18th Amendment

The Root - Temperance Movement

American Temperance Society

• The American Temperance Society was formed in 1826 and benefited from a renewed interest in religion and morality. Within 12 years it claimed more than 8,000 local groups and over 1,500,000 members

Temperance Movement and Female Activists

• The temperance movement existed alongside various women’s rights and other movements, including the Progressive movement, and often included the same activists such as Susan B. Anthony.

Prohibition

• A nationwide constitutional ban on the sale, production, importation, and transportation of alcohol beverages that remained in place from 1920 to 1933

Speakeasies, Bootleggers, Moonshiners and Rumrunners

Led to Organised Crime and Al Capone

• By 1927 he was earning some $60 million a year from bootlegging.

• His gang was like a private army. He had 700 men under his control andwas responsible for over 500 murders.

• ‘Valentine’s Day Massacre’ – Capone’s gang killed seven adversaries on Valentine’s Day

Appealed by 21st Amendment

• In 1933, widespread public disillusionment led Congress to ratify the 21st Amendment, which repealed Prohibition.

13th Amendment

Abraham Lincoln opposed slavery, but he had been elected on a platform that promised not to interfere with slavery within the slave states. During the Civil War, his primary aim was to save the Union.

• Lincoln first issued the Emancipation Proclamation in September 1862. It declared that all the slaves in the Confederacy were free (not those in the loyal border slave states).

The Reconstruction• The Civil War ended on April 9, 1865.

• Most of the land in the South was destroyed by the Civil War. The South would need to be rebuilt.

• This rebuilding of the South was called Reconstruction.

• The South also had to accept a ban on slavery.

The Slaves Are Free• With the ending of the

war, the slaves were now free.

• The 13th Amendment to the Constitution was passed.

• The 13th Amendment made slavery illegal forever in the United States.

But the Blacks were Still not Completely Free

• The Black Codes were laws passed by Southern states that limited the new-found freedom of African Americans.

• Black Codes forced African Americans to work on farms or as servants. They also prevented African Americans from owning guns, holding public meetings, or renting property in cities.

And Had to Face the Rise of KKK