1787646 large animal rescues

8/17/2019 1787646 Large Animal Rescues

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Fire and Rescue ServiceOperational Guidance

GRA 2.5

Large animalrescues


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Generic Risk Assessment 2.5

Large animal rescues

December 2010

London: TSO


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Published with the permission of the Department for Communities and Local Government on behalf of

Her Majesty’s Stationery Ofce.

© Crown Copyright 2010

ISBN 978 0 11 754029 3

Copyright in the typographical arrangement and design rests with the Crown.

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Applications for reproduction should be made to the Ofce of Public Sector Information, Information Policy Team,

Kew, Richmond, Surrey, TW9 4DU.

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3

Contents

SECTION 1

Generic Risk Assessment 2.5Large animal rescues 4

Scope 4

Definition 4

Significant hazards and risks 4

General 4

The operational imperative 5

The uncontrolled si tuation 5Inappropriate and/or insufficient resources to provide safesystems of work for the FRS task 5

Limited experience 5

Accessing the rescue si te 5

Working at the scene of the rescue 6

Post incident hazards 8

Key control measures 8

Pre-planning 8

Pre-determined response 10

Training 10

Command and Control 11

Safety Officer(s) 12

Personal protective equipment 13

External professional assistance 13

Releasing of animals and release area 13

SECTION 2

Summary of Generic Risk Assessment 2.5 15

The Generic Risk Assessments in this series only apply to England.


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4

SECTION 1

Generic risk assessment 2.5Large animal rescues

Scope

This Generic Risk Assessment (GRA) examines the hazards, risks and control measures

relating to Fire and Rescue Service (FRS) personnel, the personnel of other agencies and

members of the public when dealing with incidents involving the rescue of large animals.

Depending on the nature and scale of the operational incident a variety of significanthazards may be present. A FRS may therefore need to consider the contents of other

specific GRAs in this series.

This GRA should therefore be considered in conjunction with other relevant GRAs, which

include:

GRA 2.1 Rescues – From Confined spaces: trenches/pits

GRA 2.2 Rescues – From ice and unstable ground

GRA 4.1 Incidents involving transport systems – Road

GRA 5.1 Generic hazards – Working at heights

GRA 5.4 Generic hazards – Biological hazards

Definition

Whilst there is no specific definition of a ‘large animal’, any animal that cannot be easily

lifted and handled by two persons and removed to a place of safety should be deemed to

be a large animal.

As with all GRAs this assessment provides a starting point for FRS to conduct their own

assessments and produce their own Safe Systems of Work (which include StandardOperating Procedures, training programmes, provision of equipment, levels of response

etc.) within the context of local conditions and existing organisational arrangements.

Significant hazards and risks

General

There is currently no specific definition of a ‘large animal’ but consideration should be

given to manual handling regulations and specific risks involving particular species.


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Generic Risk Assessment 2.5 – Large animal rescues 5

Animal rescues by their very nature often occur in difficult locations and conditions.

Attempting the rescue of large animals is inherently hazardous, and is in an area where

FRS experience may be limited. The response to incidents involving large animals

provided by FRS’s could be described as having three sequential levels:-

(1) Awareness to make personnel who may be expected to take part or to be involved in

the rescue of large animals as part of their service role, aware of the hazards associatedwith these types of incidents.

(2) Initial Operational Response

First attendance crews, with knowledge, experience, training, training in Safe Systems of

Work (SSoW), knowledge of safe working practices and procedures in these conditions.

(3) Specialist Crews

Specially trained crews with appropriate knowledge and experience, and range of

specialist equipment to facilitate more complex rescue operations.

The operational imperative

On the arrival of crews, there will be an expectation of action. Crews should be aware of

the pressure to act, particularly when large crowds are at the scene of a serious incident.

The uncontrolled situation

When arriving at an operational incident, the Incident Commander will face an

uncontrolled situation with several hazards and risks, incomplete information and an

expectation to act.

Inappropriate and/or insufficient resources to provide safe systemsof work for the FRS task

There is a societal expectation that a firefighting team will arrive and achieve a satisfactory

outcome. Evidence from accident investigations has shown that firefighters will attempt

tasks regardless of the resources available to them risking death or serious injury.

Limited experience

A FRS may have limited experience of this type of incident. A particular hazard is the

infrequency of rescues performed in these conditions and the societal/moral pressure on

FRS personnel to save life regardless of resources, training and experience.

Accessing the rescue site

Traversing difficult terrain to access and egress the incident present hazards that include;

uneven ground•

quarries and cliffs•

flooded areas – tidal and non tidal watercourses•

wells, holes, ditches, pits and hedgerows•


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Generic Risk Assessment 2.5 – Large animal rescues6

fences: timber and electrical•

poor light levels•

disturbed/unpredictable livestock behaviour.•

Access may be difficult due to remoteness, poor terrain with inherent trip hazards, low

light levels and extreme weather conditions all of which may have an adverse affect on the

effectiveness of the operation. Natural trip hazards and obstacles such as ditches, rabbit

burrows, badger sets, hedgerows, timber and electrical fences may have to be negotiated

whilst carrying items of rescue equipment. Trips and falls in these situations can lead to

significant musculoskeletal injuries as well as cuts and abrasions etc.

