15 radical: manmade related-3b_tools_weapons_transportation_morphology_idioms-1

Radical:Tools, Weapons,Transportation-2

Morphology: Idioms-1

Radical

Manmade-related3. Tools, Weapons,

Transportation-2

Radical:Manmade-relatedRadicals of “Tools, Weapons, Transportation” and the ideas they mostly represent

戈戈spear

車车vehicle

舟舟boat

弓弓bow

斤斤cut

刀刂ク刀刂クknife

矢矢arrow

Radical:Manmade-relatedRadicals of “Tools, Weapons, Transportation”

刀刂ク刀刂ク削減公共開支削减公共开支xuējiǎn gōnggòng kāizhī

cut public spending

刀刂ク刀刂クknife

刑刑xíng

{law} punishment, penalty, (jail/prison)

sentence

削削xiāo xuē

peel; sharpen; cut

判判pàn

judge, decide; sentence (for punishment)

創创chuàng

start, initiate; create

創创chuāng

wound, trauma; injure

爭争zhēngstrive to

切切qiē qiè


斤斤

斤斤cut

斷断duàn

cut into sections, break; break off, cut off;

judge, decide

新新xīn

new; recently,

newly

斥斥chì

scold, reproach; repel, dismiss;

pay, spend

斤斤Jīn

jin, unit of weight

“ 別斷章取義。”“ 别断章取义。”

What does it mean?

Don’t jump to conclusions.

Don’t quote out of context.

Don’t have wishful thinking.


斤斤


戈戈

戈戈spear

戒戒jiè

guard against, avoid; warn, admonish; give up, abstain from; (finger) ring

戲戏xì

play, sport; joke, make fun of; drama, play

戰战zhàn

war, fight, battle; go to

war, fight

• How do you associate the four meanings of “戒” ?


戈戈

guard against 警戒

警戒

jǐngjièbe on alert (mostly of troops)

warn, admonish 懲戒

惩戒

chéngjièpunish in order to teach a lesson

abstain from 戒毒

戒毒

jièdúquit drug abuse

(finger) ring 戒指

戒指

jièzhifinger ring


弓弓

弓弓bow

強强qiángstrong, powerful; forcibly; strengthen

弱弱ruòweak, feeble; inferior

引引yǐnpull, draw, stretch; guide, lead

彈弹dànbomb; bullet, missile

彈弹tánsend into motion by rebound; pluck (stringed instrument); play (piano); be elastic; be flexible; impeach

為突破外交困境，馬英九總統2008 年上任後，提出了「活路外交」政策，所謂「活路外交」，其實就是「 X 性外交」。为突破外交困境，马英九总统2008 年上任后，提出了“活路外交”政策，所谓“活路外交”，其实就是“ X 性外交”。

X=強强X=弱弱X=彈弹


弓弓


矢矢

矢矢arrow

知知zhī know, understand, realize; inform, cause to know; knowledge

矮矮ǎishort (in stature), low (in height)

短短duǎnshort, brief; lack; shortcoming

矢矢shǐarrow; vow, swear, take an oath

長短：长短：

高矮：高矮：

深淺：深浅：


矢矢

長度长度

高度高度

深度深度

距離距离jùlí

shēnqiǎn

高低：高低：


車车車车vehicle

輪轮lúnwheel; in order, by turns; {M} (for a round, a cycle of sth); steamboat

輸输shūtransport; contribute, donate; lose (in contrast to "win"

載载zàicarry (passengers, cargo), load

• What do these characters have in common?


車车

栽栽

zāiplant, grow; trip, fall

裁裁

cáicut into parts [like paper, cloth]; reduce, cut back; dismiss, lay off; judge

載载

zàicarry (passengers, cargo), load

戴戴

dàiwear, don, put on [like a hat, eyeglasses]; support


舟舟航空母艦航空母舰hángkōng mǔjiàn

aircraft carrier

舟舟boat

船船chuánship, boat

航航hángboat, ship; navigate (ship or aircraft)

艦舰jiànwarship; naval vessel

Morphology

Idioms-1

成語成语

Morphology: IDIOMS

四字格四字格Sìzìgé

Four-Character Idioms

Morphology: IDIOMS

•What does it mean?•How do you memorize it?

•How do you use it? (form, context)

Morphology: IDIOMS

ABCD

•What does it mean?•How do you memorize it?

