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The Counterterrorism Digest is a compilation of UNCLASSIFIED open source publicly available press material, to include relevant commentary on issues related to terrorism and counterterrorism over the past seven days. It is produced every Wednesday, excluding holidays. Counterterrorism Digest is produced by the National Counterterrorism Center in conjunction with its international partners in Australia, Canada, New Zealand, and the United Kingdom, and contains situational awareness items detailing on-going terrorism-related developments which may be of interest to security personnel. Comments and requests for information pertaining to articles featured in Counterterrorism Digest may be directed to nctcpao@nctc.gov.

Information contained in the Counterterrorism Digest is subject to change as a situation further develops. The inclusion of a report in Counterterrorism Digest is not confirmation of its credibility nor does it imply the official view or endorsement of NCTC or any allied government agency.

This product may contain information on US, Australian, British, Canadian, or New Zealand Persons, dissemination of which may be necessary for the intended recipient to understand or assess the information provided. This information has been highlighted in the document with the label USPER or similar references . Reference to a US, Australian, British, Canadian, or New Zealand Person in this document is not an indication of such individual’s guilt or innocence and should not be relied upon for any operational or enforcement action.

The material contained in this weekly publication may be subject to copyright. Further reproduction or dissemination by any means of this product or the information contained herein is prohibited.

COUNTERTERRORISMDIGEST

US NATIONAL COUNTERTERRORISM CENTER

3 | SPOTLIGHTMessage from the Director

Prevention and Resilience in the Terror Fight

European Violent Extremists and the New Crime-Terror Nexus

7 | ON POINT1 VIRGINIA: Man Attempted to Inspire Attacks

2 MARLYLAND: Man Allegedly Attempted to Support ISIL

3 TEXAS: Man Convicted of Attempting to Support ISIL

4 ARIZONA: Woman Accused of Conspiracy to Commit Terrorism

5 WISCONSIN: Men Charged With Trying to Join ISIL

6 OHIO: Man Indicted for Making Violent Threats

7 NEW YORK: Suspected Bomber Pleads Not Guilty From Hospital

8 WORLDWIDE: Pro-ISIL Cyber Media Publishes Technical Manual

9 CANADA: Father of Man on Peace Bond Given Conditional Discharge

10 AUSTRALIA: Police Arrest ISIL-Inspired Teens Planning Attack

11 SPAIN: ISIL-Affiliated Recruiters Arrested

12 TURKEY: ISIL Regional Leader Killed

13 NIGER: American Aid Worker Abducted

14 NIGERIA: Boko Haram Released 21 Chibok Girls

15 ALGERIA: Security Forces Kill Algerian ISIL Amir

16 KENYA: Tanzanian Unfit to Stand Trial Over Garissa Attack

11 | TRENDS, TACTICS, & PROCEDURES France Creates National Guard to Improve Security

Women Encouraged to Play a Critical Role in Combating

Terrorism

Austrian Police Exercise Prepares Response to Terror Attack

Cash Offered to Lure Militants Away From Terrorism

ISIL Tells European Recruits to Attack Home Countries

ISIL Drone Kills Kurdish Forces

13-19 OCTOBER 2016

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VIRGINIA: On 17 October, a man pleaded guilty to attempting to assist ISIL in encouraging lone wolf attacks in Washington, DC. [pg. 6]

WISCONSIN: On 14 October, two men were arrested on charges of providing material support to ISIL. They were traveling to Mexico planning to join ISIL.[pg. 6]

WORLDWIDE: West Point’s Combating Terrorism Center released a report analyzing ISIL media activities providing a baseline understanding and revealing its strengths, weaknesses and struggles. [pg. 14]

WORLDWIDE: A pro-ISIL Telegram channel published a technical manual about an operating system focused on security and privacy. [pg. 7]

AUSTRALIA: Two ISIL-inspired teenagers were arrested in Sydney after purchasing bayonets and planning an imminent terrorist attack on behalf of ISIL. [pg. 8]

TURKEY: On 16 October, ISIL regional leader Mehmet Kadir Cabel was killed during a police raid on his house in Gaziantep. [pg. 8]

SYRIA: On 16 October, an airstrike killed ISIL military commander Abu Muhajir al-Magribi, in Deir ez-Zor, Syria. [pg. <?>]

NIGER: On 14 October, a US aid worker was abducted by gunmen in Niger. This is the first reported incident of an American citizen being kidnapped in the Sahel region. [pg. 9]

NIGERIA: Boko Haram released 21 of the 200 Chibok schoolgirls abducted in April 2014 to the Nigerian government. [pg. 9]

ALGERIA: On 13 October, eastern Algeria ISIL amir Habbache Sadak, a.k.a. Abu Dujana, was killed in an ambush by Algerian forces in Skikda. [pg. 9]

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SPOTLIGHT SUMMARY

PREVENTION AND RESILIENCE IN THE TERROR FIGHT

NCTC Director Nicholas Rasmussen’s article in Time magazine notes our resilience in the fight against terrorism, highlighting that although a greater number of potential terrorists aspire to do us harm, our continued efforts to synchronize and collaborate information, using a whole-of-government approach, provides us the decisive advantage over our terrorist adversaries. (TIME)

EUROPEAN VIOLENT EXTREMISTS AND THE NEW CRIME-TERROR NEXUS

More than half of Europe’s foreign fighters have a criminal record, according to a UK report. Researchers point to increased radicalization in Europe’s prisons as an issue with serious consequences. The presence of former criminals in terrorist groups has become more pronounced, more visible and more relevant to the ways terrorists operate. (ICSR, GWU)

HIGHLIGHTS

EXECUTIVES’ VIEW

13-19 OCTOBER 2016

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SPOTLIGHTSPOTLIGHT This section provides a comprehensive look at a terrorist group(s) or leader(s), and/or CT tools and literature.

