Peter Sherar AMAC – March 2007 1

Cranfield University

MSc Computational & Software Techniques in Engineering

Dr. Peter SherarApplied Mathematics & Computing Group

School of Engineering

Peter Sherar AMAC – March 2007 2

Cranfield University

Peter Sherar AMAC – March 2007 3

Cambridge

Oxford

London

Cranfield

Peter Sherar AMAC – March 2007 4

Cranfield University Campus

Bedford

Cranfield

Milton Keynes

Peter Sherar AMAC – March 2007 5

How do we do it?

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Cranfield Oxbridge Imperial

%

83% of Cranfield’s income is from sources other than government.

– Highest for any UK university

Strong links with industry– also strong links to

government

Peter Sherar AMAC – March 2007 6

Teaching @ Cranfield UK’s only postgraduate only university

– teaching diploma, MSc and PhD

Over 20 years experience of European double degrees– in partnership with ESTIA for ~16 years

One of Europe’s top MBA programmes– accredited in Europe, UK & US

Queen’s Award for Education

Employment : 97% (graduates in employment within 6 months)

– one of top 3 UK universities for graduate employment

~ 1 in 10 UK postgraduate engineers is Cranfield trained

Peter Sherar AMAC – March 2007 7

MSc Computational & Software Techniques in Engineering

Specialist options in

– Computer Aided Engineering (CAE)

“using software to produce and evaluate engineering solutions”– Digital Signal and Image Processing (DSIP)

“processing signals / images to extract information”– Grid Computing & e-Engineering (GCEE)

“Internet 2!, the computational grid - sharing large scale computing

resources across the internet”

Peter Sherar AMAC – March 2007 8

Course Structure Core modules:

– Programming (C, C++, Java) & Software Engineering– Visualisation & GUI’s– Computational Methods – Management for Technology

Emphasis : developing practical engineering skills for CAE/DSIP/GCE

CAE modules:Geometric ModellingFinite Element Analysis Finite Difference AnalysisCAD/CAM ApplicationsCAD/CAM Advanced Apps

DSIP modules:Signal AnalysisDigital Signal Processing Digital Image Processing DSIP ApplicationsComputer Vision

GCEE modules:Grid Fundamentals & e-ScienceGrid MiddlewareHigh Performance ComputingGrid Computing InfrastructuresGrid Development – e-Engineering Apps

Peter Sherar AMAC – March 2007 9

Research : Signal Processing Vibro-acoustic Analysis

– Fault detection & Condition Monitoringe.g. Compressor Blades (TV3-117 Engine)

Rolls Royce

Peter Brotherhood

Caterpillar

Without Crack

With Crack

Peter Sherar AMAC – March 2007 10

Research : Signal Processing

Vibro-acoustic Fault detection & Condition Monitoring

Peter Sherar AMAC – March 2007 11

Foot CameraRadar

Touch screen recording

Forward looking camera

Gaze Camera

Dashboard view camera

Automotive Vision Task : enhance driver

sensing capabilities– improve situational

awareness– maintain concentration– hazard notification

Application– safety– improved driver ability

hazardous conditions

Peter Sherar AMAC – March 2007 12

Real-time IR Enhancement

Raw IR Image Global Equalisation Near Foreground Enhancement

Depth Relative Enhancement

Improving Visual Clarity– greater road awareness– increased hazard warning

– “valued added IR”

Peter Sherar AMAC – March 2007 13

MSc Thesis Project MSc = 50% taught modules + 50% thesis project

– thesis project is industry sponsored

Past company sponsors includeIn UK: In France:

Sony Turbomeca

Jaguar Racing Dassault Systemes

Delcam (CAD/CAM company) Alstom

GKN Technology Renault Trucks

Matra Datavision EADS Astrium

AspenTech Cap Gemini

BAe Systems Snecma Moteurs

INBIS (Assystem) Airbus

Texas Instruments Eurocopter

Peter Sherar AMAC – March 2007 14

Graduate Employment Employment prospects are very good

– Cranfield : 97% of students within 6 months

– demand for CAE / DSIP/GCEE engineers strong

MSc provides many transferable skills

– software development, project management (thesis), presenting skills, engineering design, technical writing, …..

