1st semester exam powerpoint
TRANSCRIPT
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observation
hypothesisexperimentconstant
The Study of LifeChapter 1
What is a testable explanation?
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The Study of Life
explorationdynamicsphysicstechnology
Chapter 1
What area of science takes scientific
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The Study of Life
adaptationdevelopmentgrowthmaturation
Chapter 1
What is the process of change that takes
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The Study of Life
Why does the Texas horned
lizard squirt blood out of its eyes?
How is a banded pipefish able tohide in its environment of seaweeds?
What chemicals cause plantstems to lengthen or flowers to bloom?
All of these.
Chapter 1
Which of the following are likely topicsin a biology course?
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The Study of Life
acquiring energyadapting to the
displaying organizationresponding to stimuli
Chapter 1
Some species of plants begin opening their
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The Study of LifeChapter 1
Because it is often difficult to gathernumerical data, ____ information is collected.a.
b.
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The Study of Life
5-6 days6-7 days7-8 days8-9 days
Chapter 1
Students in a biology class ran an experimenton a type of flowering plant. Their goal was tofind the optimal time in the plant's life forflowering. What time period will provide the moflowering plants? Use Table 1-1 to determine yo
answer. Table 1-1Day
2
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The Study of Life
adaptationequilibriumhomeostasismetabolism
Chapter 1
What process regulates an organisms internal
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The Study of LifeChapter 1
Which describes a major benefit that
bioengineering technology has provided to socia.
b.c.
d.
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a body of knowledge
a creative tool fora scientific inquiry that
an explanation supported
The Study of LifeChapter 1
What is a theory?
Th S d f Lif
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The Study of LifeChapter 1
Scientists discardobservations and data that are notconsistent with current scientific
understanding.
true
false
Th St d f Lif
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The Study of LifeChapter 1
A person studying a topic is presented with
new information that conflicts with previousfindings. What would a scientist do in this situatia.
b.
c.d.
Th St d f Lif
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The Study of LifeChapter 1
What is the basis of the metric measurementsystem?a.
b.
c.d.
Th St d f LifCh 1
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The Study of Life
forensicspeer reviewscientific methodsthe metric system
Chapter 1
A scientist wants to report the findingsfrom
Th St d f LifCh t 1
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The Study of LifeChapter 1
Which of the following results fromquantitative analysis of Figure 1-1?
Figure 1-1a.
b.c.
d.
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The Study of Life
They involve ethics.They involve forensics.They must be addressed
They require the
Chapter 1
What do issues such as AIDS, global
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The Study of LifeChapter 1
Which is an inference?a.b.
c.
d.
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The Study of LifeChapter 1
Which is an inference?a.b.
c.
d.
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The Study of LifeChapter 1
Tasha is testing the effect of blue-coloredlight on the growth of tomato plants. Which isthe independent variable in this experiment?a.
b.
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The Study of Life
a conjecturean inferencea speculation
a theory
Chapter 1
When you form a logical conclusionbased
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The Study of Life
a defined questiona curious assumptiona tested inferencea testable explanation
Chapter 1
What is a hypothesis?
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The Study of Life
accidentalanticipatedingeniouswhimsical
Chapter 1
What type of discovery is a serendipitous
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The Study of LifeChapter 1
Which of the following nutrients has
only a short-term biogeochemical cycle?a.
b.
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The Study of LifeChapter 1
Organisms with overlapping niches
probably have which type of relationship?a.
b.
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The Study of LifeChapter 1
Which process describes nitrogen
fixation?a.
b.c.d.
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The Study of LifeChapter 1
In order for scientificexperiments to be valid, they must bebased on scientific methods
that
truefalse
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The Study of Life
forensicsnatural lawtheory
physics
Chapter 1
Identify the term used to describe an
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control group
experimental groupdependent variableindependent variable
Chapter 1
In a controlled experiment, which factorcan
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The Study of Life
ecologygeneticsanimal behaviorbiotechnology
Chapter 1
Which biological science was Jane Goodall
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The Study of Life
genetically
finding ways topreventing the spread
developing new
Chapter 1
In which activity would an environmental
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y
It brings up
It causes disagreementIt does not welcome
It does not receive
Chapter 1
Which is an indication that an idea is based on
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y
food containing Razatrinfood without Razatrinfood containing
food containing a variety
Chapter 1
Scientists use laboratory rats to test theeffects
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yChapter 1numberof days
mass
Which is the
Chapter 2
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p
Referring to Figure 2-1, the coyotes wouldbe considered ____.a.b.
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In the energy pyramid shown in
Figure 2-3, which level has the smallestnumber of organisms?a.
b.
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Which of the following is the
ultimate source of energy for the pyramidin Figure 2-3?a.
b.
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predationparasitismcommensalismmutualism
p
The act of one organism consuming another
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predationparasitismcommensalismmutualism
p
The act of one organism consuming another
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from an autotroph tofrom a heterotroph tofrom a carnivore tofrom an omnivore to
Identify how energy flows through an
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biomassenergymatternutrient
What is a chemical substance that anorganism
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plants and microscopicpH and salt
sunlight, soil type and
temperature, air
Which are biotic factors in a forest
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ecosystemhabitatbiological community
biotic collection
What is the name for a group ofinteracting
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The group of animals in Figure 2-2 is an
example of what?a.
b.