Caption

Message from the Director

Colleagues,

This month marks the first anniversary of NCTC’s CT Digest. The CT Digest was developed over a year ago to provide our international and domestic counterterrorism, public safety, and critical infrastructure partners and with a single repository for counterterrorism-related articles, reports, and analytic assessments. It is fair to say we face more threats, originating in more places, and involving more individuals than we have at any time in the last 15 years. This is why a platform like CT Digest is critical to ensuring counterterrorism partners, at all levels, are engaged in information sharing and collaboration.

NCTC recognizes the challenges our public and private sector security and critical infrastructure partners face as they serve on the front lines each day. Through CT Digest, we strive to proactively share information on terrorism events, trends, and techniques and tactics being implemented around the world.

Looking forward, the emerging trend of terrorist attacks in the West will likely continue into next year, and we expect to see persistent calls by the Islamic State in Iraq and the Levant (ISIL) and al-Qa‘ida for attacks in the West. We also expect to see more plots where terrorist groups such as ISIL provide inspiration, general operational suggestions, or guidance for plots but do not control the details or have oversight of the attack.

Confronting terrorist threats and working to prevent terrorist attacks remain the counterterrorism community’s priorities. I want to assure you our attention is concentrated on detecting, helping to disrupt, and defeating threats in concert with our partners.

The response to CT Digest has been overwhelming, and we cannot thank you enough for your feedback, support, and contributions. Your partnership is crucial to our counterterrorism efforts and overall National security.

-Nick Rasmussen

Nicholas “Nick” Rasmussen was sworn in as the Director of the National Counterterrorism Center (NCTC) on December 18, 2014. He previously served as NCTC’s Deputy Director since June of 2012.

Prior to returning to NCTC, he had served since October 2007 with the National Security Council staff as Special Assistant to the President and Senior Director for Counterterrorism.

Mr. Rasmussen previously served at NCTC from 2004-2007 in senior policy and planning positions responsible for producing net assessments of U.S. counterterrorism policy and strategy for the National Security Council (NSC) and the President. From 2001 to 2004 he served on the NSC staff as Director for Regional Affairs in the Office of Combating Terrorism.

He joined the Department of State in 1991 and worked for the Bureau of Political-Military Affairs, Special Assistant to the State Department’s Special Middle East Coordinator, worked as a foreign affairs analyst and served as a Special Assistant to Ambassador-at-Large Gallucci providing analysis of the negotiation and implementation of the U.S.-North Korea Agreed Framework.

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SPOTLIGHTPrevention and Resilience in the Terror Fight

On 13 October, Time Magazine published the following article by NCTC Director Nicholas Rasmussen.

In testimony on September 27 before the Senate Homeland Security and Government Affairs Committee, I shared my assessment that the array of terrorist actors around the globe is broader, wider and deeper than it has been at any time since September 11, 2001. Simply put, a greater number of potential terrorist actors aspire to do us harm than ever before. This is certainly a sobering state of affairs.

Even so, I have great confidence in the U.S. counterterrorism architecture we have built in the fifteen years since the September 11 attacks. The vast efforts we have taken to organize ourselves effectively, and to share information with stakeholders at all levels of intelligence and law enforcement, have resulted in a homeland security apparatus that can capably respond to terrorist threats for years to come.

In the current environment, terrorist threats to the homeland typically take one of two forms. On one end of the spectrum, we face complex plots driven by known terrorist groups—including ISIL—that can take months or years to materialize. In my view, we are well postured to defend against these kinds of attacks given the capability, skill and dedication of our nation’s counterterrorism professionals.

On the other end of the spectrum, we face a growing number of potential attacks by what we call homegrown violent extremists. These individuals are frequently lone actors with no direct or significant connection to ISIL or any other terrorist group. Inspired by ISIL or some other group and an array of other motivating factors that are often deeply personal, they are harder to detect and more challenging to disrupt. ISIL leaders believe they can advance their cause by motivating these individuals to carry out attacks around the globe even if such attacks do not generate as much death and destruction as we suffered on 9/11.

Whatever terrorism-related challenge we face—whether from ISIL, al-Qa‘ida or its affiliates—our strongest defense is a whole-of-government approach where federal, state and local intelligence and law enforcement agencies work together to protect the homeland. That collaboration, which includes extensive sharing of intelligence from the federal government with state and local authorities, who are the first line of defense against attacks here in the U.S., is expanding and improving every day.

We have also made tremendous strides since 9/11 in identifying potential terrorists and preventing them from entering the U.S. through effective use of terrorism watchlists. Given the skill and agility that terrorists have shown in adapting to security efforts around the globe, we are ultimately looking to move beyond a primarily name-based watchlisting system to one that is increasingly biometrically-based, effectively using such things as facial recognition, fingerprints, iris scans and DNA. This system will offer us the best possible chance to keep terrorists away from our borders.

Ultimately, our greatest hope for enduring security against terrorism and defeating groups like ISIL rests in our ability to counter their appeal and dissuade individuals from joining them in the first place. Working with the Department of Homeland Security and other organizations, NCTC continues to refine and expand the preventive side of counterterrorism. We have seen a steady expansion of more active and engaged community awareness efforts across the U.S., with the goal of giving communities the information and tools they need to see violent extremism in their midst and do something about it before it manifests itself.

Every community is unique, and we seek to equip communities with a range of options that they are able to tailor to meet their specific challenges. The more informed and resilient the community, the less likely its members are to join a terrorist group or carry out an attack.

Fifteen years after 9/11, the array of terrorism-related challenges we face as a nation is formidable. I see that in the intelligence reports I receive every single day. At the same time, our homeland security and counterterrorism professionals bring enormous dedication, skill and courage to our efforts to keep Americans safe from terrorist attacks. It is those factors, when combined with the strength and resilience I see in communities across the U.S., which give us the decisive advantage over our terrorist adversaries. (TIME)

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SPOTLIGHTEuropean Violent Extremists and the New Crime-Terror Nexus

On 11 October, the International Center for the Study of Radicalization and Political Violence (ICSR) at King’s College in London released a study on European violent extremists and the increasing convergence between criminal and violent extremist elements, which challenges long-held assumptions about radicalization, recruitment, and how to counter terrorism. A multi-lingual team of ICSR researchers compiled a database of 79 profiles on recent European violent extremists with criminal pasts. Deemed the new crime-terror nexus, criminal and terrorist groups increasingly recruit from the same pool of people, which has affected how individuals radicalize and operate.