Past students currently employed with:– BAe Systems Nortel Networks Logica

– EDS Unigraphics Oracle Consulting ….

– Sony Lucent Technologies

– Cap Gemini Matra Datavision

– Flow3D Delcam

– Earth Observaion Sciences GKN Technology

MSc: Computational & Software Techniques inEngineering

options in:

Computer Aided EngineeringDigital Signal & Image ProcessingGrid Computing & e-Engineering

Student Thesis Project ExamplesStudent Thesis Project Examples

Dr LAWRENCE DANIELSDr LAWRENCE DANIELSPrinciple Technologist, AspenTechPrinciple Technologist, AspenTech

“Moving to 64-bit is of strategic importance. Utilising Cranfield staff, students and facilities to analyse the problems involved and provide some real technical solutions in this area has proved valuable for the

company.”

Dr LAWRENCE DANIELSDr LAWRENCE DANIELSPrinciple Technologist, AspenTechPrinciple Technologist, AspenTech

“Moving to 64-bit is of strategic importance. Utilising Cranfield staff, students and facilities to analyse the problems involved and provide some real technical solutions in this area has proved valuable for the

company.”

Dr Peter SherarDr Peter SherarCranfield University Cranfield University Academic SupervisorAcademic Supervisor

“Working closely with our industrial partner and applying expertise and knowledge built-up in the department to

help find solutions to improve performance of the company’s process simulation software has been a

rewarding experience for all involved.“

Dr Peter SherarDr Peter SherarCranfield University Cranfield University Academic SupervisorAcademic Supervisor

“Working closely with our industrial partner and applying expertise and knowledge built-up in the department to

help find solutions to improve performance of the company’s process simulation software has been a

rewarding experience for all involved.“

DULCENEIA BECKERDULCENEIA BECKERAMAC studentAMAC student

“Being exposed to some real software issues facing an engineering IT company has allowed me to apply technical knowledge to an area that is receiving much attention in the commercial world. Interactions with engineers working onsite and using the latest software tools provided valuable insight into the constraints of the problem, overall a very positive experience!”

DULCENEIA BECKERDULCENEIA BECKERAMAC studentAMAC student

“Being exposed to some real software issues facing an engineering IT company has allowed me to apply technical knowledge to an area that is receiving much attention in the commercial world. Interactions with engineers working onsite and using the latest software tools provided valuable insight into the constraints of the problem, overall a very positive experience!”

Project ObjectivesProject Objectives To undertake a practical investigation into the technical issues involved in porting a large mixed language engineering modelling software application (ACM) to the 64-bit Intel/AMD architectures

To convert a key part of ACM to 64-bit with performance comparisons for internal evaluation.

Outcomes and BenefitsOutcomes and Benefits Increase the size, complexity and accuracy of simulations that can be undertaken:

 Help increase sales and consulting

 Provide a strategy for moving mixed language engineering applications from 32-bit to 64-bit

64-bit ACM Porting Project64-bit ACM Porting Project

Author: Dulceneia Becker, 2006Supervisors: Dr Peter Sherar, Dr Lawrence Daniels

Simulator to test transmission

Receiver

High Scan Rate Telemetry Thermocouple Calibration Software

or

Real engine telemetry system sending temperature data from rotating blades to the casing through ultra high frequencies

160 temperature values per sample

33 samples per second

14 bits resolution

Functional Engine Simulator

Generic software based engine simulator capable of replicating the electric signals sent by many different engines. Data simulated is related to shaft speeds, temperatures, vibrations, etc…

The purpose of such a system is to have an easy to use environment to develop and the validate different types of engine test sets in a simulated environment prior to the last validation steps on a real engine.

