18.3 Reform Under Taft

Objective

Evaluate the success of Taft as a Progressive President.

Bellringer

Who checks to see if your company is following labor laws?

Copy HW

• Read and take notes using one of our methods on 548-553

• Questions• What contributions did the Taft administration

make to reform?• What did T. Roosevelt accomplish through his

Square Deal?• How did the Galveston Hurricane help to

produce a new political structure for the cities?• What were the conditions like in the Middle

Passage?

Compare/Share HW

• Questions1. What did T. Roosevelt pledge to accomplish

with the Square Deal?2. What was the Wisconsin Plan?3. How did the many US cities increase

government efficiency while decreasing corruption?

4. What were the differences between the Federalists and Antifederalists?

C. Reform Under Taft1. Taft Takes Office

a. 1908 ElectionTaft (R) v. William Jennings Bryan (D)

b. Administration filed 90

antitrust suits

c. Mann-Elkins Act (1910) – ICC’s power extended

over the telephone

and telegraph

d. Pursued conservation –added to forest reserves

e. Dept. of Labor created

f. 16th amendment

passed (1913) –

national income tax

2. Taft Angers the Progressives

a. Taft signed the Payne Aldrich Tariff into law – very high tariffs– calls it the

“Best tariff bill ever passed..”

(Progressives liked low tariffs to stimulate competition from foreign companies to

reduce the monopoly’s power)

b. Ballinger – Pinchot Affair

1.) Ballinger sold Alaskan land

2.) Pinchot criticizes

3.) Taft warns him to stop

4.) Pinchot doesn’t and is fired

5.) result

a.) Republicans lose the House in 1910

b.) Taft makes an enemy of Teddy Roosevelt

c. T. Roosevelt campaigns against Taft and proposes a NEW NATIONALISM (fought forlaws to protect workers, ensure public health and regulate business)

3. The Republican Party Divides

a. Taft was neutral in the political battle between Joseph Canon (Speaker of the House and conservative Rep.) and Progressives (including George Norris)

b. T. Roosevelt wins the primaries of most states yet does not get the Republican nomination

c. Roosevelt decides to run as a 3rd party candidate – Progressive/Bull Moose

4. A Democratic Victory in 1912

a. Woodrow Wilson (D) =winner v. Taft (R) v.

Roosevelt (P)

b. Wilson’s program =New Freedom

1.) return to small businesses

2.) goal of reform = eliminate corruption

3.) supported the free market

Closure

p. 546 – Building Chart Skills