123. depression disclosures on facebook: associations with self-report and perceptions of peers

1
were recorded and manually transcribed. Analysis was con- ducted by three investigators using an iterative process in which all investigators first reviewed transcripts individually and then discussed together to determine consensus on themes and representative quotations. Results: A total of 12 focus groups were conducted, including 28 males and 39 females between the ages of 18 and 23 years. All participants reported SNS use. The major theme derived from our data was that males tended to approach SNS use through an individualistic framework and females tended to approach SNS use through a communal framework. This theme was expressed in several ways. First, males often de- scribed their motivation to have a SNS profile as one of self- promotion: “It’s a great way to get my name out to people.” Females frequently discussed SNS use as a way to be con- nected to their community: “I use it to send messages to friends that I don’t see all week.” Second, males described logging onto their SNS profile with a goal-oriented approach. Many males described using only the applications needed for their intended task, and then logging off. In contrast, females often described logging onto their profile as part of a routine habit: “I talk to other people on there, or I check the home page for updates, or I check my friends’ walls and stuff for new pictures.” Third, males and females both stated that they used Facebook to communicate with friends. However, females re- ported pursuing in-depth profile investigations of people they did and did not know: “It makes stalking acceptable. Not actual stalking. However, offline you never look at someone’s actual photo albums you do not know. But on Facebook I look at them.” Conclusions: Our findings suggest differences in male and female older adolescents’ motivations towards and use of SNSs. Males’ approach to SNSs was more centered on individ- ual goals and existing relationships. Females’ approach was more centered on routine maintenance of their online com- munity, as well as exploration within the Facebook site and larger online community. As health interventions using the internet are increasing, a clear understanding of gender differ- ences in SNS use will be essential to create interventions that are effective and targeted. Sources of Support: The work described was supported by award K12HD055894 from NICHD. 123. DEPRESSION DISCLOSURES ON FACEBOOK: ASSOCIATIONS WITH SELF-REPORT AND PERCEPTIONS OF PEERS Megan Moreno, MD, MSEd, MPH 2 , Lauren Jelenchick, BS 2 , Allison Grant, BA 2 , Megan Pumper, BA in progress 2 , Laura Richardson, MD, MPH 1 . 1 Seattle Children’s Hospital 2 University of Wisconsin Purpose: Depression is common and under-diagnosed among college students. College students do not always seek help for depression in clinical settings; however, depression disclo- sures are often displayed on social networking site (SNS) pro- files and presumably viewed by other peer SNS users. SNSs could be an innovative approach to complement current screening strategies as well as to support adolescents with depression. The purpose of this study was to evaluate Face- book depression disclosures and their association with both self-reports via a clinical screen and peer perception. Methods: Public Facebook profiles of freshmen undergradu- ates aged 18 to 19 years from a large state university were examined for displayed depression references by three trained coders. Profiles were categorized as depression references present (Displayers) and no depression references (Non-Dis- players). A 20% subsample was evaluated for interrater reli- ability; Cohen’s kappa for depression reference coding was 0.79. Participants then completed a one-to-one interview with a trained research assistant including depression screening via the PHQ-9 and an open-ended question: “What do you think of when you see displayed references to depression on Face- book?” Analyses included logistic regression to examine the relationship between Displayer/Non-Displayer and PHQ-9 de- pression categories, adjusting for gender. Qualitative analysis of interview data was conducted in an iterative approach with three investigators individually evaluating transcripts and then meeting to determine thematic consensus. Results: A total of 60 participants completed the interview (68.5% response rate), of these, the average age was 18.8 years, 36 (60%) were female. Depression references were displayed on 20 profiles (33%), females were more likely to be Displayers (OR 4, 95% CI 1.1-14.1). The mean PHQ score was 3.2 (/-2.1) and 16 (26.7%) met criteria for mild depression (PHQ score between 5 and 10). No participant’s scores met criteria for severe depression. Displayers were more likely (OR 4.9, 95% CI 1.4-17.8) to meet PHQ-9 mild depression criteria compared to Non-Displayers. Qualitative analysis of transcripts revealed three main themes. First, depression disclosures were viewed as a way to reach out: to ask for help or get attention. Partici- pants frequently stated that this need might be met by peers responding to such comments publicly on Facebook to dem- onstrate support. Second, depression disclosures were viewed as a way to share feelings: to contribute to the frequent expe- rience of being depressed during college. Third, Facebook was viewed as a venue to push out, to vent, or displace emotions. Conclusions: Depression disclosures on SNSs can be used to identify older adolescents with mild depression. College stu- dents may be using SNSs to seek support for depression, and their peers may both recognize and respond to such disclo- sures. Universities may consider providing targeted outreach to these students through Facebook, and educating students to enhance peer ability to recognize or respond to depression disclosures. Future studies must be done to evaluate more severe depression, however, expansion and translation of these findings may produce novel interventions among col- lege students at risk for mild depression. Sources of Support: The work described was supported by award K12HD055894 from NICHD and by award R03 AA019572 from NIAAA. 124. SUICIDE RISK BEHAVIORS IN WASHINGTON STATE ADOLESCENTS WITH DISABILITIES: EXAMINING THE ROLE OF DEPRESSIVE SYMPTOMS Bonnie Strelitz, MPH 3 , Jane Rees, PhD, RD 3 , Elaine Thompson, PhD, RN 2 , Leslie Walker, MD 1 . 1 University of Washington School of Medicine 2 University of Washington School of Nursing S81 Poster Abstracts / 48 (2011) S18 –S120