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all of the biotic factors
an area where anan area in which
the role or position
Which defines habitat?
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autotrophherbivoreheterotroph
decomposer
What type of organism is thefoundation of
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They feed on fragments
They feed on organismsdigestive
They get energy fromto
They use chlorophyll to
How do detritivores obtain their energy in an
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carnivores
herbivores
autotrophsheterotrophs
Which type of organism
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decomposerprimary producersecondary producertop level consumer
What type of organism returns nutrients toan
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biochemistecologistgeologisthydrologist
What type of scientist studies water found
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carbon cyclenitrogen cyclephosphorus cycle
water cycle
Which biogeochemical cycle involves
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photosynthesisrespirationcombustionfossil fuelsdeposition ofdead material
Which process in this cycleconverts carbon dioxide and waterinto carbohydrates?
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identifying and classifyinginsects in
locating fossils of distinct speciesa geographical areaobserving the relationships thathave with otherstudying the internal organs of a
how it survives in
In what type of activity would you most expect an
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commensalismcompetition
mutualismparasitism
Certain types of tropical orchids use treesfor
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If an ecologist finds thatthe
truefalse
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snakes.It consumesgrasshoppers.consumer.grasshoppers andplants.
Why is this mouse classified as
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decompositiondenitrificationnitrificationnitrogen fixation
Which process returns nitrogen
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a.b.c.
d.
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A team of ecologists measured the salinity of the water in an estuary atvarious distances from the river mouth. They also sampled populations of t
species of clam worm,Nereis occidentalis and Neanthes succinea, at each point. The resultsare tabulated below.Which of the following hypotheses is most valuable in explaining thetrends seen in the data?Nereis occidentalis outcompetes Neanthes succinea at salinities under
14.Neanthes succinea reproduces most rapidly in areas at least 20 metersfrom the river mouth.c.Neanthes succinea and Nereis occidentalis can survive at any salinity.
d.Nereis occidentalis is more resistant to salinity than Neanthes succinea.
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If the ecologists were to take a population sample ofNeanthes succinea in an area 65 meters from the river mouthwith 30 salinity, what do you infer that they would find?
a.b.c.d.
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primary successionsecondary successionclimax communityend succession
Mosses and lichens are the first organismsto
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A biologist is searching for a new plant-based antibiotic.In which of the following types of ecosystems would thebiologist have the best chance of finding new kinds of plause in her research?
a.b.
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In Figure 3-1, where will you most likelyfind the greatest diversity?a.
b.
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In Figure 3-1, which section would account
for a lower number of organisms near thebottom of a pond due to a short supply of oxygand sunlight?a.
b.
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tundratropical savanna
tropical seasonal foresttropical rainforest
Which biome is the most diverse?
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Imagine you are listening to a series of studentpresentations in which the speakers hypothesize about th
marine life they would expect to find in an abyssal marinWhich hypothesis do you find most compelling?a.
b.c.
d.
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in groundwaterin streamsin glaciersin wetlands
Where is most of
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a biome
a communityan ecosysteman environment
What is a group of interacting populationsthat
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At which stage in Figure 3-3 are themost pioneer species found?Figure 3-3a.
b.
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What type of species would be most likely
found in the area labeled D in Figure 3-5?a.
b.c.
d.
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It is outside the range
It is the optimum zone
Organisms are unable
There are fewer
Which is true of the zoneof physiological stress?
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Environmental factors affect
One biological communityinOrganisms adapt to newfactors.Pioneer species move inexisting species.
What occurs in the process of ecological
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by their average
by their latitudes
by the type of animal
by the type of plant
By what characteristics are biomes primarily
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taiga
tundra
arctic grasslandpolar regions
Which biome contains short grasses,caribou,
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If you were dropped off on the NorthAmerican continent at a latitude of 40 N, whof the following climate zones would youdiscover there?a.
b.
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If fire were suppressed on a temperategrassland, what species do you think wouldincrease in number?a.
b.
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deserttundrawoodlandtropical rainforest
Which is the most diverse of allbiomes?
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They have
They exist near
They exist at
They contain less
Why do oligotrophic lakes contain fewerplant
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littoral zonelimnetic zoneprofundal zonebenthic zone
Which region of the
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estuarysalt marshswampwetland
Which is the most diverse ecosystem?
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the accumulation ofand detritusthe mixture of waters with
concentrationsthe variety of speciescurrentsthe wide variety ofand feed
What makes an estuary such a uniqueecosystem?
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dominated by planktondeepest area of the lakevery little light penetrates
lower in oxygen
Look at the figure.Which isnot trueof the profundalzone?
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Based on theinformation in thegraph, what can beinferred aboutcarbondioxide in the
atmosphere?
