Typical Control and Post Lube Battery Console . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16Typical Direct-Drive AC Start System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19Typical Variable Frequency Drive Cabinet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19Typical Simplified Natural Gas Fuel System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20Typical Simplified Liquid Fuel System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22Typical Simplified Lube Oil System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25Typical Self-Contained, All-Steel Enclosure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26Typical Gas Turbine Generator Set Enclosure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27Typical Mobile Turbine Cleaning Tank . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30Typical External Foundation Plan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31Typical Service Connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32Typical Interconnecting Wire Runs for Package Control and Auxiliary Loads . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34Typical Electrical Connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35Typical AC Control and Instrumentation Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37Solars Customer Services Facilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41

1Titan 130 PG Gas Turbine Generator Set

BASIC PACKAGEThe basic generator set is a completely integrated,fully operational package consisting of a power mod-ule, gearbox, generator module, and all accessoriesand auxiliary systems necessary for normal operationwhen installed in suitable facilities.

Designed specifically for industrial service, thegenerator set is a compact, lightweight unit requiringminimum floor space for installation. Proven packag-ing features greatly reduce installation costs, time,materials, and labor.

The Titan 130 power generation (PG) generator setincludes:

Titan 130 single-shaft industrial gas turbine Epicyclic main reduction drive gearbox Base frame with drip pans for both the

gas turbine and generator modules On-frame electrical wiring Generator and associated equipment On-frame control system panel

Direct-drive ac motor start system Fuel system Lubricating oil system Gas turbine air inlet collector and

exhaust diffuserThe base frames are structural steel assemblies

with beam sections and cross members welded to-gether to form a rigid foundation. Drip pans areincluded for collection of any potential liquid leakage.Mechanical interface connection points for fuel, air,and water are conveniently located on the outer frameedge. Electrical connection points are made in on-frame junction boxes.

Package piping and manifolds are 316L stainlesssteel material for all systems, which includes the fuel,and lube oil systems, as well as supply, drain, andvent lines up to and including four inches (nominal) indiameter. In addition, the associated flange assemblyhardware is 316 stainless steel. Piping sizes greaterthan four inches (nominal) in diameter may be carbonsteel.

Typical Titan 130 PG Generator Set

SP130PG-001CS

2All tubing connections use dual ferrule compres-sion fittings (Swagelok brand). Tubing is heavy walled316L stainless steel , with zinc-plated carbon steel or316L stainless steel fittings included.

All three-phase motors on the package have thesame voltage rating. The required motor starters andcontactors are not provided unless the motor controlcenter (MCC) is included in Solar's workscope. Thefollowing motor voltage ratings are standard options:

460 Vac, 60 Hz 575 Vac, 60 Hz

380 Vac, 50 Hz 415 Vac, 50 HzIn addition to standard equipment supplied with the

generator set, a wide choice of optional equipment isreadily available to meet varying installation andoperating requirements.

The PG generator set is designed for installationin a nonhazardous area per the U.S. National FireProtection Association (NFPA) 37. CanadianStandards Association (CSA) compliance is availableas an option.

APPROXIMATE WEIGHTS kg lb

Gas Turbine* 16 521 36,423Driver Frame and Accessories 12 474 27,500

Driven Frame and Accessories 11 204 24,700

Generator 27 216 to 36 288 60,000 to 80,000Total Installed Dry Package 67 415 to 76 487 148,623 to 168,623(without enclosures)Driver Enclosure 8618 19,000

Driven Enclosure 5670 12,500

Total Installed Dry Package 81 703 to 90 775 180,123 to 200,123(with enclosures)

* with air inlet duct, exhaust diffuser, reduction gearbox, and ac starter motor assembly

OVERALL DIMENSIONS

Length: 14 630 mm (48' 0")Width: 3186 mm (10' 5-7/16")Height: Unenclosed 3086 mm (10' 1-1/2) to top of generator terminal connection box

Enclosed 4013 mm (13' 2) to top of turbine air inlet

Taurus 130 Gas Turbine Package Weights and Dimensions

3Titan 130 Gas Turbine

BASIC GAS TURBINEThe Titan 130 gas turbine is a self-contained, com-pletely integrated prime mover of a single-shaft,axial-flow design. The exceptionally compact gasturbine has three basic sections: compressor, com-bustor, and turbine.

The gas turbine assembly consists of: Air inlet collector with flexible

flange connection 14-stage axial-flow compressor with

variable inlet guide vanes and firstfive rows of stators

Annular combustor with fuel injectors 3-stage turbine Exhaust diffuserThe Titan 130 gas turbine design embraces the

fundamental engineering principles of long life and lowmaintenance. The Titan 130 gas turbine reflects adesign philosophy that combines the outstandingperformance traits of the gas turbine with the ruggedconstruction best suited for industrial use.

One of the key design parameters of the Titan 130gas turbine is to operate at stress levels that providemaximum assurance of long life for the major rotatingand stationary components. Another prime designobjective is dependability. While many factors con-tribute to the dependability of the basic gas turbine,the selection of simplified controls and gas turbineaccessories is a major factor.

The design concept of the Titan 130 gas turbine isunique. With few exceptions, contemporary machineshave been designed according to one of two philoso-phies: they are designed to aircraft standards withhighly sophisticated construction for lightweight, butrelatively short life; or they are designed with theruggedness of industrial steam turbines to ensure along service life.

In keeping with Solar's philosophy to provide highperformance with long-term durability, the design andconstruction of the Titan 130 gas turbine lies betweenthe two philosophies and combines the advantages ofa lightweight structure with the design principlesnecessary for long life.

Principles of OperationThe continuous power cycle and rotary motion of thesingle-shaft gas turbine provides several advantages

over other types of engines. These advantages in-clude low weight, relatively vibration-free operation,fewer moving parts and fewer wear points, and higherquality ac power.

Air is drawn into the air inlet of the gas turbine andis compressed by the multi-stage axial-flowcompressor. The compressed air is directed into thecombustion chamber at a steady flow. Fuel is injectedinto the pressurized air within the annular combustionchamber. During the gas turbine start cycle, this fuel/air mixture is ignited and continuous burning is main-tained as long as there is adequate flow of pressurizedair and fuel. The hot, pressurized gas from the com-bustion chamber expands through and drives theturbine section of the engine, dropping in pressure andtemperature as it exits the turbine. Thus, the energyof the fuel is transformed into the kinetic rotationalpower of the turbine output shaft.

The turbine shaft is mechanically attached to boththe compressor and turbine sections of the gas turbineto form a solid or single shaft configuration. Thisfeature enhances speed stability and responseunder constant and varying load conditions a highlydesirable feature in power generation applicationsrequiring precise frequency control.

For stoichiometric combustion, the gas turbinerequires approximately one-fourth of the total air itcompresses. The excess air is used to cool thecombustion chamber and mixes with the combustionproducts to reduce the gas temperature at the inlet tothe first turbine stage. The cooling air also keepssurface metal temperatures in the combustionchamber and turbine sections at required designlevels to ensure long component lives.

Typical Single-Shaft Gas Turbine and Load

COMPRESSOR TURBINE

PA98046M

GEARBOX AIR FUEL COMBUSTOR

EXHAUST

GENERATOR

SHAFT

4SoLoNOx Gas TurbineThe SoLoNOx gas turbine is a self-contained, com-pletely integrated prime mover that utilizes a single-shaft, axial-flow, dry emissions controlled design. Thecombustion system is an annular type with lean-

Typical Single-Shaft Gas Turbine Cutaway

premixed fuel injectors. This system reduces pollu-tion by limiting the formation of nitrogen oxides (NOx)and carbon monoxide (CO). Lean-premixed combus-tion results in a lower maximum flame temperature,which reduces total pollutant formation.

