1920s Jigsaw1920s Jigsaw

Chapter 21 section 1Chapter 21 section 1

A Republican DecadeA Republican Decade

Leading Politicians:Leading Politicians:

Warren G HardingWarren G Harding Calvin CoolidgeCalvin Coolidge Herbert HooverHerbert Hoover

Describe the Red ScareDescribe the Red Scare

An intense fear of communism and An intense fear of communism and other extreme ideas. other extreme ideas.

They feared this because they were They feared this because they were afraid the extreme ideas would take afraid the extreme ideas would take over the United States.over the United States.

Describe IsolationismDescribe Isolationism

A policy avoiding political or A policy avoiding political or economic alliances with foreign economic alliances with foreign countriescountries

U.S. does not want to get involved in U.S. does not want to get involved in foreign affairs. In WWI, we were foreign affairs. In WWI, we were catapulte into World affairs, we were catapulte into World affairs, we were horrified by outcomes of war & do horrified by outcomes of war & do not want the same thing to happen not want the same thing to happen again.again.

Identify by name & describe 2 Identify by name & describe 2 major labor strikesmajor labor strikes

Boston Police Strike: police officers Boston Police Strike: police officers did not get a raise, so in 1919, police did not get a raise, so in 1919, police officers went on strike. As a result, officers went on strike. As a result, there is no police force & riots result there is no police force & riots result across city.across city.

Steel & Coal Strike: steel workers in Steel & Coal Strike: steel workers in Indiana went on strike & U.S. steel Indiana went on strike & U.S. steel corp. used force to end the strike. corp. used force to end the strike. The workers were striking for a The workers were striking for a shorter work week & better payshorter work week & better pay

Identify by name & describe 2 Identify by name & describe 2 major labor strikes continuedmajor labor strikes continued

America is starting to look for better America is starting to look for better wages. They are fearing communist wages. They are fearing communist ideas that they believe will change ideas that they believe will change AmericaAmerica

Chapter 21 section 2Chapter 21 section 2

A Business BoomA Business Boom

How did the growth of a consumer economy How did the growth of a consumer economy change American life?change American life?

Why did American business boom in the Why did American business boom in the 1920s?1920s?

Americans were able to buy more Americans were able to buy more items instead of just necessities.items instead of just necessities.

In 1920’s can use credit of buying in In 1920’s can use credit of buying in full; buy now, pay later.full; buy now, pay later.

One of first times in history that wages One of first times in history that wages increase, as a result, people can buy increase, as a result, people can buy more; average wage rose 28%more; average wage rose 28%

Cost of living decreased.Cost of living decreased.

How did the growth of a consumer economy How did the growth of a consumer economy change American life?change American life?

Why did American business boom in the Why did American business boom in the 1920s?1920s?

ContinuedContinued People buying more allows industries People buying more allows industries to produce moreto produce more

People were buying more things People were buying more things because they had more moneybecause they had more money

How was the concept of buying How was the concept of buying on credit a reason for the on credit a reason for the

boom in the economy?boom in the economy? People can spend beyond their People can spend beyond their

meansmeans Can make payments over time rather Can make payments over time rather

than paying in full at time of than paying in full at time of purchase purchase

““keeping up with the Jones”keeping up with the Jones”

How did Henry Ford contribute How did Henry Ford contribute to the business boom?to the business boom?

He used the assembly line to make He used the assembly line to make carscars

By doing so, he created more jobsBy doing so, he created more jobs Made the process of car production Made the process of car production

much faster allowing for more cars to much faster allowing for more cars to be produced in shorter periods of be produced in shorter periods of timetime

Chapter 21 section 3Chapter 21 section 3

Women, Feminism, and Women, Feminism, and Progressive AmericaProgressive America

What was a suffragette, and What was a suffragette, and what role did they have in the what role did they have in the

20s?20s? Suffragette: women who wanted Suffragette: women who wanted

advancements in women’s rightadvancements in women’s right Role: they did not stop once they Role: they did not stop once they

gained the right to vote, they gained the right to vote, they continued to fight for equality in all continued to fight for equality in all areas, including the work forceareas, including the work force

What impact did women have What impact did women have on the 20s?on the 20s?

They did not care what men thought They did not care what men thought of themof them

Believed they did a good job on the Believed they did a good job on the home front during the war, and that home front during the war, and that they now deserved to be treated they now deserved to be treated equallyequally

Flapper imageFlapper image

Women preferred shorter dresses Women preferred shorter dresses and hairand hair

they drank and smoked in publicthey drank and smoked in public Wore make upWore make up Women were BOLDWomen were BOLD

Who was migrating & why?Who was migrating & why?

Reduction in European immigrants Reduction in European immigrants Increase in Mexican & Canadian Increase in Mexican & Canadian

immigrants coming to fill jobs for immigrants coming to fill jobs for lower wageslower wages

African Americans are leaving the African Americans are leaving the South in mass amounts to work in South in mass amounts to work in the North (Great Migration)the North (Great Migration)

What were the predominant What were the predominant sports of the 20’s?sports of the 20’s?

