1920’s- 30’s- 1920’s- 30’s- Moving Towards WarMoving Towards War

Japan develops industry, military. Military Dictator Japan develops industry, military. Military Dictator takes over, wants empire. Takes Manchuria (N. China), takes over, wants empire. Takes Manchuria (N. China), then E ½ of China. League of Nations does nothingthen E ½ of China. League of Nations does nothing

Italy invades Ethiopia, calls for help ignoredItaly invades Ethiopia, calls for help ignored Germany ignores Treaty of Versailles, rebuilds army, Germany ignores Treaty of Versailles, rebuilds army,

occupies Rhinelandoccupies Rhineland Rome, Berlin, Tokyo Axis- military allianceRome, Berlin, Tokyo Axis- military alliance Spanish Civil War- Fascists send support defeat Spanish Civil War- Fascists send support defeat

democracy, practice wardemocracy, practice war Appeasement- League of Nations tries to avoid war, Appeasement- League of Nations tries to avoid war,

US is IsolationistUS is Isolationist

Hitler starts to take land- 1939Hitler starts to take land- 1939 Germany takes Austria, then Sudetenland, Germany takes Austria, then Sudetenland, Munich Conference- Chamberlain (Britain), Hitler is only Munich Conference- Chamberlain (Britain), Hitler is only

uniting Germans, promises not to take more landuniting Germans, promises not to take more land takes all of Czechoslovakia (calls for help ignored) takes all of Czechoslovakia (calls for help ignored) Non- aggression Pact- Soviets and Hitler (one front war)Non- aggression Pact- Soviets and Hitler (one front war)Sept- Invasion of Poland- Blitzkrieg- Britain, France Sept- Invasion of Poland- Blitzkrieg- Britain, France declare declare

war war Soviets take land lost in WWISoviets take land lost in WWI Phony war, wait for attack- (6 months)Phony war, wait for attack- (6 months)

19401940April- April- Hitler takes Denmark, Norway, Hitler takes Denmark, Norway, May- May- Belguim, Holland, NetherlandsBelguim, Holland, NetherlandsJune- June- FRANCE (goes around Maginot line, through FRANCE (goes around Maginot line, through

Ardennes)- Dunkirk, French evacuation- Vichy govt, S. of Ardennes)- Dunkirk, French evacuation- Vichy govt, S. of France controlled by NazisFrance controlled by Nazis

July Battle of Britain, air war, Luftwaffe vs. RAF- bombing cities, July Battle of Britain, air war, Luftwaffe vs. RAF- bombing cities, never invade, Churchill (prime minister)never invade, Churchill (prime minister)

Sept Italy attacks Egypt (Suez Canal) fight British back/ forth Sept Italy attacks Egypt (Suez Canal) fight British back/ forth across desert, Germany pulled in to help (General Rommel)across desert, Germany pulled in to help (General Rommel)

Germany attacks Balkans, S.E. Europe, Hungary, Bulgaria, Germany attacks Balkans, S.E. Europe, Hungary, Bulgaria, Romania join Axis, others fall to HitlerRomania join Axis, others fall to Hitler

19411941June Hitler invades Soviet Union, scorched earth policy, retreat June Hitler invades Soviet Union, scorched earth policy, retreat

500 miles, Germany caught in winter, Leningrad, Moscow500 miles, Germany caught in winter, Leningrad, MoscowThe US- previously Isolationism, Neutrality Acts, FDR (president The US- previously Isolationism, Neutrality Acts, FDR (president

Roosevelt) supports allies. Cash/ Carry, Lend/ Lease Acts provide Roosevelt) supports allies. Cash/ Carry, Lend/ Lease Acts provide supplies to allies, Meet w/ Churchill (Atlantic charter), supplies to allies, Meet w/ Churchill (Atlantic charter), Undeclared Naval warfare w/ Germany, economic sanctions on Undeclared Naval warfare w/ Germany, economic sanctions on JapanJapan

Total War- factories produce war supplies, women join work force, Total War- factories produce war supplies, women join work force, rationing, all supplies go to war effort, propaganda, govt control, rationing, all supplies go to war effort, propaganda, govt control, support for warsupport for war

Tide of War TurnsTide of War Turns19421942 US bombed at Pearl Harbor by Japanese, US bombed at Pearl Harbor by Japanese,