SP130PG-002MS

MAINREDUCTIONGEAR

COMPRESSORROTOR

COMPRESSORCASE

BLEEDAIR VALVE

FUELINJECTOR

NOZZLE CASEAND NOZZLES

OUTPUTDRIVE SHAFT

TURBINEROTORS

COMBUSTORHOUSING

FUELMANIFOLD(SoLoNOx)COMPRESSORVARIABLE VANES

AIR INLET

COMPRESSORDIFFUSER

TURBINE EXHAUSTDIFFUSER ANDBELLOWS

ACCESSORY

DRIVE

5Titan 130 Gas Turbine Specifications

Compressor

Type ............................................................................................................................................................................................... AxialNumber of Stages .............................................................................................................................................................................. 14Compression Ratio ......................................................................................................................................................................... 16:1Flow (Nominal) ........................................................................................................................................... 49.9 kg/sec (110.1 lb/sec)Speed ................................................................................................................................... 11,197 rpm (50 Hz); 11,170 rpm (60 Hz)

Combustion Chamber

Type .............................................................................................................. Annular: Conventional or Lean-Premixed (SoLoNOx)Ignition .......................................................................................................................................................................................... TorchNumber of Fuel Injectors .................................................................................. Conventional - 21; Lean-Premixed (SoLoNOx) - 14

Turbine

Type ............................................................................................................................................................................................... AxialNumber of Stages ................................................................................................................................................................................ 3Speed ................................................................................................................................... 11,197 rpm (50 Hz); 11,170 rpm (60 Hz)

Bearings

Radial ................................................................................................................................................. 3 Tilt Pad with Proximity ProbesThrust ......................................................................................................................................................... 1 Tilt Pad with RTD Probes

Materials of Construction

Air Intake Housing ............................................................................................................................................................... Ductile IronCompressor Case ....................................................................................................................................... 316L/410 Stainless SteelCompressor Blades, Zero Stage ................................................................................................................... 17-4 PH Stainless SteelCompressor Blades, First through Thirteen Stage) .......................................................................... IN 718 High Temperature AlloyCompressor Stators (Variable) ...................................................................................................................... 17-4 PH Stainless SteelCompressor Stators (Fixed) .......................................................................................................................... 17-4 PH Stainless SteelCombustor Liner ........................................................................................................... Hastelloy X/Haynes 214/Haynes 230 AlloysCombustor Case .................................................................................................................................................... 410 Stainless SteelTurbine Nozzle Support Case, First and Second Stage ..................................................... Inconel 903 Low Expansion Nickel AlloyTurbine Nozzle Support Case, Third Stage .......................................................................................................... 422 Stainless SteelTurbine Nozzles, First and Second Stage .................................................................................. CM-247LC Nickel-Base SuperalloyTurbine Nozzle, Third Stage .................................................................................................. IN-939 High Temperature Nickel AlloyTurbine Disks, First and Second Stage ............................................................................................................................... WaspaloyTurbine Disks, Third Stage ................................................................................................................. IN 718 High Temperature AlloyTurbine Blades, First Stage ..................................................................... Cast Directionally Solidified CM-247LC Nickel-Base AlloyTurbine Blades, Second Stage .................................................................................................... Cast CM-247LC Nickel-Base AlloyTurbine Blades, Third Stage ................................................................................................................ Cast IN 792 Nickel-Base AlloyExhaust Diffuser .................................................................................................................................................... 409 Stainless SteelAccessory Gear Housing ................................................................................................................................................... Ductile IronTilt-Pad Bearings .................................................................................................... No. 1: Steel Backed Tri-Metal; No. 2 & 3: BronzeTurbine Shaft .......................................................................................................................................................................... AISI 4340

Protective Coatings

Compressor Rotor and Stator Blades ................................................................................................................. Inorganic AluminumNozzles, First and Second Stage ................................................................................................. Precious Metal Diffusion AluminideBlades, First and Second Stage ................................................................................................... Precious Metal Diffusion Aluminide

REDUCTION GEARThe reduction gear unit is a rugged industrial typedesigned by Solar. The gear unit is of the epicyclicstar-compound design using fewer parts than con-ventional epicyclic gear designs, thus giving higherreliability and ease of assembly and disassembly.

The gear unit is designed for continuous dutyoperation at output speeds of 1800 rpm for 60-Hzservice and 1500 rpm for 50-Hz service. It is rated inexcess of standard American Gear ManufacturersAssociation (AGMA) design factors at a service factorof 1.10 for generator applications and 10.0 undershort-circuit conditions. The gearbox is designed tooperate at 99% reliability for 30,000 hours betweenmajor inspections and 100,000 hours betweenoverhauls.

The gearbox is mounted on the oil tank on the skidand the gas turbine is bolted directly to the gear unit.The gas turbine and gearbox are coupled by means ofa splined interconnecting drive shaft, eliminating theneed for field alignment. The gearbox and generatorare connected by means of a flexible gear, shear-typecoupling enclosed in a spark-proof coupling guard.Jacking points are provided to facilitate alignment ofthe gas turbine and gearbox/generator combination.

6

Typical Star Compound Epicyclic Gearbox

PA98079MS

INPUT PINIONSUN GEAR

2nd STAGESTAR GEAR

OUTPUT

INPUT

FIXED CENTER1st STAGE

2nd STAGERING GEAR

This close-coupled arrangement allows precisionalignment, facilitated by jacking bolts. The gearboxunit includes accessory pads to accommodate thestarters and main lubricating oil pump.

7Generator and Associated Equipment

GENERATORThe gas turbine generator set can be provided withseveral different generator types and voltage outputsto accommodate a broad range of application require-ments. The generator, exciter, and voltage regulatorsystem designs are integrated to provide optimumperformance of the total system.Enclosures. Three generator enclosure types areavailable to suit a variety of environmental conditionsand cooling requirements. The standard options areopen drip proof (ODP), Weather Protected II (WPII),and totally enclosed water-to-air cooled (TEWAC). Allgenerators meet or exceed National Electrical Manu-facturers' Association (NEMA) codes. Special ordergenerators are available to meet unique customerrequirements including non-U.S. specifications or to-tally enclosed air-to-air cooled configurations. Theconstruction characteristics of the generator compo-nents are given below.Standard Features. The standard product offeringsinclude the following features:

Construction Open drip proof or Weather Protected II or Totally enclosed water-to-air cooled

Sleeve bearings with pressure fed sumps Six-lead wye connection Terminal box Form wound stator windings Amortisseur windings Rotor balance to 125% rated speed Permanent magnet pilot exciter Anticondensation space heaters 300% short-circuit capability for 10 seconds Overload capacity per NEMA:

150% rated current for one minute 110% for two hours

Voltage Regulator Characteristics. Solid state Single-phase sensing Reactive load sharing to within 5%

of nameplate rating

10% voltage adjustment range 0.5% steady-state voltage regulation Cross-current compensation capability

Rotor. The salient, four-pole, forged rotor is dynami-cally balanced to provide minimum vibration. Efficientrotor fans move cooling air through the generator andaround the rotor. The rotors have layer-wound fieldwindings cemented with a high-strength resin and arebaked to cure the resin. The rotor is designed to be inelectrical and mechanical balance at all speeds up to125% of rated speed.Stator. The stator is built with high grade silicon steellaminations, which are precision punched and indi-vidually insulated. Windings are typically form woundand are treated with thermosetting synthetic varnish,or vacuum pressure impregnated (VPI) epoxy, formaximum moisture resistance, high dielectricalstrength, and high bonding qualities. Windings arebraced to withstand load shocks such as motorstarting and short circuits. Space heaters are used tominimize condensation during shutdown.Shaft. The shaft diameter provides the necessarystiffness to avoid torsional vibration.Frame. The frame is heavy-duty steel fabricated withdeep welds and internal reinforcing for extra rigidityand strength and includes lifting lugs.Insulation and Temperature Rise. The standardinsulation system conforms to NEMA Class F withtwo temperature rise options (listed below), which arebased on the generator nameplate rating at 40EC(104EF) and 0.8 power factor for continuous duty orstandby duty service:

Class Temperature RiseF 105CEB 80CE

Bearing Lubrication System. The generator is sup-plied with a force-fed bearing lubrication system. Theforce-fed system consists of onskid piping and a filterstrainer. The oil is supplied from the gas turbine lubeoil system.Generator Selection. Typical voltages are availablefor 60 and 50-Hz applications. Other voltages can beprovided to meet specific customer requirements.

8Typical Available Voltages(60 Hz) (50 Hz)12,470 11,00013,800

Voltage Regulation (steady-state). The generator,exciter, and regulator system provides steady-statevoltage regulation within 0.5% of rated voltage whenthe load is varied from no load to rated kVA and alltransients have decayed to zero.Wave Form Characteristics.

Deviation Factor (maximum) 6%Harmonic Content (maximum) 3%Telephone Interference Factor (TIF): (Balanced = 50; Residual = 75)

Voltage Drift. With the generator operating at ratedvoltage and with a constant load between 0 and 100%at rated power factor, the change in the regulated

output will not exceed 1.0% of rated voltage for any30-minute period at a constant ambient temperature.Load Sharing. Multiple gas turbines are capable ofreactive load sharing within 5% of nameplate ratingwhen using the droop cross-current compensationsystem.Efficiency. The combined generator, exciter, andregulator efficiency at full load is nominally 97%.Overload Capacity. The generator is designed tocarry a one-minute load of 150% normal rated currentwith the field set for normal rated load excitation anda 10% overload for two hours without injurious heatingat rated power factor.

