103
DESCRIPTION
1. H. 94. 21. 81. 93. 49. 91. 31. 90. 71. 39. 41. 70. 68. 2. 85. 10. 50. 80. 109. 46. 108. 97. 38. 98. 99. 78. 65. 66. 47. 22. 28. 58. 63. 59. 60. 107. 26. 64. 3. 67. 12. 103. 4. 102. 101. 88. 56. 24. 27. 20. 25. 86. 14. 23. 15. 35. 16. 17. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Lr103
No102
Md101
Fm100
Es99
Cf98
Bk97
Cm96
Am95
Pu94
Np93
U92
Pa91
Th90
Lu71
Tm69
Yb70
Er68
Ho67
Dy66
Tb65
Gd64
Eu63
Sm62
Pm61
Nd60
Pr59
Ce58
He2
Ne10
Ar18
Kr36
Xe54
Rn86
At85
I53
Br35
Cl17
F9
Po84
Te52
Se34
O8
Bi83
Sb51
As33
N7
Pb82
Tc43
Ta73
Hg80
Mt109
Hs108
Bh107
Sg106
Db105
Rf104
Ac89
La57
Hf72
W74
Re75
Os76
Ir77
Rh45
Ru44
Mo42
Nb41
V23
Li3
Fr87
Cs55
H 1
Na11
K19
Rb37
Mn25
Co27
Pd46
Au79
Cd48
Zn30
Cu29
C6
B5
Al13
S16
P15
Si14
Ge32
Sn50
Ag47
Pt78
= Internet link( )
Fe26
Ni28
Cr24
Ti22
Sc21
Zr41
Y39
Ga31
In49
Tl81
Mg12
Ca20
Sr38
Ba56
Ra88
Be4
Select an element
Other Physical DATA
Printable Periodic Tables
All of the following tables are in Acrobat PDF format. To view and print these files, you will need to install the free Adobe Acrobat Reader program on your computer. The program can be downloaded from the Adobe Website.
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ClickHere
Groups of Elements
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
*
W
W
*
Li
3
He
2
C
6
N
7
O
8
F
9
Ne
10
Na
11
B
5
Be
4
H
1
Al
13
Si
14
P
15
S
16
Cl
17
Ar
18
K
19
Ca
20
Sc
21
Ti
22
V
23
Cr
24
Mn
25
Fe
26
Co
27
Ni
28
Cu
29
Zn
30
Ga
31
Ge
32
As
33
Se
34
Br
35
Kr
36
Rb
37
Sr
38
Y
39
Zr
40
Nb
41
Mo
42
Tc
43
Ru
44
Rh
45
Pd
46
Ag
47
Cd
48
In
49
Sn
50
Sb
51
Te
52
I
53
Xe
54
Cs
55
Ba
56
Hf
72
Ta
73
W
74
Re
75
Os
76
Ir
77
Pt
78
Au
79
Hg
80
Tl
81
Pb
82
Bi
83
Po
84
At
85
Rn
86
Fr
87
Ra
88
Rf
104
Db
105
Sg
106
Bh
107
Hs
108
Mt
109
Mg
12
Ce
58
Pr
59
Nd
60
Pm
61
Sm
62
Eu
63
Gd
64
Tb
65
Dy
66
Ho
67
Er
68
Tm
69
Yb
70
Lu
71
Th
90
Pa
91
U
92
Np
93
Pu
94
Am
95
Cm
96
Bk
97
Cf
98
Es
99
Fm
100
Md
101
No
102
Lr
103
La
57
Ac
89
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
*
W
1A
2A
1A
2A
3A
4A
5A
6A
7A
8A
Alkali metals
Alkaline earth metals
Transition metals
Inner transition metals
Boron group
Carbon group
Nitrogen group
Oxygen group
Halogens
Noble gases
Hydrogen
3B 5B 6B 7B 8B 1B 2B
3A 4A 5A 6A 7A
8A
4B
Rn
86
Xe
54
Kr
36
Ar
18
Ne
10
He
2
Mt
109
Hs
108
Bh
107
Sg
106
Rf
104
Db
105
Hg
80
Au
79
Pt
78
Ir
77
Os
76
Re
75
W
74
Ta
73
Hf
72
Cd
48
Ag
47
Pd
46
Rh
45
Ru
44
Tc
43
Mo
42
Nb
41
B
5
Zr
40
Y
39
Zn
30
Cu
29
Co
27
Ni
28
Fe
26
Mn
25
Cr
24
V
23
Ti
22
Sc
21
Ac
89
Th
90
Pa
91
U
92
Np
93
Pu
94
Am
95
Cm
96
Bk
97
Cf
98
Es
99
Fm
100
Md
101
No
102
Lr
103
O
8
S
16
Se
34
Te
52
As
33
P
15
N
7
Sb
51
Bi
83
Po
84
Groups of Elements1
2
3
4
5
6
7
*
W
W
*
Li
3
C
6
F
9
Na
11
Be
4
H
1
Al
13
Si
14
Cl
17
K
19
Ca
20
Ga
31
Ge
32
Br
35
Rb
37
Sr
38