The study complements a recent report from George Washington University’s Program on Extremism titled “Countering Violent Extremism: Lessons on Early Intervention from the United Kingdom’s Channel Program,” which notes three trends. First, research indicated countries investing in early intervention to prevent terrorism can learn from observing the UK’s well-established de-radicalization program and the approaches being developed at the local level to challenge extremism. Second, interviews with law enforcement and local government officials in UK cities revealed the importance of identifying appropriate intervention providers, educating local service professionals outside of law enforcement, recording personal data sensitively, and maintaining clear language around intervention which increases transparency. Finally, efforts to avoid alienating community members, which include a broader range of service providers outside of law enforcement, help to remove the stigma associated with de-radicalization programs and increase community willingness to engage with early intervention locally.

Radicalization and Recruitment

The profiles and pathways detailed in the ISCR’s research suggest the violent extremist narrative as articulated by ISIL is well-aligned with the personal needs and desires of many criminals. The ICSR found evidence for what was termed the “redemption narrative”: violent extremism offers redemption for crime, which satisfies the same desires which led the criminal to partake in crime in the first place; thus, researchers determined the “jump” from criminality to terrorism was smaller than previously perceived. However, it remains unclear whether terrorist groups are reaching out to criminals as a deliberate strategy.

Prisons

The study indicated prisons will likely play a growing role in the radicalization of terrorists. The study noted 57% of individuals profiled were incarcerated prior to their radicalization, with sentences ranging from one month to over ten years. More significantly, at least 27% of those who spent time in prison began the path toward radicalization. Research indicates these prisons serve as places of vulnerability in which violent extremists find dispossessed young men susceptible to radicalization, a networking system which brings criminals and terrorists together, creating opportunities to transfer skills, and often leave inmates few opportunities to re-integrate into society.

Skills Transfers

There are many skills terrorists with criminal pasts may have developed. For example, these individuals tend to have experience in dealing with law enforcement, and thus may be familiar with the limits of police powers. They may also be more capable of handling pressure. The study noted evidence of individuals with a criminal past tend to have easier access to weapons, are adept at evading authorities and planning discreet logistics, and their familiarity with violence lowers their psychological threshold for becoming involved in terrorist acts.

Terrorist Propaganda (RAYAT AL-TAWHEED)

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SPOTLIGHTFinancing

The majority of terrorist attacks in Europe have not required large sums of money, and have not relied on funding from ISIL leadership. This has kept the financial barriers to conducting terrorism low, allowing for high participation among willing individuals. Up to 40% of terrorist plots in Europe are at least partly financed through petty crime, specifically drug-dealing, theft, robberies, the sale of counterfeit goods, loan fraud, and burglary.

Recommendations

Re-thinking Radicalization: The emergence of a new crime-terror nexus and its associated dynamics should compel researchers, analysts, and policymakers to re-think long-held ideas about how terror, crime, and radicalization are understood.

Safer Prisons: With increasing numbers of terrorism-related convictions, the significance of prisons is likely to increase. It is vital prisons avoid overcrowding, staff are well-trained, prison officers maintain direct channels of communication with security agencies, mainstream prison imams are available in every prison, and probation services are adequately resourced.

Targeting Finance: Countering terrorist finance should be broadened beyond the banking system to include small-scale and petty crime.

Data sharing: Counterterrorism, customs, intelligence services, criminal police, and outside agencies should work to break down institutional barriers, share information, conduct joint training, and participate in early warning systems.

Cooperation With Local Authorities: The relationships with civil society and local authorities who are aware of local dynamics, relationships, and communities are critical to combatting the terrorist threat. Conversely, security agencies may help to address local tensions, address grievances, and establish positive relationships with community leaders.

Public-Private Partnerships: Public-private partnerships are another potentially valuable tool. Businesses typically have a commercial interest in countering smuggling, fraud, or the trade of counterfeit goods, and may also collect information useful to law enforcement agencies. (ICSR, GWU)

NCTC Comment: Information sharing and intelligence integration between the Intelligence Community, first responders, and security stakeholders is paramount in order to identify and recognize use of new trends or tactics and develop new methods to identify potential links for further investigation. The drivers of radicalization are not universal and differ from region to region; because of this dynamic, it is vital for first responders to establish liaisons with non-traditional agencies, private sector partnerships, and close-knit community relationships to understand the potential drivers specific to their locality. (JCAT PERSPECTIVE)

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ON POINTON POINT This section consists of in-depth counterterrorism press articles including context and background information.

1 VIRGINIA: Man Attempted to Inspire Attacks

On 17 October, USPERHaris Qamar*, 26, from Burke, pleaded guilty to attempting to provide material support and resources to ISIL. “Qamar attempted to help ISIL encourage lone wolf attacks in our nation’s capital,” said a US Attorney.

■ Qamar operated several social media accounts praising ISIL for their attacks.

■ On May 26, Qamar and an FBI confidential witness discussed ISIL’s need for photos of possible targets in and around Washington, DC, for use in a video which ISIL purportedly was making to encourage lone-wolf attacks in the DC area, according to the statement of facts filed with the plea agreement.

■ In September 2015, ISIL posted a “kill list” with several military members and their addresses. According to the FBI, Qamar lived within a couple miles of two residences on the list and probably drove by the locations. (DOJ, WASHINGTON POST)

2 MARLYLAND: Man Allegedly Attempted to Support ISIL

On 17 October, a federal grand jury charged USPERNelash Mohamed Das*, 24, a citizen of Bangladesh residing in Landover Hills, with attempting to provide material support and resources to ISIL.

