172176458-phyf111-isem-2013-14

10
Dyna, año 79, Nro. 173, pp. 15-24. Medellín, junio, 2012. ISSN 0012-7353 APLICACIÓN DEL MÉTODO DEL INTERVALO DE CONFIANZA COMO TÉCNICA GEOESTADÍSTICA NO LINEAL A LA MODELACIÓN ESPACIAL DE VARIABLES GEOTÉCNICAS IMPLEMENTATION OF THE CONFIDENCE INTERVAL APPROACH AS GEOSTATISTICAL NONLINEAR MODELING FOR SPACE GEOTECHNICAL VARIABLES LUÍS HERNÁN SÁNCHEZ ARREDONDO Profesor Asociado, Universidad Nacional de Colombia Facultad de Mina, [email protected] GLORIA ISABEL RAMÍREZ BOLÍVAR Ingeniera geóloga , Estudiante de Maestría en Ingeniería Geotécnica, [email protected] Recibido para revisar Mayo 13 de 2011, Aceptado Marzo 23 de 2012, versión final Marzo 30 de 2012 RESUMEN: El presente trabajo tuvo como objetivo elaborar la cartografía automática de algunas las propiedades físico - mecánicas del suelo en un sector del Barrio Laureles de la ciudad de Medellín, Colombia. Como método de estimación se utilizó principalmente la técnicas geoestadísticas conocido como “Intervalo de Confianza”, el cual fue desarrollado por la Escuela de Minas de París. La base de datos corresponde a una de las empresas de ingeniería geotécnica de la ciudad, los cuales han sido recopilados entre los años 1993 y 2005, extrayendo información relacionada con los ensayos de penetración estándar NSPT, humedad natural del suelo y compresión simple Qu. Para la evaluación geoestadística de los datos se realizaron las etapas de análisis exploratorio, análisis estructural, estimación, simulación, e implementación del intervalo de confianza. El método del intervalo de confianza es muy útil para analizar variables de libre distribución estadística y en este caso pudimos obtener los posibles valores extremos para las variables arriba mencionadas. PALABRAS CLAVE: Geoestadística, geotecnia, intervalo de confianza, kriging. ABSTRACT: This study aimed to primary work computer mapping of some of the physical - rnechanical properties of soil in an area of Barrio Laureles —Medellín Colornbia. As the estimation method it was mainly used the geostatistical technique known as “confidence interval”, which was developed by the Ecole des Mines de Paris. The database corresponds to one of geotechnical engineering firms in Medellin city, which have been collected between 1993 and 2005, extracting information related to the standard penetration tests NSPT, natural soil moisture and compressive Qu. For geostatistical data assessment were carried out exploratory stages of analysis, structural analysis; estimation, simulation, and implementation of the confidence interval. The confidence interval method is very useful for analyzing the statistical distribution of free variables, in this case it was able to identify any extreme values for the variables mentioned above KEYWORDS: Geostatistics, geotechnical, confidence interval, kriging 1. INTRODUCCIÓN 1.1 Ubicación del área de estudio Como se aprecia en la figura 1, la zona de interés para este proyecto se localiza en el sector comprendido entre las carreras 65 y 83 y entre las calles 33 y 44, del Barrio Laureles de la ciudad de Medellín, Departamento de Antioquia, correspondiente a las coordenadas Este 830.421 - 833.490 y Norte 1.181.613 - 1.183.304, de acuerdo al sistema coordenado Transverse Mercator con origen de coordenadas Bogota - Colombia. Este sector es uno de los principales sitios de desarrollo urbanístico en la ciudad debido principalmente a su entorno comercial y su topografía suave.

Upload: tusharvatsa

Post on 07-Sep-2015

214 views

Category:

Documents


0 download

DESCRIPTION

s,fw;

TRANSCRIPT

  • BIRLA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY AND SCIENCE, PILANI - HYDERABAD CAMPUS

    INSTRUCTION DIVISION

    FIRST SEMESTER 2013-2014

    Course Handout (Part-II)

    Date: 02 /08 /2013

    In addition to part I (General handout for all courses appended to the timetable) this portion gives further

    details regarding the course.

    Course Number : PHY F111 / PHY C131

    Course Title : MECHANICS, OSCILLATIONS& WAVES / PHYSICS I

    Instructor-in-Charge :P.K. THIRUVIKRAMAN Instructors :, V. Satyanarayana Murthy, BasudhaMisra, SashideepGutti, Souri Banerjee,

    AravindaRaghavan, MeenakshiViswanathan, AsrarulHaque, SharmisthaBanik, Rahul Nigam

    Course Description: Mechanics, Waves and Oscillationsis a basic physics course, which will cover

    Mechanics, Vibrations and Waves and Optics.