Answer:The measured increase of carbondioxide (CO
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The measured increase of carbondioxide (CO2
) in the atmosphereis mainly due to the burningoffossil fuels. As carbon dioxide
levels have increased, theaverage global temperaturehasincreased.
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Use the figure below to infer which abioticfactormight limit the survival of steelhead trout.
Answer:
Temperature
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precipitationsoil typesunlighttemperature
What is the most critical limitingfactor for a polar bear?
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The maturecommunity in this diagramis a true climaxcommunity.
truefalse
Communities, Biomes, and EcosystemsChapter 3
Average precipitation:38100 cm per yearTemperature range:
Abiotic factors:summers are very hot and dry;winters are cool and wet
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10C40C
desertboreal foresttemperate woodlandtropical seasonal forest
For which biome was this data collected?
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tundraarctic desertconiferous foresttemperate grassland
What type ofcommunity is likely to exist nearthe top of a mountain?
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bottom dwellerscrustaceansinsectsplankton
What type oforganisms enables fish to livein the limnetic zone?
Communities, Biomes, and EcosystemsChapter 3Averagetemperature (C) Averageprecipitation (cm)
0
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010
20
10025
200
What is the approximateaverage temperature and annualprecipitation in the boreal forest biome?
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emigration
imitationimmigrationmigration
What term is used to describe the numberof
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number of organismscharacteristics of
manner in which a
pattern of spacing of a
What is population density?
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when birth rate
when death ratewhen birth rate
when there are
When does zero population growth occur?
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disease
fireflooding
weather
Which is a density-dependent factor?
Population EcologyChapter 4
Some coral reefs off the east coast of South
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Some coral reefs off the east coast of SouthAmerica are starting to die off. Satellite images r
great plumes of sediment washing out of the moof rivers. What can you conclude, if anything,about the relationship between these two factorsa.
b.
c.
d. Population EcologyChapter 4
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competition
extreme coldparasites
predation
Which is a density-independent factor?
Population EcologyChapter 4
Compare primary and secondary succession
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Compare primary and secondary succession.What is the distinction between them?
a.b.c.
d.
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emigrationpredationavailable nutrientsextreme temperatures
Which factor can limit the carryingcapacity
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A place at 2 N latitude has an average
annual temperature of 6 C. What can youconclude about the environment?a.
b.
c.d.
Population EcologyChapter 4
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exponentialspatialgeneticlogistic
Which type of populationgrowth model does this graphrepresent?
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0.23232302300
An ecologist estimates a population density of
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densitydispersionlogistic spacingspatial distribution
The ecologist finds that over a 1000m2plot of
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Why does the population
Biotic factors have made
The population has reachedits carrying capacity.Density-independent factorshave slowed the growth of thepopulation.
Immigration into the
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Which factor is most responsible forthelack of plants in polar regions?
heavy grazing by
little precipitation
no soil for plants tonot enough sunlight
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What form of pollution is caused byextensive algae growth in waterways?
acid precipitationeutrophicationbiological
edge effects
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Which is not a renewableresource?
solar energyfossil fuels
agricultural plantsclean water
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Which hasindirecteconomic value?
ecosystems that
organisms that provideplants that contain
species that have
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It is likely that some ofthe worlds unidentifiedspecies will have economicvalue.
truefalse
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When does the aesthetic value of anecosystem become most apparent?
when scientists begin tostudy the ecosystem
when the ecosystemwhen the ecosystem is
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Density, distribution, and growth rateare characteristics used to classify whichone of the following?a.b.
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deserts
grasslandstropical foreststemperate forests
Where are most extinctions likely tooccur in the near future?
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habitat losseutrophicationoverexploitationnonnative predators
What is the primary factor that hasendangered the North American bison and therhinoceros?
Biodiversity and ConservationChapter 5
From Table 5 1 which species has the highest
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Area
A
Table 5-1 shows the population sizes for 6different species in four different areas.
From Table 5-1, which species has the highestaverage population size?
a.
b.
Biodiversity and ConservationChapter 5
If th f i T bl 5 1 th l l i
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Area
A
Table 5-1 shows the population sizes for 6different species in four different areas.
If the four areas in Table 5-1 were the only places inthe world to find these organisms, which species most
likely faces the greatest chance of extinction?a.b.
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habitat loss
human predatorstransported diseasesbackground extermination
What is the number one cause ofspeciesextinction today?
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agricultural plantsclean water
forest timbermineral deposits
Which resource is nonrenewable?
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farming
loggingoil drillingcommercial fishing
For which human activity issustainableusenotpossible?
Biodiversity and ConservationChapter 5
What effect did the loss of species B have on species A
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p pand D in Figure 5-3?a.
b.
c.d.
Biodiversity and ConservationChapter 5
Examine the graph in Figure 5-3. Which species were
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not affected by the loss of species B?a.
b.
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Which of the following resources can be
considered renewable?a.
b.
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Examine the food web shown in Figure 5-4. What
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would most likely happen to the organisms in this ecosystif the algae began to disappear?
a.b.
c.d.
