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Modeling Peri-Urbanization of Bangalore Metropolitan City – A Geoinformatic Approach

Chapter 5 A Case Study of Peenya and Whitefield

5.1 Introduction - Functional Regions 133

5.2 Selection Criteria of Case Study Pockets – (Industrial Development)

134

5.3 Peenya –Geographical Setting 135

5.4 Location of the seed of Peenya Industrial Area 136

5.5 Favorable factors for selecting Peenya Industrial Area 138

5.6 Non-favorable factors for selecting Peenya Industrial Area 140

5.7 C A Model for Peenya 142

5.8 Selection Criteria of Case Study Pockets – (Informational Technological Development)

147

5.9 Whitefield - Geographical Setting 148

5.10 Location of the seed of Whitefield Information Technological Area

150

5.11 Favorable factors for selecting Whitefield Area 152

5.12 Non-favorable factors for selecting Whitefield Area 153

5.13 C A Model for Whitefield 155

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5.1 Introduction

'Functions are the driving force of city life and influence to a very large extent its growth

and morphology'. City functions are mostly related to non-primary activities like manufacturing,

trade- commerce, transport, communication, administration, etc. which may be grouped under

secondary and tertiary categories. Besides, there is a huge category of other services like

professional (education, medical etc.), personal (hotel) recreation, etc., financial (banking,

insurance etc.), public administration (capital, defense etc.), public utility services (electricity,

drinking water, sanitation, etc.), and socio- cultural (religious, literary philosophical etc.) etc.

which are also provided by the urban centers.

All these urban functions may also be grouped under three broad categories: (1) basic (2)

non-basic, and (3) centripetal and centrifugal. Of these basic, centripetal and centrifugal

functions play major role in the evolution and development of urban centers. Various attempts

have been made by scholars to classify urban centers on the basis of their functions and a

number of non-statistical and statistical techniques have been proposed for the same. Amrita Lai

(1959) was the first to attempt a fund classification of Indian cities. He used location quotient

(L.Q.) method to determine the functional within 67 class cities of the country. According to his

findings, 'with the exception of four national (manufacturing/mining) cities all the cities are

multifunctional in nature.

Among the bi-functional cities, transport and public administrate manufacturing are the

most commonly occurring functions. On the other hand, specialization in which sale trade, FIR

services, education, profession services and retail trade are common as social with cities which

specialize in three or more functions. According to the intensity of specialization classes, retail

trade has the largest number of which a normal specialization followed by manufacturing,

transport, other professions, education, whole sale trade and public administration. The small

number of cities with normal specialization in public ministration and wholesale trade may be an

index, the sporadic character of their distribution in the Indian cities in contrast to retail trade

and other functions w' are more ubiquitous.

Qazi Ahmad (1965) used 62 variables to classify 102 Indian cities on the basis of their

functions. He found through his factor analysis that 1 dimension were required to account for

over 70percent of the correlations among variables. Ashok Mitra (1971, 1973) used seven

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categories of workers as variables, grouped into three major functional type viz. manufacturing,

trade and transport and services. Above analysis leads we to conclude that majority of the Indian

cities are multifunctional in nature. This diversification increases with the increasing size of the

cities. On the other hand, there is decline in industrial specialization of the city with increasing

size of its population and area.

Functional Classification is applied for all the features like roads, railways, service

providers and many more. Bangalore Metropolitan city is one of the multi-functional performing

cities; it has gone through all the functions. If we consider individual function in the Bangalore

Metropolitan Region, each and every area will perform one or another set of functions.

Industries, Informational Technology, Education, Hospitality, Transportation, and

Entertainment are some of the important functions. Selected four pockets also perform some of

the important functions.

5.2 Selection Criteria for the Case Study Pockets – (Industrial Development)

Bangalore Metropolitan Region is covered by many Industries from all the corners of the

city; it has all type of Small Scale Industries, Medium Scale Industries and Large Scale Industries.

Varieties of Industries like Engineering, Food Processing, Transportation, Bio-Chemical

Industries, Garments and others.

