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Page 1: 2. Productivity_AED UT.pdf

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 157

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 257

4

Kontributor

Productivity

AvailabilityOperating cost

0

2

Resale value

Interest rateInitial price

Others

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 357

Produksi ndash Langsung melakukan kegiatanproduksi alat gali muat

PembagianPembagian KerjaKerja AlatAlat BeratBerat

Support

ndash Membantu kelancaran prosesproduksi road maintenanceditching dll

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 457

Pemilihan alat berat tepat

aplikasi spesifikasi jumlah

ProduktivitasProduktivitas OptimalOptimal

Pengoperasian

Peran user distributor amp

principal

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 557

ProductivityProductivity

Satuan umum productivity Total output total time

dipindahkan

Total time waktu siklus yang dibutuhkan

untuk melakukan produksi Overburden bcmhr

Coal tonhr

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 657

Total OutputTotal Output

Jumlah material yang bisa dipindahkan Dipindahkan oleh proses gali-muat-

angkut

Mis proses pemindahan overburden bisa

mentransport dari pit-waste dump sebanyak4000 dalam satu shift (8 jam efektif kerja)

Produktivitas adalah (40008) bcmhr = 500 bcmhr

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 757

Total TimeTotal Time

Waktu siklus (cycle time) yang dibutuhkan untukmelakukan produksi

Terbagi atas waktu primer amp sekunder

pastiharus ada

Sekunder meliputi komponen waktu yangsebenarnya tidak perlu ada namun ada kalanyatak bisa dihindari dalam proses produksi

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 857

Komponen Total waktuKomponen Total waktu

Machine

type

Working

type Primary time Secondary time

HydraulicExcavator

Loading Digging-Swing Loaded ndashDump ndash Swing Empty

Wait to dump idle dig toprepare amp cleaning

- ndash

Loader

forward loaded - Dump ndashreverse empty ndash forwardempty

clearing idle amp wait todump

DumpTruck

Hauling Loading-hauling-spot atdump ndash dumping-returning-spot at load

Delay amp queuing

Dozer Ripping Ripping positioning todoze dozing positioningto rip

Idle amp delay

Dozer Dozing Dozing Idle amp delay

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 957

Success story of productivity improvementSuccess story of productivity improvement

PC3000 Job Site X

Condition Cycle time 259 sec

Improve by UT KMG KLTDbull Increase digging forcebull Improvement hydraulic system

bull Operator training

Result Cycle time 246 sec

Customer

Bisakah dipercepat

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 1057

Success story of productivity improvementSuccess story of productivity improvement

HD1500 payload 150 ton

Satu trip muat penuh hanya +- 135 tonBanyak tumpahan

Ditambah extention wall+- 150 ton per-tripMengurangi tumpahanPerubahan fuel consumption amp speed

tidak signifikan Syarat utama NO OVER LOAD

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 1157

Possibility Hazard when DT OverloadPossibility Hazard when DT Overload

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 1257

KP = KB x BF x 3600 x ECT

983115983120 983101 983120983154983151983140983157983139983156983145983158983145983156983161

983115983106 983101 983106983157983139983147983141983156 983107983137983152983137983139983145983156983161

983106983110 983101 983106983157983139983147983141983156 983110983145983148983148 983110983137983139983156983151983154

983109 983101 983114983151983138 983109983142983142983145983139983145983141983150983139983161

983107983124 983101 983107983161983139983148983141 983124983145983149983141

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 1357

Productivity test for excavator andProductivity test for excavator andwheel loaderwheel loader

By DAA software

- Actual test measure takentime of every motion of themachine to know actual

cycle time productivity fuelconsumption

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 1457

ContohContoh HasilHasil daridari DAA SoftwareDAA Software

General ampSummary Data

gtgtgt

gtgtgt 983120983154983145983149983137983154983161 983124983145983149983141983098 983125983150983145983156 amp

983151983152983141983154983137983156983151983154 983152983141983154983142983151983154983149983137983150983139983141

983123983141983139983151983150983140983137983154983161 983124983145983149983141983098 983117983145983150983141983120983148983137983150983150983145983150983143 amp 983123983157983152983141983154983158983145983155983145983151983150

983120983141983154983142983151983154983149983137983150983139983141

Items to improve

Combine with DT cycle timeto get Matching Factor

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 1557

Data yang bisa diperolehData yang bisa diperoleh

Cycle time per-komponen excavatorwheel loader

Distribusi primary-secondary time

-

Fuel consumption

Estimasi produktivitas

Matching factor alat muat ndash alat angkut

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 1657

FaktorFaktor yangyang mempengaruhimempengaruhiBucket fill factorBucket fill factor

bull Bentuk amp fragmentasi materialbull Angle of reposebull

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 1757

Bucket fill factorBucket fill factor

SAE Standard Approx 11 bucket factor

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 1857

Optimalkan payload

ndash Baik untuk alat muat maupun angkut

Fleet Performance OptimizationFleet Performance Optimization

Maksimalkan efisiensi siklus kerja

Efisiensi interaksi alat muat-angkut

(match factor)

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 1957

Bucket fill factorBucket fill factor

Material yang tertinggal di bucket menjadi pengurang bucket fill factor

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2057

Fleet Performance GuidelinesFleet Performance Guidelines

Kunci tingginya performa fleet

ndash Loading rate maksimum

ndash Kecilnya waktu tunggu DTexcavator

Untuk produksi tinggi bisa

digunakan lsquodouble side loadingrsquo

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2157

Prinsip double side loading DT ngantri

Loading Double Side LoadingLoading Double Side Loading

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2257

Advantages of Double SideAdvantages of Double Side

LoadingLoading

Produktivitas fleet akan lebih tinggi Swing angle kecil cycle time loading

lebih cepat

Waktu tunggu manuver (wait to dump)shovel relatif kecil bahkan hampirtidak ada

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2357

Disadvantage of double sideDisadvantage of double side

loadingloading

Hauling cost lebih mahaldaripada loading cost

Dump truck mengantri lebihrugi daripada shovel nunggu

Double side loading yangmerupakan kelebihan shovel

mulai ditinggalkan

Penggunaan shovel akan

makin berkurang

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2457

Excavator Case StudyExcavator Case Study

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2557

KP = x x(n x ct) + JV1 + JV2 + t1+ t2

983115983120 983101 983120983154983151983140983157983139983156983145983158983145983156983161983107 983101 983120983154983151983140983157983139983156983145983151983150 983152983141983154 983124983154983145983152

983109 983101 983114983151983138 983109983142983142983145983139983145983141983150983139983161

983150 983101 983114983157983149983148983137983144 983120983144983137983155983141

983139983156 983101 983107983161983139983148983141 983124983145983149983141 983116983151983137983140983141983154

983114 983101 983112983137983157983148983145983150983143 983108983145983155983156983137983150983139983141983126983089 983101 983112983137983157983148983145983150983143 983123983152983141983141983140

983126983090 983101 983122983141983156983157983154983150983145983150983143 983123983152983141983141983140

983156983089 983101 983108983157983149983152983145983150983143 983124983145983149983141

983124983090 983101 983117983137983150983157983158983141983154 983124983145983149983141

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2657

DUMP TRUCK PRODUCTIVITY FACTORDUMP TRUCK PRODUCTIVITY FACTOR

BUCKET

CAPACITY

VESSELCONTAINMENT

NUMBER OFPASSES

PAYLOAD

BENCHCONDITION

LOADINGMETHOD

MATERIALCONDITION

PRODUCTIVITY

CYCLE-TIME

LOADINGTIME

SPEED

SPOTTIME

WAITINGTIME

HAULING amp

RETURN TIME

MATCHING

DISTANCE

LOADING TIMEPER-PASS

EXCAVATOR

OPERATOR SKILL

DT OPERATORSKILL

ROADCONDITION

DTCHARACTERISTIC

TRAFFICCONDITION

SPOT AREACONDITION

AVAILABLEPOWER

TIRE

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2757

General Haulage Unit ProductivityGeneral Haulage Unit Productivity

Haulage Cycle Components

Description+ Spot Time (1st Pass Delay)

+ Load Time

+ Haul Time

+ Turn and Dump Time

+ Return Time

+ Wait Delays (Repetitive)

Total Truck Cycle Time

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2857

Spot TimeManouver TimeSpot TimeManouver Time

Manuver di loading area Untuk mempercepat proses perlu

cukup untuk manuver

Rear Dump Trucks 15 ndash 40 seconds

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2957

Load TimeLoad Time

Waktu pemuatan

Mulai lsquobucket dumprsquo pertama sampai lsquobucketdumprsquo terakhir

- - -empty

Sering terganggu untuk pekerjaan lsquogeneralrsquo

ndash Faceslope Development

ndash Floor Clean-Up

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3057

Turn and Dump TimeTurn and Dump Time

Manuver amp dumping di disposal Raise and Descend Time for vessel

jalan dumping area yang buruk

Total Time asympasympasympasymp 100 minute

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3157

Wait Time Queuing TimeWait Time Queuing Time

Antri saat pemuatan Matching factor gt 1

Antri saat dumping umumnya untuk DT yangdumping di hoper atau disposal area sempit

sebagai bagian dari hauling time

Bisa dikurangi dengan perhitungan matchingfactor yang tepat

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3257

Travel TimeTravel Time

Can be loaded travel or empty travel

Either Method Requires Detailed ProfileInformation such as

ndash Distance ndash Grade Resistance

ndash Rolling Resistance

ndash Speed Limits

ndash Curve Locations and Radius Figures

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3357

The sum of

ndash Spot and wait time

ndash Load time

Truck Cycle TimeTruck Cycle Time

ndash All travel time

ndash Turn amp dump time plus all other fixed time

Number of cycles hour equals ndash Define production time per hour

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3457

Haul Truck Performance Optimization

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3557

Critical Operating ParametersCritical Operating Parameters

PayloadPayload Typical Rolling Resistance ValuesTypical Rolling Resistance Values

o ng es s anceo ng es s ance

Construction Methods andConstruction Methods andMaterialsMaterials

Road CharacteristicRoad Characteristic DrainageDrainage

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3657

Typical Rolling Resistance ValuesTypical Rolling Resistance ValuesTire Rolling

Penetration Resistance

Hard smooth stabilized surface roadway withoutpenetration under load maintained watered

0 2

Firm smooth rolling roadway with dirt or light surfacingflexing slightly under load maintained watered

12-1 3

Conditions

Dirt roadway rutted flexing under load little maintenanceno water 1-2 in (25-50 mm) tire penetration 1-2 5

Rutted dirt roadway soft under travel no maintenance nostabilization 4-6 in (100-150 mm) tire penetration

4-6 8

Loose sand or gravel 6+ 10

Soft muddy rutted roadway no maintenance 6-12 10-20

Snow packed - 45

Snow loose - 25

Rolling ResistanceRolling Resistance

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3757

Rolling Resistance 15 - 20

Asphalt Paved Road Well Maintained Unpaved RoadRolling Resistance 25~30 Rolling Resistance 35

Compacted maintained by MotorGrader but still soft on surface

Rolling ResistanceRolling Resistance

Soft not well maintained such asloading area

Rolling Resistance 50

Badly maintained not compacted

Rolling Resistance 80 Rolling Resistance 15~20

Not maintained at all Soft muddyNot for rigid dump trucks

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3857

bull ldquoOpenrdquo dimensionbull CBR 80 or greater crushed

Construction Methods andConstruction Methods and

MaterialsMaterials

bull Layers =lt 8 in (20 cm)bull Subbase 2 ft (06m) widerbull Repeated passes- -tracked

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3957

ndash Maximize Safety Speeds ndash Minimize Tire Wear ndash Minimize Spillage

Curve SuperelevationCurve Superelevation

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4057

Road WidthRoad Width

For mining with various of dump truck size follow the biggest dump truck

Dimensi lebar jalan 35 x lebar Dump Truck

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4157

Curve RadiusCurve Radius

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4257

Drainage ControlDrainage Control

Rapid removal of water

Adequate ditch capacity and incline

Crown appropriate for multiple-laneconstruction

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4357

Dump Truck Case StudyDump Truck Case Study

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4457

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4557

General Ripping InformationGeneral Ripping Information Ripper point Penetration ndash Key to Ripping Feasibility

Ripping Feasibility by Rock Type ndash Sedimentary Rocks ( sandstone shale limestone) ndash Feasible

ndash ndash

Questionable to Not Possible

Favorable Rock Characteristics for Ripping

ndash Stratified (Surface Cracking)

ndash Weathered ndash Laminated (Layered)

ndash Brittle

ndash Fractured

Ripping is More Technique than Science

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4657

Ripping Dozing TechniqueRipping Dozing Technique

Mengetahui arah lapisan kekerasanmaterial

Metode menumpuk material untukumpan excavator

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4757

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4857

Bench Height amp Bucket SizeRelationship

Bench HeightBench Height

1 Material height min 15 bucketheight minimum

2 Gravity Assistance needed

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4957

Wheel Loader Cycle Time FiguresWheel Loader Cycle Time Figures

Loader Type sec 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 40 42 44 46 48 50 52 54 56 58 60 62 64 66WA800

WA900

WA1200

Wheel Loader Application - V Cycle Loading

Digging Conditions Attention

= Easy 1) Cycle times are average figures and for diggable material only 2) Cycle times for standard attachments only

3) Hi-Lift specifications increase cycle times by approximately 2-3 seconds

= Average 4) Due to the many variables present at most job sites the preceding cycle

time figures are for planning purpose only and cannot be guaranteed

in any manner

= Severe

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5057

Wheel Loader ProductivityWheel Loader Productivity

Productivity Components

+ Truck Spot Time (1st Pass Delay)

+ Load Time (field cycle time data or estimates)

ndash Consider normal process delays such asbull Floor Clean-up

bull Face Development

bull Positioning etc

+ Wait for Trucks (if any)

Total Loading Tool Cycle Time per Truck

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5157

Wheel Loader ProductivityWheel Loader Productivity

Productivity Calculation

Production Minutes Hr (Job Efficiency Factor)

bull Operator efficiency amp motivation

bull Work organization

bull Management amp supervision

divide Loading Tool Cycle Time per Truck

Number of Trucks per Hour

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5257

Effects of OverloadingEffects of Overloading

1 Exceeds Rated Capacity

2 Machine Stability

3 Compromises Safety

4 Shortened Component Life

bull Boom Cracking

bull Hydraulic System

bull Tire Wear

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5357

Prinsip Pemuatan OptimalPrinsip Pemuatan Optimal

Waktu tunggu sekecil mungkin

Ideal Number of Passes = 3 ndash 5

(tidak ada frac12 bucket)

Kesesuaian dengan dump truck

ndash Loading Height ndash Reach

ndash Bucket Length

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5457

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5557

Fleet ProductivityFleet Productivity Total produksi material yang bisa tertransport per-

satuan waktu Satuan umum fleet productivity

Ritase alat angkutjam - =

HD785-5 = 42 bcmrit

PC1250 01 PC1250 02 PC2000 01475

630 - 700 Daily Daily Daily

700 - 800 506

800 - 900 330

900 - 1000 572

1000 - 1100 550

1100 - 1200 4181200 - 1300

1300 - 1400 462

1400 - 1500 Hujan Hujan Hujan

1500 - 1600 636

1600 - 1700 572

1700 - 1800 462

1800 - 1830 220Total per shift 4728

Rata2 perjam 4948

ExcavatorTarget BCMhr

Istirahat

Prestasi akhir fleet akan terlihat pada

performa alat angkut

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5657

Matching FactorMatching Factor

MF =Jml Excavator x CT DT

x x v x u

MF gt 1 DT antri

MF lt 1 Excavator nungguCommon practice MF = 09 - 1

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5757

Page 2: 2. Productivity_AED UT.pdf

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 257

4

Kontributor

Productivity

AvailabilityOperating cost

0

2

Resale value

Interest rateInitial price

Others

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 357

Produksi ndash Langsung melakukan kegiatanproduksi alat gali muat

PembagianPembagian KerjaKerja AlatAlat BeratBerat

Support

ndash Membantu kelancaran prosesproduksi road maintenanceditching dll

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 457

Pemilihan alat berat tepat

aplikasi spesifikasi jumlah

ProduktivitasProduktivitas OptimalOptimal

Pengoperasian

Peran user distributor amp

principal

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 557

ProductivityProductivity

Satuan umum productivity Total output total time

dipindahkan

Total time waktu siklus yang dibutuhkan

untuk melakukan produksi Overburden bcmhr

Coal tonhr

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 657

Total OutputTotal Output

Jumlah material yang bisa dipindahkan Dipindahkan oleh proses gali-muat-

angkut

Mis proses pemindahan overburden bisa

mentransport dari pit-waste dump sebanyak4000 dalam satu shift (8 jam efektif kerja)

Produktivitas adalah (40008) bcmhr = 500 bcmhr

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 757

Total TimeTotal Time

Waktu siklus (cycle time) yang dibutuhkan untukmelakukan produksi

Terbagi atas waktu primer amp sekunder

pastiharus ada

Sekunder meliputi komponen waktu yangsebenarnya tidak perlu ada namun ada kalanyatak bisa dihindari dalam proses produksi

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 857

Komponen Total waktuKomponen Total waktu

Machine

type

Working

type Primary time Secondary time

HydraulicExcavator

Loading Digging-Swing Loaded ndashDump ndash Swing Empty

Wait to dump idle dig toprepare amp cleaning

- ndash

Loader

forward loaded - Dump ndashreverse empty ndash forwardempty

clearing idle amp wait todump

DumpTruck

Hauling Loading-hauling-spot atdump ndash dumping-returning-spot at load

Delay amp queuing

Dozer Ripping Ripping positioning todoze dozing positioningto rip

Idle amp delay

Dozer Dozing Dozing Idle amp delay

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 957

Success story of productivity improvementSuccess story of productivity improvement

PC3000 Job Site X

Condition Cycle time 259 sec

Improve by UT KMG KLTDbull Increase digging forcebull Improvement hydraulic system

bull Operator training

Result Cycle time 246 sec

Customer

Bisakah dipercepat

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 1057

Success story of productivity improvementSuccess story of productivity improvement

HD1500 payload 150 ton

Satu trip muat penuh hanya +- 135 tonBanyak tumpahan

Ditambah extention wall+- 150 ton per-tripMengurangi tumpahanPerubahan fuel consumption amp speed

tidak signifikan Syarat utama NO OVER LOAD

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 1157

Possibility Hazard when DT OverloadPossibility Hazard when DT Overload

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 1257

KP = KB x BF x 3600 x ECT

983115983120 983101 983120983154983151983140983157983139983156983145983158983145983156983161

983115983106 983101 983106983157983139983147983141983156 983107983137983152983137983139983145983156983161

983106983110 983101 983106983157983139983147983141983156 983110983145983148983148 983110983137983139983156983151983154

983109 983101 983114983151983138 983109983142983142983145983139983145983141983150983139983161

983107983124 983101 983107983161983139983148983141 983124983145983149983141

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 1357

Productivity test for excavator andProductivity test for excavator andwheel loaderwheel loader

By DAA software

- Actual test measure takentime of every motion of themachine to know actual

cycle time productivity fuelconsumption

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 1457

ContohContoh HasilHasil daridari DAA SoftwareDAA Software

General ampSummary Data

gtgtgt

gtgtgt 983120983154983145983149983137983154983161 983124983145983149983141983098 983125983150983145983156 amp

983151983152983141983154983137983156983151983154 983152983141983154983142983151983154983149983137983150983139983141

983123983141983139983151983150983140983137983154983161 983124983145983149983141983098 983117983145983150983141983120983148983137983150983150983145983150983143 amp 983123983157983152983141983154983158983145983155983145983151983150

983120983141983154983142983151983154983149983137983150983139983141

Items to improve

Combine with DT cycle timeto get Matching Factor

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 1557

Data yang bisa diperolehData yang bisa diperoleh

Cycle time per-komponen excavatorwheel loader

Distribusi primary-secondary time

-

Fuel consumption

Estimasi produktivitas

Matching factor alat muat ndash alat angkut

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 1657

FaktorFaktor yangyang mempengaruhimempengaruhiBucket fill factorBucket fill factor

bull Bentuk amp fragmentasi materialbull Angle of reposebull

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 1757

Bucket fill factorBucket fill factor

SAE Standard Approx 11 bucket factor

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 1857

Optimalkan payload

ndash Baik untuk alat muat maupun angkut

Fleet Performance OptimizationFleet Performance Optimization

Maksimalkan efisiensi siklus kerja

Efisiensi interaksi alat muat-angkut

(match factor)

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 1957

Bucket fill factorBucket fill factor

Material yang tertinggal di bucket menjadi pengurang bucket fill factor

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2057

Fleet Performance GuidelinesFleet Performance Guidelines

Kunci tingginya performa fleet

ndash Loading rate maksimum

ndash Kecilnya waktu tunggu DTexcavator

Untuk produksi tinggi bisa

digunakan lsquodouble side loadingrsquo

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2157

Prinsip double side loading DT ngantri

Loading Double Side LoadingLoading Double Side Loading

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2257

Advantages of Double SideAdvantages of Double Side

LoadingLoading

Produktivitas fleet akan lebih tinggi Swing angle kecil cycle time loading

lebih cepat

Waktu tunggu manuver (wait to dump)shovel relatif kecil bahkan hampirtidak ada

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2357

Disadvantage of double sideDisadvantage of double side

loadingloading

Hauling cost lebih mahaldaripada loading cost

Dump truck mengantri lebihrugi daripada shovel nunggu

Double side loading yangmerupakan kelebihan shovel

mulai ditinggalkan

Penggunaan shovel akan

makin berkurang

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2457

Excavator Case StudyExcavator Case Study

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2557

KP = x x(n x ct) + JV1 + JV2 + t1+ t2

983115983120 983101 983120983154983151983140983157983139983156983145983158983145983156983161983107 983101 983120983154983151983140983157983139983156983145983151983150 983152983141983154 983124983154983145983152

983109 983101 983114983151983138 983109983142983142983145983139983145983141983150983139983161

983150 983101 983114983157983149983148983137983144 983120983144983137983155983141

983139983156 983101 983107983161983139983148983141 983124983145983149983141 983116983151983137983140983141983154

983114 983101 983112983137983157983148983145983150983143 983108983145983155983156983137983150983139983141983126983089 983101 983112983137983157983148983145983150983143 983123983152983141983141983140

983126983090 983101 983122983141983156983157983154983150983145983150983143 983123983152983141983141983140

983156983089 983101 983108983157983149983152983145983150983143 983124983145983149983141

983124983090 983101 983117983137983150983157983158983141983154 983124983145983149983141

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2657

DUMP TRUCK PRODUCTIVITY FACTORDUMP TRUCK PRODUCTIVITY FACTOR

BUCKET

CAPACITY

VESSELCONTAINMENT

NUMBER OFPASSES

PAYLOAD

BENCHCONDITION

LOADINGMETHOD

MATERIALCONDITION

PRODUCTIVITY

CYCLE-TIME

LOADINGTIME

SPEED

SPOTTIME

WAITINGTIME

HAULING amp

RETURN TIME

MATCHING

DISTANCE

LOADING TIMEPER-PASS

EXCAVATOR

OPERATOR SKILL

DT OPERATORSKILL

ROADCONDITION

DTCHARACTERISTIC

TRAFFICCONDITION

SPOT AREACONDITION

AVAILABLEPOWER

TIRE

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2757

General Haulage Unit ProductivityGeneral Haulage Unit Productivity

Haulage Cycle Components

Description+ Spot Time (1st Pass Delay)

+ Load Time

+ Haul Time

+ Turn and Dump Time

+ Return Time

+ Wait Delays (Repetitive)

Total Truck Cycle Time

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2857

Spot TimeManouver TimeSpot TimeManouver Time

Manuver di loading area Untuk mempercepat proses perlu

cukup untuk manuver

Rear Dump Trucks 15 ndash 40 seconds

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2957

Load TimeLoad Time

Waktu pemuatan

Mulai lsquobucket dumprsquo pertama sampai lsquobucketdumprsquo terakhir

- - -empty

Sering terganggu untuk pekerjaan lsquogeneralrsquo

ndash Faceslope Development

ndash Floor Clean-Up

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3057

Turn and Dump TimeTurn and Dump Time

Manuver amp dumping di disposal Raise and Descend Time for vessel

jalan dumping area yang buruk

Total Time asympasympasympasymp 100 minute

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3157

Wait Time Queuing TimeWait Time Queuing Time

Antri saat pemuatan Matching factor gt 1

Antri saat dumping umumnya untuk DT yangdumping di hoper atau disposal area sempit

sebagai bagian dari hauling time

Bisa dikurangi dengan perhitungan matchingfactor yang tepat

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3257

Travel TimeTravel Time

Can be loaded travel or empty travel

Either Method Requires Detailed ProfileInformation such as

ndash Distance ndash Grade Resistance

ndash Rolling Resistance

ndash Speed Limits

ndash Curve Locations and Radius Figures

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3357

The sum of

ndash Spot and wait time

ndash Load time

Truck Cycle TimeTruck Cycle Time

ndash All travel time

ndash Turn amp dump time plus all other fixed time

Number of cycles hour equals ndash Define production time per hour

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3457

Haul Truck Performance Optimization

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3557

Critical Operating ParametersCritical Operating Parameters

PayloadPayload Typical Rolling Resistance ValuesTypical Rolling Resistance Values

o ng es s anceo ng es s ance

Construction Methods andConstruction Methods andMaterialsMaterials

Road CharacteristicRoad Characteristic DrainageDrainage

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3657

Typical Rolling Resistance ValuesTypical Rolling Resistance ValuesTire Rolling

Penetration Resistance

Hard smooth stabilized surface roadway withoutpenetration under load maintained watered

0 2

Firm smooth rolling roadway with dirt or light surfacingflexing slightly under load maintained watered

12-1 3

Conditions

Dirt roadway rutted flexing under load little maintenanceno water 1-2 in (25-50 mm) tire penetration 1-2 5

Rutted dirt roadway soft under travel no maintenance nostabilization 4-6 in (100-150 mm) tire penetration

4-6 8

Loose sand or gravel 6+ 10

Soft muddy rutted roadway no maintenance 6-12 10-20

Snow packed - 45

Snow loose - 25

Rolling ResistanceRolling Resistance

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3757

Rolling Resistance 15 - 20

Asphalt Paved Road Well Maintained Unpaved RoadRolling Resistance 25~30 Rolling Resistance 35

Compacted maintained by MotorGrader but still soft on surface

Rolling ResistanceRolling Resistance

Soft not well maintained such asloading area

Rolling Resistance 50

Badly maintained not compacted

Rolling Resistance 80 Rolling Resistance 15~20

Not maintained at all Soft muddyNot for rigid dump trucks

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3857

bull ldquoOpenrdquo dimensionbull CBR 80 or greater crushed

Construction Methods andConstruction Methods and

MaterialsMaterials

bull Layers =lt 8 in (20 cm)bull Subbase 2 ft (06m) widerbull Repeated passes- -tracked

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3957

ndash Maximize Safety Speeds ndash Minimize Tire Wear ndash Minimize Spillage

Curve SuperelevationCurve Superelevation

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4057

Road WidthRoad Width

For mining with various of dump truck size follow the biggest dump truck

Dimensi lebar jalan 35 x lebar Dump Truck

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4157

Curve RadiusCurve Radius

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4257

Drainage ControlDrainage Control

Rapid removal of water

Adequate ditch capacity and incline

Crown appropriate for multiple-laneconstruction

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4357

Dump Truck Case StudyDump Truck Case Study

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4457

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4557

General Ripping InformationGeneral Ripping Information Ripper point Penetration ndash Key to Ripping Feasibility

Ripping Feasibility by Rock Type ndash Sedimentary Rocks ( sandstone shale limestone) ndash Feasible

ndash ndash

Questionable to Not Possible

Favorable Rock Characteristics for Ripping

ndash Stratified (Surface Cracking)

ndash Weathered ndash Laminated (Layered)

ndash Brittle

ndash Fractured

Ripping is More Technique than Science

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4657

Ripping Dozing TechniqueRipping Dozing Technique

Mengetahui arah lapisan kekerasanmaterial

Metode menumpuk material untukumpan excavator

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4757

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4857

Bench Height amp Bucket SizeRelationship

Bench HeightBench Height

1 Material height min 15 bucketheight minimum

2 Gravity Assistance needed

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4957

Wheel Loader Cycle Time FiguresWheel Loader Cycle Time Figures

Loader Type sec 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 40 42 44 46 48 50 52 54 56 58 60 62 64 66WA800

