Lena Ioannou

Companion

LaserD

UNIT 1 1

1 Welcome Back!

Reading1.1 lookforwardto(sth/-ing) (phr v) \ÆlUk

ÆfO…w´d t´\wait/hope for sth to happenJane is looking forward to going to Vienna with her parents this summer.

1.2 prepare(v) \prIÆpe´\

make or get sth readyI must prepare myself well for the Maths test tomorrow.lpreparation(n), preparatory(adj)

1.3 befondof(sth/-ing) (phr) \bi ÆfÅnd ´v\

to like sth or like doing sth very muchKate is very fond of music; she plays the piano and is now learning how to play the flute!l fondness(n)

1.4 foreign(adj) \ÆfÅrIn\

sth or sb that comes from another country, not your ownMost of the people living in this neighbourhood are foreign.l foreigner(n)

1.5 abit(phr) \´ ÆbIt\

a littleCan I have a bit of this chocolate cake? It looks delicious!

1.6 getstuck(phr) \get Æstøk\

be confused or unable to understand or think of sthJim didn’t do very well at the test; he got stuck and couldn’t think of anything to write.

1.7 attention(n) \´ÆtenSn\

care, concern, concentrationWhat did you want to talk to me about? I’m listening. You’ve got my full attention.lattentive(adj)

1.8 mention(v) \ÆmenSn\

refer to sth, bring sth up in a conversationRemember to mention to Jim that Helen called.

1. Welcome Back!1.9 ambition(n) \œm

ÆbISn\

a great hope/desire/aim for the futureStuart’s greatest ambition is to become a doctor to help children in poor countries.lambitious(adj)

Dictionary Corner1.10 afterall(phr) \ÆA…ft´r

ÆO…l\

an expression we use to support sth we have just said; in any case, in spite of everythingI don’t know where George is. After all, I’ve just got home.

Grammar Point 21.11 last(v) \lA…st\

continue, carry onIt was a long film; it lasted three hours. l lasting(adj)

1.12 revise(v) \rIÆvaIz\

study, read sth again in order to prepare for an examThe teacher has told us exactly what to revise for tomorrow’s test; it’s not much.l revision(n)

1.13 workout(phr v) \Æw‰…k ÆaUt\

think carefully about sth in order to decide what to doI can’t work out this Physics problem; can you help me, please?

1.14 annoying(adj) \´ÆnOIIN\

irritating, sth that disturbs you or makes you angryThey’re playing loud music next door and I can’t get any sleep; it’s very annoying! lannoy(v), annoyed(adj), annoyance(n)

1.15 joke(n) \dZ´Uk\sth funny that you say and it makes people laughWe always laugh when Jim is around; he tells us the best jokes.l joke(v)

2 UNIT 1

1 Welcome Back!

Listening1.16 cause(v) \kO…z\

to make sth happenDiana left the restaurant early; the food caused her a bad stomach ache.lcause(n)

Grammar Point 21.17 onthewhole(phr) \Ån D´

Æh´Ul\

generallySome people didn’t come to the party and there were problems with the music but, on the whole, we had a good time.

1.18 doubt(v) \daUt\to think that something is unlikely I doubt that Henry will come to the beach with us; he doesn’t like swimming. ldoubt(n)

Opp.: believe

1.19 academic(adj) \Æœk´ÆdemIk\

related to schools and collegesLuke has always wanted an academic career; it’s no surprise he’s a professor at the University of Athens.lacademically(adv )

1.20 qualification(n) \ÆkwÅlIfIÆkeISn\

skillVera finished school four years ago but doesn’t have any qualifications; it will be extremely difficult for her to find a job.

Dictionary Corner1.21 break(n) \breIk\

pauseYou look tired; why don’t you take a break and have something to eat? You can continue later.

1.22 report(n) \rIÆpO…t\

a written account/record of a student’s progress at schoolSusan’s report is excellent; she has A’s in all the subjects.l report(v)

1.23 varied(adj) \Æve´rId\

sth that is varied consists of different thingsHis talents and interests are varied; he’s good at music and sports and he’s going to study film direction.lvary(v), variation(n), variety(n)

1.24 progress(n) \Æpr´Ugres\

the process of becoming better; development, improvementPeter has made great progress at school since last term; all the teachers are very pleased with him.lprogress(v)

Soundstation1.25 pill(n) \pIl\

tabletMy grandmother has high blood pressure and takes a pill every morning.

1.26 peel(v) \pi…l\to remove the skin of a fruit or vegetableLet me help you prepare lunch; I can peel the potatoes.

1.27 grin(v) \grIn\smile broadlyCelia grinned at the cute little girl who was staring at her from across the room.lgrin(n)

1.28 lid(n) \lId\the top of a box, bottle, etc which you remove in order to open the box, bottle, etcThe lid was so tightly fixed that Martha couldn’t open the bottle; so she asked Martin to open it for her.

1.29 lead(v) \li…d\to walk in front of sb in order to show the wayThe police dogs led the way into the woods and the men followed on foot.l leader(n)

1.30 filling(n) \ÆfIlIN\

the material a dentist puts in the hole of a toothFiona’s teeth were in a rather bad condition and she had to have three fillings.lfill(v)

UNIT 1 �

1 Welcome Back!

1.31 chick(n) \tSIk\a baby bird Six new chicks came out of their eggs yesterday.

1.32 cheek(n) \tSi…k\one side of our face Look at Bertha and Nick; they’re dancing cheek to cheek.

Use Your English1.33 telepathy(n) \t´

Ælep´Ti\

the ability to communicate with sb without talking or writing to themDo you expect me to know what you want by telepathy? If you don’t tell me, I can’t know.l telepathic(adj)

1.34 jet-propulsion(n) \ÆdZet pr´ÆpølSn\

the power that moves sth (a vehicle) forward at great speed using hot air and gasesJet-propulsion planes are very useful to a country’s air force; they cover long distances in no time!

1.35 getthehangofsth/(-ing)(phr) \get D´ ÆhœN ´v ÆsømTIN\understand how to do sthTake your time to learn the new computer game; when you get the hang of it, you’ll be an expert.

1.36 efficient(adj) \IÆfISnt\

be able to do sth successfully, effectiveTina is a very efficient employee; she gets more work done than all the other secretaries.lefficiency(n), efficiently(adv)

Opp.: inefficient

1.37 effective(adj) \IÆfektIv\

sth that is effective works well and has the results you wantedAerobics is a very effective method of exercising; you get fit quite quickly.leffect(n), effectively(adv), effectiveness(n)Opp.: ineffective

1.38 surgery(n) \Æs‰…dZ´ri\

operationThe doctor performed laser surgery on the patient which was very successful.l surgeon(n)

Writing1.39 stayintouch(phr) \ÆsteI In

ÆtøtS\

maintain contact with sb by writing or talking to them regularlyNowadays with e-mails it’s easy to stay in touch with all your friends no matter where they are in the world.

1.40 express(v) \IkÆspres\

show what you think and feelIt’s good for you to express your feelings; don’t keep everything inside.lexpression(n), expressive(adj)

1.41 haveagoodchanceof(-ing)(phr) \hœv ´ ÆgUd

ÆtSA…ns ´v\

be likely to do sth, it is possible that you will be able to do sthIan has studied very hard for the English test; I think he has got a very good chance of getting an A.

1.42 loadsof(phr) \Æl´Udz ´v, Åv\

a lot of, lots ofDon’t disturb me, please! I’ve got loads of homework for tomorrow and it’s 9 o’clock already!

Workbook1.43 takeanexam(phr) \ÆteIk ´n Ig

Æzœm\

be tested on sthTomorrow Jerry is taking the English language exam and he’s extremely nervous.

1.44 age(n) \eIdZ\period of timeTom doubts that the age of robots the way we see it in films will ever come.

1.45 signup(phr v) \ÆsaIn Æøp\

agree officially to do a course or a jobAshley has signed up for the tree planting in the local park on Sunday.

1.46 series(n) \ÆsI´ri…z\

a number of things one after the otherIt wasn’t just one thing but a series of problems that made Joanne decide to find her own place and live alone.

1.47 receive(v) \rIÆsi…v\

get sth that sb has sent youThere seems to be a problem with my e-mail; I can’t send or receive any messages.

� UNIT 1

1 Welcome Back!

1.48 whenever(conj) \wenÆev´\

any timeI’m home all day; you can come by whenever you want.

1.49 join(v) \dZOIn\become a member of a group or team We’re going to the cinema; would you like to join us?

1.50 chat(n) \tSœt\talk, conversationCorina seems very nice; we had a very pleasant chat at the café and talked about a million things.lchatty(adj)

1.51 lonely(adj) \Æl´Unli\

when you feel lonely you feel that you are alone, without any friends, lonesomePedro feels lonely in the new town; he misses all his old friends.l loneliness(n)

1.52 access(v) \Æœkses\

be allowed to use, see or enterOnly scientists have access to this area of the factory.laccess(n)

1.53 website(n) \ÆwebÆsaIt\

information about sth in particular which you can find on the InternetHow are you going to access this website? You need a password to do that.

UNIT 2 �

2 The Weird and the Unexplained

2. The Weird and the UnexplainedGet Warmed Up!2.1 weird(adj) \wI´d\

strangeI had a very weird dream last night; I dreamt that I could fly like a bird.lweirdly(adv), weirdness(n)

Opp.:ordinary

2.2 ghost(n) \g´Ust\the spirit of a dead personEveryone is afraid to go into that house; people say there are ghosts living in there.

Reading2.3 fearless(adj) \

ÆfI´l´s\

brave, courageousI don’t believe you’re so fearless; we’re all afraid of something.l fear(n), fearlessly(adv)

2.4 investigate(v) \InÆvestIÆgeIt\

examine, inspect, look intoThe reporter is investigating what caused the road accident.l investigation(n), investigator(n)

2.5 case(n) \keIs\situation, eventMr Paltron’s house was broken into last night; the police are investigating the case and, who knows, maybe they’ll catch the thieves.

2.6 UnidentifiedFlyingObject(UFO)(phr) \ønaIÆdentIfaId ÆflaIIN

ÆÅbdZIkt\

a flying saucer which people believe comes from another planetI don’t believe Jacob’s story about the UFO; he’s always telling us stories about UFOs.

