2 minute series rd3 week of may (18 may to 23 may)€¦ · as otherwise, the very quality of the...
TRANSCRIPT
2 Minute Series 3rd Week of May
(18th May to 23rdMay)
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Table of Contents
1. Tropical Forest Alliance 2020……………………………………………….2
2. Sohrai Khovar&Telia Rumal………………………………………………...3
3. Rashtriya Vayoshri Yojana…………………………………………………..5
4. TDS & TCS…………………………………………………………………………..6
5. Chilika Lake………………………………………………………………………..8
6. BS6 Norms …………………………………………………………………………9
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GEOGRAPHY
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Tropical Forest Alliance 2020
The Tropical Forest Alliance is a global public-private partnership dedicated to collaborative action to realize sustainable rural development and better growth opportunities based on reduced deforestation and sustainable land use management in tropical forest countries.
The Tropical Forest Alliance 2020 was founded in 2012 at Rio+20.
The aim of the alliance is to halve deforestation by 2020 and end it by 2030.
TFA 2020 and its partner countries, companies and civil society organisations work together to:
Improve planning and management related to tropical forest conservation, agricultural land use and land tenure.
Share best practices for tropical forest and ecosystem conservation and commodity production, including working with smallholder farmers and other producers on sustainable agricultural intensification, promoting the use of degraded lands and reforestation
Provide expertise and knowledge to assist with the development of commodity and processed-commodity markets that promote the conservation of tropical forests
Improve monitoring of tropical deforestation and forest degradation to measure progress
TFA is funded by the governments of Norway, the United Kingdom and the Netherlands, and its secretariat is hosted at the World Economic Forum.
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HISTORY
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SohraiKhovar The SohraiKhovar painting is a traditional and ritualistic mural art being practised by local tribal women during
local harvest and marriage seasons using local, naturally available soils of different colours in the area of Hazaribagh district of Jharkhand.
Sohrai is a harvest festival of the Indian states of Jharkhand, Bihar, Chhattisgarh, Odisha, and West Bengal. It also called cattle festival.
Ritualistic art is done on mud walls to welcome the harvest and to celebrate the cattle. The women clean their houses and decorate their walls with murals of Sohrai arts.
The SohraiKhovar painting is primarily being practised only in the district of Hazaribagh. However, in recent years, for promotional purposes, it has been seen in other parts of Jharkhand.
The people coat the wall with a layer of white mud, and while the layer is still wet, they draw with their fingertips on it. Their designs range from flowers and fruits to various other nature-inspired designs. The cow dung that was earlier used to cake the walls of the house is used to add colour. The dark outline is visible due to the previously applied contrasting white mud coat.
The style features a profusion of lines, dots, animal figures and plants, often representing religious iconography.
Traditionally painted on the walls of mud houses, they are now seen on other surfaces, too.
In recent years, the walls of important public places in Jharkhand, such as the BirsaMunda Airport in Ranchi, and the Hazaribagh and Tatanagar Railway Stations, among others, have been decorated with Sohrai-Khovar paintings.
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TeliaRumal TeliaRumal literally means ‘Oily handkerchief’.
It is a method for the oil treatment of yarn.
It is an art of Ikat tradition using natural vegetable dyes.
TeliaRumal cloth involves intricate handmade work with cotton loom displaying a variety of designs and motifs in three particular colours — red, black and white
The products used for the treatment of the yarn are sheep dung castor pod ashes and oil.
TeliaRumal can only be created using the traditional handloom process and not by o other mechanical means as otherwise, the very quality of the Rumal would be lost.
During the Nizam’s dynasty, Puttapaka, a small, backward village of the Telangana region of Andhra Pradesh had about 20 families engaged in handloom weaving, who were patronised by rich Muslim families and the Nizam rulers.
The officers working in the court of the Nizam would wear the ChitukiTeliaRumal as a symbolic representation of status.
TeliaRumals are also offered at the dargah of Ajmer Sharif in Rajasthan
TeliaRumals were worn as a veil by princesses at the erstwhile court of the Nizam of Hyderabad; and as a turban cloth by Arabs in the Middle East.
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POLITY
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RashtriyaVayoshri Yojana Senior Citizens, belonging to BPL category and suffering from any of the age-related disability/infirmity Low
vision, Hearing impairment, Loss of teeth and Locomotor disability shall be covered under the scheme.
Assistance provided: Assisted-living devices which can restore near normalcy in their bodily functions, overcoming the disability/infirmity manifested. They are free-of cost.
Funding: This is a Central Sector Scheme, fully funded by the Central Government. The expenditure for implementation of the scheme will be met from the “Senior Citizens’ Welfare Fund” established under the Finance Act 2015 under the Ministry of Social Justice.