Thesis projects by: Laurent MullerSupervisor: Peter SherarMSc Computational & Software Techniques in Engineering,option Digital Signal and Image Processing, 2006

Morphing of Complex Composite Geometry

Author – Olatokunbo OgundanaSupervisor – Dr Peter SHERARMSc: CSTE, CAE option, 2004

Morphing the shoe model with a pair of curves

Objective: Using a morphing process developed by Delcam to create an application solving two problems encountered by shoe designer:

1. Changing the toe spring of a shoe model

2. Making a shoe model fit a new shoe last

GUI developed around the ACIS kernel for input and display of results

PowerSHAPE user interface

Main features of a shoe last

Tools:

PowerSHAPE

ACIS kernel

C++/Visual Studio

Toe spring model with cubic S-decay curve (factor 0.3)

Elastomeric Fatigue Crack Growth – Integration into Abaqus

Author - Astride AREGUISupervisor – Dr A Zafrani/Dr S Leefe

MSc in Computational & Software Techniques in Engineering, Computer Aided Engineering option, 2003

Project objectives:

To establish a general methodology for the automation of model remeshing for elastomeric fatigue crack growth and to compute the solution for a extension test piece with a crack in it.

Material : Rubber Hyperelastic behaviour (no analytical solution)

Pre-Processor

Mesh Generation

Abaqus job

Data extraction

Post-Processor

Data storage

Post-processing Postprocessor reads from data extractor

Calculates the new crack length and configuration

Writes all the corresponding information into a file, as well as all other information required by Pre-Processor for next iteration

Strain energy density around the crack tip

Pre-processing Abaqus produces a binary file containing the output data

We are interested in strain energy density around the crack tip : this data must be extracted

A simple FORTRAN subroutine executes this task and writes the result to a file

Extension Loading

Crack area

Extension Loading

2D Simplification

Abaqus processing

Zone1Zone2Zone3Transition blocks

Mesh generation

Final Batch process

Modelling of the Modelling of the Dispersion of Gases Using Dispersion of Gases Using

Computational Fluid Computational Fluid DynamicsDynamics

Thesis By: Thesis By: Nikolaos Spyridon AnnitsakisNikolaos Spyridon AnnitsakisSupervisor: Professor Chris ThompsonSupervisor: Professor Chris Thompson

Date: September 2006Date: September 2006

INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTIONA three-dimensional Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) approach was applied to simulate the mean flow field and tracer dispersion of different gases at the temperature of 25 C in the vicinity of an idealized cubical building. Air and methane alone, as well as a mixture of these, were investigated in three scenarios. Time-dependent external flow was used to model these simulations using a buoyancy parameter.

Two different geometries Two different gases: Air & Methane One model: Shear Stress Transport (SST) and Three different grids

CONCLUSIONCONCLUSIONThe mixture of air and methane produced the highest maximum pressures. Air alone created approximately 50% more maximum suction compared to methane alone. The case of two-face inlet showed that the main mixing effect starts taking place past the cubical box, continuing towards the outlet. Furthermore, the boundary layer thickness increased at about 15 % of the box surfaces, and after that distance it was subjected to transition leading to boundary layer separation and recirculation.

Representation of the dispersion of air & rising methane from a source using vectors

Representation of the main mixing effect using velocity contour

MSc Computational and Software Techniques in Engineering

OBJECTIVEOBJECTIVEThe object of this work is to investigate a real scenario involving the accidental release of methane from a pipeline conveying natural gas flow. The commercial code ANSYS CFX 10.0 was used.

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NAVIER-STOKES (N-S) EQUATIONS FOR VISCOUS NAVIER-STOKES (N-S) EQUATIONS FOR VISCOUS FLOWFLOWThese equations are the mathematical formulas that computers solve and the the entire science of viscous flow theory has been developed based on these.

Mass Equation:

X, Y, Z Momentum Equations:

Internal Energy Equation:

New Transforms for Non-stationary Signals with New Transforms for Non-stationary Signals with Non-linear Variation of Instantaneous FrequencyNon-linear Variation of Instantaneous Frequency

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To create a new generic transform that can match any nonlinear variation of instantaneous frequency.

Such a transform is important for transient signals from radar, sonar and mechanical systems. This problem has not been investigated in literature.

To develop a new adaptive time-frequency transform for sinusoidal or exponential variation of instantaneous phase of a complex signal.

To investigate the chirp-Wigner transform in the case of arbitrary polynomial variation of the instantaneous frequency.

