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FSG A11yStandardization

George Kraft IVgk4@austin.ibm.com

http://www.linuxbase.org/~gk4/a11y/stds/

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The FSG

● The Free Standards Group is an independent, non-profit organization dedicated to accelerating the use of free and open source software by developing and promoting standards

● Founded in 2000 by the LSB workgroup● Consensus standardization of de facto

implementations● Driven by ISV requirements

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FSG Board

● Richard Brunner (Corporate Member: AMD)

● Dirk Hohndel (Corporate Member: Intel)

● Thorsten Kukuk (Corporate Member: SuSE)

● Jon "Maddog" Hall (Nonprofit Member: USENIX)

● Akio Kido (Nonprofit Member: Japan Linux Association; IBM)

● Ralf Flaxa (Individual Member; SuSE)

● Roger So (Individual Member; Sun Wah)

● Theodore Ts'o (Individual Member; IBM)

● Hideki Hiura (Individual Member; Sun)

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FSG Staff

● Jim Zemlin = President, Executive Director

● Daniel Quinlan = Vice President, Chairman of the Board

● Roger So = Secretary

● Erik Troan = CFO

● Nick Stoughton = ISO/POSIX Liaison

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FSG Workgroups

● LSB http://www.linuxbase.org/● OpenI18N http://www.openi18n.org/● LANANA http://www.lanana.org/● OpenPrinting http://www.openprinting.org/● Accessibility http://www.a11y.org/● DWARF http://dwarf.freestandards.org/● Open Cluster http://www.opencf.org/

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Product Standards

● Conformance requirements specified for a particular type of product, for the purpose of certification or branding:– LSB Runtime Environment

– LSB Internationalized Runtime Environment● http://www.linuxbase.org/test/registered.html

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Workgroup Deliverables

● Specifications– Application dependent API, ABI, and Commands

● Conformance tests in testing harness– Versus functional, unit, or system test

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FSG Adoption Criteria

● Specification– Upstream maintenance of implementation

– Multiple Linux distribution implementations

– Public review of release candidate specification

– DocBook SGML/XML formatted

– GFDL licensed

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FSG Adoption Criteria

● Certification– Conformance testing of implementation per release

candidate specification

– TETware (or other POSIX.3 compatible harness)

– GPL or Artistic licensed

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Specification Tiers

I. Runtime Environment– Application Binary Interfaces

– Application Programming Interfaces

– Application Dependent Commands

II. Development Environment

III. User Environment

IV. Sysem Management

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LSB Organization

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LSB Deliverables

● LSB Generic and Architectural Specifications– IA32, IA64, PPC32, PPC64, S390, S390X, AMD64

● Conformance Tests– Existence and behavioral (POSIX style)

● Sample Implementation● Application Battery● Development Environment

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LSB Timeline

● REVIEW: 10/99 gLSB v0.1 (gk4 becomes scribe)

● REVIEW: 7/00 gLSB v0.2 (gk4 becomes pm)

● REVIEW: 1/01 gLSB v0.4

● REVIEW: 3/01 gLSB v0.7 (gk4 becomes chair)

● REVIEW: 4/01 gLSB v0.8

● REVIEW: 5/01 gLSB v0.9

● RELEASE: 6/01 gLSB v1.0

● REVIEW: 12/01 gLSB v1.1 and archLSB-IA32 v1.1

● RELEASE: 1/02 gLSB v1.1 and archLSB-IA32 v1.1

● REVIEW: 2/02 archLSB-IA64 v0.9.9

● REVIEW: 5/02 gLSB v1.2 and archLSB-IA32 v1.2

● RELEASE: 6/02 gLSB v1.2 and archLSB-IA32 v1.2

● LAUNCH: 7/02 LSB v1.2 certification for IA32

● RELEASE: 10/02 archLSB-IA64 v1.2.1

● REVIEW: 10/02 v1.3 of gLSB, archLSB-IA32, archLSB-PPC32, archLSB-IA64

● REVIEW: 10/02 archLSB-S390 v0.5

● RELEASE: 12/02 v1.3 of gLSB, archLSB for IA32, PPC32, IA64, & S390

● RELEASE: 6/03 archLSB v1.3 for PPC64

● LAUNCH: 1/03 LSB v1.3 certification for IA32, PPC32, IA64

● RESCIND: 8/03 archLSB v1.3 for PPC64 recinded due to no glibc 2.2.5 support

●

LAUNCH: 8/03 LSB v1.3 certificaiton for S390

● REVIEW: 2/04 LSB v2.0

● RELEASE: 9/04 LSB v2.0

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LSB Cross Check

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LSB Marketing

● Dozens of articles● Dozens of interviews● Deliverables● Official Press Releases● Tutorials● Conference presence (FSG booth, BOF)● Workgroup presence (freedesktop.org, x.org, ISO)● Book

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LSB Adoption

● Most successful ABI in IT history● All major Linux distributions have adopted

– http://www.linuxbase.org/test/registered.html● ISVs guaranteed a binary compatible base● LSB 2.0.1 being adopted by ISO