■ From October 2015 to September 2016, Das knowingly attempted to provide material support and resources to ISIL, and also planned to kill a military member, according to the indictment. (DOJ)

3 TEXAS: Man Convicted of Attempting to Support ISIL

On 17 October, USPEROmar Faraj Saeed Al Hardan, 24, an Iraqi refugee, pleaded guilty to one count of attempting to provide material support or resources to ISIL.

* The charges listed are currently allegations. As in any criminal case, the defendant is presumed innocent until proven guilty in a court of law.

■ In January 2016, Al Hardan, who took an oath of loyalty to ISIL and participated in weapons training, was arrested. Investigators discovered training CDs on how to build remote detonators, electronic circuitry components, tools used to build circuitry, multiple cell phones (which had not been activated), a prayer list for committing Jihad and becoming a martyr, and an ISIL flag. (DOJ)

4 ARIZONA: Woman Accused of Conspiracy to Commit Terrorism

On 12 October, USPERMichelle Bastian*, 49, was arrested on suspicion of terrorism, conspiracy to commit terrorism and conspiracy to promote prison contraband.

■ Bastian is accused of mailing bombmaking instructions and propaganda from terrorist groups to her husband in a state prison in what investigators say was a plot to kill a warden. Authorities say the articles made it past prison security because they were disguised as legal papers. (THE ASSOCIATED PRESS, CBS)

5 WISCONSIN: Men Charged With Trying to Join ISIL

On 14 October, USPERJason Michael Ludke*, 35, and USPER

Yosvany Padilla-Conde*, 30, were charged in federal court with trying to join ISIL by traveling through Mexico to Syria. Ludke was charged with attempting to support ISIL, and Padilla-Conde was charged with aiding and abetting Ludke.

The two were arrested near San Angelo, Texas. The complaint states the two were traveling from Wisconsin to Mexico where they intended to acquire travel documents necessary to travel overseas to join ISIL.

If convicted, both men face up to 20 years in prison and a fine of up to $250,000.00. (JUSTICE, VOA)

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6 OHIO: Man Indicted for Making Violent Threats

On 14 October, USPER Terrence McNeil*, 25, was indicted on nine criminal charges for using a social media site to incite violence against US military members on behalf of ISIL.

■ In December 2015, McNeil was indicted on three counts each of solicitation of a crime of violence and threatening military personnel.

■ McNeil is accused of posting a file to an online media account in September 2015 which contained the names and addresses of military personnel. McNeil is accused of urging ISIL supporters to kill military members. (ABC NEWS)

7 NEW YORK: Suspected Bomber Pleads Not Guilty From Hospital

On 13 October, USPERAhmed Khan Rahimi*, 28, suspected of conducting a series of bombings in New York and New Jersey last month, appeared in court for the first time via a video feed from a hospital, and pleaded not guilty to charges of attempted murder stemming from his shootout with police. Rahimi is recovering from gunshot wounds sustained during his arrest.

■ Rahimi faces federal terrorism charges in New York and New Jersey. He is accused of setting off an explosive in Manhattan’s Chelsea neighborhood, which injured 31, as well as setting off a pipe bomb near a charity running race in New Jersey. In addition, Rahimi is charged with planting a pressure-cooker bomb in Chelsea, which did not detonate, and leaving several devices at a train station in Elizabeth, New Jersey. (REUTERS, WASHINGTON POST)

8 WORLDWIDE: Pro-ISIL Cyber Media Publishes Technical Manual

On 17 October, a pro-ISIL Telegram channel published an in-depth technical manual about Tails OS, a product of USPERLinux focused on security and privacy, according to SITE Cyber Security.

* The charges listed are currently allegations. As in any criminal case, the defendant is presumed innocent until proven guilty in a court of law.

According to the company, Tails is a live operating system you can start on almost any computer from a DVD, USB stick, or SD card. It aims at preserving your privacy and anonymity, and helps you to:

■ use the Internet anonymously and circumvent censorship;

■ force all connections to the Internet through the Tor network;

■ leave no trace on the computer you are using unless you ask it explicitly;

■ use state-of-the-art cryptographic tools to encrypt your files, emails and instant messaging. (SITE INTEL)

9 CANADA: Father of Man on Peace Bond Given Conditional Discharge

On 12 October, Mohammad Uddin, 57, of Toronto was sentenced to a conditional discharge for improperly disposing an AR-15 “assault-type rifle” belonging to his son, the subject of a terrorism peace bond, which requires him to stay away from ISIL. During the proceedings, prosecutors disclosed the rifle was actually owned by his son, Kadir Abdul, 27,- a Canadian arrested on an ISIL-related terrorism peace bond.

■ Uddin was arrested after he admitted to breaking apart Kadir’s restricted semi-automatic rifle and dropping it down the garbage chute at the family’s apartment building.

■ Police conducted a search for the rifle after Kadir flew to Istanbul on 23 March, but could not find it. When Kadir disappeared, Uddin found the rifle and ammunition in a lockbox in a bedroom. He later admitted to police he disposed the rifle.

■ On 15 July, Kadir signed a terrorism peace bond which restricts him from possessing a passport or weapons for one year. He also cannot “associate or communicate” with ISIL or al-Nusrah Front. (NATIONAL POST)

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10 AUSTRALIA: Police Arrest ISIL-Inspired Teens Planning Attack

On 12 October, counterterrorism police arrested two ISIL-inspired teenagers, 16, over an incident in Bankstown, Sydney. The boys purchased two M9 eight-inch bayonets and were intercepted by police as they headed into a prayer hall off Adnum Lane. The teenagers were charged with preparing to commit a terrorist act and membership in a terrorist organization. The two had declared allegiance to ISIL.

■ Police noted one of the teenagers attended the 2012 Hyde Park Riots and held a sign stating, “Behead all those who insult the prophet.”

■ The second teenager recently traveled to Syria and Iraq and was stopped by authorities while attempting to join a terrorist organization. Upon his return, police found ISIL propaganda in his possession. (ABC, CNN, SMH)

11 SPAIN: ISIL-Affiliated Recruiters Arrested

As of 12 October, Spanish and Moroccan police arrested four Moroccan men for links to ISIL activity, according to the Spanish interior ministry. The arrests followed two years of investigations, which stemmed from monitoring two people who lived in Spain; they previously traveled to Syria and Iraq to join ISIL.