Project objectives:

The new generic transform:

The new sine-Wigner transform:

detjtxtxtftW fjs

22sinh2exp2exp)2

()2

();,( μ

The new exponential-Wigner transform:

The new sine-Wigner transform

The Wigner distribution

The signal Instantaneous frequency

Jeremy D GouldMSc: Computational & Software Techniques in Engineering, DSIP option, 2006

Supervisor: Professor L Gelman

The new generic adaptive time-frequency transform and new high order spectrum (HOS) technique

UNCRACKED BEAM. ALPHA = 0.90

Fisher value

GainExponent bicoherence

Classical bicoherence

9.24 E+04 6.85 E+04 1.35

High Order Spectra analysis based on the new transform

applied to fatigue crack detection

FOR NON-STATIONARY SIGNALS WITH NON-LINEAR VARIATION OF INSTANTANEOUS FREQUENCY

Author: Esteban LapeñaSupervisor: Professor L.Gelman

MSc: Computational & Software Techniques in Engineering, Digital Signal and Image Processing option, 2006

Site Security Using High Resolution Radar

Author: Christopher Anstey, Supervisor: Peter SherarMSc: Computational & Software Techniques in Engineering, 2006

Cranfield University - School of Engineering

Aim: The project set out to develop an existing radar system to improve its performance as a site security radar system

Networking: The original radar was a stand- alone system. The software was extended to allow sending of target information from multiple radars to a single display.

Clutter Handling: The original system did not handle clutter effectively. A normalisation process was added which caused static objects to be normalised out, leaving only changes in the scene as bright regions.

The figure on the right shows results from the previous system. Much of the image is masked out, and the circled person is difficult to identify.

The figure on the right shows performance after applying normalisation. No masking is required, and the person is clearly visible.

QinetiQ

242429/08/200229/08/2002

Project background, objectivesProject background, objectives Access to the channel list, service description via a Access to the channel list, service description via a

remote control.remote control. Provide an audible rendition of the service.Provide an audible rendition of the service. Creation in JAVA of a User Interface.Creation in JAVA of a User Interface.

Sony AVIO Digital TV ProjectSony AVIO Digital TV Project

Feasibility: Human factors Feasibility: Human factors For visually impaired peopleFor visually impaired people Flexibility for Flexibility for

- the developer: improve the service- the developer: improve the service

- the user: configuration- the user: configuration

ObjectivesTo optimise the structure of an edge detection algorithm.Techniques employedPreprocessing thresholding & morphological openingB-spline fitting from radial samplingCohen’s snake balloon model iteration

Software interface showing application of gradient vector flow snake algorithm

Optimisation of an Edge Detection Optimisation of an Edge Detection Algorithm for Echocardiagraphic Algorithm for Echocardiagraphic

ImagesImages

AMAC, Amiens Teaching Hospital, UTC

Examples of good detections

Optimised algorithm flow chart

Author – Alexandre SALVADORSupervisors – Dr Shan FU, Jean-Francois LERALLUTMSc - Computational & Software Techniques in Engineering,option Digital Signal and Image Processing, 2003

  

Project BackgroundProject Background In the Gloucestershire Diabetic Eye Screening Service, experts in the Department of Retinal Screening at Cheltenham General Hospital are currently responsible for the checking and grading of images of diabetic subjects in the area.

There is a need for an automated grading system.

Image Processing is one area of study that could form the basis for computer assisted automated detection of Diabetic Retinopathy.

ObjectivesObjectives To investigate methods based on based on filter matching and mathematical morphology for extracting and analysing pixel based and region based features.

To develop a software application with a user interface for the purpose of displaying and manipulating digital colour fundus images.

Detection of Diabetic Retinopathy in Detection of Diabetic Retinopathy in Digital Fundus ImagesDigital Fundus Images

Department of Retinal Screening Cheltenham General Hospital

Author: Jennifer Rabone MSc: Computational & Software Techniques in Engineering (DSIP option)Supervisor: Dr Shan FuHistogram Equalisation/Gradient

Mask Example

Graphical user interface

Surface Deformation Analysis in the Surface Deformation Analysis in the Investigation and Detection of Coating CracksInvestigation and Detection of Coating Cracks

MSc Computational and Software Techniques in Engineering, 2004.

Author: Stephen J LearmonthSupervisor: Dr Shan Fu

NextNext

Context

T-girder components used in construction of ballast hulls for freight-container vessels at sea.

In-situ stresses on T-girders lead to cracks forming on surface of protective coating applied during production by International Coatings Ltd, Newcastle.