In
49
Sn
50
I
53
Cs
55
Ba
56
Tl
81
Pb
82
At
85
Fr
87
Ra
88
Mg
12
Ce
58
Pr
59
Nd
60
Pm
61
Sm
62
Eu
63
Gd
64
Tb
65
Dy
66
Ho
67
Er
68
Tm
69
Yb
70
Lu
71
La
57
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
*
W
Alkali metals
Alkaline earth metals
Transition metals
Other metals
Lanthanides
Halogens
Other non-metals
Noble gases
Actinides
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17IA IIA IIIB IVB VB VIB VIIB VIIIB IB IIB IIIA IVA VA VIA VIIA VIIIA
18
Wikipedia
ActiniumAluminumAmericiumAntimonyArgonArsenicAstatineBariumBerkeliumBerylliumBismuthBohriumBoronBromineCadmiumCesiumCalciumCaliforniumCarbonCerium
ChlorineChromiumCobaltCopperCuriumDarmstadtiumDysprosiumDubniumEinsteiniumErbiumEuropiumFermiumFluorineFranciumGadoliniumGalliumGermaniumGoldHafniumHassium
HeliumHolmium HydrogenIndiumIodineIridiumIronKryptonLanthanumLawrenciumLeadLithiumLutetiumMagnesiumManganeseMeitneriumMendeleviumMercuryMolybdenumNeodymium
Neon NeptuniumNickelNiobiumNitrogenNobeliumOsmiumOxygenPalladiumPhosphorusPlatinumPlutoniumPoloniumPotassiumPraseodymiumPromethiumProtactiniumRadiumRadonRhenium
RhodiumRoentgeniumRubidiumRutherfordiumRutheniumSamariumScandiumSeaborgiumSeleniumSiliconSilverSodiumStrontiumSulfurTantalumTechnetiumTelluriumTerbiumThalliumThorium
Thulium Tin TitaniumTungstenUnnilhexiumUnniloctiumUnnilpentiumUnnilquadiumUnnilseptiumUraniumVanadiumXenonYtterbiumYttriumZincZirconium
Elements listed Alphabetically
Printable Periodic
Table
Periodic Table
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Li
3
He
2
C
6
N
7
O
8
F
9
Ne
10
Na
11
B
5
Be
4
H
1
Al
13
Si
14
P
15
S
16
Cl
17
Ar
18
K
19
Ca
20
Sc
21
Ti
22
V
23
Cr
24
Mn
25
Fe
26
Co
27
Ni
28
Cu
29
Zn
30
Ga
31
Ge
32
As
33
Se
34
Br
35
Kr
36
Rb
37
Sr
38
Y
39
Zr
40
Nb
41
Mo
42
Tc
43
Ru
44
Rh
45
Pd
46
Ag
47
Cd
48
In
49
Sn
50
Sb
51
Te
52
I
53
Xe
54
Cs
55
Ba
56
Hf
72
Ta
73
W
74
Re
75
Os
76
Ir
77
Pt
78
Au
79
Hg
80
Tl
81
Pb
82
Bi
83
Po
84
At
85
Rn
86
Fr
87
Ra
88
Rf
104
Db
105
Sg
106
Bh
107
Hs
108
Mt
109
Mg
12
Ce
58
Pr
59
Nd
60
Pm
61
Sm
62
Eu
63
Gd
64
Tb
65
Dy
66
Ho
67
Er
68
Tm
69
Yb
70
Lu
71
Th
90
Pa
91
U
92
Np
93
Pu
94
Am
95
Cm
96
Bk
97
Cf
98
Es
99
Fm
100
Md
101
No
102
Lr
103
La
57
Ac
89
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
1A
2A
Alkali metals
Alkaline earth metals
Transition metals
Boron group
Nonmetals
Noble gases
3B 5B 6B 7B 8B 1B 2B
3A 4A 5A 6A 7A
8A
4B
Lanthanoid Series
6
7Actinoid Series
C Solid
Br Liquid
H Gas
Dutch Periodic Table
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115116
117 118
Strong, Journal of Chemical Education, Sept. 1989, page 743
Chinese Periodic Table
http://www.limestone.on.ca/ibuild/davies/chinesept.html
Stowe’s Periodic Table
Benfrey’s Periodic Table
developed by Mohd Abubakr, Hyderabad, India
