12/08/01ernst1 recent development in networking connectivity michael ernst desy
Post on 22-Dec-2015
213 views
TRANSCRIPT
12/08/01 Ernst 3
News on TA Connectivity (1)
• Planned for 2002– Direct link GEANT <-> Abilene / CANARIE
@ 2 * 2.5 Gbps (Q I, 2002)– UCAID will add another 2 * 2.5 Gbps– UCAID proposing joint Project GTRN
12/08/01 Ernst 5
News on TA Connectivity (2)• Global Terabit Research Network
– “Terabit Net” for Science and Research– Europe as Mediator for Asian-Pacific Area
• For DFN/US Global Transit (commodity traffic)– 2 * 2.5 Gbps in Q I, 2002– Contract with 2 Providers
• Global Crossing (2.5 Gbps)• KPNQwest (2.5 Gbps)
– Tendering Process in Collaboration with DANTE
12/08/01 Ernst 6
Entwicklung US-Verkehr
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
Sept '00 bis Nov '01
DE -> US
US -> DE
Trans Atlantic Traffic Development from Sep ‘00 - Nov ‘01 (Statistics provided by DFN)
12/08/01 Ernst 7
GÉANT
• Backbone speeds: – initial target: core at 2.5 Gbps– network achieved:
9 trunks at 10 Gbps and 11 trunks at 2.5 Gbps
• Access speeds:– 11 NRENs to connect at 2.5 Gbps
• Future plans:– 100’s of Gbps within four years
Gigabit Speeds
12/08/01 Ernst 8
GÉANT
• TEN-155:– 21 NRENs linked– 25 countries connected in total
• GÉANT:– 27 NRENS– 31 countries - 6 new countries, 2 in the Balkans– Open to further connections from national organisations
Geographic Expansion
12/08/01 Ernst 9
GÉANT
• Connectivity to other regions of the world
• European Distributed Access: – effective distribution mechanism through backbone core– uniform presentation of the European networks
Global Connectivity
12/08/01 Ernst 10
GÉANT
• TEN-155 continuity: – TEN-155 Managed Bandwidth Service, using ATM
technology
• End-to-end QoS– with NREN involvement
• Different types of QoS:– Guaranteed bandwidth– Predictable delay and jitter– Guaranteed bandwidth + predictable delay and jitter
Guaranteed QoS
12/08/01 Ernst 11
GÉANT - A Development Platform
• A network for research: – TF-NGN, SEQUIN
• http://www.dante.net/tf-ngn• http://www.dante.net/sequin
• Initiatives with IPv6: – TF-NGN, 6NET Proposal
• Co-operation with Grids: – EuroGrid, DataGrid
• Joint development clauses with suppliers
12/08/01 Ernst 12
Price Development of International Bandwidth (Source: V. Berkhout)
200,000 150,000
30,000
12,500
5,000
200,000100,000
20,000
2,000
36
1
10
100
1,000
10,000
100,000
1,000,000
1996 1997 1998-1999 1999-2000 2000-2001
Period covered
Eu
ro /
Mb
ps
/ Yea
r
average offer price
lowest offer price
12/08/01 Ernst 13
GÉANT Technology
• 2.5/10 Gbps as single wavelengths – with SDH framing– no access to optical level / (dark) fibre
• TEN-155 aggregate circuit length = 22,000 km
12/08/01 Ernst 14
Stepping to 10Gbps
• Cost vs capacity– 10Gbps in 8 countries …
• quadruples capacity• adds less than 10% to cost
– Pushing 2.5Gbps as far as possible
12/08/01 Ernst 15
Issues
• Service is diverse (wavelengths and SDH)• Guaranteed bandwidth and VPN capability
needs further development . . . • . . . as does management of end-to-end
capability• Cooperation of NREN, MAN and campus
network operators is needed
12/08/01 Ernst 16
Summary on GEANT
• 10 Gbps now!
• Wavelength networks– National and International
• Better geographical coverage
• Progress on global connectivity
• Challenging the vendors
• QoS/VPN will need our help!