Bangalore Metropolitan Regions have many Industrial Belts, those are

1. Peenya Industrial Belt (Peenya, Yeshawanthapura, Rajajinagar and Jalahalli)

2. Bommanahalli Industrial Belt ( Bommanahalli, Silk Board and Electronic City)

3. Begur Industrial Belt (Begur, Chikka Begur and Tattasandra)

4. Sadaramangala Industrial Belt K R Puram, Devasandra, Hoodi and Sadaramangala)

5. Whitefield Industrial Belt (Whitefield, Hope Farm and Kadagodi)

6. Magadi Road Industrial Belt (Agrahara Dasarahalli, Kamkshipalya and Sunkadhakate)

7. Kengeri-Bidadi Industrial Belt (Kengeri, Kumbalagooud and Bidadi)

Peenya Industrial Belt has been taken for the Case study purpose because this is one of

the largest Industrial areas in the Asia. Peenya Industrial Belt includes the major industrial areas

like Peenya, Yeshawanthapura, Rajajinagar, Jalahalli, Goraguntepallya, Dasarahalli and others.

Peenya Industrial area has all the type of industries likely Engineering Industries, Electrical

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Industries: Bio-Chemical Industries, Biotechnological, Manufacturing Companies, Garments

Industries and Paper Industries. In Peenya Industrial Area about 75% of Industries are covered

by Engineering and Garments Industries. This belt has registered more than 7500 industries,

which comes under the Peenya Industrial Association. This industrial belt has the growth in the

urban area as well as in peri-urban area. That’s why this has been taken as one of the study area

pockets.

5.3 Peenya – Geographical Setting

Peenya is the name of an industrial area of the Bangalore city in India. It is considered to

be one of the largest industrial areas in Asia. Peenya lies on Bangalore - Mangalore Highway

(NH-48 ). The co-ordinate location of Peenya is 13.033 N Latitude and 77.531 E Longitude. It

houses small, medium, and large scale industries. The industrial area is known for engineering,

electrical goods such as: CNC Machine tools transformers, motors and generators, textile (silk),

hydraulics and machine tool industries. The industrial area was established in late 1970s. Well

known companies in India like Ace Designers Wipro Technologies, ABB, Bharat Fritz

Werner have their factories at Peenya.

Peenya Industrial area is covered by 31 BBMP Wards, in that Yeshwanthapura, Jalahalli,

HMT Layout, Goraguntepallya, Marappana pallya, Nandhini Layout, Laggere, Peenya Industrial

Area, Nagasandra, T Dasarahalli, KalyanaNagara, Bagalkunte, Shettihalli, Kuvempu Nagara,

Vidyaranyapura, RMV II Stage, Mattikere comes within the study area and Atturu, Yelahanka

Satellite Town, Aramane Nagara, Subramanya Nagara, Hegganahalli, Dooda Bidarakallu wards

partially covers the Peenya Industrial Area.

The Peenya Industrial area is having the population of 8, 12,243 Persons, average density

of the Peenya Industrial area is 1343 person per sq km. From Bangalore city to Peenya the

Distance is about 11km. The growth of the Bangalore Metropolitan Region can be seen in the

East, Central, South East and South part of the Study area.

The Peenya Industries association, which was founded in 1978 with a handful of

enthusiastic entrepreneurs with the objective of safeguarding the interest of industrial units in

Peenya Complex, now has 3700 members. Over the years the Association has transformed itself

from a welfare organization into a facilitator for the promotion and growth of small-scale

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industries. The Association has attained the status of being recognized by both the Central and

State Governments in the formulation of industrial policies. The Association is a registered body

under Karnataka Societies Registration Act, 1960.

5.4 Location of the seed of Peenya Industrial Area

Peenya Industrial area is covered by many commercial, residential and industrial areas;

the seed point of the Peenya has been selected as the center part of the Peenya. The actual

location of Peenya is 13.033 N Latitude, 77.531 E Longitude and 826 Mts Altitude.