Biodiversity and ConservationChapter 5
Examine the food web shown in Figure 5-4. Suppose an
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herbicide is used to kill some of the algae in this ecosysteherbicide does not break down in the environment. Inside
cells of which organism would you expect to find the highamount of herbicide?a.
b.
Biodiversity and ConservationChapter 5
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Which is an example of bioremediation?
replanting trees in anusing microorganisms
enacting a law thatamphibiansintroducing naturala
Biodiversity and ConservationChapter 5
For many years orchid collectors searchedExotic Islands for the beautiful Kimmarie Orchi
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Exotic Islands for the beautiful Kimmarie Orchiwhich is found no place else in the world. After
found the orchid, they brought it back to theirhomes. In the last couple of years the KimmariOrchid has not been found on the island. As a rhobbyists are now sending the Kimmarie Orchi
replanted on the islands.
The hobbyists are trying to correct the Kimmarie Orchidproblem they caused by using ____.a.
Biodiversity and ConservationChapter 5
Look at the figure Name the
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Look at the figure. Name theprocess that is occurring with the
increasing concentration of DDT.
pollution
extinctionbiologicalhabitat
Biodiversity and ConservationChapter 5
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ecosystem diversitygenetic diversitysocial diversityspecies diversity
Which type of biodiversity increases asyoumove geographically from the polarregions
to the equator?
Biodiversity and ConservationChapter 5
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It increases the number ofuseful genes.
It increases the ability ofenvironmental changes.It produces a variety of speciesbiological community.It randomly distributes
throughout an ecosystem.
How does genetic diversity increase a specieschance of survival?
Biodiversity and ConservationChapter 5
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acid rain
fertilizersPCBspesticides
What type of substances causeseutrophication of aquaticecosystems?
Biodiversity and ConservationChapter 5
land areapopulation
availability of
resources
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Which factor has thegreatest impact on a countrys rateof natural resourceconsumption?
p pindustrialization
Chemistry in BiologyChapter 6
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electron
isotopeneutronproton
Which of the following particles isnegativelycharged?
Chemistry in BiologyChapter 6
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____ represents a formula for achemical compound.a.b.
2O
Chemistry in BiologyChapter 6
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The total number of atoms in amolecule of sucrose, C12H
22O11, is ____.a.
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Chemistry in BiologyChapter 6
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Which property is responsible for thefact that water and oil do not mix?a.
b.
Chemistry in BiologyChapter 6
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Which is the best example of asolution?a.
b.
Chemistry in BiologyChapter 6
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Which beverage is the best example ofa colloid?a.
b.
Chemistry in BiologyChapter 6
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electrons
neutronsprotonsions
Isotopes are created by a change in thenumber of what particle of an atom?
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Chemistry in BiologyChapter 6
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Which of the atoms pictured in Figure6-1 is most likely to form an ion?a.
b.
c.d.
Chemistry in BiologyChapter 6
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substrates
enzymesionsreactants
Identify the proteins that speed up therate of chemical reactions.
Chemistry in BiologyChapter 6
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neutrons and electrons
protons and electronsprotons and neutrons
What particles are inanatoms nucleus?
Chemistry in BiologyChapter 6
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an equal number ofan equal number ofan equal number of
What causes the overall charge of an atomtobe zero?
Chemistry in BiologyChapter 6
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a compoundan element
an isotopea mixture
What type of substance iswater?
Chemistry in BiologyChapter 6
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chemical bonds
ionic compoundsradioactive isotopesvan der Waals forces
What provides the energy for all livingprocesses?
Chemistry in BiologyChapter 6
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a match burningsalt dissolving
water boilinggasoline evaporating
Which is a chemical reaction?
Chemistry in BiologyChapter 6
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Two substances are combined and heat is
produced. Does this provide evidence that a chereaction took place?a.
b.c.d.
Chemistry in BiologyChapter 6
Which chemical reaction is endothermic?
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Chemistry in BiologyChapter 6
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It acts as a reactant.
It reduces the amountIt increases theIt lowers the activationenergy.
How does an enzyme increase the rate ofachemical reaction?
Chemistry in BiologyChapter 6
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How does an enzyme influence a biologicalreaction?a.
b.
c.d.
Chemistry in BiologyChapter 6
What occurs at the activesite in the enzyme substrate
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site in the enzyme substratecomplex?
An exothermic chemicalplace.Chemical bonds are brokenand new bonds are formed.
The enzyme gets used upThe substrates provide
Chemistry in BiologyChapter 6
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It acts as a catalyst.
Its pH is neutral.It is a polar molecule.It is an ionic compound.
Why is water able to dissolve a widevariety of solutes?
Chemistry in BiologyChapter 6
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covalent bonds
double bondshydrogen bondsionic bonds
What type of bonds attracts water moleculesto each other and to other substances?
Chemistry in BiologyChapter 6
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Cl
OH
H+Na
+
Which ion, when released in water,causes asolution to be basic?
Chemistry in BiologyChapter 6
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carbon
nitrogenphosphorussodium
Which element do almost all biologicalmolecules contain?
Chemistry in BiologyChapter 6
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1
248
How many covalent bonds cancarbon form with other atoms?