Surrounding water – standing and flowing water which might easily have been walked

through at the start of the incident may not be passable at the conclusion of the incident

due to flooding caused by local and remote rainfall or the area being subject to tidal flow.

If prolonged periods are spent in water there may be a risk of hypothermia or in extreme

cases drowning. Constant monitoring of the weather, tidal and working conditions will

need to be considered.

Lighting levels – will be of a primary concern if accessing the site, carrying out the

rescue or returning from the site is carried out during the hours of darkness.

Disturbing other live stock – some cattle and livestock are naturally inquisitive and may

move towards the scene of activity. Sudden disturbance of livestock could start a local

stampede that may drive them towards the rescue site and rescuers.

Working at the scene of the rescue

UNSTABLE SURFACESWorking near old mine workings and on other unstable surfaces such as mud, slurry

and ice, have their own inherent hazards. These can result in falls by those attending the

incident and the potential to enter the subsurface liquids.

CONFINED SPACES

These may be confined spaces as defined by the Confined Space Regulations 1997 , as

well being confined (restricted) working areas but not falling under the Regulations.

“Confined space” working may present problems of restricted access and the potential

for rapid fatigue and claustrophobia.

ANIMAL RELATED DISEASES

Working in very close proximity to animals particularly in restricted areas may present

the risk of contracting zoonoses1 (animal related infectious diseases) and other viral

infections. Severe allergic reactions may also be triggered by airborne particles containing

animal fur, skin (dandruff) or saliva. It should be remembered that some of this infectious

contaminant can be carried on personal protective equipment clothing which may aid

cross infection.

1 http://www.hse.gov.uk/agriculture/topics/health.htm#_zoonoses


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NOTE

Pregnant women who come into close contact with sheep during lambing may place

their own and unborn child’s health at serious risk from infection which could lead to

enzootic abortion.

UNSTABLE STRUCTURESConsideration may need to be given to unstable buildings, structures or agricultural

machinery that has the potential to collapse causing crush (possibly fatal) injuries.

CHEMICAL AND BIOLOGICAL HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES

A wide range of chemical and biological hazardous substances may be present at the

rescue site, for example – veterinary medicines, asbestos, electricity, fuel oils, gases,

poisons and agro chemicals and slurry, each having their own inherent risks.

WORKING AT HEIGHT

Some rescues may involve working at height (which includes working at the top of a

trench or ravine etc) and may present the risk of injuries associated with falls.

WORKING ON OR NEAR WATER

When dealing with incidents involving water or near water the associated risks include

drowning, hypothermia and the potential to contract infectious diseases such as

leptospirosis (Weil’s disease) etc.

INJURED, FRIGHTENED OR DISTRESSED ANIMALS

Animals that are distressed or hurt may behave uncharacteristically, particularly when

stimulated or during release. Fight, flight and herding instincts may be observed during a

rescue. Enhanced aggression may be observed during the breeding season.

Consideration should be given to the risks associated with being kicked, crushed, gored,

bitten or being trampled on by the animal.

Where chemical sedation of the animal is not be readily available, consideration should be

given to calming the animal in other ways, particularly horses by covering their eyes which

will help to limit any visual stimuli. Feeding may also help to calm the animal. Where this is

being considered a vet should be consulted.

The operational activities and the level of distress of the animal being rescued may

influence the behaviour of other animals in the vicinity. Risk assessments should includethe potential for:

crowding from the remaining herd•

unsecured animals reacting to the rescue•

protective behaviour•

male species (protecting their domain etc.) e.g. bulls, boars, rams, stags,•

stallions

females protecting young.•


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IMPROVISED WORKING/EQUIPMENT

The use of non FRS items of equipment may be offered for use. Such equipment will

have to be carefully considered and assessed prior to it being used. Assurance of the

operator’s competence will also need to be established.

Specific equipment may be available from the animal’s owner or veterinary adviser who

may be in attendance.

FRSs may also have entered into a contract to enable specialist equipment to be provided

when requested.

Whatever method of rescue is used, personnel will need to be aware that in the course

of rescuing large animals, pulling on their necks may cause them permanent, serious

damage.

Post incident hazards

Relaxation of personal discipline and hazard awareness whilst still on site and closingdown incident.

Returning equipment to appliances over uneven ground, fences and walls etc.

Inadequate on site vehicle/appliance decontamination leading to mud being deposited on

to public highway and potentially causing a road traffic collision.

Inadequate on site decontamination of personnel, resulting in prolonged exposure to

contaminants and contamination of appliance crew cab, leading to increased potential to

contract associated diseases.

Poor control of point of egress on to public highway permitting other livestock to escape

and cause an road traffic collision.

Key control measures

The most effective risk control measure in preventing harm is, if practicable, to avoid

committing FRS personnel into the hazard area in the first instance. When working in the

hazard area cannot be avoided, consideration must be given to suitable control measures

that may include:

Pre-planning

Preplanning is key to enhancing the safety of fire fighters and others likely to be affected

by FRS operations. Every FRS Integrated Risk Management Plan should set standards

and identify the resources required to ensure safe systems of work are maintained.

