TRANSCRIPT
DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING
BT-CEKAILASH POKHRIYAL
13095000252016-17
Building material Testing
Represented by :-KailashBT-CE1309500025
Organisation ProfilePublic Works Department Delhi is the premier agency of Govt. of NCT of Delhi engaged in planning, designing, construction and maintenance of Government assets in the field of built environment and infrastructure development. Assets in built environment include Hospitals, Schools, Colleges, Technical Institutes, Police Buildings, Prisons, Courts etc; assets in infrastructure development include Roads, Bridges, Flyovers, Footpaths, Subways etc.
AIMS & OBJECTIVES: Planning, designing, construction and maintenance of assets related to road communication and built social infrastructure for Govt. of NCT of Delhi through a well developed system
MISSION : Plan, design & execute safe built infrastructure in a professional manner for Govt of DelhiVISION: Provide leadership to construction industry by becoming a synonym & trend setter for quality, speed & economy
Contents
• INTRODUCTION• CONCRETE BATCHING PLANT• WORKING OF BATCHING PLANT• APPLICATION • AGGREGATE TESTING• BITUMEN TESTING• SOIL TESTING• CONCLUSION• REFERENCES
INTRODUCTION• Building material is any material which is used
for construction purposes. Many naturally occurring substances, such as clay, rocks, sand, and wood, even twigs and leaves, have been used to construct buildings.
• Apart from naturally occurring materials, many man-made products are in use, some more and some less synthetic.
Concrete Batching Plant• In this process cement is mixed with coarse aggregate
,fine aggregate and with water.• Concrete batch plants are devices used to mix the
various ingredients to form concrete.• This process is conducted very carefully since
concrete must not segregate.
Batch plants can be categorized into 4 parts: • Aggregate feeding• Powder feeding• Water• Admixture
APPLICATION• Concrete batching plants are widely used to produce various
kinds of concrete including quaking concrete and hard concrete, suitable for large or medium scale building works, road and bridge works and precast concrete plants, etc
Concrete Testing Lab
1. Test On Gradation Of Coarse Aggregate By Sieve Analysis Method
For 20mm Aggregate FOR 10MM AGGREGATE2. Gradation Of Fine Aggregate3. Silt Content And Water Absorption Of Sand 4. Aggregate Crushing Value Test ( IS : 2386 ( PART 4 – 1963) 5. Impact Value Test On Coarse Aggregates
Sieve Analysis
• Purpose- This define the grading of aggregate to be used, the grading highly impact the overall strength of the concrete. Greater be the size of aggregates greator will be the strength of concrete. But , the maximum size should be limited otherwise it will impact other factors such as reinforcement spacing, thickness of section, clear cover etc.
• Apparatus Required: A set of IS sieves for fineness modulus (80 mm, 40 mm, 20 mm, 16 mm, 10 mm, 4.75mm), weighing machine, quatering shovel, trough & soft brush.
• Material Required: coarse aggregate
fig 4 : sieve arrangement for coarse aggregate
Sieve size
Weight retained
(g)
% weight retained
% cumulative wt retained
% cumulative wt passing
Matching limits
40mm
20mm
10mm
4.75mm
pan
0
288
3823
173
14
0
6.65
88.25
3.99
0
6.65
94.9
98.89
100
93.35
5.09
1.11
85-100
5-10
0-20
0-5
2nd grading
Observation:Sample Weight: 4.332 kg Observation Table:
Formula Used:
Result: The grading of sand has been found within 2nd grade.
FOR 10MM AGGREGATEOBSERVATION: WEIGHT OF SAMPLE- 276gm
OBSERVATION TABLE :
Sieve size Weight retained
(g)
% weight retained
% cumulative wt retained
% cumulative wt passing
Matching limits
12mm
10mm
4.75mm
2.36mm
pan
0
283
2206
426
60
0
10.43
79.8
15.42
0
10.43
90.23
95.22
100
89.57
9.77
4.78
100
85-100
0-20
0-5
2nd grading
Gradation Of Fine AggregateThe aggregates showing size below 4.74 mm are considered as fine aggregates.
Purpose: The purpose is to know the character or grade of fine aggregate it is meadim, coarse or finner. The fine aggregates from size 4.75 mm to 150 micron. This test gives idea to make mortar or concreteApparatus Required: A set of IS sieve for fineness modulus 4.75 mm,2.36 mm, 1.18 mm, 600 micron, 300 micron and 150 micron, weighing balance, shovel, trough, soft brush
Material Required: fine grained sand
3.3.2.7 Observation : Weight Of Sample: 1.102gObservation Table:
Sieve sizeWeight retained
(g)
% weight retained
% cumulative wt retained
% cumulative wt passing
Matching limits
10mm 0 0 0 100 1004.75mm 120 11.83 11.83 88.17 90-1002.36mm 110 10.84 22.67 77.33 75-1001.18mm 159 15.68 38.35 61.65 55-90600micron 133 13.11 51.46 48.54 35-59300micron 216 21.30 72.76 27.24 8-30
150micron 211 20.80 93.56 6.44 0-1075micron 51 5.02 98.58 1.42 0-3Pan 14Total amount
1014 2nd grading or zone-2
Result:The fine aggregate is found within 2n grading. Conclusion: The grading of sand is closer to 2nd grading curve of limits defined by IS code.
