104, Shd Street,Doomfontein,JOHANNES HJRO.

October 1 1 t h ., 1942.

Tie Editor,"The Star",President Street,JOHANNESBURG.

Sir,

"-FACTORS IN KAH VE CRIME."

Allow me the opportunity of replying to Mr. J . S .Marwick for whos® long public service I aave great regard.

In a letter in the '•Star'* of the 7th October, 1942, he writes that "I understand that in the course of a recent lecture on "Factors in Native Crime” delivered in Johannesburg, Dr. Zuma took me to task for certain warnings I had uttered in the House of Assembly in April last against the growth of Native lawlessness in Johannesburg and Dur—ban" ............. .. "Dr. Zuma in endeavouring to contest my suggestions formeasures for the control of the natives in connection with Civilian Protective Services maintained that the native is naturally law-abiding" . . . . . . "I think I may modestly claim to have had more useful experiencethan Dr.Zuma can have had in restraining and guiding excited and riotous natives in tiroes of public stress".

I believe I am justified in saying that Mr. Warwick's informant did us botn an injustice in tiat ;ie must inve taken my statements out of uieir context and filled up tie void from ois own impression to complete the story. A dangerous but common tendency with certain re­porters. I therefore, sympathise with Mr. Marwick for defending against, and attacking, an enemy in me that never existed. I believ- i f he had heard the lecture he would have found no cause for the letter he wrote.

I neither 'endeavoured to contest' Mr. Marwick’ s suggestions nor 'took him to task'. What I did do was to read in a cutting from the "Rand Daily Mail" of April 18th, 1942, Mr. Marwick's suggestions re the Outbreak of Crime in Johannesburg and Durban and the control of Natives by C .P .S . and also Dr. Colin Steyn's statement as reported that "The Minister of Justice said that apart from subversive act! vi ti ss, crime was below normal, but he agreed that there had been a wave oi crime ino ohannesburg. A gang had been caught consisting of two Europeans, two

Natives, and a m in t sc to whom 27 thefts have been at trlbuted. Th e

police were making close investigation into robberies." I read Mr.

MarYick's suggestion to point out that there rre people, who judged by their statements or recommendations, seem to imply that toe Ax’rican is the only criminal in South Africa and that all measures of control

and protection against crime must be designed for,and ’ce applied on, the African and on him alone. Tie kinister's statement v” .s quoted to show that toe contrary was true, namely, that crime was committed alike by all races in South Africa and that in fairness and in justice, ther< fore, all measures intended for the control of, prevention of, crime o

for the protection of the public against criminals av d criminal acts, should be applied against all criminals or potential criminals irresp«

tive of race or colour.

I f Mr. Marwick still doubts that crime is no monopoly of any race

or colour in Sou to Africa, 1 must, for lack of space, request him toread "Police 'B litz ' on Crime Nets Hundreds" wiich appeared in the "Sun­day Times" of October 4th ., 19*2.

I -iiust concede wi to uue deference th"’t I do not and caooot claim

tie loti£ experience of mir. Warwick's. i&jt even long experience may and

can/...........

can be a disadvs.otsg* i f It worship?; the good old days and is not brought abreast ?/i th current events and present day trends. Mr. Mnrwlok tells us of how he dealt, wl th the natives during the’Jameson Raid’ and ‘ the Boer War’ . Tiat was nearly tro generations ago. Progress has been made even in South Africa and the African oas moved with it . Ie is a child of If €t~ivlronroert. [is attitude and outlook have changed and are chan­ging. it would be lack of imagination, toerefore, to deal with the

grandsons of toe natives of tie 'Jameson fetid* and toe 'Boer Aar' accor­ding to Victorian and Republican ideas and expect to get tie same res­ponse or meet w ito toe game success.

Sir, the greatest value of ..r, liarwlck ? s letter was the bringing out of his strange and unbelievable views on the establishment of Kative 'Yade Uninns and toe total abolition of Pass Laws from a gentle­man of such long public service. I f Trade Unions have proved the best means of improving the working conditions and standards of living among woi te rorkers in South Africa as in all civilised countries, they should, I contend^be established for all other workers in South Africa including the African. I f "pass regulations" prevent crime and protect the public against native criminals, then toey should be applied to Buropeansj/fcnd Kon-Suropeans alike, and they might even be offered as an invention of South Africa, to all nations and races of the world since they all have the crime problem even without the native of South Africa. Pass regu­lations are an instrument of exploitation of the African. They do not prevent crime but may initiate criminal careers.