Every FRS should assess the hazards and risks in their area relating to this generic risk

assessment and site-specific plans should be considered for locations where these

are significant. This assessment should include other FRS’ areas where “cross border”

arrangements make this appropriate.


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Such contingency plans should include:

levels of response•

reference to relevant Standard Operating Procedures•

tactical considerations, including rendezvous points, appliance marshalling areas•

and access points.

Preplanning is underpinned by information gathering, much of which will be gained

through inspections or visits by FRS staff – for example, those covered by section 7(2)d of

the Fire and Rescue Services Act 2004.

Information should be gathered and used to review safe systems of work, etc utilising

sources from both within and outside of the FRS including:

incident de-briefs•

health and safety events•

local authorities•

local and national resilience forum•

Animal Rescue Forum•

British Horse Society•

World Horse Welfare•

Environment Agency•

Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs.•

Involving others in preplanning is also an effective way to build good working relations

with partner agencies and other interested parties, such as site owners and animal rescue

agencies that may include (RSPCA), Natural England and welfare societies.

FRSs should ensure systems are in place to record and regularly review risk information

and to make sure that new risks are identified and recorded as soon as practicable.

FRSs must ensure that the information gathered is treated as confidential, unless

disclosure is made in the course of duty or is required for legal reasons.

The FRS should consider the benefits of using consistent systems and formats to recordinformation from all sources. Consideration should also be given to how timely access will

be provided to information to support operational decision-making. Mobile data terminal

systems may be utilised to support this function.

Information needs and the capacity of FRS staff to assimilate information will vary in

proportion to the nature and size of incident and what stage the operational response

has reached, so arrangements need to be flexible and may be based on more than one

system.


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FRSs should ensure that the pre- determined operational response to such incidents will

support the implementation of safe systems of work. Whilst it may not be practicable to

consider site specific locations, a generic view should be taken from the FRSs experience

and local knowledge to develop their pre-determined attendance for such incidents.

Pre-determined response

FRSs should ensure that the operational response to an incident will be sufficient to allow

relevant safe systems of work to be implemented. A task analysis of the various scenarios

at this type of incident will enable an FRS to plan an effective response and standard

operating procedures. This along with information received regarding the incident type

and any known site specific information will provide a risk based assessment of the pre-

determined response. As part of the pre-planning process the pre-determined response

may also include the need for specialist vehicles equipment, techniques and assistance

from other agencies.

TrainingWhen formulating a training strategy the FRS should consider the following points:

FRSs must ensure their personnel are adequately trained to deal with hazards•

and risks associated with large animal rescues.

The level and nature of training undertaken should be shaped by informed•

assessment of operational and individual needs in accordance with the FRS

guidance on the integrated personal development system, national occupational

standards and any internal training plan.

Training and development should follow the principles set out in national•

guidance documents. Training and development programmes should generally

be structured so that they move from simple to more complex tasks and from

lower to higher levels of risk. This training should also include the need to

consider the animal’s welfare whilst being rescued.

Training and development will typically need to include standard operational•

procedures as well as ensuring knowledge and understanding of equipment and

the associated skills that will be required to use it.

Training and development programmes need to consider the need for•

appropriate levels of assessment and provide for continuous professionaldevelopment to ensure maintenance of skills and to update personnel whenever

there are changes to procedure, equipment etc.

Training outcomes should be evaluated to ensure that the training provided is effective,

current and that it meets defined operational needs as determined by the FRS Integrated

Risk Management Plan.


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Any FRS personnel who are expected to take part in large animal rescues,•

including the supervision of personnel should be competent in the equipment

and techniques that they are likely to utilise. Realistic training events aimed to

ensure operational crews maintain a satisfactory knowledge of the hazards, safe

systems of work and operational procedures associated with the rescue of large

animals should be periodically carried out.

Training for such events will need to include;

the foreseeable hazards as well as the associated risks•

use of rescue equipment•

manual handling techniques, particularly in relation to animals•

rescue techniques.•

Command and control

The Incident Commander should follow the principles of the current National IncidentCommand System. Before committing personnel into any hazard area and selecting

and informing personnel of the safe system of work to be implemented the Incident

Commander must take account of all factors known at the time.

Early consultation, where practicable, with an animal rescue specialist should be

considered.

The Incident Commander must choose the most appropriate safe system of work based

on pre-planning by their FRS and the pre-determined attendance for this type of incident.

In doing so they shall take account of the:

GRA 2.1 Rescues – from confined spaces: trenches/pits

GRA 2.2 Rescues – from ice and unstable ground

GRA 4.1 Incidents involving transport systems – Road

GRA 5.1 Generic hazards – Working at heights

GRA 5.4 Generic hazards – Biological hazards

A thorough safety brief prior to deployment of personnel within the hazard zone must be

carried out.

In addition to guidance provided by the National Incident Command System the followingcontrol measures are particularly pertinent to large animal rescues:

the number of personnel and equipment permitted to work around the animal to•

be rescued should be kept to the minimum required to achieve the task

brief and deploy Safety Officers to look out for the safety of crew•

utilise best access and egress balanced against urgency of the situation and•

safest point of egress

consideration of all resources that may require to be transported by foot.•


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Incident Commanders should identify and communicate the extent of the area in which it

is considered safe to work, utilising natural boundaries, ditches and fences etc.