Digital image processing techniques used to investigate cause of cracks on T-girder before and after protective coating is applied to establish link between strain distribution and subsequent coating cracks.

Measuring Surface Strain Involves

Sub-pixel interpolation using bi-cubic spline function.

Image pattern intensity matching using normalised cross-correlation function.

Iterative recursive search algorithm using Newton-Raphson method to estimate strain parameters.

Mapping measured displacement/strain distribution to object surface .

2D- Digital Image Correlation

Used to measure surface displacement between digital images of object surface before and after deformation.

Limited to integer-valued pixel displacements.

Example of uncoated T-girder courtesy of International Coatings Ltd.,

Newcastle.

International Coatings Ltd., NewcastleInternational Coatings Ltd., Newcastle.

back MSc Computational and Software Techniques in Engineering, 2004.

Surface Deformation Analysis in the Investigation and Detection of Coating Cracks

Author: Stephen J LearmonthSupervisor: Dr Shan Fu

Experimental Setup of Optical Imaging System

T-girder fixed securely to optical table with micrometer induced stress applied to upright plate.

CCD Camera with 1394 FireWire interface to PC and 52mm lens capturing the welded-joint region of the T-girder.

CCD camera

52mm lens attachment

T-girder sample

welded-region viewing perspective

micrometer-induced deflection

Welded-region of T-girder captured by CCD camera for analysis.

Cross-correlation reference grid superimposed on region of interest.

welded region

upright plate

base plate

region where surface displacement has occured due to out-of-plane movement

International Coatings Ltd., Newcastle.

A Grid Service Based Architecture for Persistent Online ApplicationsA Grid Service Based Architecture for Persistent Online Applications

The idea:The idea: Persistent programs are very complex, the work can be divided in Persistent programs are very complex, the work can be divided in autonomous layers (E.G.: Advertisement, Weather model, AI…). Each layer being a autonomous layers (E.G.: Advertisement, Weather model, AI…). Each layer being a kind of parallel generic GRID services run by specialized companieskind of parallel generic GRID services run by specialized companiesTwo main qualities:Two main qualities:

Enable to outsource the development workEnable to outsource the development work Enable to outsource runtime work => more scalabilityEnable to outsource runtime work => more scalability

Implementation:Implementation: Development of a demonstrator game using two Grid services: Development of a demonstrator game using two Grid services: Advertisement & Artificial intelligenceAdvertisement & Artificial intelligence

The three main entities involved and their roles:The three main entities involved and their roles:

The players’ program (C++/OpenGL/windows):Do the graphical work and listen to Users’ input event (mouse)Connect to the game producer’s program for knowing other players’ coordinates and for using Grid service features

…

…

The game producer’s program (Java/UNIX):Answer to players’ requestsOutsource job to Grid servicesAggregate the work done by Grid services

The Grid services (Java/UNIX)Handle a narrow category of tasksAnswer to the game producer’s program’s requests

Here is how the demonstrator game works with the 2 Grid services:Here is how the demonstrator game works with the 2 Grid services:

Thesis by:

Mikaël Wozniak, 2006

Supervisor:

Prof. F Wang

MSc: Computational & Software Techniques in Engineering, option Grid Computing & e-Engineering

BackgroundBackground Grid Computing and e-Science is an innovative extension of distributed computing technology.

It allows participants of a virtual collection of organisations to share computing resources.

ObjectiveObjective Using Globus Toolkit for configuring the grid environment,design and implement a new web storage service.

Storage Web Service Development Storage Web Service Development using Globus Toolkit 4using Globus Toolkit 4

Author – Lukasz GRYZBONSupervisors – Prof Frank WangMSc - Computational & Software Techniques in Engineering, option Grid Computing & e-Engineering, 2006

Design advantages:Design advantages: Service providers get direct control over the servicesService providers get direct control over the services

Local service deploymentLocal service deployment

Every client can create a new instance of the serviceEvery client can create a new instance of the service

There can be unlimited number of instancesThere can be unlimited number of instances

Takes a lot of work away from administratorsTakes a lot of work away from administrators

Simple log file for service usageSimple log file for service usage

FTP IntegrationFTP Integration

Adopted design for web storage service

Transfer options dialogMain client dialog window

Bill preview dialog