Other key facts: o In case of multiple disabilities/infirmities manifested in the same person, the assistive devices will be
given in respect of each disability/impairment. o Beneficiaries in each district will be identified by the State Governments/UT Administrations through
a Committee chaired by the Deputy Commissioner/District Collector. o As far as possible, 30% of the beneficiaries in each district shall be women.
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ECONOMY
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TDS & TCS
News Reduction in rate of Tax Deduction at Source (TDS) & Tax Collection at Source (TCS).
Objective In order to provide more funds at the disposal of the taxpayers.
That is, to increase the liquidity with the tax payer.
What is TDS (Tax Deduction at Source) It is the tax deducted on certain payments before they are made to the earner.
TDS is deducted on certain payments above a specified limit.
What all attracts TDS TDS deductions are made on payments including
o Salary o Interest o Dividend o Rent o Brokerage o Acquisition of immovable property o Professional fees o Insurance Commission o TDS on e-commerce participants o Prize money on lotteries, reality show, etc
Is TDS a Direct Tax or an Indirect Tax Direct.
TDS is deducted according to the Income Tax Act 1961.
What is TCS (Tax Collected at Source) It is the tax amount that a seller withholds (and later deposits to the government) when selling goods to a
buyer.
It is applicable on the sale of certain goods (barring those used for manufacturing or production).
What all attracts TCS TCS deductions are made on the sale of goods such as:
o Timber o Minerals, being coal or lignite or iron ore o Tendu leaves o Scrap o Grant of license, lease, etc. of
Parking lot Toll Plaza Mining and quarrying
o Sale of motor vehicle above 10 lakhs.
Is TCS a Direct Tax or an Indirect Tax Direct.
TDS is deducted according to the Income Tax Act 1961.
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Possible Impact Increased demand because of increased cash in hand.
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ENVIRONMENT
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Chilika Lake
Introduction Chilika Lake is a brackish water lagoon, spread over the Puri, Khurda and Ganjam districts of Odisha state on
the east coast of India, at the mouth of the Daya River, flowing into the Bay of Bengal, covering an area of over 1,100 km.
It is the largest coastal lagoon in India (and Asia) and the second largest brackish water lagoon in the world after The New Caledonian barrier reef.
Important Points It is the largest wintering ground for migratory birds on the Indian sub-continent.
Chilika lies in the Central Asian Flyway for birds and is a major stopover site for migratory birds from the Arctic and Sub-Arctic regions during their onward and return migration along the east coast.
In 1981, Chilika Lake was designated the first Indian wetland of international importance under the Ramsar Convention.
Nalbana Bird Sanctuary or Nalbana Island is the core area of the Ramsar designated wetlands of Chilika Lake.
It was declared a bird sanctuary under the Wildlife Protection Act, 1972.
It was notified in 1987 and declared a bird sanctuary in 1973 under the Wildlife Protection Act.
National Chilika Bird Festival is the only time when Nalabana is opened for nature lovers of all around the globe.
Mangalajodi freshwater wetland and Nalabana Island which form part of the Chilika Lake have been identified as Important Bird Areas (IBA).
The rare and threatened animal species identified are green sea turtle (EN), dugong (VU), Irrawaddy dolphin (EN), blackbuck (LC), Spoon billed sandpiper (CR), Chilika limbless skink (CR) and fishing cat (VU).
Odisha Forest Department officials, wildlife experts and researchers recently sighted 146 endangered Irrawaddy dolphins in ChilikaLake(India’s largest brackish water lake), which boasts of the highest single lagoon population of the aquatic mammal in the world.
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INTERNATIONAL RELATION
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All about BS6 Norms
Introduction Bharat Stage (BS) emission standards are laid down by the government to regulate the output of air
pollutants from internal combustion engine and spark-ignition engine equipment, including motor vehicles o They set the maximum permissible levels for pollutants that an automotive or a two-wheeler
exhaust can emit Central government has mandated that vehicle makers must manufacture, sell and register only BS-VI (BS6)
vehicles from April 1, 2020 o First emission norms were introduced in India in 1991 for petrol and in 1992 for diesel vehicles
BS3 was introduced in 2005 and BS 4 in 2017 o This delay between BS3 and BS4 resulted in fast-tracking the BS6 emission norms rather than BS5 o In 2016, the government announced that the country would skip the BS-V norms altogether and
adopt BS-VI norms by 2020
The standards and timeline are set by the Central Pollution Control Board under Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change
Areas of Improvement These standards are targeted in improvements in 3 areas
o Emission Control o Fuel Efficiency o Engine Design
What changes in BS6? The presence of OBD (Onboard Diagnostics) and RDE (Real Driving Emission) on all vehicles will also enable
real-time tracking of emissions.
Diesel motors will include DPF (Diesel Particulate Filter) and SCR (Selective Catalytic Reduction) technologies