13027 county road 18 * fort lupton, co 80621 *...

13027 County Road 18 * Fort Lupton, CO 80621 * 303-857-4171

Fred Rothauge started Quality Drilling Fluids in June of 1984, in Long-mont, Colorado. We started primarily to provide Drilling Fluids and Drill-ing Fluids Engineering to the oil and gas industry. Since June of 1984 we have serviced drilling rigs in Arizona, California, Colorado, Kansas, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, New Mexico, South Da-kota, Texas and Utah as well as areas in Canada. The company has gone through many changes to provide our customers with the quality of service we feel is important for the longevity of the business. For many years now we have provided products and engineering not only to the oil and gas in-dustry but also to Water Well Drillers, Municipalities, Mining, Directional Drilling and Boring, and any other application where drilling fluids is used. Since our beginning we have averaged 450 wells per year. Quality Drilling Fluids operates from our warehouse in Ft. Lupton, Colorado with stock points at Right Bit Service in Albuquerque, New Mexico and Fidelity Exploration and Production in Sheridan, Wyoming and Deckers, Montana. On January 1st 2006 Quality was acquired by Hydro Resources out of Houston, TX. We assure you that Quality Drilling Fluids will continue to operate as we always have, with the expertise that can save time and money. We have worked hard to build a strong reputation as being honest and reliable to our customers. We have always believed in maximizing production, not necessarily footage. We believe in quality products and service. We believe in you! If we can assist you in any way, please call (303) 857-4171.


Company Information Company Personnel

Quality Drilling Fluids LLC Fred Rothauge - President 13027 County Road 18 John Stehwein - Sr. Mud Engineer Ft. Lupton, CO 80621 Craig Weitzel – Mud Engineer Jack Durbin – Mud Engineer

Warehouse Location Tracy Holbrock – Mud Engineer 13027 County Road 18 Melissa Smith – Mud Engineer Ft. Lupton, CO 80621 Melvin Odenbaugh – Whse. Manager Douglas Odenbaugh - Warehouse

Contact Numbers Nick Gray – Truck Driver William Alvarado – Parts & Sales Toll Free: 888-842-6833 Tracy Kast – Sales Phone: 303-857-4171 Marieny Brenckle – Sales Fax: 303-857-3938 Diana Reynolds – Accounting Clerk

Stock Points Quality Drilling Fluids LLC c/o Right Bit Service 7420 2nd Street NW Albuquerque, NM 87107 Quality Drilling Fluids LLC c/o Fidelity Exploration & Product Co. 2585 Heartland Dr. Sheridan, WY 82801 Secondary location: Deckers, MT


TABLE OF CONTENTS


WEIGHT AGENTS AND VISCOSIFIERS

LUBRICANTS, DETERGENTS AND EMULSIFIERS

Alcomer 1771……………………………. 6 Aluminum Stearate…………………………. 40

API Bentonite……………………………. 7 Defoamer…………………………………… 41

Barite…………………………………….. 8 Drill Beads………………………………….. 42

Guar Gum………………………………... 9 Drill Terge………………………………….. 43

Kwick-Plug, med. & coarse……………... 10 Foam………………………………………... 44

Kwick-Plug, fine & micro……………….. 11 Quality Foam F-450………………………... 45

Max Gel…………………………………. 12 Quality Foam F 485………………………… 46

Salt Gel…………………………………... 13 Pipe Lax…………………………………….. 47

Smooth Bore…………………………….. 14 POLYMERS-SHALE INHIBITORS

DISPERSANTS AND THINNERS Alcomer 60RD……………………………. 48

Alcomer 74L…………………………….. 15 Alcomer 123L……………………………... 49

DESCO………………………………….. 16 Alcomer 120L……………………………... 50

DESCO Chrome-Free…………………… 17 Alcomer 110RD……………………………. 51

Lignite…………………………………… 18 Clay Stay…………………………………... 52

MF-1…………………………………….. 19 Flowzan and Liquid Biopolymers………….. 53

NW-220…………………………………. 20 Soltex………………………………………. 54

S.A.P.P………………………………….. 21 Treat-O-Clay……………………………….. 55

FILTRATE REDUCER SALTS

Alcomer 507…………………………….. 23 Calcium Chloride…………………………... 56

Drispac Polymers, Reg. & Superlo……... 24 Potassium Chloride (KCL)…………………. 57

Dripac Polymers………………………... 25 Sodium Chloride……………………………. 58

Liquid Drispac Polymers……………….. 26 COMMERCIAL CHEMICALS

Starch……………………………………. 27 Caustic Soda………...……………………… 59

LOST CIRCULATION MATERIALS DST-50……………………………………... 60

Acid-Wool……………………………….. 28 Gypsum…………………………………….. 61

Cedar Fiber………………………………. 29 Lime………………………………………... 62

Cellophane………………………………. 30 Soda Ash……………………………………. 63

Cottonseed Hulls………………………... 31 Sodium Bicarbonate………………………... 64

Magna Fiber…………………………….. 32 Bio-Clear 1000……………………………... 65

Marble White (Cal. Carb.)………………. 33 BACTERICIDE AND CORROSION

Mica……………………………………... 34 Bac Ban III…………………………………. 66

Multi Seal………………………………... 35 CMS 101……………………………………. 67

Drilling Paper (Mud Seal)……………….. 36 CMS 202……………………………………. 68

Sawdust………………………………….. 37 CMS 303……………………………………. 69

Nut Plug (Pecan or Walnut)…………….. 38 X-CIDE 207………………………………... 70

Western Poly……………………………. 39 X-CIDE 600………………………………... 71

X-CIDE 102………………………………... 72

DESCRIPTION

ADVANTAGES

TYPICAL PROPERTIES

PRINCIPAL USES

CONTAMINANTS

PACKAGING

TECHNICAL SERVICE

HEALTH & SAFETY

WARRANTY

The facts stated and the recommendations and suggestions herein are based upon experiments and information believed to be reliable. No guarantee is made of their accuracy however. QUALITY DRILLING FLUIDS LLC ASSUMES NO LIABILITY FOR PRODUCT FAILURE OTHER THAN TO SUPPLY REPLACEMENT MATERIAL FOR PRODUCTS SHOWN TO BE DEFECTIVE WHEN DELIVERED OR TO REFUND THE PURCHASE PRICE. Except as stated, THERE ARE NO WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, OF MERCHANTABILITY FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR OTHERWISE. QUALITY DRILLING FLUIDS LLC SHALL NOT BE LIABLE FOR SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES. No statement contained herein shall be construed as an inducement to infringe existing patents or as an endorsement of products or specific manufacturers.

ALCOMER 1771 is a synthetic, acrylate-based, medium-molecular weight, anionic polymer produced by Ciba Specialty’s unique micro bead form. The micro bead form exhibits excellent handling characteristics and rapid solubility. ALCOMER 1771 is used primarily in low-solids, non-dispersed fluids to extend the yield of bentonite and to encapsulate low-yield drilled solids for subsequent removal. ALCOMER 1771 is also excellent for increasing viscosity prior to logging operations.

• Increases the yield of bentonite • Increases penetration rates • Helps reduce fluid loss • Reduces overall drilling costs • Micro bead form dust free, flow readily, disperses quickly.

Appearance…………………………..…White, free-flowing micro bead Ionic Character Activity………………...Anionic Activity……………………………….…100% Bulk Density………………………….…0.8, or 50lbs/cu ft. Particle size………………………….… 95% <1mm pH of 1 % soln. @ 25º C……………..…5.5-6.0 Plant Use: As high-quality bentonite reserves continue to decline, it has become a common practice to add a small amount of polymer to the ore, as it is being milled, to assure that the bore will meet API specification of minimum barrel yield. For this application, ALCOMER 1771 is usually added right before the mill to insure proper mixing of the polymer with the ore. Dosage rates are normally less than one pound of polymer per ton of ore. Field Use: ALCOMER 1771 is an excellent in-field extending agent. When viscosifying a drilling fluid, use 0.01-0.02 lbs./bbl of polymer. The viscosity generated will vary with the amount of bentonite and/or solids present ALCOMER 1771 is also used to generate quick increases in viscosity, with minimal or no additions of bentonite, prior to D.S.T.’s, logging or other wire line activities. When logging viscosity is needed, add 0.02-0.03 lbs./bbl of ALCOMER 1771. Unlike most other high-molecular weight acrylate or copolymer-type extenders, ALCOMER 1771 does not “hump” and then quickly lose its Extending capabilities. The viscosity resulting from additions of ALCOMER 1771 is accompanied by non-progressive gel strengths. The increase in viscosity will last approximately 48 hours, depending on circulation rates and the amount of shear encountered. Calcium: Calcium levels should be kept below 250 mg/L by adding sodium bicarbonate or soda ash to the system. If possi-ble, a level of 50 Mg/L of calcium should be maintained, as over-treatment with carbonates, like an excess of calcium reduces the effectiveness of the polymer. Sodium Chloride: As the sodium level increases, the extending capability of ALCOMER 1771 decreases. When chloride levels exceed 10,000 Mg/L, direct additions of ALCOMER 1771 should be discontinued. However, if pre-hydrated bentonite is still being added to the system, additions of ALCOMER 1771 in the pre-hydration tank for extension should be continued. ALCOMER 1771 is supplied in 55 lb. Net polyethylene bags packed 36 to a shrink-wrapped, palletized crate. When stored in a cool, dry place, ALCOMER 1771 has a shelf life of at least two years. Advice in the laboratory testing and field application of Ciba Specialty Chemicals polymers is given by specialists from Ciba Oil Services. They are supported by a complete research, development and customer service laboratory to assist in special applications. Carefully selected agents or Subsidiary Companies also serve most countries in the world. Detailed information on handling and precautions to be observed in the use of the product(s) described in this leaflet can be found in our relevant Health and Safety information sheet. The information contained in this leaflet is given in good faith but no liability is assumed nor is freedom from any patent owned by Ciba Specialty Chemicals or others implied. This information should be taken to represent a specification for the product.

Ciba ®ALCOMER®1771 PRODUCT BULLETIN

BENTONITE EXTENDER

13027 County Road 18 * Fort Lupton, CO 80621 * 303-857-4171 6

DESCRIPTION

A.P.I. SPECIFICATIONS

APPLICATION

LIMITATIONS

MIXING RECOMMENDATIONS

HANDLING & STORAGE

SPECIAL PRECAUTIONS

PACKAGING:


API BENTONITE is a finely ground premium grade western bentonite used as a viscosifier and filtration control agent in water base drilling fluids. It meets or exceeds the American Petroleum Institute’s drilling fluids specification 13A for bentonite. It is a light tan to gray powder, which gives a minimum yield of 91 barrels of 15 cp. mud per ton of bentonite. Suspension Properties: • Viscometer Dial Reading 22.5 lb/bbl • Distilled water at 600 RPM…………………30, minimum Yield Point • Lb per 100 ft²………………………………. 3 x P.B., maximum • Filtrate…………………………………….…15.0 ml maximum Wet Screen Analysis: • Residue on U.S. sieves No. 200…………….. 4.0% maximum • Moisture, as shipped from point of manufacture…10% maximum

API BENTONITE is used in fresh water muds, lime muds, gyp muds and can be pre-hydrated for use in salt muds. Used on concentrations of 5 – 30 lb/bbl (14 – 86 kg/m³). API BENTONITE provides the following:

• Increased viscosity and hole cleaning • Reduced filtration rates into permeable zones • A thin tough filter cake • Stabilization by plastering effect in poorly cemented formations • Reductions in loss of circulation in some cases • Gel structure to drilling fluids For maximum yield, API BENTONITE should be mixed in fresh water. As calcium and chloride levels increase, the yield of the dry product in the water will decrease. Close to maximum yields can be obtained if the water salinity and hardness are main tained below 5,000 mg/l chlorides and 200-mg/l total hardness, respectively. If the chloride concentration exceeds 15,000 mg/l, it is recommended that API BENTONITE be pre-hydrated before adding to the system.

API BENTONITE can be mixed directly into the system through the mud hopper. API BENTONITE can also be pre-hydrated before adding to the system.

API BENTONITE is a non-toxic and there are no special safey requirements for handling and storage.

As with all powdered products, it is recommended that inhalation of dust particles be avoided. API BENTONITE is packaged in 100 lb. (45.4 kg.) multi-wall paper sacks.

API BENTONITE PRODUCT BULLETIN


DESCRIPTION


APPLICATION

LIMITATIONS


HANDLING & STORAGE

SPECIAL PRECAUTIONS

PACKAGING:


BARITE is a precisely ground barite used to increase the density of both oil and water base drilling fluids. It is a chemically inert, light tan to gray powder, which meets or exceeds the American Petroleum Institute’s drilling specification 13A for barite. Specific Gravity……………………………..4.20 minimum Soluble Alkaline Earth Metals as Calcium…. 250 ppm, max Wet Screen Analysis Residue on U.S. Sieve No. 200…….………..3.0% max. Residue on U.S. Sieve No. 325……………...5.0% min. BARITE, used to increase the density of drilling fluids up. Up to approximately 22lb/gal, provides the necessary hydrostatic pressure to balance formation pressures. BARITE is limited to the preparation of weighted fluids to approximately 22lb/gal. BARITE may be mixed either through the mud hopper or bulk tanks. BARITE is a non-toxic and requires no special safety requirements for handling or storage. To ensure free flowing characteristics, BARITE should be kept dry. As with all powdered products, it is recommended that inhalation of dust particles be avoided.

BARITE is available in 100lb (45.4 kg) multiwall paper sacks and in bulk.

The amount of BARITE needed to increase Drilling Fluid Density can be calculated using the following formula: X=----350 S (W-W) 8.33 S-W2 X = 100 pound bags of BARITE W1=Initial mud weight in pounds/gallon W2=Final mud weight in pounds/gallon S = Specific gravity of the weighted material

BARITE PRODUCT BULLETIN


DESCRIPTION

APPLICATION



GUAR GUM is a free flowing organic polymer formulated for low solids, biodegradable drilling fluids used in water well drilling operations. GUAR GUM is designed as an alternative to utilizing commercial bentonite for viscosity. GUAR GUM special characteristics are its ability to provide high viscosities and then change to “water-thin” viscosities almost immediately. Advantages of GUAR GUM:

• Effective viscosifier in small concentrations • Reduces formation damage to pay zones and/or aquifers. • Reduces fluid friction in the circulating system, increases penetration rates, provides more power to the bit. • Reduces water-wetting of shales and clays and therefore provides for better hole stabilization. • Allows for rapid setting of cuttings which results in reduced pump wear.

GUAR GUM should be added through a jet type mixer. Typical rate of addition is 250 pounds/hour. Water pH, salinity and temperature should be considered when determining the amount of GUAR GUM needed to produce a given viscosity. The lower the pH, the higher the viscosity is for a given amount of GUAR GUM. Most natural water will have a pH between 5.5 and 8.5; GUAR GUM should perform well in this pH range. If pH should be lowered, muratic acid may be utilized. (1/2 to ¾ of a quart per 1000 gallons of fluid viscosity of GUAR GUM and usually requires higher concentrations for desired viscosity. Low temperatures result in higher viscosity. The following table provides recommended concentrations for GUAR GUM.

GUAR GUM PRODUCT BULLETIN

Material Drilled Recommended marsh

Funnel Viscosity, sec/qt

Lbs. of GUAR GUM per 1000

gallons at mixing temperatures

45ºF 60ºF 85ºF Fine Sand 40 2.8 3.5 4.2 Medium Sand 50 4.2 4.7 5.6 Coarse Sand 60 4.9 5.5 6.5 Gravel 70 5.5 6.1 7.0 Coarse Gravel 80 6.0 6.5 7.4


DESCRIPTION

APPLICATION

ADVANTAGES

PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS

LIMITATIONS

TOXICITY & HANDLING

PACKAGING & STORAGE


KWIK-PLUG MEDIUM & COARSE is screen-sized bentonite composed of naturally occurring clay, which is used to seal and plug earthen boreholes. KWIK-PLUG will travel through water standing in the hole and reach the bottom of the hole with mini-mum hydration or swelling. The annular space can be completely filled, and bridging of the particles in the upper portion of the hole minimized. Then annular space being completely filled is necessary to form an effective, long-term plug. KWIK PLUG is available in two sizes: KWIK-PLUG COARSE (3/4”) and KWIK-PLUG MEDIUM (3/8”). The size of the open annular space will determine which size should be used. When the annular space is ¾” or more, KWIK PLUG MEDIUM is recommended. When the annular space is 1-1/2” or more, KWIK-PLUG COARSE is recommended.

• Sealing outside casing annulus • Plugging decommissioned bore holes • Sealing lost circulation zones • Sealing above gravel packs

• Prevents entry of surface water into boreholes • Forms a permanent, flexible, down hole seal • Allows hole reentry • Easy to apply and no mixing expense • More cost effective compared to palletized bentonite

Bulk Density

• KWIK-PLUG MEDIUM…………………..68# lb/ft³ • KWIK-PLUG COARSE………..………….64# lb/ft³ • Moisture…………………………………….15% • Permeability of resulting plug………………1 x10-9 • Appearance………………………………….beige to tan powder • Specific Gravity……………………………..2.5 to 2.6

When used as recommended, there are no limitations imposed on this product. Bioassy information available upon request. Handle as an industrial chemical, wearing protective equipment and observing the precautions as described on the Transportation and Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS).

KWIK PLUG is packaged in 50-lb (22.7kg), heavy duty, multi- wall, waterproof sacks. Store in a cool dry place.

KWIK-PLUG PRODUCT BULLETIN

MEDIUM & COARSE


DESCRIPTION

APPLICATION

SHIPPING & HANDLING

TYPICAL

PROPERTIES

METHODS OF

ADDITION

ADVANTAGES

LIMITATIONS

WARRANTY


KWIK-PLUG FINE & MICRO are granular bentonite products composed dried sodium montmorillonite clay. KWIK-PLUG may be used as a sealant for earthen structure and dry shallow hole abandonment. KWIK-PLUG can also be used to control loss circulation in mud rotary or coring operations.