Chemistry in BiologyChapter 6
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hormone
nucleic acidproteinsteroid
What type of biological molecule is anenzyme?
Chemistry in BiologyChapter 6
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lipidsnucleotides
polypeptidessugars
What are fats, oils, and waxes composed of?
Chemistry in BiologyChapter 6
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amino acids
fatty acidsglycerolsnucleotides
What are the monomers that make upproteins?
Chemistry in BiologyChapter 6
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carbohydrate
lipidnucleic acidprotein
Which biological molecule transportssubstances between cells?
Chemistry in BiologyChapter 6
?
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activation energyreactantsproductsenzymes
Look at the following figure.Determine what the upward curverepresents.
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Chemistry in BiologyChapter 6
Which fruit contains
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tomatoesbananas
Chemistry in BiologyChapter 6
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What is the function of thisbiological macromolecule?
communicate signals
produce vitaminsprovide supportstore and transmit
Chemistry in BiologyChapter 6
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Which is a characteristic of all lipids?
They are saturatedThey do not dissolve
They are liquid at roomThey store less energy
Chemistry in BiologyChapter 6
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An organisms genetic informationis stored in which type ofmacromolecule?a.
b.
Chapter 7
What would happen to the structure in Figure 7-4if part D is completely removed?
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It would become more rigid.It would disintegrate.It would have holes in it.It would collapse in on itself.
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Chapter 7
Which statement is a fundamental principle of thcell theory?
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a.b.c.
d.
Chapter 7
Which statement is true about bacterial cells?The cells are very large.
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The cells have no nucleus.They are eukaryotes.They have organelles.
Chapter 7
Cholesterol is repelled by water and can be foundbetween the layers of the phospholipids in the pl
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membrane. What can be concluded from this info
a.b.c.
d.
Chapter 7
Which is present only in eukaryotic cells?a.
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b.
Chapter 7
Which substance on the plasma membrane helpsidentify chemical signals from outside the cell?
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a.
b.
Chapter 7
Which organelle converts sugars into energy?a.
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b.
Cellular Structure and FunctionChapter 7
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scanning electrontransmission electronscanning tunnelingsimple light microscope
If you wanted to see a three-dimensionalimage of DNA from a live specimen,whichtype of microscope would you use?
Cellular Structure and FunctionChapter 7
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Which isnota part of the cell theory?
Cells are the basic unit ofAll living things are composedCells arise only from previously
existing cells.Cells are produced
Cellular Structure and FunctionChapter 7
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ribosomes, endoplasmiccell membrane, lysosome,
nucleus, centriole, vacuoleendoplasmic reticulum,
Which cell organelles are directly involvedwiththe production of proteins?
Cellular Structure and FunctionChapter 7
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Robert Hooke andAnton van Leeuwenhoekdesigned microscopes thatenabled them to see organelles
within the cells they observed.
truefalse
Cellular Structure and FunctionChapter 7
A scientist at the polar ice cap was studyingan ice sample from hundred of meters below thsurface While examining the ice the scientist f
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surface. While examining the ice, the scientist f
some cells from many years ago. Using an electmicroscope, the scientist identified these cell stcytoskeleton, mitochondrion, nucleus, cell wall,ribosomes. What kind of organism did the scient
a.BacteriaPlantHe did not have enough information.
Cellular Structure and FunctionChapter 7
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All cells, whethereukaryotic or prokaryotic, have aplasma membrane.
truefalse
Cellular Structure and FunctionChapter 7
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nucleusorganellesgenetic material (DNA)larger cell size
What feature of eukaryotic cells hasenabledthem to develop more specific functionsthan
prokaryotic cells?
Cellular Structure and FunctionChapter 7
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phospholipidsproteinscarbohydratescholesterol molecules
Which component of the plasmamembranecontributes to the fluidity of the plasmamembrane?
Cellular Structure and FunctionChapter 7
What is the function of carbohydrates that
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y
stick out from the outer surface of theplasmamembrane?
They give the cell shapeThey give the plasmaThey help the cell identifyThey hold the cell in place.
Cellular Structure and FunctionChapter 7
In prokaryotic cells where does the
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cytoplasm
DNAmitochondriaribosomes
In prokaryotic cells, where does the
conversion of fuel particles into usable energy
Cellular Structure and FunctionChapter 7
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chloroplastendoplasmic reticulumGolgi apparatusmitochondrion
Which organelle is similar to the sectionof a factory that organizes, boxes, andships the final product?
Cellular Structure and FunctionChapter 7
In which structure is light energy captured
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chloroplast
lysosomenucleusvacuole
g gy p
andconverted to chemical energy?
Cellular Structure and FunctionChapter 7
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At what point in the process of diffusion isdynamic equilibrium reached?a.
b.
c.d.
Cellular Structure and FunctionChapter 7
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How does osmosis occurbetween the two solutions separatedby the selectively permeablemembrane?
Sugar moves to the left.Sugar moves to the right.Water moves to the left.Water moves to the right.
Cellular Structure and FunctionChapter 7
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Which diagram shows a cell in a hypotonicsolution?