Safety Officer(s)

The provision of a Safety Officer should always be considered and their early appointment

will help ensure that risks are either eliminated or reduced to an acceptable level.

A safety decision-making model may be used to brief Safety Officers regarding the

nature of the incident, the allocated task and prevailing hazards and risks. The Incident

Commander should confirm that the Safety Officer understands:

their role and area of responsibility•

allocated tasks•

lines of communication.•

Those undertaking the Safety Off icer role should:

be competent to perform the role•

ensure personnel are wearing appropriate personal protective equipment•

monitor the physical condition of personnel and/or general or specific safety•

conditions at the incident, in accordance with their brief

take any corrective action required to ensure safety of personnel and others who•

may be affected by the rescue activities

update the Incident Commander or Senior Safety Officer regarding any change•

in circumstances and

not be engaged in any other aspect of operations, unless this is required to deal•

with a risk critical situation

having a knowledge of the rescue techniques that are likely to be deployed in•

relation to animals will be an advantage.

A Safety Officer can be any role, but the complexity of the task, size of the incident

and scope of responsibility should be considered by the Incident Commander when

determining the supervisory level required.

Safety Officers should wear nationally recognised identification to indicate they areundertaking the Safety Officer role.

The FRS should ensure that risk assessments, training and other measures (such as aide-

memoires) are in place and available to support those staff liable to undertake this role.


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Personal protective equipment

The FRS must ensure that any personal protective equipment provided is fit for purpose

appropriate for the incident that it will be used at, as well as conforming to all required

safety standards. When choosing suitable protective garments, the standard of clothing

worn beneath the specialist personal protective equipment should also be taken into

account. Consideration should also be given to the selection of suitable sizes.

Personal protective equipment should also take account of the need for rescuers to be

visible against the operational background including night working and for the Incident

Commander and other managerial and functional roles (defined in the national incident

command system) to be distinguishable.

All personnel must use appropriate levels of service provided personal protective

equipment and respiratory protective equipment as determined by the safe system of

work.

Consideration should be given to the suitable cleaning of any personal protectiveequipment or other equipment that may have been contaminated with fur, skin (dandruff)

or saliva etc.

External professional assistance

Where animal sedation or advice is required, the availability and attendance of a suitably

trained large animal practitioner/vet may prove beneficial. The animal owner may however

opt to use their own vet.

Releasing of animals and release area

All personnel should be mindful that animals can be stimulated out of a sedated state

immediately with little or no warning signs.

Consultation with the RSPCA or vet to establish the suitableness of releasing the animal

should also be considered.

Where practicable the release of any animal should be controlled until a safe area has

been made available.

Consideration of a safe area for the animal to be released into may need to include the

released animals ‘flight’ zone for planned or unplanned releases from its place of rescue.

This flight zone should be a safe (natural or created) pathway to encourage the animal

towards the release area.


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Identification and dissemination (at the rescue scene) of suitable egress points for FRSs

personnel may also be necessary.

Technical references

1 Work at Height Regulations 2005(WAH Regulations) SI2005/735

2 Manual Handling Regulations 1992 (as amended)

3 Fire Service Manual Volume 2, Fire Service Operations, Safe Working Near, on or in

Water

4 Provision and Use of Work Equipment Regulations 1998 (PUWER) SI1998/2306 and

ACoP Safe use of work equipment (HSE L 22)

5 Lifting Operations and Lifting Equipment Regulations 1998 (LOLER) SI 1998/2307 and

ACoP and Guidance and Safe Use of Lifting Equipment1998 (HSE L25)

6 Fire and Rescue Service Manual Volume 2 Fire Service Operations, Safe Work at

Height, 2006

7 The Chief Fire Officer’s Association, Guidance for the Fire and Rescue

8 Personal Protective Equipment at Work Regulations 1992 (PPE) SI 1992/2966 and

amendments. Guidance document (HSE L22) Personal Protective Equipment at work

1992

9 Safer Horse Rescues – emergency services protocol – for dealing with incidents

involving equines


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S E

C T I O N

2

S u

m m a r y o f G e n e r i c

R i s k A s s e s s m e n t

2 . 5

L a r g e a n i m a l r e s c u e

T a s k – I n i t i a l s t a g e s o f t h e

i n c i d e n t / a s t h e i n c i d e n t

d e v e l o p s

R e

f .

N o

.

A c t i v i t y

H

a z a r d

R i s k

P e r s o n s a t r i s

k

C o n t r o l m e a s u r e s

1

T r a v e r s i n g d i f fi c u l t

t e r r a i n t o a c c e s s a n d

e g r e s s f r o m t h e r e s c u e

s i t e

T r i p a n d f a l l h a z a r d s

f r o m t r a v e r s i n g d i f fi c u l t ,

u

n e v e n t e r r a i n t h a t m a y

i n

c l u d e :

a n i m a l b u r r o w s a n d

•

o t h e r h o l e s i n g r o u n d ,

c a t t l e g r i d s , t i d a l

a n d w a t e r c o u r s e s ,

p r e s e n c e o f o t h e r

a n i m a l s , e l e c t r i c

a n d o t h e r f e n c i n g ,

d a r k n e s s .