(Japanese want to get rid of US navy fleet in Pacific) (Japanese want to get rid of US navy fleet in Pacific) enters the war. enters the war. - fight and defeat Germany 1st in N. Africa- fight and defeat Germany 1st in N. Africa- Hitler invades USSR again, trapped by winter, - Hitler invades USSR again, trapped by winter, defeated at Stalingrad, USSR pushing Germany backdefeated at Stalingrad, USSR pushing Germany back

19431943 US, Britain invades Italy, Mussolini thrown outUS, Britain invades Italy, Mussolini thrown outJune 6, 1944 June 6, 1944 D-day- invasion of France, biggest in D-day- invasion of France, biggest in

History (Normandy, 3.5 million troops prepare) Push History (Normandy, 3.5 million troops prepare) Push through France, Belgium, Holland, Germany (Battle through France, Belgium, Holland, Germany (Battle of Bulge, Germans defeated)of Bulge, Germans defeated)

19451945 British, US, French, Soviets circle Berlin, British, US, French, Soviets circle Berlin, Hitler commits Suicide, surrender May 8. Hitler commits Suicide, surrender May 8.

Fighting in PacificFighting in Pacific1939-41 Japanese builds army, starts imperialism1939-41 Japanese builds army, starts imperialismDec 7, 1941- Pearl Harbor- Attack US pacific Naval Fleet- 18 ships Dec 7, 1941- Pearl Harbor- Attack US pacific Naval Fleet- 18 ships

sank, 350 planes, 2400 people died, 1700 wounded- War is sank, 350 planes, 2400 people died, 1700 wounded- War is Declared!! Declared!!

Japan wants total control of SE Asia, wants to get rid of US Japan wants total control of SE Asia, wants to get rid of US pacific fleet, wants Philippines, Guampacific fleet, wants Philippines, Guam

Dec 41-42- Japan takes Hong Kong, IndoChina, Malaya, Burma, Dec 41-42- Japan takes Hong Kong, IndoChina, Malaya, Burma, Thailand, Guam, Indonesia, Wake, Solomon Islands, New Guinea Thailand, Guam, Indonesia, Wake, Solomon Islands, New Guinea (150 million people)(150 million people)

Philippines, defeat US troops, Bataan Death MarchPhilippines, defeat US troops, Bataan Death March1942-431942-43 US stops them, Coral Sea, defeats them, Midway, pushes US stops them, Coral Sea, defeats them, Midway, pushes

them back, Island hopping, Douglas Macarthur (Guadalcanal)them back, Island hopping, Douglas Macarthur (Guadalcanal)19441944 retakes Philippines, destroys Japanese Navy, retakes Philippines, destroys Japanese Navy,

pushed back to home islands, prepare for attackpushed back to home islands, prepare for attack19451945 Avoid invasion death toll, drop atomic bombs, Avoid invasion death toll, drop atomic bombs,

Hiroshima, Nagasaki. War is overHiroshima, Nagasaki. War is over

HolocaustHolocaust

Anti- Semitism- Grew in Germany, Jews were Anti- Semitism- Grew in Germany, Jews were blamed for all of Germany’s problems. blamed for all of Germany’s problems.

1933- Nuremburg laws against Jews were passed. 1933- Nuremburg laws against Jews were passed. Nov 9, 1938- Kristallnacht- Nazis attacked Jews on Nov 9, 1938- Kristallnacht- Nazis attacked Jews on

the streets, in their homes and destroyed their the streets, in their homes and destroyed their businesses. Jews rounded up, sent to campsbusinesses. Jews rounded up, sent to camps

Hitler tries to deport Jews, no one will take themHitler tries to deport Jews, no one will take them Separates them in ghettosSeparates them in ghettos Sends them to work camps, 1933-1938Sends them to work camps, 1933-1938

Final SolutionFinal Solution

Genocide- systematic killing of a whole people Genocide- systematic killing of a whole people groupgroup

Targets poles, gypsies, homosexuals, disabled, Targets poles, gypsies, homosexuals, disabled, mentally ill, Jewsmentally ill, Jews

taken to isolated spots, gunned down, taken to isolated spots, gunned down, concentration camps become extermination concentration camps become extermination

camps, work to death, starved, sickness, shot, camps, work to death, starved, sickness, shot, hung, burned, gassed- 11 million killed, 6 hung, burned, gassed- 11 million killed, 6 million Jewsmillion Jews