Short-Circuit Capability. The generator, regulator,and exciter system will sustain at least 300% of thecontinuous nameplate rated generator current for 10seconds when a three-phase, symmetrical shortcircuit is applied at the generator terminals. This

Typical Open Drip-Proof Generator with Permanent Magnet Exciter System

PA98080M

1

4

3

4

6 7 8 9 10 11

3

13

1413

1. Permanent Magnet Exciter Assembly2. Seal3. Sleeve Bearings4. Air Deflector5. Rotor Fan 10. Stator Frame

11. Rotor12. Input Shaft13. Bearing Drain Sight Glasses14. Mounting Feet

2

5

2

14

12

5

6. Main Lead 7. Ground Lead 8. Generator Stator Windings

9. Laminations

9provision provides adequate time for selective trip-ping of circuit breakers under short-circuit conditions.

VOLTAGE REGULATORThe voltage regulator is a completely static,silicon-controlled rectifier type, using a Zener refer-ence, and arranged for single-phase sensing. Allrectifiers are composed of hermetically sealed silicon.Regulators include droop-type cross-current compen-sation for parallel operation. The solid-state regulatorhas a 10% voltage adjustment range controlled by amotorized potentiometer. This potentiometer ismounted on the generator control panel.

EXCITATION SYSTEMThe generator excitation system consists of fourbasic components:

Permanent magnet generator to providepower to the voltage regulator

Voltage regulator Rotating armature-type ac exciter generator Full-wave rectifier with diodes mounted

on a rotating heat sinkThe exciter armature is mounted on the main

generator rotor and generates an ac voltage as itrevolves in the magnetic flux produced by the station-ary field. The stationary field is wound on salient polessupported by the stator core or frame. The permanentmagnet generator consists of permanent magnets onthe generator rotor and a stationary armature, alsosupported by the generator frame.

The exciter armature ac output power is rectified todc power by the rotating rectifier assembly and, inturn, the dc power is applied to the main generatorrotating field windings. The complete exciter isenclosed and protected by a removable cover.

When the rotor operates at synchronous speed, thepermanent magnet generator provides power to thevoltage regulator. The voltage regulator provides theappropriate exciter field current to control the exciterarmature output, which is rectified to provide dc powerto the main generator rotating field winding.

The excitation system is designed to have suffi-cient capacity to provide up to 150% rated current forone minute without damage.

During initial turbine/generator acceleration, thevoltage regulator power supply is switched off. Atabout 80% speed, the permanent magnet generatoroutput is connected to the voltage regulator andvoltage buildup begins. The voltage regulator then

Typical Generator, Exciter, and Regulator System

provides controlled exciter field current at a level tomaintain generator terminal voltage at a predeter-mined value established by the voltage rheostatposition. A potential transformer (usually suppliedwith the switchgear) provides a voltage level signal tothe voltage regulator. By sensing the generator termi-nal voltage and controlling the power to the brushlessexciter and, thus, the main generator field, the voltageregulator automatically acts to maintain the generatorterminal voltage at a constant level at all loadconditions.

Since the permanent magnet generator outputpower is independent of the main generator linevoltage and current levels, there is no need foradditional auxiliary equipment to provide power to thevoltage regulator during transient conditions. Thepermanent magnet generator provides sufficientgenerator terminal voltage during conditions of highgenerator line current from motor starting or otheroverload conditions and to allow for selective trippingduring a short-circuit condition.

A cross-current compensating circuit is included toaccommodate reactive load sharing between multiplegas turbines in parallel. Instrumentation transformersare usually supplied with the switchgear.

*Supplied by Switchgear Supplier PA98047MS

TO LOAD

*CT663

*PT663

PMG

VOLTAGEADJUSTPOTENTIO-METER

VOLTAGEREGULATOR

ROTATING PORTION

SURGESUPPRESSOR

GENERATORARMATURE(Stationary)

GENERATORFIELD

RECTIFIERASSEMBLY

EXCITERARMATURE

EXCITERFIELD(Stationary)

10

Control Systems

TURBOTRONIC CONTROLSThe Turbotronic control system is a highly inte-grated programmable logic controller (PLC) basedcontrol system with an onskid digital control panel.The PLC system includes the microprocessor, re-mote communication modules, chassis-based andflex input/output modules, line synchronization mod-ule, and power supplies. The system also includes avoltage regulator, synch check relay, and backupshutdown system. The primary gas turbine controlfunctions, including speed, temperature and load, areaccomplished by controlling the fuel input and the gasturbine inlet variable guide vanes.

The main control system inputs consist of the gasturbine speed transducer (magnetic pickup), thespeed input module, power turbine rotor inlet tempera-ture (TRIT) thermocouples, a millivolt-input module,current and potential transformer, and an ac inputmodule. The PLC executes its control software andproduces control outputs using an analog outputmodule. In addition, discrete inputs are sensed andoutputs generated to control other functions.

The control system maintains generator frequencyand/or generator load distribution (when operating in

parallel) by controlling gas turbine fuel flow bymeans of a fuel actuator connected to the fuel controlvalve. The system includes provisions for selection ofisochronous or speed droop modes of operation.Speed set-point adjustment is by means of speedincrease and speed decrease push buttons on thedigital control panel.

Load sharing between two or more generator setsin parallel is accomplished via the load sensingcircuitry and software. Each generators load is con-tinuously measured by the PLC and compared to othergas turbines on the same bus via a load sharing circuitamong all gas turbine controls. This control loopprovides equal real load sharing among the gasturbines.

T5 is the turbine temperature measured at thethird-stage turbine rotor inlet and biased by air inlettemperature. When turbine temperature reaches ratedlevels, fuel flow is then controlled based on tempera-ture rather than speed or load inputs. In the case of agenerator operating in parallel with an infinite bus(utility) or with a number of dissimilar non-load sharinggenerators, the temperature control will limit the loadcarrying contribution of the gas turbine to its ratedfull-load capacity at the current ambient temperatureconditions. The actual load level can be set by thespeed set point in droop control or, optionally, with kWcontrol. If the gas turbine or gas turbines are operatingin an island mode, then speed is the primary controlfunction and the gas turbine will deliver the load, or itsshare of the load, up to its capacity.

Control characteristics are as follows: Isochronous or droop operation: 0 to 4% range Steady-state control: 0.5% Transient speed deviation: 5%

CONTROL OPERATIONThe microprocessor-based system provides forautomatic starting, acceleration to operating speed,sequencing control, gas turbine and generator moni-toring during operation, and normal and malfunctionshutdown.

During operation, the control system, by means ofautomatic warning and shutdown devices, protectsthe gas turbine and generator from possible damageresulting from hazards such as turbine overspeed,high gas turbine temperature, low lubricating oil pres-sure, and excessive oil temperature.

Typical Control Junction Boxes andDigital Control Panel

SP130PG-003CS

11

The PLC performs proportional control, sequencingand protection functions, as well as detection andannunciation of abnormal operating conditions. ThePLC also controls start-up, operation, and shutdownsequences. Control for these functions comes fromsignals the microprocessor receives from solid-statedevices, control switches, speed, pressure andtemperature transmitters, and solid-state vibrationmonitors. These components provide the PLC withthe data necessary to control and maintain gas turbinespeed and temperature at safe levels.

In the event of an abnormal condition or malfunc-tion, the control system indicates the nature of themalfunction. When an alarm or shutdown is displayedon the digital control panel or on the optional remotevideo display terminal (VDT), a sequence of appropri-ate operations begins in response to the detectedcondition. In the event of a control system failure, thebackup relay system provides for a safe and orderlyshutdown. The backup relays operate the lubricatingoil system and other subsystems, as required, toavoid gas turbine and generator damage duringshutdown.