■ The two formed a recruiting cell and then established off-shoots in Spain and Morocco, each containing two members. The two arrested in Spain had direct contact with ISIL in Syria and were charged with enlisting and indoctrinating recruits to fight in Syria and Iraq through social media. The two others were arrested in Morocco. (REUTERS)

12 TURKEY: ISIL Regional Leader Killed

On 16 October, ISIL regional leader Mehmet Kadir Cabel was killed when police raided his house in Gaziantep. Three police officers were also killed by the explosion. Cabel’s wife and two children, along with at least 19 other suspected ISIL members, were captured.

■ The blast was thought to have been caused by a suicide bomber detonating during a police raid on a suspected ISIL safehouse. (REUTERS, CNN)

13 NIGER: American Aid Worker Abducted

On 14 October, gunmen stormed the house of American aid worker USPER Jason Woodke and abducted him in Abalak, the Tahou region of Niger, killing two people before fleeing with the man toward the border of Mali. Woodke lived in Abalak since 1992 and worked for a local NGO.

■ Officials believe this is the first abduction of a US citizen in the Sahel region of Niger. Authorities were alerted to be on the look out for a white Toyota Hilux. There was no immediate claim of responsibility. (AP, NY DAILY NEWS)

On 15 October, the US Embassy in Niger issued an emergency message for US citizens warning the “threat of kidnapping and hostage taking continues to be very high” and encouraging people to “take appropriate security precautions and to avoid predictable travel patterns.” (STATE)

14 NIGERIA: Boko Haram Released 21 Chibok Girls

On 13 October, Boko Haram released 21 of the more than 200 Chibok schoolgirls kidnapped in April 2014 to the Nigerian government. “The release of the girls is the outcome of negotiations between the administration and Boko Haram, brokered by the International Red Cross and Swiss government. The negotiations will continue,” stated Garba Shehu, President Buhari’s spokesman.

■ The girls were picked up by military helicopter from the Banki area of Borno state where Boko Haram dropped them off. The girls were described as being in “reasonably good health considering the circumstances,” according to Vice President Osinbajo. He added they would stay in a medical facility “for some time, until we’re reasonably satisfied of their health condition.” (HERALD, NY TIMES)

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15 ALGERIA: Security Forces Kill Algerian ISIL Amir

On 13 October, Algerian security forces conducted a raid in Oued Zehour, Skikda province, and killed Jund al-Khalifah terorrists Saddek Habbache, a.k.a. Abu Dujana, and Benaldjia, a.k.a. Abderrahmane, according to the National Defense Ministry.

■ Abu Dujana is the alleged ISIL amir in eastern Algeria. The unit recovered two Kalashnikov submachine guns, grenades, and nine mobile phones.

■ Security forces launched the operation based on information that Abu Dujana was to meet with Abu Hammam, the alleged head of ISIL in Algeria. (TSA, ALGERIE PRESSE SERVICE, MENA STREAM)

16 KENYA: Tanzanian Unfit to Stand Trial Over Garissa Attack

On 12 October, a Nairobi court declared Tanzanian national Rashid Charles Mbereseso unable to face trial after suffering a mental breakdown in prison custody. A psychiatric report tabled in court noted he was treated at the Kamiti maximum security prison for bizarre behavior, exhibiting abnormal experiences and believing people around him have evil intentions. As a result, Mbereseso requires continuous medication and repeated mental status evaluations, according to Dr. Mucheru Wang’ombe.

■ Mbereseso faces charges for conducting a terrorist attack at Garissa University last April, which led to the death of 149 students. He also faces a charge of being in Kenya illegally, as he lacked documents allowing him to be in the country. (CAPITAL NEWS)

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TRENDS, TACTICS, & PROCEDURESTRENDS, TACTICS, & PROCEDURES This section informs readers on methods terrorists are utilizing overseas which could be employed domestically.

France Creates National Guard to Improve SecurityOn 12 October, France’s government approved a decree creating a National Guard to bolster security against violent extremist attacks across the country.

■ The Guard, which is expected to grow to 84,000 people by 2018, is a new, enhanced version of the existing reserve forces and will include citizens willing to serve their country.

■ Guard members’ tasks will vary from patrolling the streets of big cities to securing major sport and festive events to working in military staff offices. They will fully integrate into regular troops and police forces for a certain period of the year—from a few days to several months.

■ The government hopes this will help relieve regular troops and police who face additional activity as the country is still under a state of emergency. (ASSOCIATED PRESS)

Women Encouraged to Play a Critical Role in Combating Terrorism On 12 September, USPERSarah Sewall, US Under-Secretary for Civilian Security, Democracy and Human Rights, provided remarks at a gathering in Washington, DC, encouraging women to take a greater role in counterterrorism efforts as they are disproportionately affected by terrorist violence. She spoke about the critical importance of including countering violent extremism in the agenda for Women, Peace and Security (WPS) programs which exist in many countries.

■ The role of WPS actors globally, including efforts by the private sector, foundations and nongovernmental organizations, is crucial to addressing marginalized and at-risk communities. Threats from violent extremists have become so transnational that Sewall said “we cannot reduce extremist violence without women.”

■ Under-secretary Sewall made specific reference to an initiative in Morocco which includes the well-regarded training of imams, both Moroccan and foreign, and female and male religious counselors. The initiative brings together a whole society solution to attacking the spread of terrorist ideology.