How to Organize Elements… Periodic Table Designs
P
Zn As
Sb
Pt Bi
Midd. -1700
Cr Mn
Li
K
N O F
Na
BBe
H
Al Si Cl
Ca Ti V Co Ni Se Br
Sr Y Zr Nb Mo Rh Pd Cd Te I
Ba Ta W Os Ir
Mg
Ce Tb Er
Th U
1735-1843
Discovering the Periodic Table
C
S
Fe Cu
Ag Sn
Au Hg Pb
Ancient Times
He
Sc Ga Ge
Rb Ru In
Cs Tl
Pr Nd Sm Gd Dy Ho Tm Yb
La
1843-1886 Ne
Ar
Kr
Xe
Po Rn
Ra
Eu Lu
Pa
Ac
1894-1918
Tc
Hf Re At
Fr
Pm
Np Pu Am Cm Bk Cf Es Fm Md No Lr
1923-1961
Rf Db Sg Bh Hs Mt
1965-
Journal of Chemical Education, Sept. 1989
Metals and Nonmetals
Li
3
He
2
C
6
N
7
O
8
F
9
Ne
10
Na
11
B
5
Be
4
H
1
Al
13
Si
14
P
15
S
16
Cl
17
Ar
18
K
19
Ca
20
Sc
21
Ti
22
V
23
Cr
24
Mn
25
Fe
26
Co
27
Ni
28
Cu
29
Zn
30
Ga
31
Ge
32
As
33
Se
34
Br
35
Kr
36
Rb
37
Sr
38
Y
39
Zr
40
Nb
41
Mo
42
Tc
43
Ru
44
Rh
45
Pd
46
Ag
47
Cd
48
In
49
Sn
50
Sb
51
Te
52
I
53
Xe
54
Cs
55
Ba
56
Hf
72
Ta
73
W
74
Re
75
Os
76
Ir
77
Pt
78
Au
79
Hg
80
Tl
81
Pb
82
Bi
83
Po
84
At
85
Rn
86
Fr
87
Ra
88
Rf
104
Db
105
Sg
106
Bh
107
Hs
108
Mt
109
Mg
12
Ce
58
Pr
59
Nd
60
Pm
61
Sm
62
Eu
63
Gd
64
Tb
65
Dy
66
Ho
67
Er
68
Tm
69
Yb
70
Lu
71
Th
90
Pa
91
U
92
Np
93
Pu
94
Am
95
Cm
96
Bk
97
Cf
98
Es
99
Fm
100
Md
101
No
102
Lr
103
La
57
Ac
89
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
*
W
METALS
Nonmetals
Metalloids
Diatomic ElementsH2
N2 O2 F2
Cl2
Br2
I2
Tl At
S
Li
Na
K
Fr
Be
Mg
Ca
Ra
Sc
Ac
He
Ne
Ar
Kr
Rn
Ti V Cr Mn Fe Co Ni Cu Zn Ga Ge As Se
Rb Sr Y XeZr Nb Mo Tc Ru Rh Pd Ag Cd In Sn Sb Te
Cs Ba La Hf Ta W Re Os Ir Pt Au Hg Pb Bi Po
Al Si P
B C
Ce Pr Nd Pm Sm Eu Gd Tb Dy Ho Er Tm Yb Lu
Th Pa U Np Pu Am Cm Bk Cf Es Fm Md No Lr
S
Tl
Alkali Metals, Group 1H
N O F
Cl
Br
I
Li
Na
K
Fr
Be
Mg
Ca
Ra
Sc
Ac
He
Ne
Ar
Kr
Rn
Ti V Cr Mn Fe Co Ni Cu Zn Ga Ge As Se
Rb Sr Y XeZr Nb Mo Tc Ru Rh Pd Ag Cd In Sn Sb Te
Cs Ba La Hf Ta W Re Os Ir Pt Au Hg Tl Pb Bi Po At
Al Si P S
B C
Ce Pr Nd Pm Sm Eu Gd Tb Dy Ho Er Tm Yb Lu
Th Pa U Np Pu Am Cm Bk Cf Es Fm Md No Lr
Alkaline Earth Metals, Group 2H
N O F
Cl
Br
I
Li
Na
K
Fr
Be
Mg
Ca
Ra
Sc
Ac
He
Ne
Ar
Kr
Rn
Ti V Cr Mn Fe Co Ni Cu Zn Ga Ge As Se
Rb Sr Y XeZr Nb Mo Tc Ru Rh Pd Ag Cd In Sn Sb Te
Cs Ba La Hf Ta W Re Os Ir Pt Au Hg Tl Pb Bi Po At
Al Si P S
B C
Ce Pr Nd Pm Sm Eu Gd Tb Dy Ho Er Tm Yb Lu
Th Pa U Np Pu Am Cm Bk Cf Es Fm Md No Lr
Halogens, Group 17H
N O F
Cl
Br
I
Li
Na
K
Fr
Be
Mg
Ca
Ra
Sc
Ac
He
Ne
Ar
Kr
Rn
Ti V Cr Mn Fe Co Ni Cu Zn Ga Ge As Se
Rb Sr Y XeZr Nb Mo Tc Ru Rh Pd Ag Cd In Sn Sb Te
Cs Ba La Hf Ta W Re Os Ir Pt Au Hg Tl Pb Bi Po At
Al Si P S
B C
Ce Pr Nd Pm Sm Eu Gd Tb Dy Ho Er Tm Yb Lu
Th Pa U Np Pu Am Cm Bk Cf Es Fm Md No Lr
Noble Gases, Group 18H
N O F
Cl
Br
I
Li
Na
K
Fr
Be
Mg
Ca
Ra
Sc
Ac
He
Ne
Ar
Kr
Rn
Ti V Cr Mn Fe Co Ni Cu Zn Ga Ge As Se
Rb Sr Y XeZr Nb Mo Tc Ru Rh Pd Ag Cd In Sn Sb Te
Cs Ba La Hf Ta W Re Os Ir Pt Au Hg Tl Pb Bi Po At
Al Si P S
B C
