10sr accountability.final
TRANSCRIPT
-
8/4/2019 10SR Accountability.finaL
1/11
-
8/4/2019 10SR Accountability.finaL
2/11
ACCOUNTABIL ITY 2
NOTE: These materials may not be copied, transmitted electronically, edited, published, or sold without the written
permission of the author. Additional copies can be purchased and downloaded at www.claredegraaf.com
All Scripture quotations, unless otherwise indicated, are taken from the Holy Bible, New International Version, NIV. Copyright 1973, 1978,
1984, 2011 by Biblica, Inc. Used by permission. All rights reserved worldwide.
WHY ACCOUNTABILITY?
To whom you are accountable spiritually?
Of course were all accountable to God. And most
Christians have a Bible study group or Christian
friends they hang out with. But do you have a flesh
and blood person who youve empowered to ask you
the tough questions that will inspire you to live out the
mission God has prepared for you in this life?
I do! I have five men, and my wife has four women,
who are committed to help us grow spiritually,
relationally, emotionally, and even physically. These
are the men who watch my life and my back. They
pray for me, encourage me when I need it, and speak
truth to me even when Id prefer not to hear it. Theyre
my accountability partners, my friends, and my
brothers in Christ.
Each of you should look not only to your own
interests, but also to the interests of others.
(Philippians 2:4)
THE CALL
More than twenty years ago, I received a call from my
friend Tom that had a profound effect on my life. He
asked if we could have lunch to talk about something
God had put on his mind. Normally Id be wary. Whatdoes he want from me? That would be the first
question that popped into my head, but I trusted Tom,
so we met.
Clare, he started out, Ive been frustrated lately
with how little Im growing in some very important
areas of my life. I really want to be a better follower
of Jesus. I really desire to be a better husband and
father and even a better friend to my friends. I have
all these good intentions, but for one reason or
another they just never seem to happen. The tyranny
of the urgent, my job, the busyness of life, all kinds
of factors seem to suck the life out of me and I rarely
get around to doing the things I know God really
wants for me.
He had my attention. Immediately I identified with
his frustration. What reasonably sensitive person
wouldnt? Unlike God or our spouse or our children,
our boss and customers and clients are sitting right
in front of us or online, demanding our attention now,not when we have time, but NOW!
For stay-at-home moms its the same. The demands
of children and all the frustrations of keeping a
household afloat can be overwhelming. When do
they have the time to address theirneeds and grow
in the relationships that mean so much to them? And
mothers who work outside the home are in a whole
other league.
LIFE IN THE CANDY FACTORY
I grew up watching I Love Lucy, a popular TV show
staring Lucille Ball, the dizzy wife of Ricky Ricardo.
In one famous episode she and her friend, Ethel, got
a job in a chocolate candy factory. Their job was to
put candy in little wrappers as they came down the
conveyor belt. But their supervisor kept speeding up
the belt until candy was dropping off the end of the
line. So to cover up their failure, they ate as many
candies as they could, stuffed them in their clothes,anything to keep up. But they never could handle their
supervisors expectations.
Like Lucy at the candy factory, the line seems to
speed up every day, and the most important people
and aspects of our life get whats left over. At the end
of the day, were so beat we just want to relax. We
tell ourselves that well attend to our spiritual life and
spend quality time with our spouse or children this
weekend. But this weekend rarely happens. We tell
ourselves this lie, and we desperately want to believe
it, because we dont see any other answer.
-
8/4/2019 10SR Accountability.finaL
3/11
ACCOUNTABIL ITY 3
TOMS PLAN
So heres what I had in mind, said Tom. Id like
each of us to write down a half dozen things we know
we ought to do to be the kind of Christian, husband,
father, and friend we want to be. Then I thought we
could meet together weekly, exchange our lists, and
empower the other person to ask the question, Howare you doing in ________________? and go right down
the list. I need a real person sitting right in front of me
to encourage me to move from where I am to where
I know God wants me to be, and my family needs me
to be. He also suggested that at the end of our times
together, we pray for one another and the significant
people in our lives.
As soon as he finished explaining his plan, it was
one of those dah! moments for me. Of course,
thats what I needed! This wasnt one more persondemanding one more thing of me. These were goals
I was going to setgoals both God and I wanted of
me. I was just giving permission to another brother
in Christ to ask me how I was doing and encourage
me to godliness. Ironically, if my wife asked me the
same questions, Id probably think she was nagging.