Map 5.1: Study Area - Peenya

The total Geographical area of Peenya Industrial belt is 100 sq km. From the seed point,

east and west part of the study area extends upto 5 km. in the north 7 km and in the south 3 km

and the area demarcated using the 5 km radius from the centre part of the study area. The major

areas covered by the seed point of the Peenya are as follows, In the Central Business District

Rajajinagar, Rajajinagar Industrial Suburb, IISc, Mills, Goraguntepallya, Laggere,

Yeshwanthapura Industrial Suburb, Divanarapallya, M S Ramaiah Nagar, Matthekere,

Lottegollahalli, Gokula Extension, Peenya, Dasarahalli, Chookasandra, Jalahalli,

Govindayyanapalya, Dodda Bommasandra, Kammegondanahalli, Mallsandra, Tindlu and GKVK

are the major areas in CBD.

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Map 5.2: Seed Point of Peenya Industrial Area

Map 5.3: Seed Point of Peenya Industrial Area with BBMP Boundary

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The fringe and Peri-urban areas are Dodda Bettahalli, Chikka Bettahalli, Abbigere,

Chikkabanavara, Kempapura, Haldevanhalli, Siderhalli, Tippenhalli, Dooda Biddarakallu,

Vadrapallya, Karivabanahalli, Nalagadarenahalli and Nagasandra.

5.5 Favorable factors for selecting Peenya Industrial Area

There are many favorable factors available for selecting Peenya Industrial Area. Further

these factors are used to create the Cellular Automata Model for the Peenya Industrial Area. It is

difficult to take all the available favorable factors in to consideration, because of unavailability of

the data and time scale. The important selected favorable factors are

1. Road Network (Major Main Roads)

2. The Major Industries

3. Major Bus Stops and Depot’s

4. Transportation and Communication

5. Banking and Finance

6. Low Class Residential Area

Road network is one of the important favorable factors selected to create Cellular

Automata Model for Peenya Industrial Area. The study area has 268 K M of Road network that

includes 17 K M of National Highway, 14 K M of Ring Roads and remaining are the major roads

connected to the major areas and create the road network for the Peenya Industrial Area.

Peenya Industrial Area includes the major Industrial Hubs like Peenya, Yeshwanthapura,

Rajajinagar, Jalahalli East, Jalahalli Village, Jalahalli West, Hengnahalli, Dasarahalli, Laggere and

Goraguntepallya. Below table shows some of the important industries and some details about the

industries.

Table: 5.1 List of Industries in Peenya Industrial Area

Sl No Name of Industries Type of Industries Area No of

Employee

1 Brindavan Alloys Limited Small Scale Industries Peenya 26

2 Dolar Engineering Industries Private Limited

Small Scale Industries Peenya 28

3 Karnataka Iron and Metal Industries Private Limited

Small Scale Industries Peenya 30

4 Pooja Polymer Industries Small Scale Industries Peenya 15

5 Swastik Metal Industries Small Scale Industries Peenya 25

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6 Balambika Industries Medium Scale Industries

Jalahalli 60

7 Varun Industries Medium Scale Industries

Jalahalli 45

8 Gokul Das Garments Large Scale Industries Yeshwanthapura 450

9 Gokul Das Exports Large Scale Industries Yeshwanthapura 600

10 Keerthi Industries Small Scale Industries Jalahalli 18

11 Vogue Industries Small Scale Industries Jalahalli 22

12 Dhanalakshmi Industries Small Scale Industries Jalahalli 15

13 Pavithra Engineering Works Medium Scale Industries

Jalahalli East 85

14 Paramount Connector System Pvt Ltd

Medium Scale Industries

Rajajinagar 70

15 Appro Lubes Pvt Ltd Large Scale Industries Peenya 152

16 Jupiter Enterprises Medium Scale Industries

Rajajinagar 60

17 Indo Lubes and Solvents Medium Scale Industries

Peenya 45

18 Gokul Das Industries Medium Scale Industries

Peenya 85

19 Indus Uth Engineering Pvt Ltd Small Scale Industries Peenya 15

20 Karnataka Chemical Industries Pvt Ltd

Large Scale Industries Rajajinagar 258

21 Gokuldas Images Pvt Ltd Medium Scale Industries

Yeshwanthapura 90

22 Harsha Packing Pvt Ltd Small Scale Industries Jalahalli 16

23 Peenya Industrial Gases Pvt Ltd Large Scale Industries Peenya 360

24 Video Technica Pvt Ltd Small Scale Industries Peenya 27

25 Wonder Craft Apparels Pvt Ltd Small Scale Industries Yeshwanthapura 25

The study area has 53 Bus stops, but for the research purpose 19 have been taken and

these are considered as important because of the availability of the buses and fulfillment of the

passenger requirements. The major bus stops are Yeshwanthapura (TTMC), Jalahalli, Peenya,