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LSB Futures

● Expansion Procedures– Add new ABIs

– Add new Architectures● http://lsbbook.gforge.freestandards.org/contribute.html

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LSB Partnerships

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LSB Desktop

● New “desktop” specification for LSB v3.0– Specifying ATK v1.9.0

– Missing conformance test suites

– Is documentation adequate?● http://www.linuxbase.org/LSBWiki/GnomePlan3

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LSB Weakness

● Scope not large enough to support some ISVs– Introduced C++ in LSB 2.0

– Need freedesktop.org to deliver specifications & tests● Need to dramatically improve test case coverage● LSB has overcommitted resources● ISVs too sceptical and/or arrogant to adopt

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OpenI18N

● Globalization Specification● Fixed upstream libraries and commands● LSB Internationalization Runtime Certification

– Adopted by RHEL3 and SLES9

– Phase 1 (Tier 1 imported into LSB 1.3)● Phase 2 (Tier 3) being withheld from cert.

– User Environment hard to specify and test

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FSG A11y

● Specifications– Keyboard

– AT-SPI

– I/O● CAUTION

– Keep specification & testing scope tight & manageable

– Defer implementation & system integration to GAP

– Invent/design as little as possible

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Ally Specifications

● Documentation (DocBook SGML/XML)

– ABIs for Applications and ATs (ATK, IDL?)● Source Code Control (CVS)

– http://gforge.freestandards.org/scm/?group_id=19● Bug tracking (Bugzilla)

– http://bugs.freestandards.org/● Openly available at all stages (HTTP)

– http://gforge.freestandards.org/projects/a11y/

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API Work

● FSG A11y needs to work on APIs and ABIs– http://developer.gnome.org/doc/API/2.0/gtk/GtkWidget.html#gtk-widget-get-accessible

– http://developer.gnome.org/doc/API/2.0/atk/

– http://developer.gnome.org/doc/API/2.0/gail/

– http://developer.gnome.org/doc/API/2.0/at-spi/

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IDL

● Need to think about IDLs

– Does an ISV's application use these ABIs?– http://www.linuxbase.org/~gk4/a11y/idl/

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Conformance Testing

● Conformance Testing per Public Specification● POSIX.3 Test Methodology

– Special return codes● TETware and the Open Source Test Environment Toolkit

– Automated● Test Case Coverage● http://lsbbook.gforge.freestandards.org/test-expand.html

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PASS

● Pass - the test has been executed correctly and to completion without any kind of problem

● Warning - the functionality is acceptable, but you should be aware that later revisions of the

relevant standards or specification may change the requirements in this area.

● FIP - additional information is provided which needs to be checked manually.

● Unsupported - an optional feature is not available or not supported in the implementation under

test.

● Not in Use - some tests may not be required in certain test modes or when an interface can be

implemented by a macro or function and there are two versions of the test only one is used.

● Untested - no test written to check a particular feature or an optional facility needed to perform a

test is not available on the system.

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FAIL

● Fail - the interface did not behave as expected.● Uninitiated - the particular test in question did

not start to execute.● Unresolved - the test started but did not reach the

point where the test was able to report success or failure.

● Unreported - a major error occurred during the testset execution.

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TETworks Languages

● Supported TETworks Languages– C, C++

– Java

– Sh, Ksh, Perl, Tcl● http://tetworks.opengroup.org/contrib/contrib-3.6/templates/

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X11 Testing

● Lsb-test-vsw4: binary version of the LSB X Window System test suite. These tests are derived from the VSW4 XTest test suites.– http://www.linuxbase.org/download/index.php/test_suites/runtime

– http://www.opengroup.org/testing/downloads/vsw4.html

– http://www.opengroup.org/testing/testsuites/vsw5.htm

● VSM5 – Motif conformance test suite– http://www.opengroup.org/testing/testsuites/vsm4.htm

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TETworks Tutorials

● http://tetworks.opengroup.org/tutorial/

● http://tetworks.opengroup.org/documents/docs.htm

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A11y Recommendations

● Project Manage workgroup & subgroups– Roadmaps of specification & testing deliverables

– Weekly subgroup calls

– Action item tracking● Establish formal A11y steering committee,

committers, contributors, & procedures● Establish formal GAP steering committee,

committers, contributors, & procedures

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Deliverables?

● Specifications

– Keyboard, GAP (ie., ATK), I/O

● Conformance tests

– Keyboard, GAP (ie., ATK), I/O

● Application A11y Style Guide

● Application A11y How-To Guide

● Conf. Presentations, articles, press releases

● All deliverables complement implementation

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1Q05 Action Items

● Publish 0.1 of individual specifications● Get started on conformance tests● FSG booth at LinuxWorld (Feb)● DDC/OLS A11y Presentation (June)

– GAP overview and How-To● How-To article for Linux Journal

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Reference

● FSG Workgroup Committee Procedures

– http://www.linuxbase.org/~gk4/WorkgroupCommitteeProcedures.7.txt

● LSB Workgroup Charter

– http://www.linuxbase.org/policy/charter.html

● Building Applications with the Linux Standard Base, IBM Press, 2005, ISBN 0131456954

– http://lsbbook.gforge.freestandards.org/

● TETware and the Open Source Test Environment Toolkit

– http://tetworks.opengroup.org/