2.7 governor(n) \Ægøv“´‘n´\

the politician in charge of a state, leader, chiefThe governor is giving an interview on CNN tonight; I’d like to watch it.lgovern(v)

2.8 bright(adj)\braIt\shining, glowingYou shouldn’t look straight at the sun; its light is very bright and it might blind you.lbrightness(n), brightly(adv), brighten(v)Opp.:dark

2.9 glow(v) \gl´U\shine, brighten, produce a steady light Jenny’s face is glowing tonight; it shows how happy she is that she’s been accepted to Oxford University.lglowing(adj)

2.10 circular(adj) \Æs‰…kjUl´\

sth in the shape of a circle, roundThere was a picture of a house in the magazine whose rooms were all circular; there were no corners at all.lcircle(n)

2.11 amazed(adj) \´ÆmeIzd\

surprised, astonishedI was amazed to see that the sequel of The Lord of the Rings was even better than the first part; I really liked it.lamaze(v), amazing(adj), amazingly(adv)

2.12 further(adv) \Æf‰…D´\

at a greater distance, fartherGo straight ahead and you’ll see the church a little further down on your right.

2.13 officially(adv) \´ÆfIS´li\

formally, approved by sb in authorityJames is now officially vice president of the company; he signed the contract yesterday.lofficial(adj)

Opp.: unofficially

2.14 report(v) \rIÆpO…t\

state, tell, inform sb ofKate reported her motorbike stolen yesterday morning and the police have just called to say that they have found it.l report(n)

� UNIT 2

2 The Weird and the Unexplained

2.15 sighting(n) \ÆsaItIN\

the occasion on which you see sth unusualI don’t understand why there are more UFO sightings in the USA than in any other part of the world.l sight(n)

2.16 disbeliever(n) \ÆdIsbIÆli…v´\

opponent, sb who is against an idea/view, etcDon’t talk to him about aliens and life on other planets; he’s a disbeliever.ldisbelieve(v)

Opp.: believer

2.17 tyre(n) \ÆtaI´\

thick piece of rubber fitted on the wheel of a car or bicycleWe got a flat tyre on our way here; that’s why we’re so late.

2.18 creature(n) \Ækri…tS´\

any living thing apart from plantsWhales are the largest creatures that live in water.lcreate(v)

2.19 grab(v) \grœb\catch, take hold of sth suddenlyThe man on the motorbike grabbed my handbag and rode off before I could say or do anything.

2.20 lizard(n) \ÆlIz´d\

a reptile which has short legs and a tailThere are all sorts of creatures living in her back garden; there are even some lizards.

2.21 shake(v) \SeIk\tremble, making small quick movements with your body without moving from where you areShe was so scared during the earthquake, she was shaking like a leaf.

2.22 scratch(n) \skrœtS\a small cut on sth (eg our skin)The little boy started crying loudly even though he wasn’t badly hurt; it was only a small scratch.l scratch(v)

2.23 bizarre (adj) \bIÆzA…\

weird, strangeI’m absolutely certain I turned off the lights before I left; and now they’re on. How bizarre!

2.24 flightengineer(n) \Æf laIt endZIÆnI´\

the person whose job is to make sure that the engines of an aircraft function properly while in flightLuke has always been in love with planes but couldn’t be a pilot because of his short sight; so he became a flight engineer.

2.25 crewmember(phr) \Ækru… Æmemb´\

one of the people who work on an aircraft and who is not an officerThe crew members of this airline are all very kind and very helpful; we really enjoyed our flight.

2.26 claim(v) \kleIm\have the view/opinionDiane claims she can speak eight foreign languages but I think she’s lying.lclaim(n)

2.27 take-off(n) \ÆteIk ÆÅf\

the beginning of a flightPassengers on a plane need to have their seatbelts fastened during take-off and landing.

2.28 flightattendant(n) \Æf laIt ´Ætend´nt\

a crew member that looks after the passengers on an aircraftMarianne worked as a flight attendant before she got married; then she couldn’t go on travelling around the world all the time.

2.29 vanish(v) \ÆvœnIS\

disappearThe man in the garden vanished before I had the chance to go and ask him what he wanted.

Opp.: appear

2.30 cancel(v) \Ækœnsl\

if you cancel sth that was arranged to take place, you stop it from happeningThe day is rainy; I think we’ll have to cancel our picnic in the woods.lcancellation(n)

2.31 (be)onboard(phr) \Ån ÆbO…d\

be on board a plane means that you are on the planeAll the passengers were on board the plane when suddenly the pilot announced that the police needed to search the plane for a bomb.

UNIT 2 �

2 The Weird and the Unexplained

2.32 odd(adj) \Åd\strange, unusualMary has always liked going out but for the past few months she hasn’t been out of the house; isn’t that odd?loddly(adv), oddness(n)

2.33 incident(n) \ÆInsId“´‘nt\

event, sth that happensGreg doesn’t know what to make of all these unlucky incidents; yesterday his car was stolen, this morning his restaurant was broken into.

2.34 simmer(v) \ÆsIm´\

boil gentlyLet the tomato sauce simmer for a few minutes.

2.35 stove(n) \st´Uv\a stove heats a roomIt was a very cold night and the family were all sitting around the stove.

2.36 hut(n) \høt\a very small house made of wood, mud or stonesThey spent the night in a small fishermen’s village which had no electricity and they slept in a hut.

2.37 track(n) \trœk\footprint, marks left on the ground by the feet of people or animalsThe hunters followed the tracks of the wild animal; they thought it was a lion. l track(v)

2.38 massive(adj) \ÆmœsIv\

big, huge, enormousThere were massive air attacks on Iraq during the war; it was awful.lmass(n), massively(adj)

2.39 trace(n) \treIs\a sign that shows that sb has been in a place; track, footprintWe’ve called all her friends; no one seems to know where she is; there’s no trace of her.l trace(v)

2.40 tribe(n) \traIb\a group of people of the same raceThe people of one particular tribe in central Africa were very friendly to the team of environmental scientists.l tribal(adj)

2.41 witness(n) \ÆwItn´s\

a person who sees an event as it happensAnn was witness to a bad car accident that happened near her house.lwitness(v)

2.42 terrify (v) \Æter´faI\

scare, frightenJust the thought of seeing a ghost terrifies me!l terrified(adj), terrifying(adj), terror(n)

Dictionary Corner2.43 magician(n) \m´

ÆdZISn\

a person who does magic tricksThe magician did this well-known trick with the rabbit jumping out of his hat.lmagic(n)

2.44 occur(v) \´Æk‰…\

happen, take placeEvery time something like that occurs, I feel completely helpless. loccurrence(n)

Grammar Point 12.45 flash (n) \f lœS\

We saw a flash of lightning in the distance and we knew that a bad storm was approaching.

Dictionary Corner2.46 bewideawake(phr) \bi ÆwaId ´

ÆweIk\

be fully awake, not sleepingVera was wide awake the whole night; that’s why she’s so sleepy this morning.

2.47 befastasleep(phr) \bi ÆfA…st ´Æsli…p\

be sound asleep, in deep sleepHe’s fast asleep; nothing can wake him up now.

2.48 haveahightemperature(phr) \hœv ´ ÆhaI

ÆtemprItS´\

have a high feverWhy don’t you go to a doctor? You look like you have a very high temperature.

� UNIT 2

2 The Weird and the Unexplained

2.49 anarrowescape(phr) \´ Ænœr´U IÆskeIp\

when sb has a narrow escape, they come close to having a very bad experience. The truck was coming towards them at great speed but Tom turned the car at the last minute and avoided it; it was a narrow escape.

2.50 distant(adj) \ÆdIst´nt\

farawayMaybe people will be able to live on Mars some time in the distant future.ldistance(n)

Opp.: nearby

2.51 takeashortcut(phr) \ÆteIk ´ ÆSO…t køt\

taking a quicker way in order to get somewhereThe motorway was extremely busy so we took a short cut through a small town.

2.52 inslowmotion(phr) \In Æsl´U Æm´USn\

move or be shown much more slowly than normalThe scene of the combat in the film was shown in slow motion and this created even more suspense; it was brilliant!

2.53 inadeepvoice(phr) \In ´ Ædi…p ÆvOIs\

in a low voiceHis deep voice was very calming and his advice particularly helpful; it was exactly what I needed.

2.54 beinbigtrouble(phr) \bi In ÆbIg Ætrøbl\

if sb is in big trouble, they have problems because they have done sth wrongIf the teacher finds out it was you who scratched his car, you will be in big trouble.

2.55 woods(n) \wUdz\forestWe took a nice walk through the woods.

2.56 panic(-panicked,panicking)(v) \ÆpœnIk\

to have a sudden strong feeling of fear or worry and be unable to think clearlyThere’s no need to panic; I’ll help you clean up the mess before your mother returns.lpanic(n)

2.57 clap(v) \klœp\applaudThe school play was very successful and everybody clapped at the end.

Soundstation2.58 bin(n) \bIn\

a metal container in which we throw rubbishThis bin is for recycled paper; the other one is for glass.

2.59 bean(n) \bi…n\a kind of seedHarry only likes beans in a salad; he hates bean soup.

2.60 fist(n) \fIst\a hand with the fingers and thumb held in towards the palmPeter got so angry with him that he clenched his fists and was ready to hit him.

2.61 feast(n) \f i…st\festival, celebration, dinnerIt was a great feast with lots of food, music and dancing; everybody had a good time.l festive(adj)

2.62 lip(n) \lIp\our two lips are the edges of our mouthCelia is very beautiful; she’s got long black hair, green eyes, an upturned nose and full lips.

2.63 leap(v) \li…p\jumpThe stream wasn’t very wide; you could easily leap from one side to the other.

2.64 sill(n) \sIl\a kind of shelf at the bottom of a windowThe plant in the pot on the window sill is growing very fast; I suppose it’s because of all the sunlight it gets.

2.65 seal(n) \si…l\large animal that lives in cold seas and eats fishThere was a documentary on TV about seals; it seems that the sounds they make are their special way of communicating.

2.66 mill(n) \mIl\grinder, crusherThere are many small traditional mills all over the island of Mykonos.

UNIT 2 �

2 The Weird and the Unexplained

2.67 wheel(n) \wi…l\a moving circular object; cars, bicycles etc have wheelsThe wheel was mankind’s first and most important invention.

2.68 din(n) \dIn\a loud noiseClose the windows, please! How am I supposed to work with all this din?

2.69 dean(n) \di…n\a person in charge of a universityThe dean decided to grant two scholarships this year; the applications have to be sent in by the end of next month.

2.70 hill(n) \hIl\a very small mountainGeorge is in bad shape; by the time they reached the top of the hill he was out of breath.lhillside(n), hilltop(n)

2.71 heel(n) \hi…l\the back part of out footAchilles’ weak point was his heel.

Use Your English2.72 carryout(phr v) \Ækœri

ÆaUt\

when you carry out a task, you do it; when you carry out orders, you follow themSoldiers have to carry out orders without questions.

2.73 experiment(n) \IkÆsperIm´nt\

test, examinationChemistry class is very interesting; we have our lesson in the school’s lab where we carry out different experiments.lexperiment (v), experimental(adj)

2.74 invisible (adj) \InÆvIz´bl\

that which cannot be seenYears ago, there was a series on TV about a chemist who became invisible and no one could see where he was.