But a man I trust asking me these same questions felt
empowering.
Still, I was wary. I knew that once I started down this
road, Id actually have to do the things I said I wanted
to do or Id feel guilty. And I hated guilt. But lets face
it, my plan so far to mature in these areas wasnt
exactly on fire, and his idea intuitively made sense. So
I said yes before I changed my mind and Ive never
regretted it.
We agreed that it would be best to ask another
person to join us, so we wouldnt get lazy. We prayed
about another man we would both feel comfortable
with and asked him in on this adventure with us.
Over the years, in my experience helping hundreds
of people find accountability partners and form
accountability groups, Ive found that three to four is
the ideal number of members. When only two people
meet, over time its a temptation to simply end up
having coffee or lunch and talking about life. Thats
not a bad thing, in fact its a great thing, but thats
not the purpose of accountability groups. With three
or four, if the group drifts to just friendly discussions,
someone usually is astute or spiritual enough to
remind the group of our purpose for meeting, and
keeps everyone on track.
MY BEST DEFINITION OFACCOUNTABILITY GROUPS:
Accountability groups are small circles of
Christian friends committed to encouraging one
another to live out the will of God for their l ives.
Two are better than one, because they have a
good return for their work: If one falls down, his
friend can help him up. But pity the man who falls
and has no one to help him up!(Ecclesiastes 4:9-10)
CHOOSING ACCOUNTABILITYPARTNERS
Here are some things to keep in mind as you begin
thinking about choosing accountability partners.
1 The two primary requirements for accountabilitypartners are that they be believers and ones you
respect. Personally, there are a number of people
who claim to be believers who I d never trust to be
one of my accountability partners. Look for men or
women whose character demonstrates a love for
God and a heart for people.
Why is this so important? You need to be confident
that the counsel you receive from your partners is
rooted in his or her commitment to the Bible and
Jesus Christ, and not just their opinions. They dont
have to be spiritual giants, but they should want
to be.
2 It would be beneficial if at least one person in yourgroup was spiritually mature and had a good grasp
of biblical truths. If not, consider seeking out the
most spiritual person you know. This person could
mentor your group for three to six months rather
than being a permanent member, until you feel
youre going in the right direction.
-
8/4/2019 10SR Accountability.finaL
4/11
ACCOUNTABIL ITY 4
He must hold firmly to the trustworthy message as
it has been taught, so that he can encourage others
by sound doctrine and refute those who oppose it.
(Titus 1:9)
3 Each group should be made up of all men or allwomen. I dont recommend co-ed groups.
4 The ideal group size is three or four, but I have sixin my accountability group now and it works.
5 Make this selection process a matter of regularprayer and develop a short list of the names of
people the Holy Spirit leads you to consider. These
are people youre going to empower to encourage
you, so think deeply about these people. This isnt
like joining a Bible study that you can quit anytime
you want, or a gym class where you count off by
4s. Finding Gods best for you is critical.6 Find the first person before you ask a third
or fourth. Then the two of you should select
the next member of your group, and the three
pick the fourth and so on. Before you meet to
discuss whether or not someone is interested in
an accountability relationship,send them to our
website and ask them to download a copy of
this booklet, or purchase a copy for them. Start
your group off right, with integrity. Please dont
photocopy these materials.
7 Over the years Ive found that best friends makegreat accountability partners. Unlike casual
acquaintances, they already know how you treat
your spouse and your children. Theyve observed
your life; they know your moods, your strengths
and your blind spots. Almost universally, Ive
found good friends who are accountability friends
become even better friends over the years.
THE FIRST FEWEXPLORATORY MEETINGS
Set some dates for the first few meetings and make
it clear that at this stage no one is agreeing to be an
accountability partner yet, but you want to meet for
a few weeks to get to know each other better and
discuss everyones expectations. Take a few minutes
to review some common expectations.
Confidentiality
Absolutely everything that is said in this group is
confidential, even from your spouse. Period. Everyone
needs to know this is a safe place and gossip wontbe tolerated.