•How do you use it? (form, context)

Morphology: IDIOMS

人山人海人山人海

Morphology: IDIOMS

Word Formation

Syntactic Role

Appropriateness

Morphology: IDIOMS

國慶黃金週第二天，故宮人山人海。国庆黄金周第二天，故宫人山人海。

Word Formation

Syntactic Role

Appropriateness

Subj. + Pred. ≈

S.

P.

people + mountain + people + sea

AB CD

那裡人山人海，有很多人抗議，你別去。那里人山人海，有很多人抗议，你别去。

CONTEXT:

Gathering for fun

(structure, meaning)

Subj. + Pred.

80-20

80-20

人山人海人山人海huge crowd of people

rénshān rénhǎi

Morphology: IDIOMS

故宮人山人海故宫人山人海

Word Formation

Syntactic Role

Appropriateness

Structure: Subj. + Pred.

S.

P.CONTEXT:

gathering for fun

Mostly used as a“Subject-PREDICATE”or “Topic-COMMENT”

AB≈CD

Meaning: people + many

旅遊、購物旅游、购物

CONNOTATION:positive

抗議抗议

x2

x2

人山人海人山人海huge crowd of people

rénshān rénhǎi

Morphology: IDIOMS

Word Formation

Syntactic Role

Appropriateness

•Internal structure : coordinate, V-O…

•Meaning: word formation vs. definition•Parts of speech: Verb, Predicate,…

•Collocation: 真是 , 對 /对 , Subject,…•Context: formal vs. informal,…

•Connotation: positive vs. negative,…

人山人海人山人海rénshān rénhǎi huge crowd of people

Morphology: IDIOMS

Word Formation

Syntactic Role

Appropriateness

≈

advantage + disadvantage + gain + loss

AB CD(structure, meaning)

N. + N.

Coordinate

如要實行這項計劃，要先考慮利弊得失。如要实行这项计划，要先考虑利弊得失。

V.

O.

•Internal structure

•Meaning

•Parts of speech

•Collocation

•Context•Connotation

N. + N.

AB≈CD

Mostly used as a “V-O” (Noun)CONTEXT:formal; action

CONNOTATION:neutral

iPhone5 的利弊得失iPhone5 的利弊得失iPhone5的優缺點iPhone5的优缺点

利弊得失利弊得失pros and cons

lì-bì-dé-shī

Morphology: IDIOMS

Word Formation

Syntactic Role

Appropriateness

Coordinate


•Meaning

•Parts of speech

•Collocation


馬馬虎虎马马虎虎casual, careless, slapdash; not bad, so-so

mǎma hūhū

Morphology: IDIOMS

Word Formation

Syntactic Role

Appropriateness

N.

present + task + 的 + urgent

ABC

D

Modified

對台灣政府來說，當務之急是改善經濟。对台湾政府来说，当务之急是改善经济。

V.

S.


•Meaning

•Parts of speech

•Collocation


Mostly used as a “S-V” “V-N” (Noun)CONTEXT:formal; problem-solutionCONNOTATION:positive

Adj. + N. ABCD

當務之急当务之急urgent matter, pressing task

dāngwù zhī jí

Morphology: IDIOMS

Word Formation

Syntactic Role

Appropriateness

Modified


•Meaning

•Parts of speech

•Collocation


不可或缺不可或缺indispensable, absolutely necessary

bùkě huòquē

Morphology: IDIOMS

Word Formation

Syntactic Role

Appropriateness

安於現狀安于现状be content with the status quo

Adj.+N.

be content + with + present + situation

AB CD

V-O

一些領導幹部安於現狀，缺乏創新精神。一些领导干部安于现状，缺乏创新精神。

V.

S.


•Meaning

•Parts of speech

•Collocation


Mostly used as a “S-V”

ABCD

ānyú xiànzhuàng

V.+prep.

CONTEXT:formal; attitudeCONNOTATION:negative

你應該安於現狀你应该安于现状你不應該安於現狀你不应该安于现状

Morphology: IDIOMS

Word Formation

Syntactic Role

Appropriateness

不可諱言不可讳言undeniable; undeniably

V-O


•Meaning

•Parts of speech

•Collocation


bùkě huìyán

15 radical: manmade related-3b_tools_weapons_transportation_morphology_idioms-1

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