WA900

WA1200

Wheel Loader Application - V Cycle Loading

Digging Conditions Attention

= Easy 1) Cycle times are average figures and for diggable material only 2) Cycle times for standard attachments only

3) Hi-Lift specifications increase cycle times by approximately 2-3 seconds

= Average 4) Due to the many variables present at most job sites the preceding cycle

time figures are for planning purpose only and cannot be guaranteed

in any manner

= Severe

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5057

Wheel Loader ProductivityWheel Loader Productivity

Productivity Components

+ Truck Spot Time (1st Pass Delay)

+ Load Time (field cycle time data or estimates)

ndash Consider normal process delays such asbull Floor Clean-up

bull Face Development

bull Positioning etc

+ Wait for Trucks (if any)

Total Loading Tool Cycle Time per Truck

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5157

Wheel Loader ProductivityWheel Loader Productivity

Productivity Calculation

Production Minutes Hr (Job Efficiency Factor)

bull Operator efficiency amp motivation

bull Work organization

bull Management amp supervision

divide Loading Tool Cycle Time per Truck

Number of Trucks per Hour

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5257

Effects of OverloadingEffects of Overloading

1 Exceeds Rated Capacity

2 Machine Stability

3 Compromises Safety

4 Shortened Component Life

bull Boom Cracking

bull Hydraulic System

bull Tire Wear

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5357

Prinsip Pemuatan OptimalPrinsip Pemuatan Optimal

Waktu tunggu sekecil mungkin

Ideal Number of Passes = 3 ndash 5

(tidak ada frac12 bucket)

Kesesuaian dengan dump truck

ndash Loading Height ndash Reach

ndash Bucket Length

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5457

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5557

Fleet ProductivityFleet Productivity Total produksi material yang bisa tertransport per-

satuan waktu Satuan umum fleet productivity

Ritase alat angkutjam - =

HD785-5 = 42 bcmrit

PC1250 01 PC1250 02 PC2000 01475

630 - 700 Daily Daily Daily

700 - 800 506

800 - 900 330

900 - 1000 572

1000 - 1100 550

1100 - 1200 4181200 - 1300

1300 - 1400 462

1400 - 1500 Hujan Hujan Hujan

1500 - 1600 636

1600 - 1700 572

1700 - 1800 462

1800 - 1830 220Total per shift 4728

Rata2 perjam 4948

ExcavatorTarget BCMhr

Istirahat

Prestasi akhir fleet akan terlihat pada

performa alat angkut

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5657

Matching FactorMatching Factor

MF =Jml Excavator x CT DT

x x v x u

MF gt 1 DT antri

MF lt 1 Excavator nungguCommon practice MF = 09 - 1

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5757

Page 3: 2. Productivity_AED UT.pdf

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

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Produksi ndash Langsung melakukan kegiatanproduksi alat gali muat

PembagianPembagian KerjaKerja AlatAlat BeratBerat

Support

ndash Membantu kelancaran prosesproduksi road maintenanceditching dll

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 457

Pemilihan alat berat tepat

aplikasi spesifikasi jumlah

ProduktivitasProduktivitas OptimalOptimal

Pengoperasian

Peran user distributor amp

principal

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 557

ProductivityProductivity

Satuan umum productivity Total output total time

dipindahkan

Total time waktu siklus yang dibutuhkan

untuk melakukan produksi Overburden bcmhr

Coal tonhr

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 657

Total OutputTotal Output

Jumlah material yang bisa dipindahkan Dipindahkan oleh proses gali-muat-

angkut

Mis proses pemindahan overburden bisa

mentransport dari pit-waste dump sebanyak4000 dalam satu shift (8 jam efektif kerja)

Produktivitas adalah (40008) bcmhr = 500 bcmhr

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 757

Total TimeTotal Time

Waktu siklus (cycle time) yang dibutuhkan untukmelakukan produksi

Terbagi atas waktu primer amp sekunder

pastiharus ada

Sekunder meliputi komponen waktu yangsebenarnya tidak perlu ada namun ada kalanyatak bisa dihindari dalam proses produksi

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 857

Komponen Total waktuKomponen Total waktu

Machine

type

Working

type Primary time Secondary time

HydraulicExcavator

Loading Digging-Swing Loaded ndashDump ndash Swing Empty

Wait to dump idle dig toprepare amp cleaning

- ndash

Loader

forward loaded - Dump ndashreverse empty ndash forwardempty

clearing idle amp wait todump

DumpTruck

Hauling Loading-hauling-spot atdump ndash dumping-returning-spot at load

Delay amp queuing

Dozer Ripping Ripping positioning todoze dozing positioningto rip

Idle amp delay

Dozer Dozing Dozing Idle amp delay

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 957

Success story of productivity improvementSuccess story of productivity improvement

PC3000 Job Site X

Condition Cycle time 259 sec

Improve by UT KMG KLTDbull Increase digging forcebull Improvement hydraulic system

bull Operator training

Result Cycle time 246 sec

Customer

Bisakah dipercepat

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 1057

Success story of productivity improvementSuccess story of productivity improvement

HD1500 payload 150 ton

Satu trip muat penuh hanya +- 135 tonBanyak tumpahan

Ditambah extention wall+- 150 ton per-tripMengurangi tumpahanPerubahan fuel consumption amp speed

tidak signifikan Syarat utama NO OVER LOAD

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 1157

Possibility Hazard when DT OverloadPossibility Hazard when DT Overload

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 1257

KP = KB x BF x 3600 x ECT

983115983120 983101 983120983154983151983140983157983139983156983145983158983145983156983161

983115983106 983101 983106983157983139983147983141983156 983107983137983152983137983139983145983156983161

983106983110 983101 983106983157983139983147983141983156 983110983145983148983148 983110983137983139983156983151983154

983109 983101 983114983151983138 983109983142983142983145983139983145983141983150983139983161

983107983124 983101 983107983161983139983148983141 983124983145983149983141

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 1357

Productivity test for excavator andProductivity test for excavator andwheel loaderwheel loader

By DAA software

- Actual test measure takentime of every motion of themachine to know actual

cycle time productivity fuelconsumption

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 1457

ContohContoh HasilHasil daridari DAA SoftwareDAA Software

General ampSummary Data

gtgtgt

gtgtgt 983120983154983145983149983137983154983161 983124983145983149983141983098 983125983150983145983156 amp

983151983152983141983154983137983156983151983154 983152983141983154983142983151983154983149983137983150983139983141

983123983141983139983151983150983140983137983154983161 983124983145983149983141983098 983117983145983150983141983120983148983137983150983150983145983150983143 amp 983123983157983152983141983154983158983145983155983145983151983150

983120983141983154983142983151983154983149983137983150983139983141

Items to improve

Combine with DT cycle timeto get Matching Factor

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 1557

Data yang bisa diperolehData yang bisa diperoleh

Cycle time per-komponen excavatorwheel loader

Distribusi primary-secondary time

-

Fuel consumption

Estimasi produktivitas

Matching factor alat muat ndash alat angkut

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 1657

FaktorFaktor yangyang mempengaruhimempengaruhiBucket fill factorBucket fill factor

bull Bentuk amp fragmentasi materialbull Angle of reposebull

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 1757

Bucket fill factorBucket fill factor

SAE Standard Approx 11 bucket factor

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 1857

Optimalkan payload

ndash Baik untuk alat muat maupun angkut

Fleet Performance OptimizationFleet Performance Optimization

Maksimalkan efisiensi siklus kerja

Efisiensi interaksi alat muat-angkut

(match factor)

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 1957

Bucket fill factorBucket fill factor

Material yang tertinggal di bucket menjadi pengurang bucket fill factor

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2057

Fleet Performance GuidelinesFleet Performance Guidelines

Kunci tingginya performa fleet

ndash Loading rate maksimum

ndash Kecilnya waktu tunggu DTexcavator

Untuk produksi tinggi bisa

digunakan lsquodouble side loadingrsquo

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2157

Prinsip double side loading DT ngantri

Loading Double Side LoadingLoading Double Side Loading

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2257

Advantages of Double SideAdvantages of Double Side

LoadingLoading

Produktivitas fleet akan lebih tinggi Swing angle kecil cycle time loading

lebih cepat

Waktu tunggu manuver (wait to dump)shovel relatif kecil bahkan hampirtidak ada

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2357

Disadvantage of double sideDisadvantage of double side

loadingloading

Hauling cost lebih mahaldaripada loading cost

Dump truck mengantri lebihrugi daripada shovel nunggu

Double side loading yangmerupakan kelebihan shovel

mulai ditinggalkan

Penggunaan shovel akan

makin berkurang

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2457

Excavator Case StudyExcavator Case Study

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2557

KP = x x(n x ct) + JV1 + JV2 + t1+ t2

983115983120 983101 983120983154983151983140983157983139983156983145983158983145983156983161983107 983101 983120983154983151983140983157983139983156983145983151983150 983152983141983154 983124983154983145983152

983109 983101 983114983151983138 983109983142983142983145983139983145983141983150983139983161

983150 983101 983114983157983149983148983137983144 983120983144983137983155983141

983139983156 983101 983107983161983139983148983141 983124983145983149983141 983116983151983137983140983141983154

983114 983101 983112983137983157983148983145983150983143 983108983145983155983156983137983150983139983141983126983089 983101 983112983137983157983148983145983150983143 983123983152983141983141983140

983126983090 983101 983122983141983156983157983154983150983145983150983143 983123983152983141983141983140

983156983089 983101 983108983157983149983152983145983150983143 983124983145983149983141

983124983090 983101 983117983137983150983157983158983141983154 983124983145983149983141

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2657

DUMP TRUCK PRODUCTIVITY FACTORDUMP TRUCK PRODUCTIVITY FACTOR

BUCKET

CAPACITY

VESSELCONTAINMENT

NUMBER OFPASSES

PAYLOAD

BENCHCONDITION

LOADINGMETHOD

MATERIALCONDITION

PRODUCTIVITY

CYCLE-TIME

LOADINGTIME

SPEED

SPOTTIME

WAITINGTIME

HAULING amp

RETURN TIME

MATCHING

DISTANCE

LOADING TIMEPER-PASS

EXCAVATOR

OPERATOR SKILL

DT OPERATORSKILL

ROADCONDITION

DTCHARACTERISTIC

TRAFFICCONDITION

SPOT AREACONDITION

AVAILABLEPOWER

TIRE

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2757

General Haulage Unit ProductivityGeneral Haulage Unit Productivity

Haulage Cycle Components

Description+ Spot Time (1st Pass Delay)

+ Load Time

+ Haul Time

+ Turn and Dump Time

+ Return Time

+ Wait Delays (Repetitive)

Total Truck Cycle Time

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

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Spot TimeManouver TimeSpot TimeManouver Time

Manuver di loading area Untuk mempercepat proses perlu

cukup untuk manuver

Rear Dump Trucks 15 ndash 40 seconds

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2957

Load TimeLoad Time

Waktu pemuatan

Mulai lsquobucket dumprsquo pertama sampai lsquobucketdumprsquo terakhir

- - -empty

Sering terganggu untuk pekerjaan lsquogeneralrsquo

ndash Faceslope Development

ndash Floor Clean-Up

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3057

Turn and Dump TimeTurn and Dump Time

Manuver amp dumping di disposal Raise and Descend Time for vessel

jalan dumping area yang buruk

Total Time asympasympasympasymp 100 minute

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

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Wait Time Queuing TimeWait Time Queuing Time

Antri saat pemuatan Matching factor gt 1

Antri saat dumping umumnya untuk DT yangdumping di hoper atau disposal area sempit

sebagai bagian dari hauling time

Bisa dikurangi dengan perhitungan matchingfactor yang tepat

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3257

Travel TimeTravel Time

Can be loaded travel or empty travel

Either Method Requires Detailed ProfileInformation such as

ndash Distance ndash Grade Resistance

ndash Rolling Resistance

ndash Speed Limits

ndash Curve Locations and Radius Figures

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3357

The sum of

ndash Spot and wait time

ndash Load time

Truck Cycle TimeTruck Cycle Time

ndash All travel time

ndash Turn amp dump time plus all other fixed time

Number of cycles hour equals ndash Define production time per hour

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3457

Haul Truck Performance Optimization

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

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Critical Operating ParametersCritical Operating Parameters

PayloadPayload Typical Rolling Resistance ValuesTypical Rolling Resistance Values

o ng es s anceo ng es s ance

Construction Methods andConstruction Methods andMaterialsMaterials

Road CharacteristicRoad Characteristic DrainageDrainage

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3657

Typical Rolling Resistance ValuesTypical Rolling Resistance ValuesTire Rolling

Penetration Resistance

Hard smooth stabilized surface roadway withoutpenetration under load maintained watered

0 2

Firm smooth rolling roadway with dirt or light surfacingflexing slightly under load maintained watered

12-1 3

Conditions

Dirt roadway rutted flexing under load little maintenanceno water 1-2 in (25-50 mm) tire penetration 1-2 5

Rutted dirt roadway soft under travel no maintenance nostabilization 4-6 in (100-150 mm) tire penetration

4-6 8

Loose sand or gravel 6+ 10

Soft muddy rutted roadway no maintenance 6-12 10-20

Snow packed - 45

Snow loose - 25

Rolling ResistanceRolling Resistance

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3757

Rolling Resistance 15 - 20

Asphalt Paved Road Well Maintained Unpaved RoadRolling Resistance 25~30 Rolling Resistance 35

Compacted maintained by MotorGrader but still soft on surface

Rolling ResistanceRolling Resistance

Soft not well maintained such asloading area

Rolling Resistance 50

Badly maintained not compacted

Rolling Resistance 80 Rolling Resistance 15~20

Not maintained at all Soft muddyNot for rigid dump trucks

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3857

bull ldquoOpenrdquo dimensionbull CBR 80 or greater crushed

Construction Methods andConstruction Methods and

MaterialsMaterials

bull Layers =lt 8 in (20 cm)bull Subbase 2 ft (06m) widerbull Repeated passes- -tracked

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3957

ndash Maximize Safety Speeds ndash Minimize Tire Wear ndash Minimize Spillage

Curve SuperelevationCurve Superelevation

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4057

Road WidthRoad Width

For mining with various of dump truck size follow the biggest dump truck

Dimensi lebar jalan 35 x lebar Dump Truck

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4157

Curve RadiusCurve Radius

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

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Drainage ControlDrainage Control

Rapid removal of water

Adequate ditch capacity and incline

Crown appropriate for multiple-laneconstruction

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4357

Dump Truck Case StudyDump Truck Case Study

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4457

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4557

General Ripping InformationGeneral Ripping Information Ripper point Penetration ndash Key to Ripping Feasibility

Ripping Feasibility by Rock Type ndash Sedimentary Rocks ( sandstone shale limestone) ndash Feasible

ndash ndash

Questionable to Not Possible

Favorable Rock Characteristics for Ripping

ndash Stratified (Surface Cracking)

ndash Weathered ndash Laminated (Layered)

ndash Brittle

ndash Fractured

Ripping is More Technique than Science

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4657

Ripping Dozing TechniqueRipping Dozing Technique

Mengetahui arah lapisan kekerasanmaterial

Metode menumpuk material untukumpan excavator

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4757

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4857

Bench Height amp Bucket SizeRelationship

Bench HeightBench Height

1 Material height min 15 bucketheight minimum

2 Gravity Assistance needed

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4957

Wheel Loader Cycle Time FiguresWheel Loader Cycle Time Figures

Loader Type sec 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 40 42 44 46 48 50 52 54 56 58 60 62 64 66WA800

WA900

WA1200

Wheel Loader Application - V Cycle Loading

Digging Conditions Attention

= Easy 1) Cycle times are average figures and for diggable material only 2) Cycle times for standard attachments only

3) Hi-Lift specifications increase cycle times by approximately 2-3 seconds

= Average 4) Due to the many variables present at most job sites the preceding cycle

time figures are for planning purpose only and cannot be guaranteed

in any manner

= Severe

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5057

Wheel Loader ProductivityWheel Loader Productivity

Productivity Components

+ Truck Spot Time (1st Pass Delay)

+ Load Time (field cycle time data or estimates)

ndash Consider normal process delays such asbull Floor Clean-up

bull Face Development

bull Positioning etc

+ Wait for Trucks (if any)

Total Loading Tool Cycle Time per Truck

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5157

Wheel Loader ProductivityWheel Loader Productivity

Productivity Calculation

Production Minutes Hr (Job Efficiency Factor)

bull Operator efficiency amp motivation

bull Work organization

bull Management amp supervision

divide Loading Tool Cycle Time per Truck

Number of Trucks per Hour

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

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Effects of OverloadingEffects of Overloading

1 Exceeds Rated Capacity

2 Machine Stability

3 Compromises Safety

4 Shortened Component Life

bull Boom Cracking

bull Hydraulic System

bull Tire Wear

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

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Prinsip Pemuatan OptimalPrinsip Pemuatan Optimal

Waktu tunggu sekecil mungkin

Ideal Number of Passes = 3 ndash 5

(tidak ada frac12 bucket)

Kesesuaian dengan dump truck

ndash Loading Height ndash Reach

ndash Bucket Length

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5457

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5557

Fleet ProductivityFleet Productivity Total produksi material yang bisa tertransport per-

satuan waktu Satuan umum fleet productivity

Ritase alat angkutjam - =

HD785-5 = 42 bcmrit

PC1250 01 PC1250 02 PC2000 01475

630 - 700 Daily Daily Daily

700 - 800 506

800 - 900 330

900 - 1000 572

1000 - 1100 550

1100 - 1200 4181200 - 1300

1300 - 1400 462

1400 - 1500 Hujan Hujan Hujan

1500 - 1600 636

1600 - 1700 572

1700 - 1800 462

1800 - 1830 220Total per shift 4728

Rata2 perjam 4948

ExcavatorTarget BCMhr

Istirahat

Prestasi akhir fleet akan terlihat pada

performa alat angkut

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

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Matching FactorMatching Factor

MF =Jml Excavator x CT DT

x x v x u

MF gt 1 DT antri

MF lt 1 Excavator nungguCommon practice MF = 09 - 1

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Page 4: 2. Productivity_AED UT.pdf

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

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Pemilihan alat berat tepat

aplikasi spesifikasi jumlah

ProduktivitasProduktivitas OptimalOptimal

Pengoperasian

Peran user distributor amp

principal

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 557

ProductivityProductivity

Satuan umum productivity Total output total time

dipindahkan

Total time waktu siklus yang dibutuhkan

untuk melakukan produksi Overburden bcmhr

Coal tonhr

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 657

Total OutputTotal Output

Jumlah material yang bisa dipindahkan Dipindahkan oleh proses gali-muat-

angkut

Mis proses pemindahan overburden bisa

mentransport dari pit-waste dump sebanyak4000 dalam satu shift (8 jam efektif kerja)

Produktivitas adalah (40008) bcmhr = 500 bcmhr

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 757

Total TimeTotal Time

Waktu siklus (cycle time) yang dibutuhkan untukmelakukan produksi

Terbagi atas waktu primer amp sekunder

pastiharus ada

Sekunder meliputi komponen waktu yangsebenarnya tidak perlu ada namun ada kalanyatak bisa dihindari dalam proses produksi

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 857

Komponen Total waktuKomponen Total waktu

Machine

type

Working

type Primary time Secondary time

HydraulicExcavator

Loading Digging-Swing Loaded ndashDump ndash Swing Empty

Wait to dump idle dig toprepare amp cleaning

- ndash

Loader

forward loaded - Dump ndashreverse empty ndash forwardempty

clearing idle amp wait todump

DumpTruck

Hauling Loading-hauling-spot atdump ndash dumping-returning-spot at load

Delay amp queuing

Dozer Ripping Ripping positioning todoze dozing positioningto rip

Idle amp delay

Dozer Dozing Dozing Idle amp delay

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 957

Success story of productivity improvementSuccess story of productivity improvement

PC3000 Job Site X

Condition Cycle time 259 sec

Improve by UT KMG KLTDbull Increase digging forcebull Improvement hydraulic system

bull Operator training

Result Cycle time 246 sec

Customer

Bisakah dipercepat

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 1057

Success story of productivity improvementSuccess story of productivity improvement

HD1500 payload 150 ton

Satu trip muat penuh hanya +- 135 tonBanyak tumpahan

Ditambah extention wall+- 150 ton per-tripMengurangi tumpahanPerubahan fuel consumption amp speed

tidak signifikan Syarat utama NO OVER LOAD

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 1157

Possibility Hazard when DT OverloadPossibility Hazard when DT Overload

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

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KP = KB x BF x 3600 x ECT

983115983120 983101 983120983154983151983140983157983139983156983145983158983145983156983161

983115983106 983101 983106983157983139983147983141983156 983107983137983152983137983139983145983156983161

983106983110 983101 983106983157983139983147983141983156 983110983145983148983148 983110983137983139983156983151983154

983109 983101 983114983151983138 983109983142983142983145983139983145983141983150983139983161

983107983124 983101 983107983161983139983148983141 983124983145983149983141

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 1357

Productivity test for excavator andProductivity test for excavator andwheel loaderwheel loader

By DAA software

- Actual test measure takentime of every motion of themachine to know actual

cycle time productivity fuelconsumption

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 1457

ContohContoh HasilHasil daridari DAA SoftwareDAA Software

General ampSummary Data

gtgtgt

gtgtgt 983120983154983145983149983137983154983161 983124983145983149983141983098 983125983150983145983156 amp

983151983152983141983154983137983156983151983154 983152983141983154983142983151983154983149983137983150983139983141

983123983141983139983151983150983140983137983154983161 983124983145983149983141983098 983117983145983150983141983120983148983137983150983150983145983150983143 amp 983123983157983152983141983154983158983145983155983145983151983150

983120983141983154983142983151983154983149983137983150983139983141

Items to improve

Combine with DT cycle timeto get Matching Factor

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 1557

Data yang bisa diperolehData yang bisa diperoleh

Cycle time per-komponen excavatorwheel loader

Distribusi primary-secondary time

-

Fuel consumption

Estimasi produktivitas

Matching factor alat muat ndash alat angkut

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 1657

FaktorFaktor yangyang mempengaruhimempengaruhiBucket fill factorBucket fill factor

bull Bentuk amp fragmentasi materialbull Angle of reposebull

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

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Bucket fill factorBucket fill factor

SAE Standard Approx 11 bucket factor

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

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Optimalkan payload

ndash Baik untuk alat muat maupun angkut

Fleet Performance OptimizationFleet Performance Optimization

Maksimalkan efisiensi siklus kerja

Efisiensi interaksi alat muat-angkut

(match factor)

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 1957

Bucket fill factorBucket fill factor

Material yang tertinggal di bucket menjadi pengurang bucket fill factor

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

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Fleet Performance GuidelinesFleet Performance Guidelines

Kunci tingginya performa fleet

ndash Loading rate maksimum

ndash Kecilnya waktu tunggu DTexcavator

Untuk produksi tinggi bisa

digunakan lsquodouble side loadingrsquo

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2157

Prinsip double side loading DT ngantri

Loading Double Side LoadingLoading Double Side Loading

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

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Advantages of Double SideAdvantages of Double Side

LoadingLoading

Produktivitas fleet akan lebih tinggi Swing angle kecil cycle time loading

lebih cepat

Waktu tunggu manuver (wait to dump)shovel relatif kecil bahkan hampirtidak ada

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2357

Disadvantage of double sideDisadvantage of double side

loadingloading

Hauling cost lebih mahaldaripada loading cost

Dump truck mengantri lebihrugi daripada shovel nunggu

Double side loading yangmerupakan kelebihan shovel

mulai ditinggalkan

Penggunaan shovel akan

makin berkurang

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2457

Excavator Case StudyExcavator Case Study

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

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KP = x x(n x ct) + JV1 + JV2 + t1+ t2

983115983120 983101 983120983154983151983140983157983139983156983145983158983145983156983161983107 983101 983120983154983151983140983157983139983156983145983151983150 983152983141983154 983124983154983145983152

983109 983101 983114983151983138 983109983142983142983145983139983145983141983150983139983161

983150 983101 983114983157983149983148983137983144 983120983144983137983155983141

983139983156 983101 983107983161983139983148983141 983124983145983149983141 983116983151983137983140983141983154

983114 983101 983112983137983157983148983145983150983143 983108983145983155983156983137983150983139983141983126983089 983101 983112983137983157983148983145983150983143 983123983152983141983141983140

983126983090 983101 983122983141983156983157983154983150983145983150983143 983123983152983141983141983140

983156983089 983101 983108983157983149983152983145983150983143 983124983145983149983141

983124983090 983101 983117983137983150983157983158983141983154 983124983145983149983141

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2657

DUMP TRUCK PRODUCTIVITY FACTORDUMP TRUCK PRODUCTIVITY FACTOR

BUCKET

CAPACITY

VESSELCONTAINMENT

NUMBER OFPASSES

PAYLOAD

BENCHCONDITION

LOADINGMETHOD

MATERIALCONDITION

PRODUCTIVITY

CYCLE-TIME

LOADINGTIME

SPEED

SPOTTIME

WAITINGTIME

HAULING amp

RETURN TIME

MATCHING

DISTANCE

LOADING TIMEPER-PASS

EXCAVATOR

OPERATOR SKILL

DT OPERATORSKILL

ROADCONDITION

DTCHARACTERISTIC

TRAFFICCONDITION

SPOT AREACONDITION

AVAILABLEPOWER

TIRE

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2757

General Haulage Unit ProductivityGeneral Haulage Unit Productivity

Haulage Cycle Components

Description+ Spot Time (1st Pass Delay)

+ Load Time

+ Haul Time

+ Turn and Dump Time

+ Return Time

+ Wait Delays (Repetitive)

Total Truck Cycle Time

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2857

Spot TimeManouver TimeSpot TimeManouver Time

Manuver di loading area Untuk mempercepat proses perlu

cukup untuk manuver

Rear Dump Trucks 15 ndash 40 seconds

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2957

Load TimeLoad Time

Waktu pemuatan

Mulai lsquobucket dumprsquo pertama sampai lsquobucketdumprsquo terakhir

- - -empty

Sering terganggu untuk pekerjaan lsquogeneralrsquo

ndash Faceslope Development

ndash Floor Clean-Up

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3057

Turn and Dump TimeTurn and Dump Time

Manuver amp dumping di disposal Raise and Descend Time for vessel

jalan dumping area yang buruk

Total Time asympasympasympasymp 100 minute

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3157

Wait Time Queuing TimeWait Time Queuing Time

Antri saat pemuatan Matching factor gt 1

Antri saat dumping umumnya untuk DT yangdumping di hoper atau disposal area sempit

sebagai bagian dari hauling time

Bisa dikurangi dengan perhitungan matchingfactor yang tepat

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3257

Travel TimeTravel Time

Can be loaded travel or empty travel

Either Method Requires Detailed ProfileInformation such as

ndash Distance ndash Grade Resistance

ndash Rolling Resistance

ndash Speed Limits

ndash Curve Locations and Radius Figures

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3357

The sum of

ndash Spot and wait time

ndash Load time

Truck Cycle TimeTruck Cycle Time

ndash All travel time

ndash Turn amp dump time plus all other fixed time

Number of cycles hour equals ndash Define production time per hour

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3457

Haul Truck Performance Optimization

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3557

Critical Operating ParametersCritical Operating Parameters

PayloadPayload Typical Rolling Resistance ValuesTypical Rolling Resistance Values

o ng es s anceo ng es s ance

Construction Methods andConstruction Methods andMaterialsMaterials

Road CharacteristicRoad Characteristic DrainageDrainage

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3657

Typical Rolling Resistance ValuesTypical Rolling Resistance ValuesTire Rolling

Penetration Resistance

Hard smooth stabilized surface roadway withoutpenetration under load maintained watered

0 2

Firm smooth rolling roadway with dirt or light surfacingflexing slightly under load maintained watered