Goraguntepallya, HMT layout, Vidyaranyapura, Dasarahalli, IISc, Chikka Banavara, Abbigere

and Mattikere. The major Depot’s are Yeshwanthapura, Peenya, Jalahalli and Vidyaranyapura.

Peenya Industrial area requires good transportation and communication network, it has

been registered good transportation service providers for the raw and manufacturing goods,

transportation, and they have Lorry Owner Associations and Other transportation vehicle

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associations. Yeshwanthapura, Nandini Layout, Peenya, T Dasarahalli and Jalahalli are the

important areas which provide the good transportation facilities.

Industrial Area requires good finance and banking facilities. Maps represent the points

those are representing the availability of National Banks and private finance. Points plotted only

in those areas are having more than a 5 banks. Nine points have been taken for creating C A

Model.

Peenya Industrial has many low class Residential areas; those are Bagalkunte, Laggere,

Heganahalli, Mallasandra, Chikka Banavara, Shingapura, Chikka Bettahalli, Thindlu, Jalahalli

Village, Yeshwanthapura and Peenya Industrial Area. Industrial workers salary and wages are

very low compared to the IT Industries, so they are depending on the Low Class Residential

areas.

5.6 Non-favorable factors for selecting Peenya Industrial Area

Peenya Industrial Area has many Non-favorable factors but for the study purpose and

for creating the Cellular Automata Model two factors has been taken into consideration, those

are:

1. Traffic Jam Spots

2. Under developed Lakes

The study area is having NH, Ring Road and other major roads, so obviously traffic is

very high, especially places like Goraguntepallya, Nandini Layout, Yeshwanthapura, Peenya

Signal, T Dasarahalli, Metro to Rajkumar Road, Indian Institute of Science and Surrounding

areas. Some of these places have flyovers but traffic is not controlled, because of the worst

conditions of the roads and large number of vehicles. Nandini layout, IISc and T Dasarahalli area

roads are upgrading shortly and many under passes and flyover projects have been taken places.

In Peenya Industrial Area many lakes are not yet taken for the Developmental purpose,

so this is one of the Non-favorable factors. Some of the lakes included are Chikka Banavara lake,

Abbigere lake, Kempapura lake, Lottegolahalli lake, Shivapur lake. Some industries discharges

the industrial waste to these lakes, so government is not concentrating on these lakes.

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Map 5.4: Map of Favorable Factors in Peenya Industrial Area

Map 5.5: Map of Non-Favorable Factors in Peenya Industrial Area

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5.7 C A Model for Peenya

Creating a Cellular Automata Model for Peenya Industrial Area is a Challenge for the

Geographer to show the Peri-urban regions. It is one of the Industrial dominating centers, so

other functions are not having much importance. To create the Cellular Automata Model,

favorable and non-favorable factors are used as the selected criteria. The major criteria’s are as

follows: Major Roads, Major Industrial Areas, Major Bus stops, Transportation and

Communication, Banking and Finance, Low class residential areas, undeveloped lakes and

Traffic jam spots.

Map 5.6: Selected Criteria’s Map of Peenya

Cellular Automata Tool from the Arc GIS 9.3 model has been created. For all the

selected layers, apply the Euclidean Distance and find the distance from the point of origin and

spread the layers with the average distance. Using the output of the Euclidean distance result

reclassify the vector data into required data and add all the data to the weighted overlay analysis,

using the survey data collected from the field. Finally weighted overlay result added to the

neighborhood tool and find the focal statistics and consider that result as the Cellular Automata

Model result, and for the future prediction this CA Map plus with the current satellite imagery.