■ “In Morocco, we’ll help women’s groups speak out against violent ideologies. And in the Morocco program, it’s not just inclusion as process. We’ll make sure that women are not only included in trainings, but also the substance—for example, by ensuring that trainings include a focus on the specific factors that can drive women to terrorist groups. We’ll be sure that women are included in our baseline data, analysis and metrics to evaluate impact. We’re hopeful this North Africa pilot will lead to best practices as we mainstream gender in our CVE programming,” said Under-Secretary Sewall.(FAIR OBSERVER)

Austrian Police Exercise Prepares Response to Terror AttackOn 13 October, Austrian police teams from the WEGA—SWAT team—and Einsatzkommando Cobra counterterrorism unit, as well as bomb specialists, deployed with staff from four medical and rescue organizations as part of a training exercise involving a bomb threat scenario.

“London, Madrid, Paris, Brussels—Europe has not just been a focus for international terrorism, but recent incidences in France and Belgium have shown terrorists are increasingly appearing without warning. The police in Vienna will be prepared in the event of any emergency,” a statement from the police department said. (THE DAILY AUSTRIA)

NCTC Comment: IEDs are among the most challenging weapons to mitigate, as they are capable of causing mass casualties, and may be disguised or hidden utilizing constantly evolving concealment techniques, making them difficult to discover. Terrorists continue to target large crowds for an attack because of the potential to cause mass casualties likelihood to overwhelm emergency response resources.

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■ First responders are reminded of the significant challenges mass casualty incidents (MCIs) pose – commonly defined by first responders in the US as those consisting of 10 or more patients – and are generally regarded as among the most difficult to manage, especially when accompanied by a terrorist event. Incident management of an MCI must be well defined in response plans and preparations, and should be exercised regularly across all first responder disciplines, including jurisdictional, public and private partners. (JCAT PERSPECTIVE)

Cash Offered to Lure Militants Away From Terrorism On 11 October, two members of a terrorist group turned themselves in after the Bangladeshi government made a public announcement to offer cash to militants willing to reform, authorities said.

■ “We had chosen a dark path,” Abdul Hakim, 22, one of those who surrendered, stated at a public ceremony last week where he received a check from a government official. “We have realized our mistake,” said Hakim. “We do not believe in terrorism. Everyone who has gone on this path should return.”

■ Hakim and Mahmudul Hasan Bijoy—who belonged to the Neo-Jama’at ul-Mujahideen (JMB), an ISIL-affiliate and splinter group of Jama’atul Mujahideen—were among the first to receive money under a new initiative which encourages violent extremists to lay down guns and renounce their radical paths. In return, those who turn themselves in receive financial and legal assistance as part of their reintegration into society.

■ The government handed over 500,000 Taka (USD $6,350) to each of the two men who walked into a police station in Bogra city. While government officials were not specific, they said the men will be offered a rehabilitation program to keep them on the straight path. (VOA)

ISIL Tells European Recruits to Attack Home CountriesAs of 12 October, Belgium’s federal prosecutor Eric van der Sypt announced a warning of a “new trend” involving Western fanatics remaining in their home country rather than waging terrorism abroad.

■ Van der Sypt said ISIL wanted radicalized Europeans “to stay at home to sow death and destruction,” adding “young people are no longer called upon to fight in Syria. It’s a new trend, a new tactic of ISIL, which causes us serious concern.”

■ The top legal professionals said young people were “easily influenced” by terrorist recruiters who were attempting to convert them to their violent extremists ideology.

■ Officials in Belgium believe ISIL is increasingly focusing its time and energy on recruiting youngsters. (EXPRESS)

NCTC Comment: Community and family members are key to deterring potential violent extremists from mobilization to violence. They are influential and best positioned to recognize observable behaviors indicative of radicalization or mobilization to violence. First responders also remain an important component in a whole-of-government approach because of their unique position within their communities. (JCAT PERSPECTIVE)

ISIL Drone Kills Kurdish ForcesLast week in northern Iraq, Kurdish forces fighting ISIL shot down a small drone the size of a model airplane, which they believed was similar to the drones ISIL had been flying for reconnaissance in the area.

■ The Kurdish forces took the drone back to their outpost for examination; however, it blew up when it was disassembled and killed two Kurdish fighters. This was believed to be ISIL’s first successful use of a drone with explosives to kill troops on the battlefield.

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■ ISIL has tried to use small drones in the last month to launch at least two other attacks, prompting American commanders in Iraq to issue a warning to forces fighting the group to treat any type of small flying aircraft as a potential explosive device.

■ ISIL has used surveillance drones on the battlefield for some time, but the attacks—all targeting Iraqi troops—have highlighted its success in adapting readily accessible technology into a potentially effective new weapon. American advisers say drones could be deployed against Coalition forces by ISIL in the battle in Mosul.

■ Military officials said the Pentagon has dedicated significant resources to stopping drones, but few Iraqi and Kurdish units have been provided with the sophisticated devices the American troops have to disarm them.

■ The Pentagon’s agency in charge of dealing with explosive devices, known as the Joint Improvised-Threat Defeat Organization, has been ordered to study ways to thwart hostile drones. (NEW YORK TIMES)

NCTC Comment: Unmanned aircraft systems (UAS) are readily available from commercial sources in unrestricted commercial markets. These UASs may be equipped with advanced features—such as high quality GPS or real-time cameras—which enable the operator to fly a UAS equipped as an IED beyond the line of site making targets vulnerable to attack from a stand-off distance. Security stakeholders should factor into their security procedures the assumption terrorists will continue to modify their IED development to exploit perceived gaps in security measures or disguise the appearance of the device to blend into a surrounding environment. For downed UASs, as with any suspected item, first responder departmental guidelines should consider including isolation and evacuation, as rudimentary devices may have inherent dangers and should be treated accordingly until rendered safe by subject matter experts. (JCAT PERSPECTIVE)

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Authorities Hold Singapore’s Largest Anti-Terror ExerciseOn 17 October, thousands of police and armed forces personnel fanned out across malls and public transport hubs in Singapore’s largest counterterrorism exercise to date. The Singapore Police Force (SPF) said the exercise is part of ongoing efforts by the Home Team and Singapore Armed Forces to test and validate Singapore’s multi-agency response plan in the event of terrorist attacks.