12-1 3

Conditions

Dirt roadway rutted flexing under load little maintenanceno water 1-2 in (25-50 mm) tire penetration 1-2 5

Rutted dirt roadway soft under travel no maintenance nostabilization 4-6 in (100-150 mm) tire penetration

4-6 8

Loose sand or gravel 6+ 10

Soft muddy rutted roadway no maintenance 6-12 10-20

Snow packed - 45

Snow loose - 25

Rolling ResistanceRolling Resistance

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3757

Rolling Resistance 15 - 20

Asphalt Paved Road Well Maintained Unpaved RoadRolling Resistance 25~30 Rolling Resistance 35

Compacted maintained by MotorGrader but still soft on surface

Rolling ResistanceRolling Resistance

Soft not well maintained such asloading area

Rolling Resistance 50

Badly maintained not compacted

Rolling Resistance 80 Rolling Resistance 15~20

Not maintained at all Soft muddyNot for rigid dump trucks

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3857

bull ldquoOpenrdquo dimensionbull CBR 80 or greater crushed

Construction Methods andConstruction Methods and

MaterialsMaterials

bull Layers =lt 8 in (20 cm)bull Subbase 2 ft (06m) widerbull Repeated passes- -tracked

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3957

ndash Maximize Safety Speeds ndash Minimize Tire Wear ndash Minimize Spillage

Curve SuperelevationCurve Superelevation

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4057

Road WidthRoad Width

For mining with various of dump truck size follow the biggest dump truck

Dimensi lebar jalan 35 x lebar Dump Truck

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4157

Curve RadiusCurve Radius

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4257

Drainage ControlDrainage Control

Rapid removal of water

Adequate ditch capacity and incline

Crown appropriate for multiple-laneconstruction

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4357

Dump Truck Case StudyDump Truck Case Study

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4457

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4557

General Ripping InformationGeneral Ripping Information Ripper point Penetration ndash Key to Ripping Feasibility

Ripping Feasibility by Rock Type ndash Sedimentary Rocks ( sandstone shale limestone) ndash Feasible

ndash ndash

Questionable to Not Possible

Favorable Rock Characteristics for Ripping

ndash Stratified (Surface Cracking)

ndash Weathered ndash Laminated (Layered)

ndash Brittle

ndash Fractured

Ripping is More Technique than Science

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4657

Ripping Dozing TechniqueRipping Dozing Technique

Mengetahui arah lapisan kekerasanmaterial

Metode menumpuk material untukumpan excavator

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4757

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4857

Bench Height amp Bucket SizeRelationship

Bench HeightBench Height

1 Material height min 15 bucketheight minimum

2 Gravity Assistance needed

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4957

Wheel Loader Cycle Time FiguresWheel Loader Cycle Time Figures

Loader Type sec 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 40 42 44 46 48 50 52 54 56 58 60 62 64 66WA800

WA900

WA1200

Wheel Loader Application - V Cycle Loading

Digging Conditions Attention

= Easy 1) Cycle times are average figures and for diggable material only 2) Cycle times for standard attachments only

3) Hi-Lift specifications increase cycle times by approximately 2-3 seconds

= Average 4) Due to the many variables present at most job sites the preceding cycle

time figures are for planning purpose only and cannot be guaranteed

in any manner

= Severe

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5057

Wheel Loader ProductivityWheel Loader Productivity

Productivity Components

+ Truck Spot Time (1st Pass Delay)

+ Load Time (field cycle time data or estimates)

ndash Consider normal process delays such asbull Floor Clean-up

bull Face Development

bull Positioning etc

+ Wait for Trucks (if any)

Total Loading Tool Cycle Time per Truck

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5157

Wheel Loader ProductivityWheel Loader Productivity

Productivity Calculation

Production Minutes Hr (Job Efficiency Factor)

bull Operator efficiency amp motivation

bull Work organization

bull Management amp supervision

divide Loading Tool Cycle Time per Truck

Number of Trucks per Hour

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5257

Effects of OverloadingEffects of Overloading

1 Exceeds Rated Capacity

2 Machine Stability

3 Compromises Safety

4 Shortened Component Life

bull Boom Cracking

bull Hydraulic System

bull Tire Wear

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5357

Prinsip Pemuatan OptimalPrinsip Pemuatan Optimal

Waktu tunggu sekecil mungkin

Ideal Number of Passes = 3 ndash 5

(tidak ada frac12 bucket)

Kesesuaian dengan dump truck

ndash Loading Height ndash Reach

ndash Bucket Length

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5457

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5557

Fleet ProductivityFleet Productivity Total produksi material yang bisa tertransport per-

satuan waktu Satuan umum fleet productivity

Ritase alat angkutjam - =

HD785-5 = 42 bcmrit

PC1250 01 PC1250 02 PC2000 01475

630 - 700 Daily Daily Daily

700 - 800 506

800 - 900 330

900 - 1000 572

1000 - 1100 550

1100 - 1200 4181200 - 1300

1300 - 1400 462

1400 - 1500 Hujan Hujan Hujan

1500 - 1600 636

1600 - 1700 572

1700 - 1800 462

1800 - 1830 220Total per shift 4728

Rata2 perjam 4948

ExcavatorTarget BCMhr

Istirahat

Prestasi akhir fleet akan terlihat pada

performa alat angkut

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5657

Matching FactorMatching Factor

MF =Jml Excavator x CT DT

x x v x u

MF gt 1 DT antri

MF lt 1 Excavator nungguCommon practice MF = 09 - 1

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5757

Page 5: 2. Productivity_AED UT.pdf

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 557

ProductivityProductivity

Satuan umum productivity Total output total time

dipindahkan

Total time waktu siklus yang dibutuhkan

untuk melakukan produksi Overburden bcmhr

Coal tonhr

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 657

Total OutputTotal Output

Jumlah material yang bisa dipindahkan Dipindahkan oleh proses gali-muat-

angkut

Mis proses pemindahan overburden bisa

mentransport dari pit-waste dump sebanyak4000 dalam satu shift (8 jam efektif kerja)

Produktivitas adalah (40008) bcmhr = 500 bcmhr

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 757

Total TimeTotal Time

Waktu siklus (cycle time) yang dibutuhkan untukmelakukan produksi

Terbagi atas waktu primer amp sekunder

pastiharus ada

Sekunder meliputi komponen waktu yangsebenarnya tidak perlu ada namun ada kalanyatak bisa dihindari dalam proses produksi

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 857

Komponen Total waktuKomponen Total waktu

Machine

type

Working

type Primary time Secondary time

HydraulicExcavator

Loading Digging-Swing Loaded ndashDump ndash Swing Empty

Wait to dump idle dig toprepare amp cleaning

- ndash

Loader

forward loaded - Dump ndashreverse empty ndash forwardempty

clearing idle amp wait todump

DumpTruck

Hauling Loading-hauling-spot atdump ndash dumping-returning-spot at load

Delay amp queuing

Dozer Ripping Ripping positioning todoze dozing positioningto rip

Idle amp delay

Dozer Dozing Dozing Idle amp delay

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 957

Success story of productivity improvementSuccess story of productivity improvement

PC3000 Job Site X

Condition Cycle time 259 sec

Improve by UT KMG KLTDbull Increase digging forcebull Improvement hydraulic system

bull Operator training

Result Cycle time 246 sec

Customer

Bisakah dipercepat

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 1057

Success story of productivity improvementSuccess story of productivity improvement

HD1500 payload 150 ton

Satu trip muat penuh hanya +- 135 tonBanyak tumpahan

Ditambah extention wall+- 150 ton per-tripMengurangi tumpahanPerubahan fuel consumption amp speed

tidak signifikan Syarat utama NO OVER LOAD

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 1157

Possibility Hazard when DT OverloadPossibility Hazard when DT Overload

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 1257

KP = KB x BF x 3600 x ECT

983115983120 983101 983120983154983151983140983157983139983156983145983158983145983156983161

983115983106 983101 983106983157983139983147983141983156 983107983137983152983137983139983145983156983161

983106983110 983101 983106983157983139983147983141983156 983110983145983148983148 983110983137983139983156983151983154

983109 983101 983114983151983138 983109983142983142983145983139983145983141983150983139983161

983107983124 983101 983107983161983139983148983141 983124983145983149983141

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 1357

Productivity test for excavator andProductivity test for excavator andwheel loaderwheel loader

By DAA software

- Actual test measure takentime of every motion of themachine to know actual

cycle time productivity fuelconsumption

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 1457

ContohContoh HasilHasil daridari DAA SoftwareDAA Software

General ampSummary Data

gtgtgt

gtgtgt 983120983154983145983149983137983154983161 983124983145983149983141983098 983125983150983145983156 amp

983151983152983141983154983137983156983151983154 983152983141983154983142983151983154983149983137983150983139983141

983123983141983139983151983150983140983137983154983161 983124983145983149983141983098 983117983145983150983141983120983148983137983150983150983145983150983143 amp 983123983157983152983141983154983158983145983155983145983151983150

983120983141983154983142983151983154983149983137983150983139983141

Items to improve

Combine with DT cycle timeto get Matching Factor

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 1557

Data yang bisa diperolehData yang bisa diperoleh

Cycle time per-komponen excavatorwheel loader

Distribusi primary-secondary time

-

Fuel consumption

Estimasi produktivitas

Matching factor alat muat ndash alat angkut

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 1657

FaktorFaktor yangyang mempengaruhimempengaruhiBucket fill factorBucket fill factor

bull Bentuk amp fragmentasi materialbull Angle of reposebull

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 1757

Bucket fill factorBucket fill factor

SAE Standard Approx 11 bucket factor

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 1857

Optimalkan payload

ndash Baik untuk alat muat maupun angkut

Fleet Performance OptimizationFleet Performance Optimization

Maksimalkan efisiensi siklus kerja

Efisiensi interaksi alat muat-angkut

(match factor)

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 1957

Bucket fill factorBucket fill factor

Material yang tertinggal di bucket menjadi pengurang bucket fill factor

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2057

Fleet Performance GuidelinesFleet Performance Guidelines

Kunci tingginya performa fleet

ndash Loading rate maksimum

ndash Kecilnya waktu tunggu DTexcavator

Untuk produksi tinggi bisa

digunakan lsquodouble side loadingrsquo

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2157

Prinsip double side loading DT ngantri

Loading Double Side LoadingLoading Double Side Loading

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2257

Advantages of Double SideAdvantages of Double Side

LoadingLoading

Produktivitas fleet akan lebih tinggi Swing angle kecil cycle time loading

lebih cepat

Waktu tunggu manuver (wait to dump)shovel relatif kecil bahkan hampirtidak ada

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2357

Disadvantage of double sideDisadvantage of double side

loadingloading

Hauling cost lebih mahaldaripada loading cost

Dump truck mengantri lebihrugi daripada shovel nunggu

Double side loading yangmerupakan kelebihan shovel

mulai ditinggalkan

Penggunaan shovel akan

makin berkurang

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2457

Excavator Case StudyExcavator Case Study

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2557

KP = x x(n x ct) + JV1 + JV2 + t1+ t2

983115983120 983101 983120983154983151983140983157983139983156983145983158983145983156983161983107 983101 983120983154983151983140983157983139983156983145983151983150 983152983141983154 983124983154983145983152

983109 983101 983114983151983138 983109983142983142983145983139983145983141983150983139983161

983150 983101 983114983157983149983148983137983144 983120983144983137983155983141

983139983156 983101 983107983161983139983148983141 983124983145983149983141 983116983151983137983140983141983154

983114 983101 983112983137983157983148983145983150983143 983108983145983155983156983137983150983139983141983126983089 983101 983112983137983157983148983145983150983143 983123983152983141983141983140

983126983090 983101 983122983141983156983157983154983150983145983150983143 983123983152983141983141983140

983156983089 983101 983108983157983149983152983145983150983143 983124983145983149983141

983124983090 983101 983117983137983150983157983158983141983154 983124983145983149983141

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2657

DUMP TRUCK PRODUCTIVITY FACTORDUMP TRUCK PRODUCTIVITY FACTOR

BUCKET

CAPACITY

VESSELCONTAINMENT

NUMBER OFPASSES

PAYLOAD

BENCHCONDITION

LOADINGMETHOD

MATERIALCONDITION

PRODUCTIVITY

CYCLE-TIME

LOADINGTIME

SPEED

SPOTTIME

WAITINGTIME

HAULING amp

RETURN TIME

MATCHING

DISTANCE

LOADING TIMEPER-PASS

EXCAVATOR

OPERATOR SKILL

DT OPERATORSKILL

ROADCONDITION

DTCHARACTERISTIC

TRAFFICCONDITION

SPOT AREACONDITION

AVAILABLEPOWER

TIRE

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2757

General Haulage Unit ProductivityGeneral Haulage Unit Productivity

Haulage Cycle Components

Description+ Spot Time (1st Pass Delay)

+ Load Time

+ Haul Time

+ Turn and Dump Time

+ Return Time

+ Wait Delays (Repetitive)

Total Truck Cycle Time

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2857

Spot TimeManouver TimeSpot TimeManouver Time

Manuver di loading area Untuk mempercepat proses perlu

cukup untuk manuver

Rear Dump Trucks 15 ndash 40 seconds

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2957

Load TimeLoad Time

Waktu pemuatan

Mulai lsquobucket dumprsquo pertama sampai lsquobucketdumprsquo terakhir

- - -empty

Sering terganggu untuk pekerjaan lsquogeneralrsquo

ndash Faceslope Development

ndash Floor Clean-Up

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3057

Turn and Dump TimeTurn and Dump Time

Manuver amp dumping di disposal Raise and Descend Time for vessel

jalan dumping area yang buruk

Total Time asympasympasympasymp 100 minute

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3157

Wait Time Queuing TimeWait Time Queuing Time

Antri saat pemuatan Matching factor gt 1

Antri saat dumping umumnya untuk DT yangdumping di hoper atau disposal area sempit

sebagai bagian dari hauling time

Bisa dikurangi dengan perhitungan matchingfactor yang tepat

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3257

Travel TimeTravel Time

Can be loaded travel or empty travel

Either Method Requires Detailed ProfileInformation such as

ndash Distance ndash Grade Resistance

ndash Rolling Resistance

ndash Speed Limits

ndash Curve Locations and Radius Figures

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3357

The sum of

ndash Spot and wait time

ndash Load time

Truck Cycle TimeTruck Cycle Time

ndash All travel time

ndash Turn amp dump time plus all other fixed time

Number of cycles hour equals ndash Define production time per hour

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3457

Haul Truck Performance Optimization

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3557

Critical Operating ParametersCritical Operating Parameters

PayloadPayload Typical Rolling Resistance ValuesTypical Rolling Resistance Values

o ng es s anceo ng es s ance

Construction Methods andConstruction Methods andMaterialsMaterials

Road CharacteristicRoad Characteristic DrainageDrainage

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3657

Typical Rolling Resistance ValuesTypical Rolling Resistance ValuesTire Rolling

Penetration Resistance

Hard smooth stabilized surface roadway withoutpenetration under load maintained watered

0 2

Firm smooth rolling roadway with dirt or light surfacingflexing slightly under load maintained watered

12-1 3

Conditions

Dirt roadway rutted flexing under load little maintenanceno water 1-2 in (25-50 mm) tire penetration 1-2 5

Rutted dirt roadway soft under travel no maintenance nostabilization 4-6 in (100-150 mm) tire penetration

4-6 8

Loose sand or gravel 6+ 10

Soft muddy rutted roadway no maintenance 6-12 10-20

Snow packed - 45

Snow loose - 25

Rolling ResistanceRolling Resistance

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3757

Rolling Resistance 15 - 20

Asphalt Paved Road Well Maintained Unpaved RoadRolling Resistance 25~30 Rolling Resistance 35

Compacted maintained by MotorGrader but still soft on surface

Rolling ResistanceRolling Resistance

Soft not well maintained such asloading area

Rolling Resistance 50

Badly maintained not compacted

Rolling Resistance 80 Rolling Resistance 15~20

Not maintained at all Soft muddyNot for rigid dump trucks

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3857

bull ldquoOpenrdquo dimensionbull CBR 80 or greater crushed

Construction Methods andConstruction Methods and

MaterialsMaterials

bull Layers =lt 8 in (20 cm)bull Subbase 2 ft (06m) widerbull Repeated passes- -tracked

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3957

ndash Maximize Safety Speeds ndash Minimize Tire Wear ndash Minimize Spillage

Curve SuperelevationCurve Superelevation

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4057

Road WidthRoad Width

For mining with various of dump truck size follow the biggest dump truck

Dimensi lebar jalan 35 x lebar Dump Truck

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4157

Curve RadiusCurve Radius

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4257

Drainage ControlDrainage Control

Rapid removal of water

Adequate ditch capacity and incline

Crown appropriate for multiple-laneconstruction

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4357

Dump Truck Case StudyDump Truck Case Study

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4457

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4557

General Ripping InformationGeneral Ripping Information Ripper point Penetration ndash Key to Ripping Feasibility

Ripping Feasibility by Rock Type ndash Sedimentary Rocks ( sandstone shale limestone) ndash Feasible

ndash ndash

Questionable to Not Possible

Favorable Rock Characteristics for Ripping

ndash Stratified (Surface Cracking)

ndash Weathered ndash Laminated (Layered)

ndash Brittle

ndash Fractured

Ripping is More Technique than Science

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4657

Ripping Dozing TechniqueRipping Dozing Technique

Mengetahui arah lapisan kekerasanmaterial

Metode menumpuk material untukumpan excavator

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4757

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4857

Bench Height amp Bucket SizeRelationship

Bench HeightBench Height

1 Material height min 15 bucketheight minimum

2 Gravity Assistance needed

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4957

Wheel Loader Cycle Time FiguresWheel Loader Cycle Time Figures

Loader Type sec 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 40 42 44 46 48 50 52 54 56 58 60 62 64 66WA800

WA900

WA1200

Wheel Loader Application - V Cycle Loading

Digging Conditions Attention

= Easy 1) Cycle times are average figures and for diggable material only 2) Cycle times for standard attachments only

3) Hi-Lift specifications increase cycle times by approximately 2-3 seconds

= Average 4) Due to the many variables present at most job sites the preceding cycle

time figures are for planning purpose only and cannot be guaranteed

in any manner

= Severe

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5057

Wheel Loader ProductivityWheel Loader Productivity

Productivity Components

+ Truck Spot Time (1st Pass Delay)

+ Load Time (field cycle time data or estimates)

ndash Consider normal process delays such asbull Floor Clean-up

bull Face Development

bull Positioning etc

+ Wait for Trucks (if any)

Total Loading Tool Cycle Time per Truck

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5157

Wheel Loader ProductivityWheel Loader Productivity

Productivity Calculation

Production Minutes Hr (Job Efficiency Factor)

bull Operator efficiency amp motivation

bull Work organization

bull Management amp supervision

divide Loading Tool Cycle Time per Truck

Number of Trucks per Hour

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5257

Effects of OverloadingEffects of Overloading

1 Exceeds Rated Capacity

2 Machine Stability

3 Compromises Safety

4 Shortened Component Life

bull Boom Cracking

bull Hydraulic System

bull Tire Wear

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5357

Prinsip Pemuatan OptimalPrinsip Pemuatan Optimal

Waktu tunggu sekecil mungkin

Ideal Number of Passes = 3 ndash 5

(tidak ada frac12 bucket)

Kesesuaian dengan dump truck

ndash Loading Height ndash Reach

ndash Bucket Length

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5457

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5557

Fleet ProductivityFleet Productivity Total produksi material yang bisa tertransport per-

satuan waktu Satuan umum fleet productivity

Ritase alat angkutjam - =

HD785-5 = 42 bcmrit

PC1250 01 PC1250 02 PC2000 01475

630 - 700 Daily Daily Daily

700 - 800 506

800 - 900 330

900 - 1000 572

1000 - 1100 550

1100 - 1200 4181200 - 1300

1300 - 1400 462

1400 - 1500 Hujan Hujan Hujan

1500 - 1600 636

1600 - 1700 572

1700 - 1800 462

1800 - 1830 220Total per shift 4728

Rata2 perjam 4948

ExcavatorTarget BCMhr

Istirahat

Prestasi akhir fleet akan terlihat pada

performa alat angkut

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5657

Matching FactorMatching Factor

MF =Jml Excavator x CT DT

x x v x u

MF gt 1 DT antri

MF lt 1 Excavator nungguCommon practice MF = 09 - 1

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5757

Page 6: 2. Productivity_AED UT.pdf

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 657

Total OutputTotal Output

Jumlah material yang bisa dipindahkan Dipindahkan oleh proses gali-muat-

angkut

Mis proses pemindahan overburden bisa

mentransport dari pit-waste dump sebanyak4000 dalam satu shift (8 jam efektif kerja)

Produktivitas adalah (40008) bcmhr = 500 bcmhr

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 757

Total TimeTotal Time

Waktu siklus (cycle time) yang dibutuhkan untukmelakukan produksi

Terbagi atas waktu primer amp sekunder

pastiharus ada

Sekunder meliputi komponen waktu yangsebenarnya tidak perlu ada namun ada kalanyatak bisa dihindari dalam proses produksi

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 857

Komponen Total waktuKomponen Total waktu

Machine

type

Working

type Primary time Secondary time

HydraulicExcavator

Loading Digging-Swing Loaded ndashDump ndash Swing Empty

Wait to dump idle dig toprepare amp cleaning

- ndash

Loader

forward loaded - Dump ndashreverse empty ndash forwardempty

clearing idle amp wait todump

DumpTruck

Hauling Loading-hauling-spot atdump ndash dumping-returning-spot at load

Delay amp queuing

Dozer Ripping Ripping positioning todoze dozing positioningto rip

Idle amp delay

Dozer Dozing Dozing Idle amp delay

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 957

Success story of productivity improvementSuccess story of productivity improvement

PC3000 Job Site X

Condition Cycle time 259 sec

Improve by UT KMG KLTDbull Increase digging forcebull Improvement hydraulic system

bull Operator training

Result Cycle time 246 sec

Customer

Bisakah dipercepat

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 1057

Success story of productivity improvementSuccess story of productivity improvement

HD1500 payload 150 ton

Satu trip muat penuh hanya +- 135 tonBanyak tumpahan

Ditambah extention wall+- 150 ton per-tripMengurangi tumpahanPerubahan fuel consumption amp speed

tidak signifikan Syarat utama NO OVER LOAD

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 1157

Possibility Hazard when DT OverloadPossibility Hazard when DT Overload

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 1257

KP = KB x BF x 3600 x ECT

983115983120 983101 983120983154983151983140983157983139983156983145983158983145983156983161

983115983106 983101 983106983157983139983147983141983156 983107983137983152983137983139983145983156983161

983106983110 983101 983106983157983139983147983141983156 983110983145983148983148 983110983137983139983156983151983154

983109 983101 983114983151983138 983109983142983142983145983139983145983141983150983139983161

983107983124 983101 983107983161983139983148983141 983124983145983149983141

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 1357

Productivity test for excavator andProductivity test for excavator andwheel loaderwheel loader

By DAA software

- Actual test measure takentime of every motion of themachine to know actual

cycle time productivity fuelconsumption

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 1457

ContohContoh HasilHasil daridari DAA SoftwareDAA Software

General ampSummary Data

gtgtgt

gtgtgt 983120983154983145983149983137983154983161 983124983145983149983141983098 983125983150983145983156 amp

983151983152983141983154983137983156983151983154 983152983141983154983142983151983154983149983137983150983139983141

983123983141983139983151983150983140983137983154983161 983124983145983149983141983098 983117983145983150983141983120983148983137983150983150983145983150983143 amp 983123983157983152983141983154983158983145983155983145983151983150

983120983141983154983142983151983154983149983137983150983139983141

Items to improve

Combine with DT cycle timeto get Matching Factor

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 1557

Data yang bisa diperolehData yang bisa diperoleh

Cycle time per-komponen excavatorwheel loader

Distribusi primary-secondary time

-

Fuel consumption

Estimasi produktivitas

Matching factor alat muat ndash alat angkut

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 1657

FaktorFaktor yangyang mempengaruhimempengaruhiBucket fill factorBucket fill factor

bull Bentuk amp fragmentasi materialbull Angle of reposebull

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 1757

Bucket fill factorBucket fill factor

SAE Standard Approx 11 bucket factor

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 1857

Optimalkan payload

ndash Baik untuk alat muat maupun angkut

Fleet Performance OptimizationFleet Performance Optimization

Maksimalkan efisiensi siklus kerja

Efisiensi interaksi alat muat-angkut

(match factor)

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 1957

Bucket fill factorBucket fill factor

Material yang tertinggal di bucket menjadi pengurang bucket fill factor

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2057

Fleet Performance GuidelinesFleet Performance Guidelines

Kunci tingginya performa fleet

ndash Loading rate maksimum

ndash Kecilnya waktu tunggu DTexcavator

Untuk produksi tinggi bisa

digunakan lsquodouble side loadingrsquo

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2157

Prinsip double side loading DT ngantri

Loading Double Side LoadingLoading Double Side Loading

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2257

Advantages of Double SideAdvantages of Double Side

LoadingLoading

Produktivitas fleet akan lebih tinggi Swing angle kecil cycle time loading

lebih cepat

Waktu tunggu manuver (wait to dump)shovel relatif kecil bahkan hampirtidak ada

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2357

Disadvantage of double sideDisadvantage of double side

loadingloading

Hauling cost lebih mahaldaripada loading cost

Dump truck mengantri lebihrugi daripada shovel nunggu

Double side loading yangmerupakan kelebihan shovel

mulai ditinggalkan

Penggunaan shovel akan

makin berkurang

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2457

Excavator Case StudyExcavator Case Study

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2557

KP = x x(n x ct) + JV1 + JV2 + t1+ t2

983115983120 983101 983120983154983151983140983157983139983156983145983158983145983156983161983107 983101 983120983154983151983140983157983139983156983145983151983150 983152983141983154 983124983154983145983152

983109 983101 983114983151983138 983109983142983142983145983139983145983141983150983139983161

983150 983101 983114983157983149983148983137983144 983120983144983137983155983141

983139983156 983101 983107983161983139983148983141 983124983145983149983141 983116983151983137983140983141983154

983114 983101 983112983137983157983148983145983150983143 983108983145983155983156983137983150983139983141983126983089 983101 983112983137983157983148983145983150983143 983123983152983141983141983140

983126983090 983101 983122983141983156983157983154983150983145983150983143 983123983152983141983141983140

983156983089 983101 983108983157983149983152983145983150983143 983124983145983149983141

983124983090 983101 983117983137983150983157983158983141983154 983124983145983149983141

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2657

DUMP TRUCK PRODUCTIVITY FACTORDUMP TRUCK PRODUCTIVITY FACTOR

BUCKET

CAPACITY

VESSELCONTAINMENT

NUMBER OFPASSES

PAYLOAD

BENCHCONDITION

LOADINGMETHOD

MATERIALCONDITION

PRODUCTIVITY

CYCLE-TIME

LOADINGTIME

SPEED

SPOTTIME

WAITINGTIME

HAULING amp

RETURN TIME

MATCHING

DISTANCE

LOADING TIMEPER-PASS

EXCAVATOR

OPERATOR SKILL

DT OPERATORSKILL

ROADCONDITION

DTCHARACTERISTIC

TRAFFICCONDITION

SPOT AREACONDITION

AVAILABLEPOWER

TIRE

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2757

General Haulage Unit ProductivityGeneral Haulage Unit Productivity

Haulage Cycle Components

Description+ Spot Time (1st Pass Delay)

+ Load Time

+ Haul Time

+ Turn and Dump Time

+ Return Time

+ Wait Delays (Repetitive)