Silt Content And Water Absorption Of Sand
Field test is generally conducted in order to determine the volumetric percentage of silt in natural sand for percentage up to 6%, otherwise more detailed test as prescribed by standard code are required to be conducted.
Apparatus: 250 ml measuring cylinder,tray and water cane etc
Fig 5 Silt content in Fine Aggregate
Observation:
1. VOLUME OF SAMPLE, V1 = 250
2. VOLUME OF SILT AFTER 3 HOURS, V2= 125
3. % SILT BY VOLUME= (V2/V1) * 100 = 7.3% Result: The silt content is nearest to the whole number Limits: Silt content is allow maximum 10%
Bitumen Testing Lab1. Determination of Bitumen content in the Bitumen Mix2. To determine ductility value of given bitumen sample
Determination of Bitumen content in the Bitumen Mix.
Apparatus & Solvent: Centrifuge apparatus, Trichloroethylene or Benzene.
Centrifuge apparatus used for binder content test of bituminous mix
Purpose: The test determines the bitumen content in the bituminous mix by cold solvent extraction.
Fig 9
Observation Table
SNO OBSERVATION
READINGS
(g)
1. Weight of mix taken before extraction ( W1) 1.6192. Weight of filter paper before extraction (B) 0.0123. Weight of mix after extraction (W2) 16014. Weight of filter paper after extraction (D) 0.0135. Wt of filter collected from extract after
allowing for setting (W4)0.001
6. Wt of filler collected in filter paper, D-B= W3 0.0017. Wt of aggregate + filler collected after
extraction = W2+W3+ W41601
8. Percentage of Bitumen , in the mix
= ( W1- ( W2+ W3+ W4)) / W1 X 100
1.11%
Calculation: The percentage of binder in the bituminous mix sample as follows:Percentage of Binder = [W1 – (W2 + W3 + W4) /W1] x 100WhereW1 = Weight of the sample, gW2 = Weight of the sample after extraction, gW3 = Weight of the fine material recovered from the extract, gW4 = Increase in weight of filter ring, g
Observation: The Bitumen content is found to be 1.11%.
Result: The content of Bitumen in Bitumen mix is 1.11%
Ductility value of given bitumen sample.
Equipment & Apparatus: Briquette mould, Ductility machine with water bath and a pulling device, knife, Thermometer.
Fig 9
Record: The distance at which the bitumen thread of each specimen breaks is recorded (in cm) to report as ductility value.The average penetration value of 3 tests of a given bitumen sample isrecorded.
Safety & Precautions : Use hand gloves while removing containers from oven after switching off the oven.
Carefully fill the mould avoid air pocket with right arrangement.
Soil Testing Lab1. Liquid limit Test of soil using cone penetrometer Method (IS-
2720-Part-5-1985)2. To determine the Plastic limit of soil
3. CBR of soil either in undisturbed or Remoulded condition
Determination of CBR of soil either in undisturbed or Remoulded condition
Equipment & Apparatus: Compression machine,Proving ring, Dial gauge, Timer,Sampling tube,Split mould,Vernier caliper, Balance.
Preparation Sample: The test may be performed(a) On undisturbed soil specimen(b) On remoulded soil specimen
Observation Table:
DESCRIPTION BEFORE SOAKING AFTER SOAKING1.No of blows 55 552. mould no 14 143.wt of mould + compacted soil, w2
17.605 kg 11.753kg
4. wt of compacted soil 6kg 9kg5. container no 35 466. wt of container (w) 35.84 44.527. wt of cont+ wet soil, w3 99.09 155.648.cont wt + dry soil,w4 91.49 115.219.Wt of water (w3-w4) 7.6 40.4310.wt of dry soil (w4-w) 55.65 70.6911. moisture content 13.66 57.1912. dry density 1.75 2.625
PENETRATION (1.25mm/min)
READINGS LOAD = R X CF, CF= 3.06
0.5 2 6.121 5 15.31.5 8 24.482 11 33.662.5 14 42.843 16 48.963.5 18 55.084 20 61.24.5 23 70.385 26 79.565.5 29 88.746 31 94.866.5 34 104.047 37 113.227.5 39 119.34
Observations:1.Sample 1 weight for soaked condition = 6 kg 2. Mould + sample weight = 17.605 kg3. Volume of Mould = 3015.84cc4. Weight of mould =11.605 kg
Formula Used: Calfornia Bearing Ratio = PT / Ps X 100
WherePT = Corrected unit (or total) test load corresponding to the chosen penetration curve, and PS = Unit(or total) standard load for the same depth of penetration as for PS taken from standard code
Why we do testing ?To achieve certification by complying with current guidelines and building regulationsTo ensure products are fit for purposeTo find out why products are failing in use or during manufactureTo develop new materials and new products through certificationTo solve patent disputes or resolve legal disputesTo benchmark against competitors’ products.
Conclusion Good expopsure to batching plant. Readings taken are as per IS CODES Materials used are of greater strength
References1. www.civilblog.org2. BC Punmia – A Textbook of Building Material & Construction3. CONTINENTIAL ENGG. CORPORATION
THANK YOU