2. insulations jackets
TRANSCRIPT
-
8/10/2019 2. Insulations Jackets
1/44
-
8/10/2019 2. Insulations Jackets
2/44
CABLE 101CABLE 101The Basics of Wire &
Cable
Copyright 2007, Belden Inc.
-
8/10/2019 2. Insulations Jackets
3/44
KEY TERMSKEY TERMS
Insulations Jacket
Capacitance
Attenuation
Velocity of
propagation Dielectric strength
Dielectric constant
Working voltage Elongation
Tensile strength
Flexibility
Flammability
Resistance Specific gravity
Dielectric
-
8/10/2019 2. Insulations Jackets
4/44
KEY MATERIALSKEY MATERIALS
Halogens Non-Halogens
Thermoplastic
Thermosetting
PVC
Polyethylene Polyurethane
Polypropylene Silicone rubber
FEP
Tefzel
Neoprene
Hypalon
-
8/10/2019 2. Insulations Jackets
5/44
INSULATIONS &INSULATIONS &
JACKETSJACKETS
-
8/10/2019 2. Insulations Jackets
6/44
INSULATIONINSULATION
Insulation separates conductors,electrically and physically, within a
cable.
-
8/10/2019 2. Insulations Jackets
7/44
ELECTRICALELECTRICAL
CHARACTERISTICSCHARACTERISTICS
Primary Insulation
Capacitance
Attenuation
Velocity of propagation
Dielectric strength
Working voltage
Dielectric constant
-
8/10/2019 2. Insulations Jackets
8/44
CAPACITANCECAPACITANCE
A measure of the insulations ability tostore electrical energy.
Generally, lower capacitance (pf/ft)equates to higher performance cable.
Expressed in picofarads per foot--andcompounded linearly with length.
-
8/10/2019 2. Insulations Jackets
9/44
ATTENUATIONATTENUATION
A measure of the cables loss ofelectrical energy.
Expressed in dB/unit length and iscompounded linearly with length.
-
8/10/2019 2. Insulations Jackets
10/44
VELOCITYVELOCITY OFOF
PROPOGATIONPROPOGATION
The transmission speed of an electricalsignal through a length of cable
compared to the speed of light in avacuum.
Expressed as a percentage of the speedof light.
High Velocity % = Lower losses
-
8/10/2019 2. Insulations Jackets
11/44
DIELECTRIC CONSTANTDIELECTRIC CONSTANT Electrical property used to determine Capacitance,
Velocity of Propagation, Impedance and relativeperformance of the insulating material.
-
8/10/2019 2. Insulations Jackets
12/44
DIELECTRIC CONSTANTDIELECTRIC CONSTANT
Symbol: Er Very important for electronic cables
Lower Er = Lower capacitance, Higherimpedance, Lower attenuation.
Air is best dielectric (Er = 1) Adding air to (foaming) any material
lowers its dielectric constant.
-
8/10/2019 2. Insulations Jackets
13/44
DIELECTRIC STRENGTHDIELECTRIC STRENGTH
The materials ability to withstandvoltage breakdown.
Expressed in Volts (V) or Kilovolts(KV)
-
8/10/2019 2. Insulations Jackets
14/44
WORKING VOLTAGEWORKING VOLTAGE
Maximum voltage allowable by UL tobe applied to the cable.
Expressed as AC Volts (V) orKilovolts (KV)
-
8/10/2019 2. Insulations Jackets
15/44
PHYSICALPHYSICAL
CONSIDERATIONSCONSIDERATIONS
Elongation Tensile strength
Temperature rating Flexibility
Flammability
Resistance
Specific gravity
-
8/10/2019 2. Insulations Jackets
16/44
ELONGATIONELONGATION
Description of how far the materialwill stretch before breaking.
Expressed as a percentage (%) Ultimate elongation = breaking point
-
8/10/2019 2. Insulations Jackets
17/44
TENSILE STRENGTHTENSILE STRENGTH
Description of how much force it takesto break the insulation or jacket
material. Expressed in pounds per square inch
(PSI) Ultimate tensile strength = breaking
point
-
8/10/2019 2. Insulations Jackets
18/44
TEMPERATURE RATINGTEMPERATURE RATING
The range of temperatures at which thematerial can be used without
degradation. Expressed in degrees (C).