Total Truck Cycle Time

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2857

Spot TimeManouver TimeSpot TimeManouver Time

Manuver di loading area Untuk mempercepat proses perlu

cukup untuk manuver

Rear Dump Trucks 15 ndash 40 seconds

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2957

Load TimeLoad Time

Waktu pemuatan

Mulai lsquobucket dumprsquo pertama sampai lsquobucketdumprsquo terakhir

- - -empty

Sering terganggu untuk pekerjaan lsquogeneralrsquo

ndash Faceslope Development

ndash Floor Clean-Up

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3057

Turn and Dump TimeTurn and Dump Time

Manuver amp dumping di disposal Raise and Descend Time for vessel

jalan dumping area yang buruk

Total Time asympasympasympasymp 100 minute

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3157

Wait Time Queuing TimeWait Time Queuing Time

Antri saat pemuatan Matching factor gt 1

Antri saat dumping umumnya untuk DT yangdumping di hoper atau disposal area sempit

sebagai bagian dari hauling time

Bisa dikurangi dengan perhitungan matchingfactor yang tepat

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3257

Travel TimeTravel Time

Can be loaded travel or empty travel

Either Method Requires Detailed ProfileInformation such as

ndash Distance ndash Grade Resistance

ndash Rolling Resistance

ndash Speed Limits

ndash Curve Locations and Radius Figures

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3357

The sum of

ndash Spot and wait time

ndash Load time

Truck Cycle TimeTruck Cycle Time

ndash All travel time

ndash Turn amp dump time plus all other fixed time

Number of cycles hour equals ndash Define production time per hour

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3457

Haul Truck Performance Optimization

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3557

Critical Operating ParametersCritical Operating Parameters

PayloadPayload Typical Rolling Resistance ValuesTypical Rolling Resistance Values

o ng es s anceo ng es s ance

Construction Methods andConstruction Methods andMaterialsMaterials

Road CharacteristicRoad Characteristic DrainageDrainage

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3657

Typical Rolling Resistance ValuesTypical Rolling Resistance ValuesTire Rolling

Penetration Resistance

Hard smooth stabilized surface roadway withoutpenetration under load maintained watered

0 2

Firm smooth rolling roadway with dirt or light surfacingflexing slightly under load maintained watered

12-1 3

Conditions

Dirt roadway rutted flexing under load little maintenanceno water 1-2 in (25-50 mm) tire penetration 1-2 5

Rutted dirt roadway soft under travel no maintenance nostabilization 4-6 in (100-150 mm) tire penetration

4-6 8

Loose sand or gravel 6+ 10

Soft muddy rutted roadway no maintenance 6-12 10-20

Snow packed - 45

Snow loose - 25

Rolling ResistanceRolling Resistance

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3757

Rolling Resistance 15 - 20

Asphalt Paved Road Well Maintained Unpaved RoadRolling Resistance 25~30 Rolling Resistance 35

Compacted maintained by MotorGrader but still soft on surface

Rolling ResistanceRolling Resistance

Soft not well maintained such asloading area

Rolling Resistance 50

Badly maintained not compacted

Rolling Resistance 80 Rolling Resistance 15~20

Not maintained at all Soft muddyNot for rigid dump trucks

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3857

bull ldquoOpenrdquo dimensionbull CBR 80 or greater crushed

Construction Methods andConstruction Methods and

MaterialsMaterials

bull Layers =lt 8 in (20 cm)bull Subbase 2 ft (06m) widerbull Repeated passes- -tracked

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3957

ndash Maximize Safety Speeds ndash Minimize Tire Wear ndash Minimize Spillage

Curve SuperelevationCurve Superelevation

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4057

Road WidthRoad Width

For mining with various of dump truck size follow the biggest dump truck

Dimensi lebar jalan 35 x lebar Dump Truck

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4157

Curve RadiusCurve Radius

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4257

Drainage ControlDrainage Control

Rapid removal of water

Adequate ditch capacity and incline

Crown appropriate for multiple-laneconstruction

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4357

Dump Truck Case StudyDump Truck Case Study

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4457

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4557

General Ripping InformationGeneral Ripping Information Ripper point Penetration ndash Key to Ripping Feasibility

Ripping Feasibility by Rock Type ndash Sedimentary Rocks ( sandstone shale limestone) ndash Feasible

ndash ndash

Questionable to Not Possible

Favorable Rock Characteristics for Ripping

ndash Stratified (Surface Cracking)

ndash Weathered ndash Laminated (Layered)

ndash Brittle

ndash Fractured

Ripping is More Technique than Science

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4657

Ripping Dozing TechniqueRipping Dozing Technique

Mengetahui arah lapisan kekerasanmaterial

Metode menumpuk material untukumpan excavator

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4757

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4857

Bench Height amp Bucket SizeRelationship

Bench HeightBench Height

1 Material height min 15 bucketheight minimum

2 Gravity Assistance needed

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4957

Wheel Loader Cycle Time FiguresWheel Loader Cycle Time Figures

Loader Type sec 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 40 42 44 46 48 50 52 54 56 58 60 62 64 66WA800

WA900

WA1200

Wheel Loader Application - V Cycle Loading

Digging Conditions Attention

= Easy 1) Cycle times are average figures and for diggable material only 2) Cycle times for standard attachments only

3) Hi-Lift specifications increase cycle times by approximately 2-3 seconds

= Average 4) Due to the many variables present at most job sites the preceding cycle

time figures are for planning purpose only and cannot be guaranteed

in any manner

= Severe

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5057

Wheel Loader ProductivityWheel Loader Productivity

Productivity Components

+ Truck Spot Time (1st Pass Delay)

+ Load Time (field cycle time data or estimates)

ndash Consider normal process delays such asbull Floor Clean-up

bull Face Development

bull Positioning etc

+ Wait for Trucks (if any)

Total Loading Tool Cycle Time per Truck

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5157

Wheel Loader ProductivityWheel Loader Productivity

Productivity Calculation

Production Minutes Hr (Job Efficiency Factor)

bull Operator efficiency amp motivation

bull Work organization

bull Management amp supervision

divide Loading Tool Cycle Time per Truck

Number of Trucks per Hour

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5257

Effects of OverloadingEffects of Overloading

1 Exceeds Rated Capacity

2 Machine Stability

3 Compromises Safety

4 Shortened Component Life

bull Boom Cracking

bull Hydraulic System

bull Tire Wear

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5357

Prinsip Pemuatan OptimalPrinsip Pemuatan Optimal

Waktu tunggu sekecil mungkin

Ideal Number of Passes = 3 ndash 5

(tidak ada frac12 bucket)

Kesesuaian dengan dump truck

ndash Loading Height ndash Reach

ndash Bucket Length

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5457

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5557

Fleet ProductivityFleet Productivity Total produksi material yang bisa tertransport per-

satuan waktu Satuan umum fleet productivity

Ritase alat angkutjam - =

HD785-5 = 42 bcmrit

PC1250 01 PC1250 02 PC2000 01475

630 - 700 Daily Daily Daily

700 - 800 506

800 - 900 330

900 - 1000 572

1000 - 1100 550

1100 - 1200 4181200 - 1300

1300 - 1400 462

1400 - 1500 Hujan Hujan Hujan

1500 - 1600 636

1600 - 1700 572

1700 - 1800 462

1800 - 1830 220Total per shift 4728

Rata2 perjam 4948

ExcavatorTarget BCMhr

Istirahat

Prestasi akhir fleet akan terlihat pada

performa alat angkut

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5657

Matching FactorMatching Factor

MF =Jml Excavator x CT DT

x x v x u

MF gt 1 DT antri

MF lt 1 Excavator nungguCommon practice MF = 09 - 1

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5757

Page 7: 2. Productivity_AED UT.pdf

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 757

Total TimeTotal Time

Waktu siklus (cycle time) yang dibutuhkan untukmelakukan produksi

Terbagi atas waktu primer amp sekunder

pastiharus ada

Sekunder meliputi komponen waktu yangsebenarnya tidak perlu ada namun ada kalanyatak bisa dihindari dalam proses produksi

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 857

Komponen Total waktuKomponen Total waktu

Machine

type

Working

type Primary time Secondary time

HydraulicExcavator

Loading Digging-Swing Loaded ndashDump ndash Swing Empty

Wait to dump idle dig toprepare amp cleaning

- ndash

Loader

forward loaded - Dump ndashreverse empty ndash forwardempty

clearing idle amp wait todump

DumpTruck

Hauling Loading-hauling-spot atdump ndash dumping-returning-spot at load

Delay amp queuing

Dozer Ripping Ripping positioning todoze dozing positioningto rip

Idle amp delay

Dozer Dozing Dozing Idle amp delay

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 957

Success story of productivity improvementSuccess story of productivity improvement

PC3000 Job Site X

Condition Cycle time 259 sec

Improve by UT KMG KLTDbull Increase digging forcebull Improvement hydraulic system

bull Operator training

Result Cycle time 246 sec

Customer

Bisakah dipercepat

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 1057

Success story of productivity improvementSuccess story of productivity improvement

HD1500 payload 150 ton

Satu trip muat penuh hanya +- 135 tonBanyak tumpahan

Ditambah extention wall+- 150 ton per-tripMengurangi tumpahanPerubahan fuel consumption amp speed

tidak signifikan Syarat utama NO OVER LOAD

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 1157

Possibility Hazard when DT OverloadPossibility Hazard when DT Overload

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 1257

KP = KB x BF x 3600 x ECT

983115983120 983101 983120983154983151983140983157983139983156983145983158983145983156983161

983115983106 983101 983106983157983139983147983141983156 983107983137983152983137983139983145983156983161

983106983110 983101 983106983157983139983147983141983156 983110983145983148983148 983110983137983139983156983151983154

983109 983101 983114983151983138 983109983142983142983145983139983145983141983150983139983161

983107983124 983101 983107983161983139983148983141 983124983145983149983141

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 1357

Productivity test for excavator andProductivity test for excavator andwheel loaderwheel loader

By DAA software

- Actual test measure takentime of every motion of themachine to know actual

cycle time productivity fuelconsumption

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 1457

ContohContoh HasilHasil daridari DAA SoftwareDAA Software

General ampSummary Data

gtgtgt

gtgtgt 983120983154983145983149983137983154983161 983124983145983149983141983098 983125983150983145983156 amp

983151983152983141983154983137983156983151983154 983152983141983154983142983151983154983149983137983150983139983141

983123983141983139983151983150983140983137983154983161 983124983145983149983141983098 983117983145983150983141983120983148983137983150983150983145983150983143 amp 983123983157983152983141983154983158983145983155983145983151983150

983120983141983154983142983151983154983149983137983150983139983141

Items to improve

Combine with DT cycle timeto get Matching Factor

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 1557

Data yang bisa diperolehData yang bisa diperoleh

Cycle time per-komponen excavatorwheel loader

Distribusi primary-secondary time

-

Fuel consumption

Estimasi produktivitas

Matching factor alat muat ndash alat angkut

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 1657

FaktorFaktor yangyang mempengaruhimempengaruhiBucket fill factorBucket fill factor

bull Bentuk amp fragmentasi materialbull Angle of reposebull

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 1757

Bucket fill factorBucket fill factor

SAE Standard Approx 11 bucket factor

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 1857

Optimalkan payload

ndash Baik untuk alat muat maupun angkut

Fleet Performance OptimizationFleet Performance Optimization

Maksimalkan efisiensi siklus kerja

Efisiensi interaksi alat muat-angkut

(match factor)

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 1957

Bucket fill factorBucket fill factor

Material yang tertinggal di bucket menjadi pengurang bucket fill factor

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2057

Fleet Performance GuidelinesFleet Performance Guidelines

Kunci tingginya performa fleet

ndash Loading rate maksimum

ndash Kecilnya waktu tunggu DTexcavator

Untuk produksi tinggi bisa

digunakan lsquodouble side loadingrsquo

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2157

Prinsip double side loading DT ngantri

Loading Double Side LoadingLoading Double Side Loading

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2257

Advantages of Double SideAdvantages of Double Side

LoadingLoading

Produktivitas fleet akan lebih tinggi Swing angle kecil cycle time loading

lebih cepat

Waktu tunggu manuver (wait to dump)shovel relatif kecil bahkan hampirtidak ada

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2357

Disadvantage of double sideDisadvantage of double side

loadingloading

Hauling cost lebih mahaldaripada loading cost

Dump truck mengantri lebihrugi daripada shovel nunggu

Double side loading yangmerupakan kelebihan shovel

mulai ditinggalkan

Penggunaan shovel akan

makin berkurang

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2457

Excavator Case StudyExcavator Case Study

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2557

KP = x x(n x ct) + JV1 + JV2 + t1+ t2

983115983120 983101 983120983154983151983140983157983139983156983145983158983145983156983161983107 983101 983120983154983151983140983157983139983156983145983151983150 983152983141983154 983124983154983145983152

983109 983101 983114983151983138 983109983142983142983145983139983145983141983150983139983161

983150 983101 983114983157983149983148983137983144 983120983144983137983155983141

983139983156 983101 983107983161983139983148983141 983124983145983149983141 983116983151983137983140983141983154

983114 983101 983112983137983157983148983145983150983143 983108983145983155983156983137983150983139983141983126983089 983101 983112983137983157983148983145983150983143 983123983152983141983141983140

983126983090 983101 983122983141983156983157983154983150983145983150983143 983123983152983141983141983140

983156983089 983101 983108983157983149983152983145983150983143 983124983145983149983141

983124983090 983101 983117983137983150983157983158983141983154 983124983145983149983141

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2657

DUMP TRUCK PRODUCTIVITY FACTORDUMP TRUCK PRODUCTIVITY FACTOR

BUCKET

CAPACITY

VESSELCONTAINMENT

NUMBER OFPASSES

PAYLOAD

BENCHCONDITION

LOADINGMETHOD

MATERIALCONDITION

PRODUCTIVITY

CYCLE-TIME

LOADINGTIME

SPEED

SPOTTIME

WAITINGTIME

HAULING amp

RETURN TIME

MATCHING

DISTANCE

LOADING TIMEPER-PASS

EXCAVATOR

OPERATOR SKILL

DT OPERATORSKILL

ROADCONDITION

DTCHARACTERISTIC

TRAFFICCONDITION

SPOT AREACONDITION

AVAILABLEPOWER

TIRE

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2757

General Haulage Unit ProductivityGeneral Haulage Unit Productivity

Haulage Cycle Components

Description+ Spot Time (1st Pass Delay)

+ Load Time

+ Haul Time

+ Turn and Dump Time

+ Return Time

+ Wait Delays (Repetitive)

Total Truck Cycle Time

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2857

Spot TimeManouver TimeSpot TimeManouver Time

Manuver di loading area Untuk mempercepat proses perlu

cukup untuk manuver

Rear Dump Trucks 15 ndash 40 seconds

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2957

Load TimeLoad Time

Waktu pemuatan

Mulai lsquobucket dumprsquo pertama sampai lsquobucketdumprsquo terakhir

- - -empty

Sering terganggu untuk pekerjaan lsquogeneralrsquo

ndash Faceslope Development

ndash Floor Clean-Up

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3057

Turn and Dump TimeTurn and Dump Time

Manuver amp dumping di disposal Raise and Descend Time for vessel

jalan dumping area yang buruk

Total Time asympasympasympasymp 100 minute

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3157

Wait Time Queuing TimeWait Time Queuing Time

Antri saat pemuatan Matching factor gt 1

Antri saat dumping umumnya untuk DT yangdumping di hoper atau disposal area sempit

sebagai bagian dari hauling time

Bisa dikurangi dengan perhitungan matchingfactor yang tepat

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3257

Travel TimeTravel Time

Can be loaded travel or empty travel

Either Method Requires Detailed ProfileInformation such as

ndash Distance ndash Grade Resistance

ndash Rolling Resistance

ndash Speed Limits

ndash Curve Locations and Radius Figures

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3357

The sum of

ndash Spot and wait time

ndash Load time

Truck Cycle TimeTruck Cycle Time

ndash All travel time

ndash Turn amp dump time plus all other fixed time

Number of cycles hour equals ndash Define production time per hour

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3457

Haul Truck Performance Optimization

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3557

Critical Operating ParametersCritical Operating Parameters

PayloadPayload Typical Rolling Resistance ValuesTypical Rolling Resistance Values

o ng es s anceo ng es s ance

Construction Methods andConstruction Methods andMaterialsMaterials

Road CharacteristicRoad Characteristic DrainageDrainage

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3657

Typical Rolling Resistance ValuesTypical Rolling Resistance ValuesTire Rolling

Penetration Resistance

Hard smooth stabilized surface roadway withoutpenetration under load maintained watered

0 2

Firm smooth rolling roadway with dirt or light surfacingflexing slightly under load maintained watered

12-1 3

Conditions

Dirt roadway rutted flexing under load little maintenanceno water 1-2 in (25-50 mm) tire penetration 1-2 5

Rutted dirt roadway soft under travel no maintenance nostabilization 4-6 in (100-150 mm) tire penetration

4-6 8

Loose sand or gravel 6+ 10

Soft muddy rutted roadway no maintenance 6-12 10-20

Snow packed - 45

Snow loose - 25

Rolling ResistanceRolling Resistance

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3757

Rolling Resistance 15 - 20

Asphalt Paved Road Well Maintained Unpaved RoadRolling Resistance 25~30 Rolling Resistance 35

Compacted maintained by MotorGrader but still soft on surface

Rolling ResistanceRolling Resistance

Soft not well maintained such asloading area

Rolling Resistance 50

Badly maintained not compacted

Rolling Resistance 80 Rolling Resistance 15~20

Not maintained at all Soft muddyNot for rigid dump trucks

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3857

bull ldquoOpenrdquo dimensionbull CBR 80 or greater crushed

Construction Methods andConstruction Methods and

MaterialsMaterials

bull Layers =lt 8 in (20 cm)bull Subbase 2 ft (06m) widerbull Repeated passes- -tracked

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3957

ndash Maximize Safety Speeds ndash Minimize Tire Wear ndash Minimize Spillage

Curve SuperelevationCurve Superelevation

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4057

Road WidthRoad Width

For mining with various of dump truck size follow the biggest dump truck

Dimensi lebar jalan 35 x lebar Dump Truck

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4157

Curve RadiusCurve Radius

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4257

Drainage ControlDrainage Control

Rapid removal of water

Adequate ditch capacity and incline

Crown appropriate for multiple-laneconstruction

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4357

Dump Truck Case StudyDump Truck Case Study

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4457

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4557

General Ripping InformationGeneral Ripping Information Ripper point Penetration ndash Key to Ripping Feasibility

Ripping Feasibility by Rock Type ndash Sedimentary Rocks ( sandstone shale limestone) ndash Feasible

ndash ndash

Questionable to Not Possible

Favorable Rock Characteristics for Ripping

ndash Stratified (Surface Cracking)

ndash Weathered ndash Laminated (Layered)

ndash Brittle

ndash Fractured

Ripping is More Technique than Science

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4657

Ripping Dozing TechniqueRipping Dozing Technique

Mengetahui arah lapisan kekerasanmaterial

Metode menumpuk material untukumpan excavator

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4757

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4857

Bench Height amp Bucket SizeRelationship

Bench HeightBench Height

1 Material height min 15 bucketheight minimum

2 Gravity Assistance needed

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4957

Wheel Loader Cycle Time FiguresWheel Loader Cycle Time Figures

Loader Type sec 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 40 42 44 46 48 50 52 54 56 58 60 62 64 66WA800

WA900

WA1200

Wheel Loader Application - V Cycle Loading

Digging Conditions Attention

= Easy 1) Cycle times are average figures and for diggable material only 2) Cycle times for standard attachments only

3) Hi-Lift specifications increase cycle times by approximately 2-3 seconds

= Average 4) Due to the many variables present at most job sites the preceding cycle

time figures are for planning purpose only and cannot be guaranteed

in any manner

= Severe

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5057

Wheel Loader ProductivityWheel Loader Productivity

Productivity Components

+ Truck Spot Time (1st Pass Delay)

+ Load Time (field cycle time data or estimates)

ndash Consider normal process delays such asbull Floor Clean-up

bull Face Development

bull Positioning etc

+ Wait for Trucks (if any)

Total Loading Tool Cycle Time per Truck

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5157

Wheel Loader ProductivityWheel Loader Productivity

Productivity Calculation

Production Minutes Hr (Job Efficiency Factor)

bull Operator efficiency amp motivation

bull Work organization

bull Management amp supervision

divide Loading Tool Cycle Time per Truck

Number of Trucks per Hour

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5257

Effects of OverloadingEffects of Overloading

1 Exceeds Rated Capacity

2 Machine Stability

3 Compromises Safety

4 Shortened Component Life

bull Boom Cracking

bull Hydraulic System

bull Tire Wear

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5357

Prinsip Pemuatan OptimalPrinsip Pemuatan Optimal

Waktu tunggu sekecil mungkin

Ideal Number of Passes = 3 ndash 5

(tidak ada frac12 bucket)

Kesesuaian dengan dump truck

ndash Loading Height ndash Reach

ndash Bucket Length

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5457

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5557

Fleet ProductivityFleet Productivity Total produksi material yang bisa tertransport per-

satuan waktu Satuan umum fleet productivity

Ritase alat angkutjam - =

HD785-5 = 42 bcmrit

PC1250 01 PC1250 02 PC2000 01475

630 - 700 Daily Daily Daily

700 - 800 506

800 - 900 330

900 - 1000 572

1000 - 1100 550

1100 - 1200 4181200 - 1300

1300 - 1400 462

1400 - 1500 Hujan Hujan Hujan

1500 - 1600 636

1600 - 1700 572

1700 - 1800 462

1800 - 1830 220Total per shift 4728

Rata2 perjam 4948

ExcavatorTarget BCMhr

Istirahat

Prestasi akhir fleet akan terlihat pada

performa alat angkut

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5657

Matching FactorMatching Factor

MF =Jml Excavator x CT DT

x x v x u

MF gt 1 DT antri

MF lt 1 Excavator nungguCommon practice MF = 09 - 1

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5757

Page 8: 2. Productivity_AED UT.pdf

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 857

Komponen Total waktuKomponen Total waktu

Machine

type

Working

type Primary time Secondary time

HydraulicExcavator

Loading Digging-Swing Loaded ndashDump ndash Swing Empty

Wait to dump idle dig toprepare amp cleaning

- ndash

Loader

forward loaded - Dump ndashreverse empty ndash forwardempty

clearing idle amp wait todump

DumpTruck

Hauling Loading-hauling-spot atdump ndash dumping-returning-spot at load

Delay amp queuing

Dozer Ripping Ripping positioning todoze dozing positioningto rip

Idle amp delay

Dozer Dozing Dozing Idle amp delay

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 957

Success story of productivity improvementSuccess story of productivity improvement

PC3000 Job Site X

Condition Cycle time 259 sec

Improve by UT KMG KLTDbull Increase digging forcebull Improvement hydraulic system

bull Operator training

Result Cycle time 246 sec

Customer

Bisakah dipercepat

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 1057

Success story of productivity improvementSuccess story of productivity improvement

HD1500 payload 150 ton

Satu trip muat penuh hanya +- 135 tonBanyak tumpahan

Ditambah extention wall+- 150 ton per-tripMengurangi tumpahanPerubahan fuel consumption amp speed

tidak signifikan Syarat utama NO OVER LOAD

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 1157

Possibility Hazard when DT OverloadPossibility Hazard when DT Overload

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 1257

KP = KB x BF x 3600 x ECT

983115983120 983101 983120983154983151983140983157983139983156983145983158983145983156983161

983115983106 983101 983106983157983139983147983141983156 983107983137983152983137983139983145983156983161

983106983110 983101 983106983157983139983147983141983156 983110983145983148983148 983110983137983139983156983151983154

983109 983101 983114983151983138 983109983142983142983145983139983145983141983150983139983161

983107983124 983101 983107983161983139983148983141 983124983145983149983141

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 1357

Productivity test for excavator andProductivity test for excavator andwheel loaderwheel loader

By DAA software

- Actual test measure takentime of every motion of themachine to know actual

cycle time productivity fuelconsumption

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 1457

ContohContoh HasilHasil daridari DAA SoftwareDAA Software

General ampSummary Data

gtgtgt

gtgtgt 983120983154983145983149983137983154983161 983124983145983149983141983098 983125983150983145983156 amp

983151983152983141983154983137983156983151983154 983152983141983154983142983151983154983149983137983150983139983141

983123983141983139983151983150983140983137983154983161 983124983145983149983141983098 983117983145983150983141983120983148983137983150983150983145983150983143 amp 983123983157983152983141983154983158983145983155983145983151983150

983120983141983154983142983151983154983149983137983150983139983141

Items to improve

Combine with DT cycle timeto get Matching Factor

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 1557

Data yang bisa diperolehData yang bisa diperoleh

Cycle time per-komponen excavatorwheel loader

Distribusi primary-secondary time

-

Fuel consumption

Estimasi produktivitas

Matching factor alat muat ndash alat angkut

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 1657

FaktorFaktor yangyang mempengaruhimempengaruhiBucket fill factorBucket fill factor

bull Bentuk amp fragmentasi materialbull Angle of reposebull

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 1757

Bucket fill factorBucket fill factor

SAE Standard Approx 11 bucket factor

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 1857

Optimalkan payload

ndash Baik untuk alat muat maupun angkut

Fleet Performance OptimizationFleet Performance Optimization

Maksimalkan efisiensi siklus kerja

Efisiensi interaksi alat muat-angkut

(match factor)

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 1957

Bucket fill factorBucket fill factor

Material yang tertinggal di bucket menjadi pengurang bucket fill factor

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2057

Fleet Performance GuidelinesFleet Performance Guidelines

Kunci tingginya performa fleet

ndash Loading rate maksimum

ndash Kecilnya waktu tunggu DTexcavator

Untuk produksi tinggi bisa

digunakan lsquodouble side loadingrsquo

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2157

Prinsip double side loading DT ngantri

Loading Double Side LoadingLoading Double Side Loading

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2257

Advantages of Double SideAdvantages of Double Side

LoadingLoading

Produktivitas fleet akan lebih tinggi Swing angle kecil cycle time loading

lebih cepat

Waktu tunggu manuver (wait to dump)shovel relatif kecil bahkan hampirtidak ada

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2357

Disadvantage of double sideDisadvantage of double side

loadingloading

Hauling cost lebih mahaldaripada loading cost

Dump truck mengantri lebihrugi daripada shovel nunggu

Double side loading yangmerupakan kelebihan shovel

mulai ditinggalkan

Penggunaan shovel akan

makin berkurang

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2457

Excavator Case StudyExcavator Case Study

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2557

KP = x x(n x ct) + JV1 + JV2 + t1+ t2

983115983120 983101 983120983154983151983140983157983139983156983145983158983145983156983161983107 983101 983120983154983151983140983157983139983156983145983151983150 983152983141983154 983124983154983145983152

983109 983101 983114983151983138 983109983142983142983145983139983145983141983150983139983161

983150 983101 983114983157983149983148983137983144 983120983144983137983155983141

983139983156 983101 983107983161983139983148983141 983124983145983149983141 983116983151983137983140983141983154

983114 983101 983112983137983157983148983145983150983143 983108983145983155983156983137983150983139983141983126983089 983101 983112983137983157983148983145983150983143 983123983152983141983141983140

983126983090 983101 983122983141983156983157983154983150983145983150983143 983123983152983141983141983140

983156983089 983101 983108983157983149983152983145983150983143 983124983145983149983141

983124983090 983101 983117983137983150983157983158983141983154 983124983145983149983141

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2657

DUMP TRUCK PRODUCTIVITY FACTORDUMP TRUCK PRODUCTIVITY FACTOR

BUCKET

CAPACITY

VESSELCONTAINMENT

NUMBER OFPASSES

PAYLOAD

BENCHCONDITION

LOADINGMETHOD

MATERIALCONDITION

PRODUCTIVITY

CYCLE-TIME

LOADINGTIME

SPEED

SPOTTIME

WAITINGTIME

HAULING amp

RETURN TIME

MATCHING

DISTANCE

LOADING TIMEPER-PASS

EXCAVATOR

OPERATOR SKILL

DT OPERATORSKILL

ROADCONDITION

DTCHARACTERISTIC

TRAFFICCONDITION

SPOT AREACONDITION

AVAILABLEPOWER

TIRE

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2757

General Haulage Unit ProductivityGeneral Haulage Unit Productivity

Haulage Cycle Components

Description+ Spot Time (1st Pass Delay)

+ Load Time

+ Haul Time

+ Turn and Dump Time

+ Return Time

+ Wait Delays (Repetitive)