Ce Pr Nd Pm Sm Eu Gd Tb Dy Ho Er Tm Yb Lu
Th Pa U Np Pu Am Cm Bk Cf Es Fm Md No Lr
Chalcogens, Group 16H
N O F
Cl
Br
I
Li
Na
K
Fr
Be
Mg
Ca
Ra
Sc
Ac
He
Ne
Ar
Kr
Rn
Ti V Cr Mn Fe Co Ni Cu Zn Ga Ge As Se
Rb Sr Y XeZr Nb Mo Tc Ru Rh Pd Ag Cd In Sn Sb Te
Cs Ba La Hf Ta W Re Os Ir Pt Au Hg Tl Pb Bi Po At
Al Si P S
B C
Ce Pr Nd Pm Sm Eu Gd Tb Dy Ho Er Tm Yb Lu
Th Pa U Np Pu Am Cm Bk Cf Es Fm Md No Lr
Pnicogens, Group 15H
N O F
Cl
Br
I
Li
Na
K
Fr
Be
Mg
Ca
Ra
Sc
Ac
He
Ne
Ar
Kr
Rn
Ti V Cr Mn Fe Co Ni Cu Zn Ga Ge As Se
Rb Sr Y XeZr Nb Mo Tc Ru Rh Pd Ag Cd In Sn Sb Te
Cs Ba La Hf Ta W Re Os Ir Pt Au Hg Tl Pb Bi Po At
Al Si P S
B C
Ce Pr Nd Pm Sm Eu Gd Tb Dy Ho Er Tm Yb Lu
Th Pa U Np Pu Am Cm Bk Cf Es Fm Md No Lr
Lanthanide SeriesH
N O F
Cl
Br
I
Li
Na
K
Fr
Be
Mg
Ca
Ra
Sc
Ac
He
Ne
Ar
Kr
Rn
Ti V Cr Mn Fe Co Ni Cu Zn Ga Ge As Se
Rb Sr Y XeZr Nb Mo Tc Ru Rh Pd Ag Cd In Sn Sb Te
Cs Ba La Hf Ta W Re Os Ir Pt Au Hg Tl Pb Bi Po At
Al Si P S
B C
Ce Pr Nd Pm Sm Eu Gd Tb Dy Ho Er Tm Yb Lu
Th Pa U Np Pu Am Cm Bk Cf Es Fm Md No Lr
La
Actinide SeriesH
N O F
Cl
Br
I
Li
Na
K
Fr
Be
Mg
Ca
Ra
Sc
Ac
He
Ne
Ar
Kr
Rn
Ti V Cr Mn Fe Co Ni Cu Zn Ga Ge As Se
Rb Sr Y XeZr Nb Mo Tc Ru Rh Pd Ag Cd In Sn Sb Te
Cs Ba La Hf Ta W Re Os Ir Pt Au Hg Tl Pb Bi Po At
Al Si P S
B C
Ce Pr Nd Pm Sm Eu Gd Tb Dy Ho Er Tm Yb Lu
Th Pa U Np Pu Am Cm Bk Cf Es Fm Md No Lr
La
La
Li
3
H
1
He
2
C
6
N
7
O
8
F
9
Ne
10
Na
11
B
5
Be
4
H
1
Al
13
Si
14
P
15
S
16
Cl
17
Ar
18
K
19
Ca
20
Sc
21
Ti
22
V
23
Cr
24
Mn
25
Fe
26
Co
27
Ni
28
Cu
29
Zn
30
Ga
31
Ge
32
As
33
Se
34
Br
35
Kr
36
Rb
37
Sr
38
Y
39
Zr
40
Nb
41
Mo
42
Tc
43
Ru
44
Rh
45
Pd
46
Ag
47
Cd
48
In
49
Sn
50
Sb
51
Te
52
I
53
Xe
54
Cs
55
Ba
56
Hf
72
Ta
73
W
74
Re
75
Os
76
Ir
77
Pt
78
Au
79
Hg
80
Tl
81
Pb
82
Bi
83
Po
84
At
85
Rn
86
Fr
87
Ra
88
Rf
104
Db
105
Sg
106
Bh
107
Hs
108
Mt
109
Mg
12
Ce
58
Pr
59
Nd
60
Pm
61
Sm
62
Eu
63
Gd
64
Tb
65
Dy
66
Ho
67
Er
68
Tm
69
Yb
70
Lu
71
Th
90
Pa
91
U
92
Np
93
Pu
94
Am
95
Cm
96
Bk
97
Cf
98
Es
99
Fm
100
Md
101
No
102
Lr
103
La
57
Ac
89
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
*
W
hydrogen
alkali metals
alkaline earth metals
transition metals
poor metals
nonmetals
noble gases
rare earth metals
http://www.elementsdatabase.com/
The Periodic Table
Li
3
He
2
C
6
N
7
O
8
F
9
Ne
10
Na
11
B
5
Be
4
H
1
Al
13
Si
14
P
15
S
16
Cl
17
Ar
18
K
19
Ca
20
Sc
21
Ti
22
V
23
Cr
24
Mn
25
Fe
26
Co
27
Ni
28
Cu
29
Zn
30
Ga
31
Ge
32
As
33
Se
34
Br
35
Kr
36
Rb
37
Sr
38
Y
39
Zr
40
Nb
41
Mo
42
Tc
43
Ru
44
Rh
45
Pd
46
Ag
47
Cd
48
In
49
Sn
50
Sb
51
Te
52
I
53
Xe
54
Cs
55
Ba
56*
Hf
72
Ta
73
W
74
Re
75
Os
76
Ir
77
Pt
78
Au
79
Hg
80
Tl
81
Pb
82
Bi
83
Po
84
At
85
Rn
86
Fr
87
Ra
88Y
Rf
104
Db
105
Sg
106
Bh
107
Hs
108
Mt
109
Mg
12
Ce
58
Pr
59
Nd
60
Pm
61
Sm
62
Eu
63
Gd
64
Tb
65
Dy
66
Ho
67
Er
68
Tm
69
Yb
70
Lu
71