I stand for tie establisiment of Afiican Trade Unions and the abo­lition of pass laws, and I ara oappv tp_say toat 1 am in company wi th a

growing intelligent; fair-mind^djferoup of white South Africans of both races including members of parliament and Cabinet Ministers.

That devoted South African patriot and vl sionary^Fleld Marshal the lonour&ble J.C.Smuts has given the lead to South A f r i c a *hen he said to the United Party Youth Congress In Fr^toria "I am all for reform - par­liamentary reform, social reform. My experience has beer such as to convince me that there are many things wrong here. The young people growing up should inherit a better world than the one we'old stagers are bequeathing them."

This is prophetic wisdom and statesiaansnlp which wt expect from kr. Warwick as well. H_i t kr. aiarwick concludes ois letter by saying

"I ara opposed to the two courses action ( the establishment of native trace uni m s , and t it total abolition of toe pass regulations) recommeo4r ed and, i f toe government should be so ill-advised as to adopt toem 1 siall point out tie dangers involved at a suitable opportunity."

kay I say,) in conclusion, that some of us are roirg to see to it that Piell Marshal Srauts’ s policy is carried out and that South Africa inherits the legacy he bequeaths to us because up Forth our boys, white

and black, ere falling together for King and Country that we may be free, and further, " i f the government should be so ill-advised as to" be in ­timidated by the opposition r. Marwick may make against these long overdue reforme which South Africa must meke I f she is "fighting for democracy, Christianity and human decency", South Africa will have

morally forfleted her seat at the peace-table on the side of the Unittsd nations and the cause of human freedom and justice.

I am convinced with Thors ten Sellin that "we are prone to judge ourselves by our best traits and strangers by toeir worst."

A. B. XU-1A.

ABX/pd.

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From Miss Hayman

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REF. TO 35/E .

12th October, 1942.

Your Ref. N .A .S . 3 /3 0 /2

The Director,Non-European Array Services, 3 Artillery Row,PRETORIA.Tvl.

Dear Sir,

RE: JOSIAH KEKAKA (N. 1986 9 ) (DISCHARGED).

I have to acknowledge receipt of your letter of the 18th

September, for which I thank you.

I shall be grateful if you will advise me further in regard

to any payments that are habitually made to discharged Coloureds

and Africans to cover the purchase of tools, etc. on their return

to c iv il life and employment.

Yours faithfully ,

RH/MBVMISS R. HAYMAN

LEGAL AID BUREAU

ex.

The Bantu World. / -14 th. October, 1942.

Dr. A.B.Xtfma,President- General, N .A .O .

85Toby St ;Sophiatown.

S i r * For National interest and freedom I think if you could consider the

e s ta b lis h m e n t^ agupurely Afrioan Newspaper Youj the Sre8test thin—g- to o rg g n ise w w lr xo a BODY. -nmo mo

It. is time the Africans have their own paper. It is high time somebenevolent and far- sighted Aftiopn c$me to the salvation of his people in

the form as here above suggested,Africans must h a v e their own P&Per where thwywill express their own views freely without being biassed by t..e prejudicedEuropean domination, whose commercial attitude is to suppress any news infavour of the betterment of the lot of the African; and no Whiteman

ever be otherwise as long as colour bar, European domination over the poorVfricen and exploitation is the’ common principle practised in the maintainance _

of race ^ ^ g r e ^ w a r e Sir , of the non-existence of an African press- the

s o - C B lle d African in the run is only African by name just for commercial Pur­poses The policy governing these papers is all European, crude, prejudiced and oppresive to the free thinking H and free writing of the ever oppressed Africa

It is dear Doctor, a thousand and one pitties that even the "Imvon the oldest Bantu journal has become Bantu by name.The transfer of this paper

from the management of the Jabavu's to it,s present managers and Directors has leorpadised its free publication of peoples^ views and suppresses same; also this transfer is obscure and mysterious to its circulation, and its present policy has aroused much concern and digust to its s u p p o r t e r s .Were there a pure­ly African journal rivalling these it would be no d if f ic u lt y © maintain its

fltronff Buotiort. This is your chance , Dr. XumalI would right here ventxire to suggest that should you consider this

oro-oosition the policy governing it should be that that w ill perm it freedom o expression an d that its co-editors should be/# expert speakers ox their re

plctivl languages, and that wide scope should be given to people's views.I so much desire to have sn interview with you on this propositir

The Controller of Paper may be opposed to the publication of a new journalyv

the plan is worth considering now.Sincerely yours,

Hudson H.T.Marwede.