Total Truck Cycle Time

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2857

Spot TimeManouver TimeSpot TimeManouver Time

Manuver di loading area Untuk mempercepat proses perlu

cukup untuk manuver

Rear Dump Trucks 15 ndash 40 seconds

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2957

Load TimeLoad Time

Waktu pemuatan

Mulai lsquobucket dumprsquo pertama sampai lsquobucketdumprsquo terakhir

- - -empty

Sering terganggu untuk pekerjaan lsquogeneralrsquo

ndash Faceslope Development

ndash Floor Clean-Up

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3057

Turn and Dump TimeTurn and Dump Time

Manuver amp dumping di disposal Raise and Descend Time for vessel

jalan dumping area yang buruk

Total Time asympasympasympasymp 100 minute

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3157

Wait Time Queuing TimeWait Time Queuing Time

Antri saat pemuatan Matching factor gt 1

Antri saat dumping umumnya untuk DT yangdumping di hoper atau disposal area sempit

sebagai bagian dari hauling time

Bisa dikurangi dengan perhitungan matchingfactor yang tepat

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3257

Travel TimeTravel Time

Can be loaded travel or empty travel

Either Method Requires Detailed ProfileInformation such as

ndash Distance ndash Grade Resistance

ndash Rolling Resistance

ndash Speed Limits

ndash Curve Locations and Radius Figures

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3357

The sum of

ndash Spot and wait time

ndash Load time

Truck Cycle TimeTruck Cycle Time

ndash All travel time

ndash Turn amp dump time plus all other fixed time

Number of cycles hour equals ndash Define production time per hour

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3457

Haul Truck Performance Optimization

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3557

Critical Operating ParametersCritical Operating Parameters

PayloadPayload Typical Rolling Resistance ValuesTypical Rolling Resistance Values

o ng es s anceo ng es s ance

Construction Methods andConstruction Methods andMaterialsMaterials

Road CharacteristicRoad Characteristic DrainageDrainage

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3657

Typical Rolling Resistance ValuesTypical Rolling Resistance ValuesTire Rolling

Penetration Resistance

Hard smooth stabilized surface roadway withoutpenetration under load maintained watered

0 2

Firm smooth rolling roadway with dirt or light surfacingflexing slightly under load maintained watered

12-1 3

Conditions

Dirt roadway rutted flexing under load little maintenanceno water 1-2 in (25-50 mm) tire penetration 1-2 5

Rutted dirt roadway soft under travel no maintenance nostabilization 4-6 in (100-150 mm) tire penetration

4-6 8

Loose sand or gravel 6+ 10

Soft muddy rutted roadway no maintenance 6-12 10-20

Snow packed - 45

Snow loose - 25

Rolling ResistanceRolling Resistance

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3757

Rolling Resistance 15 - 20

Asphalt Paved Road Well Maintained Unpaved RoadRolling Resistance 25~30 Rolling Resistance 35

Compacted maintained by MotorGrader but still soft on surface

Rolling ResistanceRolling Resistance

Soft not well maintained such asloading area

Rolling Resistance 50

Badly maintained not compacted

Rolling Resistance 80 Rolling Resistance 15~20

Not maintained at all Soft muddyNot for rigid dump trucks

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3857

bull ldquoOpenrdquo dimensionbull CBR 80 or greater crushed

Construction Methods andConstruction Methods and

MaterialsMaterials

bull Layers =lt 8 in (20 cm)bull Subbase 2 ft (06m) widerbull Repeated passes- -tracked

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3957

ndash Maximize Safety Speeds ndash Minimize Tire Wear ndash Minimize Spillage

Curve SuperelevationCurve Superelevation

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4057

Road WidthRoad Width

For mining with various of dump truck size follow the biggest dump truck

Dimensi lebar jalan 35 x lebar Dump Truck

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4157

Curve RadiusCurve Radius

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4257

Drainage ControlDrainage Control

Rapid removal of water

Adequate ditch capacity and incline

Crown appropriate for multiple-laneconstruction

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4357

Dump Truck Case StudyDump Truck Case Study

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4457

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4557

General Ripping InformationGeneral Ripping Information Ripper point Penetration ndash Key to Ripping Feasibility

Ripping Feasibility by Rock Type ndash Sedimentary Rocks ( sandstone shale limestone) ndash Feasible

ndash ndash

Questionable to Not Possible

Favorable Rock Characteristics for Ripping

ndash Stratified (Surface Cracking)

ndash Weathered ndash Laminated (Layered)

ndash Brittle

ndash Fractured

Ripping is More Technique than Science

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4657

Ripping Dozing TechniqueRipping Dozing Technique

Mengetahui arah lapisan kekerasanmaterial

Metode menumpuk material untukumpan excavator

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4757

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4857

Bench Height amp Bucket SizeRelationship

Bench HeightBench Height

1 Material height min 15 bucketheight minimum

2 Gravity Assistance needed

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4957

Wheel Loader Cycle Time FiguresWheel Loader Cycle Time Figures

Loader Type sec 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 40 42 44 46 48 50 52 54 56 58 60 62 64 66WA800

WA900

WA1200

Wheel Loader Application - V Cycle Loading

Digging Conditions Attention

= Easy 1) Cycle times are average figures and for diggable material only 2) Cycle times for standard attachments only

3) Hi-Lift specifications increase cycle times by approximately 2-3 seconds

= Average 4) Due to the many variables present at most job sites the preceding cycle

time figures are for planning purpose only and cannot be guaranteed

in any manner

= Severe

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5057

Wheel Loader ProductivityWheel Loader Productivity

Productivity Components

+ Truck Spot Time (1st Pass Delay)

+ Load Time (field cycle time data or estimates)

ndash Consider normal process delays such asbull Floor Clean-up

bull Face Development

bull Positioning etc

+ Wait for Trucks (if any)

Total Loading Tool Cycle Time per Truck

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5157

Wheel Loader ProductivityWheel Loader Productivity

Productivity Calculation

Production Minutes Hr (Job Efficiency Factor)

bull Operator efficiency amp motivation

bull Work organization

bull Management amp supervision

divide Loading Tool Cycle Time per Truck

Number of Trucks per Hour

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5257

Effects of OverloadingEffects of Overloading

1 Exceeds Rated Capacity

2 Machine Stability

3 Compromises Safety

4 Shortened Component Life

bull Boom Cracking

bull Hydraulic System

bull Tire Wear

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5357

Prinsip Pemuatan OptimalPrinsip Pemuatan Optimal

Waktu tunggu sekecil mungkin

Ideal Number of Passes = 3 ndash 5

(tidak ada frac12 bucket)

Kesesuaian dengan dump truck

ndash Loading Height ndash Reach

ndash Bucket Length

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5457

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5557

Fleet ProductivityFleet Productivity Total produksi material yang bisa tertransport per-

satuan waktu Satuan umum fleet productivity

Ritase alat angkutjam - =

HD785-5 = 42 bcmrit

PC1250 01 PC1250 02 PC2000 01475

630 - 700 Daily Daily Daily

700 - 800 506

800 - 900 330

900 - 1000 572

1000 - 1100 550

1100 - 1200 4181200 - 1300

1300 - 1400 462

1400 - 1500 Hujan Hujan Hujan

1500 - 1600 636

1600 - 1700 572

1700 - 1800 462

1800 - 1830 220Total per shift 4728

Rata2 perjam 4948

ExcavatorTarget BCMhr

Istirahat

Prestasi akhir fleet akan terlihat pada

performa alat angkut

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5657

Matching FactorMatching Factor

MF =Jml Excavator x CT DT

x x v x u

MF gt 1 DT antri

MF lt 1 Excavator nungguCommon practice MF = 09 - 1

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5757

Page 9: 2. Productivity_AED UT.pdf

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 957

Success story of productivity improvementSuccess story of productivity improvement

PC3000 Job Site X

Condition Cycle time 259 sec

Improve by UT KMG KLTDbull Increase digging forcebull Improvement hydraulic system

bull Operator training

Result Cycle time 246 sec

Customer

Bisakah dipercepat

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 1057

Success story of productivity improvementSuccess story of productivity improvement

HD1500 payload 150 ton

Satu trip muat penuh hanya +- 135 tonBanyak tumpahan

Ditambah extention wall+- 150 ton per-tripMengurangi tumpahanPerubahan fuel consumption amp speed

tidak signifikan Syarat utama NO OVER LOAD

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 1157

Possibility Hazard when DT OverloadPossibility Hazard when DT Overload

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 1257

KP = KB x BF x 3600 x ECT

983115983120 983101 983120983154983151983140983157983139983156983145983158983145983156983161

983115983106 983101 983106983157983139983147983141983156 983107983137983152983137983139983145983156983161

983106983110 983101 983106983157983139983147983141983156 983110983145983148983148 983110983137983139983156983151983154

983109 983101 983114983151983138 983109983142983142983145983139983145983141983150983139983161

983107983124 983101 983107983161983139983148983141 983124983145983149983141

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 1357

Productivity test for excavator andProductivity test for excavator andwheel loaderwheel loader

By DAA software

- Actual test measure takentime of every motion of themachine to know actual

cycle time productivity fuelconsumption

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 1457

ContohContoh HasilHasil daridari DAA SoftwareDAA Software

General ampSummary Data

gtgtgt

gtgtgt 983120983154983145983149983137983154983161 983124983145983149983141983098 983125983150983145983156 amp

983151983152983141983154983137983156983151983154 983152983141983154983142983151983154983149983137983150983139983141

983123983141983139983151983150983140983137983154983161 983124983145983149983141983098 983117983145983150983141983120983148983137983150983150983145983150983143 amp 983123983157983152983141983154983158983145983155983145983151983150

983120983141983154983142983151983154983149983137983150983139983141

Items to improve

Combine with DT cycle timeto get Matching Factor

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 1557

Data yang bisa diperolehData yang bisa diperoleh

Cycle time per-komponen excavatorwheel loader

Distribusi primary-secondary time

-

Fuel consumption

Estimasi produktivitas

Matching factor alat muat ndash alat angkut

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 1657

FaktorFaktor yangyang mempengaruhimempengaruhiBucket fill factorBucket fill factor

bull Bentuk amp fragmentasi materialbull Angle of reposebull

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 1757

Bucket fill factorBucket fill factor

SAE Standard Approx 11 bucket factor

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 1857

Optimalkan payload

ndash Baik untuk alat muat maupun angkut

Fleet Performance OptimizationFleet Performance Optimization

Maksimalkan efisiensi siklus kerja

Efisiensi interaksi alat muat-angkut

(match factor)

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 1957

Bucket fill factorBucket fill factor

Material yang tertinggal di bucket menjadi pengurang bucket fill factor

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2057

Fleet Performance GuidelinesFleet Performance Guidelines

Kunci tingginya performa fleet

ndash Loading rate maksimum

ndash Kecilnya waktu tunggu DTexcavator

Untuk produksi tinggi bisa

digunakan lsquodouble side loadingrsquo

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2157

Prinsip double side loading DT ngantri

Loading Double Side LoadingLoading Double Side Loading

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2257

Advantages of Double SideAdvantages of Double Side

LoadingLoading

Produktivitas fleet akan lebih tinggi Swing angle kecil cycle time loading

lebih cepat

Waktu tunggu manuver (wait to dump)shovel relatif kecil bahkan hampirtidak ada

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2357

Disadvantage of double sideDisadvantage of double side

loadingloading

Hauling cost lebih mahaldaripada loading cost

Dump truck mengantri lebihrugi daripada shovel nunggu

Double side loading yangmerupakan kelebihan shovel

mulai ditinggalkan

Penggunaan shovel akan

makin berkurang

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2457

Excavator Case StudyExcavator Case Study

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2557

KP = x x(n x ct) + JV1 + JV2 + t1+ t2

983115983120 983101 983120983154983151983140983157983139983156983145983158983145983156983161983107 983101 983120983154983151983140983157983139983156983145983151983150 983152983141983154 983124983154983145983152

983109 983101 983114983151983138 983109983142983142983145983139983145983141983150983139983161

983150 983101 983114983157983149983148983137983144 983120983144983137983155983141

983139983156 983101 983107983161983139983148983141 983124983145983149983141 983116983151983137983140983141983154

983114 983101 983112983137983157983148983145983150983143 983108983145983155983156983137983150983139983141983126983089 983101 983112983137983157983148983145983150983143 983123983152983141983141983140

983126983090 983101 983122983141983156983157983154983150983145983150983143 983123983152983141983141983140

983156983089 983101 983108983157983149983152983145983150983143 983124983145983149983141

983124983090 983101 983117983137983150983157983158983141983154 983124983145983149983141

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2657

DUMP TRUCK PRODUCTIVITY FACTORDUMP TRUCK PRODUCTIVITY FACTOR

BUCKET

CAPACITY

VESSELCONTAINMENT

NUMBER OFPASSES

PAYLOAD

BENCHCONDITION

LOADINGMETHOD

MATERIALCONDITION

PRODUCTIVITY

CYCLE-TIME

LOADINGTIME

SPEED

SPOTTIME

WAITINGTIME

HAULING amp

RETURN TIME

MATCHING

DISTANCE

LOADING TIMEPER-PASS

EXCAVATOR

OPERATOR SKILL

DT OPERATORSKILL

ROADCONDITION

DTCHARACTERISTIC

TRAFFICCONDITION

SPOT AREACONDITION

AVAILABLEPOWER

TIRE

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2757

General Haulage Unit ProductivityGeneral Haulage Unit Productivity

Haulage Cycle Components

Description+ Spot Time (1st Pass Delay)

+ Load Time

+ Haul Time

+ Turn and Dump Time

+ Return Time

+ Wait Delays (Repetitive)

Total Truck Cycle Time

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2857

Spot TimeManouver TimeSpot TimeManouver Time

Manuver di loading area Untuk mempercepat proses perlu

cukup untuk manuver

Rear Dump Trucks 15 ndash 40 seconds

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2957

Load TimeLoad Time

Waktu pemuatan

Mulai lsquobucket dumprsquo pertama sampai lsquobucketdumprsquo terakhir

- - -empty

Sering terganggu untuk pekerjaan lsquogeneralrsquo

ndash Faceslope Development

ndash Floor Clean-Up

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3057

Turn and Dump TimeTurn and Dump Time

Manuver amp dumping di disposal Raise and Descend Time for vessel

jalan dumping area yang buruk

Total Time asympasympasympasymp 100 minute

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3157

Wait Time Queuing TimeWait Time Queuing Time

Antri saat pemuatan Matching factor gt 1

Antri saat dumping umumnya untuk DT yangdumping di hoper atau disposal area sempit

sebagai bagian dari hauling time

Bisa dikurangi dengan perhitungan matchingfactor yang tepat

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3257

Travel TimeTravel Time

Can be loaded travel or empty travel

Either Method Requires Detailed ProfileInformation such as

ndash Distance ndash Grade Resistance

ndash Rolling Resistance

ndash Speed Limits

ndash Curve Locations and Radius Figures

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3357

The sum of

ndash Spot and wait time

ndash Load time

Truck Cycle TimeTruck Cycle Time

ndash All travel time

ndash Turn amp dump time plus all other fixed time

Number of cycles hour equals ndash Define production time per hour

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3457

Haul Truck Performance Optimization

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3557

Critical Operating ParametersCritical Operating Parameters

PayloadPayload Typical Rolling Resistance ValuesTypical Rolling Resistance Values

o ng es s anceo ng es s ance

Construction Methods andConstruction Methods andMaterialsMaterials

Road CharacteristicRoad Characteristic DrainageDrainage

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3657

Typical Rolling Resistance ValuesTypical Rolling Resistance ValuesTire Rolling

Penetration Resistance

Hard smooth stabilized surface roadway withoutpenetration under load maintained watered

0 2

Firm smooth rolling roadway with dirt or light surfacingflexing slightly under load maintained watered

12-1 3

Conditions

Dirt roadway rutted flexing under load little maintenanceno water 1-2 in (25-50 mm) tire penetration 1-2 5

Rutted dirt roadway soft under travel no maintenance nostabilization 4-6 in (100-150 mm) tire penetration

4-6 8

Loose sand or gravel 6+ 10

Soft muddy rutted roadway no maintenance 6-12 10-20

Snow packed - 45

Snow loose - 25

Rolling ResistanceRolling Resistance

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3757

Rolling Resistance 15 - 20

Asphalt Paved Road Well Maintained Unpaved RoadRolling Resistance 25~30 Rolling Resistance 35

Compacted maintained by MotorGrader but still soft on surface

Rolling ResistanceRolling Resistance

Soft not well maintained such asloading area

Rolling Resistance 50

Badly maintained not compacted

Rolling Resistance 80 Rolling Resistance 15~20

Not maintained at all Soft muddyNot for rigid dump trucks

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3857

bull ldquoOpenrdquo dimensionbull CBR 80 or greater crushed

Construction Methods andConstruction Methods and

MaterialsMaterials

bull Layers =lt 8 in (20 cm)bull Subbase 2 ft (06m) widerbull Repeated passes- -tracked

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3957

ndash Maximize Safety Speeds ndash Minimize Tire Wear ndash Minimize Spillage

Curve SuperelevationCurve Superelevation

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4057

Road WidthRoad Width

For mining with various of dump truck size follow the biggest dump truck

Dimensi lebar jalan 35 x lebar Dump Truck

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4157

Curve RadiusCurve Radius

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4257

Drainage ControlDrainage Control

Rapid removal of water

Adequate ditch capacity and incline

Crown appropriate for multiple-laneconstruction

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4357

Dump Truck Case StudyDump Truck Case Study

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4457

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4557

General Ripping InformationGeneral Ripping Information Ripper point Penetration ndash Key to Ripping Feasibility

Ripping Feasibility by Rock Type ndash Sedimentary Rocks ( sandstone shale limestone) ndash Feasible

ndash ndash

Questionable to Not Possible

Favorable Rock Characteristics for Ripping

ndash Stratified (Surface Cracking)

ndash Weathered ndash Laminated (Layered)

ndash Brittle

ndash Fractured

Ripping is More Technique than Science

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4657

Ripping Dozing TechniqueRipping Dozing Technique

Mengetahui arah lapisan kekerasanmaterial

Metode menumpuk material untukumpan excavator

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4757

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4857

Bench Height amp Bucket SizeRelationship

Bench HeightBench Height

1 Material height min 15 bucketheight minimum

2 Gravity Assistance needed

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4957

Wheel Loader Cycle Time FiguresWheel Loader Cycle Time Figures

Loader Type sec 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 40 42 44 46 48 50 52 54 56 58 60 62 64 66WA800

WA900

WA1200

Wheel Loader Application - V Cycle Loading

Digging Conditions Attention

= Easy 1) Cycle times are average figures and for diggable material only 2) Cycle times for standard attachments only

3) Hi-Lift specifications increase cycle times by approximately 2-3 seconds

= Average 4) Due to the many variables present at most job sites the preceding cycle

time figures are for planning purpose only and cannot be guaranteed

in any manner

= Severe

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5057

Wheel Loader ProductivityWheel Loader Productivity

Productivity Components

+ Truck Spot Time (1st Pass Delay)

+ Load Time (field cycle time data or estimates)

ndash Consider normal process delays such asbull Floor Clean-up

bull Face Development

bull Positioning etc

+ Wait for Trucks (if any)

Total Loading Tool Cycle Time per Truck

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5157

Wheel Loader ProductivityWheel Loader Productivity

Productivity Calculation

Production Minutes Hr (Job Efficiency Factor)

bull Operator efficiency amp motivation

bull Work organization

bull Management amp supervision

divide Loading Tool Cycle Time per Truck

Number of Trucks per Hour

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5257

Effects of OverloadingEffects of Overloading

1 Exceeds Rated Capacity

2 Machine Stability

3 Compromises Safety

4 Shortened Component Life

bull Boom Cracking

bull Hydraulic System

bull Tire Wear

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5357

Prinsip Pemuatan OptimalPrinsip Pemuatan Optimal

Waktu tunggu sekecil mungkin

Ideal Number of Passes = 3 ndash 5

(tidak ada frac12 bucket)

Kesesuaian dengan dump truck

ndash Loading Height ndash Reach

ndash Bucket Length

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5457

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5557

Fleet ProductivityFleet Productivity Total produksi material yang bisa tertransport per-

satuan waktu Satuan umum fleet productivity

Ritase alat angkutjam - =

HD785-5 = 42 bcmrit

PC1250 01 PC1250 02 PC2000 01475

630 - 700 Daily Daily Daily

700 - 800 506

800 - 900 330

900 - 1000 572

1000 - 1100 550

1100 - 1200 4181200 - 1300

1300 - 1400 462

1400 - 1500 Hujan Hujan Hujan

1500 - 1600 636

1600 - 1700 572

1700 - 1800 462

1800 - 1830 220Total per shift 4728

Rata2 perjam 4948

ExcavatorTarget BCMhr

Istirahat

Prestasi akhir fleet akan terlihat pada

performa alat angkut

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5657

Matching FactorMatching Factor

MF =Jml Excavator x CT DT

x x v x u

MF gt 1 DT antri

MF lt 1 Excavator nungguCommon practice MF = 09 - 1

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5757

Page 10: 2. Productivity_AED UT.pdf

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 1057

Success story of productivity improvementSuccess story of productivity improvement

HD1500 payload 150 ton

Satu trip muat penuh hanya +- 135 tonBanyak tumpahan

Ditambah extention wall+- 150 ton per-tripMengurangi tumpahanPerubahan fuel consumption amp speed

tidak signifikan Syarat utama NO OVER LOAD

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 1157

Possibility Hazard when DT OverloadPossibility Hazard when DT Overload

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 1257

KP = KB x BF x 3600 x ECT

983115983120 983101 983120983154983151983140983157983139983156983145983158983145983156983161

983115983106 983101 983106983157983139983147983141983156 983107983137983152983137983139983145983156983161

983106983110 983101 983106983157983139983147983141983156 983110983145983148983148 983110983137983139983156983151983154

983109 983101 983114983151983138 983109983142983142983145983139983145983141983150983139983161

983107983124 983101 983107983161983139983148983141 983124983145983149983141

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 1357

Productivity test for excavator andProductivity test for excavator andwheel loaderwheel loader

By DAA software

- Actual test measure takentime of every motion of themachine to know actual

cycle time productivity fuelconsumption

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 1457

ContohContoh HasilHasil daridari DAA SoftwareDAA Software

General ampSummary Data

gtgtgt

gtgtgt 983120983154983145983149983137983154983161 983124983145983149983141983098 983125983150983145983156 amp

983151983152983141983154983137983156983151983154 983152983141983154983142983151983154983149983137983150983139983141

983123983141983139983151983150983140983137983154983161 983124983145983149983141983098 983117983145983150983141983120983148983137983150983150983145983150983143 amp 983123983157983152983141983154983158983145983155983145983151983150

983120983141983154983142983151983154983149983137983150983139983141

Items to improve

Combine with DT cycle timeto get Matching Factor

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 1557

Data yang bisa diperolehData yang bisa diperoleh

Cycle time per-komponen excavatorwheel loader

Distribusi primary-secondary time

-

Fuel consumption

Estimasi produktivitas

Matching factor alat muat ndash alat angkut

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 1657

FaktorFaktor yangyang mempengaruhimempengaruhiBucket fill factorBucket fill factor

bull Bentuk amp fragmentasi materialbull Angle of reposebull

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 1757

Bucket fill factorBucket fill factor

SAE Standard Approx 11 bucket factor

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 1857

Optimalkan payload

ndash Baik untuk alat muat maupun angkut

Fleet Performance OptimizationFleet Performance Optimization

Maksimalkan efisiensi siklus kerja

Efisiensi interaksi alat muat-angkut

(match factor)

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 1957

Bucket fill factorBucket fill factor

Material yang tertinggal di bucket menjadi pengurang bucket fill factor

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2057

Fleet Performance GuidelinesFleet Performance Guidelines

Kunci tingginya performa fleet

ndash Loading rate maksimum

ndash Kecilnya waktu tunggu DTexcavator

Untuk produksi tinggi bisa

digunakan lsquodouble side loadingrsquo

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2157

Prinsip double side loading DT ngantri

Loading Double Side LoadingLoading Double Side Loading

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2257

Advantages of Double SideAdvantages of Double Side

LoadingLoading

Produktivitas fleet akan lebih tinggi Swing angle kecil cycle time loading

lebih cepat

Waktu tunggu manuver (wait to dump)shovel relatif kecil bahkan hampirtidak ada

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2357

Disadvantage of double sideDisadvantage of double side

loadingloading

Hauling cost lebih mahaldaripada loading cost

Dump truck mengantri lebihrugi daripada shovel nunggu

Double side loading yangmerupakan kelebihan shovel

mulai ditinggalkan

Penggunaan shovel akan

makin berkurang

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2457

Excavator Case StudyExcavator Case Study

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2557

KP = x x(n x ct) + JV1 + JV2 + t1+ t2

983115983120 983101 983120983154983151983140983157983139983156983145983158983145983156983161983107 983101 983120983154983151983140983157983139983156983145983151983150 983152983141983154 983124983154983145983152

983109 983101 983114983151983138 983109983142983142983145983139983145983141983150983139983161

983150 983101 983114983157983149983148983137983144 983120983144983137983155983141

983139983156 983101 983107983161983139983148983141 983124983145983149983141 983116983151983137983140983141983154

983114 983101 983112983137983157983148983145983150983143 983108983145983155983156983137983150983139983141983126983089 983101 983112983137983157983148983145983150983143 983123983152983141983141983140

983126983090 983101 983122983141983156983157983154983150983145983150983143 983123983152983141983141983140

983156983089 983101 983108983157983149983152983145983150983143 983124983145983149983141

983124983090 983101 983117983137983150983157983158983141983154 983124983145983149983141

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2657

DUMP TRUCK PRODUCTIVITY FACTORDUMP TRUCK PRODUCTIVITY FACTOR

BUCKET

CAPACITY

VESSELCONTAINMENT

NUMBER OFPASSES

PAYLOAD

BENCHCONDITION

LOADINGMETHOD

MATERIALCONDITION

PRODUCTIVITY

CYCLE-TIME

LOADINGTIME

SPEED

SPOTTIME

WAITINGTIME

HAULING amp

RETURN TIME

MATCHING

DISTANCE

LOADING TIMEPER-PASS

EXCAVATOR

OPERATOR SKILL

DT OPERATORSKILL

ROADCONDITION

DTCHARACTERISTIC

TRAFFICCONDITION

SPOT AREACONDITION

AVAILABLEPOWER

TIRE

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2757

General Haulage Unit ProductivityGeneral Haulage Unit Productivity

Haulage Cycle Components

Description+ Spot Time (1st Pass Delay)

+ Load Time

+ Haul Time

+ Turn and Dump Time

+ Return Time

+ Wait Delays (Repetitive)

Total Truck Cycle Time

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2857

Spot TimeManouver TimeSpot TimeManouver Time

Manuver di loading area Untuk mempercepat proses perlu

cukup untuk manuver

Rear Dump Trucks 15 ndash 40 seconds

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2957

Load TimeLoad Time

Waktu pemuatan

Mulai lsquobucket dumprsquo pertama sampai lsquobucketdumprsquo terakhir

- - -empty

Sering terganggu untuk pekerjaan lsquogeneralrsquo

ndash Faceslope Development

ndash Floor Clean-Up

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3057

Turn and Dump TimeTurn and Dump Time

Manuver amp dumping di disposal Raise and Descend Time for vessel

jalan dumping area yang buruk

Total Time asympasympasympasymp 100 minute

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3157

Wait Time Queuing TimeWait Time Queuing Time

Antri saat pemuatan Matching factor gt 1

Antri saat dumping umumnya untuk DT yangdumping di hoper atau disposal area sempit

sebagai bagian dari hauling time

Bisa dikurangi dengan perhitungan matchingfactor yang tepat

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3257

Travel TimeTravel Time

Can be loaded travel or empty travel

Either Method Requires Detailed ProfileInformation such as

ndash Distance ndash Grade Resistance

ndash Rolling Resistance

ndash Speed Limits

ndash Curve Locations and Radius Figures

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3357

The sum of

ndash Spot and wait time

ndash Load time

Truck Cycle TimeTruck Cycle Time

ndash All travel time

ndash Turn amp dump time plus all other fixed time

Number of cycles hour equals ndash Define production time per hour

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3457

Haul Truck Performance Optimization

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3557

Critical Operating ParametersCritical Operating Parameters

PayloadPayload Typical Rolling Resistance ValuesTypical Rolling Resistance Values

o ng es s anceo ng es s ance

Construction Methods andConstruction Methods andMaterialsMaterials

Road CharacteristicRoad Characteristic DrainageDrainage

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3657

Typical Rolling Resistance ValuesTypical Rolling Resistance ValuesTire Rolling

Penetration Resistance

Hard smooth stabilized surface roadway withoutpenetration under load maintained watered