A gossip betrays a confidence, but a trustworthy
man keeps a secret.(Proverbs 11:13)
Vulnerability
If a person isnt willing to be vulnerable and
transparent about their fears, their hopes, and
their struggles, then not only cant they be helped,
but they will discourage the rest of the group frombeing vulnerable. Having said this, it may take some
members a few months to gain confidence in the rest
of the group, especially if they dont know everyone
well. But the bottom line is this: Your accountability
partners cant help you unless they know whats going
on in your life.
Brothers, if someone is caught in a sin, you
who are spiritual should restore him gently. But
watch yourself, or you also may be tempted.
(Galatians 6:1)
Safety
Safety simply means that when a member or partner
reveals something in their life, the rest of the group
needs to listen without judgment, criticism, or advice
unless asked for it. You will eventually get to some
pretty raw issues or sins, but not if the group reacts
immediately with judgment. Make this a safe place to
bring anything, and make it a place of healing.
Carry each others burdens, and in this way you
will fulfill the law of Christ.(Galatians 6:2)
Likewise, do not allow group members to complain
about or dishonor their spouses. Only share
information the group absolutely needs to know
in order to help them understand issues in your
-
8/4/2019 10SR Accountability.finaL
5/11
ACCOUNTABIL ITY 5
marriage, No jokes about spouses. They need to feel
safe also.
However, each one of you also must love his wife
as he loves himself, and the wife must respect her
husband.(Ephesians 5:33)
Encouragement
Successful accountability partners are encouragers
and cheerleaders. There are enough people out there
who want to discourage you. This group is the place
where you leave feeling more loved and encouraged
than when you came. Continue encouraging each
other throughout the week by sending emails, texts,
handwritten notes, or voicemail.
Therefore encourage one another and build
each other up, just as in fact you are doing.(IThessalonians 5:11)
Accountability
Accountability is difficult. Studying the Bible is a
lot easier than putting the truths of Gods Word
into practice and holding ourselves and others
accountable. Accountability groups can easily drift
into Bible studies, with accountability happening
only once or twice a year. The primary purpose for
accountability groups is accountability. Above allmake sure that is happening, all the while encouraging
personal and group Bible study for every person in
your group, for the rest of your lives.
Everyone who competes in the games goes into
strict training. They do it to get a crown that will
not last; but we do it to get a crown that will last
forever.(ICorinthians 9:25)
Prayer
Agree that if you decide to be accountability partners,
one of the covenants you will make is to pray for one
another regularly. If thats not daily, at the very least
weekly.
And pray in the Spirit on all occasions with all
kinds or prayers and requests. With this in mind, be
alert and always keep on praying for all the saints.
(Ephesians 6:18)
GETTING ACQUAINTED:
1 Ask everyone to take 1530 minutes to give thegroup a brief summary of themselves, including the
type of family they grew up in, education, hobbies,
spiritual journey, and current information.. The goal
is to get a feel for each persons spiritual maturity,
transparency, and family or personal issues that
have shaped their lives. This may take more than
one meeting; take your time. Let each person know
ahead of time when theyll be asked to give this
brief biographical summary.
2 Spend a week talking about your expectations for
this group. Ask everyone why they are consideringbeing in a group like this and what they hope will be
the results. What general areas of life does each
feel needs the most attention right now?
3 Unless you all know each other well, spend eight totwelve weeks in Bible study before you agree to a
long-term accountability relationship. I recommend
reading and discussing the first half of the book
of Luke. At the end of this time of study together
youll have a good feel for whether or not these are
men or women you can trust to give you the wisecounsel you need.
4 Set a date when everyone who wants to enter intoa long term accountability relationship, and has
prayed about it, will communicate that theyre in.
Appoint one person be the administrative leader to
receive these calls or emails.For whateverreason,
anyone, who does not want to continue can simply
not respond. Make it easy for a person to opt out.
You dont want anyone in the group who doesnt
want to be there.
Pray for each person during this period. Occasionally
someone will really want to be part of a group, but
is scared theyre not spiritual enough or they have a
secret sin theyre afraid to reveal. Pray.
-
8/4/2019 10SR Accountability.finaL
6/11
ACCOUNTABIL ITY 6
ORGANIZING HOWYOUR GROUP WILL WORK
1 Decide how often youll meet, when, and where.Most accountability groups meet weekly for a
minimum of one hour, but 90 minutes is better.
Men usually prefer to meet in a cof fee shop,
restaurant, or office. Women generally prefer tomeet in their homes or apartments. It doesnt
matter where you meet as long as everyone feels
comfortable praying.