Opp.: visible

2.75 scientist(n) \ÆsaI´ntIst\

a person whose job is to study and do research in scienceAlbert Einstein was a great scientist but a little forgetful; once he couldn’t remember his address.l science(n), scientific(adj)

2.76 cover (v) \Ækøv´\

put sth over sth else in order to hide it or protect itThe wind was blowing so hard that she covered her eyes with her hands to protect them from the dust.lcover(n)

2.77 fog(n) \fÅg\thick cloudBob couldn’t see clearly because of the fog so he drove into the car in front of him.l foggy(adj)

2.78 fallill(phr) \ÆfO…l ÆIl\

become sickAlex has fallen ill; that’s why he hasn’t come to work since Tuesday.

2.79 gowrong(phr) \g´U ÆrÅN\

when sth doesn’t work out the way you wantSissy was afraid that something might go wrong with the presentation at work but in the end her boss was very pleased.

2.80 deny(v) \dIÆnaI\

claim that sth is not trueLittle Joy denied having broken the vase; she blamed it all on the cat.ldenial(n)

Opp.: admit

Writing2.81 disastrous(adj) \dI

ÆzA…str´s\

terrible, tragic, devastating, catastrophicThe last earthquake in Turkey was disastrous; many houses fell apart and many people were killed.ldisaster(n)

2.82 gaze(v) \geIz\stare, look steadily at sth for a long timeShe was gazing at the sea and didn’t hear me calling her name.lgaze(n)

2.83 glance(v) \glA…ns\look at sth very quickly, glimpseShe glanced at my outfit and didn’t say a word; this girl is jealous of everybody.lglance (n)

10 UNIT 2

2 The Weird and the Unexplained

2.84 reply(v) \rIÆplaI\

answerIan sent some job applications last week and today one company replied that they want him for a job interview.l reply (n)

2.85 state(v) \steIt\say sth in a formal wayThe mayor stated that they are going to spend more money on making parks and planting trees. l statement(n)

2.86 suggest(v) \s´ÆdZest\

propose, advise, implyJason suggested going to a Chinese restaurant tonight. Are you coming?l suggestion(n)

2.87 tiny(adj) \ÆtaIni\

very smallHow can five people live in this house? It’s tiny!

Opp.: huge

2.88 whisper(v) \ÆwIsp´\

say sth very quietlyWhy are you whispering? It’s just the two of us here.lwhisper(n)

Opp.: shout

2.89 unconscious(adj) \ønÆkÅnS´s\

not having one’s sensesSomebody came from the back, hit him on the head and he fell down unconscious; later he saw that all his money was gone.lunconsciousness(n), unconsciously(adv)Opp.:conscious

2.90 keep(-ing)(v) \ki…p\do sth repeatedly Why do you keep making that sound when you know it’s driving me crazy?

Checkpoint 1-22.91 roof(n) \ru…f\

the top part of a houseThere was a leak from the roof but he managed to repair it himself.

Workbook2.92 downstairs(adv) \ÆdaUn

Æste´z\

on the ground floor or on a lower floorThe house is quite big; there’s a kitchen, a bathroom and a big living room downstairs and three bedrooms and a bathroom upstairs.

Opp.:upstairs

2.93 dressinggown(phr) \ÆdresIN ÆgaUn\

something you wear over your pyjamasShe heard the doorbell in the middle of the night so she answered the door in her dressing gown.

2.94 beat(v) \bi…t\when our heart beats, it makes regular rhythmic movement and soundMy heart was beating fast as we were all waiting to hear who the winner of the singing contest was; it was me! I couldn’t believe it!

2.95 makeone’sway(phr) \ÆmeIk wønz ÆweI\

go somewhereAfter a seven-hour walk on the mountain, we made our way back to the hotel as we were all exhausted.

2.96 figure(n) \ÆfIg´\

the shape of sb’s body that we cannot see clearlyJake saw a figure in the dark and thought it was his brother but he was wrong.

2.97 breakout(phr v) \ÆbreIk ÆaUt\

begin suddenlyA fire broke out in the building but, luckily, the fire brigade came only seconds later and put it out.

2.98 powerful(adj) \ÆpaU´f l\

strong, impressive, convincingHe is one of the richest and most powerful men in the country.lpowerfully(adv)

Opp.:powerless(adj)

2.99 nightmare (n) \ÆnaItÆme´\

a very bad dreamThe boy woke up crying because he had a nightmare but his mother calmed him down after a while.

UNIT 2 11

2 The Weird and the Unexplained

2.100move(v) \mu…v\go to live in a different houseHer father has got a job in another city so the whole family will move.

2.101mushroom(n) \ÆmøSru…m\

a kind of plant (fungus) that we eatBe careful when you pick mushrooms because some kinds are poisonous.

2.102spaceship(n) \ÆspeIsÆSIp\

spacecraft, a vehicle in which we can travel in spaceNick doesn’t like films with spaceships, aliens and things like that; he likes comedies.

2.103cave(n) \keIv\a large hole in the side of a hill or undergroundThey thought they could explore the cave and got lost; they were lucky, though, because the local people managed to find them after a few hours.

12 UNIT �

� The Law’s the Law

Get Warmed Up!3.1 law(n) \lO…\

a rule that organises and controls our societyIt is against the law to steal.l lawyer (n)

3.2 commitacrime(phr) \k´ÆmIt ´ ÆkraIm\

do sth which is against the lawIn the end the man proved to be innocent; he had committed no crime.

Reading3.3 illegal(adj) \I

Æli…gl\

sth that is illegal, is against the law, unlawful, forbiddenIt is illegal to exceed the speed limit; if you’re caught, you’ll have to pay a fine.l illegally

Opp.:legal

3.4 mincepie(phr) \ÆmIns ÆpaI\

a kind of traditional Christmas sweet with dried fruitMy grandmother makes the best mince pie you have ever tasted; you have to try it!

3.5 beunderarrest(phr) \bi Æønd´r ´Ærest\

to be taken to the police station because the police believe you have committed a crimeJoe called; he’s under arrest and he’s at the police station at the moment. Hurry up!

3.6 murder(n) \Æm‰…d´\

the killing of another human beingThe film was very violent with a lot of murders happening; don’t let the children watch it.lmurderer (n)

3.7 burglary(n) \Æb‰…gl´ri\

the act of stealing things from a building (eg a house, an office, etc), robbery, theftDo you see this man in the picture? He’s wanted by the police for at least ten burglaries in this neighbourhood.

lburglar(n)

3.8 shoplifting(n) \ÆSÅpÆlIftIN\

the act of stealing things from a shopA famous American actress was arrested for shoplifting some years ago. l shoplift (v), shoplifter(n)

3.9 guess(n) \ges\prediction, hypothesisI’ve got a surprise for you, I won’t tell you a thing! Try to guess!lguess(v)

3.10 bekeenon(-ing)(phr) \bi Æki…n Ån\

want to do sth very muchMichael is keen on mountaineering; he’s away almost every weekend.

3.11 highway(n) \ÆhaIÆweI\

a main road that connects two citiesYou can’t enjoy the landscape when you’re on the highway because you drive very fast and have to keep your eyes on the road.

3.12 endup(phr v) \Æend Æøp\

find yourself doing sth that you didn’t want to do in the beginningThey wanted to go abroad on holiday but they ended up staying in the city because they were both busy.

3.13 musicalinstrument(phr) \Æmju…zIkl ÆInstr´m´nt\the piano, the guitar, the flute, etc are musical instruments; you use them to make musicDo you know how to play any musical instruments?

3.14 wrapup(phr v) \Ærœp Æøp\

cover with a cloth or paperShe wrapped up the small box in some beautiful colourful paper and gave it to her friend.

3.15 pointout(phr v) \ÆpOInt ÆaUt\

tell sb sth, draw their attention to sthI’d like to point out only one mistake; this word has been spelt incorrectly.

3.16 breakthelaw(phr) \ÆbreIk D´ ÆlO…\

do sth illegalThe young boy broke the law the minute he decided to drive his father’s car without a driving licence.

3. The Law’s the Law

UNIT � 1�

� The Law’s the Law

3.17 remain(v) \rIÆmeIn\

if sth remains, it continues in the same stateI didn’t know what to say, so I remained silent.

3.18 hijack(v) \ÆhaIÆdZœk\

to take control of a plane by forceIt was on the news last night that a plane was hijacked and three hundred people were held hostage.lhijacker(n), hijacking(n)

3.19 kidnap(v) \ÆkIdÆnœp\

take sb away by forceThe rich businessman’s son has been kidnapped; the kidnappers have asked for a huge amount of money as ransom.lkidnapper(n), kidnapping(n)

3.20 (actof)terrorism(phr) \Æœkt ´v Æter´ÆrIz“´‘m\sth extremely violent (ie bombing) that people do in order to demand that a government do sthThe bombing in the city centre yesterday was an act of terrorism; thankfully, no one was killed.l terrorist(n)

3.21 chase(v) \tSeIs\run after, followThe dog was chasing the cat but it didn’t manage to catch it.

3.22 telegraphpole(phr) \Ætel´grA…f Æp´Ul\

a wooden post with telephone wiresThere is a man on the telegraph pole trying to repair the damage the storm caused to the wires.

Dictionary Corner3.23 punishment(n) \

ÆpønISm´nt\

a way to discipline sb when they have done sth wrongThe teacher gave the students extra work as a punishment for being naughty.lpunish(v)

3.24 courtoflaw(phr) \ÆkO…t ´v ÆlO…\

the place where trials take place, where a judge decides if sb has committed a crime or not and how they should be punishedAll people are innocent in a court of law until they’re proved guilty.

3.25 theft(n) \Teft\stealingHe’s been charged with theft but he denies it.l thief(n)

3.26 robbery(n) \ÆrÅb´ri\

stealing money or property by using forceThere was a robbery early in the morning at the local bank; the robbers got away with €2 million.l rob(v), robber(n)

3.27 smuggling(n) \ÆsmøglIN\

take things into or out of a country illegallyAs a ship owner, I’m sure he’s been involved in smuggling; there’s no other way he became so rich so soon.l smuggle(v), smuggler(n)

3.28 prison(n) \ÆprIzn\

jailIf he really is the one who killed the woman, he’ll be sent to prison. There’s no escaping that! l imprison(v), prisoner(n)

3.29 criminal(n) \ÆkrImInl\

the person who commits a crimeHe’s a dangerous criminal and the police have been after him for years.lcrime(n)

Grammar Point 13.30 luggage(n) \

ÆløgIdZ\

baggageKeep an eye on your luggage all the time when you’re at the airport; otherwise, someone might steal it.

3.31 amount(n) \´ÆmaUnt\

quantity, number of sth, how much there is of sthSarah has got a small amount of money in her bank account.