0 2

Firm smooth rolling roadway with dirt or light surfacingflexing slightly under load maintained watered

12-1 3

Conditions

Dirt roadway rutted flexing under load little maintenanceno water 1-2 in (25-50 mm) tire penetration 1-2 5

Rutted dirt roadway soft under travel no maintenance nostabilization 4-6 in (100-150 mm) tire penetration

4-6 8

Loose sand or gravel 6+ 10

Soft muddy rutted roadway no maintenance 6-12 10-20

Snow packed - 45

Snow loose - 25

Rolling ResistanceRolling Resistance

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3757

Rolling Resistance 15 - 20

Asphalt Paved Road Well Maintained Unpaved RoadRolling Resistance 25~30 Rolling Resistance 35

Compacted maintained by MotorGrader but still soft on surface

Rolling ResistanceRolling Resistance

Soft not well maintained such asloading area

Rolling Resistance 50

Badly maintained not compacted

Rolling Resistance 80 Rolling Resistance 15~20

Not maintained at all Soft muddyNot for rigid dump trucks

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3857

bull ldquoOpenrdquo dimensionbull CBR 80 or greater crushed

Construction Methods andConstruction Methods and

MaterialsMaterials

bull Layers =lt 8 in (20 cm)bull Subbase 2 ft (06m) widerbull Repeated passes- -tracked

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3957

ndash Maximize Safety Speeds ndash Minimize Tire Wear ndash Minimize Spillage

Curve SuperelevationCurve Superelevation

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4057

Road WidthRoad Width

For mining with various of dump truck size follow the biggest dump truck

Dimensi lebar jalan 35 x lebar Dump Truck

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4157

Curve RadiusCurve Radius

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4257

Drainage ControlDrainage Control

Rapid removal of water

Adequate ditch capacity and incline

Crown appropriate for multiple-laneconstruction

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4357

Dump Truck Case StudyDump Truck Case Study

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4457

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4557

General Ripping InformationGeneral Ripping Information Ripper point Penetration ndash Key to Ripping Feasibility

Ripping Feasibility by Rock Type ndash Sedimentary Rocks ( sandstone shale limestone) ndash Feasible

ndash ndash

Questionable to Not Possible

Favorable Rock Characteristics for Ripping

ndash Stratified (Surface Cracking)

ndash Weathered ndash Laminated (Layered)

ndash Brittle

ndash Fractured

Ripping is More Technique than Science

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4657

Ripping Dozing TechniqueRipping Dozing Technique

Mengetahui arah lapisan kekerasanmaterial

Metode menumpuk material untukumpan excavator

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4757

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4857

Bench Height amp Bucket SizeRelationship

Bench HeightBench Height

1 Material height min 15 bucketheight minimum

2 Gravity Assistance needed

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4957

Wheel Loader Cycle Time FiguresWheel Loader Cycle Time Figures

Loader Type sec 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 40 42 44 46 48 50 52 54 56 58 60 62 64 66WA800

WA900

WA1200

Wheel Loader Application - V Cycle Loading

Digging Conditions Attention

= Easy 1) Cycle times are average figures and for diggable material only 2) Cycle times for standard attachments only

3) Hi-Lift specifications increase cycle times by approximately 2-3 seconds

= Average 4) Due to the many variables present at most job sites the preceding cycle

time figures are for planning purpose only and cannot be guaranteed

in any manner

= Severe

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5057

Wheel Loader ProductivityWheel Loader Productivity

Productivity Components

+ Truck Spot Time (1st Pass Delay)

+ Load Time (field cycle time data or estimates)

ndash Consider normal process delays such asbull Floor Clean-up

bull Face Development

bull Positioning etc

+ Wait for Trucks (if any)

Total Loading Tool Cycle Time per Truck

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5157

Wheel Loader ProductivityWheel Loader Productivity

Productivity Calculation

Production Minutes Hr (Job Efficiency Factor)

bull Operator efficiency amp motivation

bull Work organization

bull Management amp supervision

divide Loading Tool Cycle Time per Truck

Number of Trucks per Hour

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5257

Effects of OverloadingEffects of Overloading

1 Exceeds Rated Capacity

2 Machine Stability

3 Compromises Safety

4 Shortened Component Life

bull Boom Cracking

bull Hydraulic System

bull Tire Wear

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5357

Prinsip Pemuatan OptimalPrinsip Pemuatan Optimal

Waktu tunggu sekecil mungkin

Ideal Number of Passes = 3 ndash 5

(tidak ada frac12 bucket)

Kesesuaian dengan dump truck

ndash Loading Height ndash Reach

ndash Bucket Length

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5457

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5557

Fleet ProductivityFleet Productivity Total produksi material yang bisa tertransport per-

satuan waktu Satuan umum fleet productivity

Ritase alat angkutjam - =

HD785-5 = 42 bcmrit

PC1250 01 PC1250 02 PC2000 01475

630 - 700 Daily Daily Daily

700 - 800 506

800 - 900 330

900 - 1000 572

1000 - 1100 550

1100 - 1200 4181200 - 1300

1300 - 1400 462

1400 - 1500 Hujan Hujan Hujan

1500 - 1600 636

1600 - 1700 572

1700 - 1800 462

1800 - 1830 220Total per shift 4728

Rata2 perjam 4948

ExcavatorTarget BCMhr

Istirahat

Prestasi akhir fleet akan terlihat pada

performa alat angkut

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5657

Matching FactorMatching Factor

MF =Jml Excavator x CT DT

x x v x u

MF gt 1 DT antri

MF lt 1 Excavator nungguCommon practice MF = 09 - 1

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5757

Page 11: 2. Productivity_AED UT.pdf

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 1157

Possibility Hazard when DT OverloadPossibility Hazard when DT Overload

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 1257

KP = KB x BF x 3600 x ECT

983115983120 983101 983120983154983151983140983157983139983156983145983158983145983156983161

983115983106 983101 983106983157983139983147983141983156 983107983137983152983137983139983145983156983161

983106983110 983101 983106983157983139983147983141983156 983110983145983148983148 983110983137983139983156983151983154

983109 983101 983114983151983138 983109983142983142983145983139983145983141983150983139983161

983107983124 983101 983107983161983139983148983141 983124983145983149983141

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 1357

Productivity test for excavator andProductivity test for excavator andwheel loaderwheel loader

By DAA software

- Actual test measure takentime of every motion of themachine to know actual

cycle time productivity fuelconsumption

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 1457

ContohContoh HasilHasil daridari DAA SoftwareDAA Software

General ampSummary Data

gtgtgt

gtgtgt 983120983154983145983149983137983154983161 983124983145983149983141983098 983125983150983145983156 amp

983151983152983141983154983137983156983151983154 983152983141983154983142983151983154983149983137983150983139983141

983123983141983139983151983150983140983137983154983161 983124983145983149983141983098 983117983145983150983141983120983148983137983150983150983145983150983143 amp 983123983157983152983141983154983158983145983155983145983151983150

983120983141983154983142983151983154983149983137983150983139983141

Items to improve

Combine with DT cycle timeto get Matching Factor

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 1557

Data yang bisa diperolehData yang bisa diperoleh

Cycle time per-komponen excavatorwheel loader

Distribusi primary-secondary time

-

Fuel consumption

Estimasi produktivitas

Matching factor alat muat ndash alat angkut

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 1657

FaktorFaktor yangyang mempengaruhimempengaruhiBucket fill factorBucket fill factor

bull Bentuk amp fragmentasi materialbull Angle of reposebull

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 1757

Bucket fill factorBucket fill factor

SAE Standard Approx 11 bucket factor

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 1857

Optimalkan payload

ndash Baik untuk alat muat maupun angkut

Fleet Performance OptimizationFleet Performance Optimization

Maksimalkan efisiensi siklus kerja

Efisiensi interaksi alat muat-angkut

(match factor)

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 1957

Bucket fill factorBucket fill factor

Material yang tertinggal di bucket menjadi pengurang bucket fill factor

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2057

Fleet Performance GuidelinesFleet Performance Guidelines

Kunci tingginya performa fleet

ndash Loading rate maksimum

ndash Kecilnya waktu tunggu DTexcavator

Untuk produksi tinggi bisa

digunakan lsquodouble side loadingrsquo

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2157

Prinsip double side loading DT ngantri

Loading Double Side LoadingLoading Double Side Loading

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2257

Advantages of Double SideAdvantages of Double Side

LoadingLoading

Produktivitas fleet akan lebih tinggi Swing angle kecil cycle time loading

lebih cepat

Waktu tunggu manuver (wait to dump)shovel relatif kecil bahkan hampirtidak ada

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2357

Disadvantage of double sideDisadvantage of double side

loadingloading

Hauling cost lebih mahaldaripada loading cost

Dump truck mengantri lebihrugi daripada shovel nunggu

Double side loading yangmerupakan kelebihan shovel

mulai ditinggalkan

Penggunaan shovel akan

makin berkurang

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2457

Excavator Case StudyExcavator Case Study

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2557

KP = x x(n x ct) + JV1 + JV2 + t1+ t2

983115983120 983101 983120983154983151983140983157983139983156983145983158983145983156983161983107 983101 983120983154983151983140983157983139983156983145983151983150 983152983141983154 983124983154983145983152

983109 983101 983114983151983138 983109983142983142983145983139983145983141983150983139983161

983150 983101 983114983157983149983148983137983144 983120983144983137983155983141

983139983156 983101 983107983161983139983148983141 983124983145983149983141 983116983151983137983140983141983154

983114 983101 983112983137983157983148983145983150983143 983108983145983155983156983137983150983139983141983126983089 983101 983112983137983157983148983145983150983143 983123983152983141983141983140

983126983090 983101 983122983141983156983157983154983150983145983150983143 983123983152983141983141983140

983156983089 983101 983108983157983149983152983145983150983143 983124983145983149983141

983124983090 983101 983117983137983150983157983158983141983154 983124983145983149983141

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2657

DUMP TRUCK PRODUCTIVITY FACTORDUMP TRUCK PRODUCTIVITY FACTOR

BUCKET

CAPACITY

VESSELCONTAINMENT

NUMBER OFPASSES

PAYLOAD

BENCHCONDITION

LOADINGMETHOD

MATERIALCONDITION

PRODUCTIVITY

CYCLE-TIME

LOADINGTIME

SPEED

SPOTTIME

WAITINGTIME

HAULING amp

RETURN TIME

MATCHING

DISTANCE

LOADING TIMEPER-PASS

EXCAVATOR

OPERATOR SKILL

DT OPERATORSKILL

ROADCONDITION

DTCHARACTERISTIC

TRAFFICCONDITION

SPOT AREACONDITION

AVAILABLEPOWER

TIRE

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2757

General Haulage Unit ProductivityGeneral Haulage Unit Productivity

Haulage Cycle Components

Description+ Spot Time (1st Pass Delay)

+ Load Time

+ Haul Time

+ Turn and Dump Time

+ Return Time

+ Wait Delays (Repetitive)

Total Truck Cycle Time

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2857

Spot TimeManouver TimeSpot TimeManouver Time

Manuver di loading area Untuk mempercepat proses perlu

cukup untuk manuver

Rear Dump Trucks 15 ndash 40 seconds

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2957

Load TimeLoad Time

Waktu pemuatan

Mulai lsquobucket dumprsquo pertama sampai lsquobucketdumprsquo terakhir

- - -empty

Sering terganggu untuk pekerjaan lsquogeneralrsquo

ndash Faceslope Development

ndash Floor Clean-Up

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3057

Turn and Dump TimeTurn and Dump Time

Manuver amp dumping di disposal Raise and Descend Time for vessel

jalan dumping area yang buruk

Total Time asympasympasympasymp 100 minute

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3157

Wait Time Queuing TimeWait Time Queuing Time

Antri saat pemuatan Matching factor gt 1

Antri saat dumping umumnya untuk DT yangdumping di hoper atau disposal area sempit

sebagai bagian dari hauling time

Bisa dikurangi dengan perhitungan matchingfactor yang tepat

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3257

Travel TimeTravel Time

Can be loaded travel or empty travel

Either Method Requires Detailed ProfileInformation such as

ndash Distance ndash Grade Resistance

ndash Rolling Resistance

ndash Speed Limits

ndash Curve Locations and Radius Figures

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3357

The sum of

ndash Spot and wait time

ndash Load time

Truck Cycle TimeTruck Cycle Time

ndash All travel time

ndash Turn amp dump time plus all other fixed time

Number of cycles hour equals ndash Define production time per hour

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3457

Haul Truck Performance Optimization

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3557

Critical Operating ParametersCritical Operating Parameters

PayloadPayload Typical Rolling Resistance ValuesTypical Rolling Resistance Values

o ng es s anceo ng es s ance

Construction Methods andConstruction Methods andMaterialsMaterials

Road CharacteristicRoad Characteristic DrainageDrainage

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3657

Typical Rolling Resistance ValuesTypical Rolling Resistance ValuesTire Rolling

Penetration Resistance

Hard smooth stabilized surface roadway withoutpenetration under load maintained watered

0 2

Firm smooth rolling roadway with dirt or light surfacingflexing slightly under load maintained watered

12-1 3

Conditions

Dirt roadway rutted flexing under load little maintenanceno water 1-2 in (25-50 mm) tire penetration 1-2 5

Rutted dirt roadway soft under travel no maintenance nostabilization 4-6 in (100-150 mm) tire penetration

4-6 8

Loose sand or gravel 6+ 10

Soft muddy rutted roadway no maintenance 6-12 10-20

Snow packed - 45

Snow loose - 25

Rolling ResistanceRolling Resistance

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3757

Rolling Resistance 15 - 20

Asphalt Paved Road Well Maintained Unpaved RoadRolling Resistance 25~30 Rolling Resistance 35

Compacted maintained by MotorGrader but still soft on surface

Rolling ResistanceRolling Resistance

Soft not well maintained such asloading area

Rolling Resistance 50

Badly maintained not compacted

Rolling Resistance 80 Rolling Resistance 15~20

Not maintained at all Soft muddyNot for rigid dump trucks

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3857

bull ldquoOpenrdquo dimensionbull CBR 80 or greater crushed

Construction Methods andConstruction Methods and

MaterialsMaterials

bull Layers =lt 8 in (20 cm)bull Subbase 2 ft (06m) widerbull Repeated passes- -tracked

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3957

ndash Maximize Safety Speeds ndash Minimize Tire Wear ndash Minimize Spillage

Curve SuperelevationCurve Superelevation

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4057

Road WidthRoad Width

For mining with various of dump truck size follow the biggest dump truck

Dimensi lebar jalan 35 x lebar Dump Truck

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4157

Curve RadiusCurve Radius

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4257

Drainage ControlDrainage Control

Rapid removal of water

Adequate ditch capacity and incline

Crown appropriate for multiple-laneconstruction

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4357

Dump Truck Case StudyDump Truck Case Study

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4457

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4557

General Ripping InformationGeneral Ripping Information Ripper point Penetration ndash Key to Ripping Feasibility

Ripping Feasibility by Rock Type ndash Sedimentary Rocks ( sandstone shale limestone) ndash Feasible

ndash ndash

Questionable to Not Possible

Favorable Rock Characteristics for Ripping

ndash Stratified (Surface Cracking)

ndash Weathered ndash Laminated (Layered)

ndash Brittle

ndash Fractured

Ripping is More Technique than Science

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4657

Ripping Dozing TechniqueRipping Dozing Technique

Mengetahui arah lapisan kekerasanmaterial

Metode menumpuk material untukumpan excavator

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4757

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4857

Bench Height amp Bucket SizeRelationship

Bench HeightBench Height

1 Material height min 15 bucketheight minimum

2 Gravity Assistance needed

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4957

Wheel Loader Cycle Time FiguresWheel Loader Cycle Time Figures

Loader Type sec 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 40 42 44 46 48 50 52 54 56 58 60 62 64 66WA800

WA900

WA1200

Wheel Loader Application - V Cycle Loading

Digging Conditions Attention

= Easy 1) Cycle times are average figures and for diggable material only 2) Cycle times for standard attachments only

3) Hi-Lift specifications increase cycle times by approximately 2-3 seconds

= Average 4) Due to the many variables present at most job sites the preceding cycle

time figures are for planning purpose only and cannot be guaranteed

in any manner

= Severe

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5057

Wheel Loader ProductivityWheel Loader Productivity

Productivity Components

+ Truck Spot Time (1st Pass Delay)

+ Load Time (field cycle time data or estimates)

ndash Consider normal process delays such asbull Floor Clean-up

bull Face Development

bull Positioning etc

+ Wait for Trucks (if any)

Total Loading Tool Cycle Time per Truck

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5157

Wheel Loader ProductivityWheel Loader Productivity

Productivity Calculation

Production Minutes Hr (Job Efficiency Factor)

bull Operator efficiency amp motivation

bull Work organization

bull Management amp supervision

divide Loading Tool Cycle Time per Truck

Number of Trucks per Hour

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5257

Effects of OverloadingEffects of Overloading

1 Exceeds Rated Capacity

2 Machine Stability

3 Compromises Safety

4 Shortened Component Life

bull Boom Cracking

bull Hydraulic System

bull Tire Wear

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5357

Prinsip Pemuatan OptimalPrinsip Pemuatan Optimal

Waktu tunggu sekecil mungkin

Ideal Number of Passes = 3 ndash 5

(tidak ada frac12 bucket)

Kesesuaian dengan dump truck

ndash Loading Height ndash Reach

ndash Bucket Length

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5457

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5557

Fleet ProductivityFleet Productivity Total produksi material yang bisa tertransport per-

satuan waktu Satuan umum fleet productivity

Ritase alat angkutjam - =

HD785-5 = 42 bcmrit

PC1250 01 PC1250 02 PC2000 01475

630 - 700 Daily Daily Daily

700 - 800 506

800 - 900 330

900 - 1000 572

1000 - 1100 550

1100 - 1200 4181200 - 1300

1300 - 1400 462

1400 - 1500 Hujan Hujan Hujan

1500 - 1600 636

1600 - 1700 572

1700 - 1800 462

1800 - 1830 220Total per shift 4728

Rata2 perjam 4948

ExcavatorTarget BCMhr

Istirahat

Prestasi akhir fleet akan terlihat pada

performa alat angkut

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5657

Matching FactorMatching Factor

MF =Jml Excavator x CT DT

x x v x u

MF gt 1 DT antri

MF lt 1 Excavator nungguCommon practice MF = 09 - 1

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5757

Page 12: 2. Productivity_AED UT.pdf

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

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KP = KB x BF x 3600 x ECT

983115983120 983101 983120983154983151983140983157983139983156983145983158983145983156983161

983115983106 983101 983106983157983139983147983141983156 983107983137983152983137983139983145983156983161

983106983110 983101 983106983157983139983147983141983156 983110983145983148983148 983110983137983139983156983151983154

983109 983101 983114983151983138 983109983142983142983145983139983145983141983150983139983161

983107983124 983101 983107983161983139983148983141 983124983145983149983141

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 1357

Productivity test for excavator andProductivity test for excavator andwheel loaderwheel loader

By DAA software

- Actual test measure takentime of every motion of themachine to know actual

cycle time productivity fuelconsumption

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 1457

ContohContoh HasilHasil daridari DAA SoftwareDAA Software

General ampSummary Data

gtgtgt

gtgtgt 983120983154983145983149983137983154983161 983124983145983149983141983098 983125983150983145983156 amp

983151983152983141983154983137983156983151983154 983152983141983154983142983151983154983149983137983150983139983141

983123983141983139983151983150983140983137983154983161 983124983145983149983141983098 983117983145983150983141983120983148983137983150983150983145983150983143 amp 983123983157983152983141983154983158983145983155983145983151983150

983120983141983154983142983151983154983149983137983150983139983141

Items to improve

Combine with DT cycle timeto get Matching Factor

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 1557

Data yang bisa diperolehData yang bisa diperoleh

Cycle time per-komponen excavatorwheel loader

Distribusi primary-secondary time

-

Fuel consumption

Estimasi produktivitas

Matching factor alat muat ndash alat angkut

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 1657

FaktorFaktor yangyang mempengaruhimempengaruhiBucket fill factorBucket fill factor

bull Bentuk amp fragmentasi materialbull Angle of reposebull

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 1757

Bucket fill factorBucket fill factor

SAE Standard Approx 11 bucket factor

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 1857

Optimalkan payload

ndash Baik untuk alat muat maupun angkut

Fleet Performance OptimizationFleet Performance Optimization

Maksimalkan efisiensi siklus kerja

Efisiensi interaksi alat muat-angkut

(match factor)

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 1957

Bucket fill factorBucket fill factor

Material yang tertinggal di bucket menjadi pengurang bucket fill factor

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2057

Fleet Performance GuidelinesFleet Performance Guidelines

Kunci tingginya performa fleet

ndash Loading rate maksimum

ndash Kecilnya waktu tunggu DTexcavator

Untuk produksi tinggi bisa

digunakan lsquodouble side loadingrsquo

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2157

Prinsip double side loading DT ngantri

Loading Double Side LoadingLoading Double Side Loading

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2257

Advantages of Double SideAdvantages of Double Side

LoadingLoading

Produktivitas fleet akan lebih tinggi Swing angle kecil cycle time loading

lebih cepat

Waktu tunggu manuver (wait to dump)shovel relatif kecil bahkan hampirtidak ada

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2357

Disadvantage of double sideDisadvantage of double side

loadingloading

Hauling cost lebih mahaldaripada loading cost

Dump truck mengantri lebihrugi daripada shovel nunggu

Double side loading yangmerupakan kelebihan shovel

mulai ditinggalkan

Penggunaan shovel akan

makin berkurang

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2457

Excavator Case StudyExcavator Case Study

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2557

KP = x x(n x ct) + JV1 + JV2 + t1+ t2

983115983120 983101 983120983154983151983140983157983139983156983145983158983145983156983161983107 983101 983120983154983151983140983157983139983156983145983151983150 983152983141983154 983124983154983145983152

983109 983101 983114983151983138 983109983142983142983145983139983145983141983150983139983161

983150 983101 983114983157983149983148983137983144 983120983144983137983155983141

983139983156 983101 983107983161983139983148983141 983124983145983149983141 983116983151983137983140983141983154

983114 983101 983112983137983157983148983145983150983143 983108983145983155983156983137983150983139983141983126983089 983101 983112983137983157983148983145983150983143 983123983152983141983141983140

983126983090 983101 983122983141983156983157983154983150983145983150983143 983123983152983141983141983140

983156983089 983101 983108983157983149983152983145983150983143 983124983145983149983141

983124983090 983101 983117983137983150983157983158983141983154 983124983145983149983141

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2657

DUMP TRUCK PRODUCTIVITY FACTORDUMP TRUCK PRODUCTIVITY FACTOR

BUCKET

CAPACITY

VESSELCONTAINMENT

NUMBER OFPASSES

PAYLOAD

BENCHCONDITION

LOADINGMETHOD

MATERIALCONDITION

PRODUCTIVITY

CYCLE-TIME

LOADINGTIME

SPEED

SPOTTIME

WAITINGTIME

HAULING amp

RETURN TIME

MATCHING

DISTANCE

LOADING TIMEPER-PASS

EXCAVATOR

OPERATOR SKILL

DT OPERATORSKILL

ROADCONDITION

DTCHARACTERISTIC

TRAFFICCONDITION

SPOT AREACONDITION

AVAILABLEPOWER

TIRE

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2757

General Haulage Unit ProductivityGeneral Haulage Unit Productivity

Haulage Cycle Components

Description+ Spot Time (1st Pass Delay)

+ Load Time

+ Haul Time

+ Turn and Dump Time

+ Return Time

+ Wait Delays (Repetitive)

Total Truck Cycle Time

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2857

Spot TimeManouver TimeSpot TimeManouver Time

Manuver di loading area Untuk mempercepat proses perlu

cukup untuk manuver

Rear Dump Trucks 15 ndash 40 seconds

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2957

Load TimeLoad Time

Waktu pemuatan

Mulai lsquobucket dumprsquo pertama sampai lsquobucketdumprsquo terakhir

- - -empty

Sering terganggu untuk pekerjaan lsquogeneralrsquo

ndash Faceslope Development

ndash Floor Clean-Up

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3057

Turn and Dump TimeTurn and Dump Time

Manuver amp dumping di disposal Raise and Descend Time for vessel

jalan dumping area yang buruk

Total Time asympasympasympasymp 100 minute

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3157

Wait Time Queuing TimeWait Time Queuing Time

Antri saat pemuatan Matching factor gt 1

Antri saat dumping umumnya untuk DT yangdumping di hoper atau disposal area sempit

sebagai bagian dari hauling time

Bisa dikurangi dengan perhitungan matchingfactor yang tepat

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3257

Travel TimeTravel Time

Can be loaded travel or empty travel

Either Method Requires Detailed ProfileInformation such as

ndash Distance ndash Grade Resistance

ndash Rolling Resistance

ndash Speed Limits

ndash Curve Locations and Radius Figures

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3357

The sum of

ndash Spot and wait time

ndash Load time

Truck Cycle TimeTruck Cycle Time

ndash All travel time

ndash Turn amp dump time plus all other fixed time

Number of cycles hour equals ndash Define production time per hour

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3457

Haul Truck Performance Optimization

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3557

Critical Operating ParametersCritical Operating Parameters

PayloadPayload Typical Rolling Resistance ValuesTypical Rolling Resistance Values

o ng es s anceo ng es s ance

Construction Methods andConstruction Methods andMaterialsMaterials

Road CharacteristicRoad Characteristic DrainageDrainage

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3657

Typical Rolling Resistance ValuesTypical Rolling Resistance ValuesTire Rolling

Penetration Resistance

Hard smooth stabilized surface roadway withoutpenetration under load maintained watered

0 2

Firm smooth rolling roadway with dirt or light surfacingflexing slightly under load maintained watered

12-1 3

Conditions

Dirt roadway rutted flexing under load little maintenanceno water 1-2 in (25-50 mm) tire penetration 1-2 5

Rutted dirt roadway soft under travel no maintenance nostabilization 4-6 in (100-150 mm) tire penetration

4-6 8

Loose sand or gravel 6+ 10

Soft muddy rutted roadway no maintenance 6-12 10-20

Snow packed - 45

Snow loose - 25

Rolling ResistanceRolling Resistance

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3757

Rolling Resistance 15 - 20

Asphalt Paved Road Well Maintained Unpaved RoadRolling Resistance 25~30 Rolling Resistance 35

Compacted maintained by MotorGrader but still soft on surface

Rolling ResistanceRolling Resistance

Soft not well maintained such asloading area

Rolling Resistance 50

Badly maintained not compacted

Rolling Resistance 80 Rolling Resistance 15~20

Not maintained at all Soft muddyNot for rigid dump trucks

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3857

bull ldquoOpenrdquo dimensionbull CBR 80 or greater crushed

Construction Methods andConstruction Methods and

MaterialsMaterials

bull Layers =lt 8 in (20 cm)bull Subbase 2 ft (06m) widerbull Repeated passes- -tracked

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3957

ndash Maximize Safety Speeds ndash Minimize Tire Wear ndash Minimize Spillage

Curve SuperelevationCurve Superelevation

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4057

Road WidthRoad Width

For mining with various of dump truck size follow the biggest dump truck

Dimensi lebar jalan 35 x lebar Dump Truck

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

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Curve RadiusCurve Radius

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

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Drainage ControlDrainage Control

Rapid removal of water

Adequate ditch capacity and incline

Crown appropriate for multiple-laneconstruction

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4357

Dump Truck Case StudyDump Truck Case Study

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4457

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

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General Ripping InformationGeneral Ripping Information Ripper point Penetration ndash Key to Ripping Feasibility