• Seal or grout casing in well construction • Plug abandoned earthen bore holes • Seal ponds & other water structures

Bioassay information available upon request. Handle as an industrial chemical, wearing protective equipment and observing the precautions as described on the Transportation and Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS). Appearance …………………………………………Gray-white granules Specific Gravity………………………………………2.5 Solubility………………………………………………Insoluble in water Kwik-Plug Fine...…………………………………….95% min.passing 4 mesh 5% max. passing 20 mesh Kwik-Plug Micro……………………………………95% min. passing 8 mesh 5% max. passing 40 mesh

For EARTHEN STRUCTURE SEAL, the normal treatment is 1to 2lbs/sq. ft., dependant upon soil type. Treatment concentra-tion should be tested using a 5-gallon bucket with holes punched in the bottom. Put the soil to be treated in the bucket and add 1-2 lbs. of KWIK-PLUG. Pour water into the bucket and observe the seal. By using this method, the exact concentration of KWIK-PLUG can be determined. For LOSS CIRCULATION CONTROL in mud rotary applications, add KWIK-PLUG directly to the suction pit. For coring rig applications, mix KWIK-PLUG in vegetable oil then pour down the rods. Pump slurry to the point of the loss circulation. Pick up the rods and wait while the slurry hydrate. For DRY SHALLOW HOLE ABONDONMENT, pour the required amount of KWIK-PLUG directly down the bore hole and hydrate with fresh water.

• High swelling Wyoming bentonite that forms tight seals. • Granular product with reduced dust • Forms a low permeable flexible seal

When used as recommended, there are no limitations imposed on this product.

This material is supplied solely for informational purposes and M-I L.L.C. makes no guarantees or warranties, either expressed or implied, with respect to the accuracy or use of this data. All product warranties and guarantees shall be governed by the Standard Terms of Sale.


KWIK-PLUG PRODUCT BULLETIN

FINE & MICRO

DESCRIPTION

APPLICATION

ADVANTAGES

LIMITATIONS

PHYSICAL PROPERTIES


MAX GEL viscosifier is a premium Wyoming Bentonite blended with special extenders producing a viscosifier that will yield more than twice as much viscosity as regular Wyoming Bentonite. MAX GEL is a high yielding, easily mixed, superior mud making bentonite in fresh water. MAX GEL is used in the following applications to rapidly build mud viscosity and provide superior hole cleaning, as well as to help control lost unconsolidated formations.

• Portable water wells • Mineral exploration holes • Directional horizontal crossing holes • Diamond coring • Blast holes • Shaft drilling • Monitoring/observation wells • Gel-foam air drilling application

• Yields more than twice as much mud of the same viscosity as an equal amount of API-Standard Bentonite • Non-toxic and proven suitable for use in drilling portable • Fluids have sheer thinning properties which provide good hole cleaning characteristics • Increased penetration rates are exhibited due to lower solids content • Transportation and storage costs are reduces due to lower treatment requirements as compared to straight Bentonite

• Looses effectiveness in water containing >5,000 mg/1 sodium chloride or 280 mg/1 Calcium • If dispersants or thinners are to be used, they should be added with caution and only in concentrations at 40 to 50%

of amounts normally used in deflocculated systems Physical appearance……………………………Light tan Specific Gravity…………………………………2.3-2.5 Approximate yield……………………………….220

MAX GEL NSF APPROVED PRODUCT BULLETIN

TYPICAL AMOUNTS OF MAX GEL ADDITIONS ADDED TO FRESH WATER

Drilling Application/Desired Results lb./100 gal lb./bbl kg/m3

Normal Drilling 15-25 6-11 15-30

In gravel or other poorly consolidated formation 25-40 6-11 35-50

Lost Circulation 35-45 6-11 40-45

Added to freshwater mud to improve hole cleaning properties, increase hole stability and develop thin filter cakes.

5-10

2-5

6-14


DESCRIPTION

TYPICAL PROPERTIES

APPLICATION

ADVANTAGES

LIMITATIONS

TOXICITY & HANDLING

PACKAGING HANDLING


SALT GEL viscosifier is Attapulgite clay. It is an effective viscosifier in any water including brackish, seawater, or saturated. Appearance: Light gray powder Wet Screen Analysis: 8% maximum residue on U.S. Sieve # 200 Specific Gravity: 2.2-2.4 Suspension Properties: 30 minimum, 600 rpm dial reading* Moisture: 16% maximum as shipped

*suspension of 20 grams of clay in 350 cc’s saturated sodium chloride (NaCI) solution.

SALT GEL viscosifier is used to build viscosity in any water. Adding 20 ppb (57 kg/m³) will provide a 15cp mud, or a funnel viscosity of approximately 36 seconds per quart. SALT GEL requires mechanical shear and agitation for maximum viscosity. SALT GEL is not a hydrated clay and therefore does not depend on water absorption and swelling to create viscosity. The unique viscosity building properties of SALT GEL make it particularly applicable in seawater, saturated salt water, brine systems and high fluid loss squeezes for lost circulation problems. SALT GEL is a good viscosifier, but due to the rod like shape of its particles, does not provide fluid loss control. Supplemental fluid loss agents will be required if fluid loss control is needed. No special precautions in handling and storage are required. A dust respirator and goggles are recommended when mixing in enclosed areas. Bioassay information on SALT GEL is available upon request. SALT GEL is available in 100lb multi-play bags.

SALT GEL PRODUCT BULLETIN


DESCRIPTION

APPLICATIONS

ADVANTAGES

LIMITATIONS

PROPERTIES

TOXICITY & HANDLING

PACKAGING &

STORAGE


SMOOTH BORE is a proprietary blended high yielding Wyoming Bentonite supplied as a single sack product used especially in boring fluid filtration control and helps reduce torque and drag for water base applications. The product is non-toxic and environmentally safe. SMOOTH BORE is used to increase viscosity, improve well bore stability, filtration control and helps reduce torque and drag for boring fluid applications. It is a cost-effective product for achieving viscosity for hole cleaning, gel strength, for cuttings suspension and transport, wellbore stability, fluid loss control and filter cake quality in freshwater and seawater applications. Typical concentrations for SMOOTH BORE range from 15-to 45-lb/100 gal (18-54 kg/m³).

• One sack product for ease of mixing and reducing the number of products required to prepare boring fluid. • Hydrates more than other types of clays and is best for generating viscosity for hole cleaning, developing

gels for suspension and controlling filtration. • SMOOTH BORE’s unique size, shape and high surface area provides superior filtration characteristics. • Provides lubricity and wellbore stability for ease of drilling and stability of water sensitive clays and shales. • Non-toxic and environmentally safe.

Performance is reduced in salty (75,000 mg/1 CL) or hard (>240 mg/1 Ca+++) waters due to decreased hydration.

• Physical appearance……………………..light tan/gray-green powder • Specific Gravity…………………………...2.3-2.6 • Bulk Density………………………….……48-52 lb/ft³ (769-833kg/m³)

Bioassay information available upon request. Handle as an industrial chemical, wearing protective equipment and observing the precautions as described on the Transportation and Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) SMOOTH BORE is packaged in 50-lb. Multiwall sacks (22.7-kg). Store in a well=ventilated and dry area.

SMOOTH BORE PRODUCT BULLETIN


DESCRIPTION

PRINCIPAL USES

TYPICAL PROPERTIES

PACKAGING

TECHNICAL SERVICE

HEALTH & SAFETY

WARRANTY


ALCOMER 74L is a concentrated aqueous solution of an acrylate copolymer. It functions by absorbing on aggregated clay particles in the drilling fluid and dispersing them, thus reducing viscosity and gel strength. It has the following advantages:

• Tolerance to calcium and magnesium contamination • Low toxicity • Thermal stability to 250°C • Functions over a wide pH range

ALCOMER 74L is designed for use as a rheological control agent in water based drilling fluids. ALCOMER 74L offers increased divalent metal ion resistance over ALCOMER 74L particularly at Elevated temperatures. ALCOMER 74L will also function as a gel preventer and helps reduce fluid loss in most mud systems at temperatures up to 250º C. Typical dosage 1-4 lbs/bbl.

• Appearance Ionic……………………………..Amber liquid • Active Content………………………………....40% • pH………………………………………….……7.0 • Specific Gravity………………………………..1.30 • Viscosity (Brookfield 250º C) 600 Cp

ALCOMER 74L is supplied in kegs, 25 kg. 55 lb net or 551 lb drums. Advice on the laboratory testing and field application of Ciba Specialty Chemicals polymers is given by specialists from our Oil Services. A complete research, development and customer service laboratory to assist in special applications supports them. Carefully selected agents of Subsidiary Companies also serve most countries in the world. Detailed information on handling and any precautions to be observed in the use of the product(s) described in this leaflet can be found in our relevant Health and Safety information sheet. The information contained in this leaflet is given in good faith but no liability is assumed nor is freedom from any patent owned by Ciba Specialty Chemicals or others implied. This information should be taken to represent a specification for the product

Ciba®ALCOMER®74L PRODUCT BULLETIN

POLYMERIC THINNER


DESCRIPTION

TYPICAL PROPERTIES

APPLICATIONS

LIMITATIONS


SPECIAL PRECAUTIONS

PACKAGING


DESCO is a readily soluble, highly effective mud conditioner used to control viscosity, gel strengths and high temperature shear strength in fresh or salt water muds. DESCO is two or three times more effective than comparable thinners. Used in small amounts, it will break gels and defoam low-solids muds with little effect on flow properties. It is an outstanding mud condi-tioner for high temperature and high total hardness muds. DESCO is a chrome containing modified tannin.

• Sulfomethylated tannin-sodium dichromate mixture. • Appearance…………Reddish-orange, free flowing flakes. • Solubility in Water…Complete • Weight % Cr………..4.6%

DESCO is a multi-purpose mud conditioner for use in all water base fluids. DESCO is effective in controlling Rheological prop-erties under extreme conditions of temperature and contaminants. DESCO is recommended for all types of fresh, salt, and calcium based water systems. Recommended treatments vary from 0.25 lb/bbl for low solids muds to as high as 2-4 lb/bbl for weighted dispersed systems. DESCO will reduce corrosion by scavenging oxygen. DESCO also works synergistically with lignite and chrome lignosulfonate in controlling the rheological and filtration properties of drilling fluids. DESCO may be used effectively in any type of water base system. It has a temperature stability of ~400º and tolerates both Na+ and Ca++ type contaminations. Mix through the mud hopper or through the chemical barrel. DESCO is highly soluble and no addition of caustic is necessary.

As with any powdered or flaked produce, it is recommended that inhalation of dust particles be avoided. DESCO is a modified tannin, which contains the heavy metal chrome. Appropriate precautions should be taken when the product is to be used in any environmentally sensitive area. DESCO is packaged in 25 lb. (11.4 kg.) multiwall paper sacks

DESCO PRODUCT BULLETIN


DESCRIPTION

ADVANTAGES

APPLICATION

COST

MUD TYPES

MIXING REQUIREMENTS

HANDLING

PACKAGING


DESCO Chrome-Free deflocculant is a propriety tannin-based product used for rheology control in water-based muds. It is very effective for rheology control in areas with the strictest environmental regulations. It is effective in low concentrations without requiring the use of caustic soda.

• Environmentally compatible • Maximum deflocculation at low concentrations • Soluble in systems of high-salinity, high-hardness and at any pH • 4 to 8 times more effective than CF lignosulfonates, depending on conditions • Temperature tolerance in excess of 300°F (149-C) • Solution pH is 8.5+ - no caustic needed to activate

Total well costs are often lower as a result of high product efficiency, with fewer mud problems and less rig time. DESCO CF deflocculant’s high potency results in lower costs for trucking, inventory and handling. Most water-based mud formulations.

Mix through hopper. For specific instructions refer to MSDS information or as illustrated on product containers. 25-pound, multiwall paper sacks

DESCO Chrome-Free PRODUCT BULLETIN

APPLICATION MATERIAL NEEDED

Low solids, semi-dispersed muds .1 to .5 ppb (3 to 2 Kg/m³)

Supplement lignolsulfonate, lignite muds Ratio of 4 CF lignosulfonate to 1 DESCO CF

Deep hot drilling where lignosulfonate starts to degrade. Ratio of 2-4 CF lignosulfonate to 1 DESCO CF

Conditioning drilling muds for packer fluids (any density) .5 to 3 ppb (2 to 9 kg/m³)

Inhibited KCL, lime or GYP muds .5 to 3 ppb (s to 9 kg/m³)

Cement preflush 2 to 3 ppb (6 to 9kg/m³)


DESCRIPTION

TYPICAL PROPERTIES

APPLICATIONS


LIGNITE-LIG is a leonardite type coal, which is very high in humic acid content. LIGNITE-LIG is comparable to Super Lig, Tanna-Thin, Carbonox, and IMOC Lig.

• Appearance………………………….Free-flowing, dark brown to black powder • pH…………………………………....4.1-4.4 • Moisture……………………………..12-14% • Solubility (10% Caustic solution)…...90%+

LIGNITE-LIG is an effective fluids loss control additive over a wide range of drilling fluid types. It effectively reduces fluid loss in fresh water, brackish water and seawater, as well as line and gyp muds. It is also effective as a rheological control agent in relatively fresh water muds (15,000 mg/1 CI-) and at temperatures less than 250º.

LIGNITE PRODUCT BULLETIN


DESCRIPTION

APPLICATION

SHIPPING & HANDLING

RCRA, SARA, CERCLA

CLASSIFICATION

TYPICAL PROPERTIES

COMPATIBILITY

ALTERNATIVE USES


NW-220 is a dispersant polymer formulated to replace phosphate in well development. The electrolyte activity of the polymer efficiently penetrates bentonite or natural clay agglomerations, deflocing the clay particulate thus blocking the natural adhesive action. NW-220 is also effective in development following hypochlorite oxidization of synthetic drilling polymers. The polymeric electrolyte, which is the NW-220 product, is specifically a well-development chemistry. It utilizes “like-charge” activity to an advantage in clay removal, while at the same time, provides a cleaning action (on any sand granules) that removes silts expe- diting cleaning, settlement and compaction around the well screen. The water solubility of the polymer is infinite which means washout of the product following use is 100%. THERE ARE NO RESIDUALS TO CEMENT CLAY OR SILTS IN PLACE OR TO REMAIN AS FOOD FOR BACTERIAL GROWTH AS IS PREVALENT WITH PHOSPHATE USAGE. Use NW-220 in well development procedures as you would phosphates. Remove fill, determine the circulating and/or borehole volume and apply NW-220 at the rate of 1 gallon per 500 gallons of water. Vigorously agitate (by pressure-wash, surge block, etc.) for several hours-a reasonable time is approximately ½ hour per 20 foot of intake interval- to force flow through the screen to the borehole. If left to stand overnight, agitate before pump out. NW-220 is not any faster than phosphates, only MUCH BET- TER. For optimum removal of beneficiated bentonite muds, pretreat with 1500-ppm chlorine overnight (12 hrs). Not regulated as a hazardous material under 49C 172.101. This product is not a hazardous waste under RCRA 40CFR 261. The product is not considered dangerous and requires no special handling; however in storage or use, avoid contact with strong acids or alkaline-based products. This product is not contained in any of the above listing no reportable inventory listings are required; and waste from this product is not considered a hazardous substance.

• Appearance Ionic………………………………Light Amber Liquid • Density…………………………………………..10.5 lbs/gal • Volatility…………………………………………Non-volatile • Freeze Point…………………………………….26° F • Specific Gravity………………………………...1.27 • pH (as drummed)……………………………….7.0 • Solubility…………………………………………100% in water

NW-220 is a polymer material, which is subject to damage from strong acids or alkalies. The product is compatible however, with diluted forms of either material. Because of its polymer sensitivity it should not be mixed directly with strong concentrations of oxidizing agents such as chlorine dioxide, chlorine solution, hydrogen peroxide or potassium permanganate. Concentrations of 1% or below of these oxidizers will not affect the polymer or its activity.

To significantly improve well disinfection add NW-220 to your chlorine solution. This will increase penetration and dispersion of the chemistry into the tight confines of the well environment.

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NW-220 PRODUCT BULLETIN

DISPERSANT POLYMER


GENERAL DESCRIPTION

PHOSPATE REPLACEMENT

APPLICATION

PACKAGING

HEALTH & SAFETY

WARRANTY


PRODUCT SPECIFICATION

This chemical provided shall not be listed as a hazardous material by the US Dept. of Transportation (DOT) 49CFR 172.101 or crate a hazardous waste under RCRA 40CRFR 261 or contain any heavy metals. The products shall be supplied in DOT / UN approved containers suitable for easy disposal. A polymer dispersant capable of de-flocing mud (natural clay or bentonite) should be furnished equivalent to NW-220 as distrib-uted by US Filter/Johnson Screens. The dispersant shall be capable of de-flocing clay particles when used at concentrations of 0.2% or the well volume (1 gallon per 500 gallons). It must not be listed under RCRA, SARA, or CLERA classifications and the discharge of the product must not be considered hazardous. The dispersant provided must be 100% water-soluble capable of complete wash out from the well and its use should not promote bacterial growth. The product should not be bio-accumulating. Apply the dispersant at 0.2% concentration of the total well volume, to remove synthetic mud polymer, after chlorination has been performed. The product should be worked into the well with customary mechanical efforts used in well development. NW-220 is supplied in 5, 30, 55 gallon containers.

Detailed information on handling and any precautions to be observed in the use of the products(s) described in this leaflet can be found in our relevant Health and Safety information sheet.

The information contained in this leaflet is given in good faith but no liability is assumed nor is freedom from any patent owned by US FILTER / Johnson Screens or others implied. This information should not be taken to represent a specification for the product.