Choose an environment where your group will not
be distracted by friends, co-workers, or family
members coming and going. My group meets
weekly in an office conference room. My wifes
group meets in one persons home. Other groups
of women with young children meet evenings when
someone can babysit.
2 Its helpful if the administrative leader puts togethera schedule of meeting times and topics for
everyone, and emails an updated schedule every
month or two. That way everyone knows whether
or not youre going to meet over holidays, or when
you know a significant number of your group cant
meet. Our groups rule of thumb is that if half our
group cant meet, we dont. We assume everyone
will meet unless notified by phone or email inadvance, and we empower the administrative
leader to make the decision.
SETTING YOURPERSONAL GOALS
I started out this guide talking about each
accountability partner writing down specific goals
or things theywant to accomplish, then empowering
others to hold them accountable. But, what does thatlook like and how do you get started?
1 Have each person write their personal missionstatement. A personal mission statement is
essentially a short paragraph that describes
the person both God and you want to be, the
relationships you desire to have, and the things
you really want to accomplish in your life. Heres an
example:
The purpose of my life is to enjoy Jesus, be
content with who he has made me, with theresources and gifts Ive been given and be a
godly example to my wife, children, and friends.
Ive written a workbook entitled Discovering Your
Lifes Purpose, a guide for writing your personal
mission statement and organizing a life that truly
blesses God. It can be purchased or downloaded at
claredegraaf.com. It leads you through a series of
questions youll want to consider to better help you
write your personal mission statement. It shows
you how to develop mini mission statements forthe six significant areas of most peoples lives:
spiritual, spouse, children, vocation and finances,
friends and extended family, and physical and
emotional wellness.
2 You dont have to write a personal missionstatement before you begin setting goals, but its
important that each person think deeply about
the ultimate goal or purpose of their life. Lucius
Seneca, a Roman Senator once said, If a man
doesnt know what harbor hes headed for, no
harbor is the right harbor. Even non-Christians
know that the best place to begin is with the end in
mind.
Paul himself knew full well the power of a spiritual,
purpose driven life. I press on toward the goal
to win the prize for which God has called me
heavenward in Christ Jesus.(Philippians 3:14)
3 Write your goals for the next quarter or 90 days
organized along the lines of those on the following
page. (Obviously youll want to modify these if
youre not married or dont have children.) Begin
with your personal mission statement at the top.
-
8/4/2019 10SR Accountability.finaL
7/11
ACCOUNTABIL ITY 7
SAM
PLE
Spiritual Growth
1 Average 15 minutes of personal Bible study and
prayer, three days a week.
2 Meet Jack for lunch and share with him what Godhas been teaching me.
3 Begin listening to a Christian radio station or a pod-
cast of a message each week.
4 Write out my personal testimony.
My Wife
1 Pray together at least once a week.
2 Spend half a day just with her, doing what she
enjoys doing.
3 Send her a personal note once a month.
4 Plan a date night with just the two of us twice
monthly.
My Children
1 Encourage my daughters involvement in Young
Life.
2 Begin a monthly allowance with work, savings, and
tithing expectations.
3 Plan to have a date this month with both of my
children.
4 Look for opportunities to share personal
experiences, including my failures. (Be transparent)
Vocational and Financial
1 Meet with my co-worker to resolve our differences
at the office.
2 Increase our personal monthly savings forinvestment purposes.
3 Pass the corporate budget duties on to accounting.
4 Be home by 6:00 p.m. every night. No work on
weekends!
Friends and Extended Family
1 Invite my father to lunch.
2 Set a date for one activity with a spiritually-oriented
family or couple (Smiths?).
3 Visit my grandmother at the retirement home.
Health and Recreation
1 Begin some form of exercise three times a week.
2 Take a off just for me.
3 Get my weight to 178 lbs.
MY QUARTERLY (90 DAY) GOALS (SAMPLE)
With Gods help I hope to complete these goals on ________________. DATE
John Smith
The purpose of my life is to enjoy Jesus, be content with who he has made me, with the
resources and gifts Ive been given and be a godly example to my wife, children and friends.
