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    ABAP Data Dictionary Tutorial

    A data dictionary is a central source of information for the data in a information management system. Its main function is

    to support the creation and management of data definitions (or metadata).

    What is Data dictionary used for ?

    Management of data definitions

    Provision of information for evaluations

    Support for software development

    Support for documentation

    Ensuring that data definitions are flexible and up-to-date

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    Objects in the ABAP Dictionary resided on three levels that support their re-usability. These levels are:

    1. Tables and structures

    2. Data elements3. Domains

    Lets look into them in detail -

    Domains

    Describes the technical characteristics of a table field

    Specifies a value range which describes allowed data values for the fields

    Fields referring to the same domain (via the data elements assigned to them) are changed when a change is made

    to the domainEnsures consistency

    Ex. Purchasing document number (EBELN)

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    Data Elements

    Describes the role played by a field in a technical context

    Fields of same semantic meaning can refer to the same data element

    Contains the field information

    Ex. Purchasing document number (EBELN)

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    Tables

    Represent the Database Tables where data actually resides.Tables can be defined independently of the database in the ABAP Dictionary.

    The fields of the table are defined with their (database-independent) SAP ABAP data types and lengths.

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    Structures

    Are record declarations that do NOT correspond to a Database Table.

    Just like user-defined data type.

    Defined like a table and can then be addressed from ABAP programs.

    Structures contain data only during the runtime of a program.

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    Aggregated Objects of ABAP Dictionary

    Aggregated means consisting of several components. In the ABAP Dictionary, aggregated objects are objects whichcome from several different transparent tables.

    1. Views

    2. Search Help

    3. Lock Objects

    Lets look into them in detail

    Views

    Views in SAP _ ABAP are used to summarize data which is distributed among several tables

    The data of a view is not actually physically stored. The data of a view is instead derived from one or more other

    tables

    It is tailored to the needs of a specific application

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    Search Help

    A Search help is a tool to help you search for data records in the system

    An efficient and user-friendly search assists users where the key of a record is unknown

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    Lock Objects

    Simultaneous accessing of the same data record by two users in the SAP system is synchronized by a lock

    mechanism.Locks are set and released by calling certain function modules. These function modules are generated

    automatically from the definition of so-called lock objects in the ABAP/4 Dictionary

    Function modules :

    Enqueue_ to lock the table

    dequeue_ to release the lock

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    Important Transactions

    SE11 : Data Dictionary Initial Screen (SE12 Display only)

    SE13 : ABAP Dictionary : Technical Settings

    SE14 : Database Utility

    SE15 : Repository Information System

    SE16 : Data Browser

    SE17 : General table Display

    SE55 : Table View Maintenance

    SM30 : Table Maintenance

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