11/4/2013

1

Militarism

Triple Entente: Triple Alliance:

Causes of WWI - Alliances

Alliance System

• Designed to balance power in Europe

• These alliances assured either

_______________ or ___________…nothing

in between

Causes of WWI - Nationalism

Pan-Germanism - movement to unify the people

of all _________________________________.

Austria *

Belgium

Denmark

Iceland

Germany *

Liechtenstein *

Luxembourg

Netherlands

Norway

Sweden

Switzerland *

United Kingdom

* = German speaking country

Germanic Countries

11/4/2013

2

Causes of WWI - Nationalism

Territorial rivalries between France &

Germany, Industrial rivalries between

Germany & Britain, Intense nationalism in

the Balkans.

Imperialism: European conquest of Africa, India, &

Asia – ____________________________________

Causes of WWI - ______________

Archduke ______________________ and Duchess

Sophie at Sarajevo, Bosnia, on June 28th, 1914.

Causes of WWI - Assassination

__________________

after his

assassination of

Austrian Archduke

Franz Ferdinand.

Princip is arrested. The Black Hand is found to be secretly supported by some members of the _______________________ government.

Causes of World War I - M A N I A

__________________ – policy of building up

strong military forces to prepare for war

_____________________ - agreements between

nations to aid and protect one another

_____________________ – pride in or devotion

to one’s country

_____________________ – when one country

takes over another country economically and

politically

_____________________ – murder of Austrian

Archduke Franz Ferdinand

MANIA The Story Behind the Assassination…

Crisis in the Balkans

• Multiple languages, religions, and cultures - Nationalist

feelings divide the area.

• Each wants its own __________________________

from foreign nations (A-H)

• 1908 – Austria-Hungary annexes Bosnia-Herzegovina

(2 Balkan territories) - _____________________ are

outraged – Slavic lands, many Serbs there.

• By 1914, Serbia had gained territory in the Balkans

and was eager to take B-H away from the A-H Empire.

_______________ are very high throughout the

spring/summer of 1914.

11/4/2013

3

The Ultimatum: July 23, 1914

(After the Assassination)

• Austria-Hungary issues ___________ an

ultimatum, a list of demands, that if not met,

will result in consequences.

• The ultimatum demands an end to all

________Austrian activity in Serbia as well

as the acceptance of ________________

officials into Serbia in order to investigate

anti-Austrian groups.

• __________________________________!

The Point of No Return:

The Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand

_________________ blamed Serbia for Ferdinand’s

death and declared war on ___________________.

_______________ pledged their support for Austria

–Hungary (blank check!).

· example of Pan-German nationalism

_______________ pledged their support for Serbia.

· example of Pan-Slavic nationalism

The Point of No Return:

The Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand

_____________________ declares war on Russia.

_____________ pledges their support for Russia.

Germany declares war on France.

Germany invades __________ on the way to France.

_________________ supports Belgium and declares

war on Germany.

World War I

Allied Powers: Central Powers:

Great Britain

France

Russia

Germany

Austria-Hungary

Great Britain

(Allied Power)

• Follows a policy of isolation

before the war begins, largest

________________ in the

world, wealthy, strong navy

• Stable Constitutional monarchy:

King George V with

__________________ as Prime

Minister

• Enters the war to defend

Belgium’s neutrality

• Had the _________ to gain from

a war in Europe

France

(Allied Power) Prime Minister: Georges

____________________

• Many French long for the

glory days of Napoleon

Bonaparte’s empire

• Colonial Power (Africa,

Southeast Asia)

• Sought revenge against

_______________ for loss in

Franco-Prussian War in

1870…also the loss of

______________________

11/4/2013

4

Russia

(Allied Power) • Leader: _______________

• Economy based on serfdom

(165 million people in virtual

slavery)

• Industrializing, but still well

________ the rest of Europe

• Social unrest follows the loss

to Japan in 1905

Germany

(Central Power)

• Leader _______________

• Leading industrial power in

Europe, rich in raw

materials

• Not a colonial power

• ______________________

Ottoman Empire

(Central Power) • Has been in ____________ for

over 150 years

• 1908: Sultan forced to institute

a western-style constitution

• Looks towards Germany for

help modernizing!

• _______________ exerts great

influence over the Turks

Austria-Hungary

(Central Power)

• Hapsburg Dynasty still in

power

• Old & dying kingdom –

many different

ethnicities/languages in

the empire

• Leader:

A Breakdown…Who was where?

Serbia

France

Russia

Great Britain

Japan (1914)

United States (1917)

Italy (1915) o Claimed that its membership

in the Triple Alliance had been a defensive strategy

o Felt that Germany had made unprovoked attack on Belgium

Members of the Triple

Entente join the Allies;

members of the Triple

Alliance join the

______________________

Allied Powers Central Powers

Crime of the Ages…”Who Did It?”