M u s c u l o s

k e l e t a l i n j u r i e s

R i s k o f d r o w n i n g i n

e x t r e m e s

i t u a t i o n s

I m p a c t i n j u r i e s f r o m f a l l s

F R S p e r s o n n e l

N o n F R S p e r s o n n

e l

a s s i s t i n g a t o r i n c

l o s e

p r o x i m i t y t o i n c i d e

n t

T r a i n e d s t a f f

S u i t a b l e p e r s o n a l p r o t e c t i v e e q u i p m e n t t h a t

i n c l u d e s w a t e r s a f e t y e q u i p m e n t w h e r e

n e c e s s a r y

U s e i d e n t i fi e d ‘ S a f e R o u t e

s ’ f o r a c c e s s /

e g r e s s w h e r e p r a c t i c a b l e

P o r t a b l e l i g h t i n g

U s e o f c o r d o n s , w h e r e p r a c t i c a b l e , t o r e s t r i c t

a c c e s s / e g r e s s f o r m e m b e

r s o f t h e p u b l i c

D y n a m i c R i s k A s s e s s m e n

t .


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S u



2 . 5




d e v e l o p s

R e

f .

N o

.

A c t i v i t y

H

a z a r d

R i s k


k


2

W o r k i n g a t t h e s c e n e o f

r e s c u e

W

o r k i n g o n u n s t a b l e

g

r o u n d i n c l u d i n g , m u d ,

s

l u r r y , i c e o r g r a i n s a n d

p

o w d e r s

W

o r k i n g c l o s e t o

c

o l l a p s e d o r u n s t a b l e

s

t r u c t u r e s

C

o n fi n e d s p a c e w o r k i n g

M u s c u l o s

k e l e t a l a n d

c r u s h I n j u

r i e s

P o s s i b l e s u f f o c a t i o n

o r d r o w n i n g i n s e v e r e

s i t u a t i o n

S e v e r e c r

u s h i n j u r i e s -

p o s s i b l e d e a t h , c a u s e d

b y f a l l i n g

e l e m e n t s o f

s t r u c t u r e

e t c .

P o o r d e c i s i o n m a k i n g

R a p i d f a t i g u e p o t e n t i a l

f o r c l a u s t r o p h o b i a

l e a d i n g t o

s t r e s s t o

r e s c u e r e t c .



e l


l o s e


n t

( a s a b o v e )

A d e q u a t e p l a n n i n g t h a t i n c l u d e s :

T r a i n e d c o m p e t e n t s t a f f

i . e . t r a i n i n g t h a t

• m a y i n c l u d e g e n e r i c m a

n u a l h a n d l i n g a n d

o t h e r s p e c i fi c s p e c i a l i s e d t r a i n i n g w h e r e

n e c e s s a r y

S u i t a b l e p e r s o n a l p r o t e c

t i v e e q u i p m e n t t h a t

• i n c l u d e s w a t e r s a f e t y e q

u i p m e n t , d r y s u i t s

e t c , w h e r e n e c e s s a r y

C o m m a n d , c o n t r o l a n d

c o m m u n i c a t i o n s

• C o m p e t e n t s u p e r v i s i o n

• D e v e l o p m e n t o f d y n a m i c p l a n t o m a n a g e

• a n d r e d u c e r i s k

S u i t a b l e p e r s o n a l p r o t e c

t i v e e q u i p m e n t

• P r o v i s i o n o f s u i t a b l e w e l l m a i n t a i n e d

• e q u i p m e n t f o r t h e t a s k

C o r d o n i n g o f s i t e

•

A d e q u a t e p r e p l a n n i n g t h a t i n c l u d e s ; t r a i n e d

c o m p e t e n t s t a f f . S u i t a b l e a n d s u f fi c i e n t

e q u i p m e n t . E m e r g e n c y p l a n


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S u



2 . 5




d e v e l o p s

R e

f .

N o

.

A c t i v i t y

H

a z a r d

R i s k


k


C

o n t r a c t i o n o f a n i m a l

r e l a t e d d i s e a s e s

C o n t r a c t i o n o f z o o n o s i s

– a n i m a l r e l a t e d

i n f e c t i o u s

d i s e a s e s -

l e a d i n g t o

a c u t e

a n d c h r o n i c h e a l t h

c o n d i t i o n s

C r o s s c o n t a m i n a t i o n

b y i n f e c t e

d a n i m a l s k i n

( d a n d r u f f ) a n d s a l i v a o n

t o p e r s o n

a l p r o t e c t i v e

e q u i p m e n

t a n d o t h e r

e q u i p m e n

t



e l


l o s e


n t

S u i t a b l e p e r s o n a l p r o t e c t i v e e q u i p m e n t

S u i t a b l e l e v e l s o f s u p e r v i s i o n

C o n t i n u a l r e v i s i o n o f r i s k m

a n a g e m e n t p l a n

D y n a m i c m a n a g e m e n t o f

p o t e n t i a l k i c k i n g /

b i t i n g e t c . z o n e s

T r a i n i n g , I n f o r m a t i o n a n d S u p e r v i s i o n .