-
8/10/2019 2. Insulations Jackets
19/44
-
8/10/2019 2. Insulations Jackets
20/44
FLAMMABILITYFLAMMABILITY
Ability of a cable to burn. Construction dependent.
Industry standards apply.
-
8/10/2019 2. Insulations Jackets
21/44
WEATHERABILITY
Materials ability to withstandabrasion, chemicals, water and weather
See Technical Section in MasterCatalog
-
8/10/2019 2. Insulations Jackets
22/44
SPECIFIC GRAVITYSPECIFIC GRAVITY
The weight of material compared towater
Indicates density of materials used
FORMS OFFORMS OF
-
8/10/2019 2. Insulations Jackets
23/44
FORMS OFFORMS OF
INSULATIONSINSULATIONS Solid
Foam (cellular)
Semi-Solid (air gap)
-
8/10/2019 2. Insulations Jackets
24/44
SOLID DIELECTRICSOLID DIELECTRIC Easiest to apply
Most common
-
8/10/2019 2. Insulations Jackets
25/44
FOAMED DIELECTRICFOAMED DIELECTRIC Does not apply to
jackets
Nominally 50% voids
Velocity ofPropagation 70-84%
Dielectric constant
1.64
-
8/10/2019 2. Insulations Jackets
26/44
SEMISEMI--SOLID DIELECTRICSOLID DIELECTRIC Does not apply to
jackets
Lowest dielectric
constant 1.4 Mostly air
Used on RG-8 coax,
RG62 type coax
-
8/10/2019 2. Insulations Jackets
27/44
PROPERTIESPROPERTIES Voltage resistant
Quiet
Oil resistant
Low loss
Low gloss
Low Temperature Flame resistant
U. V. stable
High temperature
Bright colors
Critter proof
Low signal emission
Abrasion resistance
Burial cable Glow in the dark
-
8/10/2019 2. Insulations Jackets
28/44
HALOGENS VS NONHALOGENS VS NON
HALOGENSHALOGENS
HALOGENS
Efficient
Good electricals Good dielectric
Good physicals
Easy to compound Processable
NON-HALOGENS
Inefficient
Poor electricals Poor dielectric
BIG effect on physicals
Low smoke No acid
-
8/10/2019 2. Insulations Jackets
29/44
-
8/10/2019 2. Insulations Jackets
30/44
THERMOPLASTICTHERMOPLASTIC
Thermo = Heat Plastic = Formable
Thermoplastic materials will meltwhen hot enough
-
8/10/2019 2. Insulations Jackets
31/44
THERMOPLASTICTHERMOPLASTIC
Lower in cost Lighter weight
Easier to color Better electrically
Most popular
-
8/10/2019 2. Insulations Jackets
32/44
THERMOPLASTICTHERMOPLASTIC PVC
Polyethylene
Polypropylene
Polyurethane
PVDF
Halar
Tefzel
FEP
TFE
PVC
-
8/10/2019 2. Insulations Jackets
33/44
PVCPVC
-
8/10/2019 2. Insulations Jackets
34/44
POLYETHYLENEPOLYETHYLENE
-
8/10/2019 2. Insulations Jackets
35/44
POLYPROPYLENEPOLYPROPYLENE
-
8/10/2019 2. Insulations Jackets
36/44
FEPFEP
-
8/10/2019 2. Insulations Jackets
37/44
POLYURETHANEPOLYURETHANE
-
8/10/2019 2. Insulations Jackets
38/44
TEFZELTEFZEL
-
8/10/2019 2. Insulations Jackets
39/44
THERMOSETTHERMOSET
Thermo = Heat Set = fixed
Thermoset materials do not melt whenheated
Once cured cannot be recycled likethermoplastics
-
8/10/2019 2. Insulations Jackets
40/44
THERMOSETTHERMOSET
More flexible ( at room and lowertemperatures)
Limp and lay flat
-
8/10/2019 2. Insulations Jackets
41/44
THERMOSETTHERMOSET
Natural rubber SBR
Neoprene Hypalon
EPDM Silicone rubber
-
8/10/2019 2. Insulations Jackets
42/44
SILICONE RUBBERSILICONE RUBBER
O NEOPRENE
-
8/10/2019 2. Insulations Jackets
43/44
NEOPRENENEOPRENE
-
8/10/2019 2. Insulations Jackets
44/44
HYPALONHYPALON