Th
90
Pa
91
U
92
Np
93
Pu
94
Am
95
Cm
96
Bk
97
Cf
98
Es
99
Fm
100
Md
101
No
102
Lr
103
La
57
Ac
89
1
2
3 4 5 6 7
* Lanthanides
Y Actinides
Noblegases
Halogens
Transition metals
Alkalineearth metals
Alk
ali
me
tals
8 9 10 11 12
13 14 15 16 17
18
Uun
110
Uuu
111
Uub
112
Uuq
113
Uuh
116
Uuo
118
Orbitals Being Filled
1s
2s
3s
4s
5s
6s
7s
3d
4d
5d
6d
2p
3p
4p
5p
6p
1s
La
Ac
1
3 4 5 6 7
4f
5f
Lanthanide series
Actinide series
Groups 8
Per
iods
1 2
2
3
4
5
6
7
Zumdahl, Zumdahl, DeCoste, World of Chemistry 2002, page 345
Electron Filling in Periodic Table
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
s
d
p
s
f
*
W
W
*
Metallic Characteristicmetallic character increases
nonmetallic character increases
met
allic
cha
ract
er in
crea
ses
non
met
allic
cha
ract
er in
crea
ses
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
s
d
p
s
f
*
W
W
*
Li
3
H
1
He
2
C
6
N
7
O
8
F
9
Ne
10
Na
11
B
5
Be
4
H
1
Al
13
Si
14
P
15
S
16
Cl
17
Ar
18
K
19
Ca
20
Sc
21
Ti
22
V
23
Cr
24
Mn
25
Fe
26
Co
27
Ni
28
Cu
29
Zn
30
Ga
31
Ge
32
As
33
Se
34
Br
35
Kr
36
Rb
37
Sr
38
Y
39
Zr
40
Nb
41
Mo
42
Tc
43
Ru
44
Rh
45
Pd
46
Ag
47
Cd
48
In
49
Sn
50
Sb
51
Te
52
I
53
Xe
54
Cs
55
Ba
56
Hf
72
Ta
73
W
74
Re
75
Os
76
Ir
77
Pt
78
Au
79
Hg
80
Tl
81
Pb
82
Bi
83
Po
84
At
85
Rn
86
Fr
87
Ra
88
Rf
104
Db
105
Sg
106
Bh
107
Hs
108
Mt
109
Mg
12
Ce
58
Pr
59
Nd
60
Pm
61
Sm
62
Eu
63
Gd
64
Tb
65
Dy
66
Ho
67
Er
68
Tm
69
Yb
70
Lu
71
Th
90
Pa
91
U
92
Np
93
Pu
94
Am
95
Cm
96
Bk
97
Cf
98
Es
99
Fm
100
Md
101
No
102
Lr
103
La
57
Ac
89
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
*
W
Periodic Table
1
2
3
4
5
6
Li
180.5
He
-269.7
C
4100
N
-210.1
O
-218.8
F
-219.6
Ne
-248.6
Na
98
B
2027
Be
1283
H
-259.2
Al
660
Si
1423
P
44.2
S
119
Cl
-101
Ar
-189.6
K
63.2
Ca
850
Sc
1423
Ti
1677
V
1917
Cr
1900
Mn
1244
Fe
1539
Co
1495
Ni
1455
Cu
1083
Zn
420
Ga
29.78
Ge
960
As
817
Se
217.4
Br
-7.2
Kr
-157.2
Rb
38.8
Sr
770
Y
1500
Zr
1852
Nb
2487
Mo
2610
Tc
2127
Ru
2427
Rh
1966
Pd
1550
Ag
961
Cd
321
In
156.2
Sn
231.9
Sb
630.5
Te
450
I
113.6
Xe
-111.9
Cs
28.6
Ba
710
Hf
2222
Ta
2997
W
3380
Re
3180
Os
2727
Ir
2454
Pt
1769
Au
1063
Hg
-38.9
Tl
303.6
Pb
327.4
Bi
271.3
Po
254
At Rn
-71
Mg
650
Mg
650
1
2
3
4
5
6
Melting Points
SymbolMelting point oC
> 3000 oC 2000 - 3000 oC
La
920
Ralph A. Burns, Fundamentals of Chemistry , 1999, page 1999
1
2
3
4
5
6
W
Li
0.53
He
0.126
C
2.26
N
0.81
O
1.14
F
1.11
Ne
1.204
Na
0.97
B
2.5
Be
1.8
H
0.071
Al
2.70
Si
2.4
P
1.82w
S
2.07
Cl
1.557
Ar
1.402
K
0.86
Ca
1.55
Sc
(2.5)
Ti
4.5
V
5.96
Cr
7.1
Mn
7.4
Fe
7.86
Co
8.9
Ni
8.90
Cu
8.92
Zn
7.14
Ga
5.91
Ge
5.36
As
5,7
Se
4.7
Br
3.119
Kr
2.6
Rb
1.53
Sr
2.6
Y
5.51
Zr
6.4
Nb
8.4
Mo
10.2
Tc
11.5
Ru
12.5
Rh
12.5
Pd
12.0
Ag
10.5
Cd
8.6
In
7.3
Sn
7.3
Sb
6.7
Te
6.1
I
4.93
Xe
3.06
Cs
1.90
Ba
3.5
Hf
13.1
Ta
16.6
W
19.3