M i n i m u m n u m b e r s o f s t a f f

P r o f e s s i o n a l ( v e t e r i n a r y ) g u i d a n c e a n d

s u p p o r t a n d / o r , a n i m a l o w

n e r


S u i t a b l e c l e a n i n g o f p e r s o

n a l p r o t e c t i v e

e q u i p m e n t a n d o t h e r c o n t a m i n a t e d

e q u i p m e n t


19/27


S u



2 . 5




d e v e l o p s

R e

f .

N o

.

A c t i v i t y

H

a z a r d

R i s k


k


A

c t i o n s o f f r i g h t e n e d /

s

t r e s s e d a n i m a l s

W

o r k i n g a t h e i g h t

P

o o r l i g h t l e v e l s

M u s c u l o s

k e l e t a l i n j u r i e s

r a n g i n g f r

o m m i n o r

t o s e v e r e

( f r a c t u r e s

e t c ) c a u s e d b y i m p a c t

( k i c k s ) a n d b i t e s f r o m

d i s t r e s s e d a n i m a l

F a l l s r e s u

l t i n g i n i n j u r i e s

r a n g i n g f r

o m m i n o r t o

s e v e r e

P o o r d e c i s i o n m a k i n g

I n j u r i e s c a u s e d b y

m i s j u d g e m e n t d u e t o

l i m i t e d v i s

i b i l i t y



e l


l o s e


n t

( a s a b o v e )

( a s a b o v e )

D y n a m i c I d e n t i fi c a t i o n a n d

c o n t r o l o f k i c k a n d

b i t e z o n e s w h e r e p r a c t i c a b l e

S u i t a b l e fi r s t a i d p r o v i s i o n

R e s c u e r s t o r e m a i n o n d o

r s a l s i d e o f a n i m a l

w h e r e p r a c t i c a b l e

T r a i n i n g a n d s u p e r v i s i o n

S a f e s y s t e m o f w o r k i n c l u d i n g f a l l r e s t r a i n t /

a r r e s t s y s t e m s

S u i t a b l e a n d s u f fi c i e n t e q u

i p m e n t

N o m i n a t i o n o f S a f e t y O f fi c

e r w h e r e n e c e s s a r y

R o b u s t i n c i d e n t a n d s i t e m

a n a g e m e n t

P e r s o n a l t o r c h

P o r t a b l e l i g h t i n g



20/27


S u



2 . 5




d e v e l o p s

R e

f .

N o

.

A c t i v i t y

H

a z a r d

R i s k


k


S

e v e r e w e a t h e r

c

o n d i t i o n s

H

o t w e a t h e r w o r k i n g

W

o r k i n g n e a r w a t e r

W

o r k i n g n e a r t r a f fi c

r o u t e s

I n j u r i e s a n d f a t i g u e

c a u s e d b y s e v e r e

w e a t h e r

H e a t f a t i g

u e a n d

s u n b u r n

H y p o t h e r m i a f r o m

p r o l o n g e d w o r k i n g

i n w a t e r . P o s s i b l e

d r o w n i n g

i n e x t r e m e

s i t u a t i o n s

. C o n t r a c t i o n

o f w a t e r b

o r n e d i s e a s e s

I n a p p r o p r i a t e u s e o f

a u d i b l e w

a r n i n g d e v i c e s

o n a p p r o a c h t o i n c i d e n t

l e a d i n g t o

a n i m a l

d i s t r e s s / p

a n i c

I m p a c t i n j u r i e s f r o m

u n c o n t r o l l e d v e h i c l e s



e l

a s s i t i n g a t o r i n c l o s e


n t

( a s a b o v e )

( a s a b o v e )

( a s a b o v e )

W e l f a r e c o n s i d e r a t i o n s w h

e r e n e c e s s a r y e . g .

h o t d r i n k s e t c , i n c o l d w e a

t h e r , c o l d d r i n k s i n

h o t w e a t h e r

F r e q u e n t r e l i e f / c h a n g e o v e r o f p e r s o n n e l

I n a d d i t i o n t o t h e a b o v e , p

r o v i s i o n o f s u n

b l o c k c r e a m e t c . , w h e r e n

e c e s s a r y


A p p r o a c h i n g a p p l i a n c e s t o s t o p u s i n g a u d i b l e

w a r n i n g s a s s o o n a s i t i s s a f e t o d o s o

T r a f fi c c o n t r o l t o b e s e t u p

a s n e c e s s a r y

H i g h v i s i b i l i t y p e r s o n a l p r o

t e c t i v e e q u i p m e n t

L i a i s o n a n d a s s i s t a n c e f r o

m p o l i c e


21/27


S u



2 . 5




d e v e l o p s

R e

f .

N o

.