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Map 5.7: Euclidean Distance Map of selected criteria of Peenya Industrial Area

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Map 5.8: Reclassified Maps of selected criteria of

Peenya Industrial Area

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Map 5.9: Weighted Overlay Map of Peenya Industrial Area

Map 5.10: Cellular Automata Model of Peenya Industrial Area

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Map 5.11: LISS 4

Satellite Imagery Used to

Create Vector Layers,

and also used for the

Cellular Automata

Model

Map 5.12: Carto Sat I

Satellite Imagery Used to

Create Vector Layers,

and also used for the

Cellular Automata

Model

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On the basis of Cellular Automata Model created using certain criteria, shows the result

that the peri-urban region in Peenya Industrial Area is spread towards the North, North East and

North West corners of the study area. Some of the rural patches were also available in the North

West corner of the study area.

Peenya is one of the biggest industrial estates in Asia with an annual turnover of around

Rs. 11,000 crores. It contributes over Rs. 1000 crores in terms of Central excise, customs duty,

commercial tax and corporate tax. However, Peenya today is an industrial area with poor

infrastructure, crying for a proper underground drainage system, roads, footpaths and

streetlights. The industrialists in the area pay around Rs. 1 crores every year to the Dasarahalli

City Municipal Council. Barring a few stretches of the 268 km road network in the 100 sq. km

industrial area, the rest are in a shambles. Many roads resemble mud roads in villages and the

carriageway and footpath can hardly be distinguished from each other. Even the main roads have

deep potholes.

Heavy vehicles carrying goods and machinery find it difficult to negotiate these roads.

The estate has a 7.20-lakh-strong workforce, and those using the main thoroughfares in the area

experience a nightmare during peak hours. For the women, who constitute 50 per cent of the

workforce, using these roads at night can be a harrowing experience as the roads are not properly

lit. The appeals and protests organized by industrialists and letters to the State Government and

the municipal council have fallen on deaf ears.

5.8 Selection Criteria for Case Study Pockets – (Informational Technological

Development)

Karnataka, the undisputed leader in Information Technology and Bio Technology has

taken different policy initiatives and has sustained the leadership position. Focused Vision

Groups with Industry and Academia Leaders assist the Department in formulation and

implementation of the policies. The Department regularly conducts premier events like

Bangalore ITE.biz, Bangalore India Bio and Bangalore Nano to showcase the State's premier

position.

Bangalore is called as the Silicon Valley of India because of the large number of

information technology companies located in the city which contributed 30% of India's 179514

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crores; IT exports in 2010–11. Bangalore's IT industry is divided into three main clusters —

Software Technology Parks of India (STPI); International Tech Park, Bangalore(ITPB);

and Electronics City. UB City, the headquarters of the United Breweries Group, is a high-end

commercial zone. Infosys and Wipro, India's third and fourth largest software companies are

headquartered in Bangalore, as are many of the global SEI-CMM Level 5 Companies.

The growth of IT has presented the city with unique challenges. Ideological clashes

sometimes occur between the city's IT moguls, who demand an improvement in the city's

infrastructure, and the state government, whose electoral base is primarily the people in rural

Karnataka. The encouragement of high-tech industry in Bangalore, for example, has not favored

local employment development, but has, instead, increased land values and forced out small

enterprise. The state has also resisted the massive investments required to reverse the rapid

decline in intra-city transport which has already begun to drive new and expanding businesses to

other centers across India. Bangalore is a hub for biotechnology related industry in India and in

the year 2005, around 47% of the 265 biotechnology companies in India were located here;

including Biocon, India's largest biotechnology company

The IT Industries stretch started from Hebbala goes to the Marathahalli, ITPB,

Whitefield, Brigade Technological Park, and EPIP, runs towards Silk board, Koramangara,

Electronic City, Bommanahalli and J P Nagar. Some of the industries are located in the Central

business district, Indiranagara, and Jayanagara.

White field Informational Technological area is taken for the study purpose because this

area have around 85 percent of the industries belonging to the IT’s Industries. More than 4000

scompanies are engaging their works in this area. This area has the urban as well as semi urban

features, so this can be useful for understanding the Peri-urbanization process.