    Scope & Objective:Physics an exact science which provides the basic logic and structure to

    build an understanding of other branches of science and engineering. In this course, the subjects of

    Mechanics, oscillations, Waves and Optics are covered with the aim to prepare the students for advanced

    level courses. The objective of this course is to develop problem solving skills.

    Text Books: 1. An Introduction to Mechanics, by D. Kleppner and R. Kolenkow, Tata McGraw-Hill Edition, 2007.

    2. French, Anthony P, Vibrations and Waves, CBS, 1987.

    Reference Books: 1. The Physics of Vibrations & Waves, by H. J. Pain, 6th edition, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2005.

    2. Physics Vol I & II, Halliday/Resnick/Krane 5th Edition, John Wiley, 2003.

    3. Berkeley Physics Course Volume I, Tata-McGraw Hill.

    Lecture

    Number

    Learning

    Objectives

    Topics to be covered Chapter/Section

    Topics from Text Book 1 (Kleppner and Kolenkow)

    1-2 Vectors and

    Kinematics

    Velocity and Acceleration, Motion in

    Plane Polar Co-ordinates

    1.6-1.9

    3 Foundation of

    Newtonian

    mechanics

    Applications of Newtons laws and

    everyday forces of Physics (Self reading),

    Constraint equations and applications

    2.4-2.5

    4-5 Momentum Dynamics of a system of particles,

    conservation of momentum

    3.1 3.3.

  • 6-7 Momentum

    (contd.)

    Impulse and restatement of the

    momentum relation, flow of mass,

    momentum transport

    3.4 3.6

    8-9 Work and energy Equations of motion in one-dimension

    and several dimensions, work energy

    theorem and application

    4.1-4.6

    10-11 Work and energy

    (contd.)

    Potential energy, force, small oscillations

    in bound system, non-conservative

    forces, power, conservation laws and

    particle collisions

    4.7-4.14

    12-14 Angular

    momentum

    Angular momentum, torque, fixed axis

    rotation

    6.1 6.4

    15-20 Angular

    momentum , Rigid

    body motion

    Dynamics of pure rotation, physical

    pendulum, motion involving both

    translation and rotation, Gyroscopes

    6.5 - 6.7

    7.1-7.3

    7.5-7.6

    21-24 Simple harmonic

    motion (SHM)

    Displacement, velocity and acceleration

    in SHM, energy of a simple harmonic

    oscillator

    10.1-10.5

    Topics from Text Book 2 (A.P.French)

    25-26 Superposition of

    SHMs

    Superposition of vibrations along same

    direction and in perpendicular

    directions, Lissajous figures

    27-28 Coupled

    Oscillations

    Stiffness coupled oscillators, normal

    modes, degrees of freedom etc, double

    pendulum

    Ch.5

    pp: 119-132

    29-31 Coupled

    Oscillations

    (contd.)

    Matrix method for finding normal mode

    frequencies, matrices, eigenvalues and

    eigenvectors, coupled oscillations of

    loaded string and wave equation

    Ch.5 (contd.)

    pp: 133-141

    32-34 Transverse wave

    motion

    Waves, solution of wave equation,

    reflection and transmission, standing

    waves, energy of vibrating string,

    standing wave ratio, wave group and

    group velocity

    Ch.7

    pp: 201-

    213,230

  • 35-37 Interference and

    Diffraction

    Interference, Newtons ring, interference

    from two and more sources

    Ch.8

    pp: 267-280

    38-40 Interference and

    Diffraction

    (contd.)

    Diffraction, intensity distribution,

    Fraunhoffer diffraction, transmission

    diffraction grating, resolving power

    Ch.8 (contd.)

    pp: 281-293

    S.No. Evaluation

    Component

    Duration Weightage

    (%)

    Date & Time Nature of

    Component

    1 Test I 60 mins. 30 28/9(11-12) Open Book

    2 Test II 60 mins. 30 11/11(11-12) Closed Book

    3 Comprehensive

    Examination

    3 hours. 40 Closed Book

    Chamber Consultation Hour: To be announced in class.

    Notices: Notices and solutions will be displayed only on the PHYSICS department notice

    board.

    Make-up Policy: Make up for tests will be given only to really genuine cases, i.e. (i) Sickness

    leading to hospitalization, (ii) out-of-station with prior intimationto/permission from the

    IC.

    Instructor-in-Charge

    PHY F111