-
8/4/2019 10SR Accountability.finaL
8/11
ACCOUNTABIL ITY 8
COMMENTS ON SETTINGYOUR GOALS
Recommend to each person in your group that they
take a half day off to get alone with God to write
your personal mission statement and your first
quarterly goals. This should be a spiritual exercise
where you go before God and ask the Holy Spirit toshape your thoughts, your goals, and your life. Go
to the mountains, a friends cabin or cottage, a hotel
or park, any place you can get alone with God and
yourself to think deeply about the life he wants for
you.
For the Lord gives wisdom, and from his mouth
come knowledge and understanding.(Proverbs 2:6)
Begin by setting goals you believe you can realistically
accomplish in the next 90 days. This gives youadequate time to meet your goals and not feel
defeated if you dont meet them all. Remember, this
is a marathon, not a sprint. If you can accomplish a
dozen small things faithfully over each three months
period, you will be amazed how your life will change
after only a year or two.
If any of you lacks wisdom, he should ask God,
who gives generously to all without finding fault,
and it will be given to him.(James 1:5)
USING YOUR GOALS INYOUR WEEKLY MEETINGS
To get started, devote one special meeting to
reviewing everyones personal mission statements.
Have each person pass out copies of their mission
statement. Give time for everyone to explain why
they wrote what they wrote, and invite comments.
Most people end up tweaking their statements over a
several month period as God brings to mind changes
in wording or priorities.
If youre married, share your personal mission
statement with your spouse. He or she should know
the person you really want to be. You may want to
agree in your group that everyone will do this.
REVIEWING EACH OTHER
At the next weekly meeting, have each person pass
out their goals for the next 90 days. Now everyone
has everyone elses mission statement and quarterly
goals. Since everyone needs time to complete their
goals, devote the next 12 weeks to Bible study and
prayer for each other. Once the 90 days are up, beginyour quarterly reviews:
Every three months devote your entire time each
week to one persons goals. On the week they
are assigned, the individual being reviewed brings
copies of their goals for the past 90 days in case
the others forget to bring the ones they passed out
three months ago.
Area by area they should be prepared to give a
report on how theyve done over the past 90 days.They share what theyve actually accomplished
as well as things they have not yet done and why.
During this report, any person in the group can
ask any question or make a comment. Sometimes
its obvious theyve set a goal, but their hearts no
longer in it, so ask questions about that.
They should also bring copies of what they want to
accomplish in the next 90 days. We have a general
rule that unless there is a compelling reason, all
unfinished goals must be carried forward to thenext 90 day period, to avoid simply dropping the
goal because its too difficult.
Remember, youve given each other permission to
ask questions about any part of your life. Some
of these sample questions are in the Appendix at
the end of this guide. Please bear in mind it took
us meeting a few years before we felt comfortable
and safe enough to ask some of the more probing
questions.
Because we have six men in our group, this process
takes six weeks to complete. After that time period,
we either study the Bible or a book or topic that
would benefit all of us. We have spent this time
studying and discussing marriage, raising spiritual
children, finances, temptation, and any and all areas
we feel we need help with.
-
8/4/2019 10SR Accountability.finaL
9/11
ACCOUNTABIL ITY 9
We schedule evangelistic events or discussion
groups for non-Christians weve been praying for.
Many of the men in our group have met with sons,
son-in-laws, and even boyfriends and fiancs of the
daughters in our group, to let them know we are
available to them as a resource. We believe we have
an amazing opportunity not only to encourage eachother on to godliness, but to actually impact each
of our families.
It is impossible to do everything people
want you to do. You have just enough time
to do Gods will. If you cant get it al l done,
it means youre trying to do more than
God intended for you to do...
(...or youre spending too many hours
on lesser things [Clare] )
Rick Warren, The Purpose Driven Life
May God bless you as you embark on this adventure
of inviting several followers of Jesus to walk this
journey with you. If your experience is anything
like mine and the hundreds of people Ive met in
accountability groups, it will be one of the greatest
blessings of your life.
Clare De Graaf
At the end of these six weeks, we begin the
quarterly reviews all over again. That means each
year every person gives a report four times.
While it s not always easy to see lasting change
immediately, over the years every person in our
group has seen tremendous growth and maturity.
Every week we open with prayer or close by prayingfor one another. We invite anyone to share specific
prayer requests, but if there arent any, we simply
pray that God would shape us into godly men.
OTHER ACCOUNTABILITYACTIVITIES
Over the years, we and other accountability groups
have done a variety of things to help us grow
spiritually and relationally, such as:
We try to go on two overnight retreats annually.
