13 - 14 march 2008 1 tfir 1 task force on indicators and reporting targets and indicators

13 - 14 March 200813 - 14 March 2008 1 TFIR1 TFIR 11

Task Force on Task Force on Indicators and ReportingIndicators and Reporting

Targets and indicatorsTargets and indicators


Basic principles for target setting (1)Basic principles for target setting (1)A target can be many things => flexibility to adapt to A target can be many things => flexibility to adapt to country needscountry needs– Development of a law, monitoring programme, water Development of a law, monitoring programme, water

management plans, introduction of a new approachmanagement plans, introduction of a new approach– Institutional frameworkInstitutional framework– Capacity building or a studyCapacity building or a study– Social and economic issuesSocial and economic issues– National / local / pilot projectsNational / local / pilot projects– Specific parameterSpecific parameter

=> But in all cases it must be possible to => But in all cases it must be possible to assess progressassess progress


Need for a holistic approach => importance Need for a holistic approach => importance of the processof the process

Need to promote harmonizationNeed to promote harmonization

Need to have a meaningful reporting Need to have a meaningful reporting system that allows building a coherent system that allows building a coherent picture for the whole region picture for the whole region

Basic principles for target setting (2)Basic principles for target setting (2)


For most areas illustrate For most areas illustrate optionsoptions for target for target setting: non-comprehensive but useful setting: non-comprehensive but useful “shopping list”“shopping list”

For few core areas: common indicators For few core areas: common indicators which become part of the reporting systemwhich become part of the reporting system

=>Is it useful/agreeable?=>Is it useful/agreeable?

=>Do we need definitions, standards?=>Do we need definitions, standards?

=> Which can be “core” common indicators?=> Which can be “core” common indicators?

Guidelines approachGuidelines approach


Consequences for reportingConsequences for reportingWhat is/are your target(s) under article 6 (2) xx and related target date(s)?

What were the baseline conditions?

What are the current conditions?

Shortly describe action undertaken to achieve target(s), and planned activities.

What is your target for the percentage of population with access to water and related target date(s)? (urban/rural)

What were the baseline conditions? (urban/rural)

What is the current percentage of population with access to water? (urban/rural)

Shortly describe action undertaken to achieve target(s), and planned activities.


Quality of drinking-water Quality of drinking-water (Art 6(2)(a))(Art 6(2)(a))

Percentage of samples that fails to meet the Percentage of samples that fails to meet the standards for standards for – E. coli E. coli

All water intended for drinking: not detectable in any 100 mlAll water intended for drinking: not detectable in any 100 ml

Treated water entering the distribution system: not detectable Treated water entering the distribution system: not detectable in any 100-ml samplein any 100-ml sample

Treated water in the distribution system: not detectable in any Treated water in the distribution system: not detectable in any 100-ml sample100-ml sample

– Enterococci Enterococci – Pseudomonas aeruginosaPseudomonas aeruginosa

Ref. GDWQ Vol 3 pp. 143, 288, 238


Quality of drinking-water Quality of drinking-water (Art 6(2)(a)) chemical(Art 6(2)(a)) chemical

Percentage of samples that fails to meet Percentage of samples that fails to meet chemical water qualitychemical water quality– Countries to decide in accordance with local Countries to decide in accordance with local

needs (Fe, Pb, Cu, NO3/As…)needs (Fe, Pb, Cu, NO3/As…)– Not weighted, but by water supplierNot weighted, but by water supplier– Quality at tapQuality at tap– Ten core parameters from amongst Annex 1 Ten core parameters from amongst Annex 1

Part B of the DWDPart B of the DWD

GDWQ , Chemical safety of drinking-water


Reduction of the scale of water-Reduction of the scale of water-related disease (Art 6(2)(b))related disease (Art 6(2)(b))IncidenceIncidence PrevalencePrevalence

UsesUses Expresses the risk of Expresses the risk of becoming illbecoming ill

Number of existing cases at a Number of existing cases at a given point in timegiven point in time

The main measure of The main measure of acute diseases or acute diseases or conditions, but also conditions, but also chronicchronic

Estimates the probability of the Estimates the probability of the population being ill at the population being ill at the period of time being studiedperiod of time being studied

Most useful for studies of Most useful for studies of causationcausation

Study of chronic diseases and Study of chronic diseases and implications for the health implications for the health servicesservices