A c t i v i t y

H

a z a r d

R i s k


k


U

s e o f u n s u i t a b l e ( n o n

F

R S ) e q u i p m e n t

A

t t e m p t i n g r e s c u e w i t h

i n

s u f fi c i e n t r e s o u r c e s o r

s

k i l l s

W

e l l i n t e n t i o n e d b u t

i n

a p p r o p r i a t e o r

u

n d e s i r e d a c t i o n b y

a

n i m a l o w n e r s o t h e r

n

o n F R S p e r s o n n e l

E x c e s s i v e

n o i s e l e v e l s

f r o m f a r m

m a c h i n e r y

d i s t u r b i n g

s t r e s s e d

a n i m a l s

S u d d e n f a i l u r e l e a d i n g

t o i n j u r i e s

t o r e s c u e r s

a n d d i s t r e

s s e d a n i m a l

F a i l u r e o f

r e s c u e

a t t e m p t

P o t e n t i a l i n j u r i e s t o F R S

p e r s o n n e

l r a n g i n g f r o m

m i n o r t o s e v e r e

I n j u r i n g t h

e m s e l v e s a n d

i n t e r f e r i n g

/ r e d u c i n g

t h e e f f e c t i v e n e s s o f t h e

r e s c u e a c

t i v i t y

P o s s i b l e i n j u r i e s t o F R S

p e r s o n n e

l



e l


l o s e


n t

( a s a b o v e )

( a s a b o v e )

L o c a l ( d y n a m i c ) a s s e s s m e

n t t o b e m a d e a n d

m a n a g e d a s a p p r o p r i a t e

P r i m a r y u s e t o b e m a d e o

f F R S s e q u i p m e n t

a n d o n l y t r a i n e d c o m p e t e n t p e r s o n n e l t o

o p e r a t e s u c h e q u i p m e n t

I n c i d e n t C o m m a n d e r t o a s s e s s a n y o t h e r

e q u i p m e n t b e i n g c o n s i d e r e d

T r a i n i n g , i n f o r m a t i o n a n d s u p e r v i s i o n

E q u i p m e n t m a i n t e n a n c e , i n s p e c t i o n a n d

t e s t i n g

O n l y c o m p e t e n t ( o r c l o s e l y s u p e r v i s e d )

p e r s o n n e l t o b e i n v o l v e d i n r e s c u e a t t e m p t

R o b u s t i n c i d e n t m a n a g e m

e n t r e q u i r e d

e n s u r i n g o n l y a p p r o v e d i n d i v i d u a l s e n t e r r i s k

a r e a

U s e o f p o l i c e , w h e r e r e q u i r e d , t o c o n t r o l

s i t u a t i o n


22/27


S u



2 . 5




d e v e l o p s

R e

f .

N o

.

A c t i v i t y

H

a z a r d

R i s k


k


O

t h e r n e a r b y a n i m a l s

w

i t h e n h a n c e d e m o t i o n ,

s

i z e a n d w e i g h t s u c h

a

s : f e

m a l e s d e f e n d i n g

•

t h e i r y o u n g

i n t a c t ( n o n - c a s t r a t e d )

•

m a l e s ‘ d e f e n d i n g ’

t h e i r t e r r i t o r y

L i k e l y t o r e a c t a d v e r s e l y

l e a d i n g t o

d e f e n s i v e

a t t a c k s e t c .

I n c i d e n t d

e t e r i o r a t i o n



e l


l o s e


n t

S u c h p o t e n t i a l s c e n a r i o s t o b e i n c l u d e d i n

t r a i n i n g f o r s u c h e v e n t s

S u c h e v e n t s t o b e c o n s i d e r e d i n i n i t i a l

b r i e fi n g s w h e r e n e c e s s a r y

D R A t r a i n i n g .


23/27


S u



2 . 5




d e v e l o p s

R e

f .

N o

.

A c t i v i t y

H

a z a r d

R i s k


k


3

C o n t a c t w i t h i n h e r e n t

s i t e h a z a r d s

E

x p o s u r e t o o r

c

o n t a m i n a t i o n b y

h

a z a r d o u s s u b s t a n c e s

u

s e d , s t o r e d o r

d

a m a g e d i n t h e v i c i n i t y

o

f o p e r a t i o n s w h i c h m a y

i n

c l u d e :

v e t e r i n a r y m e d i c i n e s ,

•

a g r o c h e m i c a l s , s l u r r y ,

•

f u e l s o i l s e t c .

d a m a g e a s b e s t o s

•

r e l a t e d b u i l d i n g

m a t e r i a l s

L

o w l e v e l o v e r h e a d

p

o w e r s u p p l i e s

C o n t a m i n

a t i o n b y

v e t e r i n a r y

m e d i c i n e s

l e a d i n g t o

c h r o n i c

c o n d i t i o n s a n d p o s s i b l e

d e a t h

A c u t e a n d c h r o n i c

h e a l t h c o n d i t i o n s

c a u s e d b y e x p o s u r e

h e r b i c i d e s , p e s t i c i d e s

a s w e l l a s

o t h e r

a g r o c h e m

i c a l s a s w e l l

a s o t h e r r e s p i r a t o r y r i s k s

e t c .

R i s k o f e l e c t r i c a l b u r n s ,

s h o c k a n d p o s s i b l e

e l e c t r o c u t i o n



e l


l o s e


n t

T r a i n e d c o m p e t e n t s t a f f

S u i t a b l e l e v e l s o f s u p e r v i s i o n

S u i t a b l e p e r s o n a l p r o t e c t i v e e q u i p m e n t t h a t

i n c l u d e s c h e m i c a l p r o t e c t i o n m e a s u r e s w h e r e

n e c e s s a r y

P r o v i s i o n o f H a z m a t a d v i s

e r

P r o v i s i o n o f s a f e t y o f fi c e r w h e r e c o n s i d e r e d

n e c e s s a r y

P l a n n i n g

D R A t r a i n i n g

U s e o f c o r d o n s a s n e c e s s

a r y .