CONTROLS AND INSTRUMENTATIONIn keeping with the total package concept, themicroprocessor-based control system includes allcircuitry and indicating instruments required for gasturbine operation. (Please note that some itemsnormally provided with the generator circuit breaker,including potential transformers and current trans-formers, are included in Solar's scope of supply, ifSolar is providing the generator breaker.) The controlsystem sequences operating systems during start-ing, running, and shutdown to provide necessaryprotection during all phases of operation and tomonitor parameters during operation. These sequencesare described in the following.Start Sequence. The generator set can be started atthe on-frame digital control panel or with the optionalremote VDT. Once initiated, the start sequence iscontrolled automatically by the PLC. The following isa summary of the major events during the startsequence:

1. Appropriate start and control systems are acti-vated after all permissive signals have beenchecked, the pre/post lubricating oil pump isstarted and, on verification of prelubricationpressure, the starter system is activated andbegins turbine rotation. Cogeneration applica-tions will include a purge of the heat recoverysystem.

2. At 15% speed plus 10 seconds (about 21%speed) plus the time required to purge the heatrecovery system, if required, the ignition systemand fuel valves are operated to admit and ignitefuel in the combustor. The heat of combustionand starter power accelerate the turbine.

3. At 177EC (350EF) T5 temperature, the ignitionsystem is deactivated and accelerationcontinues.

4. At approximately 60% gas producer speed, thestart system is deactivated, the start counterregisters a gas turbine start, the hour meterbegins to log gas turbine operating hours, andthe compressor variable vane control systemactivates and begins moving the vanes towardthe maximum open position.

5. At 81% speed, the gas turbine bleed valvecloses and the voltage regulator is activated,initiating generator voltage buildup.

6. At 90% speed, generator output voltage andstarting time are verified and the ready-to-loadtimer is activated.

7. At 90% speed plus 10 seconds, loading circuitsare activated, enabling circuit breaker closure,and the ready-to-load indicator is illuminated.

8. At 100% speed, the governor system assumescontrol of turbine speed and automaticallysynchronizes the generator with the bus.

Running Condition. While operating, the turbinespeed/load is automatically controlled by the speed,load and temperature governing and control system.The generator voltage is automatically controlled bythe voltage regulator. The speed and voltage setpoints may be manually adjusted as required. Inaddition to controlling speed and voltage levels, thecontrol system continuously monitors and displaysgas turbine generator set operating parameters andinitiates alarms and/or automatic shutdown on detec-tion of an upset condition.Stop Sequence. Unit shutdown is initiated eithermanually by the Stop button or by the EmergencyStop button or automatically by the malfunction alarmsystem. A normal or cooldown stop is initiated locallyat the digital control panel or remotely via the optionalserial link interface, while an emergency stop isnormally initiated at the local onskid panel or byhard-wired remote command. The malfunction alarmsystem stores and indicates alarms in sequentialorder should more than one malfunction shutdownalarm occur coincidentally.

12

The following stop sequence is a summary of themajor events occurring during a cooldown stop:

1. Control system signals generator output breakerto open. Gas turbine continues to run withoutload for five minutes to cool the gas turbine tono-load operating temperatures.

2. At approximately five minutes after initiation ofcooldown stop, run circuits are deactivated toshut off fuel supply and de-energize generatorvoltage regulator.

3. The compressor variable vane control systemmoves the vanes to the minimum open positionto unload the gas turbine compressor duringdeceleration.

4. At approximately 80% speed, the gas turbinebleed valve opens.

5. At 66% speed, the hour meter is deactivated.6. At approximately 60 seconds after speed de-

creases below 15% speed, the restart delaycircuit resets the control system to enable gasturbine start.

When gas turbine shutdown is initiated by theEmergency Stop button or by a malfunction, the initialfive-minute cooldown period is deleted and subse-quent start-up is locked out until the Reset button ispressed and the malfunction condition is cleared.

CONTROL SYSTEM COMPONENTSThe microprocessor-based control system is pro-vided onskid in a weatherproof enclosure and includesall controls necessary to sequence operation duringstart and shutdown and to monitor and protect thepackage while in operation. All components within theenclosure are factory interconnected and are wired toterminal strips for customer connection or to othercomponents. Labels and labeled customer connec-tions are in English, but can be provided in otherlanguages.T5 Temperature Limiter. Limits the real load (kWe) tothe maximum rating on the unit when operating inparallel with a large power source, such as an electricutility or other infinite bus system. The system limitsthe kWe load by limiting T5 temperature to a predeter-mined factory-set level. When the unit is operating inthe isochronous mode and is in parallel with the bus,with no further operator action, it will automaticallytake on load or drop load as required. When thepredetermined temperature level is reached, the lim-iter will take control of the control valve actuator andprevent any further increase in temperature and load.The unit will continue to operate at this full site-rated

load at the current ambient temperature. With changesin ambient temperature (T1), the limiter will adjust theload to maintain a constant T5 temperature, thusautomatically maintaining the gas turbine at fullsite-rated load at all times.

If the application requires operation at a specificconstant load level, rather than full site-rated capac-ity, then the optional kWe controller should be used.

The T5 temperature limiter system is a part of thegas turbine temperature control and indication systemand has no operational adjustments or controlswitches.

Digital Control Panel. A prominent feature of themicroprocessor-based control system is a digitalcontrol panel. Located on the package skid, this panelincludes pressure indicators and switches foroperation of the gas turbine cranking system formaintenance purposes. Various gas turbine fluid sys-tem parameters are indicated, depending on type offuel system used and other fluid system options. Thetemperature and pressure data displayed on the digitalcontrol panel can be in SI, Metric or English units. Inaddition to a continuously available display of first-outmalfunctions, the panel will display the following data:

System summary, normal running data System status Digital display of gas turbine and

generator parameters Alarms and shutdownsThe gas turbine controls are located on the digital

control panel and include all instrumentation, controlswitches, and operation lights necessary for operationof the gas turbine. The gas turbine controls include thefollowing as illustrated:Automatic Synchronizer. An auto synchronizer isprovided to automatically synchronize the unit to thebus. Automatic synchronization is incorporated intothe start cycle and can also be initiated by push-buttoncontrol on the digital control panel or by receipt of anappropriate remote signal.

During synchronization, voltage, frequency andphase angle are controlled directly by the PLC. Asynch check relay is also provided.Motorized Voltage Adjust System. The motorizedvoltage adjust system is mounted in the generatorcontrol panel and includes a raise/lower switch con-trolling a motorized potentiometer for voltage control.This allows for an additional raise/lower switch to beintroduced into the system to control voltage from aremote location.

13

Generator Control. Integrated electrical monitoringand control circuits, including a specially developedline-synchronizing module, are provided to controlreal and reactive power or power factor when operat-ing in parallel with a grid.

Display of Generator Operating Parameters. Gen-erator operation is shown on the digital control paneland is available in alphanumeric format onskid or it isavailable on the optional VDT in both numeric and bargraph format. Available parameters include:

Typical Onskid Digital Control Panel

SP130PG-004M

1. Lamp, Ready 2. Switch, Auto-Synch Initiate 3. Switch, Start/Starting

4. Local Serial Port5. Lamp, Cooldown 6. Switch, Backup System Active/Reset 7. Lamp, Alarm Summary 8. Switch, Stop/Stopping 9. Lamp, Shutdown Summary

10. Switch, Emergency Stop

DIGITAL DISPLAY WINDOW

FUNCTION SWITCHES

F16F15F14F13F12F11F10F9

F8F7F6F5F4F3F2F1

KEYPAD

7 8 9

4 5 6

1 2 3

. 0 -

11. Switch, Speed Isoch12. Switch, Speed Droop13. Switch, KVAR/PF Select14. Switch, Auto-Synch Initiate 15. Switch, Test Crank Off/On16. Switch, Water Wash17. Switch, Horn Silence18. Switch, Acknowledge19. Switch, Reset

20. Switch, Online Wash21. Lamp, Ready to Load22. Lamp, Onload23. Switch, Lamp Test24. Switch, Off/Local/Remote25. Switch, Speed Dec/Inc26. Switch, Voltage Dec/Inc27. Switch, kW Control Off/On28. Switch, kW Adjust Dec/Inc

105 6 7 8 9

1 2 3

1611 12 13 14 15

2217 18 19 20 21

4

2823 24 25 26 27

14

AC current each phase AC voltage each phase Real and reactive power Power factor Frequency

Vibration Monitoring Systems. A vibration monitor-ing system using proximeters, accelerometers, andvelocity transducers with Metrix interface modules isprovided. The vibration monitoring system providessignals directly to the PLC, which monitors anddisplays vibration signals.

A proximeter is provided on each of the three radialbearings in the Titan 130 gas turbine. An accelerom-eter is provided on the reduction gearbox and avelocity transducer is provided on each of the genera-tor bearings.