Re
21.4
Os
22.48
Ir
22.4
Pt
21.45
Au
19.3
Hg
13.55
Tl
11.85
Pb
11.34
Bi
9.8
Po
9.4
At
---
Rn
4.4
Mg
1.74
1
2
3
4
5
6
Densities of Elements
Mg
1.74
SymbolDensity in g/cm3C, for gases, in g/L
8.0 – 11.9 g/cm3 12.0 – 17.9 g/cm3 > 18.0 g/cm3
La
6.7
1
2
3
4
5
6
1
2
3
4
5
6
Electronegativities
7
Be
1.5
Al
1.5
Si
1.8
Ti
1.5
V
1.6
Cr
1.6
Mn
1.5
Fe
1.8
Co
1.8
Ni
1.8
Cu
1.9
Zn
1.7
Ga
1.6
Ge
1.8
Nb
1.6
Mo
1.8
Tc
1.9
Ag
1.9
Cd
1.7
In
1.7
Sn
1.8
Sb
1.9
Ta
1.5
W
1.7
Re
1.9
Hg
1.9
Tl
1.8
Pb
1.8
Bi
1.9
1.5 - 1.9
N
3.0
O
3.5
F
4.0
Cl
3.0
3.0 - 4.0
C
2.5
S
2.5
Br
2.8
I
2.5
2.5 - 2.9
Na
0.9
K
0.8
Rb
0.8
Cs
0.7
Ba
0.9
Fr
0.7
Ra
0.9
Below 1.0
H
2.1
B
2.0
P
2.1
As
2.0
Se
2.4
Ru
2.2
Rh
2.2
Pd
2.2
Te
2.1
Os
2.2
Ir
2.2
Pt
2.2
Au
2.4
Po
2.0
At
2.2
2.0 - 2.4
Per
iod
Actinides: 1.3 - 1.5
Li
1.0
Ca
1.0
Sc
1.3
Sr
1.0
Y
1.2
Zr
1.4
Hf
1.3
Mg
1.2
La
1.1
Ac
1.1
1.0 - 1.4
Lanthanides: 1.1 - 1.3
*
*y
y
1A
2A
3B 4B 5B 6B 7B 1B 2B
3A 4A 5A 6A 7A
8A
Hill, Petrucci, General Chemistry An Integrated Approach 2nd Edition, page 373
8B
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
s
d
p
s
f
*
W
W
*
Electron Filling in Periodic Table
Li
2s1
H
1s1
He
1s2
C
2p2
N
2p3
O
2p4
F
2p5
Ne
2p6
Na
3s1
B
2p1
Be
2s2
H
1s1
Al
3p1
Si
3p2
P
3p3
S
3p4
Cl
3p5
Ar
3p6
K
4s1
Ca
4s2
Sc
3d1
Ti
3d2
V
3d3
Cr
3d5
Mn
3d5
Fe
3d6
Co
3d7
Ni
3d8
Cu
3d10
Zn
3d10
Ga
4p1
Ge
4p2
As
4p3
Se
4p4
Br
4p5
Kr
4p6
Rb
5s1
Sr
5s2
Y
4d1
Zr
4d2
Nb
4d4
Mo
4d5
Tc
4d6
Ru
4d7
Rh
4d8
Pd
4d10
Ag
4d10
Cd
4p1
In
5p1
Sn
5p2
Sb
5p3
Te
5p4
I
5p5
Xe
5p6
Cs
6s1
Ba
6s2
Hf
5d2
Ta
5d3
W
5d4
Re
5d5
Os
5d6
Ir
5d7
Pt
5d9
Au
5d10
Hg
5d10
Tl
6p1
Pb
6p2
Bi
6p3
Po
6p4
At
6p5
Rn
6p6
Fr
7s1
Ra
7s2
Rf
6d2
Db
6d3
Sg
6d4
Bh
6d5
Hs
6d6
Mt
6d7
Mg
3s2
Ce
4f2
Pr
4f3
Nd
4f4
Pm
4f5
Sm
4f6
Eu
4f7
Gd
4f7
Tb
4f9
Dy
4f10
Ho
4f11
Er
4f12
Tm
4f13
Yb
4f14
Lu
4f114
Th
6d2
Pa
5f2
U
5f3
Np
5f4
Pu
5f6
Am
5f7
Cm
5f7
Bk
5f8
Cf
5f10
Es
5f11
Fm
5f14
Md
5f13
No
5f14
Lr
5f14
La
5d1
Ac
6d1
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
s
d
p
s
f
*
W
W
*
Atomic Radii
Li
Na
K
Rb
Cs
ClSPSiAl
BrSeAsGeGa
ITeSbSnIn
Tl Pb Bi
Mg
Ca
Sr
Ba
Be FONCB
1.52 1.11
1.86 1.60
2.31 1.97
2.44 2.15
2.62 2.17
0.88 0.77 0.70 0.66 0.64
1.43 1.17 1.10 1.04 0.99
1.22 1.22 1.21 1.17 1.14
1.62 1.40 1.41 1.37 1.33
1.71 1.75 1.46
IA IIA IIIA IVA VA VIA VIIA
= 1 Angstrom
Atomic Radii of Representative Elements (nm)
LeMay Jr, Beall, Robblee, Brower, Chemistry Connections to Our Changing World , 1996, page 175
Li
Na
K
Rb
Cs
ClSPSiAl
BrSeAsGeGa
ITeSbSnIn
Tl Pb Bi
Mg
Ca
Sr
Ba
Be FONCB
0.1.52 0.111
0.186 0.160
0.231 0.197
0.244 0.215
0.262 0.217
0.088 0.077 0.070 0.066 0.064
0.143 0.117 0.110 0.104 0.099
0.122 0.122 0.121 0.117 0.114
0.162 0.140 0.141 0.137 0.133
0.171 0.175 0.146 0.140 0.140
1A 2A 3A 4A 5A 6A 7A
AtPo
Atomic Radii
Li
Na
K
Rb
Cs
ClSPSiAl
BrSeAsGeGa
