11pc460 transfromer monitoring lcd iv

8/3/2019 11PC460 Transfromer Monitoring LCD IV

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REMOTE TRANSFORMERREMOTE TRANSFORMERMONITORINGMONITORING


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IntroductionIntroduction

Detect faults in remote transformers linesDetect faults in remote transformers lines

Immediately transmit any fault information toImmediately transmit any fault information to

multiple people including line man, powermultiple people including line man, power

house, EB office etc.,.house, EB office etc.,.

Monitor multiple parameters such as voltage,Monitor multiple parameters such as voltage,

current simultaneouslycurrent simultaneously


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FeaturesFeatures

Can detect faults due to over current,Can detect faults due to over current,

under voltage, over voltage, etc.,.under voltage, over voltage, etc.,.

Can operate in any environment in aCan operate in any environment in a

transformer line.transformer line.

Will display those parameters in aWill display those parameters in a

portable LCDportable LCD


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Block DiagramBlock Diagram

TRANSFORMER Module

5v Power supply to all

components

LCD Microcontroller

Alarm

VoltageSensing

Current Sensor

Relay Driver

Level converter

Levelconverter

Relay


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VOLTAGE SENSINGVOLTAGE SENSING

Voltage (potential) transformer steps down theVoltage (potential) transformer steps down thevoltage in the transformer line.voltage in the transformer line.

It is converted into a dc voltage after rectifier andIt is converted into a dc voltage after rectifier and

filter.filter. This rectified dc voltage gives a proportionalThis rectified dc voltage gives a proportional

voltage of the transformer.voltage of the transformer.

It is fed into the ADC of the microcontroller.It is fed into the ADC of the microcontroller.

This ADC value gives the voltage present in theThis ADC value gives the voltage present in theoutput of the transformer.output of the transformer.

It is also used to detect faults in fuses.It is also used to detect faults in fuses.


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CURRENT SENSINGCURRENT SENSING

Current transformer senses current taken by theCurrent transformer senses current taken by theload in a transformer lineload in a transformer line

The interfacing circuit converts ac current into acThe interfacing circuit converts ac current into acvoltage and converts into dc voltage.voltage and converts into dc voltage.

The DC voltage is then given to ADC insideThe DC voltage is then given to ADC insidemicrocontroller which calculates the exactmicrocontroller which calculates the exactcurrent flowing through the linecurrent flowing through the line

Depending upon the ADC value theDepending upon the ADC value the

microcontroller finds current in the transformermicrocontroller finds current in the transformerline.line.


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MicrocontrollerMicrocontroller

PIC16F877A is the microcontroller used in thePIC16F877A is the microcontroller used in theproject.project.

The controller has peripheral features like inbuiltThe controller has peripheral features like inbuiltADC, required to get the signals from theADC, required to get the signals from thesensors.sensors.

Maximum clock frequency is 20MHz and henceMaximum clock frequency is 20MHz and hencefaster than 8051.faster than 8051.

Based on RISC and Harvard architecture andBased on RISC and Harvard architecture and

hence even more faster.hence even more faster. Embedded C is used for programming theEmbedded C is used for programming the

microcontroller.microcontroller.


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LCD Display

The LCD display is used to display alphabet ornumerical information

The LCD used in the project is a 16x2 display(16 characters, 2 lines)

It is a alphanumeric display. The LCD display is controlled by the

microcontroller.

The microcontroller communicates with the

display using a parallel communication.


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RELAY DRIVE

Relays are electromechanical switches that can be controlled byRelays are electromechanical switches that can be controlled by

microcontrollers.microcontrollers.

But relays require more current than that can be given by aBut relays require more current than that can be given by a

microcontroller.microcontroller.

Hence a relay drive is required for current amplification betweenHence a relay drive is required for current amplification between

the microcontroller and the relays.the microcontroller and the relays.

In this project a general purpose NPN transistor is used for theIn this project a general purpose NPN transistor is used for the

relay drive.relay drive.

The transistor used is BC547, which is small signal generalThe transistor used is BC547, which is small signal general

purpose transistor.purpose transistor.


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Hardware ComponentsHardware Components

PIC 16F877A microcontrollerPIC 16F877A microcontroller

SensorsSensors

LCDLCD


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Software ToolsSoftware Tools

MP Lab IDE for PIC programmingMP Lab IDE for PIC programming

Orcad 16 for schematic designOrcad 16 for schematic design

Eagle layout Editor for PCB designEagle layout Editor for PCB design


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Thank YouThank You

11pc460 transfromer monitoring lcd iv

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