Vibration level, malfunction alarm, and shutdowninitiation are displayed on the digital control panel orwith the optional VDT.Temperature Monitoring Systems. Temperaturemonitoring of critical components in the Titan 130 gasturbine and the generator is provided to include:

Gas Turbine Thrust Bearing. Two RTDs areembedded in the thrust bearing with one on eachside. One RTD is active and one is spare.Temperature level, alarm, and shutdown indica-tion are displayed by the digital control panel.

Generator Bearing. The system uses an RTDat each generator bearing. Bearing temperaturelevel, warning alarm, and shutdown alarm indi-cation are displayed by the microprocessorcontrol system.

Generator Stator Winding. An RTD isembedded in each phase of the generator statorwindings. Temperature level, warning alarm,and shutdown alarm indication for each phaseare displayed by the microprocessor controlsystem.

Lube Oil Drain. An RTD is located at the lube oildrain from the gas turbine to monitor theNo. 2 and 3 bearings.

CONTROL SYSTEM OPTIONSRemote Video Display Terminal (VDT). (Optional)A remote video display terminal is available thatgraphically displays all of the information shown onthe on-frame digital control panel. It operates over aserial link connected to the onskid digital controlpanel. The remote VDT is normally located in the

control room and can be connected directly up to3000 m (9840 ft) away via ControlNet with repeaters.The VDT also provides the capability to start and stopthe gas turbine, adjust speed/load set points, initiateautomatic synchronization, and open circuit breakers.Gas Turbine Performance Map. (Optional/VDTrequired) This feature displays site condition gasturbine performance corrected to standard ISOperformance. The performance map is available forreference and is used to monitor trends in gas turbineperformance, not to verify absolute gas turbineperformance levels.Historical Displays. (Optional/VDT required) Thefollowing maintenance and diagnostic programs areavailable to assist in routine monitoring of the gasturbine condition, as well as to make informed esti-mates of the future performance of the unit. Thehistorical display option includes:

Running Time Display. This feature providesa four-channel, strip-chart recorder formatdisplayed on the optional VDT. It providessimultaneous plots of multiple operator-selectedanalog variables in real time. The data aredisplayed in one or two-second increments.Each of the plots is scaled for the selectedvariable and displays the actual numeric valueof the raw data for each variable.

Typical Remote Video Display Terminal

PA1999-003MS

15

Elapsed Time Display. The elapsed time dis-play feature is used for plotting and determiningtrends in the gas turbine or generator. Selectedvariables are stored on disk whether or not thegas turbine is in operation, which provides acontinuous data file of all stored parameters.Data are saved at predetermined intervals andcan be retrieved for future analysis. Typically,data are stored in hourly intervals with approxi-mately one month of data contained on eachfloppy disk.

Predictive Trend Monitoring. The predictivetrend monitoring feature analyzes the historicaldata base and approximates the future analogsignal trends. Deteriorating trends result in adisplay that has the trend line intersecting apredetermined alarm or shutdown level at anestimated future date.

Printer/Logger. (Optional/VDT required) This optionincludes an event logger, standard report form andscreen print. The data logging and print systemconsists of a table-top 80/132 column dot matrixprinter, available in 120 or 240 Vac, single phase, 50/60 Hz and a 7.6-m (25-ft) interconnect cable. Formultiple gas turbine applications, the control softwarecan be configured for a dedicated printer for each gasturbine or one printer for several gas turbines.

The following functions are provided: Status Print current value of analog and status

of discrete variables. Menu selectable and auto-matically generated on shutdown event followedby first out alarm print.

Alarm Logging prints alarm with time and datestamp.

Daily Log last 24 hours of elapsed time data. Print Screen: prints current screen. Historical Files: prints data from all

historical files.Supervisory Interface Serial Link. (Optional)Consists of an RS232C or RS422 or Allen-BradleyData Highway Plus (DH+) interface. The communica-tions protocols available are the DH+, DF1 and ModbusRTU. All data available to the PLC are also availablevia the optional serial link for remote monitoring,diagnostics, and trend analysis.

The interface also provides the capability to: Request standard message from PLC Read specific memory locations Send supervisory control signals

The "standard message" provides the same dataused by the display system, including all input ana-logs, a number of computed values, status indicationsand all active alarms and shutdowns.

Typical data include, but are not limited to: Kilowatt load Gas turbine speed Gas turbine compressor discharge

pressure (Pcd) Turbine rotor inlet temperature (T5) Lube oil header pressure Lube oil temperature Generator circuit breaker status Ambient temperature All alarms and shutdownsSupervisory control signals include: Start Stop Acknowledge/reset Isoch/droop Water wash Auto sync initiate Test crank

KW Controller. (Optional) Required on all installationsoperating in parallel with a large power source, such asan electric utility or other infinite bus system. The kWcontroller provides additional operational flexibility byallowing the real power level of the unit to be set at anydesired load within the capacity of the gas turbine,while the turbine rotor inlet

temperature control limitsthe kW load level to the gas turbines full site-ratedload only. The kW load level select switch andadjustment is located on the digital control panel.

The kW controller can be configured for import orexport control. The import controller monitors the loadcarried by the utility source and adjusts the gasturbine generator load to maintain a fixed amount ofpower on the utility at all times. This is for applicationswhere it is desired to prevent any power from beingexported to the utility. The export controller monitorsthe load carried by the gas turbine generator set. Thismay be used to maintain a constant load on thegenerator set or it may be used as a process control-ler. The on/off and set switches are located on thedigital control panel.KVAR/Power Factor Controller. (Optional) Requiredon all applications operating in parallel with a large

16

power source, such as an electric utility or otherinfinite bus system. The kVAR /power factor controllermaintains a constant reactive load (kVAR) or constantpower factor (pf) on the gas turbine while operating inparallel with a large power source. The controlleroutput signal is applied directly to the voltage regula-tor adjust circuit to maintain a constant reactive loador power factor with changes in the infinite bus voltagelevel. The system incorporates a set-point adjustrheostat to set the desired kVAR or pf, a selectorswitch to choose kVAR or pf control mode, and aswitch to turn the controller on and off. The switchesand level adjust rheostat are located on the generatorcontrol panel and are controlled by the gas turbinePLC.Generator Sequencing. (Optional) In power genera-tion systems, completely automatic operation is oftendesirable. For standby applications, it is desirable tohave the unit automatically start and the load transferto the standby gas turbine when a commercial powerfailure occurs. For continuous duty applications, it isdesirable to automatically shed load and/or restoreload should one of the generator sets have a malfunc-tion shutdown.

Solar offers several automatic starting and loadingsystems for both standby and continuous dutyapplications:

Automatic Start/Automatic Synchronization/Automatic Restore, Multiple Gas Turbines.Provides the logic to control up to six gasturbines on loss of commercial power. The gasturbine will automatically start, close on thedead bus, and, if desired, shut down whencommercial power is restored. Controls for thissystem are located on the digital control panel.

Standby Start to a Hot Bus. The standby startto a hot bus system provides the logic to startthe standby gas turbine in the event of a failureof one gas turbine in a continuous duty applica-tion. Signals of the number of gas turbines online are provided for load control purposes. Alsoprovided are controls to allow automatic parallel-ing of a gas turbine whose start is manuallyinitiated from this panel.

CONTROL SYSTEM ACCESSORIES

Control and Post Lube Pump Battery/25-Ampere Charger System (Optional)This battery/charger system supplies the necessary24-Vdc power for the operation of the gas turbinecontrol system and 120-Vdc power for the post lubebackup pump. The 100-ampere-hour lead calciumbatteries and integrated 25-ampere charger aremounted in a nonhazardous, freestanding, weather-proof NEMA 3R cabinet. The charger is available with240/480-Vac, 208/220/230-Vac and 120/240-Vac, 50or 60-Hz, single-phase inputs.

Control and Post Lube Pump Battery/50-Ampere Charger System (Optional)This battery/charger system supplies the necessary24-Vdc power for the operation of the gas turbinecontrol system and 120-Vdc power for the post lubebackup pump. The 192-ampere-hour nickel cadmiumbatteries and integrated 50-ampere charger aremounted in a nonhazardous, freestanding, weather-proof NEMA 3R cabinet. The charger is available with240/480-Vac, 208/220/230-Vac and 120/240-Vac, 50or 60-Hz, single-phase inputs.