3.32 justice(n) \ÆdZøstIs\

fairness, honesty, lawOur teacher has a strong sense of justice; she always treats us fairly.l just(adj)

1� UNIT �

� The Law’s the Law

Listening3.33 admittosth(phr) \´d

ÆmIt t´ ÆsømTIN\

confessThe man confessed his crimes and admitted to his guilt.

Opp.: deny

3.34 innocent(adj) \ÆIn´s“´‘nt\

not guilty‘All I want is justice!’ the innocent man cried in the court in front of everybody.l innocence(n), innocently(adv)

Dictionary Corner3.35 getoff(phr v) \Æget

ÆÅf\

leave a bus, train, aircraftPaul missed his bus stop and got off at the next one.

Opp.: board

3.36 gooff(phr v) \Æg´U ÆÅf\

explodeLuckily, the bomb went off in the middle of the night when no one worked in the building, so no one was killed.

3.37 letoff(phr v) \Ælet ÆÅf\

let sb go away without punishing themI’ll let you off this time but next time I catch you cheating, you’re in big trouble!

3.38 makeoff(phr v) \ÆmeIk ÆÅf\

leave quickly, get away, escapeThe little boy offered to take my picture but when I gave him my camera, he made off with it and I never saw him again.

3.39 takeoff (phr v) \ÆteIk ÆÅf\

(for a plane) leave, remove a piece of clothingThe plane took off an hour later than scheduled due to bad weather conditions.

Opp.:land,puton

3.40 turnoff(phr v) \Æt‰…n ÆÅf\

switch offRemember to turn off the lights before you go to bed.

Opp.: turnon

3.41 injure (v) \ÆIndZ´\

hurt, woundThree people were badly injured in the car accident.l injury(n)

3.42 warning(n) \ÆwO…nIN\

sth that tells people of sth dangerous that might happenCigarette packets carry a health warning.lwarn(v)

3.43 security(n) \sIÆkjU´r´ti\

safetyThere will be very tight security measures during the Olympic Games.l secure(v, adj)

3.44 alert (n) \´Æl‰…t\

warning, alarmDue to a security alert, the metro will not run for the rest of the day.

Grammar Point 23.45 mayor (n) \me´\

the person (politician) who is in charge of a cityThe mayor gave a warning regarding the water shortage in the area and asked people to use as little water as possible.

3.46 introduce(v) \ÆIntr´Ædju…s\

present, bring inThey introduced a new law regarding drinking and driving.l introduction(n), introductory(adj)

3.47 support(v) \s´ÆpO…t\

help, defendWhatever you decide to do, I’ll support you.l support(n), supporter(n)

3.48 cemetery(n) \Æsem´t“´‘ri\

graveyardThe funeral took place in the local cemetery.

3.49 permission(n) \p´ÆmISn\

when you have permission to do sth, you are allowed to do itThe student asked for permission to leave the classroom but the teacher didn’t let him.lpermit(v)

3.50 alternative(n) \O…lÆt‰…n´tIv\

choice, optionThere’s no alternative; you have to tell him the truth.

UNIT � 1�

� The Law’s the Law

3.51 unfortunately(adv) \ønÆfO…tS“´‘n´tli\

Unfortunately, John didn’t pass his language test; he’ll have to take it again in six months.lunfortunate(adj)

Opp.:luckily,fortunately

3.52 despite(prep) \dIÆspaIt\

in spite ofDespite the fact that it wasn’t very warm, he went for a swim.

3.53 guard(n) \gA…d\a person who protects or watches another person or a placeYves didn’t know where the exit was, so she asked the guard.lguard(v)

3.54 scarecrow(n) \Æske´Ækr´U\

sth that looks like a person that farmers put in their fields to frighten birds awayEvery summer my father made a scarecrow which he put in the middle of our garden to frighten the birds away.

3.55 watchtower(n) \ÆwÅtSÆtaU´\

a high building where the guard of a place isThe life guard was on his watchtower when suddenly he heard a girl in the sea screaming.

3.56 makeone’sescape(phr) \ÆmeIk wønz IÆskeIp\

manage to get away/break freeThe man was the first one to make his escape from that high security prison.

3.57 currently(adv) \Ækør´ntli\

now, at the momentKate is currently working as a shop assistant until she finds something better.

Use Your English3.58 outoftune(phr) \ÆaUt ´v

Ætju…n\

not singing the right notesI can’t stand it when she starts singing; she’s always out of tune but she doesn’t want to admit it!

Speaking3.59 bully(v) \

ÆbUli\

push aroundDon’t let older kids at school bully you; next time, go and tell your teachers.lbully(n)

3.60 cheat(v) \tSi…t\when you cheat, you do not obey certain rulesJamie is a very good student; she doesn’t have to cheat to get high marks.

3.61 fizzydrink(phr)\ÆfIzi ÆdrINk\

gassy/bubbling drinkI can’t stand fizzy drinks; they always upset my stomach.

3.62 property(n) \ÆprÅp´ti\

the land that sb owns, possessionsWe can’t take a walk in this park; it’s private property.

3.63 swear(v) \swe´\call sb namesSimon nearly hit the man when he heard him swearing at him.

3.64 measure(n) \ÆmeZ´\

rule, regulationAfter the robbery, they took better security measures at the bank; there are five guards with guns now.

3.65 confiscation(n) \ÆkÅnfIÆskeISn\

the act of taking sb’s belongings away in order to punish themUnless they found the money to pay off their loan, the bank would issue an order for the confiscation of their property.lconfiscate(v)

3.66detention(n) \dIÆtenSn\

make a student stay after school as punishmentYou’ll be held in detention as punishment for not having done your homework again.

3.67 exclude (v) \IkÆsklu…d\

leave outMr Branton was excluded from the managers’ meeting because they thought he had been working against the company’s interests.lexclusion(n)

Opp.: include

3.68 permanently (adv) \Æp‰…m´n´ntli\

foreverHe’s studying to be a mechanical engineer; he doesn’t want to work at this factory permanently.lpermanent(adj), permanence(n)

Opp.: temporarily

1� UNIT �

� The Law’s the Law

Writing3.69 discursive(adj) \dIs

Æk‰…sIv\

argumentative, giving facts and opinionsYou must learn how to write discursive essays if you want to study Philosophy.

3.70 doubt (n) \daUt\a feeling of not being certainHis article was very convincing; it left me in no doubt that what he believed was absolutely right.ldoubt(v)

3.71 advantage(n) \´dÆvA…ntIdZ\

a good feature or qualityOne of the advantages of studying abroad is having everyday practice in the country’s language.ladvantageous(adj)

Opp.: disadvantage

3.72 mentally(adv) \Æment´li\

in the mindThe criminal was found to be mentally ill so the judge decided that he should have psychotherapy.lmental(adj)

3.73 medical(adj) \ÆmedIk´l\

connected to illnesses and their cureThe injured man needed medical treatment immediately.

3.74 communityservice(phr) \k´Æmju…n´ti Æs‰…vIs\work that criminals do instead of spending time in prisonHis crimes were not serious so the court decided that he should do community service for six months.

3.75 dependon (v) \dIÆpend Ån\

be based on, rely onWhether he’ll study abroad or not depends on how much money he manages to save by the end of the year.ldependent(adj), dependence(n)

3.76 suitable(adj) \Æsu…t´b´l\

appropriate, rightMs Peterson is the most suitable person for this job; I think we should hire her.l suitability(n)

Opp.: unsuitable

3.77 draft(n) \drA…ft\outline, plan, first version of sthMake a draft of your essay first; this way you can arrange your ideas better.ldraft(v)

3.78 commenton(v) \ÆkÅment Ån\

remark, point out, sayFred commented on Susan’s extreme outfit saying that he had never seen anybody looking so weird.

Workbook3.79 pretend(v) \prI

Ætend\

make believeRichard pretended not to mind her comments but I knew he was deeply hurt.lpretender(n)

3.80 drug(n) \drøg\illegal chemical substanceVivian had been on drugs for a year or so but her parents sent her away to an institution for detoxification and now she’s well.

3.81 breakinto(phr v) \ÆbreIk ÆInt´\

enter a place by force in order to steal thingsDon’s flat was broken into last night and his hi-fi system was stolen.

3.82 crimeprevention(phr) \ÆkraIm prIÆvenSn\

ways to stop crime from happeningCrime prevention is currently our government’s most pressing concern.

3.83 device(n) \dIÆvaIs\

machine, toolWhat do you use this for? It’s the strangest device I’ve ever seen.

3.84 reward(n) \rIÆwO…d\

prize, bonusThere’s a €50 reward for whoever finds the neighbour’s lost dog.l reward(v)

3.85 chance(n) \tSA…ns\possibilityThere’s no chance Scott will win the race; Martin has got a better bicycle and he’s a faster cyclist.

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� The Law’s the Law

3.86 airportterminal(n) \Æe´pO…t Æt‰…mIn“´‘l\

airport buildingThe plane from Moscow will land at the airport’s eastern terminal.

3.87 congratulatesbonsth(v) \k´nÆgrœtSUÆleIt

Æsømb´di Ån ÆsømTIN\to tell someone how happy you are about their success, luck, or happiness I’d like to congratulate you on your new job. Well done!lcongratulations(n)

3.88 ordinary(adj) \ÆO…dn“´‘ri\

usual, commonThe film was nothing special; the story was ordinary and the acting unimaginative.

3.89 cruel(adj) \Ækru…´l\

heartless, unkindWhy are you being so cruel to the children? They didn’t do anything wrong.lcruelty (n)

3.90 incredibly(adv) \InÆkred´bli\

unbelievablyThe scenery here is incredibly beautiful and quiet; I’d like to have a country house here.l incredible(adj)

Opp.: credibly

3.91 legendary(adj) \ÆledZ“´‘nd“´‘ri\

mythical, traditionalWilliam Wallace’s name has become legendary; he was the one to free Scotland from England.l legend(n)

3.92 evil(adj) \Æi…vl\

bad, harmfulAt times I feel that this colleague of mine is really evil; he does everything in his power to get me into trouble.levil(n)

3.93 enemy(n) \Æen´mi\

opponentIn World War II, the USA and Japan were enemies.

Opp.: ally

3.94 lifestyle(n) \ÆlaIfÆstaIl\

the way sb lives their lifeTony has a very healthy lifestyle; he goes to the gym every day and eats lots of fruit and vegetables.

3.95 membership(n) \Æmemb´SIp\

the situation where sb belongs to a groupYou have to pay €20 to renew your membership at the club.lmember(n)

3.96 gang(n)\gœN\a group of young people who usually cause troubleThe police believe that a gang is to blame for the vandalised cars.

3.97 isolated(adj) \ÆaIs´ÆleItId\

being separated from the rest, lonelyThe famous writer is staying in a house in an isolated part of the country and is now working on his new novel.