24/27


25/27


S u



2 . 5




d e v e l o p s

R e

f .

N o

.

A c t i v i t y

H

a z a r d

R i s k


k


6

R e l e a s i n g o f r e s c u e d

a n i m a l

F

r i g h t e n e d , s t r e s s e d

a

n i m a l r u n n i n g a m o k o r

s

t r u g g l i n g t o g e t f r e e ,

w

h e n n e a r t o b e i n g

r e l e a s e d

C

o n t r a c t i o n o f i n f e c t i o u s

d

i s e a s e s f r o m a n i m a l s –

p

a r t i c u l a r l y s h e e p

A r a n g e o

f i n j u r i e s

c a u s e d b y b e k i c k e d ,

g o r e d o r c r u s h e d

E n z o o t i c a b o r t i o n

I n d i v i d u a l s i n v o l v e

d

i n r e s c u e o r i n c l o

s e

p r o x i m i t y t o a n i m a l

P r e g n a n t w o m e n

T a c t i c a l r e s c u e p l a n s h o u l d i n c l u d e t h e

c o n t r o l l e d r e l e a s e o f r e s c u

e d a n i m a l s m a y

i n c l u d e t h e u s e o f h a l t e r o

r l e a d r o p e e t c i f

f e l t a p p r o p r i a t e , a s w e l l a s

i d e n t i fi c a t i o n o f

s u i t a b l e e g r e s s r o u t e f o r a

n i m a l , a s w e l l a s

t h o s e i n v o l v e d i n r e s c u e –

w h e r e n e c e s s a r y

G e n e r a l a w a r e n e s s a n d p o l i c y p r e v e n t i n g

p r e g n a n t o p e r a t i o n a l p e r s o n n e l f r o m

a t t e n d i n g i n c i d e n t s .

7

M a k i n g u p p r i o r t o

l e a v i n g i n c i d e n t

I n

a d e q u a t e

d

e c o n t a m i n a t i o n

P r o l o n g e d o r

e x t e n s i v e

e x p o s u r e t o

c o n t a m i n a n t s p o t e n t i a l l y

l e a d i n g t o

v a r i o u s

i l l n e s s e s o r c o n d i t i o n s


I n c i d e n t C o m m a n d e r t o e n s u r e t h a t

a p p r o p r i a t e l o c a l d e c o n t a m i n a t i o n i s

i m p l e m e n t e d i n c l u d i n g t h e

s u i t a b l e c l e a n i n g

o f p e r s o n a l p r o t e c t i v e e q u

i p m e n t .

8

L e a v i n g t h e s i t e

O

t h e r a n i m a l s e s c a p i n g

A

p p l i a n c e s l e a v i n g m u d

o

n r o a d s

L

a c k o f a d e q u a t e

s

i t e e g r e s s / t r a f fi c

m

a n a g e m e n t

E s c a p i n g

a n i m a l s

c a u s i n g r o a d t r a f fi c

c o l l i s i o n

E x c e s s i v e

m u d

d e p o s i t e d

o n h i g h w a y

c o n t r i b u t i n g t o r o a d

t r a f fi c c o l l i s i o n

A p p l i a n c e

s a c c e s s i n g

p u b l i c h i g

h w a y c r e a t i n g

h a z a r d s l e a d i n g t o r o a d

t r a f fi c c o l l i s i o n


P a s s i n g m o t o r i s t

E s c a p i n g l i v e s t o c k

A p p r o p r i a t e l e v e l o f d e c o n

t a m i n a t i o n t o b e

a s s e s s e d d y n a m i c a l l y . P r i o r t o l e a v i n g s i t e

R o b u s t m a n a g e m e n t o f t h

e c l o s i n g o f t h e

i n c i d e n t t o b e i m p l e m e n t e

d .


26/27


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2 . 5




d e v e l o p s

R e

f .

N o

.

A c t i v i t y

H

a z a r d

R i s k


k


9

T r a i n i n g o f F R S

p e r s o n n e l

L

a c k o f s u i t a b l e t r a i n i n g

M a y c a u s

e o t h e r w i s e

a v o i d a b l e

i n j u r i e s

F a i l u r e o f

i n t e n d e d t a s k

D a m a g e d

e q u i p m e n t

I n c i d e n t d

e t e r i o r a t i o n


O t h e r p e r s o n s i n t h e

v i c i n i t y

A l l p e r s o n n e l w h o e x p e c t e

d t o a t t e n d

s u c h i n c i d e n t s ( i n c l u d i n g t

h o s e w h o m a y

s u p e r v i s e s u c h i n c i d e n t s )

t o b e g i v e n t r a i n i n g

c o m m e n s u r a t e w i t h t h e i r r o l e .

1 0

P r o v i s i o n o f p e r s o n a l

p r o t e c t i v e e q u i p m e n t

L

a c k o f a d e q u a t e

o

r s u i t a b l e p e r s o n a

1787646 large animal rescues

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