12/08/01 Ernst 17
STM 16(2.5 Gbps)
DFN’s Connectivity to Europe
UK
BE
NL
ITCH
DEFR
SE
AT
LV
PL
SK
CZ
HR
HU
EE LT
LU
622
622
SI
RO
PT
ES
IE
BG
CY
GR
622
34
34
45
155
155
155
155
155
155
34 155
34
155 34 45
10G
2.5G
O ther
IL
GEANT
12/08/01 Ernst 18
Entwicklung TEN-155/GEANT - Verkehr
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
Jan '00 bis Nov '01
TB
yte DE -> EU
EU -> DE
Development of DFN <-> TEN-155 / GEANT Traffic from Jan ‘01 - Nov ‘01 (Statistics provided by DFN)
12/08/01 Ernst 19
0500
100015002000250030003500400045005000Ja
n
Mar
May Ju
l
Sep
Nov
Total
Internat'l
GB
DESY’s Monthly Traffic Volume (Received)
12/08/01 Ernst 20
The Silk Project
Hans Frese DESY Hamburg
NATO Advisory Panel on Computer Networking
SILK Task Force
12/08/01 Ernst 21
The Silk Task Force
• Peter Kirstein, UCL, London• Hans Frese, DESY, Hamburg• Robert Janz, RUG, Groningen• Sergey Berezhnev, MSU, Moscow• Zita Wenzel, ISI, Marina del Rey, CA• Rolf Nordhagen, UIO, Oslo• Ruben Mkrtchyan, YERPHI, Yerevan• Walter Kaffenberger, NATO
12/08/01 Ernst 22
Activity of the Network Panel
• The Networks Panel has supported Network Infrastructure Grants (NIGs) for many years
– Was initially Russia and Eastern Europe
– Southern Caucasus and Central Asia are current principal areas for our larger grants
• Internet Connectivity has been a large part of each NIG
• Current bandwidths much too small
– but all that can be afforded from budget
12/08/01 Ernst 23
Intentions of NIGs
• Improve National Research Net Infrastructure– Not that of isolated groups or institutes
• Encourage National Collaboration– Preferably to set up National Research and
Education Networks (NRENs)
• Encourage International Collaboration– Ever more important at the current time
12/08/01 Ernst 24
Current Connectivity
• Bandwidth from NATO sources currently 64 – 512 Kbps– Would like to go up by an order of magnitude at
least– Cost unaffordable in current model
($100k per year for 1 Megabit per second)
• National Research and Education Networks (NRENs) partially exist in most of the countries intended currently
12/08/01 Ernst 25
Possible Technologies
• Mainly Fibre in Western Europe– No affordable fibre yet in Caucasus or
Central Asia (> 5 times satellite cost)– Does exist in E. Europe and Russia
• Satellite attractive in these areas– Satellite Bandwidth driving force– Broadcast capability can be useful
• Proposed Silk Project in 2000 – Based on VSAT Technology
12/08/01 Ernst 27
A short primer on satellites (1)
• Satellites are bent pipes in the sky• 5 to 10 year lead times imply mature/old
technology in the sky• Fiber has taken over the oceans, satellites are
looking for work• Compared to fiber, satellite bandwidth is low,
but ...
12/08/01 Ernst 28
A short primer on satellites (2)
• ... one satellite covers one third of the globe• ... broadcasting to many locations is trivial• ... bandwidth is simplex
– it can be allocated asymmetrically and shared between locations
• ... minimal local infrastructure requirements– unobstructed view south– 240 Volts with diesel backup if needed
12/08/01 Ernst 29
A short primer on satellites (3)
• Buying satellite bandwidth:– you pay for radio frequency bandwidth– and battery consumption in the sky– buy in bulk to obtain discount
• Using a larger dish fetches more energy and improves the signal to noise ratio
• This allows higher density modulation which produces more Mbps per MHz
• Net result: 1 Mbps per year for $25K
12/08/01 Ernst 30
Who gets connected?
• Funded by NATO– National Research and Education Networks
(NRENs) in the Partner countries
• Co-funded by– NGOs– Supranational Organisations
• Staged Implementation– E.g. Armenia, Georgia, Kyrgyz Rep, Uzbekistan– E. Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, Tajikistan,
Turkmenistan
31Ernst12/08/01
Satellite station configuration
HUB
Satellite router
NREN router
Satellite dish
HSSI
100Mbps
12/08/01 Ernst 32
Planned Silk BandwidthSilk total bandwidth requirement
Per half year
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
01/H2 02/H1 02/H2 03/H1 03/H2 04/H1 04/H2
Total bandw idth inMbps
12/08/01 Ernst 33
EurasiaSat
• PROs– Covers both Asia and
Western Europe
– Can use small earth stations (2.4m)
– Hamburg hub (DESY) well connected to European backbone
– Bandwidth on demand for e.g. teleteaching
• CONs– Requires expensive
hub station in the West ($650K)
12/08/01 Ernst 34
Project Management
• DESY will provide Technical Management• Area Consultants plus Silk Task Force will
provide first Process Management– If project grows, may get professionals– May be able to work with other funding agencies
operating in the area
• Project Steering Committee provide high level policy management
12/08/01 Ernst 35
Policy Steering Committee
• Will include at least all Co-Directors and representatives of funders
• Terms of Reference to be decided by members
• Policy includes many areas to discuss – AUP rules, Membership, responsibilities of
NRENs, move to financial sustainability, bandwidth rules, any dispute resolution
12/08/01 Ernst 36
Summary
• Propose a system with 25-50 Mbps for 8 countries
in Caucasus and Central Asia
• System could grow with additional investment from others
12/08/01 Ernst 37
Conclusions
• The Project is ready to start
• The technical and organisational framework
is in place
• A choice has to be made