Cellular Structure and Function
Answer:
Plant cells have both cell walls andchloroplasts. Animal cells do not havethese structures. Only animal cellscontainlysosomes Both plant and animal cells
Chapter 7
Chapter AssessmentQuestions
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Compare and contrast plant and animalcells.
lysosomes. Both plant and animal cells
have plasma membranes, a nucleus,mitochondria, vacuoles, endoplasmicreticulum, Golgi apparatus, centrioles,a
nucleolus, ribosomes, and acytoskeleton.
Cellular Structure and FunctionChapter 7
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DiffusionEndocytosisExocytosisEquilibrium
_______ is the net movement of particlesfroman area where there are many particles ofthesubstance to an area where there are fewerparticles of the substance.
Cellular Structure and FunctionChapter 7
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2.5X25X35X250X
What is the magnification of a compoundlightmicroscope that uses a 10X lens in serieswith
a 25X lens?
Cellular Structure and FunctionChapter 7
What part of the plasma membrane makes
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membrane proteinstransport proteinsthe nonpolar tails in thethe polar heads facing the
p p
itdifficult for water-soluble substances tomovefreely into and out of the cell?
Cellular Structure and FunctionChapter 7
Muscle cells require a great amount of
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centriolesendoplasmic reticulummitochondriaribosomes
Muscle cells require a great amount of
energy.Which would you expect to find in largenumbers in muscle cells?
Cellular Structure and FunctionChapter 7
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In what type of cell would you most likelyexpect to find numerous lysosomes?
a plant cell that stores food,or other materials
a plant cell that uses lightphotosynthesisa single-celled organism thataround its environmenta white blood cell that digests
and viruses
Cellular Structure and FunctionChapter 7
What is a major difference between
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facilitated diffusion and active transport?a.
b.c.
d.
Cellular Structure and FunctionChapter 7
At what point in the process of diffusion is
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dynamic equilibrium reached?a.
b.c.
d.
Cellular Structure and FunctionChapter 7
A plant cell is placed in a hypotonic
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solution. What will happen to the plant cell?a.
b.
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Cellular Structure and FunctionChapter 7
Which of the following is an example of passive
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transport?a.b.+
/K+ATPase pump
Cellular EnergyChapter 8
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Energy cannot beEnergy can be converted
Energy can be convertedEnergy can be destroyed
Which statement describes the law ofconservation of energy?
Cellular EnergyChapter 8
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photosynthesiscellular respirationhomeostasisfermentation
In which metabolic process aremoleculesbroken down to produce carbon dioxideand
water?
Cellular EnergyChapter 8
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NADPH
ATPchloroplastglucose
At the end of the Calvin cycle, where is energystored?
Cellular EnergyChapter 8
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Which law of thermodynamics explains why theladybug receives the least amount of usable energy?
the first law ofthe second law of
Cellular EnergyChapter 8
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All of the energy fromthe food you eat comesfrom the sun.
truefalse
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Cellular EnergyChapter 8
Why is adenosine triphosphate (ATP) such
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It captures light energy
It is produced in anabolic
It stores and releases
It converts mechanical
Why is adenosine triphosphate (ATP) such
animportant biological molecule?
Cellular EnergyChapter 8
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chloroplasts
Golgi apparatusmitochondria
vacuoles
Where in the plant celldoes photosynthesis take place?
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Cellular EnergyChapter 8
Which mechanism of photosynthesis uses
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absorption
chemiosmosiselectron transport
C2pathway
the movement of hydrogen ions (H+) acrossa concentration gradient to synthesize
ATP?
Cellular EnergyChapter 8
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They accelerate
They release
They help the plant
They reduce the
How are the C4pathway and the CAM pathwayan adaptive strategy for some plants?
Cellular EnergyChapter 8
What is the main purpose of the cycleshown in Figure 8-3?
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sugar productionproduction of ADPdestruction of CO
2production of NADP-
Cellular EnergyChapter 8
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to make ATP
to process H2Oto store glucoseto deliver oxygen
What is the overall purpose of cellularrespiration?
Cellular EnergyChapter 8
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Which represents the general sequence ofcellular respiration?
TCA cycle
glycolysisglycolysis
Krebs
electron transport
Cellular EnergyChapter 8
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glycolysis
Krebs cycleelectron transport
Which stage of cellular respiration istheanaerobic process?
Cellular EnergyChapter 8
In which types of organisms doesthe process shown in Figure 8-4 take
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place?plants onlyneither plants nor animalsanimals onlyboth plants and animals
Cellular EnergyChapter 8
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CoACO2FADH
2NADH
Which moleculegenerated by the Krebscycle is a wasteproduct?
Cellular EnergyChapter 8
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Look at the following figure.Which part of the chloroplast
granastromathylakoidsGolgi apparatus
Cellular EnergyChapter 8
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During the Krebs cycle,pyruvate is broken downinto what compound?
H2OO
2COCO2
Cellular EnergyChapter 8
What is the role of oxygen in cellularrespiration?a.
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b.
c.d.