42, 9th Street and 4th Avenue,

Benoni Location,

Benoni.

p * -a v V 1 4 / 1 0 / 42.D-*-. A.BJCuma.

President General,

African National Congress, A , s *c/o . Health Committee, r t » A * £ /

Alexandra Township,Johannesburg.

Doctor,

I have much pleasure to inform you that you have been appointed

to lead a Beputation of the Beef Mative. Advisory Boards’ Conference

which is the representative of Pretoria, Heidelberg and Bloemfontien.

to make Representation before the Pretoria City Council and Ministers

of i.ative Affairs and Bducation, respectively.

Items of representations being:-

(a) Native Teachers being p-hibited f-orn being voted for, as members of the Native Advisory Boards exeept only that- they can be nominated by the local authority to snch Boards.

(b-} That the Biniste^ of Native

Affairs should be played to rgcind Proclamation H 5 / 3 8 . and that he

should consider the question of housing of Urban Africans in Ur’nan -

Centres as provided for under the Sub-Economic and Economic chemes. and the Abolition of •is iting Permits.

I may point out that, letters

have already been written to these Bepartments seeking such Bepresenta

the replies of which you w ill be informed of as soon as possible.

Thanking you for your kind

acceptance.

Yours respectfully,

J e t A .

ppf secretary .

" C f £ r J u ' A B Y - c

if, R. C , ELiiC'PIO® COeiM!TI'EE,14th October 1942. p - 0° Box 4179,

Johannesburg.

Dear Friends,

. . I am glad to inf on . you that of the five candidates whoorigina]—y contested for the Urban seat in the Native Representative Council, for the Transvaal and O .F .S . , three

Fow that these candidates have fallen out the contest is between Mr. Mosaka and myself. Mr* Mosaka is uncertain about his success in bne Urban Areas, .ie has t lerefore al? accepted the candidature for the rural areas. He accepted nomination for the rural ares.s because he realised that bis chances in ti:- urban sreas sre limited.

He knew that the majority of the Advisory Boards which nominate^ him did so against the mandate of their electors and the wishes of the people on nose behali vie}, nave to vote. ie Inew tha.”/ sooner ov later the members of the Advisory Boards who were t-rvinV to fovce him through, against the wishes of the people, would be forced to choose between seeing him through the bac1 door and their own "0sitions as members of the Advisory Boards.

While Mr. Mosaka has now accepted nomination for the rural areas, he is also contesting the urban seat. This is the reason wny I nave not been declared elected unop sed. acceotfor both positions because he wants to be elected at all costs. this way he i s _taking chances and. is likely to lose both., He has taken the’ two positions because he has found that his trick of frightening people with the word "Communist" no longer works ; and that the fac a Communist is no discredit, but an honour to me.

Some people who saw the nomination figures which the Umteteli wa Ban“bun prinxed against; *une ,?neclff Mr. L . T, • • I o f*utsany ana,

must have been_bluffed into the belief that the fi ht was over. But those who are in the field , including Mr. Mosaka' s“o.wn suroorters, know that things are not so glorious as the " Jmteteli" would have us believe ano tnat the election results will produce £ change.

Where do you stand, with your people ? Are thev for me or for i.lr. Mosaka ? Have you consulted the tax-payers in )ur location ; if nots why not ? Are you going to vote according to their wishes or according to their own desires?

Vote for a man who will fight for free votes for all tax­payers. Any man who is elected against th- /isixes of the veoule will not iignt for free voting by the people. He will defend the bad system whicn placed him m the position of s Councillor.

Do not help the law which deprived our people of their voting rights. Vote for the man your poo pie instruct you to vote for I

Yours faithfully,

Edwin Thab o kofutsan./ana.

TO ALL MEMBERS OF THE ADVISORY BOARDS OF THE a, D O .k .S .

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UNION OF SOUTH AFRICA

DEPARTMENT OF DEFENCE

< PRETORIA.

Office of the

DIRECTOR NON EUROPEAN ARMY SERVICES 3 Artillery Row,

Pretoria. 10th September, 1942

Director,Legal Aid Bureau,New Magi st rat e 1e C ourt s ,JOHANNESBURG.

Madam,

With reference to your letter 35/E dated 15 /9 /4 2 , I have to advise you that as regards the question of employment you should approach the Director of Native Labour, who will assist you.Members of the Native Military Corps are asked before discharge whether they require employment to be found for them, and if they do so wish they are not discharged until they have been placed. In many cases, however, although details state they do not want employ­ment prior to discharge, they later find themselves without means of support. In such cases this Directorate endeavours to help the detail concerned through the Magistrate or Native Commissioner, but obviously when once soldiers have returned to civil life the Military Authorities have little power to help or guide them, and are depen­dent to a.large extent on the co-operation of individuals or organi­sations such as you represent.