NW-220 PRODUCT BULLETIN

DISPERSANT POLYMER CONTINUED FROM PREVIOUS PAGE


DESCRIPTION

FUNCTIONS

FEATURES

MIXING CONCENTRATIONS

LIMITATIONS

TOXICOLOGY & SAFETY

GENERAL INFORMATION

PACKAGING


MF-1 is a high molecular weight non-ionic polyacrylamide designed to inhibit clays and shales. MF-1 is a dry powder. MF-1’s primary function is to minimize the disintegration and dispersion of clays and shales. This will enable larger solids to be transported to the surface for removal and improve well bore stability. MF-1 improved rheology by helping reduce the build up of colloidal size solids.

MF-1 does not increase the plastic viscosity and point, as anionic polyacrylamides will. This enables optimum rheology and allows their addition in adequate quantities for shale inhibition. It can be added to high solid fluids without creating unmanage-able viscosities. MF-1 enables optimum rheology control with polymer viscosifiers such as Kelzan XC, Kelzan XCD, XANVIS and BIOZAN.

Add MF-1 slowly through the hopper to ensure complete mixing.

An initial treatment of 0.1-0.5 lb/bbl MF-1 is recommended prior to drilling into the hydratable shale section. Maintenance treat-ment levels per 100 feet of hole drilled will vary from 2-10 lb MF-1 depending upon the hole size and conditions of cuttings. A “balling” of the cuttings should be maintained across the shaker screen. Some polymer loss will occur due to encapsulation of cuttings and through filtration. MF-1 will function at temperatures up to 400ºF (205ºC). Hardness below 200 mg/L and low salinity will improve performance. Compatibility testing is recommended with all but standard drilling fluids additives.

MF-1 is a non-hazardous material and can safely be used in environmentally sensitive areas.

• Chemical Name………………………….Non-ionic Polyacrylamide • Bulk Density…………………………..…-1 40-60 lb/ft³ • Appearance……………………………....White powder • DOT Classification……………………...Non-hazardous

25-two pound (2lb) sacks per 50 lb box.

MF-1 PRODUCT BULLETIN

FLOCCULANT


DESCRIPTION

TYPICAL PROPERTIES

APPLICATIONS

LIMITATIONS


HANDLING & STORAGE

SPECIAL PRECAUTIONS

PACKAGING


SAPP is a highly effective balanced polyphosphate. It is an effective chemical for conditioning and thinning low pH mud sys-tems and is an excellent cement contamination treating agent.

• Formula………………………………..Na2H2P207 • Appearance……………………………White, free-flowing powder • Bulk Density…………………………..66 lb/ft³ • Specific Gravity………………………1.86 • Melting Point…………………………220° F • Solubility………………………………13 g/100g Solution @ 25º C • pH………………………………………4.2

SAPP is a highly effective thinner in low pH fluids, 9.5 or less. SAPP is usually used in conjunction with other organic thinner. For thinning, 0.1-0.5 lb/bbl will suffice since this material is very powerful dispersant. SAPP is also used to treat cement contamination. It is an excellent material because it will drive down the pH enabling the calcium to come into solution and allowing sequestering to occur. The concentration needed for cement contamination will vary depending on the hardness and type of cement. CLS and SAPP work extremely well together in treating cement contamination. SAPP is limited to use in shallow or “cool” wells due to its temperature limitation of about 200 degrees F. Free oxygen which may be entrained in drilling fluids is also detrimental to the performance due to a breakdown of the polyphosphate chain. The chloride content of the drilling fluid system must also be considered in those chlorides above 15,000 mg/1inhibit the perform-ance of SAPP. SAPP can be mixed through the mud hopper or in a chemical barrel that has some type of stirrer, otherwise the material will settle to the bottom of the barrel. Store in cool, dry, ventilated area and avoid moisture. When mixing, utilize goggles and gloves to avoid eye and skin irritations. SAPP is packaged in 100 lb. (45.4 kg) multiwall paper sacks

SODIUM ACID PYROPHOSPHATE—SAPP PRODUCT BULLETIN


DESCRIPTION

PRINCIPAL USES

TYPICAL PROPERTIES

PACKAGING

TECHNICAL SERVICE

HEALTH & SAFETY

WARRANTY


ALCOMER 507 is a medium molecular weight copolymer of sodium acrylate and acrylamide. It improves Fluid loss control by absorbing on the solids in the drilling fluid and sealing the channels between them in the filter cake lining the well bore. ALCOMER 507 also improves fluid stability and controls rheology. ALCOMER 507 is designed for use in water based drilling fluids, particularly low solids non-dispersed fresh water systems. Calcium levels should be controlled 300 ppm for optimum performance. Good fluid loss control normally achieved at dosages of 0.5 - 2.0 lbs/bbl.

• Appearance Ionic……………………..White free flowing micro-beads • Bulk Density……………………………0.75 g/cm³

ALCOMER 507 is supplied in bags, 22.67 kg (50lb.) net polyethylene bags packed 36 to a shrink-wrapped palletized crate. Whenever possible, ALCOMER 507 should be stored in a cool, dry area. ALCOMER 507 has a shelf life of at least two years. Advice on the laboratory testing and field application of Ciba Specialty Chemicals polymers is given by specialists from our Oil Services. A complete research, development and customer service laboratory to assist in special applications supports them. Carefully selected agents of Subsidiary Companies also serve most countries in the world. Detailed information on handling and any precautions to observed in the use of the product(s) described in this leaflet can be found in our relevant Health and Safety information sheet. The information contained in this leaflet is given in good faith but no liability is assumed nor is freedom from any patent owned by Ciba Specialty Chemicals or others implied. This information should be taken to represent a specification for the product.

Ciba®ALCOMER®507 PRODUCT BULLETIN

FLUID LOSS ADDITIVE


DESCRIPTION

PACKAGING

MUD TYPES

ADVANTAGES

SPECIAL USES

MIXING REQUIREMENTS

HANDLING &

STORAGE

DESIRED SOLIDS CONTROL

EQUIPMENT

COST

SHIPPING & HANDLING


Regular and Superlo grades, polyanionic cellulose polymer (Regular is high viscosity, Superlo is medium viscosity).

50-pound multi-wall paper sacks. Water-base drilling muds, work-over and completion fluids of any salinity. Hardness below 500ppm.

• Works well at any salinity • Controls fluids loss • Reduces clay invasion • Retard drilled solids build-up • Faster penetration rates • Promotes fragile gels • Produces thin, slick, tough filter cake • Reduces friction and frequency of differential sticking • Increases resistance of clay muds to contamination • Good thermal stability (400º F infield use, depending on conditions) • No preservative needed • Non-polluting. Safe to use on all locations • Increases carrying capacity

• Semi non-dispersed muds …………...½ to 2 ppb • Workover/completion fluids………... ¾ to 2 ppb

Mix slowly through conventional jet type hopper.

DRISPAC POLYMERS are non-toxic and there are no special safety requirements for handling and storage.

Un-weighted systems: rig shale shaker, de-sander, and de-silter weighted systems: Fine-screen shaker, centrifuge, mud cleaner. Mud cost for interval drilled can range from less to more, depending upon system comparisons. Total well cost for interval drilled is usually lowered. For specific instructions, refer to MSDS information and labels on the product container.

DRISPAC POLYMERS PRODUCT BULLETIN

REGULAR & SUPERLO

APPLICATIONS: MATERIAL NEEDS: Fluid loss control 1/10 to 3 ppb Inhibition/Encapsulation ¾ to 3 ppb Improve filter cake ½ ppb Improved and stabilized rheology ½ ppb to 1 ppb Reduced stick pipe/frequency ½ to ¾ ppb


DESCRIPTION

PACKAGING

MUD TYPES

ADVANTAGES

SPECIAL USES

MIXING REQUIREMENTS

HANDLING &

STORAGE


EQUIPMENT

COST


A highly dispersible polyanionic cellulose polymer, available in Regular and Superlo grades. (Regular is a high viscosity, Superlo is a medium viscosity.) 50- pound multi-wall paper sacks. Water-base drilling muds, work-over and completion fluids of any salinity. Hardness below 500ppm.

• Eliminates fish eyes in mud • Works well at any salinity • Controls Fluid loss • Reduces clay invasion • Retards drilled solids build-up • Faster penetration rates • Improves mud stability • Promotes fragile gels • Produces thin, slick, tough filter cake • Reduces friction and frequency of differential sticking • Increases resistance of clay muds to contamination • Good thermal stability (400ºF+ infield use, depending on conditions) • No preservative needed • Non-polluting. Safe to use on all locations • Increases carrying capacity

• Semi non-dispersed muds ……………..1/2 to 2 ppb • Work-over/completion fluids………... ..3/4 to 2 ppb

Mix slowly through conventional jet type hopper.

DRISPAC POLYMERS are non-toxic and there are no special safety requirements for handling and storage.

Un-weighted systems: rig shale shaker, de-sander, and de-silter weighted systems: Fine-screen shaker, centrifuge, mud cleaner. Mud cost for interval drilled can range from less to more, depending upon system comparisons. Total well cost for interval drilled is usually lowered.

DRISPAC POLYMERS PRODUCT BULLETIN

APPLICATIONS: MATERIAL NEEDS: Fluid loss control 1/10 to 3 ppb Inhibition/Encapsulation 3/4 to 3 ppb Improve filter cake 1/2 ppb Improved and stabilized rheology 1/2 ppb to 1 ppb Reduced stick pipe/frequency 1/2 to 3/4 ppb


DESCRIPTION

ACTIVITY

PACKAGING

MUD TYPES

APPLICATIONS


A high viscosity, pure polyanionic cellulosic polymer suspended in an ultra-clean mineral oil. The mineral oil contains zero aromatics and is currently used as a lubricant for food processing equipment.

40% DRISPAC polymer by weight.

5- gallon plastic pails with easy pour spouts. Sold 24 pails to the pallets.

Water-base drilling muds, work-over and completion fluids of an salinity. Hardness below 500 ppm.

• Works well at any salinity • Controls fluid loss • Retards drilled solids build-up • Faster penetration rates • Improves mud stability • Produces thin, slick, tougher filter cake • Works well on rigs with poor mixing facilities • Reduces friction and frequency of differential sticking • Increases resistance of clay muds to contamination • No-preservative needed, polymer in non fermenting • Non-polluting. Safe to use on all locations • May be poured down drill pipe • Increases carrying capacity of fluid • Mixes well in low shear environments

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APPLICATIONS:

Pounds per Barrel Gal of Liquid DRISPAC Concentration 100 Gal. Mud Water Fluid loss control 0.50-5 ppb 0.5-1.5 gal/100 gal Inhibition/Encapsulation 1.50-5 ppb 0.5-1.5 gal/100 gal Improve filter cake 1.25 ppb 0.5 gal/100 gal Improved and stabilized rheology 1.25-2.5 ppb 0.5-.75 gal/100 gal Reduced stick pipe/frequency 1.25-2.5 ppb 0.5-.75 gal/100 gal

Improved hole cleaning 0.50-3.0 ppb 0.5-1 gal/100 gal

LIQUID DRISPAC POLYMER PRODUCT BULLETIN


SPECIAL USES

MIXING REQUIREMENTS

HANDLING & STORAGE


EQUIPMENT

COST

SHIPPING & HANDLING


1. As a viscosifier in water well drilling fluids. 2. As a viscosifier, filtrate reducer, and borehole stabilizer in water-based drilling fluids used in mineral drilling and coring operations. Mixes at low shear through the mud hopper or may be added directly down the drill-pipe.

Un-weighed systems: rig shale shaker, de-sander, and de-silter/weighted systems: Fine screen shaker, centrifuge, mud cleaner. Flash point: 185º F Pour point -35º F Freeze point 45º F Freeze/thaw cycle does not affect stability or performance of product. Mud cost for interval drilled can range from less to more, depending upon system comparisons. Total well cost for interval drilled is usually lower. Non-polluting and safe to handle. For specific instruction, refer to the MSDS information and labels on the product container.

CONTINUED FROM PREVIOUS PAGE LIQUID DRISPAC POLYMER

PRODUCT BULLETIN


DESCRIPTION

TYPICAL

PROPERTIES

APPLICATIONS

LIMITATIONS


HANDLING & STORAGE

SPECIAL PRECAUTIONS

PACKAGING


STARCH W is a white pre-gelatinized cornstarch for filtration control in all types of water base. Appearance: White, free-flowing powder Specific Gravity: 0.5-0.6 Solubility: 100% STARCH W is an effective, economical filtration control agent in virtually any water base drilling fluid. STARCH W is pre-gelatinized for maximum effectiveness. It is a compatible with a wide range of contaminants including sodium (Na+), calcium (Ca++) and magnesium (Mg++). STARCH W is one of the most economical substances for reducing fluid loss in strongly alkaline, salt-saturated, lime and gyp muds. When the chlorides approach 20,000 mg/l in water based muds, the effectiveness of CMC and polyacrylated is diminished. STARCH W can be introduced into the system at this point to control the fluid loss. STARCH W is utilized in concentrations of 3-8 lb/bbl along with 15-30 lb/bbl of SALT GEL (attapulgite) or SEA MUD for a drilling fluid system which can tolerate contaminants such as salt (NaCI) and anhydrite (CaSO4). This system can be dispersed with lignosulfonates, if desired, as long as the pH can be adjusted to the range of 9-11. Depending on the environment and amount of shear applied to the mud, filtration rates of 5-15 cc and funnel viscosities of 4-80 sec/qt will result of mixed as above. A rule of thumb for filtration reduction is that each 1 lb/bbl of STARCH 2 will cut the fluid loss in half. Large additions (4-6 Lb/bbl) will raise the viscosity of the mud. STARCH W is subject to bacterial degradation. If the drilling fluid contains less than approximately 190,000 mg/l chloride and/or the pH is less than 11.5, PARACIDE (paraformaldehyde) or POLYCIDE will be needed to eliminate the bacteria. Even in high salt or pH environments, certain bacteria and fungi can survive and reproduce, causing degradation of STARCH W. The recommended concentration of each is PARACIDE-0.25-1 Lb/bbl, POLYCIDE- 4-6ppm. Test kits are available to check the concentration of the bactericides. The effectiveness of STARCH W diminishes rapidly with temperatures in excess of 250º F like all corn starch derivatives. The effectiveness of STARCH W is also diminished in high calcium, high pH, and saturated brine systems.

Mix STARCH W through the hopper at approximately 5-10 minutes per sack. Do not mix too rapidly or settling and fish eyes will result. Store in a dry facility. Vacuum or sweep up spills. As with all powdered products, it is recommended that inhalation of dust particles be avoided. STARCH W is packaged in 50 lb (22.7 kg.) multi-wall sacks.

STARCH W PRODUCT BULLETIN


DESCRIPTION

TYPICAL CHEMICAL ANALYSIS

APPLICATIONS

LIMITATIONS

PACKAGING


ACID-WOOL is a specially formulated, strong flexible fiber designed to give increased circulation by bridging and plugging off voids and fractures in all formations. The interlocking nature of the strong fibers provides a framework for forming a low permeability mud cake with a resultant reduction in drilling fluid loss and caving of soft formations. ACID-WOOL is easily wetted by and compatible with oil and water-based muds and emulsions. A specific gravity of approxi-mately 2.6 reduces tendency to float and increases its efficiency. Although inert to drilling fluids, the fiber is non-corrosive to expensive equipment, while maintaining a high solubility in dilute hydrochloric acid. It is particularly adaptable to work over and completion operations. A low alkaline, flexible inorganic mineral fiber, ACID-WOOL does not have the skin irritation properties of brittle fiber materi-als of high silica content nor the toxicity of some organic compounds. ACID-WOOL can be used in concentrations of up to 30 + lb/bbl in slug treatments or as additive to entire system. ACID-WOOL has been used in concentrations of ½ bag every 30 min. for ongoing seepage, to concentrations of 5-15 lb/bbl for seepage/partial or total losses. ACID-WOOL is particularly suitable for oil base mud, when more than 6-10 bags are mixed at once, a man Should be at the shaker screen when the slug comes around (to clean or bypass the shaker screen). ACID-WOOL can be used in all oil and water based systems. ACID-WOOL should be added directly into pits and gunned into the mud; it can be mixed through the mud hopper, but much slower. When acid solubility is not important, a combination of materials can be added to ensure a good particle size distribution.. ACID-WOOL is available in 30 lb. plastic sacks.

ACID-WOOL PRODUCT BULLETIN

COMPOSITION %WEIGHT Sio² 38-42 AL²O³ 8-12 CaO 19-28 MgO 5-9 Fe²O³ 10-16 Total Alkalies as Na²O 2-3 SO³ 1.0 Loss on ignition 0.5 pH in Water Less than 8.0 % Water soluble Less than 0.2 Water soluble sulfate Less than 0.05 Melting point 2400º F


DESCRIPTION

APPLICATION

TREATMENT

PACKAGING & STORAGE


Cedar Fiber is a specially processed blend of fibers of controlled length, giving proper size distribution for regaining circulation. • Non-fermenting • Amounts used vary from 1% to 35% by volume

Cedar Fiber is used to prevent the loss of fluid to the formation and to help restore circulation once it is lost. The amount and type of lost circulation material that should be used will depend on the severity of the loss, the formation and the size of fractures encountered. Generally, 5.0-25.0 ppb of lost circulation material is incorporated into the mud system to combat down-hole losses. The best results are usually achieved when a combination of different lost circulation products with varying sized particles is used. Cedar Fiber is packaged in 40-lb (18kg) bags.