Cellular EnergyChapter 8
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Look at the followingfigure. Which molecule is releasedwhen ATP becomes ADP?
phosphate groupwater moleculeribose sugarenergy cells
Cellular EnergyChapter 8
Look at the following figure.What results from the removal of a
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phosphate group from ATP?a. the production of mechanical energyb. the release of energy
c. the creation of energyd. the absorption of energy by chlorophyll
Cellular EnergyChapter 8
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Which of the following metabolic pathways isanabolic?Photosynthesisbreakdown of actin in muscles
Respirationalcohol fermentation
Cellular EnergyChapter 8
A
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Which metabolic process isphotosynthesis?B
Cellular EnergyChapter 8
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At the beginning of photosynthesis,whichmolecule is split to produce oxygen (O2
) asa waste product?CO2
H
2O
C
Cellular EnergyChapter 8
Which molecule helpsprovide the energy that
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drives this cycle?
3-PGACO
2NADPHrubisco
Cellular EnergyChapter 8
The energy acquired in the light-dependentreactions is used in the light-independent reaction
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glucose molecules. How is this energy transferred flight-dependent to light-independent reactions?a.
b.
c.d.
Cellular EnergyChapter 8
Which product of the
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c p oduc o eCalvin cycle is used forthe production ofglucose and other organiccompounds?
ADPCO2
G3P
NADP+
Cellular EnergyChapter 8
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What is the final step of cellularrespiration?
O2and H+form H2O.
Electrons and H2
Cellular EnergyChapter 8
What prevents pyruvate fromentering the Krebs cycle and instead
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results in this pathway?
a buildup of CO2
a lack of oxygen
an excess ofan increased
Cellular EnergyChapter 8
In what organisms does alcoholicfermentation take place?
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pa. yeast and some bacteriab. fruit fliesc. Viruses
d. plants
Cellular EnergyChapter 8
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Which isnota process that occurs in bothcellular respiration and photosynthesis?
chemiosmosiselectron transportglycolysisproduction of G3P
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Cellular ReproductionChapter 9
During what phase do the sister
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interphase
metaphaseanaphasetelophase
chromatidsline up in the middle of the cell?
Cellular ReproductionChapter 9
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cytokinesisinterphase
apoptosismitosis
Which isnota phase of the cell cycle?
Cellular ReproductionChapter 9
Which can more efficiently supply nutrients and
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expel waste products?
larger cellssmaller cellscells with lower surfacecells shaped like a cube
Cellular ReproductionChapter 9
At what stage does a cell spend most
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ofits life?
cytokinesis
interphasemitosissynthesis
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Cellular ReproductionChapter 9
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In what stage of the cell cycle doesthecells replicated genetic materialseparate?
cytokinesisinterphasemitosisprophase
Cellular ReproductionChapter 9
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By the end of prophase, each of thefollowing has occurred except ____.a.
b.
c.d.
Cellular ReproductionChapter 9
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The chromosomes shown in Figure 9-1are in which state of mitosis?a.
Cellular ReproductionChapter 9
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Which of the cells depicted in the linegraph in Figure 9-2 are most likely cancea.
Cellular ReproductionChapter 9
Which of the following does
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notoccur as a cell grows larger and larger insize?
a.b.
c.
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Cellular ReproductionChapter 9
Why is it important for the chromosomes
t d d i it i ?
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to condense during mitosis?a.
b.
c.
Cellular ReproductionChapter 9
The typical growth period of a cell occurs
d i hi h t f th ll l ?
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during which stage of the cell cycle?a.
b.
Cellular ReproductionChapter 9
Whi h di h h ?
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Which diagram shows anaphase?
Cellular ReproductionChapter 9
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Figure 9-4 illustrates which stage ofmitosis?
a.
b.
Cellular ReproductionChapter 9
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How is the alignment of chromosomes, shownin Figure 9-4, on the equatorial plate of the cellmaintained?
a.b.c.
Cellular ReproductionChapter 9
What are the key and ignition that start the
i ti iti i th ll l ?
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various activities in the cell cycle?
chromatin andcyclin and CDKsmicrotubules andprotein and ribosomes
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Cellular ReproductionChapter 9
What is the term for the programmedd th
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deathof cells that are damaged beyond repairorhave harmful changes in their DNA?apoptosis
carcinogenscytokinesismitosis
Cellular ReproductionChapter 9
Which cells are not locked intob i
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becomingone particular kind of cell and arecapableof developing into specialized tissues?apoptotic cells
cancer cellsprokaryotic cellsstem cells
Cellular ReproductionChapter 9
This cell has completedh f i i ?
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This cell has completedwhat stage of mitosis?
anaphase
interphasemetaphasetelophase
Cellular ReproductionChapter 9
What term is used to described
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What term is used to describeprogrammedcell death?
apoptosis
anaphasenecrosiscyclins
Cellular ReproductionChapter 9
A cell has 12 chromosomes After
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A cell has 12 chromosomes. Aftermitosis, how many chromosomes will edaughter cell have?a.
b.
Cellular ReproductionChapter 9
What is the role of cyclins in a cell?