ITeSbSnIn
Tl Pb Bi
Mg
Ca
Sr
Ba
Be FONCB
1.52 1.11
1.86 1.60
2.31 1.97
2.44 2.15
2.62 2.17
0.88 0.77 0.70 0.66 0.64
1.43 1.17 1.10 1.04 0.99
1.22 1.22 1.21 1.17 1.14
1.62 1.40 1.41 1.37 1.33
1.71 1.75 1.46
IA IIA IIIA IVA VA VIA VIIA
= 1 Angstrom
0.60 0.31
0.95 0.65
1.33 0.99
1.48 1.13
1.69 1.35
1.71 1.40 1.36
0.50 1.84 1.81
0.62 1.98 1.85
0.81 2.21 2.16
0.95
IA IIA IIIA IVA VA VIA VIIA
= 1 Angstrom
Li1+ Be2+
Na1+ Mg2+
Ba2+
Sr2+
Ca2+K1+
Rb1+
Cs1+
Cl1-
N3- O2- F1-
S2-
Se2- Br1-
Te2- I1-
Al3+
Ga3+
In3+
Tl3+
Ionic Radii
1
2
3
4
5
6
1
2
3
4
5
6
Ionization Energies
7
Be
900
Al
578
Si
787
Ti
659
V
651
Cr
653
Mn
717
Fe
762
Co
760
Ni
737
Cu
746
Zn
906
Ga
579
Ge
762
Nb
652
Mo
684
Tc
702
Ag
731
Cd
868
In
558
Sn
709
Sb
834
Ta
761
W
770
Re
760
Hg
1007
Tl
589
Pb
716
Bi
703
N
1402
O
1314
F
1681
Cl
1251
C
1086
S
1000
Br
1140
I
1008
Na
496
K
419
Rb
403
Cs
376
Ba
503
Fr
--
Ra
509
H
1312
B
801
P
1012
As
947
Se
941
Ru
710
Rh
720
Pd
804
Te
869
Os
839
Ir
878
Pt
868
Au
890
Po
812
At
--
Per
iod
Actinide series
Li
520
Ca
590
Sc
633
Sr
550
Y
600
Zr
640
Hf
659
Mg
738
La
538
Ac
490
Lanthanide series
*
*
y
y
Group 1
2
3 4 5 6 7 11 12
13 14 15 16 17
18
9
Ne
2081
Ar
1521
Kr
1351
Xe
1170
Rn
1038
He
2372
Rf
--
Db
--
Sg
--
Bh
--
Hs
--
Mt
--
Ce
534
Pr
527
Nd
533
Pm
536
Sm
545
Eu
547
Gd
592
Tb
566
Dy
573
Ho
581
Er
589
Tm
597
Yb
603
Lu
523
Th
587
Pa
570
U
598
Np
600
Pu
585
Am
578
Cm
581
Bk
601
Cf
608
Es
619
Fm
627
Md
635
No
642
Lr
--
Ds
--
Uub
--
Uut
--
Uuq
--
Uup
--
Uuu
--
Uuo
--
Mg
738
Symbol
First Ionization Energy (kJ/mol)
8 10
First Ionization Energies(in kilojoules per mole)
H1312.1
Li520.3
Na495.9
K418.9
Be899.5
Mg737.8
Ca589.9
B800.7
Al577.6
Ga578.6
C1086.5
Si786.5
Ge761.2
N1402.4
P1011.8
As946.5
O1314.0
S999.7
Se940.7
F1681.1
Cl1251.2
Br1142.7
Ne2080.8
Ar1520.6
Kr1350.8
He2372.5
Rb402.9
Sr549.2
In558.2
Sn708.4
Sb833.8
Te869.0
I1008.7
Xe1170.3
Smoot, Price, Smith, Chemistry A Modern Course 1987, page 188
First Ionization Energies(kJ/mol)
H1312.1
Li520.3
Na495.9
K418.9
Be899.5
Mg737.8
Ca589.9
B800.7
Al577.6
Ga578.6
C1086.5
Si786.5
Ge761.2
N1402.4
P1011.8
As946.5
O1314.0
S999.7
Se940.7
F1681.1
Cl1251.2
Br1142.7
Ne2080.8
Ar1520.6
Kr1350.8
He2372.5
Rb402.9
Sr549.2
In558.2
Sn708.4
Sb833.8
Te869.0
I1008.7
Xe1170.3
Smoot, Price, Smith, Chemistry A Modern Course 1987, page 188
s p
Ionization Energies (kJ/mol)Element
Na
Mg
Al
Si
P
S
Cl
Ar
Herron, Frank, Sarquis, Sarquis, Cchrader, Kulka, Chemistry 1996, Heath, page
1st
498
736
577
787
1063
1000
1255
1519
2nd
4560
1445
1815
1575
1890
2260
2295
2665
3rd
6910
7730
2740
3220
2905
3375
3850
3945
4th
9540
10,600
11,600
4350
4950
4565
5160
5770
5th
13,400
13,600
15,000
16,100
6270
6950
6560
7320
6th
16,600
18,000
18,310
19,800
21,200
8490
9360
8780
Shaded area on table denotes core electrons.