Reduction of the scale of water-Reduction of the scale of water-related disease (Art 6(2)(b))related disease (Art 6(2)(b))

Incidence I: rate at which new events occur Incidence I: rate at which new events occur in a certain population during a defined time in a certain population during a defined time periodperiod

Number of new events in spec. periodNumber of new events in spec. period/ /

Number of persons exposed during that periodNumber of persons exposed during that period

Prevalence P: number of cases in a defined Prevalence P: number of cases in a defined population at a particular point in timepopulation at a particular point in time Number of people with the disease at spec. timeNumber of people with the disease at spec. time

Number of people in the pop at risk at the spec. timeNumber of people in the pop at risk at the spec. timeBonita, Beaglehole, Kjellstrom Basic epidemiology WHO Geneva


Reduction of the scale of water-Reduction of the scale of water-related disease (Art 6(2)(b))related disease (Art 6(2)(b))

OutbreakOutbreak– Two people experience similar illness after Two people experience similar illness after

exposure to water and healthexposure to water and health– Problems remain with case definitions, clinical Problems remain with case definitions, clinical

analytical capacity etcanalytical capacity etc


Access to drinking water Access to drinking water (Art 6(2)(c))(Art 6(2)(c))

Percentage of population with access to Percentage of population with access to safe drinking water connected to a public safe drinking water connected to a public supply according to WatSan_Ex1supply according to WatSan_Ex1

Percentage of population with access to an Percentage of population with access to an improved drinking water sourceimproved drinking water source

Focus on rural areas / sparsely populated Focus on rural areas / sparsely populated areasareas

Social/affordability issuesSocial/affordability issues


Access to sanitation (Art 6(2)(d))Access to sanitation (Art 6(2)(d))

Access to improved sanitation (JMP)Access to improved sanitation (JMP)

Percentage of population served by Percentage of population served by sewerage connections and wastewater sewerage connections and wastewater treatment plants (primary, secondary and treatment plants (primary, secondary and tertiary treatment)tertiary treatment)

WatSan_P1WatSan_P1

Focus on rural area / small settlements Focus on rural area / small settlements


Levels of performance of collective Levels of performance of collective and other systems for water-supply and other systems for water-supply

(Art 6(2)(e)) - operations(Art 6(2)(e)) - operationsWater production mWater production m33/y/y

Water consumption mWater consumption m33/y/y

Continuity of supply (hrs of pressure)Continuity of supply (hrs of pressure)

Rate of failure of legally residual chlorine at Rate of failure of legally residual chlorine at point of consumption (where required) point of consumption (where required)

Main failuresMain failures

Water losses per connection (m/conn/y)Water losses per connection (m/conn/y)


Levels of performance of collective Levels of performance of collective and other systems of water-supply and other systems of water-supply

(Art 6(2)(e)) - sustainability(Art 6(2)(e)) - sustainabilityEnergy efficiency (mWh/mEnergy efficiency (mWh/m33 produced) produced)

Unit cost of water to supplierUnit cost of water to supplier


Levels of performance of collective Levels of performance of collective and other systems of sanitation and other systems of sanitation

(Art 6(2)(f)) - operations(Art 6(2)(f)) - operations

Volume of wastewater producedVolume of wastewater produced

Volume of wastewater collectedVolume of wastewater collected

Volume of wastewater treatedVolume of wastewater treated

Pump failures (hrs out of service/time unit)Pump failures (hrs out of service/time unit)


Levels of performance of collective Levels of performance of collective and other systems of water-supply and other systems of water-supply

(Art 6(2)(f)) - sanitation(Art 6(2)(f)) - sanitationEnergy efficiency (mWh/m3 treated)Energy efficiency (mWh/m3 treated)

Unit cost of wastewater treatment to water Unit cost of wastewater treatment to water useruser


Good management practice water Good management practice water supply (Art 6 (2) (f))supply (Art 6 (2) (f))

National percentage of water production utilities National percentage of water production utilities with established and enforced protection zoneswith established and enforced protection zones

National percentage of water production utilities National percentage of water production utilities with recognized certification (ISO 900 quality with recognized certification (ISO 900 quality man, ISO 14000 env man, ISO 22000 Food man, ISO 14000 env man, ISO 22000 Food safety man, WSP)safety man, WSP)

National percentage of water production utilities National percentage of water production utilities with accreditation to national accreditation with accreditation to national accreditation laboratories laboratories