■ Officers conducted joint deterrence patrols at more than 360 locations such as public transport nodes, commercial areas, residential heartlands and checkpoints in response to a simulated raised alert level. More than 3,200 personnel from SPF, Singapore Armed Forces, the Singapore Civil Defense Force, the Immigration and Checkpoints Authority, as well as more than 50 volunteers, were involved. (CHANNEL NEWS ASIA)

NCTC Comment: Ensuring public safety in public transportation hubs and shopping malls requires information sharing, interagency coordination, and partnerships with private-sector owners. The range of tactics used by terrorists underscores the need for interagency exercises and training, which incorporates multiple scenarios to account for the complexity of a coordinated terrorist attack, typically involving multiple attackers and targets. An effective response to a complex attack can be reinforced through interagency coordination, joint training between neighboring jurisdictions, familiarity with the infrastructure, and external and internal configuration of these facilities. (JCAT PERSPECTIVE)

Brother Says Berlin Bombing Suspect Radicalized by Imams in GermanyDeceased Berlin bomb suspect Jaber Al-Bakr showed signs of radicalization in Germany, posting violent extremist videos online before traveling to the ISIL-controlled city of Idlib, Syria, earlier in the year, according to Alaa Al-Bakr, Jaber’s brother.

■ Alaa claimed his brother said he went to Syria to volunteer with emergency rescue workers but was radicalized by imams in Berlin who “brainwashed him” into returning to Germany to conduct an attack.

■ Alaa said his brother started showing signs of radicalization in late 2015. “Last year he started posting jihadi videos and songs,” Alla said; however, he added despite the Facebook postings, Jaber showed no sign of intent to commit acts of violence during a phone conversation several weeks before his arrest.

■ Jaber, a Syrian migrant, who had refugee status in Germany, committed suicide after being arrested by German police on suspicion of planning a bomb attack at a Berlin airport. (REUTERS)

West Point’s Combating Terrorism Center Releases Report Analyzing ISIL Media ActivitiesOn 10 October, West Point’s Combatting Terrorism Center released a report titled “Communication Breakdown: Unraveling the Islamic State’s Media Efforts.”

■ This report breaks down ISIL’s media activities through a two-fold approach. First, the report examines declassified documents captured from the group’s predecessors to provide a baseline understanding of its present-day media structure and operations.

■ Second, through an examination of over 9,000 official ISIL media products, the report offers insight into what the group is saying and what a study of its propaganda reveals about its strengths, weaknesses, and struggles.

Findings of the report include:

■ ISIL’s media network is adaptive and complex.

■ The group publishes products on a variety of themes, only one of which has to do with the violence for which the group is well-known.

■ The frequency of the group’s products has declined significantly since its highpoint in the summer of 2015.

■ ISIL’s provincial media bureaus are not all equal in terms of their production content.

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■ Although advances have been made in limiting the group’s media activities, there is still more that can be done to limit the group’s outreach efforts. (CTC)

Danes Unveil New Anti-Online Radicalization MeasuresOn 16 October, the Danish government presented a list of measures to combat radicalization, including a “corps of digital voices of reason” to challenge violent extremist views on the Internet. “A civil society-driven corps of digital voices of reason will be established,” the Ministry of Justice said in a presentation of the anti-radicalization plans. The group would “systematically be present in social media and engage critically in relevant forums, take part in dialogue and challenge extremist views.”

■ A new unit would also be formed within the Danish intelligence agency to identify and remove extremist material from the Internet.

■ The government would also seek to introduce a filter against “violent extremist online material,” modeled on the filter against child pornography used by the country’s major Internet service providers. (THE LOCAL)

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PARTING SHOTSPARTING SHOTS This section includes press articles with concise summaries for rapid consumption.

1 WORLDWIDE: ISIL Releases Video

As of 13 October, ISIL released its latest video in the series “Victory from Allah and an Imminent Conquest #5.” The video features ISIL militants in Deir ez-Zor, Syria, attacking Syrian Arab Army soldiers. (ISIL)

ISIL releases video (ISIL)

2 WORLDWIDE: Al Nusrah Front Spokesman Resigns

As of 1 October, Al Nusrah Front—which calls itself Jabhat Fateh al-Sham—spokesman Australian preacher Mostafa Mahamed, a.k.a. Abu Sulayman al-Muhajir, reportedly resigned and left the group, noting the group’s new spokesman is Husam al-Shafi’ee. (AL NUSRAH FRONT)

3 AUSTRALIA: Prisoner Allegedly Planned Terror Attack

As of 12 October, Australian ISIL sympathizer Bourhan Hraichie, 19, was remanded in custody charged with planning a terrorist attack in Goulburn’s SuperMax prison. Hraichie was accused of writing a letter threatening to kill New South Wales corrective services commissioner Peter Severin. In April, Hraichie was moved to the SuperMax prison after allegedly trying to carve an ISIL slogan into a cell-mate’s forehead. Hriachie will appear in court in December. (SKYNEWS)

4 TURKEY: Rockets Hit Antalya Province

On 14 October, two rockets—apparently aimed at a fuel tanker—hit a commercial store and open ground near a resort town in the province of Antalya, Turkey. The rockets were fired from a mountainous area and did not cause any casualties. Following the attack, Turkish authorities conducted operations and detained 25 people linked to the Kurdistan Worker’s Party (PKK). (REUTERS, AP)

5 EGYPT: ISIL Attacks Security Checkpoint

On 14 October, violent extremists attacked a security checkpoint near Bir al-Abd in North Sinai, killing 12 Egyptian service members and wounding six more. This is reportedly the first major attack in the central Sinai area. ISIL claimed responsibility for the attack. (REUTERS)

ISIL claim of responsibility (AMAQ)

6 ISRAEL: Authorities Arrest Suspects for Plotting ISIL-Inspired Attacks

As of late September, Israeli security forces arrested three Arab Israelis accused of planning attacks inspired by ISIL, including an arson attack at a stadium during a concert for the Muslim Eid al-Adha holiday, stated the Shin Bet domestic security service. The suspects—aged 20, 26 and 32—from Tayibe, were arrested while planning to torch. The men planned to hide weapons in preparation for attacks in Israel and transport them into the country from the occupied West Bank through a tunnel. (I24 NEWS)

