13402_lecture 2
TRANSCRIPT
MICROPROCESSOR AND ITS
APPLICATIONBharat Sankhlecha
Sr. Lecturer
Block 33 Room No. 203 Ch No. 18
M: 9501424515
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BLOCK DIAGRAM OF A COMPUTER WITH
MICROPROCESSOR AS CPU
Micro-
processor
as CPU
Input Output
Memory
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MICROPROCESSOR SYSTEM WITH BUS
ARCHITECTURE
Control
ALU
System Bus
I/O
Input/Output
Memory
ROM RAM
Register
Array
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ORGANIZATION OF A MICROPROCESSOR
BASED SYSTEM
Microprocessor
Arithmetic Logic Unit
Register Array
Control Unit
Memory
I/O (Input/Output)
System Bus
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8085 MICROPROCESSOR
8085 ARCHITECTURE AND ITS
OPERATIONS
The microprocessor is a programmable digital
device, design with registers, Flip flops and
timing elements.
The microprocessor has set of instructions,
designed internally, to manipulate data and
communicate with peripherals.
This process of data manipulation and
communication is determined by the logic design
of the microprocessor, called the architecture.
All the various functions performed by the
microprocessor can be classified in three general
categories:
Microprocessor-initiated operations
Internal operations
Peripheral (or externally initiated) operations
Register Structure
ALU
Bus Organization
Timing and Control
8085 BUS STRUCTURE
MICROPROCESSOR INITIATED OPERATIONS
AND 8085 BUS ORGANIZATION
The MPU performs primarily four operations:
1. Memory Read: Read data (or instructions) from memory
2. Memory Write : Write data (or instructions) into memory
3. I/O Read: Accepts data from input devices
4. I/O Write: Sends data to output devices
All the operations are part of the communication process between the MPU and peripheral (including memory). To communicate with a peripheral (or a memory location), the MPU needs to perform the following steps:
Step1: Identify the peripheral or the memory location (with its address)
Step2: Transfer binary information (Data or instruction)
Step3: Provide timing or synchronization signals.
EXAMPLE: MEMORY READ OPERATION
INTERNAL DATA OPERATIONS AND THE
8085 REGISTERS
The internal architecture of the 8085 microprocessor determines how and what operations can be performed with the data. These operations are:
1. Store 8-bit data.
2. Perform arithmetic and logical operations.
3. Test for conditions.
4. Sequence execution of instructions.
5. Store data temporarily during execution in the defined R/W memory location called stack.
To perform these operations, the microprocessor requires registers, an arithmetic logic unit and control logic, and internal buses (paths for information flow)
PERIPHERAL OR EXTERNALLY INITIATED
OPERATIONS
External devices can initiate the following
operations, for which individual pins on the
microprocessor chip are assigned : Reset,
Interrupt, Ready, Hold.