1988. station aloha (~4750m deep) hawaii ocean time-series (hot) october 1988 - present (260...
TRANSCRIPT
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1988
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Station ALOHA (~4750m deep)
Hawaii Ocean Time-series (HOT)October 1988 - present (260 cruises; ~10/yr)
25 years of HOT
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Station ALOHA (~4750m deep)
Hawaii Ocean Time-series (HOT)October 1988 - present (260 cruises; ~10/yr)
Mahalo nui loa to countless folks for their contributions to the successes of HOT and Station ALOHA
25 years of HOT NSFNOAAState of Hawaii (UH/SOEST)
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Quantifying the Surface Freshwater Flux at Station ALOHA
Roger Lukas*, Fernando Santiago-Mandujano*, Albert Plueddemann+, Robert
Weller+, Fred Duennebier*, Bruce Howe*
* U. Hawaii at Manoa + Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
Ocean Sciences Meeting 2014
R. Weller (WHOI)
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The ocean and the hydrological cycle
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Tradewinds – Harvesting Water and Heat From the Ocean
NOAA/OAR Ocean Reference Stations
Donating to the warm pool
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Precious Rains
Hawaii’s tenuous water resources
∫(E-P)dt
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WHOTS Rainfall and Evaporation
Sean Whelan (WHOI)
Rainfall –
Has small space-time scales
Not well-observed from space
Poorly represented in NWP model-reanalyses
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WHOTS and the hydrological cycle
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Winter Storms Interact with ITCZ
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WHOTS and the hydrological cycle
How stable and reliable are the trends estimated from limited observations?
Observations limited in duration and spatial extent; exponential rainfall distributions in space and time
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WHOTS Buoy Mixed Layer
See poster #2463 by McCoy et al., this session
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Multiple data sources and error characteristics
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December 5th, 2012 Rainfall EventMolokai NexRad
Station ALOHA
Molokai NexRAD
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HOT Cruise 248Shipboard Rain Gauges
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q prate
wind speed
wind direction
Surface salinity
SST
WHOTS-9 Buoy data
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Rainfall Rates from NexRAD
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December 5th, 2012 Rainfall Event
Hydrophone sound
before rainstorm
during rainstorm
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minutes from 08:50
Spectrogram for Dec 5th 2012
frequency(kHz) 15
20
5
10
0 15012060
db re 1µ Pascal
4728 m
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ALOHA Cabled Observatory
4728 m
17.5 KHz
10.5 KHz
4 KHz
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4 KHz
10.5 KHz
rainfallrate
rainfallrate
windspeed
windspeed
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17.5 KHz
rainfallrate
windspeed
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mm/hr max
min
TRMM rain radar
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TRMM Satellite Rainfall Estimates
5-day accumulation estimates
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Numerical Weather PredictionModel Rainfall for Station ALOHA
ECMWF
WHOTS-9
120
80
0
40
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Summary
• Measured rainfall in situ much larger than satellite, comparable to NexRAD weather radar
• Time-space variability of rainfall challenges freshwater budgets
• Bridging scales is crucial for satellite ground-truthing, and verification of NWP and climate models
• Related posters by Nystuen et al. (UW/APL); Poster by Monk et al. (BIOS); Poster by Yang et al. (UW)