3.98 (not)bebotheredby(phr) \bi ÆbÅD´d

baI\trouble (or not) yourself with sthAdrianne isn’t bothered by her cruel comments; she doesn’t like her anyway.lbother(n)

3.99 destructive(adj) \dIÆstrøktIv\

damaging, catastrophicViolent films can have a destructive effect on children.ldestroy(v)

1� UNIT �

� Meet the Stars

4. Meet the StarsGet Warmed Up!4.1 celebrity(n) \s´

Ælebr´ti\

a famous personPaula always reads the gossip column in magazines; she’s very interested in the lives of celebrities.

Reading4.2 interview(n) \

ÆInt´vju…\

a meeting/talk between a famous person and a journalistThere’s a very interesting interview with Monica Bellucci in this magazine.l interview (v), interviewer (n)

4.3 wonder(v) \Æwønd´\

ask oneselfI wonder what happened to Jim; we were to meet here an hour ago.

4.4 arrange(v) \´ÆreIndZ\

plan, organiseTina arranged for us to have dinner at an Indian restaurant; she’s booked a table.larrangement (n)

4.5 include(v) \InÆklu…d\

contain, involveDoes your essay on America’s most famous film directors include John Houston too?

4.6 specialisein(-ing)(v) \ÆspeS´ÆlaIz In\

be an expert in/on sthHe teaches English Literature at the university but specialises in the Romantics; they’re his favourite.l specialisation (n), specialist (n)

4.7 runacompany(phr) \Ærøn ´ Ækømp´ni\

be in charge of / the manager of a companyKaren’s father is very busy running a company and she rarely sees him.

4.8 media(n) \Æmi…di´\

the television/radio/newspapers/magazinesThe media play a major part in presenting various famous people as role models for the younger generations.

4.9 contact(n) \ÆkÅntœkt\

a person you know, eg in a companyHe’s got a contact in the travel agency and sometimes gets cheaper tickets.lcontact (v)

4.10 industry(n) \ÆInd´stri\

business, commercel industrial(adj), industrialise (v)

4.11 comeout(phr v) \Ækøm ÆaUt\

be releasedThe domestic film industry isn’t doing very well; not many good films have come out in the last few years.

4.12 journalist(n) \ÆdZ‰…n´lIst\

reporterDina has always wanted to be a journalist; now, she writes in a newspaper and has her own programme on TV.l journalism (n)

4.13 getonwellwithsb(phr v) \Æget Ån Æwel

wID Æsømb´di\get along with sb, like sbLook at our children playing together; they seem to get on well with each other.

4.14 argument(n) \ÆA…gjUm´nt\

disagreement, quarrel, fightYesterday Tonia and I had another argument about who should do what around the house.largue (v)

4.15 spaceexploration (phr) \ÆspeIs ekspl ǼreISn\

the search in the area beyond Earth, where the stars and planets areThe USA and the former USSR have spent millions of dollars on space exploration.

4.16 beinagoodmood(phr) \bi In ´ ÆgUd Æmu…d\be cheerfulHenry hasn’t been in a very good mood lately; he must be very stressed at work.

4.17 respect (v) \rIÆspekt\

think highly of, admireYou have to respect yourself first if you want other people to respect you.l respect(n), respectful(adj)

UNIT � 1�

� Meet the Stars

Dictionary Corner4.18 TVpresenter(n) \Æti…

Ævi… prIÆzent´\

the person who introduces a programme on TVOprah Winfrey is a very famous TV presenter in the USA; she’s had her own show for many years now.

Grammar Point 14.19 getsthright(phr) \Æget sømTIN

ÆraIt\

correct sth, make it appropriateAlex is a perfectionist; he never hands in an essay unless he’s certain he’s got it absolutely right.

4.20 hitmovie(phr) \ÆhIt Æmu…vi\

a very successful filmThey all thought it was going to be a hit movie but they were wrong; the audience hated it.

4.21 win(v) \wIn\come first, succeedWe did our best to win the last round of Trivial Pursuit but we didn’t know the answer to the last question, so the other team won.lwinner(n)

Opp.: lose

4.22 award(n) \´ÆwO…d\

prizeNicole Kidman won the Oscar award for best actress for her part in The Hours.

4.23 throughout (prep) \Tru…ÆaUt\

from start to finish, right throughThroughout the journey, Liam was listening to music on his discman and didn’t say a single word to me.

Dictionary Corner4.24 patient(adj) \

ÆpeISnt\

calm, understandingThese things take time; you have to be patient.lpatience (n), patiently(adv)

Opp.: impatient

Listening4.25 lyrics(n) \

ÆlIrIks\

the words to a songTravis knows the lyrics to every Beatles song by heart. He used to love them when he was young.

4.26 therest(phr) \D´ Ærest\

that which remainsHarriet tidied the bedrooms and Martha cleaned the rest of the house.

4.27 issue(n) \ÆISu…,

ÆIsju…\

subject, matter, pointIt’s not what you said but how you said it that made me angry! That’s the issue!

Soundstation4.28 passsbsth (v) \

ÆpA…s Æsømb´di ÆsømTIN\

give sth to sbCould you pass me the salt and pepper, please? Thank you.

Speaking4.29 regularly(adv) \

ÆregjUl´li\

often, frequentlyAfter his heart attack, he has check-ups regularly.l regular(adj)

4.30 entertainment(n) \Æent´ÆteInm´nt\

pastime, fun, enjoymentGoing to clubs full of people, with loud music, where you can’t dance is not my idea of entertainment.lentertain(v), entertainer(n)

4.31 educate(v) \ÆedjUÆkeIt\

teachAs a child she had a weak heart so her parents didn’t send her to school; she was educated at home.leducation(n), educational(adj)

Use Your English4.32 beinthepubliceye(phr) \Æbi In D´

ÆpøblIk ÆaI\

be well known or famousI imagine it’s difficult to be in the public eye; everybody wants to know what you do in your private life.

20 UNIT �

� Meet the Stars

4.33 thepress(n) \D´ Æpres\

newspapersA politician was involved in a financial scandal; it’s all in the press today.

Writing4.34 interpret(v) \In

Æt‰…prIt\

explain, make sense ofShe didn’t know how to interpret his behaviour; one minute he was kind and talkative and the next he didn’t say a word.l interpretation(n), interpreter(n)

4.35 fan(n) \fœn\supporter, followerJacob is a big fan of Eric Clapton; he’s got all his records.

4.36 definitely(adv) \Ædef“´‘n´tli\

certainly, absolutelyYou definitely need an English/English dictionary at this level.

4.37 tohearfromsb(phr v) \t´ ÆhI´ fr´m

Æsømb´di\to get news from sb Beth heard from Lynn this morning; she’s in Italy on business.

Checkpoint �-�4.38 invent(v) \In

Ævent\

create, discoverMy uncle has invented a device which can feed your pet while you’re away on holiday!l invention(n), inventor(n)

4.39 freelance(adv) \Æfri…ÆlA…ns\

not regularly employed but paid according to work done each timeRita isn’t a full-time employee of the company; she works freelance.

4.40 available(adj) \´ÆveIl´b´l\

at handI’m always available for a coffee; call me whenever you can and we’ll arrange it.

Workbook4.41 bringout(phr v) \ÆbrIN

ÆaUt\

make, produceMasters publications have recently brought out a book called The Frog. I’ve read it; it’s good.

4.42 producer(n) \pr´Ædju…s´\

the person who makes the arrangements and gives the money for a film or play to be madeFilm producers usually have a say in the making of the film; after all they’re the ones who pay for it.lproduce(v), production(n)

4.43 goonsale(phr) \Æg´U Ån ÆseIl\

on the market, for saleThe new shampoo will go on sale next month; this is only a sample.

4.44 thrilled(adj) \TrIld\excited, very pleasedFanny was absolutely thrilled when she read The Lord of the Rings; she said the book is even better than the film.l thrill(v, n), thrilling(adj)

4.45 original (adj) \´ÆrIdZn“´‘l\

first, earliestA Perfect Murder is the remake of the original Dial M for Murder which was directed by Alfred Hitchcock and starred Grace Kelly.

4.46 champion(n) \ÆtSœmpi´n\

winnerThis couple are the world champions in ice skating.lchampionship(n)

4.47 sciencefiction(sci-fi)(phr) \ÆsaI´ns ÆfIkSn

“ÆsaI faI‘\

imaginary stories that take place in the future or in spaceHave you seen Dark City? It’s one of the best science fiction films I’ve ever seen.

4.48 accordingto(phr) \´ÆkO…dIN t´\

as believed byAccording to this writer, we are all capable of communicating by telepathy; it just needs a lot of practice.

4.49 hearofsb(phr) \ÆhI´r ´v Æsømb´di\

know about sbHave you heard of Yann Tiersen? He’s the one who composed the music for Amelie.

4.50 alien(n) \ÆeIli´n\

extraterrestrial Do you remember E.T.? It was a film made in the early 80s about a friendly alien.

UNIT � 21

� Meet the Stars

4.51 live(adj)\laIv\a live show is happening at the time it is being broadcastedThe radio programme is live; if you call the radio station, you’ll go on air.l live(adv)

Opp.: pre-recorded

4.52 queue(n)\kju…\a long line of people waiting for sthDerek wanted to go to the cinema last night but there was a long queue outside so he came back; he’ll try again this evening.lqueue(v)

4.53 violent(adj)\ÆvaI´l´nt\

aggressiveUsually violent films are shown late on TV when kids are most probably already in bed.lviolence(n)

4.54 makemoney(phr)\ÆmeIk Æmøni\

become richThe series Friends is so popular all over the world, I’m sure the actors and actresses have made a lot of money.

4.55 sthsuitssbfine(phr)\ÆsømTIN Æsu…ts Æsømb´di

ÆfaIn\

like sth, have no objection to sthStaying at home tonight suits me fine; I’m a bit tired myself anyway.

4.56 personality(n)\Æp‰…s´Ænœl´ti\

celebrity, characterAfter reading her interview I realised that she’s not just a beautiful model; she’s got a very interesting personality, too.

4.57 specialeffects(phr) \ÆspeSl IÆfekts\

sounds, lighting and objects specially created for a film or a playIf nothing else, The Matrix has amazing special effects.

4.58 acting(n)\ÆœktIN\

performance in a play or filmAl Pacino’s acting in A Scent of a Woman was magnificent. lact(v), actor(n), actress(n)

4.59 do/gosightseeing(n) \Ædu… ÆsaItÆsi…IN\

travel around – as a tourist – to visit sights, ie monuments, famous buildings, museums, etc.Jerry and I like doing some sightseeing when we’re abroad; otherwise, what’s the point of travelling?