5.9 Whitefield - Geographical Setting

Whitefield is a neighborhood of Bangalore in the state of Karnataka, India. Established

in the late 1800s as a settlement for the Eurasians of Bangalore, Whitefield remained a quaint

little settlement till the late 1990s when the IT boom of Bangalore reshaped it as a major suburb

and is now a major part of Greater Bangalore. It is also renowned for Sathya Sai Baba's

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ashram called Brindavan and as a heaven for a number of multinational information technology

companies.

Until the late 1980s, Whitefield was a small village. It has since become a major hub for

the Indian technological industry. The Export Promotion Industrial Park (EPIP) at Whitefield is

one of the country's first information technology parks -International Tech Park,

Bangalore (ITPB) which houses offices for many IT and ITES companies. Whitefield is also

home for Bangalore's largest and state of art, mixed use development Prestige

Shantiniketan promoting walk to work culture with 3000 residential apartments, 3.6 Million sq.ft.

Commercial office space, 1 Million sq.ft. retail, 5 Star Hotel and service apartments. Commercial

Space at Prestige Shantiniketan is LEED Gold Certified and houses operations of multinationals

like Hindustan Unilever, Britannia, Capgemini, Canon, AIG, Caterpillar, Airwatch and others

One of the oldest establishment is Tata Elxsi which came to Whitefield around the late 80s. The

EPIP zone has offices of other IT and R&D giants like Mercedes Benz Research and

Development India Pvt. Ltd., Delphi Technical Centre India.,

TCS, QuEST, Accenture, UTL, Symbian, General Electric, Tesco HSC, SOA IT

Solutions, Wipro, GE Medical Systems, Infinite Computer Solutions, iGATE Global

Solutions, Sapient, Manhattan Associates, Ascendum Solutions, SAP Labs, Dell Services (former

Perot Systems), Dell, IBM, Intel, Mind tree Ltd, Saber Holdings, Cape Gemini, ABB,

FIS, Oracle, Oracle Financial Services Software Limited and Advanced Micro Devices. An

Intel Xeon processor code named Whitefield was being developed (but was scrapped later) in

Intel's ITPB campus.

Whitefield is now officially part of Bangalore city which is a Part of the BBMP (Bruhat

Bengaluru Mahanagara Palike). Whitefield has started seeing a boom in residential construction

since the latter half of 1990s and especially during 2002 and onwards. There are 2 major 4-lane

roads connecting Bangalore city with Whitefield namely Whitefield road via Mahadevapura and

Varthur road via Marathahalli. Both roads intersect with Karnataka State highway 35 (SH 35)

which runs in the North-South direction (Siddlaghatta in the north to Anekal in the south).

The Whitefield railway station is about 3 km north of the Whitefield Bus stop and lies on

the Bangalore - Chennai route and is double and electrified, the Krishnarajapuram-Whitefield

section is being converted to a quadruple line.] The station is slated to become a junction with a

new Whitefield - Kolar (53 km i.e. 33 miles) line being laid. The Container Corporation of India

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(CONCOR) has a large Inland container Depot located just off Whitefield road near ITPB.

Various shopping malls like Forum Value Mall, Phoenix Market City, Park square

mall and Inorbit Mall resides in Whitefield area. Whitefield also has extensive city bus

connectivity with a wide range of services offered by BMTC. A Traffic and Transit Management

Centre (TTMC) in EPIP is now functional with schedules connecting it with most areas of the

city. The much anticipated Namma Metro project is expected to cater to Whitefield under Phase

2. The Purple line will be extended from Byappanahalli to Whitefield covering 13 stations in

between.

The co-ordinates location of Whitefield is 12.968 North Latitude and 77.753 East

Longitude. The Whitefield Informational Technological Area is having the population of 1,

82,379 Persons, average density of the Peenya Industrial area is 985 person per sq km. From the

Bangalore city to Whitefield having the Distance of 23 km. Whitefield have 3 major information

technological parks those are Brigade Tech Park, ITPB and EPIP others are small campus and

companies.