CEDAR FIBER PRODUCT BULLETIN


DESCRIPTION

APPLICATION

TREATMENT

PACKAGING


Cellophane is carefully sized cellophane strips which are chemically inert. Cellophane is used to prevent the loss of fluid to the formation and to help restore circulation once it is lost. The amount and type of lost circulation material that should be used will depend on the severity of the loss, the formation and the size of fractures encountered. Generally, 5.0-25.0 ppb of lost circulation material is incorporated into the mud system to combat down-hole losses. The best results are usually achieved when combination of different lost circulation products with varying sized particles is used. 25# Sacks

CELLOPHANE PRODUCT BULLETIN


DESCRIPTION

APPLICATION

LIMITATIONS

PACKAGING


COTTONSEED HULLS are a fibrous, biodegradable material that are excellent bridging agents when large particle size materi-als are needed. The may be used in any water base mud system.

COTTONSEED HULLS are used in concentrations of up to 20 Lb/bbl as slug treatments or as an additive to the entire system. In areas of known lost circulation zones, it is advisable to pre-treat the system before drilling into the zone of loss. COTTON-SEED HULLS can be mixed through the mud hopper or added directly to the pits and gunned into the mud. The most important aspect of combating lost circulation is utilizing the correct particle size. Consequently, it is recommended that a combination of materials be added to ensure a good particle size distribution. If left in the mud for extended periods of time, COTTONSEED HULLS may be susceptible to bacterial degradation, resulting in the release of H2S and CO2 into the mud. To prevent fermentation, a bactericide may be necessary. COTTONSEED HULLS should not be used in oil muds. COTTONSEED HULLS, are available in 50 lb. (22.7) and 100 lb.(45.4 kg) burlap or paper sacks.

COTTONSEED HULLS PRODUCT BULLETIN


DESCRIPTION

APPLICATION


MAGMA FIBER is specially formulated extrusion spun mineral fiber. This coarse, long flexible fiber will give increased circu-lation by bridging and plugging off voids, fractures and all types of permeable formations. It is an inert, non-damaging LCM/Sweep material that is environmentally safe with a LC-50 of one million. It’s an interlocking mineral fiber that provides a strong framework for an extremely durable mud cake. It’s effective in hard-to-plug permeable unconsolidated formations because it naturally migrates to areas of high permeability and avoids areas of low permeability. It’s compatible with fresh water, salt wa-ter, oil based muds and emulsions and in completion/work over fluids. It’s thermally stable at temperatures up to 1,800 degrees and its specific gravity of 2.6 reduces the tendency to float. MAGMA FIBER is removed by simple acidization leaving a greater volume of flow channels open for production- improving well efficiency. It is easy to use. Simply pour it into your mud system and the MAGMA FIBER nodules mix without high agita-tion.

MAGMA FIBER PRODUCT BULLETIN

ACID SOLUBLE DRILLING MUD


DESCRIPTION

TYPICAL PROPERTIES

APPLICATION

ADVANTAGES

PACKAGING & STORAGE


MARBLE WHITE is a high-purity, acid-soluble, calcium carbonate used as a bridging and weighting agent in drilling, drill-in and work over/completion fluids. It is preferred over limestone because it is generally more pure with a higher hardness. Higher in purity provides better acid solubility. MARBLE WHITE additive is available in five standard grind sizes.

• Physical appearance…………………………………….White powder • Specific Gravity…………………………………………..2.7-2.8 • Solubility in water @ 212ºF (100ºC)………………….Minimal (0.0035 g/100mL) • Solubility in 15% HCI @ 76ºF (24.4ºC)………………>98%

MARBLE WHITE additive is an acid-soluble calcium carbonate bridging and weighting agent for controlling fluid loss and density. It can be used in fluids ranging from conventional drilling fluids to drill-in fluids to work over and completion fluids. It is also used with SEAL-N-PEEL* applications to seal the inside of sand control completion assemblies. As a bridging agent and fluid-loss additive, normal concentrations are in the 10 to 50 lb/bbl range (29 to 143 kb/m³). Use OPTIBRIDGE* to select the optimum blend of MARBLE WHITE to reduce fluid-loss control and minimize fluid and solids invasion. The amount of MAR-BLE WHITE required to increase the mud density can be calculated with the following formulas: MARBLE WHITE, lb/bbl = 980 (w2 – w1) 23.3 – w2 Where: w1 = Initial mud weight in lb/gal w2 = Desired mud weight in lb/gal MARBLE WHITE, kg/m³ = 2,800 (w2 – w1) 2.8 – w2 Where: W1 = Initial mud weight as specific gravity W2 = Desired mud weight as specific gravity MARBLE WHITE grind sizes are generally used in lost circulation situations requiring larger particle sizes. They are often used in lost circulation and SEAL-N-PEEL fluid loss pills, with concentrations from 30 to 100 lb/bbl (86 to 285 kb/m³), to bridge highly permeable zones, fractured zones or completion assemblies. MARBLE WHITE can also be added on a periodic basis for see page control to limit losses (lost circulation an leak-off) to high-permeablility formations. It is particularly effective when drilling with high differential pressures caused by an overbalanced condition or when drilling depleted zones. Treatments range from 2 to 10 sacks per hour when used as a preventative measure. For depleted zone drilling or induced fracture applications, MARBLE WHITE is most effective when used in combination with G-SEAL*additive.

• Acid-soluble, high-purity product which minimizes formation damage • Effective bridging agent; use OPTIBRIDGE to design an optimum blend for specific applications • Numerical suffix provides a simple method of identifying the approximate D50 of the material • High-hardness, ground marble resists particle-size degradation • Essentially inert, minimum effect on fluid properties • Finer grades such as MARBLE WHITE additives will pass through most fine-mesh shale shaker screens.

MARBLE WHITE additives are packaged in 50-lb (22.7-kg), 25-kg (55-lb) and 50-kg (110-lb) multi-wall, paper sacks. Store in dry, well-ventilated area. Keep container closed. Store away from incompatibles. Follow safe warehousing practices regarding palletizing, banding, shrink-wrapping and/or stacking.

MARBLE WHITE (CAL. CARB.) PRODUCT BULLETIN


DESCRIPTION

APPLICATION

LIMITATIONS

PACKAGING


MICA is a specially graded product composed of the mineral MICA. It is a non-abrasive, inert and available in three grades (Fine, Medium and Coarse). MICA can be used in concentrations of up to 20 lb/bbl in slug treatments or as additive for the entire system. It can be used in all water base and oil base muds. In areas of known lost circulation, it is advisable to pretreat the system before drilling into the zone of loss. Fine MICA is particularly suitable for pretreatments, as it will pass through a 20-30-mesh shaker screen, allowing the fine MICA to be retained in the system while undesirable drill solids are removed. MICA can be mixed through the mud hopper or added directly into the pits and gunned into the mud. MICA also imparts some lubricity.

The most important aspect of combating lost circulation is utilizing the correct particle size. Consequently, it is recommended that a combination of materials be added to ensure a good particle size distribution. MICA is available in 50 lb. (22.7 kg) paper sacks.

MICA PRODUCT BULLETIN


DESCRIPTION

APPLICATION

LIMITATIONS

PACKAGING


MULTI SEAL is engineered, lost circulation material containing an optimum blend of granular, fibrous and flake materials. MULTI SEAL is available in three grinds (coarse, medium and fine) covering a wide range of lost circulation problems. MULTI SEAL is normally recommended in concentrations of 20-30 lb/bbl mixed in a slug of 100-200 barrels and spotted at the zone of loss, displacing the slurry at a reduced pumping rate with either large nozzles or open ended. MULTI SEAL can be added to either the water base mud being used at the time of loss or in any special purpose slurry prepared for squeeze applica-tions. MULTI SEAL has been used for preventative measure or as a ”filler” because the fine grade will pass through 20 mesh shaker screens in concentrations of 2-10 lb./bbl. When used in conjunction with DiaSeal M, 10-15 lb/bbl has been effective in sealing lost circulation zones. Do not mix in oil muds.

MULTI SEAL is available in 40 lb. (18 kg.) multi-wall paper sacks.

MULTI SEAL PRODUCT BULLETIN


DESCRIPTION

APPLICATION

LIMITATIONS

PACKAGING


DRILLING PAPER is a blend of variable-sized particles of ground paper that is applicable for use in all water base mud systems.

DRILLING PAPER can be used in concentrations of up to 20 lb./bbl in slug treatments or as an additive to the entire system. In areas of known lost circulation zones, it is advisable to pre-treat the system before drilling in to the zones of loss. DRILLING PAPER can be mixed through the hopper or added directly to the pits and gunned into the mud. The most important aspect of combating lost circulation is utilizing the correct particle size. Consequently, it is recommended that a combination of materials be added to ensure a good Particle size distribution. If left in the mud for an extended period of time, DRILLING PAPER May be susceptible to bacterial degradation. To prevent fermentation, a bactericide may be necessary. DRILLING PAPER should not be used in oil muds. DRILLING PAPER is available in 40 lb. (18 kg.) plastic sacks.

DRILLING PAPER (MUD SEAL) PRODUCT BULLETIN


DESCRIPTION

APPLICATION

LIMITATIONS

PACKAGING


SAWDUST is a blend of various size wood fibers that is applicable for use in all water base mud systems. SAWDUST can be used in concentrations of up to 20 lb/bbl in slug treatments or as an additive to the entire system. In areas of known lost circulation zones, it is advisable to pre-treat the system before drilling into the zone of loss. SAWDUST can be mixed through the hopper or added directly to the pits and gunned into the mud.

The most important aspect of combating lost circulation is utilizing the correct particle size distribution. If left in the mud for extended periods of time, SAWDUST may be susceptible to bacterial degradation. To prevent fermentation, a bactericide may be necessary. SAWDUST should not be used in oil muds. SAWDUST is available in 40 lb. (18 kg.) paper sacks.

SAWDUST PRODUCT BULLETIN


DESCRIPTION

APPLICATION

ADVANTAGES

TYPICAL PROPERTIES

RECOMMENDED TREATMENT

PACKAGING


NUT PLUG, ground walnut shells, is used to combat lost circulation. NUT PLUG is available in three grades: Fine, medium, and coarse. All three grades may be used in pills for spotting opposite thief zones and in high filtration squeeze slurries. NUT PLUG fine can be used in the active mud system to prevent lost returns.

Stop or reduce the occurrence of lost circulation. Remove sticky clays from the bottom hole assembly.

• High Strength • Is compatible with other lost circulation materials • Size can be matched with the type of lost circulation encountered • Appearance……………………Coarse, granular material • Dry screen analysis……………% through, approximate • Fine 30 mesh 85 60 mesh 28 • Medium 30 mesh 28 60 mesh 10 • Coarse 10 mesh 52 40 mesh 18

Add 10-40 lb./bbl (28.5-114.1 kg/m³). NUT PLUG fine, medium and coarse are packaged in 50-lb. (22.7- kg) sacks.

NUT PLUG (PECAN OR WALNUT) PRODUCT BULLETIN

FINE, MEDIUM AND COARSE


DESCRIPTION


APPLICATION

LIMITATIONS


HANDLING & STORAGE

SPECIAL PRECAUTIONS

PACKAGING:


WESTERN POLY PRODUCT BULLETIN


DESCRIPTION

TYPICAL PROPERTIES

APPLICATIONS

LIMITATIONS


HANDLING & STORAGE

SPECIAL PRECAUTIONS

PACKAGING


ALUMINUM STEARATE is a powdered surface-active agent designed for use as a defoamer in a wide variety of water base mud systems. It is an effective defoamer for fresh water, brackish water, saturated salt water, gyp, low solids and lignosulfonate muds.

• Appearance……………………………………..White powder • Specific Gravity…………………………………1.009 • Solubility…………………………………………Insoluble in water

ALUMINUM STEARATE effectively controls unwanted foaming by lowering the surface tension of the drilling fluid, thereby allowing the foam to dissipate. ALUMINUM STEARATE is not soluble in water and should be mixed with diesel. Use in con-centrations of 5-10 pounds per 5 gallons of diesel or 2 viscosity cups over 5 gallons of diesel. Since foam is a surface phenome-non, the ALUMINUM STEARATE/diesel solution should be sprayed onto the surface of the foam. The solution may be dripped into the possum belly or at the source of agitation causing the foaming. To minimize the formation of foam, agitation of the drilling fluid should be avoided as much as possible. Shutting off the hopper when not in use and turning off mud stirrers, de-sanders, desilters, and degassers when not needed will air in reducing the amount of foam generated.

ALUMINUM STEARATE is not water-soluble and should not be mixed through the hopper. It may be used in any mud system regardless of salinity or hardness. It is not recommended for use in high pH muds (<11).

ALUMINUM STEARATE should be mixed with diesel, 5-20 pounds per 5 gallons. After thorough mixing, the solution should then be sprayed directly onto the foam using a paint gun or other suitable spraying device. The solution can also be dripped into the possum belly or at the source of agitation causing the foam. ALUMINUM STEARATE should be stored in a cool dry area. When mixing ALUMINUM STEARATE, adequate ventilation should be provided to avoid potentially explosive concentrations of dust. Gloves, goggles and a dust mask are recommended for use when handling the product. In case of skin contact, wash with soap and water. For eye contact, flush with water for 15 minutes. Consult a physician if irritation persists.

Available in 25 lb. (9.07 kg.) multiwall sacks.

ALUMINUM STEARATE PRODUCT BULLETIN


DESCRIPTION

TYPICAL PROPERTIES

APPLICATIONS

LIMITATIONS


HANDLING & STORAGE

SPECIAL PRECAUTIONS

PACKAGING


DEFOAMER is an all-purpose (alcohol-tributyl phosphate) liquid defoamer. It is a clear liquid, which reduces surface tension thereby breaking the foam of a wide variety of water base drilling fluids.

• Appearance…………………………………Clear liquid • Flash point (COC)…………………………..75ºF • Specific Gravity……………………………..0.85 • Apparent Viscosity………………………….2.5 cps

DEFOAMER will work in both fresh water and inhibitive (NaCl, KCL, CaCl2) systems. Foaming is a surface phenomenon and should be treated as such. DEFOAMER should be applied to the surface by equipment which can emit a fine spray like paint guns and air hoses, simple insecticide pumps, or by taking a brush and dousing the mud. The DEFOAMER can also be added by simply punching a small hole in the bottom of the pail. The DEFOAMER should be added at the shale shaker or the source of foam. To help eliminate further foaming, reduce any mechanical agitation from the mud hoppers, lightning mixers, surface guns and solids control equipment. Some salt muds will foam regardless of the amount of defoamer applied and the only way to elimi-nate the foam is by changing the characteristics of the fluid either rheologically of chemically (salt concentration primarily). In the field, it has been observed that severe foaming occurs between 20,000 mg/1 chlorides and 100,000 mg/1 chlorides. None Apply in a fine mist if possible. Apply at source of foam. Mix with gloves and goggles. DEFOAMER is a flammable and should not be used or stored near open flames. Do not stack more than 6 high. In case of contact with skin, wash with soap and water. For eyes, flush for 15 minutes with water and seek medical attention.

DEFOAMER is packaged in 5-gallon plastic pails.

DEFOAMER PRODUCT BULLETIN


DESCRIPTION

FUNCTION

BENEFITS


HANDLING PRECAUTIONS

PACKAGING


• Spherical, mechanical lubricant • Inert • Specific gravity 1.13 • Temperature stable to 450ºF • Non-abrasive • Compatible with all muds • 16,000 psi compressive strength • Fine size: 180 to 260 microns* *25,400 microns = 1 linear inch • Packaged in 50 lb. bags

• Creates a ball bearing effect between surfaces • Embeds and paves the well bore • Breaks capillary forces • Reduces friction

• Used in water, synthetic and diesel-based muds • Reduces casing wear • Prevents differential sticking • Lowers torque and drag • Provides true weight to bit • Facilitates logging and casing runs

• Add directly at rig mud hopper. • Mix 8 to 12 ppb open hole volume for wire line operations and running casing. • Mix 2 to 8 ppb in entire system to minimize torque and drag/differential sticking. • Economical and reusable with Alpine Bead Recovery Unit.

Spillage causes unsafe footing conditions. Available in fine and coarse sizes. 50 lb. bags (48 bags/pallet)

DRILL BEADS PRODUCT BULLETIN

CO-POLYMER CLEAR PLASTIC BEADS


DESCRIPTION

APPLICATIONS

ADVANTAGES

LIMITATIONS

PHYSICAL PROPERTIES

TOXICITY & HANDLING

PACKAGING & STORAGE


DRILL TERGE drilling detergent is an aqueous blend of surface-active agents. It is designed to reduce the surface tension of all water-base mud systems and reduce the sticking tendency of water-sensitive shale cuttings. DRILL TERGE has application in all drilling areas and can be used in virtually any water-base drilling fluids. It is used primar-ily in upper-hole drilling to minimize bit and bottom-hole assembly (BHA) balling, reduce surface tension, and aid in dropping sand and the removal of drill solids. It may be used as an emulsification of oil and reduce the viscosity of oil contaminated flu-ids. DRILL TERGE frequently reduces torque and drag, even when no oil is present in the system. Normal treatments range from 0.1 to 0.2 lb/bbl (0.29 to 0.57 kg/m³) and provide satisfactory performance under most conditions. In server gumbo shale areas, 4 to 6 lb/bbl (11.4 to 17.1 kg/m³) concentrations of DRILL TERGE are recommended to minimize bit and BHA balling; higher concentrations may cause foaming and require a defoamer. DRILL TERGE is effective, in all water-base systems includ-ing fresh water, brackish water, seawater and saturated salt-water fluids.

• Minimizes but and BHA balling • Reduces the surface tension of the liquid phase, helping to drop sand and remove drill solids • Improves water wetting action on al solids and reduces the sticky tendency of reactive shale cuttings • Functions as an emulsifier, reducing the viscosity of oil-contaminated fluids • Effective in all water-base muds

The freezing point of DRILL TERGE is 32º F (0º C). DRILL TERGE CWT, a special cold-weather formulation with a freezing point of –29º F (-MC), is available.