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� The Space Race

Get Warmed Up!5.1 race(n) \reIs\

contest, competitionJohn loves watching sports car races on TV.l race(v)

Reading5.2 invader (n) \In

ÆveId´\

attackerThe army fought the invaders and after a wild battle forced them out of the country.l invade(v) , invasion(n)

5.3 outerspace(phr) \ÆaUt´ ÆspeIs\

the area beyond Earth, where the stars and planets areDo you think that in the future people will be able to travel in outer space?

5.4 asteroid(n) \Æœst´ÆrOId\

a very small planetHave you seen that film where Superman saved the Earth from an asteroid that was going to fall on it?

5.5 calculate(v) \ÆkœlkjUÆleIt\

work out, estimateCan you calculate how much 78 divided by 3 is?lcalculator(n), calculation(n)

5.6 path(n) \pA…T\way, track, course, directionLet’s follow this path; I’m sure it will take us back to the village.

5.7 fairly(adv) \Æfe´li\

quite, pretty wellThe film was fairly good; I enjoyed it but I wasn’t thrilled.l fair(adj)

5.8 confident(adj) \ÆkÅnfId“´‘nt\

convinced, positiveJerry is confident that he will pass the language exam; the truth is he’s studied really hard.lconfidence(n)

5. The Space Race5.9 collidewith(v) \k´

ÆlaId wID\

crash intoHe fell asleep while driving; that’s how he collided with the tree at the side of the street.lcollision(n)

5.10orbit(v) \ÆO…bIt\

move around a large object in space such as a planetHow many planets orbit the Sun?lorbit(n)

5.11 itislikelythatsthwillhappen(phr) /It Iz ÆlaIkli D´t ÆsømTIN wIl

Æhœp´n\

there’s a good chance that sth will happenIt is likely that John will not come with us tonight as he has a lot of work to do.

5.12global(adj) \Ægl´Ubl\

worldwide, universalNowadays there’s a global concern regarding terrorism; governments try to find ways to fight against it.lglobally(adv)

5.13climatechanges(n) \ÆklaIm´t ÆtSeIndZIz\

changes in the weather conditions and the world’s temperatureClimate changes are obvious in Greece, too; it never used to rain so much in the middle of the summer.

5.14preventsth/sbfrom(-ing)(phr) \prI

Ævent ÆsømTIN, Æsømb´di fr´m\

stop sth from happeningThere was nothing I could do to prevent Susan from leaving; she was very determined.lprevention(n)

5.15unlike(prep) \ønÆlaIk\

in contrast toUnlike her sister, who is very good at foreign languages, Anne doesn’t speak any English.

Opp.:like

5.16nuclearweapons(n) \Ænju…kli´ Æwep´nz\

objects that kill people using atomic energyThere’s a big demonstration against nuclear weapons this Saturday; are you coming?

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5.17 involve(v) \InÆvÅlv\

if a situation involves sth, then this is part of the situationA secretary’s work involves answering the phone, typing letters, sending faxes, etc.l involvement(n)

5.18 solar (adj) \Æs´Ul´\

related to the sunDo you see this car in the picture? It doesn’t run on petrol; it is operated by solar power.l solarium(n)

5.19 sail(n) \seIl\a large piece of material, part of a ship, against which the wind blows and the ship moves forwardThe strong wind tore the ship’s sails and everybody was afraid.l sail(v), sailing(n)

5.20damage(n) \ÆdœmIdZ\

harm, destructionThe fire that broke out last night caused great damage to all the houses in the block.ldamage(v)

5.21becomeextinct(phr) \bIÆkøm IkÆstINkt\

exist no longer More and more animal species are becoming extinct day by day.

5.22detect(v) \dIÆtekt\

find, discoverLook at this; it’s a metal detector; it can detect metal objects that are buried in the sand.ldetective(n)

5.23 intime(phr) \In ÆtaIm\

not too lateWe arrived at the theatre in time to find seats in the front row.

5.24 takeaction(phr) \ÆteIk ÆœkSn\

act, do sthScientists are ready to take action in case they detect any signals from outer space.

5.25widespread(adj) \ÆwaIdÆspred\

extensive, universalThe use of the car was not widespread in Athens fifty or sixty years ago.

5.26anearmiss (phr) \´ ÆnI´ ÆmIs\

a narrow escapeThe boy kicked the ball hard and it nearly hit a passing car; it was a near miss.

Dictionary Corner5.27manned(adj) \mœnd\

a manned spacecraft has people on itWe’ve just heard on the news about an accident involving a manned spacecraft; it exploded a few seconds after it took off and all astronauts on it were killed.

5.28mission (n) \ÆmISn\

task, dutyHe works for the army; he left this morning and no one knows where he’s going; I suppose he’s on a secret mission this time.

Grammar Point 15.29 spacesuit(n) \

ÆspeIsÆsu…t\

a protective suit that astronauts wear when in spaceNobody can survive in space without wearing a spacesuit.

Listening5.30 research(n) \rI

Æs‰…tS\

investigation, examinationGeorge is a biologist and works in research; his team is trying to find the cure for cancer.l research(v), researcher(n)

Dictionary Corner5.31develop (v) \dI

Ævel´p\

improve, make more completeMyrna needs to develop her typing skills; she doesn’t type fast enough.ldevelopment(n)

5.32equipment(n) \IÆkwIpm´nt\

tools, stuffClimbing equipment can be quite expensive but you don’t have to buy anything; you can rent it at the club.lequip(v)

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5.33engine(n) \ÆendZIn\

motorTim likes very fast cars, so he bought this one which has a turbo engine.lengineer(n)

5.34cutoff(phr v) \Ækøt ÆÅf\

interrupt, disconnect, stop providing (eg electricity)She was talking on the phone to her friend when suddenly they got cut off.

5.35 satellite(n) \Æsœt´ÆlaIt\

satellites move in orbit around the Earth in order to collect and provide us with informationThere’s a satellite in orbit around the Earth which takes beautiful pictures of different parts of it.

Grammar Point 25.36comeround(phr v) \Ækøm

ÆraUnd\

come overI’ll be at home all day today; you can come round any time you want.

5.37 getback(phr v) \Æget Æbœk\

return‘How long will you be gone?’ ‘I’ll get back around six.’

5.38onthewayback(phr) \Ån D´ ÆweI Æbœk\

while returning from a placeDave drove the car on the way there and he let me drive it on the way back.

Soundstation5.39cart(n) \kA…t\

a kind of vehicleLet’s get on the horse-drawn cart; it will be fun!

5.40pun(n) \pøn\a play on wordsMary loves playing with the language; and sometimes her puns are extremely funny!

5.41 larder(n) \ÆlA…d´\

a room in the house used as a cupboardHave a look in the larder; there should be some bottles of wine left in there.

5.42bat(n) \bœt\an animal that looks like a mouse but with wings that flies during the nightHave you ever seen a bat close up? I have! They’re very ugly!

Use Your English5.43 improve(v) \Im

Æpru…v\

make betterHow can I improve my handwriting? My teachers can’t make it out and I always get bad marks.l improvement(n)

Writing5.44 advert(n) \

Æœdv‰…t\

announcement, noticeIf you’re looking for a job, it might be a good idea to look at the job adverts in the local newspaper, too.ladvertise(v), advertiser(n), advertising(n)

5.45 regarding(prep) \rIÆgA…dIN\

with regard to, concerning, aboutThere are extreme views regarding this book; some people loved it and others hated it.

5.46 transportation(n) \ÆtrœnspO…ÆteISn\

travelling from one place to anotherThe trip to Spain will cost €700; this includes the hotel and transportation cost.l transport(n, v)

5.47accommodation(n) \´ÆkÅm´ÆdeISn\

a place where people can live or stayJulia is leaving for England next week and she has not managed to find accommodation yet.laccommodate(v)

5.48 facility(n) \f´ÆsIl´ti\

extra service provided, eg at a hotelDoes the hotel offer any facilities such as a gym, a sauna or tennis courts?

5.49 injection(n) \InÆdZekSn\

vaccinationThe little girl was crying while the nurse was giving her the injection.l inject(v)

UNIT � 2�

� The Space Race

5.50 reasonable(adj) \Æri…zn´bl\

sensible, logicalPlease be reasonable! You can’t go out wearing just a T-shirt; you’ll catch a cold!l reasonably(adv)

Opp.: unreasonable

5.51 suitable(adj) \Æsu…t´bl\

appropriate, proper, rightThis outfit isn’t suitable for this business meeting; you need to wear something more formal.l suit(v) Opp.: unsuitable

Workbook5.52ultimately(adv) \

ÆøltIm´tli\

after all, finally, in the end Ultimately, it was for the best that you decided not to work for them; it turned out their business was illegal.lultimate(adj)

5.53 takeover(phr v) \ÆteIk Æ´Uv´\

be in control ofWhile I was away from school, another teacher took over my classes.

5.54float(off)(phr) \f l´Ut\to stay on the surface or move easily through the surface of a liquidDon’t be afraid to let yourself free; our bodies float in water.

5.55 sample(n) \ÆsA…mpl\

specimen, exampleThe chemist went to the river and took a sample of its water to test it at the lab.l sample(v)

5.56 form(v) \fO…m\make, create, shapeWhen she was little she used to imagine that clouds formed different shapes of animals.l formation(n)

5.57galaxy(n) \Ægœl´ksi\

a large group of stars and planetsOur solar system isn’t the only one in the galaxy; there are many more.lgalactic(adj)

5.58data(n) \ÆdeIt´\

information, detailsHer computer crashed and lost all data.

5.59gravity(n) \Ægrœv´ti\

(in physics) the force that makes things fall to the groundIt was Newton who discovered the law of gravity when an apple fell on his head while sitting under a tree.

5.60 place(v) \pleIs\putJust place the books one on top of the other for the time being; I’ll arrange them on the shelves later.

5.61breathe(v) \bri…D\take air into the lungs, inhale and exhaleDiane felt the smog in the city centre was so thick that she couldn’t breathe.lbreath(n)

5.62planetarium(n) \Æplœn´Æte´ri´m\

a building where one can watch special shows about the universeThey took us on a school trip to the planetarium where we watched a very interesting show about how the world was created.

5.63binoculars(n) \bIÆnÅkjUl´z\

a device through which you can look at things which are very far awayProfessor Stanley uses his binoculars to study wild birds in their natural environment.

5.64astronomer(n) \´ÆstrÅn´m´\

a scientist who studies the planets and the starsThe astronomer spent hours looking at the stars through his telescope.lastronomy(n), astronomical(adj)

5.65comet(n) \ÆkÅmIt\

a bright object with a long tail that travels in spaceThat night everybody was out looking at the sky through their binoculars, waiting to see Halley’s comet.

5.66 model(n) \ÆmÅdl\

copy, miniatureHis hobby is making model aeroplanes; his house is full of them.

2� UNIT �

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5.67meteorshower(phr) \Æmi…ti´ ÆSaU´\

a large number of pieces of rock which come from outer space and fall on the EarthAccording to a theory, dinosaurs became extinct when millions of years ago a meteor shower destroyed the surface of our planet.