Typical Control and Post Lube Battery Console

902

mm

(2' 11

-1/2")

CONTROLPANEL

SP130PG-005M

Depth - 397 mm (1' 3-5/8")Weight - 73 kg (160 lb)

406 mm(1' 4")

17

Alarm and Shutdown Indications

SHUTDOWN* = ALARM INDICATION (INDICATION AND

MALFUNCTION SHUTDOWN)

Gas Turbine System

Supplied with Basic Set:* Impending high turbine temperature (T5)

High turbine temperature (T5) FSLOverspeed FSNBackup overspeed FSNUnderspeed CSLFast stop, manual FSL

* High vibration, package summary FSNIgnition failure FSNFail to crank FSNFail to start FSN

* Starter dropout failureHigh thrust bearing temperature FSNCritical shutdown FSNFlameout FSN

Main Reduction Drive

* High vibration FSN

Generator Systems

Generator overvoltage CSLGenerator undervoltage CSL

* Generator winding temperatureA phase CSNB phase CSNC phase CSN

* High bearing temperature, drive end FSN * High bearing temperature, exciter end FSN* High vibration, drive end FSN* High vibration, exciter end FSN

Control Systems

Battery voltage low FSLT1 RTD failure CSLT5 thermocouple failure CSL

* T5 thermocouple out of tolerance (1 thermocouple)* T5 thermocouple out of tolerance (2 or more thermocouples) CSL

Backup overspeed system failure FSL* Lube oil pressure transducer failure* Battery charger failure* Generator winding RTD failure* Vibration monitor failure* Fire system fault* Gas monitor failure FSL

118

Alarm and Shutdown Indications

SHUTDOWN* = ALARM INDICATION (INDICATION AND

MALFUNCTION SHUTDOWN)

Fuel System Gas (G) or Liquid (L) Fuel

* High gas fuel filter differential pressure (G)High starting fuel flow (G) FSNGas fuel valve fail (G) FSNHigh gas fuel pressure (G) FSLLow liquid fuel boost pressure (L) FSN

* High liquid fuel filter differential pressure (L)Lubrication System

Low prelube oil pressure FSN* Low oil pressure FSN* High oil temperature CSN* High oil filter differential pressure* High oil tank pressure* Low oil temperature (start permissive) FSN

Ancillary System

* High enclosure temperature* High enclosure gas level FSL* High air inlet filter differential pressure (supplied with air inlet filter) CSN

Supplied with Fire Protection System

Fire detected, UV sensor FSLFire detected, thermal sensor FSLFire system discharged FSL

* Fire system lockout

Other Options (require signal from external equipment)

Switchgear malfunction summary CSNHeat recovery system shutdown CSN

* Gas turbine start inhibit by heat recovery system

CSL = Cooldown Stop LockoutCSN = Cooldown Stop NonlockoutFSL = Fast Stop LockoutFSN = Fast Stop NonlockoutCooldown: Generator breaker is tripped and gas turbine is run at no load for five minutes.Fast Stop: Generator breaker is tripped and gas turbine is shut down immediately.Lockout: System is reset from local gas turbine control panel only.Nonlockout: System is reset from local gas turbine control panel or optional remote control panel.

19

Start System

DIRECT-DRIVE AC START SYSTEMThe direct-drive ac (DAC) start system consists of twosquirrel cage, three-phase, ac induction motors with asolid-state variable frequency drive (VFD). The startermotors are mounted on the gas turbine reductiongearbox with a sprag-type overrunning clutch.

When the start sequence is initiated, the packageprelube cycle begins. Upon completion of the prelubecycle and once given a signal from the gas turbinecontrol system, the VFD provides low frequency acvoltage to the motors. After the gas turbine begins tospin, the VFD ramps up the frequency and voltage tothe motors to accelerate the gas turbine to purgespeed. The VFD controls the motors at a constantspeed for the duration of the purge cycle. At the endof the purge cycle, the gas turbine control commandsthe VFD to increase the frequency of the motors toaccelerate the gas turbine for the ignition cycle. Oncestarter dropout speed is reached, the gas turbinecontinues to accelerate and overruns the startermotors through the sprag clutch.

The VFD cabinet is shipped separately for installa-tion in an appropriate nonhazardous location andprovides for direct across-the-line starting control ofthe motors. The VFD requires a supply of three-phase,380-to-575 volt, 48-to-62 Hz ac power. The typicalmaximum symmetrical fault current capacity of theVFD is 25,000 amps. Feeder circuits exceeding thislimit require the use of an isolation transformer, linereactor or other means of adding similar impedance tolimit fault current. Electric disconnects and overcurrent

protection devices are normally provided by others.The power cable run from the VFD to the startermotors should not exceed 183 m (600 ft).

Typical Direct-Drive AC Start System

Typical Variable Frequency Drive Cabinet

SP130PG-006M

600 mm (1' 11-5/8")

Depth - 600 mm (1' 11-5/8")Weight - 386 kg (850 lb)

2200

mm

(7' 2

-5/8")

SP130PG-007M

VARIABLEFREQUENCYDRIVE

AC STARTERMOTORS

ADAPTER HUB COUPLING/CLUTCHASSEMBLY

GASTURBINE

CUSTOMERAC INPUT380 TO 575 VACTHREE PHASE48 TO 62 HZ GENERATOR SET

SKID EDGE

(Rotation)

20

Fuel Systems

The Titan 130 PG generator set can be configured tooperate using a gas or liquid fuel system. All fuel mustconform to Solar's specification ES 9-98.

NATURAL GAS FUEL SYSTEMThe fuel system includes all necessary componentsfor controlling fuel pressure, scheduling fuel flowduring start-up, and modulating fuel flow during opera-tion. The system also provides temperature toppingcontrol of fuel flow during start-up, acceleration andoperation. The system requires a natural gas supplythat conforms to Solars specification ES 9-98. Thegas should have a lower heating value (LHV) of 31 496to 39 370 kJ/nm3 (800 to 1000 Btu/scf) and should be

free of sulfur, contaminants, entrained water, andliquid hydrocarbons.

Typical components included with the natural gasfuel system are:

10-micron offskid filter/coalescer Primary fuel shutoff valve (pilot gas operated) Natural gas fuel control valve with actuator Gas turbine fuel manifold with

distribution orifices Fuel injector assemblies Gas torch valve Torch gas pressure regulator

Typical Simplified Natural Gas Fuel System (second level instrumentation not shown)

SP130PG-008M

GAS FUELINJECTORS

GAS FUELMANIFOLD

COMBUSTOR

COMPRESSOR

G

VARIABLEGUIDEVANES

TORCH

CONTROLSIGNALFROMTRANSMITTERELECTRICGAS FUEL

VALVE

GGENERATOR SETSKID EDGE

PRIMARYSHUTOFFVALVE

GASFUELFILTER

G

G

Electrical

Gas Fuel

Main FuelPath

E

G

Legend

GASFUELSUPPLY

Gas Fuel Supply Pressures at Skid Edge at -18C (0F) ambient temperature: Minimum Maximum Flow

kPa(g) psig kPa(g) psig nm3/min scfmTitan 130 2208 320 3450 500 83 3097

G

TORCHVALVE

TORCHPRESSUREREGULATORVALVE

TORCHPRESSUREREGULATORVALVE

E

21

Gas ignitor/torch assembly 10-micron pilot gas filter Pilot gas pressure regulator Gas fuel pressure transmitter Valve check pressure transmitterSystem requirements include: Constant supply of gas at a maximum flow

demand rate of 83 nm3/min (3097 scfm) at 2208kPa gauge (320 psig) minimum and 3450 kPagauge (500 psig) maximum pressure at -18EC(0EF) ambient temperature.

Maximum allowable gas fuel temperature is93EC (200EF). Minimum allowable gas fueltemperature is -29EC (-20EF).

Gas fuel should conform to Solar's specificationES 9-98, "Fuel, Air, and Water (or Steam) forSolar Gas Turbine Engines."

Gas fuel must be free of sulfur, contaminants,entrained water, and liquid hydrocarbons.

Component OperationGas fuel supply pressure required at the gas turbineskid must meet minimum pressure requirementsor the low pressure switch disables gas turbineoperation.

The primary fuel shutoff valve is a pneumaticallyoperated, spring-closed ball valve. Pilot gas pressureis admitted and exhausted from the operator via anintegral solenoid valve. Removal of pilot gas or elec-tric power will allow the springs to close the mainvalve. When energized, this solenoid valve admitspilot pressure to the valve opening operator andexhaust pressure from the closing operator, causingthe main spool to shift to the open position. Whende-energized, this solenoid valve vents the openingoperator and supplies pilot pressure in the closingdirection to close the shutoff valve.

