18/02/20141 ©sustainable cities research institute conceptualising urban-rural linkages for...
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©Sustainable Cities Research Institute
Conceptualising Urban-RuralLinkages for Sustainable
Development
Bob EvansSustainable Cities Research Institute,
Northumbria University, UK
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When we think ‘rural’ we tend to imagine this...
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Instead of this.........
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And when we think ‘urban’ we might imagine this....
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Instead of this......
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Or even this........
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We all have well established preconceptions about our cities, towns and countryside.........but:
In both social and economic terms, European urban and rural areas are inextricably intertwined and interdependent
Moreover, they have much more in common than we tend to assume......
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Increasingly, there is little difference between urban and rural lifestyles in contemporary Europe...
FerdinandTönnies – Gemeinschaft und Gesellschaft (Community and Society)
Truly rural’ is rapidly vanishing from Europe
‘Urbs in rure’ and ‘Rures in Urbs’
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Figure 2: The Phases of Urbanisation
Phase 1: Slow Growth
Phase 2: Rapid Growth
Phase 3:No Growth, Suburbanisation and Ex-urbanism
Urban growth and urbanisation
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So, increasingly............
There are limited social differences between urban and rural localities
Urban and rural areas are economically interdependent
Urbanisation will slow and then reverse across Europe
Urban growth, suburbanisation and ‘sprawl’ will continue in the absence of containment policies or market pressure
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Sustainable Development and urban rural ‘linkages’
‘Sustainable city’ is an oxymoron
The city can only be understood in the context of its territorial situation
Sustainable development demands a focus upon locality
Sustainability means holistic, integrated and ‘horizontal’ approaches to problems
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So.....
The construct of an urban – rural dichotomy, and thenotion of ‘linkage’ between the two is not a helpfulway of addressing the challenge of sustainable development.
But....
How do we address this challenge?
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What all this implies is....
Urban containment and densification
Integrated territorial policy approaches
Political compacts based upon territory
Government structures and governance processes to deliver the above
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Bob EvansSustainable Cities Research Institute,School of the Built Environment,Northumbria University,Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
www.sustainable-cities.org.uk