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S81Poster Abstracts / 48 (2011) S18–S120

were recorded and manually transcribed. Analysis was con-ducted by three investigators using an iterative process inwhich all investigators first reviewed transcripts individuallyand then discussed together to determine consensus onthemes and representative quotations.Results: A total of 12 focus groups were conducted, including28 males and 39 females between the ages of 18 and 23 years.All participants reported SNS use. The major theme derivedfrom our data was that males tended to approach SNS usethrough an individualistic framework and females tended toapproach SNS use through a communal framework. Thistheme was expressed in several ways. First, males often de-scribed their motivation to have a SNS profile as one of self-promotion: “It’s a great way to get my name out to people.”Females frequently discussed SNS use as a way to be con-nected to their community: “I use it to send messages tofriends that I don’t see all week.” Second, males describedlogging onto their SNS profile with a goal-oriented approach.Many males described using only the applications needed fortheir intended task, and then logging off. In contrast, femalesoften described logging onto their profile as part of a routinehabit: “I talk to other people on there, or I check the homepagefor updates, or I check my friends’ walls and stuff for newpictures.” Third, males and females both stated that they usedFacebook to communicate with friends. However, females re-ported pursuing in-depth profile investigations of people theydid anddid not know: “Itmakes stalking acceptable. Not actualstalking. However, offline you never look at someone’s actualphoto albums you do not know. But on Facebook I look atthem.”Conclusions: Our findings suggest differences in male andfemale older adolescents’ motivations towards and use ofSNSs. Males’ approach to SNSs was more centered on individ-ual goals and existing relationships. Females’ approach wasmore centered on routine maintenance of their online com-munity, as well as exploration within the Facebook site andlarger online community. As health interventions using theinternet are increasing, a clear understanding of gender differ-ences in SNS use will be essential to create interventions thatare effective and targeted.Sources of Support: The work described was supported byaward K12HD055894 from NICHD.

123.

DEPRESSION DISCLOSURES ON FACEBOOK: ASSOCIATIONSWITH SELF-REPORT AND PERCEPTIONS OF PEERSMegan Moreno, MD, MSEd, MPH2, LaurenJelenchick, BS2, Allison Grant, BA2, Meganumper, BA in progress2, Laura Richardson, MD,

MPH1. 1Seattle Children’s Hospital 2Universityf Wisconsin

Purpose:Depression is common and under-diagnosed amongollege students. College students do not always seek help forepression in clinical settings; however, depression disclo-ures are often displayed on social networking site (SNS) pro-les and presumably viewed by other peer SNS users. SNSsould be an innovative approach to complement currentcreening strategies as well as to support adolescents with

epression. The purpose of this study was to evaluate Face-

ook depression disclosures and their association with bothelf-reports via a clinical screen and peer perception.ethods: Public Facebook profiles of freshmen undergradu-tes aged 18 to 19 years from a large state university werexamined for displayeddepression references by three trainedoders. Profiles were categorized as depression referencesresent (Displayers) and no depression references (Non-Dis-layers). A 20% subsample was evaluated for interrater reli-bility; Cohen’s kappa for depression reference coding was.79. Participants then completed a one-to-one interviewwithtrained research assistant including depression screening viahe PHQ-9 and an open-endedquestion: “What do you think ofhen you see displayed references to depression on Face-ook?” Analyses included logistic regression to examine theelationship between Displayer/Non-Displayer and PHQ-9 de-ression categories, adjusting for gender. Qualitative analysisf interview data was conducted in an iterative approachwithhree investigators individually evaluating transcripts andhen meeting to determine thematic consensus.esults: A total of 60 participants completed the interview68.5% response rate), of these, the average agewas 18.8 years,6 (60%) were female. Depression references were displayedn 20 profiles (33%), femalesweremore likely to be DisplayersOR� 4, 95%CI 1.1-14.1). Themean PHQ scorewas 3.2 (�/-2.1)nd 16 (26.7%) met criteria for mild depression (PHQ scoreetween 5 and 10). No participant’s scores met criteria forevere depression. Displayers weremore likely (OR � 4.9, 95%I 1.4-17.8) to meet PHQ-9mild depression criteria comparedo Non-Displayers. Qualitative analysis of transcripts revealedhree main themes. First, depression disclosures were vieweds a way to reach out: to ask for help or get attention. Partici-ants frequently stated that this need might be met by peersesponding to such comments publicly on Facebook to dem-nstrate support. Second, depression disclosures were vieweds a way to share feelings: to contribute to the frequent expe-ience of being depressed during college. Third, Facebook wasiewed as a venue to push out, to vent, or displace emotions.onclusions: Depression disclosures on SNSs can be used todentify older adolescents with mild depression. College stu-ents may be using SNSs to seek support for depression, andheir peers may both recognize and respond to such disclo-ures. Universities may consider providing targeted outreacho these students through Facebook, and educating students tonhance peer ability to recognize or respond to depressionisclosures. Future studies must be done to evaluate moreevere depression, however, expansion and translation ofhese findings may produce novel interventions among col-ege students at risk for mild depression.ources of Support: The work described was supported byward K12HD055894 from NICHD and by award R03A019572 from NIAAA.

124.

SUICIDE RISK BEHAVIORS IN WASHINGTON STATEADOLESCENTS WITH DISABILITIES: EXAMINING THE ROLE OFDEPRESSIVE SYMPTOMSBonnie Strelitz, MPH3, Jane Rees, PhD, RD3,laine Thompson, PhD, RN2, Leslie Walker, MD1.

1University of Washington School of Medicine

2University of Washington School of Nursing