Physical appearance…………………light blue-green liquid Specific Gravity………………………1.01-1.02 pH (1% solution)……………………..7.5-8.5 Solubility in water……………………100%

Freezing point…………………………32º F (0ºC) Bioassay information available upon request. Handle as an industrial chemical, wearing protective equipment and observing the precautions as described on the Transportation and Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS). DRILL TERGE is a liquid packaged in 5-gal (18.9-1), plastic cans. Store in a well-ventilated area away from sources of heat or ignition.

DRILL TERGE PRODUCT BULLETIN


DESCRIPTION

TYPICAL PROPERTIES

APPLICATIONS

LIMITATIONS


HANDLING & STORAGE

SPECIAL PRECAUTIONS

PACKAGING


FOAM is a blend of nonionic and anionic surfactants that produce high, stable foams in both fresh and salt systems. An ionic, polymeric foam-stabilizing agent has been added to increase foam yield and foam consistency.

• Specific Gravity…………………………..1.02 • Density……………………………………..8.5 lb/gal • Viscosity……………………………………30 cps @ 75º F • Flash point…………………………………186º F • Pour point………………………………….0º F

FOAM may be used in fresh, hard, or salty make-up water as a foaming agent in air drilling. FOAM will tolerate up to 10% oil, moderate amounts of amine based corrosion inhibitors, and 50% clay solids and still perform as an effective foaming agent. FOAM is highly biodegradable. Normal Foam Drilling: FOAM should be used in concentrations of 0.5-2.0 gallons per 100 gallons of fluid. For foam drilling sticky formations with a large water influx, mix 1-2 gallons per 100 gallons of fluid. Dump the FOAM water slurry directly into the air stream at a rate of 10-20 gallons per hour depending on penetration rate and hole size. For slug treatments to eliminate congested well bore, blend 0.5 pint to 4 gallons of water and pour directly down drill pipe. Dust Suppression-bit balling: FOAM should be mixed in a concentration of 0.5-1.0 pint per 100 gallons. Mist drilling: FOAM should be mixed in a concentration of 1-2 quarts per100 gallons. Sill foam drilling: FOAM should be mixed in concentration of 0.5-2.0 gallons per 100 along with 20 pounds of YP. Pump the stiff foam fixture at a rate of 7-10 gallons per minute.

None

See applications. Mix with gloves and goggles. FOAM is a biodegradable liquid. However, as in the case with all foaming surfactants, it should not be allowed to enter streams or lakes where aquatic life is present. FOAM should not be stored or used near an open flame. Do not store more than 6 pails high. For contact with skin, flush with water. For Contact with eyes, flush with water for 15 minutes. If irritation persists, consult physician.

FOAM is packaged in 5-gallon pails or 55-gallon drums.

FOAM PRODUCT BULLETIN


DESCRIPTION

PRODUCT FEATURES

RECOMMENDED APPLICATION

LIMITATIONS

STORAGE & HANDLING

SHIPPING


Drill Foam F-450 is a specially formulated solution of anionic foaming agents and foam boosters developed for use in air mist and stable foam drilling operations. The product has been designed to provide an economical, high performance foaming agent that exhibits superior foam quality and stability in a wide variety of fluids and field conditions. F-450 is recommended for use in fresh water, KCI and field brines up to a concentration of 150,000 mg/L CI. The product also exhibits good stability to down hole hydrocarbon influx. F-450 can be used with compressed air, nitrogen, carbon dioxide or natural gas foam drilling opera-tions. The versatility for F-450 coupled with the product’s superior foam quality and stability, make it an excellent choice for air mist, stable foam and stiff foam drilling operations.

• Highly Effective in Fresh Water & Brines • For Air Mist & Stable Foam Systems • Excellent Hole Cleaning Properties • Excellent Hydrocarbon Tolerance • Biodegradable

F-450 may be metered into the mist fluid with a chemical pump, or simply poured into the mist tank and mixed with make-up fluids. When utilized in air mist drilling F-450 is typically applied at concentrations ranging from 0.1% to 0.5% (0.5 to 2.0 gallons/10barrels) by volume. The product should be applied to stable or stiff foam systems at a typical concentration of 0.75% to 2.0% by volume (3 to 8 gallons/10 barrels). All concentrations are based on fluid volumes only. Use concentrations vary depending on well depth, brine concentration, fluid influx, bottom hole temperatures and bit penetration rates. F-450 drilling foamer is available in 55 gallon drums, tote tanks and bulk tank wagons. In case of skin or eye contact, flush the exposed area with copious amounts of water. A material safety data sheet outlining proper handling of this product is available upon request. Pails and Drums: Not D.O.T. Regulated Totes and Bulk: Combustible Liquid, N.O.S., 3, NA-1993, PG III (Contains 2-Butoxyethanol Solution)

QUALITY FOAM F-450 PRODUCT BULLETIN


Form, 70°F………………..….Amber Liquid Density, lbs/gallon……..……. 8.51 Pour Point, °F……………..….-300 pH, (10% Solution)……….…. 8.0– 9.0 Solubility Fresh Water………..Soluble High TDS Brine…...Soluble Hydrocarbon………. Dispersible Ionic Charge…………………...Anionic

45

DESCRIPTION

PRODUCT FEATURES

RECOMMENDED APPLICATION

TYPICAL PHYSICAL

PROPERTIES

STORAGE & HANDLING

SHIPPING


Drill Foam F-485 is a concentrated special purpose foaming agent developed for use in air mist and stable foam drilling opera-tions. The product has been specifically designed to provide maximum foam quality and stability in systems that experience high concentrations of hydrocarbon influx, such as that encountered in horizontal drilling. F-485 is recommended for use in fresh water, KCI and field brine with chloride concentrations through saturation. The product exhibits excellent stability to down hole hydrocarbon influx. F-485 can be used with compressed air, nitrogen, carbon dioxide or natural gas foam drilling operations. • Excellent Foamer For High Oil Systems • For Air Mist & Stable Foam Systems • Excellent Hole Cleaning Properties • Excellent Foam Quality & Stability • Biodegradable F-485 may be metered into the mist fluid with a chemical pump, or simply poured into the mist tank and mixed with make-up fluids. When utilized in air mist drilling F-485 is typically applied at concentrations ranging from 0.1% to 0.5% (0.1 to 2.0 gallons/10 barrels) by volume. The product should be to stable or stiff foam systems at a typical concentration of 0.75% to 2.0% by volume (2 to 8 gallons/10 barrels). All concentrations are based on fluid volumes only. Use concentrations vary depending on well depth, brine concentration, fluid influx, bottom hole temperatures and bit penetration rates. F-485 drilling foamer is available in 55 gallon drums, tote tanks and bulk tank wagons. In case of skin or eye contact, flush the exposed area with copious amounts of water. A material safety data sheet outlining proper handling of this product is available upon request. Pails and Drums: Not D.O.T. Regulated Totes and Bulk: Combustible Liquid, N.O.S., 3, NA-1993, PG III (Contains Isopropanol Solution)

QUALITY FOAM F-485 PRODUCT BULLETIN


Form, 70°F………………..….Amber Liquid Density, lbs/gallon……..……. 8.50 Pour Point, °F……………..…. 0 pH, (10% Solution)……….…. 8.0– 8.5 Solubility Fresh Water………..Soluble High TDS Brine…...Soluble Hydrocarbon………. Dispersible Ionic Charge…………………...Anionic

46

DESCRIPTION

TYPICAL PROPERTIES

APPLICATIONS

ADVANTAGES

LIMITATIONS

TOXICITY & HANDLING

PACKAGING & HANDLING


PIPE-LAX additive is used in diesel oil or in oil base muds to form a highly effective stuck-pipe spotting fluid. PIPE-LAX en-ables spotting fluids to penetrate and “crack” the water-base mud filter cake with an extremely high fluid loss and solids-free filtrate. These features allow the PIPE-LAX and oil solution to pass through the water-base-mud filter cake between the stuck pipe and well bore wall to facilitate freeing differently stuck pipe.

• Appearance……………………………..Dark brown liquid • Specific Gravity…………………………0.90 • pH (1% solution)………………….…….5.6-6.6 • Flash point………………………………140º F (60ºC)(PMCC) • Pour point……………………………….< 15ºF (<-9ºC)

The unique properties of PIPE-LAX (mixed with mineral oil, diesel oil, crude oil, or oil base drilling fluid) make it superior product for preparing a spotting fluid or soak solution for freeing pipe that is differently stuck. It forms a spotting fluid with a high-fluid loss, solids-free filtrate that penetrates and “cracks” the water-base filter cake, allowing the lubricating solution to equalize differential pressure rapidly and reduce the forces required to free differentially stuck pipe. PIPE-LAX is a convenient easy-to-use liquid product that is effective in very small concentrations and has an excellent success record. The recommended concentration is 1 gal (3.81) PIPE-LAX for each bbl (0.16m³ of spotting fluid to be prepared. Laboratory data indicates that PIPE-LAX does not become more effective at concentrations higher that this 1-to-1 ratio. This easy-to-use product, with its convenient 1-gallon-to1 barrel ratio, is preferred over sacked spotting fluid products, which require more time to mix, with more detailed formulations and mixing instructions.

• May be used in diesel oil, mineral oil, crude oil and oil-base muds. • May be used in weighted oil-base fluids where well control considerations require weighted fluids • Convenient liquid additive, quick and easy to mix at the rig site • Easy to remember 1-gallon-to-1 barrel ratio • Has an approximate 85% success ratio • Results in less time lost die to stuck

• Although unweighted spotting fluids are more effective, the reduction in hydrostatic pressure with an un

weighted spotting fluid maybe intolerable due to well control or regulatory requirements. For these instances, a weighted spotting fluid of PIPE-LAX in oil-base mud should be used.

• Environmental restrictions concerning the use of oils and oil-base fluids should be considered, since PIPE-LAX is used in conjunction with oil.

Bioassay information is available upon request handle as an industrial chemical, wearing protective equipment and observing the precautions as described on the Transportation and Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) Because PIPE-LAX contains re-fined oil and is used in oil and base fluids, this product and the spotting fluids formulated with this product should be used in accordance with applicable environmental regulations and considerations.

WARNING: Combustible liquid and vapor. Contains diesel fuel oil, inhalation of which may cause cancer. Material is an irritant.

PIPE-LAX is available in 5-gal (18.94-1) cans or 55-gal 208.2-1) drums. Store in location away from sources or heat ignition.

PIPE LAX PRODUCT BULLETIN


APPLICATIONS

SHALE INHIBITION

HEALTH & SAFETY

TECHNICAL SERVICE


• Viscosification • Shale Inhibition • Fluid Loss Reduction • Diamond Drilling • Foam Drilling • Friction Reduction

There are ranges of partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide (PHPA) based drilling mud additives that are manufactured. They vary in physical form and molecular weight to allow selection to suit the intended application.

a) Physical form

i) Liquid grade: high activity liquid grade polymers with excellent handling and storage properties. ii) Standard solid grade: micro-bead polymers offer easy dust-free handling.

iii) Readily dispersible solid: powder grade products specially coated to prevent the formation of lumps and fish-eyes during make-up.

b) Molecular weight

By careful control of molecular weight, PHPA can be designed to optimize properties for different applications. Both high and low molecular weights PHPA is available. The high molecular weight range gives maximum contribution to viscosity and flocculation requirements as well as encap sulating active shales. The low molecular weight range is designed primarily for shale inhibition. To maximize borehole and cuttings protection, a high additive concentration is required. This can be achieved with these products with a minimum effect on fluid viscosity. The low molecular weight range also offers benefits where mud pre-mixes are used as much higher concentrations can be achieved.

Due to the flexible polymeric structure and controlled anionic character, ALCOMER 60 is extremely efficient at stabilizing a wide range of hydratable shales. ALCOMER 60 selectively absorbs on the clay platelet edges forming both a physical and chemical barrier. This protects the clays from damaging water penetration and ion exchange. The polymer protects both the borehole wall and drilled cuttings to improved integrity and inhibit swelling. Cuttings are removed more effectively, reducing solids build-up in the mud. At the same time hole gauge is improved with less tendency to sloughing and reduced torque and drag. Effect of molecular weight: ALCOMER 60 has been developed primarily as a shale encapsulator, which gives a minimum contribution to viscosity. As the viscosifying and shale encapsulating properties are independent of each other it is possible to reduce viscosity effects while maintaining shale inhibition. The final mud viscosities do not necessarily differ but the temporary viscosity increases sometimes experienced on mud make-up are significantly reduced or eliminated. These products can there-fore, if necessary, be used at much higher concentrations than high molecular weight PHPA’s and are particularly useful if poly-mer premixes are utilized. Detailed information on handling and any precautions to be observed in the use of the product(s) described in this leaflet can be found in our relevant Health and Safety information sheet. Advice on the laboratory testing and field application of ALCOMER polymers is given by specialists from Ciba Oil Services. They are supported by a complete research, development and customer service laboratory to assist in special applications. Most countries in the world are also served by carefully selected agents or Subsidiary Companies.

Low Molecular Weight High Molecular Weight Liquid grade Alcomer 120L Standard solid grade Alcomer 60 Alcomer 120 Readily dispersible solid Alcomer 110RD

Ciba®ALCOMER®60 RD PRODUCT BULLETIN

STANDARD SOLID GRADE PHPA


DESCRIPTION

ADVANTAGES

TYPICAL PROPERTIES

PRINCIPAL USES

PACKAGING


ALCOMER 123L is a synthetic, high-molecular weight, anionic, acrylamide-based copolymer supplied in emulsion form devel-oped for use in water-based drilling fluids to provide:

• Viscosity • Shale Inhibition • Flow Line Flocculation • Foam Stabilization • Friction Reduction and Lubrication ___________________________________ • Very versatile, fulfills many functions. • Easily handled liquid. • Emulsion formulation mixes easily and yields rapidly • Can be used in fresh, KCL or sea water systems • Can be used for oil, gas, water and mineral drilling.

Appearance Ionic……………………………White liquid Ionic Character………………………………Anionic Solids Content Specific……………………...>30% Gravity………………………………………...1.03 Pour point……………………………………..>-25ºC pH of 1% soln @25ºC……………………….6.5-7.5 Viscosity as supplied…………………………200-800cP

Viscosity ALCOMER 123L is a very cost effective viscosifier for low salinity clear-water drilling operations. Its shear-thinning properties ensure maximum power at the bit under high shear, and excellent carrying capacity under shear, yet allowing easy solids re-moval in the mud pits.

Shale stabilization/Inhibition ALCOMER 123L can be used alone or in conjunction with KCL to stabilize active shales. ALCOMER 123L encapsulates reac-tive shale platelets by forming a protective layer on the well bore and around drilled cuttings, decreasing the shale’s tendency to absorb water, swell and slough-off.

Foam Stabilization The long chain polymer structure of ALCOMER 123L aids foam drilling by creating a tighter, stronger foam, enhancing cuttings and removal and reducing water requirements. ALCOMER 123L is compatible with all common foamers.

Flow Line Flocculant The flocculation and removal of drill solids can be economically achieved by the addition of small doses of ALCOMER 123L. The polymer is added at the flow line to promote solids settlement in the mud pit to at a point just prior to mechanical separation equipment, e.g. the centrifuge, shale shaker, etc.

Friction Reduction and Lubrication Power savings and hole gauge are both improved by incorporating ALCOMER 123L into drilling muds. The polymer’s shear thinning properties reduce power losses at points of high shear, especially at the drill bit and other restrictions such as the pump discharge, drill collars, etc. The polymer structure also helps reduce turbulence, thereby reducing erosion and washouts in weak structures. ALCOMER 123L is supplied in 55 gal. (441 lb/200 kg net) non-returnable steel drums in 5-gallon( 42lb./ 1.9 kg net) plastic pails packed 32 to a shrink-wrapped palletized crate.

CONTINUED ON NEXT PAGE


DRILLING FLUIDS ADDITIVE


OTHER

PRODUCTS

TECHNICAL SERVICE

HEALTH & SAFETY

WARRANTY


Information is available on request for other specialty products manufactured by Ciba Specialty Chemicals for oil exploration and production.

WATER AND OIL-BASED DRILLING FLUIDS FLOCCULATION AND FILTERATION OILY WATER CLARIFICATION SCALE INHIBITION COMPLETION FLUIDS WATER/OIL RATIO CONTROL POLYMER AUGMENTED WATER FLOODS

Advice on the laboratory testing and field application of ALCOMER polymers is given by specialists from Ciba Oil Services. They are supported by a complete research, development and customer service laboratory to assist in special applications. Most countries in the world are also served by carefully selected agents or Subsidiary Companies.

Detailed information on handling and any precautions to be observed in the use of the product(s) described in this leaflet can be found in our relevant Health and Safety information sheet. The information contained in this leaflet is given in good faith but no liability is assumed nor is freedom from any patent owned by Ciba Specialty Chemicals or others implied. This information should not be taken to represent a specification for the product.


DRILLING FLUIDS ADDITIVE CONTINUED FROM PREVIOUS PAGE


DESCRIPTION

PRINCIPAL USE

ADVANTAGES

TYPICAL

PROPERTIES

PACKAGING & STORAGE

HEALTH & SAFETY

WARRANTY


ALCOMER 120L is a synthetic, high-molecular weight, anionic, acrylamide-based copolymer. ALCOMER 120L is supplied as a high-activity, water-free dispersion of polymer in a low-toxicity mineral oil. Being water-free, the product is not subject to premature activation inside the pail, drum or bulk container. It also has excellent freeze-thaw stability. ALCOMER 120L has improved longterm stability that virtually negates any undesirable phase separation, making long-term storage possible. ALCOMER 120L is a multi-functional synthetic polymer developed for use in fresh, KCI and salt water-based drilling fluids to provide: Viscosity ALCOMER 120L is a very cost-effective viscosifier for low salinity clear-water drilling operations. Its shear-thinning properties ensure maximum power at the bit under high shear, and excellent carrying capacity under low shear, yet allows easy solids re-moval in the mud pits.

