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Health and the Individual

By Bassem Toeama,MD

References: Administrative & clinical

procedures for the Canadian healthprofessional


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Learning objectives

Health and wellness

Health beliefs and health behavior

Dimensions of wellness

Health-illness continuum Responses to stages of illness

Effects of hospitalization


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Health and wellness


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Health

Health is a state of complete physical,

mental and social well-being and notmerely the absence of disease or infirmity.


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Wellness Optimal well-being that adds to your

quality of life. Wellness is more important than just

freedom from disease or illness.

Wellnes includes a multitude ofdimensions including Mental health,Physical health, Social health, Intellectual

and Spiritual health.


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Wellness

The positive aspects of all these different

dimensions that can help expand yourpotential to live and work effectively.

Wellness is possible for everyone,regardless of whether you have adiagnosed disease.

Wellness can be referred to as "Quality ofLife"


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Dimensions of wellness

Wellness Wheel


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physical Genetic inheritance

Age

Gender


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Intellectual dimension Cognitive abilities

Educationalbackground

Past experiences


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Emotional dimension How the mind affects

body function andresponds to bodyconditions


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Socio-cultural dimension Economic level

Lifestyle

Family

culture


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Spiritual dimension

We are not human beingshaving spiritual experience

We are spiritual beingshaving human experience


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Environmental dimension Housing

Sanitation

Climate

pollution


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Health beliefs & behavior


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behavior Actions and reactions to people,

situations, and emotions

Behavior can change with stress

Illness is stress Illness can affect behavior, not only to the

ill person, but also to people who are close

to him


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Health belief Factors influencing health belief

Locus of control

Attitudes to treatment options


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Locus of control peoples' perceptions about why

they do the things they do and, byextension, why things are the way they are- at work, and in life


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I control my destiny The more we believe that our behavior is

guided by our personal decisions andefforts, the more of an internalLocus ofControl we can say we have.


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Others control my destiny The more we believe that our behavior is

guided by fate, luck, or other externalcircumstances, the more ofan externalLocus of Control it can be

said we have.


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Smoking

Alcohol

Food habits

Exercise Life style in general


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Attitudes to treatment options some surrender to the power of doctors

Some dont believe in them


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Health beliefs influence health behavior


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Health behavior All the things a person does to stay

healthy


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The Sick Role a term used in medical

sociology concerning the social aspects offalling ill and the privileges and obligationsthat accompany it.[1] It is a concept

created by

Talcott Parsons in 1951


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The Sick Role Rights:

The sick person is exempt from normal socialroles

The sick person is not responsible for their

condition

Obligations:

The sick person should try to get well The sick person should seek technically

competent help and cooperate with the

medical professionalTalcott Parsons in 1951


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Stages of illness response Preliminary phase (Ignore)

Acknowledgment phase ( admit, no action)

Action phase (seek medical advice)

Transitional phase (accept or rejectdiagnosis, treatment

Resolution phase (cure, adjustment, or

death)


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http://www.fitnessandhealthblog.com/healt

hy-living/what-is-the-difference-between-health-and-wellness


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Morbidity & Mortality


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Morbidity & Mortality in Canada Cardiovascular disease

Cancer, Respiratory & GI diseases


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Health-illness continuum individual's state of health is one of continu

al change. He moves back &forth from health to illnes

s

and back to health again. His condition is rarely constant.


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Health illness continuum


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Health, just as life itself, is a process of

continual change We must continually adapt to these

changes in our lives in order to maintainwell-being.

It is our adaptation or response to that

change rather than the change itself thataffects our health


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Personality traits


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Health status


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Health status and confidentiality Make sure you are allowed to give

information Critical

Guarded Stable

Satisfactory

Good


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Role of MOA and other team

members

Understanding

Understanding

Understanding

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