The monies due to a detail on discharge are in the first place his ordinary pay; his deferred pay in the case of a man without dependents; and gratuities payable on discharge consisting of a payment of £2 in the case of natives, and £3 in the case of members of the Cape Corps and Indian and Malay Corps; and payment in lieu of leave. Enquiries regarding these payments should be made to Paymaster, N .M .C , , Welgedacht, in cases concerning the Native M ili­tary Corps, and the Branch Paymaster, Beaconsfield, or the Branch Paymaster,: Crown Mines, in cases concerning the Cape Corps and Indian and Malay Corps respectively.

In the second place monies due are those due In terms of the Pensions Act. As you are aware, this Act is very detailed and no useful prupose can be served by endeavouring to condense or generalise its provisions. I may, however, state for your information, that applications for Pension should be addressed to the Commissioner of Pensions, Pretoria, and that details of the soldiers service, reasons for his discharge, e tc ., necessary for substantiating the application can be obtained from Officer in Charge, Native War Records, Welgedacht in the case of members of the N .M .C. and A .G . (W .R .) in the case of members of the Cape Corps and Indian and. Malay Corps.

Yours faithfully ,

(SIGNED) A. RODSETH, Capa.

for COLONEL. DIRECTOR NON EUROPEAN ARMY SERVICES

DR. ’A . B . X U M A

RESIDENCE: “ E M P ILW E N I."

8 5 . T o b y S t r e e t , S o p h i a t o w n , J o h a n n e s b u r g .

T e l e p h o n e 3 5 * 9 1 2 8

l(f *T E L E P H O N E 2 2 - 5 3 1 1 .

Z04. (on*/

",)/re'/■/////it ?s\) ffey .

19th October, 1942.

Mr. I . Glynn Thomas,

University of the Witwatersrand, Milner Park,

JOHANNESBURG.

Dear Mr. Thomas,

re:5: FORT HARE STUDENTS' STRIKES AND EXPULSIONS:

' Iw 1

I

“Hr i

. r 4

As per our telephonic conversation, I am enclosing herewith copies oi the correspondence between the students and “the College authorities leading up to the dismissal of several students.

-■ i

As this is a second strike within a year, under circumstances that are disturbing, to say the least, so far as the status of the students is concerned, it would seem that this is no longer a matter that Fort Hare could settle alone internally, as it would seem to us the authorities have a case to answer as we do not expect University students to be treated like Elemantary or High School children.

f .

D^n’ t you think it is a matter for Public Ehquiry? and i f so, should we make the suggestion to the Minister of Education or how can we go about it in order to bring about such an enquiry?

Yours sincerely,

ABX/pd.

U r r r y (- d t ^

4 8 x - y - x / o / c ) c

©ffire of tlje JKagor,

IHantoor ban b it iBnrgemwster,

Johannesburg.

19t h O c to b - r , I T

The Secretary,Transvaal African National Congress, c/o Dr. A .3 . Xuma,85 Totfy Street,Sophiatown,JOHANNESBURG.

Dear Sir/-« da; ,

i .i the Social 3ccurvcy ^cajress h<a'K in Durban during September, I undertook to furt' r th interests of social sc curity every way possible and varticulcrly by dev:losing an educated public opinion in favour of the general principle o;‘ social security.

I a;!\ accordingly arrar<%im- to hold a public iu-atin c the Non-European section of the oc;-.-ru;aity :-.t the arrcu ’bn's Social Oo;rorr at 5 n.n. on Wednesday, *23th October, anc/ in vie'/ of the iraportejjea of this matter, I shoul. be lad if the rorabera of your Co\.xaitt.:je would be present at this ■o.oetin * Resolutions re^ardin; the principl of the establishment of a Social .jecurity Code in South frica will b-i submitted to the ■■laetin for adaption.

Would you indly i:u‘or . Secrev..;.ry of tb/.- nunesr of .ev.ber of your organisation vjhc will be pras^n'1" a-:- the ::;t::;i_;:.

Y our s fait bfu lly,

V \ V

\N x \\ V.

v-v Xy\ ' V. ''-0 iLyor .

_ t f - X / O x c f a n

DURBAN .AFHICM MUNICIPAL WORKERS UNION.

36 , Old Dutch Hoad

Durban.

20th. October 1942

/

Dear Sir,Having heard, that you are in sympathy towards our labour

movement in South Africa and in paticular towards the welfare of the

African 7/orkers therefore we frankly appeal to you for your assistance.