One of the suspects, Amir Jabara, 20, was previously questioned by police after being expelled from Turkey while attempting to travel to Syria. (I24 NEWS)

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7 ISRAEL: Security Forces Thwarts Hamas Suicide Bus Bomb Plot

On 11 October, Israeli authorities arrested Hamas operative Muhammad Fuaz Ibrahim Julani, who planned a number of terrorist attacks in the Jerusalem area, to include a suicide bombing on a bus in the Pisgat Ze’ev neighborhood. Julani reportedly discussed conducting a shooting at the Hizme checkpoint, a bombing at a store in Jerusalem he formerly worked at, and bombing attacks at high-profile sites in Jerusalem which would cause mass casualties, such as the central bus station and the Malha Mall. Two of Julani’s family members who helped him hide weapons from authorities were also arrested. (JERUSALEM POST)

8 LEBANON: Authorities Arrest ISIL-Affiliated Terrorist Cell

On 14 October, Lebanese General Security officers arrested six Syrians and one Lebanese national when they dismantled an alleged ISIL terrorist cell at an unspecified location, seizing a large quantity of weapons, according to Lebanon’s National News Agency. The investigation is ongoing. (ALMASDAR NEWS)

9 NIGERIA: ISIL-West Africa Attacks Borno

On 12 October, an explosion in Maiduguri killed eight people and wounded twenty. A VBIED hit a taxi convoying to Gamburu. ISIL claimed responsibility for the attack. (IB TIMES, AMAQ)

10 NIGER: Security Forces Repel Attack on Prison Holding Militants

On 17 October, security forces repelled an attack on a high-security prison in Koutoukale, apparently conducted to free militants held inside. The prison holds suspected members of Boko Haram and other extremist groups. “I can confirm one dead among the attackers. He was wearing a suicide vest,” said Interior Minister Mohamed Bazoum, adding “The situation is now under control and our forces are combing the area to try to catch the attackers still at large.” Bazoum further stated the most likely culprit was the Mali-based Movement for Unity and Jihad in West Africa (MUJWA), one of a number of armed groups operating in the Sahara. (REUTERS)

11 AFGHANISTAN: ISIL Gunmen Attack Shia Shrine on Ashura Holy Day

On 11 October, gunmen in police uniform opened fire on worshippers observing the Ashura holy day at one of Kabul’s largest Shia shrines. Security forces killed one of the attackers, however, 14 people—13 civilians and one police officer—died, while 36 people were wounded. ISIL claimed responsibility for the attack. (REUTERS, AMAQ)

ISIL Claim of Responsibility (AMAQ)

12 AFGHANISTAN: Vice President Escapes Taliban Ambush

On 16 October, Afghanistan Vice President Abdul Rashim Dostum escaped unhurt from a Taliban ambush on his convoy, according to a spokesman for Dostum. Dostum was returning from overseeing fighting at a northern battlefield when the attack occurred. The Taliban killed five of Dostum’s men. (REUTERS)

13 SYRIA: ISIL Commander Killed In Airstrike

On 16 October, an airstrike killed at least ten ISIL terrorists, including the group’s military commander, Abu Muhajir al-Magribi, in Deir ez-Zor. The attack hit an ISIL convoy in the Mareiya District near the Deir ez-Zor military airport. (ARA NEWS)

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14 SYRIA: Suicide Bomber Attacks Refugee CampOn 16 October, a suicide bomber believed to be a member of ISIL killed three people and injured at least 20 others in an attack at a refugee camp in Syria near the border with Jordan. The bomber targeted an outpost staffed by the Jaish al-Ashair group at the Rakban refugee camp, with a VBIED. (REUTERS)

15 SYRIA: VBIED Near Border Crossing Kills at Least 20

On 13 October, at least 20 people, mostly Syrian rebel fighters, were killed and at least 25 more were wounded after a VBIED exploded near a checkpoint close to the Bab al Salama crossing on the Turkish-Syrian border in northern Syria. The explosion occurred near a checkpoint staffed by a group of Free Syrian Army’s (FSA) Jabhat al Shamiya close to a car depot approximately one mile away from the border crossing, which is known to be a major route for traffic between the opposition-held northern Syria into Turkey. (REUTERS)

16 IRAQ: Suicide Bomber Kills 41

On 15 October, a suicide bomber detonated an explosive vest in the middle of a Shia gathering in Baghdad, killing at least 41 people and injuring 33. The explosion occurred inside a tent filled with people taking part in Shia Ashura rituals. ISIL claimed the attack in an online statement. (REUTERS, AMAQ)

17 PHILIPPINES: Police Thwart Bombing Plot

On 12 October, the Philippine National Police-Criminal Investigation and Detection Group (PNP-CIDG) arrested three men linked to the Abu Sayyaf Group (ASG)—a radical faction to ISIL—in Barangay Culiat, Quezon City. The suspects were arrested at a checkpoint while transporting improvised bombs. PNP-CIDG Director Chief Supt. Roel Obusan believed PNP thwarted the possibility of executing the bombing plan of the ASG in Metro Manila. (BALITA, REUTERS)

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NATIONAL COUNTERTERRORISM CENTER (NCTC)NCTC serves as the primary organization in the US Government for integrating and analyzing all intelligence pertaining to terrorism possessed or acquired by the US Government (except purely domestic terrorism); serves as the central and shared knowledge bank on terrorism information; provides all-source intelligence support to government-wide counterterrorism activities; establishes the information technology (IT) systems and architectures within NCTC and between NCTC and other agencies that enable access to, as well as integration, dissemination, and use of, terrorism information.

NCTC serves as the principal advisor to the Director of National Intelligence (DNI) on intelligence operations and analysis relating to counterterrorism, advising the DNI on how well US intelligence activities, programs, and budget proposals for counterterrorism conform to priorities established by the President.

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