During the gas turbine start sequence, prior toignition, the primary fuel shutoff valve is operatedto verify proper operation. This fuel valve checksequence is verified by the valve-check pressuretransmitter.

Solar has developed an electric fuel control valvethat replaces the pressure regulator/gas loader, throttlevalve, and associated electrohydraulic actuator. Thissystem has improved light-off reliability and enhancedperformance flexibility to meet the demanding require-ments of SoLoNOx gas turbine configurations and hasallowed easier adjustments of fuel flow schedules forsteady-state and transient conditions.

The electrically controlled valve is composed of abalanced poppet valve actuated by a proportionalsolenoid-operated device mounted directly on thevalve. All components, including the electronics, arepackaged in a compact, lightweight housing con-structed of either aluminum or stainless steel. Internalmetering components are stainless steel. The valveassembly can operate in ambient temperatures andgas temperatures of 93EC (200EF). Control and actua-tion power required is 120 Vdc. The valve position iscontrolled by a 4-to-20 mA signal and the valveprovides a 4-to-20 mA feedback signal via an inte-grated linear variable differential transformer (LVDT).A differential pressure transmitter is included to mea-sure the differential pressure across the injectors inorder to properly schedule fuel flow during gas turbinelight-off and acceleration.

The fuel is distributed to the combustor via a fuelgas manifold and fuel injectors.LIQUID FUEL SYSTEMThe liquid fuel system operates on light distillatefuels, including Grades 1 and 2 fuel oil, Grades 1 and2 diesel, and kerosene (JP-5, JP-8 or commercialgrade). Specific physical and chemical requirementsare provided in Solars specification ES 9-98.

This system requires an external air source toprovide fuel atomization for up to three minutes duringthe start cycle. During normal operation, the atomiz-ing air source is provided internally from the gasturbine compressor discharge.

The liquid fuel system includes: 22-kW (30-hp) motor-driven, gear-type,

main (high pressure) fuel pump Low fuel boost pressure alarm/

hutdown switch Simplex, 25-micron high pressure fuel filter Fuel control actuator Liquid fuel control valves (fuel metering,

differential presure, acceleration limiter,relief, and pressurizing)

Liquid fuel solenoid-operated valves (mainfuel shutoff, purge, bypass, torch shutoff,and torch drain)

High liquid fuel start pressureshutdown switch

Gas turbine fuel manifold withdistribution orifices

Fuel injector assemblies Fuel ignitor/torch assembly

22

System requirements include: Constant supply of liquid fuel at a maximum

flow demand rate of 114 L/min (30 gpm) Compressed air at 552 to 2068 kPa gauge

(80 to 300 psig) and 1.88 nm3/min maximum(70 scfm) for up to three minutes for fuelatomization during the start cycle

Maximum allowable liquid fuel temperature atpackage inlet is 60EC (140EF).

Pressure at package connection must beregulated between 241 and 345 kPa gauge(35 and 50 psig).

Fuel should conform to Solar's specificationES 9-98. Typical acceptable fuels include:

Grades 1 and 2 fuel oil Grades 1 and 2 diesel Kerosene (JP-5, JP-8 or commercial grade)

Component OperationThe liquid fuel system is completely integrated withinthe gas turbine/generator package. The gas turbinerequires a liquid fuel supply of acceptable pressure tothe low pressure filter inlet. Fuel flow rate will varydepending on the fuel heating value and specificgravity.

An offskid module can be provided to raise fuelpressure to the pressure required at the packageframe to that required by the high pressure fuel pump.The liquid fuel boost module, which is capable of a lift

Typical Simplified Liquid Fuel System (second level instrumentation not shown)

TORCHVALVE

ORIFICE

MAINVALVE

E

EL

LOWPRESSUREFILTERS

LIQUIDFUELSUPPLY

Liquid FuelPressure:6.1 m (20 ft)wet lift to172 kPa(g)(25 psig)

BOOSTPUMP

STRAINER

CONTROLVALVES

FUEL FLOWMONITOR

Liquid Fuel BoostPump Skid (optional)

AC MOTORDRIVENLIQUIDFUEL PUMP

VFD LIQUID FUELCONTROLLER

AIRATOMIZINGSUPPLY

Pressure: 552 kPa(g) (80 psig) min. to 2068 kPa(g) (300 psig) max.Flow: 1.88 nm3/min (70 scfm) for 3 minutes during start cycle

A

A

LL

AIR ASSISTTORCH VALVE

COMPRESSOR

COMBUSTOR

VARIABLEGUIDE VANES

TORCHORIFICE

LINESTYPICAL

INJECTORS

AIR MANIFOLD

Liquid Fuel Pressurew/o Optional Boost Skid:241 to 345 kPa(g)(35 to 50 psig)

L LL

SP130PG-009M

Air

Electrical

Liquid Fuel

Main FuelPath

A

E

L

Legend

GENERATORSET SKIDEDGE

(Offskidmounted)

HIGH PRESSUREFUEL FILTER

E

L

SHUTOFFVALVE

PRESSURECONTROL VALVE

23

suction of 6.1-m (20-ft), includes an ac motor-drivenpump and a 75-micron strainer.

The duplex low pressure fuel filters provide filtra-tion to 10 microns and incorporate a manual transfervalve for switching the filters. The filters may betransferred during gas turbine operation. High differen-tial pressure across the filter is sensed by a pressureswitch and indicated as an alarm by the gas turbinecontrol system.

Fuel is directed from the low pressure filters to theac motor-driven high pressure fuel pump, which sup-plies approximately 4140-to-5520 kPa gauge (600-to-800 psig) fuel pressure to the fuel control valve. Asimplex, 25-micron high pressure fuel filter is locatedbetween the high pressure pump discharge and thefuel control valve to protect the fuel control from pumpwear products.

The main fuel control valve schedules fuel flowduring light-off, acceleration and during constant speedoperation. The control valve incorporates the fuelmetering valve, acceleration limiter, differential pres-sure valve, ultimate relief valve, compressor dis-charge pressure (Pcd) bleed solenoid, andservoactuator linkage. The constant speed controlportion meters fuel to the gas turbine according todemand established by Pcd to the acceleration limiterand by the speed control governor linkage position.Fuel not required as metered flow to the gas turbine isreturned to the high pressure fuel pump inlet by thedifferential pressure valve.

As an acceleration control, fuel is scheduled ac-cording to Pcd sensed by the acceleration limiter.

The differential pressure valve maintains a con-stant differential pressure across the metering valveto maintain fuel flow as a function of metering valveposition with changing high pressure pump dischargepressure. The ultimate relief valve opens to relievesystem pressure in the event of fuel pump operationagainst a closed discharge path. The pressurizingvalve, located downstream of the fuel control valve,provides an appropriate back pressure on the fuelcontrol valve to maintain stable operation.

The fuel control actuator is an electrohydraulicdevice that receives a control signal from the gasturbine electronic governor and, by use of hydraulicpower, operates the control linkage to the fuel controlvalve. The actuator oil pressure is supplied from thegas turbine lube oil system.

The system incorporates four electrically operatedsolenoid valves. The main shutoff valve opens atignition during gas turbine start-up and closes uponinitiation of a gas turbine shutdown signal. The bypassvalve opens on gas turbine shutdown to bypass fuelthrough the high pressure pump during gas turbinecoast down. The torch valve opens at ignition (15%speed plus 10 seconds) to admit fuel to the torchignitor assembly and closes when combustion isverified by a 177EC (350EF) turbine T5 temperature.The purge valve opens on shutdown initiation to purgefuel from the fuel injectors and fuel manifolding to theonskid fuel purge tank.

Fuel is directed from the main fuel shutoff valve toa manifold that distributes the fuel through individualsupply lines to the fuel injectors.ALTERNATE FUELSThe standard gas and liquid fuel systems are de-signed to operate on fuels that meet the requirementsof Solar's specification ES 9-98. Most commerciallyavailable natural gas fuel and light distillate fuelscomply with ES 9-98. Solar's technical staff canassist in evaluating specific fuel characteristics.

The fuel systems can also be modified to accom-modate a range of alternate fuels that do not complywith ES 9-98. Gas fuels with heating values somewhatless than natural gas can be used with specialized fuelsystems. Solar's gas turbines can operate on "heavier"gas fuels, including propane, butane, natural gas(NGL), and liquid petroleum gas (LPG), which arecompressed and burned as a liquid. Extremely lightdistillate fuels, including naphtha and gasoline, can beused with minor modifications to the standard liquidfuel system. Solar gas turbines cannot operate onheavy liquid fuels, including No. 3 diesel fuel andheavier, bunker fuel, No. 6 oil, and residual oil.

