199010 19926 19945 2. 2080 2090 200311 1. . 1.

2. (a) (b) (c) (d) (e) (f)

: 1(pollution prevention)

(a) (b) (c) d) (e)2(toxic use reductionTUR) TUR TUR

TUR(a)(b)(c)(d)(e) (f) 3(design for environmentDfE) DfE

1. 205070 2080 2090 2.170S02 1.6107t231 108t7 108t100023

1-1

3. () ()

() 11

(a)(ICPIC) (b) (c) (d) (e)

2080S02 ()

1-4

(1) (2) (3) (1) (2) (3)

. 1. ()

2. 3.

4. (1) (2) (3) (4)

5. (1) (2) (3) (4) 1.

2500kgt : 5kgt 35t t : 1t t 220kWh t : 130kWh t 99 B-027092601516

1-5 1t

1-6 1L 17

1-7 2. 3.2104 taCOD470ta 20.8 384t123.84 31.17

3. 4. (a)() (b)() .. 1. 2. . (1) (2)

1. 2.

4. 5. 6. 3.

() () (1)

(2) 35(3) (4)()

() 1. () () 2.

() ()

(2) ()(pHCODBOD5)()() (10h)

3. 2-122 2-1

2-2 22

4.a.,b.()c.d.()

5. () 3/() 1.

2. () //

3 108 8 6 l0 7 6 4 W1 10R1 10= W. R= W. R

3./ 4.

. () () 1.

()? ? ? ()? ? ? ? ? (??)? ??

2. ? ? ??? ? ? ? ?()?

? 3. (1)() ab

c(2 3(pay back period)(net present value)(internal rate Of return)()()

(3)

. () () 1.

2. .. ()

() 1. 2. 3.

4.

2 104 t 1.2104 t () 28104ta8 104t 20 104 t 1.98108 m3 aCO21.8 104t a CO2 1.44 104t a(5060)0.9 104t a 184 104t a

. 13

23 2-3

. 1. 3

3 3 23 2. (2-4)

2-4

3. (a)COD30(b)25 (a)COD65(b)25 COD10 COD8 20COD20

20t()30 252520203515COD15. () ()2421325

2-5

() 21426210

2-6

2-7 (kgt) 1852

2-8 (kgt)

2-9 (kgt)

2-10 (kgt)

() 215216

() 1. 2. (35) 3. () ;

; ; 4. 5.

6. CO2

(1) (210th)CO2CO2 1000t (2) 2500m311000m38104tFj8420 (3) (5060)

(4) 1500m31 (a)CODBOD (b)CODBOD90 (c) ()

. () 1021816211

2-11

() F1OF11F12 F5F9F14 F3F6F8F2F2 F7F13F4F4 F1F2F4F15F16212

2-12

F2F4F15 33213 2-13

() 280kg2104t 1600t250t2005

4.5473 1.570.2 0.50.80.5 456.64170.40. F2F4F15 ()(F2) 1

14.5BX013.57.58.5VV1:2.818BX01011VV()() (1) () (2) ()

(3) 175.2 2. 1:3.512.818BX0

214 2-14

t/t12.8 v/v1011 BX0 18t/t 5.4 0.6MPa

3. 215()182525(3550) 2-15 (tt)

48 64 5.4 6.6 10.3 14.5

4.(1) () ()() 68 8.6 6.4 8.2 18 32 175.2 24 10

(2)(P)() () () +21.8 ----- +15.6 () -28 +42.8 +26.6 +2.4 () 81.2(3)(F) n=8 33 =i/n 219 =(P-) 1957 (F)=P- 6162

(4)(N) N =1/F 2.84()(5)(NPV)I=7 j= 192.3(6)(1RR)32.85

() F2F4F15F2F4

.

.

. 1.

2. (1) () (2) (3)

(4) (5) () .

()()315 ()

. ()() 32

33

34

.()35

. 1. = 1500kgh1125kgh(11251500)X 100=75 2.

() 3. =100

.

() 1. []=[][] (31) (31) [][=[]+[] (32) (32)

(3-1)[]=[] (33) (3-2)[][]=[] (3-4) (3-4)kg/hmo1/h 2.

3. (1) 2kg25()7590(90)()90 36() 20.250.90.9=0.5kg 2-0.5=1.5kg

2kg=0.5kg+1.5kg 0.5kg=0.45kg+0.05kg 1.5kg=0.05kg+1.45kg 36 2) 70O150250kg C8H10+302C8H403+3H20 250106=2.358kmoi 2.358X70X3X150=7.43kmol=237.76kg 7.43X0.790.21=27.95kmol=27.95X28=782.63kg 2.358X 70X148=244.29kg 2.358X70X18X3=89.13kg (7.43-2.358X70X3)X 32=79.36kg 782.63kg

250X(1-70)=75kg 3-7 . ()()

TL(TORTOEHTOAC+TOL)=TOM=20Mi TLTORTOEHTOACTOLTOMOMii GB25878l

3-8

a)()QwrQwc (b)()()Qgg()Qpc (c)Qhs QsrQzcQch QsrQzcQch Qsr= Qzc+Qch Qch=0Qsr = Qzc

()() Qsr=Qwr+Qgg+Qhs Qzc=Qwr +Qpc+Qhs Qqr= Qwr+Qgg+QhsQqr= Qwr +Qpc+Qhs. () 1.

(1) = = (2) =/ = (3) = 2. ()()=100=Qyxl00Qgg QyxQyx()

(nw) nw ==Qyxl00QnyQny (ne) ne==(+) =(QscQhs)100Qqr= (QqrQss) 100QqrQqr 3 (ns) ns==(+) =Qhs100(Qgg+Qhs)

. ()()10.350.44kg()24503080kcal3000kcal(kWh)1()0.428kg3000kcal(KWh)1 ()860kcal 8603000=0.287 = lkg7000kcaikg0.85lkg70000.85=8235kcalkg

()650kcalkg0.721kg6500.72=900kcatkg.()3-9310

()

: :

V()C()E E=VC (41)(VC)>1 E=V-C>O (42) (42)(V-C)>0 E=(V-C)C>O (43)

(43)(V-C)C>O 3 1 =() =() 2

= 3. 4 5 a

=X100 b =X100 c =X100 d =X100() 6 = = ()()

7 () (T)==+=+ (E)=1T ()

()()4lK=100E=10A=55L=6

1 aFn()in b