Shale Stabilization/Inhibition ALCOMER 120L can be used alone or in conjunction with KCI to stabilize active shales. ALCOMER 120L encapsulates reac-tive shale platelets by forming a protective layer on the well bore and around drilled cuttings, decreasing the shale’s tendency to absorb water, swell and slough-off.

Foam Stabilization The long chain polymer structure of ALCOMER 120L aids foam drilling by creating a tighter, stronger foam, enhancing cuttings removal and reducing water requirements. ALCOMER 120L is compatible with all common foamers.

Flow Line Flocculant The flocculation and removal of drill solids can be economically achieved by the addition of small doses of ALCOMER 120L. The polymer is added at the flow line to promote solids settlement in the mud pit or at a point just prior to mechanical separation equipment, e.g. the centrifuge, shale shaker, etc.

Friction Reduction and Lubrication ALCOMER 120L’s shear-thinning properties reduce power losses at points of high shear, especially at the drill bit and other restrictions such as the pump discharge, drill collars, etc. The polymer structure also helps reduce turbulence, thereby reducing erosion and washouts in weak structures.

• Very versatile, fulfills many functions • Yields rapidly. Easily handled liquid • High-activity formulation is very cost-effective • Dispersion formulation greatly reduces undesirable phase separation • Can be used for, oil, gas water and mineral drilling

Appearance………………………White liquid dispersion Ionic Character…………………...Anionic Solid content………………………50% Specific gravity……………………1.06-1.08 Pour point…………………………-10°C PH of 1% Soln. @25C……………6.5-7.5 Open Cup Flash Point…………….120°C

ALCOMER 120L is supplied in 55 gal. (441 lb. net) non-returnable steel drums. ALCOMER 120L is available in 5-gallon (45 lb. net) plastic pails, through special order. When stored under normal conditions (10-30°C) ALCOMER 120L has a shelf life of at least six months. The product is table at higher or lower temperatures, but long-term outside storage should be avoided when-ever possible. Detailed information on handling and any precautions to be observed in the use of the product(s) described in the leaflet can be found in our relevant Health and Safety information sheet. The information contained in the leaflet is given in good faith but no liability is assumed nor is freedom from any patent owned by Ciba Specialty Chemicals or others implied. This information should not be taken to represent a specification for the product.


DRILLING FLUID ADDITIVE


DESCRIPTION

PRINCIPAL USES

TYPICAL PROPERTIES

PACKAGING

TECHNICAL

SERVICE

HEALTH & SAFETY

WARRANTY


ALCOMER 110RD is a PHPA drilling fluid additive, which has been specially processed to achieve excellent dispersibility into make-up water. Because of the improved dispersibility of ALCOMER 110RD over conventional PHPA’s the particles wet separately and dissolution can proceed rapidly without the formation of lumps or fish eyes. ALCOMER 110RD has all the benefits normally associated with PHPA additives, i.e.

Shale stabilization Fresh water viscosity Fluid loss Lubricity Stability in foam drilling Flocculation

Appearance Ionic……………………..White granular pH (1% solution)………………………6.0 Bulk Density……………………………0.65 gm/cm³ ALCOMER 110RD is supplied in bags, 25kg (55 lb) bags.

Advice on the laboratory testing and field application of Ciba Specialty Chemicals polymers is given by specialists from our Oil Services. A complete research, development and customer service laboratory to assist in special applications supports them. Carefully selected agents of Subsidiary Companies also serve most countries in the world. Detailed information on handling and any precautions to observed in the use of the product(s) described in this leaflet can be found in our relevant Health and Safety information sheet. The information contained in this leaflet is given in good faith but no liability is assumed nor is freedom form any patent owned Ciba Specialty Chemicals or others implied. This information should be taken to represent a specification for the product.

Ciba®ALCOMER®110 RD PRODUCT BULLETIN

READILY DISPERSIBLE SOLID GRADE PHPA


DESCRIPTION

& USES

METHODS OF APPLICATION

GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS

PHYSICAL

PROPERTIES

SHIPPING & HANDLING

GENERAL

INFOMATION


Prevents clay swelling and migration Used with water, brines, acids and drilling fluids Compatible with gels, cross linkers and breakers Will not adversely effect fluid pH Superior performance at lower costs than KCL Minimizes water disposal problems Can be mixed on-the-fly Can be ionically altered No Inorganic chlorides Extremely low freeze point Low surface tension Slightly cationic Eliminates storage problems Exceeds KCL performance as per CST and REVERSE PERMEABILITY testing Use in preflush fluids and all completion fluids

• CLAY STAY can be mixed with water or other process and treatment fluids in a tank truck, blend or storage tank or on

the fly • 2 gallons CLAY STAY per 1000 gallons water • 8-10 gallons CLAY STAY per 100 barrels water • (in highly reactive clays use 3-4% for better inhibition)

Liquid substitute for potassium chloride (KCL)

Appearance…………………………Clear to light amber fluid Specific Gravity…………………….0.9123 Lbs./Gal……………………………..7.598 Freeze point………………………..-41°F Water Absorption……………….….Complete Acid Absorption…………………....Complete Flash Point…………………………12°C/53°F (TCC) (Lowest component)

CLAY STAY is shipped in bulk, in 5-gallon pails. A CLAY STAY Material Safety Data Sheet is available upon request.

• Potassium chloride (KCL) is generally used as a two (2) percent concentration although it is common to use much higher concentrations depending on the clay content and the clay characteristics.

• A two (2) percent solution requires approximately 714 pounds of KCL per 100 barrels of water (about 14 to 15 –fifty (50) pound bags or 13-twenty five (25) kilogram bags.

• In order to obtain the equivalent performance of KCL, two (2) gallons of CLAY STAY are used per 1000 gallons of water of per every 170 pounds of KCL. One drum of CLAY STAY will replace about 4,675 pounds of KCL or 94-fifty (50) pound bags

• The amount of KCL used is also dependent (or should be) on the purity of the KCL. This factor is all too often over-looked when mixing KCL to the required concentration.

• Large costs savings can be generated when using CLAY STAY in replacing KCL in terms of freight savings, warehous-ing, inventory, blending manpower costs, on the fly savings when local water sources are available, maintenance costs, savings in equipment such as pumps due to damage caused by the various granular materials in the KCL.

• As far as savings obtained when using CLAY STAY in the EXPORT MARKET, the same savings seen in paragraph #5 will be realized but the greater savings due to ocean transport costs will be obtained. Approximately eight drums of CLAY STAY will replace a 40-foot container of KCL. These savings sometimes amount to more than the cost of the product.

• In AIR DRILLING (water misting/ air mixtures) consumption of surfactants necessary for the required foaming char-acteristics and stability can be substantially reduced due to the inherent foaming properties built into the CLAY STAY.

• With a specific gravity close to that of water, heavier brine solutions (using fresh or salt waters) can be formulated using heavier salts without causing precipitation of the salts to include KCL while getting the necessary clay stabilization.

CLAY STAY PRODUCT BULLETIN


DESCRIPTION

PACKAGING

MUD TYPES

ADVANTAGES


COST

HANDLING


FLOWZAN® biopolymer is a high purity zanthan gum biopolymer utilizing unique, patented dispersion chemistry which sig-nificantly enhances product dispersion and solubility and reduces the formation of fisheyes. FLOWZAN® biopolymer is a high performance powder and Liquid FLOWZAN® biopolymer is a liquid polymer suspension. FLOWZAN® biopolymer is a versa-tile product that can be used in most types of water base fluids for rheology modification, hole cleaning and solids suspension. It is also compatible with other mud additives commonly used in these fluids. FLOWZAN® biopolymer performs effectively in fresh and saltwater base muds, as well as, in various brine base workover and completion fluids over a wide range of pH. FLOWZAN® 25-lb and 25-kg multi-wall sacks Liquid FLOWZAN 5-gallon (40-lb net) plastic pails

All known water base formulations, drill-in, completion and work over fluids.

• Excellent viscosifier-requires less material than other types of viscosifiers. • Stable rheology control • Produces shear thinning fluid for optimum penetration rates • Excellent suspension characteristics • Performs well in fresh water, sea water, brine and saturated salt environments • Rapid dispersion without fish eyes • Minimizes formation damage • Reduces circulating pressure losses • Effective friction reducer

Conventional mud mixing hopper. Extremely efficient dispersion and dissolution along with high inherent viscosity development makes FLOWZAN® biopolymers highly cost effective. Will become slippery when wet and excessive inhalation of dust should be avoided. For specific instructions, refer to the MSDS information via this website or the product container label. Liquid FLOWZAN® in each gallon of Liquid FLOWZAN®, 20-lbs/pail.

FLOWZAN AND LIQUID BIOPOLYMERS® PRODUCT BULLETIN

APPLICATIONS MATERIALS NEEDED

(FLOWZAN)

MATERIALS NEEDED

(LIQUID FLOWZAN) Horizontal drilling & completions .25 to 2 ppb (.7 to 6 kg/m³) .5 to 4 ppb Drill in – in fluids .25 to 2 ppb (.7 to 6 kg/m³) .5 to 4 ppb Drilling large diameter well bores .5 to 2 ppb (.2 to 6 kg/m³) 1 to 4 ppb Solids-free drilling, completion, work-over

.5 to 2 ppb (.2 to 6 kg/m³) 1 to 4 ppb

Coring fluids .25 to .2 ppb (.7 to 6 k/g³) .5 to 4 ppb Gravel packing operations .25 to 2 ppb (.7 to 6 kg/m³) .5 to 4 ppb Clean perforating fluids .25 to 2 ppb (.7 to 6 kg/m³) .5 to 4 ppb Colied tubing friction reducer .2 to .5 ppb (.6 to 2 kg/m³) .5 to 1 ppb Cross linked profile modification, lost circulation

1 to 2 ppb (3 to 6 kg/m³) 2 to 4 ppb

15% hydrochloric acid viscosifier 1.5 to 2.5 ppb (3 to 7 kg/m³) 3 to 5 ppb


DESCRIPTION

SPECIAL INFORMATION

ADVANTAGES

LIMITATIONS

COST

MUD TYPES

MIXING REQUIREMENTS

HANDLING

PACKAGING


SOLTEX additive is a sodium asphalt sulfonate made water-soluble by a unique sulfonation process. It is a versatile, total mud conditioner that stabilizes shale formations, significantly increases lubricity, and lowers HTHP water loss. SOLTEX additive is 40% by weight active material in a non-toxic suspension package. Liquid SOLTEX additive maintains API and HTHP filtrate control, reduces torque and drag, enhances lubricity and toughens filter cakes. SOLTEX potassium is a specially prepared potas-sium salt of sulfonated asphalt. In addition to providing the same unique qualities as regular SOLTEX additive, it contributes water-soluble potassium ions to the mud system. This is beneficial in those areas that require the specific action of potassium to adequately minimize water-induced clay swelling. For over 40 years, the unique chemistry of SOLTEX additives has delivered extraordinary results in oil-based muds. SOLTEX additive is consumed on drilled solids and on the well bore. It is advisable to add 50% more one day following the initial treatment to ensure adequate concentration. Liquid SOLTEX additive’s specific gravity is 1.15.

• Controlled water and oil solubility to effect best chemical and physical performance • Minimizes damage to productive formations • Reacts with shale to prevent or stop sloughing and swelling • Significantly increases lubricity; either alone or synergistically • With small amounts of oils and synthetics • Environmentally acceptable-is used on land and offshore • Extremely temperature stable-does not have the softening • Point typically associated with unreacted asphaltic additives • Inhibits dispersion of drilled solids • Minimal and easily distinguishable fluorescence-does not • Hamper well logging or core analysis • Will not leave oil slick, sheen, or rainbow on water at offshore locations. • No emulsifiers needed to ensure proper mixing

Versatility makes SOLTEX additives more cost-effective than materials limited applications. Total drilling cost can be reduced if well bore condition is improved. Most water-based and oil based synthetic muds

Conventional hopper when chlorides do not exceed 60,000 ppm. when adding to high salinity systems, pre-wetting SOLTEX additive with fresh water by adding through chemical barrel may give best results. If mixing systems requires, DSCo Defoam may be added to prevent surface foam. For specific instructions refer to MSDS or illustration on product containers. 50-pound, multiwall paper sacks and 55-gallon drums

SOLTEX PRODUCT BULLETIN


GENERAL

CHARACTERISTICS

DESCRIPTION & USES


METHODS OF APPLICATION

TYPICAL PROPERTIES

SHIPPING & HANDLING


Liquid substitute for potassium chloride (KCL)

• Prevents clay swelling and migration • Used with water, brines, acids and drilling fluids • Compatible with gels, crosslinkers and breakers • Will not adversely effect fluid pH • Superior performance at lower costs than KCL • Minimizes waste disposal problems • Can be mixed on-the-fly • Can be ionically altered • No Inorganic chlorides • Extremely low freeze point • Low surface tension • Slightly cationic • Eliminates storage problems • Exceeds KCL performance as per CST and REVERSE PERMEABILITY testing • Use in preflush fluids and all completion fluids

TREAT-O-CLAY CONC can be mixed with water or other process and treatment fluids in a tank truck, blend or storage tank or on the fly. Mixing charts available upon request.

½ GAL TREAT-O-CLAY CONC per 1000 gallons water 2 GAL TREAT-O-CLAY CONC per 100 barrels water

Appearance……………………………….Clear to light amber fluid Specific Gravity…………………………..0.9123 Lbs./Gal…………………………………...7.598 Freeze point………………………………-41 deg. F Water Apsorption…………………………Complete Acid Absorption…………………………..Complete Flash Point………………………………..12°C/53°F (TCC) (Lowest component) TREAT-O-CLAY CONC is shipped in bulk, 55-gallon drums, and in 5-gallon pails. A material safety data sheet is available upon request.

TREAT-O-CLAY PRODUCT BULLETIN


DESCRIPTION

TYPICAL PROPERTIES

APPLICATION

LIMITATIONS


HANDLING & STORAGE

SPECIAL

PRECAUTIONS

PACKAGING


CALCIUM CHLORIDE is a water soluble salt available in powder, flake, or pellet form that comes in varying grades of purity and degree of hydration. It is also available in bulk in solution. Appearance………………………….White powder, flake of pellet pH (1% solution)…………………….8.0-9.5 Solubility…………………………….42% solution at 20ºC (Hi-Test Flake) CALCIUM CHLORIDE is used in the preparation of solids free work over, completion, and packer fluids. Its high degree of solubility permits brine densities of 11.8 lb/gal @ 60ºF to be achieved by dissolving the salt in water. CALCIUM CHLORIDE is also used in the water phase of oil muds to balance the activity of the formation and prevent the hydration of water sensitive shales. The result is better borehole stability. Unless used in conjunction with other salts or weighting agents, the preparation of weighted brines utilizing only CALCIUM CHLORIDE is limited to weights of approximately 11.8 lb/gal or less. CALCIUM CHLORIDE can be mixed through the mud hopper Sufficient agitation should be supplied to ensure maximum solubility. As a guide to additions of CALCIUM CHLORIDE, consult the following chart: (Based on 95% CALCIUM CHLORIDE) CALCIUM CHLORIDE should be stored in a cool, dry area. Prolonged storage may cause the product to cake and become wet due to absorption of atmospheric moisture. When mixing CALCIUM CHLORIDE in water, use caution to avoid splashing the solution. CALCIUM CHLORIDE solutions generate heat and can cause burns. When mixing, chemical goggles, long-sleeved shirts, gloves, and a respirator should be worn. If dust in inhaled, irritation of nose, throat and lungs may occur. If so, consult a physician. If swallowed, drink large amounts of water, do not induce vomiting and consult physician. For eye contact, flush promptly with water for 15 minutes and consult a physician. For skin contact, wash with water. CALCIUM CHLORIDE is available in two grades of purity: CALCIUM CHLORIDE powder (77-80% purity) is available in 100 lb. (45.5 kg.) multi-wall paper sacks. CALCIUM CHLORIDE Hi-Test (94-97% purity) is available in 80lb. (36.3 kg.) multi-wall paper sacks.

CALCIUM CHLORIDE PRODUCT BULLETIN

DENSITY CALCIUM CHLORIDE

FRESH WATER

(lb/gal) (lb/final barrel) (gal/final barrel)

9.0 37.0 41.0 9.2 48.0 40.5 9.4 60.0 40.0 9.6 72.0 39.7 9.8 83.0 39.3 10.0 95.0 39.0 10.2 107.0 38.5 10.4 118.0 38.0 10.6 132.0 37.5 10.8 143.0 37.0 11.0 157.0 36.5 11.2 170.0 36.0 11.4 183.0 35.5 11.6 197.0 35.0 11.8 210.0 34.0


DESCRIPTION

TYPICAL PROPERTIES

APPLICATION

LIMITATIONS


HANDLING & STORAGE

SPECIAL

PRECAUTIONS

PACKAGING The facts stated and the recommendations and suggestions herein are based upon experiments and information believed to be reliable. No guarantee is made of their accuracy however. QUALITY DRILLING FLUIDS LLC ASSUMES NO LIABILITY FOR PRODUCT FAILURE OTHER THAN TO SUPPLY REPLACEMENT MATERIAL FOR PRODUCTS SHOWN TO BE DEFECTIVE WHEN DELIVERED OR TO REFUND THE PURCHASE PRICE. Except as stated, THERE ARE NO WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, OF MERCHANTABILITY FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR OTHERWISE. QUALITY DRILLING FLUIDS LLC SHALL NOT BE LIABLE FOR SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES. No statement contained herein shall be construed as an inducement to infringe existing patents or as an endorsement of products or specific manufacturers.