SOLONOx COMBUSTIONSoLoNOx is a dry low emission combustion systemthat uses special fuel injectors, each with main andpilot fuel ports. The ratio of fuel injected through theseports is controlled during starting and operation tomaintain a stable combustor flame while minimizingthe formation of NOx and CO emissions. Combustionairflows, which affect the emissions levels, are alsoregulated within allowable limits using variable guidevanes and a bleed valve on the axial air compressor.

24

Lubrication System

BASIC LUBRICATION SYSTEMA complete lubricating system suitable for operationwith lube oil conforming to Solars specification ES9-224 is included. The lubrication system circulatesoil under pressure to the bearings in the gas turbine,gearbox, and generator.

The lube oil system consists of a gas turbine-drivenprimary pump, ac motor-driven pre/post pump, dcmotor-driven backup pump, simplex filter, air/oil orwater/oil cooler, tank heater, pressure and tempera-ture regulating valves, and devices for monitoring,control, and protection against low pressure and hightemperature.

With the exception of the lube oil cooler and ventseparator, the complete lube oil system is installed onthe package base. The oil tank is a reservoir integralwith the package base. All onskid supply and drain linepiping is included. The interconnect piping betweenthe skid edge connection and the remote-mounted oilcooler, however, is provided by others. All tubing,piping, and manifolds up to four-inch (nominal) sizeare stainless steel.

When unit start-up is initiated, oil is delivered to thegas turbine bearings by the pre/post lube oil pump fora specific period of time. As the gas turbine acceler-ates, the pre/post oil pump is shut down and all lubeoil is supplied by the gas turbine-driven main pump.When the unit starts during cold ambient conditions,oil bypasses the cooler through a temperature controlvalve in the system control module.

Standard FeaturesThe lubrication system incorporates the followingstandard components:

Oil tank Gas turbine-driven primary pump AC motor-driven pre/post pump DC motor-driven backup pump Simplex oil filter Offskid oil cooler Oil level, pressure and temperature

transmitters Pressure and temperature regulators Strainers

Lube Oil Filter System. A simplex filter, with replace-able five-micron elements and a warning signal toindicate when a filter changeout is necessary, isprovided. A duplex filter is available as an option. Theduplex filters may be switched while the gas turbinegenerator set is in operation using a continuous-flowtransfer valve.Pre/Post Lube Oil System. A pre/post lube oil pumpsupplies oil prior to package start-up and post lubecooling after unit shutdown. The pump is a rotary,positive-displacement type driven by a 5.6-kW(7.5-hp) ac motor. A 0.75-kW (1-hp) motor-drivenbackup lube oil pump is also provided to supply thenecessary oil pressure for post lube cooling of the gasturbine bearings in the event the post lube oil systemis inoperable on unit shutdown. Power to the backuppump is provided by a 120-Vdc battery system.Lube Oil Tank Heater System. A thermostaticallycontrolled 20-kW oil tank heater is available to main-tain oil temperature above 10EC (50EF). This heaterrequires 380/575-Vac, 50/60-Hz, three-phase power.Lube Oil Cooler System. The standard lube oil coolersystem consists of an air-to-oil cooler that operates toa maximum ambient temperature of 43EC (110EF). Asimplex water-to-oil cooler is available as an option.The water flow rate is 283.9 L/min (75 gpm) with awater inlet temperature of 32.2EC (90EF). The fan isdriven by a 3.7-kW (5-hp) ac motor. The lube oil cooleris installed offskid.Lube Oil Vent Separator. An offskid mechanicalcoalescer element is provided to remove oil from thelube oil tank vent. The oil is allowed to drain backto the lube oil tank, while the remaining vapor isexhausted to the atmosphere. A lube oil tank over-pressure alarm is included. The lube oil vent separatoris mounted on the oil tank vent. Some visible mist maybe present at the outlet piping.Drain Line Sight Glasses. Sight glasses are includedin the combined lube oil drain line from the No. 2 andNo. 3 gas turbine bearings, as well as in the generatorlube oil drain lines.Lube Oil Vent Flame Trap. (Optional) A lube oil ventflame trap can be provided to prevent an ignitionsource from entering the lube oil tank. The vent flametrap is loose shipped for field installation by others.

25

Typical Simplified Lube Oil System (second level instrumentation not shown)

E

SP130PG-010M

TANKHEATER

TANKFILL

OIL TANK DRAIN

SIGHTLEVELINDICATOR

* The main reduction gear is physically located on top of and drains directly into the oil tank. There is no drain "line."** Lube oil cooler system is mounted offskid. Customer has choice of air-to-oil or water-to-oil heat exchanger.

GEARBOXDRAIN*

DUPLEX LUBE OIL FILTER (optional)

GEARBOXDRAIN*

TW RTD

Legend

A Air Main Oil Path

Liters (gallons) mm (in.) from bottom of tankNormal Operational Level 3407 (900) 474 (18.68)Low Level Alarm 2839 (750) 399 (15.72)Low Level Shutdown 2457 (649) 348 (13.72)

V

FILTERTRANSFER

ALVE

MAIN LUBE OILHEADERFLOW

GAUGE

DRAIN TO LUBE OIL TANK

GENERATOR

LUBE OIL DRAINRETURNS

D

D

LEVELALARMSHUTDOWNSWITCH

FLOWGAUGES

E

O O

O

D

VTANK VENTPRESSURETRANSMITTER

E

PUMPS

STRAINERS

BACKUP PRE/POST

FILTER

O

MAINLUBEPUMP

STRAINER

O

O

LUBE OILCOOLER(offskid)**

COOLERCONTROLVALVE

PRESSURECONTROLVALVE

RELIEFVALVE

OO

FILTERS

O

O

O

O

O O

D

SEAL AIRSUPPLY

A

O Oil

D Drain Electrical

O

O O

E

26

Ancillary Equipment

ENCLOSUREAn all-steel enclosure can be provided for the com-plete turbine generator. The enclosure is self-contained,weatherproof, insulated, sound-attenuated, andassembled on the gas turbine package skid base.

Drawings showing basic features of the enclosureand range of support equipment offered are available.

The enclosure is constructed with a one-piece solidroof and nonremovable side panels. Enclosure doorsare provided in key locations for access to majorcomponents requiring inspection and maintenanceand for component removal by forklift and overheadcrane. The wall area of the gas turbine provides bi-folded doors that open to provide access andclearance for turbine and gearbox removal. Theenclosure walls and roof are treated wtih fiberglassmaterial for noise attentuation and thermal insulation.The enclosure is constructed to support a roof load of50 lb/ft2 and to withstand a wind load of 161 km/h(100 mph).

All ferrous metal surfaces are painted a grey finishto match the color of the skid and gas turbineaccessories.

Standard FeaturesSound Attenuation. The sound-attenuated enclo-sure is intended for use with suitable gas turbine airinlet and exhaust silencing systems in environmentswhere low noise levels are required. The enclosureventilation openings are equipped with suitable silenc-ers to achieve maximum sound attenuation.

The actual noise reduction achieved at a specificsite depends on existing walls, barriers, equipment inclose proximity, multiple gas turbines, and otherinstallation considerations.Exterior Connections. Connections for oil tank ventlines, enclosure lights, fan wiring, fire and gasdetection/suppression systems, and gas turbine airinlet and exhaust are terminated outside the enclo-sure. These connections are defined in detail on thefinal mechanical installation drawings.Electrical System Wiring. Electrically operated andcontrolled devices incorporated in the enclosure arewired according to NEC and standard commercialwiring practices and as necessary to meet the require-ments for equipment installed in nonhazardous areas.

Typical Self-Contained, All-Steel Enclosure

SP130PG-011M

27

Ventilation Silencers. Roof-mounted, elbow-type ventsilencers with weather louvers or straight-throughvent silencers are available for the enclosure.Ventilation. The gas turbine enclosure is ventilatedusing a fan driven by two 5.6-kW (7.5-hp), three-phasemotors to provide the airflow required to ensure thatinternal air temperatures remain within acceptablelimits. Suitable openings are provided so that anadequate free flow of ventilation air is available throughthe enclosure.

Enclosure High Temperature Alarm. A heat sensor,which is separate from the fire system t