5.10 Location of the seed of Whitefield Information Technological Area

Whitefield Informational Technological Area is covered by many IT Parks, residential

apartments, industrial areas and villages. The seed point of Whitefield Informational

Technological Area has been selected center part of the Whitefield. The actual location of

Whitefield is 12.968 North Latitude and 77.753 East Longitude 865 mts altitude.

The total Geographical area of Whitefield Informational Technological centre is 100 sq

km. from the seed point to all the corners the study area extend upto 5 km, having the distance

of 5 km radius. The major areas area covered by the Whitefield are Basavanapura, Devasandra,

Kodagihalli, Domasandra, Balattur, Sigehalli, Kadagodi, Kopalur, Konena Agraharam,

Sadaramangala, Hodi, Sonenahalli, Pattadur Agrahara, Goplan Colony, Sonenahalli,

Thrimalasheetihalli, Channasandra, Samathenahalli, Ramgondanaagrahara, Nagondanahalli,

Nalhuhalli, Kundalahalli, Tubarahalli, Siddapura, Kodi, Hagadur, Immadihalli, Harohalli,

Valepura, Ramgondanahalli, Munekollal, Sorhunse, Kotor, Mathuranagar, Mutsandra, Nekundi

Domasandra, Varthur Baligere Bellandur and others.

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Map 5.13: Study Area – Whitefield

Map 5.14: Seed Point of Whitefield Informational Technological Area with BBMP Boundary

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5.11 Favorable factors for selecting Whitefield Area

Whitefield is one of the IT’s hub in the Country, First Informational Technological Park

established in this area only. To select Whitefield Informational Technological Area many

favorable factors are supporting. Further these factors are used to create the Cellular Automata

Model for the Whitefield Informational Technological Area. For the study purpose major

favorable factors can be considered, those major factors are:

1. Road Network (Major Main Roads)

2. The Major IT Campus

3. Major Bus Stops and Depot’s

4. Recreation Centers

5. Apartments

Road network in Whitefield is one of the important favorable factor because it is

connecting all the IT’s Campus, industries and surrounding areas. There are more than 21

villages located in the east, north and south corners of the study area. 28 major areas and 7

BBMP wards are connected with these road networks. But these road networks are not sufficient

for the study area, because of low quality, bottle neck, traffic jams, no flyovers and underpasses.

Whitefield is well connected with K R Puram, Varthur, Hoskote, Hosur, Anekal, Marthahalli and

other surrounding areas. Outer ring road project is existing near Whitefield. There is 243 km of

road network spread across the Whitefield study area.

Whitefield Informational Technological Area includes many IT’s Industries, but all these

IT’s industries are mainly located in 5 major campuses, those are:

1. ITPB (International Technological Park Bangalore)

2. Brigade Tech Park

3. EPIP (The Export Promotion Industrial Park Zone)

4. RMZ Next

5. Brooke Field

ITPL is now called as ITPB; it is one of the biggest technological parks in the country. It

has more than 700 companies; all companies are working as outsourcing companies. Software

companies, BPO’s (Voice and Non-voice), LPO’s are the major class of companies. ITPB was

created as a result of a venture between India and Singapore in January 1994. It is a large facility,

comprising of 8 buildings Discoverer, Innovator, Creator, Explorer, Inventor, Navigator and

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Voyager plus a building belongs to TCS. The ninth building which is under construction is

called “Aviator”.

The Export Promotion Industrial Park Zone(EPIP) in Whitefield provides campus

facilities for SAP, iGATE, Dell, TCS, Unisys, Delphi, Huawei, Oracle, Perot Systems. Captive

centers of Tesco, Shell, Aviva, GM, Schneider Electric, GE, Goodrich / UTC aerospace

and DaimlerChrysler, Symphony Tele ca Corp and Tangoe are also located in Whitefield.

Flowserve, a 100% subsidiary of Flowserve Corp (NYSE:FLS) also has a Manufacturing Plant

and R&D center located in EPIP Area.

Brigade Tech Park is having 58 companies, RMZ Next is having 50 plus companies and

Brooke Field is having more than 100 companies.