Ripping Feasibility by Rock Type ndash Sedimentary Rocks ( sandstone shale limestone) ndash Feasible

ndash ndash

Questionable to Not Possible

Favorable Rock Characteristics for Ripping

ndash Stratified (Surface Cracking)

ndash Weathered ndash Laminated (Layered)

ndash Brittle

ndash Fractured

Ripping is More Technique than Science

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4657

Ripping Dozing TechniqueRipping Dozing Technique

Mengetahui arah lapisan kekerasanmaterial

Metode menumpuk material untukumpan excavator

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4757

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

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Bench Height amp Bucket SizeRelationship

Bench HeightBench Height

1 Material height min 15 bucketheight minimum

2 Gravity Assistance needed

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4957

Wheel Loader Cycle Time FiguresWheel Loader Cycle Time Figures

Loader Type sec 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 40 42 44 46 48 50 52 54 56 58 60 62 64 66WA800

WA900

WA1200

Wheel Loader Application - V Cycle Loading

Digging Conditions Attention

= Easy 1) Cycle times are average figures and for diggable material only 2) Cycle times for standard attachments only

3) Hi-Lift specifications increase cycle times by approximately 2-3 seconds

= Average 4) Due to the many variables present at most job sites the preceding cycle

time figures are for planning purpose only and cannot be guaranteed

in any manner

= Severe

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5057

Wheel Loader ProductivityWheel Loader Productivity

Productivity Components

+ Truck Spot Time (1st Pass Delay)

+ Load Time (field cycle time data or estimates)

ndash Consider normal process delays such asbull Floor Clean-up

bull Face Development

bull Positioning etc

+ Wait for Trucks (if any)

Total Loading Tool Cycle Time per Truck

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5157

Wheel Loader ProductivityWheel Loader Productivity

Productivity Calculation

Production Minutes Hr (Job Efficiency Factor)

bull Operator efficiency amp motivation

bull Work organization

bull Management amp supervision

divide Loading Tool Cycle Time per Truck

Number of Trucks per Hour

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5257

Effects of OverloadingEffects of Overloading

1 Exceeds Rated Capacity

2 Machine Stability

3 Compromises Safety

4 Shortened Component Life

bull Boom Cracking

bull Hydraulic System

bull Tire Wear

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5357

Prinsip Pemuatan OptimalPrinsip Pemuatan Optimal

Waktu tunggu sekecil mungkin

Ideal Number of Passes = 3 ndash 5

(tidak ada frac12 bucket)

Kesesuaian dengan dump truck

ndash Loading Height ndash Reach

ndash Bucket Length

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5457

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5557

Fleet ProductivityFleet Productivity Total produksi material yang bisa tertransport per-

satuan waktu Satuan umum fleet productivity

Ritase alat angkutjam - =

HD785-5 = 42 bcmrit

PC1250 01 PC1250 02 PC2000 01475

630 - 700 Daily Daily Daily

700 - 800 506

800 - 900 330

900 - 1000 572

1000 - 1100 550

1100 - 1200 4181200 - 1300

1300 - 1400 462

1400 - 1500 Hujan Hujan Hujan

1500 - 1600 636

1600 - 1700 572

1700 - 1800 462

1800 - 1830 220Total per shift 4728

Rata2 perjam 4948

ExcavatorTarget BCMhr

Istirahat

Prestasi akhir fleet akan terlihat pada

performa alat angkut

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5657

Matching FactorMatching Factor

MF =Jml Excavator x CT DT

x x v x u

MF gt 1 DT antri

MF lt 1 Excavator nungguCommon practice MF = 09 - 1

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Page 13: 2. Productivity_AED UT.pdf

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 1357

Productivity test for excavator andProductivity test for excavator andwheel loaderwheel loader

By DAA software

- Actual test measure takentime of every motion of themachine to know actual

cycle time productivity fuelconsumption

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 1457

ContohContoh HasilHasil daridari DAA SoftwareDAA Software

General ampSummary Data

gtgtgt

gtgtgt 983120983154983145983149983137983154983161 983124983145983149983141983098 983125983150983145983156 amp

983151983152983141983154983137983156983151983154 983152983141983154983142983151983154983149983137983150983139983141

983123983141983139983151983150983140983137983154983161 983124983145983149983141983098 983117983145983150983141983120983148983137983150983150983145983150983143 amp 983123983157983152983141983154983158983145983155983145983151983150

983120983141983154983142983151983154983149983137983150983139983141

Items to improve

Combine with DT cycle timeto get Matching Factor

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 1557

Data yang bisa diperolehData yang bisa diperoleh

Cycle time per-komponen excavatorwheel loader

Distribusi primary-secondary time

-

Fuel consumption

Estimasi produktivitas

Matching factor alat muat ndash alat angkut

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 1657

FaktorFaktor yangyang mempengaruhimempengaruhiBucket fill factorBucket fill factor

bull Bentuk amp fragmentasi materialbull Angle of reposebull

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 1757

Bucket fill factorBucket fill factor

SAE Standard Approx 11 bucket factor

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 1857

Optimalkan payload

ndash Baik untuk alat muat maupun angkut

Fleet Performance OptimizationFleet Performance Optimization

Maksimalkan efisiensi siklus kerja

Efisiensi interaksi alat muat-angkut

(match factor)

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 1957

Bucket fill factorBucket fill factor

Material yang tertinggal di bucket menjadi pengurang bucket fill factor

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2057

Fleet Performance GuidelinesFleet Performance Guidelines

Kunci tingginya performa fleet

ndash Loading rate maksimum

ndash Kecilnya waktu tunggu DTexcavator

Untuk produksi tinggi bisa

digunakan lsquodouble side loadingrsquo

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2157

Prinsip double side loading DT ngantri

Loading Double Side LoadingLoading Double Side Loading

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2257

Advantages of Double SideAdvantages of Double Side

LoadingLoading

Produktivitas fleet akan lebih tinggi Swing angle kecil cycle time loading

lebih cepat

Waktu tunggu manuver (wait to dump)shovel relatif kecil bahkan hampirtidak ada

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2357

Disadvantage of double sideDisadvantage of double side

loadingloading

Hauling cost lebih mahaldaripada loading cost

Dump truck mengantri lebihrugi daripada shovel nunggu

Double side loading yangmerupakan kelebihan shovel

mulai ditinggalkan

Penggunaan shovel akan

makin berkurang

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2457

Excavator Case StudyExcavator Case Study

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2557

KP = x x(n x ct) + JV1 + JV2 + t1+ t2

983115983120 983101 983120983154983151983140983157983139983156983145983158983145983156983161983107 983101 983120983154983151983140983157983139983156983145983151983150 983152983141983154 983124983154983145983152

983109 983101 983114983151983138 983109983142983142983145983139983145983141983150983139983161

983150 983101 983114983157983149983148983137983144 983120983144983137983155983141

983139983156 983101 983107983161983139983148983141 983124983145983149983141 983116983151983137983140983141983154

983114 983101 983112983137983157983148983145983150983143 983108983145983155983156983137983150983139983141983126983089 983101 983112983137983157983148983145983150983143 983123983152983141983141983140

983126983090 983101 983122983141983156983157983154983150983145983150983143 983123983152983141983141983140

983156983089 983101 983108983157983149983152983145983150983143 983124983145983149983141

983124983090 983101 983117983137983150983157983158983141983154 983124983145983149983141

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2657

DUMP TRUCK PRODUCTIVITY FACTORDUMP TRUCK PRODUCTIVITY FACTOR

BUCKET

CAPACITY

VESSELCONTAINMENT

NUMBER OFPASSES

PAYLOAD

BENCHCONDITION

LOADINGMETHOD

MATERIALCONDITION

PRODUCTIVITY

CYCLE-TIME

LOADINGTIME

SPEED

SPOTTIME

WAITINGTIME

HAULING amp

RETURN TIME

MATCHING

DISTANCE

LOADING TIMEPER-PASS

EXCAVATOR

OPERATOR SKILL

DT OPERATORSKILL

ROADCONDITION

DTCHARACTERISTIC

TRAFFICCONDITION

SPOT AREACONDITION

AVAILABLEPOWER

TIRE

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2757

General Haulage Unit ProductivityGeneral Haulage Unit Productivity

Haulage Cycle Components

Description+ Spot Time (1st Pass Delay)

+ Load Time

+ Haul Time

+ Turn and Dump Time

+ Return Time

+ Wait Delays (Repetitive)

Total Truck Cycle Time

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2857

Spot TimeManouver TimeSpot TimeManouver Time

Manuver di loading area Untuk mempercepat proses perlu

cukup untuk manuver

Rear Dump Trucks 15 ndash 40 seconds

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2957

Load TimeLoad Time

Waktu pemuatan

Mulai lsquobucket dumprsquo pertama sampai lsquobucketdumprsquo terakhir

- - -empty

Sering terganggu untuk pekerjaan lsquogeneralrsquo

ndash Faceslope Development

ndash Floor Clean-Up

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3057

Turn and Dump TimeTurn and Dump Time

Manuver amp dumping di disposal Raise and Descend Time for vessel

jalan dumping area yang buruk

Total Time asympasympasympasymp 100 minute

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3157

Wait Time Queuing TimeWait Time Queuing Time

Antri saat pemuatan Matching factor gt 1

Antri saat dumping umumnya untuk DT yangdumping di hoper atau disposal area sempit

sebagai bagian dari hauling time

Bisa dikurangi dengan perhitungan matchingfactor yang tepat

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3257

Travel TimeTravel Time

Can be loaded travel or empty travel

Either Method Requires Detailed ProfileInformation such as

ndash Distance ndash Grade Resistance

ndash Rolling Resistance

ndash Speed Limits

ndash Curve Locations and Radius Figures

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3357

The sum of

ndash Spot and wait time

ndash Load time

Truck Cycle TimeTruck Cycle Time

ndash All travel time

ndash Turn amp dump time plus all other fixed time

Number of cycles hour equals ndash Define production time per hour

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3457

Haul Truck Performance Optimization

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3557

Critical Operating ParametersCritical Operating Parameters

PayloadPayload Typical Rolling Resistance ValuesTypical Rolling Resistance Values

o ng es s anceo ng es s ance

Construction Methods andConstruction Methods andMaterialsMaterials

Road CharacteristicRoad Characteristic DrainageDrainage

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3657

Typical Rolling Resistance ValuesTypical Rolling Resistance ValuesTire Rolling

Penetration Resistance

Hard smooth stabilized surface roadway withoutpenetration under load maintained watered

0 2

Firm smooth rolling roadway with dirt or light surfacingflexing slightly under load maintained watered

12-1 3

Conditions

Dirt roadway rutted flexing under load little maintenanceno water 1-2 in (25-50 mm) tire penetration 1-2 5

Rutted dirt roadway soft under travel no maintenance nostabilization 4-6 in (100-150 mm) tire penetration

4-6 8

Loose sand or gravel 6+ 10

Soft muddy rutted roadway no maintenance 6-12 10-20

Snow packed - 45

Snow loose - 25

Rolling ResistanceRolling Resistance

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3757

Rolling Resistance 15 - 20

Asphalt Paved Road Well Maintained Unpaved RoadRolling Resistance 25~30 Rolling Resistance 35

Compacted maintained by MotorGrader but still soft on surface

Rolling ResistanceRolling Resistance

Soft not well maintained such asloading area

Rolling Resistance 50

Badly maintained not compacted

Rolling Resistance 80 Rolling Resistance 15~20

Not maintained at all Soft muddyNot for rigid dump trucks

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3857

bull ldquoOpenrdquo dimensionbull CBR 80 or greater crushed

Construction Methods andConstruction Methods and

MaterialsMaterials

bull Layers =lt 8 in (20 cm)bull Subbase 2 ft (06m) widerbull Repeated passes- -tracked

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3957

ndash Maximize Safety Speeds ndash Minimize Tire Wear ndash Minimize Spillage

Curve SuperelevationCurve Superelevation

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4057

Road WidthRoad Width

For mining with various of dump truck size follow the biggest dump truck

Dimensi lebar jalan 35 x lebar Dump Truck

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4157

Curve RadiusCurve Radius

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4257

Drainage ControlDrainage Control

Rapid removal of water

Adequate ditch capacity and incline

Crown appropriate for multiple-laneconstruction

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4357

Dump Truck Case StudyDump Truck Case Study

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4457

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4557

General Ripping InformationGeneral Ripping Information Ripper point Penetration ndash Key to Ripping Feasibility

Ripping Feasibility by Rock Type ndash Sedimentary Rocks ( sandstone shale limestone) ndash Feasible

ndash ndash

Questionable to Not Possible

Favorable Rock Characteristics for Ripping

ndash Stratified (Surface Cracking)

ndash Weathered ndash Laminated (Layered)

ndash Brittle

ndash Fractured

Ripping is More Technique than Science

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4657

Ripping Dozing TechniqueRipping Dozing Technique

Mengetahui arah lapisan kekerasanmaterial

Metode menumpuk material untukumpan excavator

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4757

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4857

Bench Height amp Bucket SizeRelationship

Bench HeightBench Height

1 Material height min 15 bucketheight minimum

2 Gravity Assistance needed

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4957

Wheel Loader Cycle Time FiguresWheel Loader Cycle Time Figures

Loader Type sec 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 40 42 44 46 48 50 52 54 56 58 60 62 64 66WA800

WA900

WA1200

Wheel Loader Application - V Cycle Loading

Digging Conditions Attention

= Easy 1) Cycle times are average figures and for diggable material only 2) Cycle times for standard attachments only

3) Hi-Lift specifications increase cycle times by approximately 2-3 seconds

= Average 4) Due to the many variables present at most job sites the preceding cycle

time figures are for planning purpose only and cannot be guaranteed

in any manner

= Severe

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5057

Wheel Loader ProductivityWheel Loader Productivity

Productivity Components

+ Truck Spot Time (1st Pass Delay)

+ Load Time (field cycle time data or estimates)

ndash Consider normal process delays such asbull Floor Clean-up

bull Face Development

bull Positioning etc

+ Wait for Trucks (if any)

Total Loading Tool Cycle Time per Truck

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5157

Wheel Loader ProductivityWheel Loader Productivity

Productivity Calculation

Production Minutes Hr (Job Efficiency Factor)

bull Operator efficiency amp motivation

bull Work organization

bull Management amp supervision

divide Loading Tool Cycle Time per Truck

Number of Trucks per Hour

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5257

Effects of OverloadingEffects of Overloading

1 Exceeds Rated Capacity

2 Machine Stability

3 Compromises Safety

4 Shortened Component Life

bull Boom Cracking

bull Hydraulic System

bull Tire Wear

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5357

Prinsip Pemuatan OptimalPrinsip Pemuatan Optimal

Waktu tunggu sekecil mungkin

Ideal Number of Passes = 3 ndash 5

(tidak ada frac12 bucket)

Kesesuaian dengan dump truck

ndash Loading Height ndash Reach

ndash Bucket Length

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5457

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5557

Fleet ProductivityFleet Productivity Total produksi material yang bisa tertransport per-

satuan waktu Satuan umum fleet productivity

Ritase alat angkutjam - =

HD785-5 = 42 bcmrit

PC1250 01 PC1250 02 PC2000 01475

630 - 700 Daily Daily Daily

700 - 800 506

800 - 900 330

900 - 1000 572

1000 - 1100 550

1100 - 1200 4181200 - 1300

1300 - 1400 462

1400 - 1500 Hujan Hujan Hujan

1500 - 1600 636

1600 - 1700 572

1700 - 1800 462

1800 - 1830 220Total per shift 4728

Rata2 perjam 4948

ExcavatorTarget BCMhr

Istirahat

Prestasi akhir fleet akan terlihat pada

performa alat angkut

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5657

Matching FactorMatching Factor

MF =Jml Excavator x CT DT

x x v x u

MF gt 1 DT antri

MF lt 1 Excavator nungguCommon practice MF = 09 - 1

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5757

Page 14: 2. Productivity_AED UT.pdf

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 1457

ContohContoh HasilHasil daridari DAA SoftwareDAA Software

General ampSummary Data

gtgtgt

gtgtgt 983120983154983145983149983137983154983161 983124983145983149983141983098 983125983150983145983156 amp

983151983152983141983154983137983156983151983154 983152983141983154983142983151983154983149983137983150983139983141

983123983141983139983151983150983140983137983154983161 983124983145983149983141983098 983117983145983150983141983120983148983137983150983150983145983150983143 amp 983123983157983152983141983154983158983145983155983145983151983150

983120983141983154983142983151983154983149983137983150983139983141

Items to improve

Combine with DT cycle timeto get Matching Factor

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 1557

Data yang bisa diperolehData yang bisa diperoleh

Cycle time per-komponen excavatorwheel loader

Distribusi primary-secondary time

-

Fuel consumption

Estimasi produktivitas

Matching factor alat muat ndash alat angkut

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 1657

FaktorFaktor yangyang mempengaruhimempengaruhiBucket fill factorBucket fill factor

bull Bentuk amp fragmentasi materialbull Angle of reposebull

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 1757

Bucket fill factorBucket fill factor

SAE Standard Approx 11 bucket factor

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 1857

Optimalkan payload

ndash Baik untuk alat muat maupun angkut

Fleet Performance OptimizationFleet Performance Optimization

Maksimalkan efisiensi siklus kerja

Efisiensi interaksi alat muat-angkut

(match factor)

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 1957

Bucket fill factorBucket fill factor

Material yang tertinggal di bucket menjadi pengurang bucket fill factor

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2057

Fleet Performance GuidelinesFleet Performance Guidelines

Kunci tingginya performa fleet

ndash Loading rate maksimum

ndash Kecilnya waktu tunggu DTexcavator

Untuk produksi tinggi bisa

digunakan lsquodouble side loadingrsquo

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2157

Prinsip double side loading DT ngantri

Loading Double Side LoadingLoading Double Side Loading

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2257

Advantages of Double SideAdvantages of Double Side

LoadingLoading

Produktivitas fleet akan lebih tinggi Swing angle kecil cycle time loading

lebih cepat

Waktu tunggu manuver (wait to dump)shovel relatif kecil bahkan hampirtidak ada

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2357

Disadvantage of double sideDisadvantage of double side

loadingloading

Hauling cost lebih mahaldaripada loading cost

Dump truck mengantri lebihrugi daripada shovel nunggu

Double side loading yangmerupakan kelebihan shovel

mulai ditinggalkan

Penggunaan shovel akan

makin berkurang

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2457

Excavator Case StudyExcavator Case Study

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2557

KP = x x(n x ct) + JV1 + JV2 + t1+ t2

983115983120 983101 983120983154983151983140983157983139983156983145983158983145983156983161983107 983101 983120983154983151983140983157983139983156983145983151983150 983152983141983154 983124983154983145983152

983109 983101 983114983151983138 983109983142983142983145983139983145983141983150983139983161

983150 983101 983114983157983149983148983137983144 983120983144983137983155983141

983139983156 983101 983107983161983139983148983141 983124983145983149983141 983116983151983137983140983141983154

983114 983101 983112983137983157983148983145983150983143 983108983145983155983156983137983150983139983141983126983089 983101 983112983137983157983148983145983150983143 983123983152983141983141983140

983126983090 983101 983122983141983156983157983154983150983145983150983143 983123983152983141983141983140

983156983089 983101 983108983157983149983152983145983150983143 983124983145983149983141

983124983090 983101 983117983137983150983157983158983141983154 983124983145983149983141

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2657

DUMP TRUCK PRODUCTIVITY FACTORDUMP TRUCK PRODUCTIVITY FACTOR

BUCKET

CAPACITY

VESSELCONTAINMENT

NUMBER OFPASSES

PAYLOAD

BENCHCONDITION

LOADINGMETHOD

MATERIALCONDITION

PRODUCTIVITY

CYCLE-TIME

LOADINGTIME

SPEED

SPOTTIME

WAITINGTIME

HAULING amp

RETURN TIME

MATCHING

DISTANCE

LOADING TIMEPER-PASS

EXCAVATOR

OPERATOR SKILL

DT OPERATORSKILL

ROADCONDITION

DTCHARACTERISTIC

TRAFFICCONDITION

SPOT AREACONDITION

AVAILABLEPOWER

TIRE

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2757

General Haulage Unit ProductivityGeneral Haulage Unit Productivity

Haulage Cycle Components

Description+ Spot Time (1st Pass Delay)

+ Load Time

+ Haul Time

+ Turn and Dump Time

+ Return Time

+ Wait Delays (Repetitive)

Total Truck Cycle Time

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2857

Spot TimeManouver TimeSpot TimeManouver Time

Manuver di loading area Untuk mempercepat proses perlu

cukup untuk manuver

Rear Dump Trucks 15 ndash 40 seconds

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2957

Load TimeLoad Time

Waktu pemuatan

Mulai lsquobucket dumprsquo pertama sampai lsquobucketdumprsquo terakhir

- - -empty

Sering terganggu untuk pekerjaan lsquogeneralrsquo

ndash Faceslope Development

ndash Floor Clean-Up

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3057

Turn and Dump TimeTurn and Dump Time

Manuver amp dumping di disposal Raise and Descend Time for vessel

jalan dumping area yang buruk

Total Time asympasympasympasymp 100 minute

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3157

Wait Time Queuing TimeWait Time Queuing Time

Antri saat pemuatan Matching factor gt 1

Antri saat dumping umumnya untuk DT yangdumping di hoper atau disposal area sempit

sebagai bagian dari hauling time

Bisa dikurangi dengan perhitungan matchingfactor yang tepat

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3257

Travel TimeTravel Time

Can be loaded travel or empty travel

Either Method Requires Detailed ProfileInformation such as

ndash Distance ndash Grade Resistance

ndash Rolling Resistance

ndash Speed Limits

ndash Curve Locations and Radius Figures

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3357

The sum of

ndash Spot and wait time

ndash Load time

Truck Cycle TimeTruck Cycle Time

ndash All travel time

ndash Turn amp dump time plus all other fixed time

Number of cycles hour equals ndash Define production time per hour

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3457

Haul Truck Performance Optimization

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3557

Critical Operating ParametersCritical Operating Parameters

PayloadPayload Typical Rolling Resistance ValuesTypical Rolling Resistance Values

o ng es s anceo ng es s ance

Construction Methods andConstruction Methods andMaterialsMaterials

Road CharacteristicRoad Characteristic DrainageDrainage

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3657

Typical Rolling Resistance ValuesTypical Rolling Resistance ValuesTire Rolling

Penetration Resistance

Hard smooth stabilized surface roadway withoutpenetration under load maintained watered

0 2

Firm smooth rolling roadway with dirt or light surfacingflexing slightly under load maintained watered

12-1 3

Conditions

Dirt roadway rutted flexing under load little maintenanceno water 1-2 in (25-50 mm) tire penetration 1-2 5

Rutted dirt roadway soft under travel no maintenance nostabilization 4-6 in (100-150 mm) tire penetration

4-6 8

Loose sand or gravel 6+ 10

Soft muddy rutted roadway no maintenance 6-12 10-20

Snow packed - 45

Snow loose - 25

Rolling ResistanceRolling Resistance

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3757

Rolling Resistance 15 - 20

Asphalt Paved Road Well Maintained Unpaved RoadRolling Resistance 25~30 Rolling Resistance 35

Compacted maintained by MotorGrader but still soft on surface

Rolling ResistanceRolling Resistance

Soft not well maintained such asloading area

Rolling Resistance 50

Badly maintained not compacted

Rolling Resistance 80 Rolling Resistance 15~20

Not maintained at all Soft muddyNot for rigid dump trucks

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3857

bull ldquoOpenrdquo dimensionbull CBR 80 or greater crushed

Construction Methods andConstruction Methods and

MaterialsMaterials

bull Layers =lt 8 in (20 cm)bull Subbase 2 ft (06m) widerbull Repeated passes- -tracked

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3957

ndash Maximize Safety Speeds ndash Minimize Tire Wear ndash Minimize Spillage

Curve SuperelevationCurve Superelevation

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4057

Road WidthRoad Width

For mining with various of dump truck size follow the biggest dump truck

Dimensi lebar jalan 35 x lebar Dump Truck

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4157

Curve RadiusCurve Radius

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4257

Drainage ControlDrainage Control

Rapid removal of water

Adequate ditch capacity and incline

Crown appropriate for multiple-laneconstruction

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4357

Dump Truck Case StudyDump Truck Case Study

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4457

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4557

General Ripping InformationGeneral Ripping Information Ripper point Penetration ndash Key to Ripping Feasibility

Ripping Feasibility by Rock Type ndash Sedimentary Rocks ( sandstone shale limestone) ndash Feasible

ndash ndash

Questionable to Not Possible

Favorable Rock Characteristics for Ripping

ndash Stratified (Surface Cracking)

ndash Weathered ndash Laminated (Layered)

ndash Brittle

ndash Fractured

Ripping is More Technique than Science

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4657

Ripping Dozing TechniqueRipping Dozing Technique

Mengetahui arah lapisan kekerasanmaterial

Metode menumpuk material untukumpan excavator

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4757

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4857

Bench Height amp Bucket SizeRelationship

Bench HeightBench Height

1 Material height min 15 bucketheight minimum

2 Gravity Assistance needed

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4957

Wheel Loader Cycle Time FiguresWheel Loader Cycle Time Figures

Loader Type sec 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 40 42 44 46 48 50 52 54 56 58 60 62 64 66WA800

WA900

WA1200

Wheel Loader Application - V Cycle Loading

Digging Conditions Attention

= Easy 1) Cycle times are average figures and for diggable material only 2) Cycle times for standard attachments only

3) Hi-Lift specifications increase cycle times by approximately 2-3 seconds

= Average 4) Due to the many variables present at most job sites the preceding cycle

time figures are for planning purpose only and cannot be guaranteed

in any manner

= Severe

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5057

Wheel Loader ProductivityWheel Loader Productivity

Productivity Components

+ Truck Spot Time (1st Pass Delay)

+ Load Time (field cycle time data or estimates)

ndash Consider normal process delays such asbull Floor Clean-up

bull Face Development

bull Positioning etc

+ Wait for Trucks (if any)

Total Loading Tool Cycle Time per Truck

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5157

Wheel Loader ProductivityWheel Loader Productivity

Productivity Calculation

Production Minutes Hr (Job Efficiency Factor)

bull Operator efficiency amp motivation

bull Work organization

bull Management amp supervision

divide Loading Tool Cycle Time per Truck

Number of Trucks per Hour

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5257

Effects of OverloadingEffects of Overloading

1 Exceeds Rated Capacity

2 Machine Stability

3 Compromises Safety

4 Shortened Component Life

bull Boom Cracking

bull Hydraulic System

bull Tire Wear

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5357

Prinsip Pemuatan OptimalPrinsip Pemuatan Optimal

Waktu tunggu sekecil mungkin

Ideal Number of Passes = 3 ndash 5

(tidak ada frac12 bucket)

Kesesuaian dengan dump truck

ndash Loading Height ndash Reach

ndash Bucket Length

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5457

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5557

Fleet ProductivityFleet Productivity Total produksi material yang bisa tertransport per-

satuan waktu Satuan umum fleet productivity

Ritase alat angkutjam - =

HD785-5 = 42 bcmrit

PC1250 01 PC1250 02 PC2000 01475

630 - 700 Daily Daily Daily

700 - 800 506

800 - 900 330

900 - 1000 572

1000 - 1100 550

1100 - 1200 4181200 - 1300

1300 - 1400 462

1400 - 1500 Hujan Hujan Hujan

1500 - 1600 636

1600 - 1700 572

1700 - 1800 462

1800 - 1830 220Total per shift 4728

Rata2 perjam 4948

ExcavatorTarget BCMhr

Istirahat

Prestasi akhir fleet akan terlihat pada

performa alat angkut

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5657

Matching FactorMatching Factor

MF =Jml Excavator x CT DT

x x v x u

MF gt 1 DT antri

MF lt 1 Excavator nungguCommon practice MF = 09 - 1

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5757

Page 15: 2. Productivity_AED UT.pdf

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 1557

Data yang bisa diperolehData yang bisa diperoleh

Cycle time per-komponen excavatorwheel loader

Distribusi primary-secondary time

-

Fuel consumption

Estimasi produktivitas

Matching factor alat muat ndash alat angkut

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 1657

FaktorFaktor yangyang mempengaruhimempengaruhiBucket fill factorBucket fill factor

bull Bentuk amp fragmentasi materialbull Angle of reposebull

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 1757

Bucket fill factorBucket fill factor

SAE Standard Approx 11 bucket factor

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 1857

Optimalkan payload

ndash Baik untuk alat muat maupun angkut

Fleet Performance OptimizationFleet Performance Optimization

Maksimalkan efisiensi siklus kerja

Efisiensi interaksi alat muat-angkut

(match factor)