Good management practice Good management practice sanitation (Art 6(2)(f))sanitation (Art 6(2)(f))

Individual utility Individual utility – Annual mean removal % (BOD/N/P)Annual mean removal % (BOD/N/P)– Effluent quality target exceedanceEffluent quality target exceedance– Sludge production (m3 sludge/ m3 wwater)Sludge production (m3 sludge/ m3 wwater)– Sludge treatment (tonnes/y/treatment method)Sludge treatment (tonnes/y/treatment method)


Good management practice Good management practice sanitation (Art 6(2)(f))sanitation (Art 6(2)(f))

National levelNational level– Number of existing wwtp ( load in pop eq/y)Number of existing wwtp ( load in pop eq/y)– Number of operational wwtp (with load)Number of operational wwtp (with load)– Number of planned wwtp Number of planned wwtp

(with load and year of start up)(with load and year of start up)

– Number of wwtp slated for upgrade (with load)Number of wwtp slated for upgrade (with load)– Number of dysfunctional wwtp (w/ design Number of dysfunctional wwtp (w/ design

load)load)


Untreated wastewaterUntreated wastewater(Art 6(2)(g)(i))(Art 6(2)(g)(i))

% of wastewater that is not collected% of wastewater that is not collected

% of collected wastewater that is not % of collected wastewater that is not treatedtreated

% of collected wastewater that undergoes % of collected wastewater that undergoes only primary treatmentonly primary treatment


Untreated storm water overflowsUntreated storm water overflows(Art 6(2)(g)(Art 6(2)(g)(ii)(ii)))

Capacity of sewage collection and Capacity of sewage collection and treatment plants to cope with stormwater treatment plants to cope with stormwater overflowoverflow– dry weather flow vs storm water flowdry weather flow vs storm water flow– storage capacity for storm water runoffstorage capacity for storm water runoff– total number of storm overflows per yeartotal number of storm overflows per year

Change from combined to separate Change from combined to separate sewerage systems (pop served) sewerage systems (pop served)


Quality of discharges of waste Quality of discharges of waste water Art 6 (2)(h))water Art 6 (2)(h))

Non compliance with limit concentrations Non compliance with limit concentrations (domestic / industrial waster water)(domestic / industrial waster water)

Health indicators (faecal coliforms, Health indicators (faecal coliforms, pathogens)pathogens)

Quantity of dangerous substance releasedQuantity of dangerous substance released

Permit system for discharges / quality Permit system for discharges / quality controlcontrol


Disposal or reuse of sewage Disposal or reuse of sewage sludge sludge

(Art 6(2)(i) first part)(Art 6(2)(i) first part)

Basic statisticsBasic statistics– Production (tonne/y or tonne/m3 treated)Production (tonne/y or tonne/m3 treated)– Treatment means Treatment means – Disposal of raw sludgeDisposal of raw sludge– Disposal of treated sludgeDisposal of treated sludge– (nature, agriculture, reused inside and outside (nature, agriculture, reused inside and outside

the plant)the plant)– Cases of non complianceCases of non compliance


Quality of waste water used for Quality of waste water used for irrigation purposes irrigation purposes

(Art 6(2)(i) second part)(Art 6(2)(i) second part)AgricultureAgriculture– E. coli per 100 ml per area of activityE. coli per 100 ml per area of activity– Helminth eggs per litre per area of activityHelminth eggs per litre per area of activity

Aquaculture & protection of workers and Aquaculture & protection of workers and local communitieslocal communities– E. coli per 100 mlE. coli per 100 ml– Viable trematode eggs per litreViable trematode eggs per litre

WHO Guidelines for the safe use of wastewater, excreta and greywater Vol. 1 Policy and regulatory aspects p 33


Quality of waters used as sources Quality of waters used as sources for drinking water for drinking water

(Art 6(2)(j) first part)(Art 6(2)(j) first part)

Relevant obligationsRelevant obligations- EU Water Framework Directive (art. EU Water Framework Directive (art.