5.68 interplanetary(adj) \ÆInt´ÆplœnIt“´‘ri\

relating to more than one planetScientists have proven that the space between the planets is full of interplanetary dust.

5.69detailed(adj) \Ædi…teIld\

containing a lot of details, thoroughThis is a detailed report of all the events that took place during the music festival.ldetail(n)

5.70power(v) \ÆpaU´\

provide power, energyPetrol powers the car’s engine. lpower(n), powerful(adj)

5.71 recharge(v) \ri…ÆtSA…dZ\

refill, reload with energyThis kind of battery can be recharged; you don’t have to buy new ones.

5.72photographicplates(phr) \Æf´Ut´grœfIk ÆpleIts\φωτογραφικές πλάκεςspecial kind of equipment used to take photographs in the pastPhotographic plates were one of the earliest forms of photographic film.

5.73 measure(v) \ÆmeZ´\

calculateI don’t know if this will fit in the room; let me measure it.lmeasure(n), measurement(n)

5.74 thickness(n) \ÆTIkn´s\

densityA sheet of paper has less than half a millimetre thickness.l thick(adj)

5.75 surface(n) \Æs‰…f´s\

the flat, top side of sthMost of the Earth’s surface is covered by water.

5.76 liquid(n) \ÆlIkwId\

fluid, not solidWhen you have a high temperature, the best thing you can do is to drink plenty of liquid.

5.77underneath(adv) \Æønd´Æni…T\

beneathA cat hid underneath that car to escape the dog that was chasing her.

5.78 submarine(n) \Æsøbm´ri…n\

a type of ship that travels underwaterHenry is in the navy; at the moment he’s doing two-month’s service on a submarine.

5.79melt(v) \melt\become liquidIf the icebergs in the North Pole ever melt, a lot of countries in northern Europe will flood.

5.80dustparticle(phr) \Ædøst ÆpA…tIkl\

an extremely small piece of dustWe can’t really see dust particles in the air until after they have formed a layer on a surface.

5.81 runoutof(phr v) \Ærøn ÆaUt ´v\

have none left of sthWe’ve run out of sugar. Could you get a bag when you go to the supermarket?

5.82 fuel(n) \Æfju…´l\

petrol, coal, etc that provides energy when burntIt’s been terribly cold this winter, that’s why we spent so much money on fuel for heating.

5.83attend(v) \´Ætend\

be presentI’d like to attend this seminar on Ways to deal with Stress; I’ve heard it is going to be very interesting.lattendance(n), attendee(n)

5.84grateful(adj) \ÆgreItf´l\

thankfulHelga bought me a little present to show me how grateful she was that I helped her move house.lgratefully(adv)

Opp.: ungrateful

5.85 register(v) \ÆredZIst´\

sign up, enrolHave you registered for the course in English or American Literature this semester?

UNIT � 2�

� It Takes All Sorts

Reading6.1 selfish(adj) \

ÆselfIS\

self-centred, egoisticJohn is a very selfish boy; he never likes to share his toys with his brother. l selfishly(adv), selfishness(n)

Opp.: unselfish,selfless

6.2 rude(adj) \ru…d\impoliteThe shop assistant was very impolite and unhelpful; I’ll never go to that shop again.l rudely(adv), rudeness(n)

Opp.:polite

6.3 shy(adj) \SaI\timid, hesitantJane is a bit shy when she meets somebody new but if you get to know her better, she can be great fun.l shyly(adv), shyness(n)

6.4 sociable(adj) \Æs´US´bl\

friendly, outgoingAlex isn’t really sociable; he doesn’t like going out and meeting new people.l sociability(n)

Opp.: antisocial,unsociable

6.5 strict(adj) \strIkt\firm, harshOur teacher is not at all strict; even when we’re noisy, she never shouts at us or punishes us.l strictly(adv), strictness(n)

Opp.: lenient

6.6 jealous(adj) \ÆdZel´s\

enviousSarah bought the same dress Helen was wearing the other day; I’d say she must be very jealous of her. l jealousy(n), jealously(adv)

6.7 kind(adj) \kaInd\caring, considerate Thank you for your lovely present; that was very kind of you!lkindly (adv), kindness (n)

Opp.: unkind

6. It Takes All Sorts6.8 intelligent(adj) \In

ÆtelIdZ“´‘nt\

cleverMarco must be extremely intelligent; he’s only five but he can already read.l intelligence(n), intelligently(adv)

6.9 trust(v) \trøst\count on, have faith in, depend onI can’t trust you anymore; I asked you not to tell anybody about this but now everybody knows!l trusting(adj), trustful(adj), trustworthy(adj)

6.10 chat(v) \tSœt\talk, speak toLook at them; they’ve been chatting for the past hour as if they were old friends.lchatty(adj)

6.11 gossip(v) \ÆgÅsIp\

talk with sb about other people’s livesI can’t stand her; she likes gossiping and she’s always talking behind other people’s backs.lgossip(n), gossipy(adj)

6.12 share(v) \Se´\let sb use, know sth that is yoursOur house isn’t very big so my sister and I have to share a room.

6.13 resent(v) \rIÆzent\

be angry at sb, dislikeAdrianne resents having to work harder than everyone else.l resentful(adj), resentment(n)

6.14 mistakefor(v) \mIÆsteIk\

confuse with, misunderstandI’m really sorry; I mistook you for a friend of mine. You look so much like her.

6.15 arrogance(n) \Æœr´g´ns\

pride, conceitIt’s his arrogance that makes people dislike him; he always acts as if he’s the best at everything.larrogant(adj), arrogantly(adv)

2� UNIT �

� It Takes All Sorts

6.16 confidence(n) \ÆkÅnfId“´‘ns\

courage, nerveAnne doesn’t have confidence in herself; she always gets nervous about job interviews and thinks that she’s not good enough for the job. lconfident(adj), confidently(adv)

6.17 ideal(adj) \aIÆdI´l\

perfectThis is the ideal place to have a country house; it’s both near the sea and the mountain. It’s perfect!l ideally(adv), idealistic(adj)

6.18 tease(v) \ti…z\laugh at or make jokes about sb, pull sb’s legStop teasing her; you can see she doesn’t think it’s funny.l teaser(n)

6.19 secure (adj) \sIÆkjU´\

safe, protectedThe little boy can’t be separated from his mother even for a minute; he feels secure only around her.l secure(v), security(n), securely(adv)

Opp.: insecure

6.20 desperately(adv) \Ædesp“´‘r´tli\

hopelessly, frightfullyIan was very sad and desperately wanted to talk to somebody so I went over there to try and calm him down.ldesperate(adj), despair(n)

6.21 dread(-ing)(v) \dred\fearKate dreads going to the dentist; the last time she was there was two years ago.ldreadful(adj), dreadfully(adv)

6.22 attempt(n) \´Ætempt\

effortThis joke was only an attempt to cheer you up; I’m sorry if you thought it was silly.lattempt(v)

6.23 getoutof(-ing)(phr v) \Æget ÆaUt ´v\

avoidViviane isn’t really sick; she only said so to get out of going to her lesson.

6.24 announce(v) \´ÆnaUns\

make known, advertiseThe teacher announced to the class that the school trip to the museum the next day had been cancelled. lannouncement(n)

6.25 play(n) \pleI\a piece of writing that is performed in theatreHave you ever seen Waiting for Godot? It’s a brilliant play by Samuel Beckett.

6.26 showoff(phr v) \ÆS´U ÆÅf\

boastJames was showing off his new bicycle; he was riding it in front of all the children and didn’t let anyone touch it.

6.27 part(n) \pA…t\roleSimon too had a part in the school’s production of Romeo and Juliet; he was Mercutio.

6.28 rehearsal(n) \rIÆh‰…sl\

practice, preparationThey had a lot of rehearsals; that’s why everybody was so well prepared.l rehearse(v)

6.29 ridiculous(adj) \rIÆdIkjUl´s\

funny, comical in a silly wayIt’s ridiculous not to believe me! I’m telling you, I’m late because I had a lot of work at the office.l ridicule(v, n), ridiculously(adv)

6.30 miracle(n) \ÆmIr´kl\

wonderYesterday she had no money to pay her bills and today she won the lottery; it’s a miracle!lmiraculous(adj), miraculously(adv)

6.31 turninto(phr v) \Æt‰…n ÆInt´\

become, transformHe used to be friendly with everybody but when he became manager of the company he turned into a very selfish person.

6.32 equal(adj) \Æi…kw´l\

the sameBack in the 30s and 40s women fought hard for equal rights.lequal(v, n), equality(n)

UNIT � 2�

� It Takes All Sorts

6.33 gain(v) \geIn\obtain, reach, winLaura looks as if she has gained some weight; she used to be size 38 but now she’s size 42.

6.34 persuade(v) \p´ÆsweId\

talk into, convinceEllen persuaded Rob to ask his boss for a rise and she was right; he did it. lpersuasion(n)

6.35 severe(adj) \sIÆvI´\

strict, harshThat was a severe punishment; no pocket money for a month!l severity(n), severely(adv)

Dictionary Corner6.36 caring(adj) \

Æke´rIN\

kindShe’s a very caring mother; you can see it in the way she speaks to her children.lcare(n)

6.37 gentle (adj) \ÆdZentl\

kind, calmAndy is very gentle; he never raises his voice and always knows how to behave.lgently(adv), gentleness(n), gentleman(n)

6.38 embarrass(v) \ImÆbœr´s\

make sb feel shy or ashamedHe embarrassed her by calling her stupid in front of his friends. lembarrassment(n),embarrassing(adj), embarrassed(adj)

Grammar Point 16.39 obligation(n) \ÆÅblI

ÆgeISn\

duty, responsibilityMeg felt an obligation to help Nina after all Nina had done for her.loblige(v), obligatory(adj),

obliged(adj)

6.40 ballroom(n) \ÆbO…lru…m\

a big room where people danceWe took a guided tour around the palace; the ballroom was huge.

6.41 amateur (n) \Æœm´t´,

Æœm´tSU´\

not a professionalThis group of amateur actors is very good; I’ve seen a couple of their productions and they do very good work.lamateur(adj)

Opp.: professional

6.42 competition(n) \ÆkÅmp´ÆtISn\

contestWendy decided to enter the chocolate cake competition and won first prize.lcompete(v), competitor(n)

6.43 sprain(v) \spreIn\twist or bend violently causing damageTony sprained his ankle while jogging yesterday and it is still swollen today.l sprain(n)

6.44 dedicated(adj) \ÆdedIÆkeItId\

devoted, committedIf you want to become a member of WWF, you have to be hard-working and a dedicated animal lover. ldedicate(v), dedication(n)

Listening6.45 furious(adj) \

ÆfjU´ri´s\

extremely angryHer behaviour made the teacher furious so he took her to the headmaster.l fury(n), furiously(adv)

6.46 depressed(adj) \dIÆprest\

very sad and unhappyShe was depressed for a long time after her husband’s death.ldepression(n), depressing(adj)

6.47 rollercoaster(phr) \Ær´Ul´ Æk´Ust´\

a small railway at an amusement park that moves at great speedMartin had never been on a roller coaster before and when he tried it, he got really scared.