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to control the movement of microtubules
to signal for the cell to divide
to stimulate the breakdown of the nuclear
membraneto cause the nucleolus to disappear
Cellular ReproductionChapter 9
The cell cycle is regulated by
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The cell cycle is regulated bya.
b.
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Cellular ReproductionChapter 9
At what stage of
interphase does the cell take
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interphase does the cell takeinventory and make sure it is readyfor the division of its nucleus?
G1S
G2
M
Cellular ReproductionChapter 9
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DNA replication occurs duringa.
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Cellular ReproductionChapter 9
A cell that undergoes repeated mitosis withoutcytokinesis would have
a
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a.
b.
Cellular ReproductionChapter 9
Colchicine is a chemical that when applied to a cellduring mitosis can be used to freeze cells in metaphasepreventing the chromosomes from moving away from the
metaphase plate What part of the cell does colchicine mo
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metaphase plate. What part of the cell does colchicine moaffect?chromosome structure
nuclear membranespindle fiberscell membrane
Cellular ReproductionChapter 9
Cancer cells can reproduce rapidlyb th
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Cancer cells can reproduce rapidlybecause theya.
b.
c.
Cellular ReproductionChapter 9
Which is
nota condition that can result in cancer?a failure in the control mechanisms that regulate
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nota condition that can result in cancer?a failure in the control mechanisms that regulatea failure in the repair systems that fix changesa failure of the spindle fibers to movechromosomes during mitosis
mutations or changes in segments of DNA that
Sexual Reproduction and Geneticshapter 10
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The numbers in Figure 10-1 represent the chromosome numberfound in each of the dog cells shown. The processes that are occurrinA and B are ____.a.
b.
Sexual Reproduction and Geneticshapter 10
Segments of DNA that control theproduction
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productionof proteins are called _______.
chromatids
chromosomesgenestraits
Sexual Reproduction and Geneticshapter 10
What is the term for a pair of chromosomesthat have the same length same centromere
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that have the same length, same centromereposition, and carry genes that control thesame traits?
diploidheterozygoushomozygoushomologous
Sexual Reproduction and Geneticshapter 10
How does the number of chromosomes in
gametes compare with the number of chromosom
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gametes compare with the number of chromosombody cells?
Gametes have 1/4 theGametes have 1/2 theGametes have the sameGametes have twice as
Sexual Reproduction and Geneticshapter 10
Using Figure 10-3 which process would result in
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Using Figure 10 3, which process would result inthe formation of chromosome C from chromosomA and B?a.
b.
Sexual Reproduction and Geneticshapter 10
How many chromosomes would a cellhave after
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6
122436
have aftermeiosisif it has 12 chromosomes duringinterphase?
Sexual Reproduction and Geneticshapter 10
Which stage of meiosis
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prophase Iinterphase
anaphase Ianaphase II
Sexual Reproduction and Geneticshapter 10
What is the next step forthe chromosomes illustrated?
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Chromosomes replicate.Chromosomes move to
Chromosomes uncoilChromosomes line up
Sexual Reproduction and Geneticshapter 10
Which is the best description of the eventsthat take place during anaphase II?
a.
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a.b.
c.
d.
Sexual Reproduction and Geneticshapter 10
What is this process called?
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fertilizationgamete formationinheritance
reproduction
Sexual Reproduction and Geneticshapter 10
The typical human body cell contains 46chromosomes. How many chromosomes are
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chromosomes. How many chromosomes aretypical human sperm?a.
b.
Sexual Reproduction and Geneticshapter 10
Before meiosis I, the sisterchromatids of this chromosome were identical.
What process caused a change in a sectionof one chromatid?
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p gof one chromatid?
DNA replicationcrossing oversynapsistelophase
Sexual Reproduction and Geneticshapter 10
Crossing over would most likely occur during whichstage of the cell cycle?
a.
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b.c.
d.
Sexual Reproduction and Geneticshapter 10
At what stage is the
chromosome number reduced from
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2nton
?
prophase Imetaphase I
anaphase Imeiosis II
Sexual Reproduction and Geneticshapter 10
Consider the cell labeled X in Figure 10-9containing 4 chromosomes. Which of the four c
below it represents a healthy gamete that coul
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be o ep ese s a ea y ga e e a coube produced from this cell?a.
b.
Sexual Reproduction and Geneticshapter 10
The diagram in Figure 10-2 shows a diploidcell with two homologous pairs of chromosomesDue to independent assortment, the possibleallelic combinations that could be found in gam
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allelic combinations that could be found in gamproduced by the meiotic division of this cell area.
Bb, Dd, BB, and DDb.BD, bD, Bd, and bd
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hapter 11
What occurs during the process of meiosis inhumans that can lead to a child with the conditiDown Syndrome?a.
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a.
b.c.
d.
hapter 11
A person has a non-normal set of sexchromosomes but is obviously female. Her cellsBarr bodies. Which condition accounts for theseobservations?
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observations?
a.
b.
hapter 11
What part of the chromosome might beinvolved with processes such as aging and canca.
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