POTASSIUM CHLORIDE (KCL) is water soluble, granular salt. Appearance…………………………………White crystals Specific Gravity……………………………1.98 Solubility……………………………………27.6 parts/100 parts water at 32º F POTASSIUM CHLORIDE is use in drilling fluids and work over and completion fluids for shale inhibition or to increase the density of water to a maximum of approximately 9.8 lbs/gal. Concentrations of KCL in excess of 3% will inhibit some water sensitive shales.

Physical Properties of Potassium Chloride Solutions (At 68ºF or 20ºC) POTASSIUM CHLORIDE causes flocculation in fresh water systems. KCL is not effective as a water sensitive shale inhibitor in sodium chloride brines when the concentration of the sodium ion equals or exceeds the concentration of the potassium ion. Mix through chemical barrel or mud hopper. Store in cool, dry area. For contact with skin, wash with water. For contact with eyes, flush for 15 minutes with water. If irritation persists, seek medical attention.

KCL is packaged in 50 lb. (22.7kg.) multiwall paper sacks.

POTASSIUM CHLORIDE (KCL) PRODUCT BULLETIN

Sp.Gr. KCL Density Density Lb KCL/Gals Water/ KCL K+ Cl D20(4) Wt.% lb/gal PCF bbl Soln. bbl Soln. mg/1 mg/1 mg/1

1.0046 1.0 8.37 62.61 3.5 41.8 10,000 5,245 4,755 1.0110 2.0 8.42 62.99 7.1 41.6 20,200 10,594 9,606 1.0174 3.0 8.47 63.39 10.7 41.4 30,500 15,997 14,503 1.0239 4.0 8.53 63.80 14.4 41.3 41,000 21,504 19,496 1.0304 5.0 8.59 64.21 18.1 41.1 51,500 27,011 24,489 1.0369 6.0 8.64 64.61 21.8 40.9 62,200 32,623 29,577 1.0435 7.0 8.69 65.00 25.6 40.7 73,000 38,287 34,713 1.0500 8.0 8.75 65.42 29.4 40.5 84,000 44,056 39,944 1.0566 9.0 8.80 65.83 33.3 40.4 95,100 49,878 45,222 1.0633 10.0 8.86 66.25 37.3 40.2 106,300 55,752 50,548 1.0700 11.0 8.90 66.58 41.2 40.0 117,700 61,731 55,969 1.0768 12.0 8.97 67.09 45.3 39.8 129,200 67,763 61,437 1.0836 13.0 9.03 67.55 49.4 39.6 140,900 73,899 67,001 1.0905 14.0 9.08 67.95 53.5 39.4 152,700 80,088 72,612 1.0974 15.0 9.12 68.22 57.6 39.1 164,600 86,329 78,271 1.1043 16.0 9.20 68.81 61.9 38.9 176,700 92,676 84,024 1.1113 17.0 9.26 69.27 66.1 38.7 188,900 99,074 89,826 1.1185 18.0 9.32 69.69 70.5 38.5 201,300 105,578 95,722 1.1256 19.0 9.38 70.17 74.9 38.3 213,900 112,186 101,714 1.1328 20.0 9.44 70.58 79.3 38.0 226,600 118,847 107,753 1.1474 22.0 9.56 71.49 88.4 37.6 252,400 132,379 120,021 1.1623 24.0 9.68 72.42 97.7 37.1 278,900 146,277 132,623


DESCRIPTION

TYPICAL

PROPERTIES

APPLICATION

LIMITATIONS

MIXING

RECOMMENDATIONS

HANDLING & STORAGE

SPECIAL

PRECAUTIONS

PACKAGING The facts stated and the recommendations and suggestions herein are based upon experiments and information believed to be reliable. No guarantee is made of their accuracy however. QUALITY DRILLING FLUIDS LLC ASSUMES NO LIABILITY FOR PRODUCT FAILURE OTHER THAN TO SUPPLY REPLACEMENT MATERIAL FOR PRODUCTS SHOWN TO BE DEFECTIVE WHEN DELIVERED OR TO REFUND THE PURCHASE PRICE. Except as stated, THERE ARE NO WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, OF MERCHANTABILITY FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR OTHERWISE. QUALITY DRILLING FLUIDS LLC SHALL NOT BE LIABLE FOR SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES. No statement contained herein shall be construed as an inducement to infringe existing patents or as an endorsement of products or specific manufacturers.

Sp.Gr. NaCl Density Density Lb NaCl/ Gals/Water NaCl Cl D 20/(4) Wt.% lb/gal PCF bbl Soln. bbl Soln. mg/l mg/l

1.0053 1 8.37 62.6 3.53 41.8 10,100 6,126 1.0125 2 8.43 63.1 7.07 41.7 20,200 12,251 1.0196 3 8.49 63.5 10.71 41.5 30,600 18,559 1.0268 4 8.55 64.0 14.38 41.4 41,100 24,927 1.0341 5 8.61 64.4 18.09 41.3 51,700 31,356 1.0413 6 8.67 64.9 21.87 41.1 62,500 37,906 1.0485 7 8.73 65.3 25.68 41.0 73,400 44,517 1.0559 8 8.80 65.8 29.56 40.8 84,500 51,249 1.0633 9 8.86 66.3 33.48 40.6 95,700 58,042 1.0707 10 8.92 66.7 37.47 40.5 107,100 64,956 1.0782 11 8.98 67.2 41.49 40.3 118,600 71,931 1.0857 12 9.04 67.6 45.59 40.1 130,300 79,027 1.0933 13 9.11 68.1 49.72 39.9 142,100 86,184 1.1880 14 9.17 68.6 53.91 39.8 154,100 93,462 1.1085 15 9.23 69.0 58.18 39.6 166,300 100,861 1.1162 16 9.30 69.6 62.49 39.4 178,600 108,321 1.1240 17 9.36 70.0 66.86 39.2 191,100 115,902 1.1319 18 9.43 70.5 71.27 39.0 203,700 123,544 1.1398 19 9.49 71.0 75.78 38.8 216,600 131,368 1.1487 20 9.56 71.5 80.33 38.6 229,600 139,253 1.1639 22 9.70 72.6 89.60 38.1 256,100 155,325 1.1804 24 9.83 73.5 99.12 37.7 283,300 171,822 1.1972 26 9.97 74.6 108.91 37.2 311,300 188,804


SALT is white, crystalline compound. It is sodium chloride with the chemical formula NaCl. Appearance………………………………..White crystals Specific Gravity……………………………2.16 Solubility…………………………………..35.7 parts/100 parts water at 32ºF SALT is used primarily in the preparation of saturated salt water drilling fluids. Saturated salt-water drilling fluids are used to prevent hole enlargement and washouts in areas where massive salt stringers or salt domes are to be drilled. Salt-water mud is also used in some areas to assist in the stabilization of active shales. SALT may be used in the water phase of oil muds to bal-ance the activity of the water phase to that of the formation as an aid to hole stability. In some instances, SALT may be used as a bridging agent for lost circulation, but this practice is restricted to saturated salt-water muds. SALT may be utilized in the prep aeration of brine fluids for work over and completion operations. SALT can be used in any system where and increase in chloride content is desirable. Unless used in combination with other salts, sodium chloride will increase the density of water to approximately 10lb/gal. SALT may be mixed through the mud hopper. Another device may be used in which a section of 2” pipe is welded to a hole cut into the bottom of a 55-gallon drum. The top of the pipe should be cut off a couple of inches from the top of the drum. SALT is placed in the drum and a water hose tied into the bottom. As the water percolates up through the salt, it will saturate itself before draining through the pipe into the pits.

Physical Properties of NaCl Solutions (at 68ºF or 20ºC)

SALT should be stored in a dry area. There are no other special precautions necessary. No special precautions are necessary when storing or using SALT. SALT is packaged in 80 lb. (36.9 kg.) multi-wall sacks or in bulk.

SODIUM CHLORIDE (SALT) PRODUCT BULLETIN

DESCRIPTION

TYPICAL PROPERTIES

APPLICATION

LIMITATIONS


HANDLING & STORAGE

SPECIAL

PRECAUTIONS

PACKAGING


CAUSTIC SODA is a sodium hydroxide with the chemical formula NaOH. The primary function of CAUSTIC SODA is for pH and alkalinity.. Appearance…………White, free flowing, flakes or pellets Specific Gravity…… 2.13 at 20°C PH……………………14 Solubility (20˚C)……Complete CAUSTIC SODA is used primarily for pH and alkalinity control in all water base mud systems. As a guideline for CAUSTIC SODA additions for pH and alkalinity control, consult the following chart: CAUSTIC SODA Guide for preparation of Base Muds of pH 7.5

Saturated salt water needs about twice the amount of caustic to change the pH as fresh water. In addition to pH control, CAUSTIC SODA is a necessary addition when using lignosulfonates, such as EECO-Sperce, or lig-nite products, such as EECO-Lig, to their solubility in the mud system. CAUSTIC SODA will also effectively treat out calcium as well as magnesium contaminants in drilling fluids. When added to ECCO-Salt Gel/starch mud systems in sufficient quantities to raise the pH to 11.5 or above, CAUSTIC SODA may be used to prevent bacterial degradation of the Starch, The need for a preservative is eliminated as long as the pH is controlled at 11.5 or above. CAUSTIC SODA is effective in any type of water base mud system although more product is required for saturated salt-water muds than for fresh water muds.

CAUSTIC SODA is very hazardous material and should mixed with extreme caution. Chemical goggles, face shield, hardhat, protective gloves and clothing should be worn at All times when handling CAUSTIC SODA. CAUSTIC SODA should not be mixed through the mud hopper but should be dissolved in water in a chemical barrel. One sack should be added very slowly with careful agitation to 50 gallons of water chemical barrel. The solution can then be added to the mud system. CAUSTIC SODA should be stored in a dry area to avoid absorption of moisture. In the event of a spill, dry caustic may be shov-eled up and the spill area flushed with water. Sodium bicarbonate or acetic acid can then be used to neutralize the last traces of the spill. CAUSTIC SODA is a very strong alkali and will cause severe burns. When handling or mixing the product, chemical safety goggles with plastic or rubber frames equipped with resistant glass or plastic lenses should be worn. Plastic face shields should be worn in addition to the goggles. Hard hats, gloves, apron, respirator, and safety shoes should also be worn. CAUSTIC SODA reacts violently with water and gives off tremendous heat. For this reason, CAUSTIC SODA should be added to water very slowly with sufficient agitation to prevent violent boiling or spurting. In case of swallowing, drink large amounts of water or milk followed by fruit juice or diluted vinegar to neutralize the CAUSTIC SODA. Do not induce vomiting. Get medical attention immediately. For skin contact, wash with water for 1-2 hours, or until medical help arrives. CAUSTIC SODA is available in 50 lb. (22.7 kg.) moisture-proof, multi-wall sacks.

NaOH (ppb) pH P Alkalinity (cc) 1/4 8.0-8.5 Trace-.1 1/3 8.5-9.0 .1-.25 1/2 9.5-10.0 .3-.5 3/4 11.0-11.5 .8-1.0 1 11.0-11.5 .8-1.0 2 12+ 3.0 3 12.5 5.0 4 12.5 7.0

CAUSTIC SODA PRODUCT BULLETIN


DESCRIPTION


APPLICATION

LIMITATIONS


HANDLING & STORAGE

SPECIAL PRECAUTIONS

PACKAGING:


DST-50 PRODUCT BULLETIN



Industrial Ground Gypsum Fine Grind (regular)

GYPSUM TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS

Location

Typical Chemical Analysis---% Screen Analysis----% Calcium Sul-fate

Calcium Sulfate

Elemental Ca Equiv.

Elemental S Equiv.

Plus 50

Mesh

Minus 100 Mesh

Baltimore, MD 87.5 1.6 20.4 16.3 98.9 96.1 East Chicago, IN 90.1 3.1 21.0 16.8 99.3 95.2 Empire, NV 87.8 1.3 20.4 16.4 98.3 91.8 Ft. Dodge, IA 93.0 0.2 21.6 17.3 99.6 95.3 Gysum, OH 87.9 5.2 20.5 16.4 99.3 94.9 Plaster City, CA 92.5 1.0 21.5 17.2 98.5 93.6 Sweetwater, TX 92.0 0.8 21.6 17.3 98.0 91.0 Coarse Grind Location

Typical Chemical Analysis% Screen Analysis----% Calcium Sulfate

Dihyrate Calcium

Sulfate Elemental

Ca Equiv.

Elemental

S Equiv.

Plus 50

Mesh

Minus

100 Mesh Detroit, MI 90.7 1.6 21.1 16.9 62.5 24.4 Shoals, IN 92.9 0.5 21.6 17.3 55.3 19.9


DESCRIPTION

TYPICAL PROPERTIES

APPLICATION

ADVANTAGES

TOXICITY & HANDLING

PACKAGING & STORAGE


LIME, hydrated LIME and staked LIME are all common names for calcium hydroxide [Ca(OH)2. It is used as a source of cal-cium and alkalinity in both water-and-oil base-drilling fluids. LIME, a widely available commercial chemical, is a economical source of calcium (Ca²+) and hydroxyl ions (OH-). Drilling fluid applications for LIME include: increasing pH; providing excess LIME as an alkalinity buffer; flocculating bentonite muds; removing soluble carbonate (CO3²-) ions; controlling corrosion; and activating fatty acid, oil-base mud additives. CAUTION: LIME is a strong base and will form high pH (alkaline) solutions. See product-handling information. Physical appearance………………………White powder Specific Gravity……………………………..2-2 pH (1% solubility)………………………….12.4 Solubility @ 68°F(20°C)…………………..0.165 g/100ml water Bulk Density………………………………...138 lb/ft3 (2,210.5 kg/m³) LIME is used as an economical source of calcium of flocculating bentonite slurries (spud mud) for improved hole cleaning since it is only slightly soluble in water, it is used to maintain an excess of insoluble LIME in a wide range of both water-and-oil based system. Excess LIME buffers pH; provides a reserve quantity of calcium to precipitate soluble carbonates; and activates fatty acid, oil-base additives. LIME is used for both calcium and pH control in Gyp and LIME systems. An alkaline pH, which is buffered by excess LIME, will prevent acidic conditions from occurring which can lead to accelerated corrosion from acid gases. The solubility of LIME increases with increased salinity, but decreases with increased calcium, increased pH and increased temperature. Normal treatments for LIME depend on the system. The three levels of LIME concentration are often described as: LOW LIME: 0.5 – 2.0 lb/bbl (1.43- 5.7 kg/m³) MEDIUM LIME: 2.0 – 5.0 lb/bbl (5.7 – 14-3 kg/m³) HIGH LIME: 5.0 – 15.0 lb/bbl (14.3 – 43.0 kg/m³) LIME precipates soluble carbonate ions as calcium carbonate (CaCO3) as follows: Ca (OH)2+CO3²→CaCO3↓+ 2(OH)2…………..(at pH>10.3) LIME (lb/bbl)=CO3²- (mg/l)x 0.000432 x Fw Water-base: Excess LIME (lb/bbl) 0.26[Pm-Fw x Pf] Oil-base: Excess LIME (lb/bbl) Pom x 1-3

Where: Fw=water fraction from retort analysis (% water/100 Widely available economical source of calcium and alkalinity. Bioassay information is available upon request. Handle as an industrial chemical, wearing protective equipment and observing he precautions as described on the Transportation and Material Safety Date Sheets MSDS). Avoid exposure and handle only when fully protected. LIME is an alkaline material and can burn eyes, skin and respiratory tract and may react violently with water or acids. LIME should be added slowly to the mud system through a properly designed mud hopper. DO NOT MIX LIME with other chemicals or through the chemical barrel (due to its limited solubility, it will settle.) LIME is usually packaged in 50-lb (22.7-kg) and 25-kg (55-lb), multi wall, paper sacks; numerous other sack sizes are used. Store in an area away from water acids. Keep all containers sealed. Once a container is opened it should be used immediately. LIME is highly reactive and may be corrosive to certain materials. Spills should be cleaned up using protective equipment as described on the MSDS and with the utmost care.

LIME PRODUCT BULLETIN


DESCRIPTION

APPLICATION

ADVANTAGES

LIMITATIONS

PHYSICAL PROPERTIES

TOXICITY & HANDLING

PACKAGING & STORAGE


SODA ASH is used in water-base muds as a source of carbonate ions to precipitate calcium, increase pH, or flocculate spud muds. SODA ASH is the common name for sodium carbonate (Na²CO³). It is a weak base, which is soluble in water and disso-ciates into Sodium (Na+) and carbonate (Co³=) ions in solution. SODA ASH is primarily used to reduce soluble calcium in waterbased drilling muds and make-up waters. Other uses include increasing pH and flocculating spud muds. Calcium is present in many make-up waters and formations. It can cause flocculation of the mud resulting in increased rheology, gel strengths and fluid loss. High filtrate calcium will cause precipitation of calcium sensitive additives such as the acrylic Polymers POLY-PLUS (PHPA), SP-101 (SPA) and RING FREE L PLUS, which are the most sensitive. Celluosic polymers SUPER PAC (PAC) and CMC are only slightly calcium-sensitive and tolerate moderate levels of filtrate calcium. Typical treatments of SODA ASH range from 0.25 to 2 lb/bbl (0.7 to 5.7 kg/m³), dependent on the calcium level and water chemistry of the drilling fluid. One pound (0.45 kg) of SODA ASH will remove the calcium from 1.283 pounds (0.58 kg) calcium sulfate (anhydrite). Treatments should be made on an incremental basis to prevent over-treatment, which results in carbonate contamination. NOTE: If significant quantities of soluble magnesium (>320 mg/1Mg-7) are present, such as in seawater, use caustic soda to reduce the amount of magnesium prior to adding SODA ASH to reduce the soluble calcium concentration. The calcium precipitation chemical reaction is described as: Ca+++Na²CO³→CaCO³↓+2Na+9.7<pH<11.7) When using SODA ASH to reduce hardness: SODA ASH (lb/bbl)=Ca (mg/1)x 0.00093 x Fw Fw=Water fraction from retort analysis (% Water/100) In pure water, SODA ASH forms highly buffered solutions that range between a pH of 10.9 to 11.6 at concentrations of 0.21 to .30 lb/bbl (0.6 to .86 kg/³). Carbonate ions begin being concerted into bicarbonate (HC03) ions when the pH decreased below 11.3 Figure 1 illustrates the pH-dependent equilibrium relationship of carbonate, bicarbonate, and carbonic acid.