Boxing, tennis, swimming, golf, Boxing, tennis, swimming, golf, baseballbaseball

Baseball became popular because Baseball became popular because people did not need to be rich to people did not need to be rich to enjoy the sportenjoy the sport

Who were the important sports Who were the important sports figures of the 20’s?figures of the 20’s?

Jak Dempsey (boxing)Jak Dempsey (boxing) George Carpentier (boxing)George Carpentier (boxing) Babe Ruth (baseball)Babe Ruth (baseball) Gertrude Ederle (swimming)Gertrude Ederle (swimming)

Chapter 21 section 4Chapter 21 section 4

Music and Mass MediaMusic and Mass Media

What inventions impacted What inventions impacted music of the 20’s?music of the 20’s?

1927: first movie with sound1927: first movie with sound 1927: theaters turned to talkies1927: theaters turned to talkies Newspapers doubled in sizeNewspapers doubled in size 1920: first radio station1920: first radio station 1922: 500 radio stations reported1922: 500 radio stations reported

Discuss how Duke Ellington Discuss how Duke Ellington influence the music of the 20s?influence the music of the 20s? He was African AmericanHe was African American Played the piano & paintedPlayed the piano & painted Received scholarship to college but Received scholarship to college but

refused it to work at a club in New refused it to work at a club in New YorkYork

One of the founders of the Jazz One of the founders of the Jazz movementmovement

Describe the Jazz AgeDescribe the Jazz Age

2/3 of radio time devoted to Jazz2/3 of radio time devoted to Jazz 500 Jazz clubs in Harlem & Northern 500 Jazz clubs in Harlem & Northern

end of New York Cityend of New York City Jazz is very upbeat & reflective of the Jazz is very upbeat & reflective of the

cultureculture Sounds makes people want to dance Sounds makes people want to dance

& celebrate the here & now& celebrate the here & now Becomes an important form of Becomes an important form of

entertainmententertainment

Describe the new forms of Describe the new forms of mass media & their impact on mass media & their impact on

life in the 20slife in the 20s NewspapersNewspapers Movies Movies Birth of new literatureBirth of new literature paintingpainting

Define Lost generationDefine Lost generation

Group of writers who believed they Group of writers who believed they were lost in a greedy, materialist were lost in a greedy, materialist world where moral values were lostworld where moral values were lost

Define Harlem RenaissanceDefine Harlem Renaissance

Group of African American literary Group of African American literary awakening of the 1920’sawakening of the 1920’s

First time ever in history that African First time ever in history that African Americans were revered for talents Americans were revered for talents that white people did not havethat white people did not have

White individuals would travel to White individuals would travel to Harlem despite dangers of violence Harlem despite dangers of violence to see musicians & artiststo see musicians & artists

Chapter 21 section 5Chapter 21 section 5

Gangsters of the 20’s/ Gangsters of the 20’s/ Cultural ConflictCultural Conflict

Define ProhibitionDefine Prohibition

The outlaw of producing, selling, or The outlaw of producing, selling, or consuming alcoholic beverages; consuming alcoholic beverages; encourage by the Progressives in an encourage by the Progressives in an effort to make society bettereffort to make society better

What were “speakeasies?”What were “speakeasies?”

Illegal bars run by bootleggers that Illegal bars run by bootleggers that flourished in the citiesflourished in the cities

What led to the rise of What led to the rise of organized crime in the 20’s?organized crime in the 20’s?

Started with ProhibitionStarted with Prohibition To control & distribute alcoholTo control & distribute alcohol

Who was Al Capone & why is Who was Al Capone & why is he infamous?he infamous?

A young crime boss who murdered A young crime boss who murdered his way to the top of the organized his way to the top of the organized crime networkcrime network

Controlled almost every location in Controlled almost every location in ChicagoChicago

Federal gov’t could not prosecute Federal gov’t could not prosecute him because he controlled much of him because he controlled much of the police force through pay-offsthe police force through pay-offs

Summarize the main issues in Summarize the main issues in the Scopes Trialthe Scopes Trial

John T. Scopes believed humans John T. Scopes believed humans evolved over time from simple life evolved over time from simple life formsforms

Evolution contradicted creationism; Evolution contradicted creationism; therefore teaching evolution was therefore teaching evolution was bannedbanned

Trial was played over radioTrial was played over radio Scopes loses trial & teaching of Scopes loses trial & teaching of

evolution remained illegalevolution remained illegal

What role does the Klan have in the 20’s? What role does the Klan have in the 20’s? Why was there an increase in racial Why was there an increase in racial

tensions at this time?tensions at this time? African Americans migrated to the African Americans migrated to the

North and invadedNorth and invaded 100,000 increased to 4 million 100,000 increased to 4 million

membersmembers They attacked African Americans, They attacked African Americans,

Catholics, Jews, immigrants, and Catholics, Jews, immigrants, and othersothers