14.3 winning the war by 1917, europeans were cracking under the strain of war. the stalemate dragged...

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14.3 Winning the War By 1917, Europ eans were cracking under th e strain of war. The stalemate dragged on. The departure of one country and the entry of another would tip the balance and end the stalemate.

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Page 1: 14.3 Winning the War By 1917, Europeans were cracking under the strain of war. The stalemate dragged on. The departure of one country and the entry of

14.3 Winning the War

By 1917, Europeans were cracking under the strain of war. The stalemate dragged on. The departure of one

country and the entry of another would tip the balance and end the stalemate.

Page 2: 14.3 Winning the War By 1917, Europeans were cracking under the strain of war. The stalemate dragged on. The departure of one country and the entry of

Waging Total War

0Nations started to realize that they needed to put all resources possible into the war effort- Total War

0Both sides committed to recruiting, arming, and transporting armies that numbered in the millions

0Conscriptions (draft) were put into place in all countries but Britain

0Rationed food and gasoline, forbade strikes

Page 3: 14.3 Winning the War By 1917, Europeans were cracking under the strain of war. The stalemate dragged on. The departure of one country and the entry of

Britain’s Blockade

0Britain’s navy formed a blockade in the North Sea to stop transport of goods to Germany.

0Germans retaliated by using U-Boats to sink all ships carrying goods to Britain

0Sunk the Lusitania, killing 1200 British passengers and 128 Americans

Page 4: 14.3 Winning the War By 1917, Europeans were cracking under the strain of war. The stalemate dragged on. The departure of one country and the entry of

Propaganda War

0Total war meant controlling public opinion

0Aim was to keep casualty figures and discouraging information from reaching the public.

0Propaganda- spreading of ideas to promote a cause or damage an opposing cause.

Page 5: 14.3 Winning the War By 1917, Europeans were cracking under the strain of war. The stalemate dragged on. The departure of one country and the entry of

Women in the War

0Women took over jobs of men and kept the economy going

0Other women joined the armed forces

0Nurses worked at aid stations, sometimes near the front lines

0Women win the right to vote shortly after WWI in Britain, Germany, and U.S.

Page 6: 14.3 Winning the War By 1917, Europeans were cracking under the strain of war. The stalemate dragged on. The departure of one country and the entry of

Morale Collapses

0Long casualty lists, food shortages, and the failures of generals to win promised victories led to calls for peace

0France- units mutinied0 Italy- Units retreated0Russia- Soldiers left the front to join a full-scale

revolution back home

Page 7: 14.3 Winning the War By 1917, Europeans were cracking under the strain of war. The stalemate dragged on. The departure of one country and the entry of

U.S. Declares War

0U.S. declares war on Germany as Russia exits the war.

0Reasons:0 Cultural history with Britain/France (democracy)0 Germany announces it will resume unrestricted

submarine warfare.0 Zimmerman Telegram- British intercept a message from

Germany to Mexico that states Germany would help reconquer lands lost in Texas, New Mexico, and Arizona in exchange for Mexican support against the U.S.

Page 8: 14.3 Winning the War By 1917, Europeans were cracking under the strain of war. The stalemate dragged on. The departure of one country and the entry of

U.S. Declares War

0 “War to end all wars” “Make the world safe for democracy”

0 By 1918, 2 million Americans had joined the Allies on the Western Front

0 14 Points- list of terms for resolving WWI and future wars

0 14 Points favored self-determination- right of people to choose their own form of government

Page 9: 14.3 Winning the War By 1917, Europeans were cracking under the strain of war. The stalemate dragged on. The departure of one country and the entry of

Victory at Last

0 Allies are strengthened by the arrival of the U.S.

0 Generals tell the Kaiser the war would be impossible to win

0 Kaiser William II stepped down and fled into exile in Netherlands

0 New German government sought an armistice (agreement to stop fighting) and on Nov. 11, 1918, the Great War finally came to an end.

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