Ionization Energies (kJ/mol)Element
Na
Mg
Al
Si
P
S
Cl
Ar
Herron, Frank, Sarquis, Sarquis, Cchrader, Kulka, Chemistry 1996, Heath, page
1st
498
736
577
787
1063
1000
1255
1519
2nd
4560
1445
1815
1575
1890
2260
2295
2665
3rd
6910
7730
2740
3220
2905
3375
3850
3945
4th
9540
10,600
11,600
4350
4950
4565
5160
5770
5th
13,400
13,600
15,000
16,100
6270
6950
6560
7320
6th
16,600
18,000
18,310
19,800
21,200
8490
9360
8780
Shaded area on table denotes core electrons.
Essential Elements
Li
3
He
2
C
6
N
7
O
8
F
9
Ne
10
Na
11
B
5
Be
4
H
1
Al
13
Si
14
P
15
S
16
Cl
17
Ar
18
K
19
Ca
20
Sc
21
Ti
22
V
23
Cr
24
Mn
25
Fe
26
Co
27
Ni
28
Cu
29
Zn
30
Ga
31
Ge
32
As
33
Se
34
Br
35
Kr
36
Rb
37
Sr
38
Y
39
Zr
40
Nb
41
Mo
42
Tc
43
Ru
44
Rh
45
Pd
46
Ag
47
Cd
48
In
49
Sn
50
Sb
51
Te
52
I
53
Xe
54
Cs
55
Ba
56
Hf
72
Ta
72
W
74
Re
75
Os
76
Ir
77
Pt
78
Au
79
Hg
80
Tl
81
Pb
82
Bi
83
Po
84
At
85
Rn
86
Mg
12
La
57
Elements in organic matter
Major minerals
Trace elements
Davis, Metcalfe, Williams, Castka, Modern Chemistry, 1999, page 748
Oxidation State of Elements
Se2-
Te2-
1
2
3
4
5
6
1
2
3
4
5
6
Al3+
Zn2+
Ag1+
N3- O2- F1-
Cl1-S2-
Br1-
I1-
Per
iod
Be2+
Na+
K+
Rb+
Cs+ Ba2+
H+
Li+
Ca2+
Sr2+
Mg2+
Group 1
2 13 14 15 16 17
18
NOBLE
GASES
Transition metals
Orbitals Being Filled
1
3 4 5 6 7
Groups 8
2
F1-
Br1-
I1-
Cl1-
Transition metals form cationswith various charges.
O2-
S2-
Se2-
Te2-
Be2+
Te2-
Te2-
Te2-
Te2-
Li1+
Na1+
K1+
Rb1+
Cs1+
Al3+
Ga3+
In3+
Zn2+
Ag1+
Summary of Periodic Trends
Ionic size (cations) Ionic size (anions)decreases decreases
Shielding is constantAtomic radius decreasesIonization energy increasesElectronegativity increasesNuclear charge increases
Nu
clea
r ch
arg
e in
crea
ses
Sh
ield
ing
in
crea
ses
Ato
mic
rad
ius
incr
ease
sIo
nic
siz
e in
crea
ses
Ion
izat
ion
en
erg
y d
ecre
ases
Ele
ctro
neg
ativ
ity
dec
reas
es
1A
2A 3A 4A 5A 6A 7A
0
Li
3
H
1
He
2
C
6
N
7
O
8
F
9
Ne
10
Na
11
B
5
Be
4
H
1
Al
13
Si
14
P
15
S
16
Cl
17
Ar
18
K
19
Ca
20
Sc
21
Ti
22
V
23
Cr
24
Mn
25
Fe
26
Co
27
Ni
28
Cu
29
Zn
30
Ga
31
Ge
32
As
33
Se
34
Br
35
Kr
36
Rb
37
Sr
38
Y
39
Zr
40
Nb
41
Mo
42
Tc
43
Ru
44
Rh
45
Pd
46
Ag
47
Cd
48
In
49
Sn
50
Sb
51
Te
52
I
53
Xe
54
Cs
55
Ba
56
Hf
72
Ta
73
W
74
Re
75
Os
76
Ir
77
Pt
78
Au
79
Hg
80
Tl
81
Pb
82
Bi
83
Po
84
At
85
Rn
86
Fr
87
Ra
88
Rf
104
Db
105
Sg
106
Bh
107
Hs
108
Mt
109
Mg
12
Ce
58
Pr
59
Nd
60
Pm
61
Sm
62
Eu
63
Gd
64
Tb
65
Dy
66
Ho
67
Er
68
Tm
69
Yb
70
Lu
71
Th
90
Pa
91
U
92
Np
93
Pu
94
Am
95
Cm
96
Bk
97
Cf
98
Es
99
Fm
100
Md
101
No
102
Lr
103
La
57
Ac
89
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
*
W