Trade Unionism among the non european workers evident today, until lately

however the Africans have lagged behind the other sections of non -

europeans in this respect but today we find that they are awakening to

realize what trade unionism means. Within the last few years a number of

trade unions have sprung up and these have proved so sucessful and have

achieved so much that we now find those who are st ill unorganised

appealing to us to take up their cases as well.

Workers Union and Natal iron & Steel Metal Workers Union have lately been

organised, the first named having 4600 workers and the latter 6000 workers.

a long way towards having achieved a fa irly well organised Industrial

aentre - as far as Africans are concerned*

workers in Trade Unions even under normal circumstances is a difficult

task in view of the many restrictions imposed upon them. The primary

needs of these Unions are that they must have fu ll time organisers,

together with Offices and office equipment, before they can embark on

whatever work they intend to take up, but it is nescessary to have

finincial support and we are therefore making an appeal to your goodself

and hope you w ill give this matter your earnest consideration.

You w ill no doubt realize there is a great general upsurge of

Two main bodies of workers namely Durban African Municipal

With the organisation of these two bodies we would have gone

You w ill no doubt appreEiate that the organisation of Africa]

Thanking you in anticipation.

YVSirrves -Pa-i +.“h-PnT 1 ir

Eon. Secretary.

D .A .M . W. Union.

G EL IEW E IN TJ AN TW O O RD T * VERWYS NA

IN REPLY PL E A SE Q U O T *

no____ 2 / 5/ 5__________ _

UNIE VAN SUID-AFRIKA.—UNION OF SOUTH AFRICAKANTOOR VAN DIE—OFFICE OF THE

NATIVE COMMISSIONER, v P .O . BOX 7758,

J OHANNESBURG, 20th October,

1942.\ ,\

.Dr- AJU* .Xuma,.........

. .85 .Tohy. . .

.........SQ-cUil- XQ -W*. . . .

Sir , Election of Senators and Members of the Natives Representative Council under the Representation __of Natives Act, 1936 (Act No. 12 of 1 9 3 6 ) .____

You are hereby notified that in terms of Section 5 9 (2 ) (b)

of Government Notice No. 981 of the 10th July, 1936, a special

meeting w ill taice place at my office , at Garr Street, Pordsburg,

at . . !('. ? ? 'f*y. '. . on Wednesday, the 4th day of November, 1942,

fox the purpose of the election of a Senator and two members of

the Natives representative Council under the abovementioned Act

for the electoral area of the Provinces of the Transvaal and

Orange Free State .

1 have the nonour to be, Sir, Your obedient servant,

ACTG. NAiFWE COMMISSIONER.

DJ/I71B

W £

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I H o f t

p W Q R P 9

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TOWN,

J OHA.HNBSBUEG.

■' v.J-.t?;.

AfiX- l/Sl / o x o H

DURBAN AFxtlCAN MUNICIPAL /CRKviS UNIUW.

3a, Old Dutch Road,

Durban,

20th. October 1942.

Dear sir,Having hoard taau you are in sympathy towards our labour

movement in south Africa and in paticular towards the welfare of the

African ..orkera therefore we frankly appeal to you for your assistance.

You will no doubt realize there is a great general upsurge of

Trade Unionism among the non european workers evident today, until lately

however the Africans have lagged behind ohe other sections of non -

europeana in this respect but today we find that they nre awakening to

realize what trade unionism means. iithin the last few years a number of

trade unions have sprung up and these have prove a so sucessful and have

achieved so niuch that we now find those v/ho are still unorganised

appealing to us to takfc up their cases as well.

Two main bodies of workers namely Durban African Municipal

ackers union ond Natal iron & Steel Metal Workers Union have lately bean

organised, the first named having 4600 workers and the latter 6000 workers

With the organisation of these two bodies we would have gone

a Ion*, way towards having achieved a fairly well organised Industrial

centre - as far as Aft*icons are concerned.

You v/ill no doubt appreciate that the organisation of ,.frica:

workers in Trade Unions even under normal circumstances is a difficult

task in view of the many restrictions imposed upon them. The primary

needs of these Unions are that they must have full time organisers,

together with Offices and office equipment, before they can embark on

whatever work they intend to take up, but it is nescessary to have

finincial support and we are therefore making an appeal to your goodself

and hope you will give this matter your earnest consideration.

Thanking you in anticipation.

Yours faithfully,

Hon. secretary.

D.A.M. W. Union.

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Collection Number: AD843

XUMA, A.B., Papers

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