• Widely available and an economic source of carbonate ions to precipitate calcium while increases pH. • Effective flocculent for spud muds. • Concentrate chemical: effectively removes calcium in most drilling fluids at small treatment levels.

1. Increases pH and should not be used to treat cement contamination or higher pH fluids; less soluble at high pH. 2. Over-treatment results in carbonate ions can cause large increases in yield point, gel strengths and fluid loss.

Physical appearance………………………..White powder Specific gravity……………………………….2.51 pH (1% solution)…………………………….11.4 Solubility……………………………………..Soluble in water (51g/100 ml at 86°F/30°C) Bioassay information is available upon request. Handle as an industrial chemical, wearing protective equipment and observing the precautions as described on the Transportation and Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS). SODA ASH is an alkaline material that may cause irritation to eyes, skin, or respiratory tract. SODA ASH should be added slowly to the mud system either by mixing through the hopper or chemical barrel. Do not mix SODA ASH with other chemicals, especially caustic soda or lime. When using a chemical barrel, mix SODA ASH into a full barrel of fresh water and provide adequate agitation. SODA ASH is packaged in 100-lb (45.4-kg) and 50-lb (22.7-kg), multi-wall, paper sacks. SODA ASH is a globally available commercial chemical, other package sizes include: 35-kg, 30-kg, 40-kg, 50-kg, 80-kg and 88-kg in various styles of paper sacks or plastic containers. Store in a dry area away from water or acids.

SODA ASH PRODUCT BULLETIN


DESCRIPTION

TYPICAL PROPERTIES

APPLICATION

LIMITATIONS


HANDLING & STORAGE

SPECIAL PRECAUTIONS

PACKAGING


SODIUM BICARBONATE ( NaHCO3) is used to precipitate soluble calcium in water base muds. SODIUM BICARBONATE is used primarily for treating cement. Appearance…………………………………White, crystalline powder Specific Gravity………….……..…………..0.95 pH………………………….…….…………...8.2 Solubility………………….…………………16.4% @ 60°C SODIUM BICARBONATE is used to treat cement contamination. The reaction is as follows:

Ca(OH)2+ NaHCO3 NaOH + H2O + CaCo3 Mix .0077 lb/bbl for each EPM soluble calcium. Mix approximately 50 lb/bbl of SODIUM BICARBONATE to pretreat 1 cubic foot of cement. One sack (100 lb) will treat approximately 30 feet of cement inside 5-½ inch casing (one hundred pounds of SODIUM BICARBONATE per 1 cubic foot for post treatment.) When green cement is drilled, the treatment with SOIDUM BICARBONATE may need to be doubled or even tripled. Bicarbonate of soda will result in a decrease in pH, allowing the solubility calcium concentration to increase. Bicarb is also used to break back lime and gyp muds to fresh water muds.

Do not use SODIUM BICARBONATE to treat make-up water; use Soda Ash. Over-treatment with SODIUM BICARBONATE will result in carbonate and bicarbonate contamination, which will result in rheological and filtration control problems. SODIUM BICARBONATE should be mixed through the mud hopper. Store in a clean, cool, dry place. Like all powder products, inhalation of dust particles should be avoided.

SODIUM BICARBONATE is packaged in 100 lb. (45.4 kg) multi-wall paper sacks.

SODIUM BICARBONATE PRODUCT BULLETIN


DESCRIPTION

APPLICATION

ADVANTAGES

PHYSICAL PROPERTIES


Bio-Clear 1000 rapidly and effectively kills microorganisms encountered in oil field operations, including sulfate-reducing and algal slime-forming bacteria. It is a 100% active, dry brominated propionamide, commonly described as DBNPA. Bio-Clear 1000 works presence of hydrocarbons. It starts to kill instantly, and normally DBNPA will decontaminate a system within one hour. DBNPA has a very short life in the environment; therefore it is considered one of the safest biocides when spilled. Ease of handling in water-soluble bags, high potency and quick kill make Bio-Clear 1000 an excellent biocide choice for the following oilfield applications:

• Drilling, Completion, and Workover Fluids • Fracturing Fluids • Packer Fluids • Treatment of Produced Water Prior to Re-injection • Shock Treatments for Water Flood Injection Water

Use 6 to 54 ppm Bio-Clear 1000 (0.2-1.9 lb per 100 barrels of water). Use two bags per 300 bbl frac tank and three bags per 500 bbl frac tank to effectively kill bacteria. For best results add Bio-Clear 1000 to tanks just before they are filled with water. This maximizes the DBNPA concentration in the tank and greatly enhances the kill rate. DBNPA decomposes rapidly as the system starts below pH 9.0. Since Bio-Clear 1000 acts rapidly, it can still be used where the treatment calls for a pH control additives to rapidly kill the bacteria.

• Kills rapidly, normally within one hour • Effective at very low concentrations • Broad spectrum biocide effective against both aerobic and anaerobic microorganisms • Reduces population of sessile and plank tonic organisms known to plug injection wells • Non-foaming • Not affected by organic materials • EPA registration • Highly concentrated • Water-Soluble • Easy to mix and dilute uniformly • Not affected by hard water or salts • Non-persistent in the environment • Does not affect the performance of enzyme breakers

Appearance………………………….White to off-white powder Specific Gravity at 68˚F……………..1.25-1.35 g/cc Melting Point………………………...125˚C (257˚F) Pour Point…………………………….N/A DBNPA(minimum)……………………97% by wt pH, 1% Solution……………………...4.1 to 4.5 Charge………………………………...Non-ionic Weight per bag………………………..1 lb or 0.45 KG

BIO-CLEAR 1000 PRODUCT BULLETIN

DRY DBNPA BIOCIDE


DESCRIPTION

TYPICAL PROPERTIES

APPLICATION

TOXICITY

& HANDLING

PACKAGING HANDLING


BAC BAN III micro biocide is used to prevent bacterial degradation of organic materials in water-base drilling fluids. BACBAN III is a highly concentrated granular material thought to be safer in handling than liquid micro biocides. BACBAN III is regis-tered with the EPA for oilfield use. Appearance………………………...Light green to yellow granules. Mild odor. Specific Gravity…………………....1.0 Solubility in Water………………...Dispersible Volatility…………………………….None BAC BAN III controls bacteria in all water-base drilling, completion, and packer fluids. It is effective against aerobic and an-aerobic bacteria. To prevent starch fermentation, an initial treatment of one 6 lb jug (2.73 kg) of BAC BAN III should be added to 400 bbls (60 m³) of drilling fluid. The initial treatment should be added through the mud hopper or directly to the suction pit at a rate of one to five minutes per jug. The total initial treatment should be spaces evenly over one circulation. Make-up water also should be treated with one jug to 400 bbls (60 m³). For maintenance, add ½ -1/3 jug to 400 bbls (60 m³) of drilling fluid on a daily basis. The daily treatments should be spaced evenly over one circulation. Packer fluids should be treated with one jug BAC BAN III to 200 bbls (30 m³) of fluid. Unlike paraformaldehyde, BAC BAN III is compatible with oxygen scavengers. BAC BAN III should be mixed through the hopper or added directly to the suction pit. To avoid splash contact, it should not be premixed with water. Observe caution in handling. Minimize personnel contact. Refer to Material Safety Data Sheet and product label for details. Aquatic bioassay test results are available on request. BAC BAN III is packaged in a one-gallon (3.79 liter) plastic jug which contains six pounds (2.7 kg) of active material. Empty jugs should be rinsed with water before disposal. BAC BAN III is available at M-I stock points

BAC BAN III PRODUCT BULLETIN

BIOCIDE


DESCRIPTION


CMS 101 is a liquid sodium sisulfite oxygen scavenger. This product is designed to scavenge dissolved oxygen from make up waters as well as from drilling fluids. Normally 12 ppm of sulfite will scavenge 1 ppm of dissolved oxygen. CMS 101 is non-foaming, water-soluble and has an activity rate of 70%, which is the most effective concentration available on the market today for control of dissolved oxygen.

CMS 101 PRODUCT BULLETIN


DESCRIPTION

APPLICATION

PHYSICAL PROPERTIES


CMS-202 is a water soluble scale/corrosion inhibitor developed for use in Air Mist drilling. CMS-202 contains potent iron che-lating components that prevent the build up of iron oxide scale, thus keeping the bit from plugging. CMS-202 is a complex, organic compound which is nontoxic and biodegradable. This product contains no chromate of heavy metals. CMS-202 is compatible with all mist foamers. The normal use rate of CMS-202 is 0.5 to 1.5 gallons product to ten barrels of mist water. The product may be applied by batch treatment or continuously injected with a chemical pump. Appearance……………………………Light amber liquid Odor…………………………………...Slight caustic odor pH……………………………………...8-10 Specific gravity………………………..1.04-1.14 g/ml Solubility………………………………Completely water miscible Density………………………………...9.11 lbs/gal



DESCRIPTION

APPLICATION

TREATING METHODS

PHYSICAL PROPERTIES


CMS-303 is a concentrated water soluble corrosion and scale inhibitor. CMS-303 is a blend of high molecular weight neutralized maleic acid amine with a low molecular weight scale dispersant. This unique mixture deposits a thin, protective barrier film on the metal surface that is tenacious, uniform, and non-gunking. This film is effective against CO2, H2S, organic acids and inor-ganic salts. The polyacrylic/maleic anhydride terpolymer disperses scale formulation. CMS-303 will find applications throughout the drilling industry. This product is especially recommended for the following:

1. Aerated drilling operations 2. Sweet (CO2) or sour (H2S) gas condensate wells 3. Sweet (CO2) or sour (H2S) oil wells with high water/oil ratios 4. Natural gas pipelines 5. Geothermal drilling

The treating methods and treating rates for CMS-303 will vary from well to well and system to system depending on many fac-tors such as severity of the problem, location of the corrosion, and economics. A thorough evaluation of the system and its indi-vidual characteristics should be conducted prior to initiating treatment so that optimum treating results are obtained For aerated drilling operations

a. Batch 0.5 to 2 gallons down drill pipe hourly b. Continuously inject 0.5 to 2 gallons down drill pipe hourly

For gas condensate wells

a. Pump 55 to 110 gallons down tubing For geothermal operations

a. Continuously inject sufficient amount to provide optimum corrosion and deposition rates Appearance…………………………Reddish-brown liquid Odor………………………………...Slight Amine odor pH…………………………………...7-10 Density………………………………1.0 g/ml Density………………………………8.4 lbs/gal



DESCRIPTION

FEATURES & BENEFITS

APPLICATION RECOMMENDED

TREATMENT

RECOMMENDED TREATMENT

LEVELS

TYPICAL PHYSICAL

PROPERTIES

ENVIRONMENTAL INFORMATION

SHIPPING

SAFE HANDLING RECOMMENDATION

PACKAGING


X-CIDE® 207 is a biocide containing chloromethylisothiazolone (5-cloro-2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one) and methyl-isothiazolone (2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one) absorbed on inert granular carrier. The biocide is nonionic and is recommended for use in drilling, workover/completion, and packer fluids. X-CIDE 207 is effective as a preservative for starch muds and is effective at low concentration levels. X-CIDE 207 is safer to handle than liquids and can be stored in extreme cold weather without fear of freezing. X-CIDE 207 can be used in any water-based mud to control growth of bacteria and fungus. The table below shows the treatment levels that are recommended for X-CIDE 207. X-CIDE 207 should be added in the suction pit near the vortex of a mixer or slowly through the mud hopper at a rate to equal approximately the circulation time of the mud system. X-CIDE 207 has been evaluated in Baker Hughes Drilling Fluids’ Bioassay Program. The United States Environmental Protec-tion Agency’s (US EPA) Drilling Fluids Toxicity Test resulted in little or no toxicity for 0.043 kg/m³ (0.015 lb/bbl) of X-CIDE 207 in a generic #7 mud system. X-CIDE 207 has been registered by the US EPA for use in drilling fluids (US EPA #5009-39). For information concerning environmental regulations applicable to Baker Hughes Drilling Fluids’ products, contact the Health, Safety, and Environmental Department.

Transportation of X-CIDE 207 is not restricted by either international or USA regulatory agencies. Utilize normal precautions for employee protection when handling chemical products. Use of appropriate respirator, gloves, goggles, and apron in recommended for employee comfort and protection. See Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) prior to use. X-CIDE 207 is packaged 6 lb (2.7 kg) of product/1 gal (3.8 liter) jug.

X-CIDE® 207 PRODUCT BULLETIN

Initial 0.043 kg/m³ (1 gal jug/400 bbl)

Daily 0.013—0.011 kg/m³ (1/3—1/4 gal jub/400 bbl

Packer fluid 0.086 kg/m³ (1 gal jug/200 bbl)

Appearance granular powder

Flash point (SFCC) 110° C (230° F)

Pour Point N/A


DESCRIPTION

APPLICATION

TYPICAL PROPERTIES

FEATURES & BENEFITS

SAFETY & STORAGE


A granular, brominated biocide used to control bacteria degradation of fracturing and drilling fluids. This biocide must only be applied as specified on the label. X-CIDE®600 bactericide is used to control a broad spectrum of microorganisms in water-based drilling, completion, fracturing and packer fluids. A typical application in drilling fluids is 5 to 10 pounds per 400 barrels depending upon the severity of contamination. This product should be added at a point in the system that would ensure good mixing and would allow the water-soluble bag to completely dissolve. Daily maintenance doses are recommended to maintain an effective level of biocide Specific Gravity @ 60ºF (16ºC)………………..0.96 Density @ 60ºF (16ºC)…………………….……8.0 lbs/U.S. gal Flash Point, SFCC……………………………….>200ºF (>93ºC) Pour Point, ASTM D-97………………………...-30ºF (-34ºC) Solubility, 1% in water…………………………..Soluble Feature:

Water soluble packaging Benefit:

Minimizes container handling and disposal Feature:

Preservative chemistry Benefits:

Maintains fluid integrity for extended periods Controls fluid degradation due to bacterial contamination

Feature:

Broad spectrum activity Benefit:

Effective against sulfate reducing, acid producing, anaerobic and general aerobic bacteria.

Before handling, storage or use, see the Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) for details.

X-CIDE 600 PRODUCT BULLETIN

BACTERICIDE


DESCRIPTION

APPLICATION

TYPICAL

PROPERTIES

FEATURES & BENEFITS

MATERIAL COMPATIBILITY

PACKAGING


X-CIDE®102 industrial bactericide is a liquid aldehyde-based formulation designed for the control of bacterial growth in waters associated with petroleum production. The product is also available in a winterized version, X-CIDE 102W, for applications in colder climates and low temperature situations. This biocide must only be applied as specified on the label. X-CIDE 102 can be used to control bacteria in water flood operations, in water disposal systems, and in water that collects in tank bottoms. It is particularly recommended for controlling sulfate reducing bacteria in waters used for polymer flood programs, and will not interfere with viscosity characteristics of the polymer agent. It is particularly recommended for controlling sulfate reducing bacteria in waters used for polymer flood programs, and will not interfere with viscosity characteristics of the polymer agent. This bactericide may also be used to treat injection water systems. Recommended application points are: immediately ahead of water de-oiling equipment, in the clear water holding tank, or at the suction side of the injection pump. Typical applica-tion rates are 100-5000 ppm on a slug basis, and 30 ppm on a continuous basis. Form………………………………………..Liquid Color………………………………………..Light Amber Solubility……………………………………Water Soluble Ionic Character…………………………….Nonionic Specific Gravity @ 60ºF (16ºC)…………1.066 Specific Weight @ 60ºF (16ºC)………….8.88 lbs/US gal Flash Point, SFCC…………………………>200ºF (93ºC) Pour Point…………………………………..20ºF (-7ºC) Feature: Not effected by total dissolved solids and high brine composition Benefit: Can be used in a wide range of brines

Feature: Rapidly biodegradable Benefit: Discharge permits usually granted

Feature: Will not react with H2S Benefit: Can be used in sour water

Feature: Effective against sulfate reducing bacteria at low concentrations Benefit: Reduces microbially influenced corrosion and biogenic H2S production

Feature: Non-emulsifying Benefit: Can be used upstream of oil water separation equipment, air flotation equipment and filters

Feature: Reservoir compatible Benefit: Can be applied by squeeze application

Feature: Compatible with polymers Benefit: Can be used to preserve EOR polymers, well stimulation and drilling fluids. Suitable: Metals: 304 stainless steel, 316 stainless steel Plastics: HD polyethylene, HD polypropylene, PVC, fiberglass Elastomers: TEFLON

Not Suitable: Metals: admiralty brass, aluminum, copper, mild steel Plastics: PLEXIGLASS Elastomers: BUNA N, neoprene, HYPALON, VITON X-CIDE 102 is a registered biocide (EPA Registration Number 10707-19). Refer to the container label for precautionary, envi-ronmental, first aid, handling, storage and disposal information. Goggles and impermeable gloves should be worn when handling this product. Contaminated skin or eyes should be flushed with water. Before handling, storage or use, see the Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) for details.

X-CIDE 102 PRODUCT BULLETIN

INDUSTRIAL BACTERICIDE


13027 County Road 18 Ft. Lupton, CO 80621

Toll Free: 888-842-6833 Local: 303-857-4171 Fax: 303-857-3938

13027 county road 18 * fort lupton, co 80621 *...

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