7(1)7(1)- Repelled EU Abstraction Directive Repelled EU Abstraction Directive

(75/440/EEC)(75/440/EEC)- EU Ground Water Directive EU Ground Water Directive

2006/118/EC2006/118/EC


Quality of waters used for bathing Quality of waters used for bathing (Art 6(2)(j) second part)(Art 6(2)(j) second part)

Microbial quality valuesMicrobial quality values– Based on 95Based on 95thth percentile value of intestinal percentile value of intestinal

enterococci / 100 ml and taking into account enterococci / 100 ml and taking into account local conditionslocal conditions

WHO (2003) Guidelines for safe recreational water environment Vol 1 Coastal and Freshwater WHO Geneva pp 70


Enclosed bathing waters Enclosed bathing waters (Art 6(2)(k))(Art 6(2)(k))

Pool typePool type Heterotrophic Heterotrophic plate countplate count

TT coliTT coli

E. ColiE. Coli

P. P. aeruginosaaeruginosa

Legionella Legionella sppspp

Public, dPublic, d <200/ml week<200/ml week <1/100 ml w<1/100 ml w <1/100ml d<1/100ml d <1/100ml q<1/100ml q

Semi Semi public, dpublic, d

<200/ml <200/ml monthlymonthly

<1/100 ml m<1/100 ml m <1/100 ml <1/100 ml demanddemand

<1/100 ml q<1/100 ml q

Natural Natural spaspa

n/an/a <1/100ml w<1/100ml w <10/100 ml <10/100 ml weeklyweekly

<1/100 ml<1/100 ml

monthlymonthly

Hot tubsHot tubs n/an/a <1/100 ml<1/100 ml

WeeklyWeekly

<1/100 ml<1/100 ml

WeeklyWeekly

<1/100 ml<1/100 ml

monthlymonthly

WHO (2006) Guidelines for safe recreational water environments Vol 2 WHO Geneva


Quality of waters for aquaculture or Quality of waters for aquaculture or production of shellfish (production of shellfish ((Art 6(2)(j)))(Art 6(2)(j)))

EU shellfish (and fish) directive: EU shellfish (and fish) directive: 79/923/EEC79/923/EEC and and 2006/44/EEC set standards and requires monitoring for 2006/44/EEC set standards and requires monitoring for salinity, temperature, DO, As, Cd..salinity, temperature, DO, As, Cd..Existence of targets and parameters for waters used for Existence of targets and parameters for waters used for aquaculture or for the production or harvesting shellfish aquaculture or for the production or harvesting shellfish depending on national situationdepending on national situation– physical parametersphysical parameters– biological parametersbiological parameters– chemical parameterschemical parameters

Compliance with these standardsCompliance with these standardsRisk- approach: data on outbreak of shellfish-related Risk- approach: data on outbreak of shellfish-related diseasesdiseasesOther food-related legislation: 854/2004, 853/2004 etc.Other food-related legislation: 854/2004, 853/2004 etc.


Identification and remediation of Identification and remediation of contaminated sites (Art 6 (2) (l))contaminated sites (Art 6 (2) (l))

InventoryInventory

Risk assessment (only related to risk of Risk assessment (only related to risk of water-related disease?water-related disease?

Remediative action taken (% of sites)Remediative action taken (% of sites)


Effectiveness of management of Effectiveness of management of water resources (Art 6 (2) (m))water resources (Art 6 (2) (m))

Process related targetsProcess related targets– Enabling conditions (laws, regulations, Enabling conditions (laws, regulations,

transboundary agreements)transboundary agreements)– Institutional measures (RBO)Institutional measures (RBO)– Management instruments (river basin Management instruments (river basin

management plans)management plans)– Cross-cutting issues (financing, public Cross-cutting issues (financing, public

involvement, education, training)involvement, education, training)


Effectiveness of management of Effectiveness of management of water resources (Art 6 (2) (m))water resources (Art 6 (2) (m))

Quality and quantity aspectsQuality and quantity aspects– Based on national classification systems / Based on national classification systems /

good statusgood status– Focus on specific pollutants (pesticides)Focus on specific pollutants (pesticides)– Population living under water scarcityPopulation living under water scarcity– Water exploitation index (national / river basin)Water exploitation index (national / river basin)– Abstraction of water for domestic needs per Abstraction of water for domestic needs per

personperson


Frequency of publication of information Frequency of publication of information on quality of drinking water and other on quality of drinking water and other

waters (Art 6 (2) (n))waters (Art 6 (2) (n))

Any period up to three years (art 7 (2))Any period up to three years (art 7 (2))

Other reporting obligationsOther reporting obligations

13 - 14 march 2008 1 tfir 1 task force on indicators and reporting targets and indicators

Documents

water art

scale of water

watersupply art

water supplierquality

mltreated water

sampletreated water

safe drinking water

water management plans