Whitefield Informational Technological Park has 47 Bus stops, for the study purpose 21

bus stops have been taken. There are 2 depots’ in the study area: one in Kadagodi, another in

Balladur. The important bus stops are Mahadevapura, Sonenahalli, ITPB Bigbazzar, Hope Farm,

Hodi, Basavanapura, Sadaramangala, Kadagodi, Hagadur, Varthur, Mathuranagar, Siddapura,

Kundalahalli, Sai Baba Hospital, Nallurahalli and Pattandur Agrahara. 75 percent of the

companies arrange transport facility for their employees through BMTC buses and Cabs.

Recreation is very important for all mankind; IT professionals are very much stressed

mentally than any other professionals. There are 3 major cinema screens in the study area, they

are: Inox Screen, Cinemax Mall and PVR Screen. There are many super markets available and

they provide club facility and many types of recreations. Phoenix Super Market, Forum Value

Mall, Total Mall, Invorit Mall, Bangalore Central and Asends are the major malls. One Lion Club

and Centaury Club is concerting on the study area.

Apartments are one of the favorable factors in the Whitefield Informational

Technological Area. The major apartments are Mahaveer Fair Oaks, Sai SDK Nakshatra

apartments, Dreamz GK Apartments, Sri Krishna Sai Enclave Apartments.

5.12 Non-favorable factors for selecting Whitefield Area

Whitefield Informational Technological Area has many Non-favorable factors but for the

study purpose and for creating the Cellular Automata Model two factors has been taken into

consideration, those are:

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Map 5.15: Map of Favorable Factors in Whitefield Information Technological Area

Map 5.16: Map of Non-Favorable Factors in Whitefield Information Technological Area

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1. Undeveloped Lakes

2. Slums

The selected two non-favorable factors, Undeveloped Lakes and Slums play a major role

in the study area. There are 4 declared slums that have been identified; those are located in the

areas of Sadaramangala, Pattandur Agrahara, Channapanahalli and Mathuranagar. These are the

black mark to the study area. Almost all the lake areas are undeveloped in the study area, some

are converted into garbage lakes, some are mud quarry, and some are dumping yards.

5.13 C A Model for Whitefield

Creating a Cellular Automata Model for Whitefield Informational Technological Area is

to examine the growth of the peri-urban region. To create a cellular automata model for the

study area, some selected criteria have been chosen, those are: Major Roads, IT Campus, Major

Bus Stops, Recreation Centers, Apartments and Slums.

Map 5.17: Selected Criteria’s Map of Peenya

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Map 5.18: Euclidean Distance Map of Whitefield

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Map 5.19: Reclassified Map of Whitefield

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Map 5.20: Weighted Overlay Map of Whitefield Area

Map 5.21: Cellular Automata Model of Whitefield Area

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On the basis of the Cellular Automata Model created by using the Selected Criteria’s any

one can easily demarcate the Peri-urban and Rural areas. The major peri-urban areas are

Samathenahalli, Valepura, Mathuranagar, Nekundi Domasandra, Kotur, Kopalur,

Tirumalasheetyhalli, Sigehalli; rest of the areas comes under the urban area and existing urban

area.

A software hive is pollinating our culture. By doing so, Whitefield is redrawing urban

lifestyles and is creating New Bangalore. The suburb, till now described in terms of software

parks, malls and five-star hotels, is attracting some of the best talent in music, theatre, dance and

other performing arts, from Bangalore and across the country. The village-turned-suburb-turned-

city, virtually fabricated by the IT revolution in the late 1990s, is setting the cultural tone for the

rest of the city. While the biggest boost to art has come from IT families, Whitefield started off

with a big advantage — it had no baggage. It created itself from scratch, mirroring the

aspirations, spending power and lifestyles of its new inhabitants, most of whom were expats. A

new city grew from an old British outpost.

Whitefield, the interface between an idyllic Bangalore and a futuristic IT corridor, is the

most polluted area in the city. Air pollution levels in Whitefield are higher than elsewhere in the

city. Reason? The rapid pace at which Whitefield developed, say Karnataka State Pollution

Control Board (KSPCB) officials.

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