We go to mens conferences or couples
conferences together.
We do father/child activities together.
We join in activities together with our wives, such
as concerts, seminars, dinners, worship, or host a
guest presenter for our group and friends.
We plan events to reach out to others, or toencourage others to establish accountability
relationships.
-
8/4/2019 10SR Accountability.finaL
10/11
ACCOUNTABIL ITY 10
At www.claredegraaf.com you will also find a number
of resources you can use to grow spiritual such as:
Discovering Your Lifes Purpose: a guide to writing
your personal mission statement and living the life
God and you always wanted.
Spiritual Mentoring: a guide for finding and being a
Christian mentor.
Boundaries: a guide for setting healthy boundaries
to safeguard your life.
Clare De Graaf4079 Park East Court SE Suite 102
Grand Rapids MI 49546
616.942.0041
RECOMMENDED RESOURCES
As Iron Sharpens Iron, Howard and Bill Hendricks
The Accountable Man, Tom Eisenman
The Man in the Mirror, Pat Morley (Chapter ?)
The Purpose Driven Life, Rick Warren
The Tyranny of the Urgent, Charles Hummel
Websites
www.smallgroups.com
Life Transformation Groups
www.cmaresources.org
Organizations
Iron Sharpens Iron for Women
www.ironsharpensironwomen.org
Iron Sharpens Iron for Men
www.ironsharpensiron.net
Men of Integrity
www.menofintegrity.org
-
8/4/2019 10SR Accountability.finaL
11/11
ACCOUNTABIL ITY 11
Singles
1 Do you feel content in your singleness?
2 What gives you joy as a single?
3 What frustrates or saddens you?
4 Are your relations with the opposite sex pure? What are
you doing to keep it that way?
Life, Character and Integrity
1 What area(s) of your life are out of balance right now
and what can you do to get them in balance?
2 If virtues are the family uniform of followers of Jesus,
are there any habits or sins which confuse your friends
or co-workers about whose team you are really on?(Your language, jokes you tell, excessive use of alcohol,
anger, gossip, bitterness, etc.)
3 Describe your relationships with your mother, father,
and siblings. If they arent good, what can you do
to change that? What have you done to address any
unresolved issues?
4 What scares you? What is i t that you fear losing besides
a child or your spouse? What currently is causing you
anxiety?
5 Are the people youre working with (fellow employees)coming to you with spiritual or personal questions? Why
or why not?
6 Do you have a spiritual mentor? Are you a mentor to
someone else? Describe those relationships.
7 Is there a relationship you have that is tempting you, or
in what circumstances are you most tempted?
8 Do you have pornography blockers on your computer?
Ministry
1 How do you presently serve your church?
2 Are you serving in other places or ministries in the
kingdom?
3 Do you know what your spiritual gifts are?
NOTE: As you begin asking each other these questions
and you find common struggles, use the study periods
between your quarterly review to work on them.
Spiritual/Relational Check-up
These are a sampling of the kinds of quest ions which
ought to be asked occasionally in a healthy, mature
accountability or mentoring relationship.
Spiritual
1 Do you regularly read the Bible and pray? Tell us what
that looks like for you.
2 Do you feel comfortable meeting with non-Christians
and discussing personal spiritual truths? When is the last
time you did that? Tell us about it.
3 Do you feel like your faith and obedience is getting
stronger, weaker, or about the same? Do you know why?
4 What are the weights in your life which keep you fromrunning free as a follower of Jesus?
5 Do you think your life makes God look good?
6 What areas of your spiritual growth probably need
attention?
Marriage and Family
1 Describe your relationship with your spouse.
2 What topics do you find most difficult to discuss with
your spouse and why?
3 Would he/she say they feel loved and cherished by you?
4 Who would he/she say is the spiritual leader in the
family?
5 Is there any area of your parenting skills you feel needs
work?
6 Which of your children do you find most dif ficult to
relate to? Why, and what could you do to change that?
7 Which of your children do you find easier to relate to?
Why?
8 If your spouse were here, what would they say theyd
like to see most changed in your life?
9 Do you have any personal habits, like your language,
anger, alcohol use, or TV viewing, that would confuse
your children about a parent who claims to be a follower
of Jesus?
APPENDIX A