6.48 funfair(n) \ÆfønÆfe´\

amusement parkChildren love going to the funfair.

6.49 upset(adj) \øpÆset\

angry, annoyedMary was upset because Mike was late for their appointment.

�0 UNIT �

� It Takes All Sorts

6.50 shocked(adj) \SÅkt\horrified, disgustedEverybody was shocked to see the two of them arguing in public.l shock(n), shocking(adj)

6.51 nervous(adj) \Æn‰…v´s\

worried and anxiousHe was so nervous about the job interview that he didn’t manage to sleep all night.lnervously(adv), nervousness(n)

Dictionary Corner6.52 fuss(n) \føs\

troubleWhy are you making such a fuss about a pencil? Here, take mine.l fuss(v)

Speaking6.53 active(adj) \

ÆœktIv\

energeticDoctors say that we must try to remain active as we grow older.lactively(adv), activity(n)

6.54 relaxing(adj) \rIÆlœksIN\

sth that helps you rest, restfulWe spent a very relaxing evening at home watching a nice film on TV.l relax(v), relaxation(n)

Soundstation6.55 bark(v) \bA…k\

the sound that dogs makeThe neighbour’s dog was barking all night last night and I didn’t get any sleep.

6.56 buck(n) \bøk\dollarHere’s a buck; go get some candy.

6.57 shack (n) /Sœk/hutThere are a lot of people in the world who live in shacks.

6.58 shark(n) /SA…k/a big fish with sharp teethHave you seen the film Jaws? It’s about a shark that attacks and kills people. Very scary!

6.59 calf(n) (plural calves) /kA…f/a young cowLook at that cow with its calf! I’ll take a picture of them.

6.60 cuff(n) /køf/the thicker, harder part of material at the end of the sleeve of a shirtDoes your shirt have one or two buttons on the cuffs?

6.61 rag(n) /rœg/a piece of old clothThe old man was dressed in rags.

6.62 rug(n) /røg/a small carpetHe’s so careless! He spilled coffee on the rug.

6.63 chart(n) /tSA…t/diagram, tableThis chart shows the profit the company has made over the past year in comparison to last year’s profit.

6.64 garter(n) \ÆgA…t´\

a piece of elastic used for holding up a stockingNowadays women do not use garters as much as they did in the past

6.65 gutter(n) \Ægøt´\

the edge of the road, where water flows awayMy purse fell into the gutter.

6.66 batter(v) \Æbœt´\

hitThe wind and the high waves battered the little fishing boats in the harbour.

6.67 starter(n) \ÆstA…t´\

food that you eat before the main courseShall we have spring rolls for starters?

6.68 stutter(v) \Æstøt´\

stammerThe boy got extremely anxious and started to stutter.

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Use Your English6.69 makeupone’smind(phr) \ÆmeIk øp

wønz ÆmaInd\

decideI like both very much and I can’t make up my mind which one to buy.

6.70 challenging(adj) \ÆtSœlIndZIN\

demandingMy new job is very challenging.lchallenge(v, n)

6.71 renovate(v) \Æren´ÆveIt\

repair, restoreThe restaurant will be closed for a while because they are renovating it.l renovation(n)

6.72 creative(adj) \kriÆeItIv\

imaginative, inspired, artisticHe works in advertising; his work must be really creative.lcreate(v), creation(n)

6.73 leisuretime(phr) \ÆleZ´ ÆtaIm\

free, spare timeHelen likes going to the cinema and reading novels in her leisure time.

Writing6.74 demonstrate(v) \

Ædem´nÆstreIt\

showThese people are demonstrating how to use the machine.ldemonstration(n)

6.75 heading(n) \ÆhedIN\

titlePut your notes for the last paragraph under the heading ‘Conclusion’.

6.76 request(v) \rIÆkwest\

ask for sthThe girl next door requested that the music be turned down; she has exams tomorrow and she’s trying to study.l request(n)

6.77 satisfy(v) \ÆsœtIsÆfaI\

please sbHe went to law school to satisfy his parents but the truth is he always dreamt of studying photography.l satisfaction(n), satisfactory(adj), satisfactorily(adv)

6.78 bewillingto(phr) \bi ÆwIlIN t´\

be prepared to Liz was willing to lend Jim her car as long as he promised to return it without a scratch.

Opp.: unwilling

6.79 local(adj) \Æl´Ukl\

belonging to a specified areaThe people working for the local newspaper do a very good job; the articles are always very interesting.l locally(adv)

6.80 council(n) \ÆkaUnsl\

committeeThe council finally decided to make more parks and playgrounds for the children.

6.81 provide(v) \pr´ÆvaId\

give, supplyThey have provided me with another car until I get mine back from the garage.lprovider(n), provision(n)

6.82 range(n) \reIndZ\selection, varietyThere’s a range of different designer clothes available in this shop.

6.83 reduce(v) \rIÆdju…s\

make less, decreaseWe have to try to talk less on the phone and reduce the amount of money we spend on phone bills.l reduction(n)

Opp.: increase

6.84 consider(-ing)(v) \k´nÆsId´\

think aboutHe’s considering leaving the country and moving abroad but he hasn’t made up his mind yet.lconsideration(n)

Checkpoint �-�6.85 universe(n) \

Æju…nIÆv‰…s\

worldThere’s no way we are the only beings in the universe; I’m sure there’s life on other planets too.luniversal(adj)

6.86 niece(n) \ni…s\your sister’s or brother’s daughter John bought a lovely present for his niece’s 18th birthday.

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6.87 uncomfortable(adj) \ønÆkømft´bl\

awkward, uneasyAlthough this couch was very expensive, it turned out to be very uncomfortable.luncomfortably(adv)

Opp.: comfortable

6.88 affect(v) \´Æfekt\

influenceHe’s always affected by other people’s opinions.

6.89 misunderstand(v) \ÆmIsønd´Æstœnd\

στραβάtake sth that was said wronglyCelia misunderstood him when he said he didn’t want to eat anymore; she thought he didn’t like the food.lmisunderstanding(n)

6.90 constant(adj) \ÆkÅnst´nt\

continuousPeople in the north of Turkey live under the constant threat of an earthquake.lconstantly(adv)

6.91 speedup(phr v) \Æspi…d Æøp\

go fasterSpeed up a little; we’re never going to make it if you drive that slowly!

6.92 slowdown(phr v) \Æsl´U ÆdaUn\

go more slowlySlow down! We’re going to get a ticket for exceeding the speed limit.

Workbook6.93 loseone’stemper(phr) \Ælu…z wønz

Ætemp´\become furious and lose control of yourselfWhen the manager saw that his secretary had made so many mistakes, he lost his temper and started shouting at her.

6.94 coach(n) \k´UtS\trainerThe football team has a new coach and is doing much better.

6.95 takesbalong(phr v) \ÆteIk Æsømb´di ´ÆlÅN\

take sb with youIf you promise to be good, I’ll take you along to the concert.

6.96 surfthenet(phr) \Æs‰…f D´ Ænet\

spend time looking for things on the InternetIn the evenings Peter usually surfs the net; he’s found some very interesting sites.

6.97 takecareof(phr) \ÆteIk Æke´r ´v, Åv\

look afterCould you please take care of the dog while I’m away on a business trip?

6.98 makeaneffort(phr) \ÆmeIk ´n Æef´t\

tryFred is very clever but he doesn’t make an effort; that’s why he gets bad marks on his school report.

6.99 makefunofsb(phr) \ÆmeIk Æføn ´v, Åv\

laugh at sbThe other children made fun of Tom’s strange clothes.

6.100teachsbalesson(phr) \Æti…tS Æsømb´di ´ Ælesn\punish sbSomebody has to teach that kid a lesson; he’s going around in the neighbours’ garden and picking all the flowers.

6.101playatrickonsb(phr) \ÆpleI ´ ÆtrIk Ån

Æsømb´di\have fun at sb else’s expenseJoe played a trick on me this morning; he called me, we arranged to meet and then he never showed up!

6.102takepityonsb(phr) \ÆteIk ÆpIti Ån

Æsømb´di\feel sorry for sbGeorge took pity on the injured cat and took it home with him.

6.103fancydressparty(phr) \Æfœnsi Ædres ÆpA…ti\

a party where everybody is disguised. The fancy dress party was great fun; everybody was disguised as different historical characters.

6.104threadaneedle(phr) \ÆTred ´ Æni…dl\

pass the thread through the needleHer eyesight was never very good; she couldn’t thread a needle.

6.105defend(v) \dIÆfend\

support, stand up forThe people were ready to defend their country in case of an attack. ldefence(n)

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6.106fitness(n) \ÆfItn´s\

good physical conditionA healthy diet and a little exercise every day result in physical fitness.lfit(adj)

6.107martialart(phr) \ÆmA…Sl ÆA…t\

method of fighting coming from the Far EastHe spent five years in the East studying martial arts.

6.108crate(n) \kreIt\boxGreengrocers keep the fruit in crates.

6.109brick(n) \brIk\a block of clayThere’s a very high brick wall around the prison.

6.110dizzy(adj) \ÆdIzi\

shaky, nauseous Sandra was feeling a bit dizzy so she went out to get some fresh air.ldizziness(n)

6.111carriage(n) \ÆkœrIdZ\

coachIn the past, people used to ride in carriages; that’s how they travelled from one place to another.

6.112makeitsomeplace(phr) \ÆmeIk It

ÆsømpleIs\manage to get someplace in timeIt’s too late now; we’ll never make it to the cinema in time for the film.

6.113destination(n) \ÆdestIÆneISn\

the end of a journeyThe islands in the Aegean Sea are my favourite summer holiday destinations.

6.114length(n) \leNT\distance, durationThis room is about seven metres in length and three in width.l long(adj), lengthy(adj)

6.115furthermore(adv) \Æf‰…D´ÆmO…\

moreover, what is more, additionallyAmanda is a clever girl; furthermore, she’s very hard-working.

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Reading7.1 review(n) \rI

Ævju…\

critique, commentaryI always read the film reviews before I go to see a film.

7.2 novel(n) \ÆnÅvl\

story, fictionThere’s a very interesting review of both the novel and the film The Age of Innocence in this magazine.

7.3 guidebook(n) \ÆgaId ÆbUk\

a book for tourists that gives information about a placeThe London guidebook gave useful information about the museums and sights in Lo