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 1957

Bucket fill factorBucket fill factor

Material yang tertinggal di bucket menjadi pengurang bucket fill factor

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2057

Fleet Performance GuidelinesFleet Performance Guidelines

Kunci tingginya performa fleet

ndash Loading rate maksimum

ndash Kecilnya waktu tunggu DTexcavator

Untuk produksi tinggi bisa

digunakan lsquodouble side loadingrsquo

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2157

Prinsip double side loading DT ngantri

Loading Double Side LoadingLoading Double Side Loading

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2257

Advantages of Double SideAdvantages of Double Side

LoadingLoading

Produktivitas fleet akan lebih tinggi Swing angle kecil cycle time loading

lebih cepat

Waktu tunggu manuver (wait to dump)shovel relatif kecil bahkan hampirtidak ada

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2357

Disadvantage of double sideDisadvantage of double side

loadingloading

Hauling cost lebih mahaldaripada loading cost

Dump truck mengantri lebihrugi daripada shovel nunggu

Double side loading yangmerupakan kelebihan shovel

mulai ditinggalkan

Penggunaan shovel akan

makin berkurang

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2457

Excavator Case StudyExcavator Case Study

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2557

KP = x x(n x ct) + JV1 + JV2 + t1+ t2

983115983120 983101 983120983154983151983140983157983139983156983145983158983145983156983161983107 983101 983120983154983151983140983157983139983156983145983151983150 983152983141983154 983124983154983145983152

983109 983101 983114983151983138 983109983142983142983145983139983145983141983150983139983161

983150 983101 983114983157983149983148983137983144 983120983144983137983155983141

983139983156 983101 983107983161983139983148983141 983124983145983149983141 983116983151983137983140983141983154

983114 983101 983112983137983157983148983145983150983143 983108983145983155983156983137983150983139983141983126983089 983101 983112983137983157983148983145983150983143 983123983152983141983141983140

983126983090 983101 983122983141983156983157983154983150983145983150983143 983123983152983141983141983140

983156983089 983101 983108983157983149983152983145983150983143 983124983145983149983141

983124983090 983101 983117983137983150983157983158983141983154 983124983145983149983141

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2657

DUMP TRUCK PRODUCTIVITY FACTORDUMP TRUCK PRODUCTIVITY FACTOR

BUCKET

CAPACITY

VESSELCONTAINMENT

NUMBER OFPASSES

PAYLOAD

BENCHCONDITION

LOADINGMETHOD

MATERIALCONDITION

PRODUCTIVITY

CYCLE-TIME

LOADINGTIME

SPEED

SPOTTIME

WAITINGTIME

HAULING amp

RETURN TIME

MATCHING

DISTANCE

LOADING TIMEPER-PASS

EXCAVATOR

OPERATOR SKILL

DT OPERATORSKILL

ROADCONDITION

DTCHARACTERISTIC

TRAFFICCONDITION

SPOT AREACONDITION

AVAILABLEPOWER

TIRE

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2757

General Haulage Unit ProductivityGeneral Haulage Unit Productivity

Haulage Cycle Components

Description+ Spot Time (1st Pass Delay)

+ Load Time

+ Haul Time

+ Turn and Dump Time

+ Return Time

+ Wait Delays (Repetitive)

Total Truck Cycle Time

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2857

Spot TimeManouver TimeSpot TimeManouver Time

Manuver di loading area Untuk mempercepat proses perlu

cukup untuk manuver

Rear Dump Trucks 15 ndash 40 seconds

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2957

Load TimeLoad Time

Waktu pemuatan

Mulai lsquobucket dumprsquo pertama sampai lsquobucketdumprsquo terakhir

- - -empty

Sering terganggu untuk pekerjaan lsquogeneralrsquo

ndash Faceslope Development

ndash Floor Clean-Up

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3057

Turn and Dump TimeTurn and Dump Time

Manuver amp dumping di disposal Raise and Descend Time for vessel

jalan dumping area yang buruk

Total Time asympasympasympasymp 100 minute

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3157

Wait Time Queuing TimeWait Time Queuing Time

Antri saat pemuatan Matching factor gt 1

Antri saat dumping umumnya untuk DT yangdumping di hoper atau disposal area sempit

sebagai bagian dari hauling time

Bisa dikurangi dengan perhitungan matchingfactor yang tepat

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3257

Travel TimeTravel Time

Can be loaded travel or empty travel

Either Method Requires Detailed ProfileInformation such as

ndash Distance ndash Grade Resistance

ndash Rolling Resistance

ndash Speed Limits

ndash Curve Locations and Radius Figures

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3357

The sum of

ndash Spot and wait time

ndash Load time

Truck Cycle TimeTruck Cycle Time

ndash All travel time

ndash Turn amp dump time plus all other fixed time

Number of cycles hour equals ndash Define production time per hour

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3457

Haul Truck Performance Optimization

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3557

Critical Operating ParametersCritical Operating Parameters

PayloadPayload Typical Rolling Resistance ValuesTypical Rolling Resistance Values

o ng es s anceo ng es s ance

Construction Methods andConstruction Methods andMaterialsMaterials

Road CharacteristicRoad Characteristic DrainageDrainage

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3657

Typical Rolling Resistance ValuesTypical Rolling Resistance ValuesTire Rolling

Penetration Resistance

Hard smooth stabilized surface roadway withoutpenetration under load maintained watered

0 2

Firm smooth rolling roadway with dirt or light surfacingflexing slightly under load maintained watered

12-1 3

Conditions

Dirt roadway rutted flexing under load little maintenanceno water 1-2 in (25-50 mm) tire penetration 1-2 5

Rutted dirt roadway soft under travel no maintenance nostabilization 4-6 in (100-150 mm) tire penetration

4-6 8

Loose sand or gravel 6+ 10

Soft muddy rutted roadway no maintenance 6-12 10-20

Snow packed - 45

Snow loose - 25

Rolling ResistanceRolling Resistance

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3757

Rolling Resistance 15 - 20

Asphalt Paved Road Well Maintained Unpaved RoadRolling Resistance 25~30 Rolling Resistance 35

Compacted maintained by MotorGrader but still soft on surface

Rolling ResistanceRolling Resistance

Soft not well maintained such asloading area

Rolling Resistance 50

Badly maintained not compacted

Rolling Resistance 80 Rolling Resistance 15~20

Not maintained at all Soft muddyNot for rigid dump trucks

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3857

bull ldquoOpenrdquo dimensionbull CBR 80 or greater crushed

Construction Methods andConstruction Methods and

MaterialsMaterials

bull Layers =lt 8 in (20 cm)bull Subbase 2 ft (06m) widerbull Repeated passes- -tracked

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3957

ndash Maximize Safety Speeds ndash Minimize Tire Wear ndash Minimize Spillage

Curve SuperelevationCurve Superelevation

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4057

Road WidthRoad Width

For mining with various of dump truck size follow the biggest dump truck

Dimensi lebar jalan 35 x lebar Dump Truck

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4157

Curve RadiusCurve Radius

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4257

Drainage ControlDrainage Control

Rapid removal of water

Adequate ditch capacity and incline

Crown appropriate for multiple-laneconstruction

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4357

Dump Truck Case StudyDump Truck Case Study

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4457

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4557

General Ripping InformationGeneral Ripping Information Ripper point Penetration ndash Key to Ripping Feasibility

Ripping Feasibility by Rock Type ndash Sedimentary Rocks ( sandstone shale limestone) ndash Feasible

ndash ndash

Questionable to Not Possible

Favorable Rock Characteristics for Ripping

ndash Stratified (Surface Cracking)

ndash Weathered ndash Laminated (Layered)

ndash Brittle

ndash Fractured

Ripping is More Technique than Science

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4657

Ripping Dozing TechniqueRipping Dozing Technique

Mengetahui arah lapisan kekerasanmaterial

Metode menumpuk material untukumpan excavator

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4757

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4857

Bench Height amp Bucket SizeRelationship

Bench HeightBench Height

1 Material height min 15 bucketheight minimum

2 Gravity Assistance needed

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4957

Wheel Loader Cycle Time FiguresWheel Loader Cycle Time Figures

Loader Type sec 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 40 42 44 46 48 50 52 54 56 58 60 62 64 66WA800

WA900

WA1200

Wheel Loader Application - V Cycle Loading

Digging Conditions Attention

= Easy 1) Cycle times are average figures and for diggable material only 2) Cycle times for standard attachments only

3) Hi-Lift specifications increase cycle times by approximately 2-3 seconds

= Average 4) Due to the many variables present at most job sites the preceding cycle

time figures are for planning purpose only and cannot be guaranteed

in any manner

= Severe

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5057

Wheel Loader ProductivityWheel Loader Productivity

Productivity Components

+ Truck Spot Time (1st Pass Delay)

+ Load Time (field cycle time data or estimates)

ndash Consider normal process delays such asbull Floor Clean-up

bull Face Development

bull Positioning etc

+ Wait for Trucks (if any)

Total Loading Tool Cycle Time per Truck

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5157

Wheel Loader ProductivityWheel Loader Productivity

Productivity Calculation

Production Minutes Hr (Job Efficiency Factor)

bull Operator efficiency amp motivation

bull Work organization

bull Management amp supervision

divide Loading Tool Cycle Time per Truck

Number of Trucks per Hour

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5257

Effects of OverloadingEffects of Overloading

1 Exceeds Rated Capacity

2 Machine Stability

3 Compromises Safety

4 Shortened Component Life

bull Boom Cracking

bull Hydraulic System

bull Tire Wear

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5357

Prinsip Pemuatan OptimalPrinsip Pemuatan Optimal

Waktu tunggu sekecil mungkin

Ideal Number of Passes = 3 ndash 5

(tidak ada frac12 bucket)

Kesesuaian dengan dump truck

ndash Loading Height ndash Reach

ndash Bucket Length

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5457

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5557

Fleet ProductivityFleet Productivity Total produksi material yang bisa tertransport per-

satuan waktu Satuan umum fleet productivity

Ritase alat angkutjam - =

HD785-5 = 42 bcmrit

PC1250 01 PC1250 02 PC2000 01475

630 - 700 Daily Daily Daily

700 - 800 506

800 - 900 330

900 - 1000 572

1000 - 1100 550

1100 - 1200 4181200 - 1300

1300 - 1400 462

1400 - 1500 Hujan Hujan Hujan

1500 - 1600 636

1600 - 1700 572

1700 - 1800 462

1800 - 1830 220Total per shift 4728

Rata2 perjam 4948

ExcavatorTarget BCMhr

Istirahat

Prestasi akhir fleet akan terlihat pada

performa alat angkut

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5657

Matching FactorMatching Factor

MF =Jml Excavator x CT DT

x x v x u

MF gt 1 DT antri

MF lt 1 Excavator nungguCommon practice MF = 09 - 1

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5757

Page 16: 2. Productivity_AED UT.pdf

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 1657

FaktorFaktor yangyang mempengaruhimempengaruhiBucket fill factorBucket fill factor

bull Bentuk amp fragmentasi materialbull Angle of reposebull

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 1757

Bucket fill factorBucket fill factor

SAE Standard Approx 11 bucket factor

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 1857

Optimalkan payload

ndash Baik untuk alat muat maupun angkut

Fleet Performance OptimizationFleet Performance Optimization

Maksimalkan efisiensi siklus kerja

Efisiensi interaksi alat muat-angkut

(match factor)

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 1957

Bucket fill factorBucket fill factor

Material yang tertinggal di bucket menjadi pengurang bucket fill factor

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2057

Fleet Performance GuidelinesFleet Performance Guidelines

Kunci tingginya performa fleet

ndash Loading rate maksimum

ndash Kecilnya waktu tunggu DTexcavator

Untuk produksi tinggi bisa

digunakan lsquodouble side loadingrsquo

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2157

Prinsip double side loading DT ngantri

Loading Double Side LoadingLoading Double Side Loading

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2257

Advantages of Double SideAdvantages of Double Side

LoadingLoading

Produktivitas fleet akan lebih tinggi Swing angle kecil cycle time loading

lebih cepat

Waktu tunggu manuver (wait to dump)shovel relatif kecil bahkan hampirtidak ada

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2357

Disadvantage of double sideDisadvantage of double side

loadingloading

Hauling cost lebih mahaldaripada loading cost

Dump truck mengantri lebihrugi daripada shovel nunggu

Double side loading yangmerupakan kelebihan shovel

mulai ditinggalkan

Penggunaan shovel akan

makin berkurang

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2457

Excavator Case StudyExcavator Case Study

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2557

KP = x x(n x ct) + JV1 + JV2 + t1+ t2

983115983120 983101 983120983154983151983140983157983139983156983145983158983145983156983161983107 983101 983120983154983151983140983157983139983156983145983151983150 983152983141983154 983124983154983145983152

983109 983101 983114983151983138 983109983142983142983145983139983145983141983150983139983161

983150 983101 983114983157983149983148983137983144 983120983144983137983155983141

983139983156 983101 983107983161983139983148983141 983124983145983149983141 983116983151983137983140983141983154

983114 983101 983112983137983157983148983145983150983143 983108983145983155983156983137983150983139983141983126983089 983101 983112983137983157983148983145983150983143 983123983152983141983141983140

983126983090 983101 983122983141983156983157983154983150983145983150983143 983123983152983141983141983140

983156983089 983101 983108983157983149983152983145983150983143 983124983145983149983141

983124983090 983101 983117983137983150983157983158983141983154 983124983145983149983141

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2657

DUMP TRUCK PRODUCTIVITY FACTORDUMP TRUCK PRODUCTIVITY FACTOR

BUCKET

CAPACITY

VESSELCONTAINMENT

NUMBER OFPASSES

PAYLOAD

BENCHCONDITION

LOADINGMETHOD

MATERIALCONDITION

PRODUCTIVITY

CYCLE-TIME

LOADINGTIME

SPEED

SPOTTIME

WAITINGTIME

HAULING amp

RETURN TIME

MATCHING

DISTANCE

LOADING TIMEPER-PASS

EXCAVATOR

OPERATOR SKILL

DT OPERATORSKILL

ROADCONDITION

DTCHARACTERISTIC

TRAFFICCONDITION

SPOT AREACONDITION

AVAILABLEPOWER

TIRE

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2757

General Haulage Unit ProductivityGeneral Haulage Unit Productivity

Haulage Cycle Components

Description+ Spot Time (1st Pass Delay)

+ Load Time

+ Haul Time

+ Turn and Dump Time

+ Return Time

+ Wait Delays (Repetitive)

Total Truck Cycle Time

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2857

Spot TimeManouver TimeSpot TimeManouver Time

Manuver di loading area Untuk mempercepat proses perlu

cukup untuk manuver

Rear Dump Trucks 15 ndash 40 seconds

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2957

Load TimeLoad Time

Waktu pemuatan

Mulai lsquobucket dumprsquo pertama sampai lsquobucketdumprsquo terakhir

- - -empty

Sering terganggu untuk pekerjaan lsquogeneralrsquo

ndash Faceslope Development

ndash Floor Clean-Up

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3057

Turn and Dump TimeTurn and Dump Time

Manuver amp dumping di disposal Raise and Descend Time for vessel

jalan dumping area yang buruk

Total Time asympasympasympasymp 100 minute

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3157

Wait Time Queuing TimeWait Time Queuing Time

Antri saat pemuatan Matching factor gt 1

Antri saat dumping umumnya untuk DT yangdumping di hoper atau disposal area sempit

sebagai bagian dari hauling time

Bisa dikurangi dengan perhitungan matchingfactor yang tepat

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3257

Travel TimeTravel Time

Can be loaded travel or empty travel

Either Method Requires Detailed ProfileInformation such as

ndash Distance ndash Grade Resistance

ndash Rolling Resistance

ndash Speed Limits

ndash Curve Locations and Radius Figures

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3357

The sum of

ndash Spot and wait time

ndash Load time

Truck Cycle TimeTruck Cycle Time

ndash All travel time

ndash Turn amp dump time plus all other fixed time

Number of cycles hour equals ndash Define production time per hour

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3457

Haul Truck Performance Optimization

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3557

Critical Operating ParametersCritical Operating Parameters

PayloadPayload Typical Rolling Resistance ValuesTypical Rolling Resistance Values

o ng es s anceo ng es s ance

Construction Methods andConstruction Methods andMaterialsMaterials

Road CharacteristicRoad Characteristic DrainageDrainage

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3657

Typical Rolling Resistance ValuesTypical Rolling Resistance ValuesTire Rolling

Penetration Resistance

Hard smooth stabilized surface roadway withoutpenetration under load maintained watered

0 2

Firm smooth rolling roadway with dirt or light surfacingflexing slightly under load maintained watered

12-1 3

Conditions

Dirt roadway rutted flexing under load little maintenanceno water 1-2 in (25-50 mm) tire penetration 1-2 5

Rutted dirt roadway soft under travel no maintenance nostabilization 4-6 in (100-150 mm) tire penetration

4-6 8

Loose sand or gravel 6+ 10

Soft muddy rutted roadway no maintenance 6-12 10-20

Snow packed - 45

Snow loose - 25

Rolling ResistanceRolling Resistance

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3757

Rolling Resistance 15 - 20

Asphalt Paved Road Well Maintained Unpaved RoadRolling Resistance 25~30 Rolling Resistance 35

Compacted maintained by MotorGrader but still soft on surface

Rolling ResistanceRolling Resistance

Soft not well maintained such asloading area

Rolling Resistance 50

Badly maintained not compacted

Rolling Resistance 80 Rolling Resistance 15~20

Not maintained at all Soft muddyNot for rigid dump trucks

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3857

bull ldquoOpenrdquo dimensionbull CBR 80 or greater crushed

Construction Methods andConstruction Methods and

MaterialsMaterials

bull Layers =lt 8 in (20 cm)bull Subbase 2 ft (06m) widerbull Repeated passes- -tracked

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3957

ndash Maximize Safety Speeds ndash Minimize Tire Wear ndash Minimize Spillage

Curve SuperelevationCurve Superelevation

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4057

Road WidthRoad Width

For mining with various of dump truck size follow the biggest dump truck

Dimensi lebar jalan 35 x lebar Dump Truck

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4157

Curve RadiusCurve Radius

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4257

Drainage ControlDrainage Control

Rapid removal of water

Adequate ditch capacity and incline

Crown appropriate for multiple-laneconstruction

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4357

Dump Truck Case StudyDump Truck Case Study

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4457

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4557

General Ripping InformationGeneral Ripping Information Ripper point Penetration ndash Key to Ripping Feasibility

Ripping Feasibility by Rock Type ndash Sedimentary Rocks ( sandstone shale limestone) ndash Feasible

ndash ndash

Questionable to Not Possible

Favorable Rock Characteristics for Ripping

ndash Stratified (Surface Cracking)

ndash Weathered ndash Laminated (Layered)

ndash Brittle

ndash Fractured

Ripping is More Technique than Science

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4657

Ripping Dozing TechniqueRipping Dozing Technique

Mengetahui arah lapisan kekerasanmaterial

Metode menumpuk material untukumpan excavator

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4757

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4857

Bench Height amp Bucket SizeRelationship

Bench HeightBench Height

1 Material height min 15 bucketheight minimum

2 Gravity Assistance needed

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4957

Wheel Loader Cycle Time FiguresWheel Loader Cycle Time Figures

Loader Type sec 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 40 42 44 46 48 50 52 54 56 58 60 62 64 66WA800

WA900

WA1200

Wheel Loader Application - V Cycle Loading

Digging Conditions Attention

= Easy 1) Cycle times are average figures and for diggable material only 2) Cycle times for standard attachments only

3) Hi-Lift specifications increase cycle times by approximately 2-3 seconds

= Average 4) Due to the many variables present at most job sites the preceding cycle

time figures are for planning purpose only and cannot be guaranteed

in any manner

= Severe

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5057

Wheel Loader ProductivityWheel Loader Productivity

Productivity Components

+ Truck Spot Time (1st Pass Delay)

+ Load Time (field cycle time data or estimates)

ndash Consider normal process delays such asbull Floor Clean-up

bull Face Development

bull Positioning etc

+ Wait for Trucks (if any)

Total Loading Tool Cycle Time per Truck

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5157

Wheel Loader ProductivityWheel Loader Productivity

Productivity Calculation

Production Minutes Hr (Job Efficiency Factor)

bull Operator efficiency amp motivation

bull Work organization

bull Management amp supervision

divide Loading Tool Cycle Time per Truck

Number of Trucks per Hour

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5257

Effects of OverloadingEffects of Overloading

1 Exceeds Rated Capacity

2 Machine Stability

3 Compromises Safety

4 Shortened Component Life

bull Boom Cracking

bull Hydraulic System

bull Tire Wear

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5357

Prinsip Pemuatan OptimalPrinsip Pemuatan Optimal

Waktu tunggu sekecil mungkin

Ideal Number of Passes = 3 ndash 5

(tidak ada frac12 bucket)

Kesesuaian dengan dump truck

ndash Loading Height ndash Reach

ndash Bucket Length

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5457

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5557

Fleet ProductivityFleet Productivity Total produksi material yang bisa tertransport per-

satuan waktu Satuan umum fleet productivity

Ritase alat angkutjam - =

HD785-5 = 42 bcmrit

PC1250 01 PC1250 02 PC2000 01475

630 - 700 Daily Daily Daily

700 - 800 506

800 - 900 330

900 - 1000 572

1000 - 1100 550

1100 - 1200 4181200 - 1300

1300 - 1400 462

1400 - 1500 Hujan Hujan Hujan

1500 - 1600 636

1600 - 1700 572

1700 - 1800 462

1800 - 1830 220Total per shift 4728

Rata2 perjam 4948

ExcavatorTarget BCMhr

Istirahat

Prestasi akhir fleet akan terlihat pada

performa alat angkut

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5657

Matching FactorMatching Factor

MF =Jml Excavator x CT DT

x x v x u

MF gt 1 DT antri

MF lt 1 Excavator nungguCommon practice MF = 09 - 1

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5757

Page 17: 2. Productivity_AED UT.pdf

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 1757

Bucket fill factorBucket fill factor

SAE Standard Approx 11 bucket factor

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 1857

Optimalkan payload

ndash Baik untuk alat muat maupun angkut

Fleet Performance OptimizationFleet Performance Optimization

Maksimalkan efisiensi siklus kerja

Efisiensi interaksi alat muat-angkut

(match factor)

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 1957

Bucket fill factorBucket fill factor

Material yang tertinggal di bucket menjadi pengurang bucket fill factor

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2057

Fleet Performance GuidelinesFleet Performance Guidelines

Kunci tingginya performa fleet

ndash Loading rate maksimum

ndash Kecilnya waktu tunggu DTexcavator

Untuk produksi tinggi bisa

digunakan lsquodouble side loadingrsquo

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2157

Prinsip double side loading DT ngantri

Loading Double Side LoadingLoading Double Side Loading

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2257

Advantages of Double SideAdvantages of Double Side

LoadingLoading

Produktivitas fleet akan lebih tinggi Swing angle kecil cycle time loading

lebih cepat

Waktu tunggu manuver (wait to dump)shovel relatif kecil bahkan hampirtidak ada

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2357

Disadvantage of double sideDisadvantage of double side

loadingloading

Hauling cost lebih mahaldaripada loading cost

Dump truck mengantri lebihrugi daripada shovel nunggu

Double side loading yangmerupakan kelebihan shovel

mulai ditinggalkan

Penggunaan shovel akan

makin berkurang

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2457

Excavator Case StudyExcavator Case Study

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2557

KP = x x(n x ct) + JV1 + JV2 + t1+ t2

983115983120 983101 983120983154983151983140983157983139983156983145983158983145983156983161983107 983101 983120983154983151983140983157983139983156983145983151983150 983152983141983154 983124983154983145983152

983109 983101 983114983151983138 983109983142983142983145983139983145983141983150983139983161

983150 983101 983114983157983149983148983137983144 983120983144983137983155983141

983139983156 983101 983107983161983139983148983141 983124983145983149983141 983116983151983137983140983141983154

983114 983101 983112983137983157983148983145983150983143 983108983145983155983156983137983150983139983141983126983089 983101 983112983137983157983148983145983150983143 983123983152983141983141983140

983126983090 983101 983122983141983156983157983154983150983145983150983143 983123983152983141983141983140

983156983089 983101 983108983157983149983152983145983150983143 983124983145983149983141

983124983090 983101 983117983137983150983157983158983141983154 983124983145983149983141

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2657

DUMP TRUCK PRODUCTIVITY FACTORDUMP TRUCK PRODUCTIVITY FACTOR

BUCKET

CAPACITY

VESSELCONTAINMENT

NUMBER OFPASSES

PAYLOAD

BENCHCONDITION

LOADINGMETHOD

MATERIALCONDITION

PRODUCTIVITY

CYCLE-TIME

LOADINGTIME

SPEED

SPOTTIME

WAITINGTIME

HAULING amp

RETURN TIME

MATCHING

DISTANCE

LOADING TIMEPER-PASS

EXCAVATOR

OPERATOR SKILL

DT OPERATORSKILL

ROADCONDITION

DTCHARACTERISTIC

TRAFFICCONDITION

SPOT AREACONDITION

AVAILABLEPOWER

TIRE

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2757

General Haulage Unit ProductivityGeneral Haulage Unit Productivity

Haulage Cycle Components

Description+ Spot Time (1st Pass Delay)

+ Load Time

+ Haul Time

+ Turn and Dump Time

+ Return Time

+ Wait Delays (Repetitive)

Total Truck Cycle Time

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2857

Spot TimeManouver TimeSpot TimeManouver Time

Manuver di loading area Untuk mempercepat proses perlu

cukup untuk manuver

Rear Dump Trucks 15 ndash 40 seconds

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2957

Load TimeLoad Time

Waktu pemuatan

Mulai lsquobucket dumprsquo pertama sampai lsquobucketdumprsquo terakhir

- - -empty

Sering terganggu untuk pekerjaan lsquogeneralrsquo

ndash Faceslope Development

ndash Floor Clean-Up

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3057

Turn and Dump TimeTurn and Dump Time

Manuver amp dumping di disposal Raise and Descend Time for vessel

jalan dumping area yang buruk

Total Time asympasympasympasymp 100 minute

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3157

Wait Time Queuing TimeWait Time Queuing Time

Antri saat pemuatan Matching factor gt 1

Antri saat dumping umumnya untuk DT yangdumping di hoper atau disposal area sempit

sebagai bagian dari hauling time

Bisa dikurangi dengan perhitungan matchingfactor yang tepat

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3257

Travel TimeTravel Time

Can be loaded travel or empty travel

Either Method Requires Detailed ProfileInformation such as

ndash Distance ndash Grade Resistance

ndash Rolling Resistance

ndash Speed Limits

ndash Curve Locations and Radius Figures

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3357

The sum of

ndash Spot and wait time

ndash Load time

Truck Cycle TimeTruck Cycle Time

ndash All travel time

ndash Turn amp dump time plus all other fixed time

Number of cycles hour equals ndash Define production time per hour

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3457

Haul Truck Performance Optimization

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3557

Critical Operating ParametersCritical Operating Parameters

PayloadPayload Typical Rolling Resistance ValuesTypical Rolling Resistance Values

o ng es s anceo ng es s ance

Construction Methods andConstruction Methods andMaterialsMaterials

Road CharacteristicRoad Characteristic DrainageDrainage

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3657

Typical Rolling Resistance ValuesTypical Rolling Resistance ValuesTire Rolling

Penetration Resistance

Hard smooth stabilized surface roadway withoutpenetration under load maintained watered

0 2

Firm smooth rolling roadway with dirt or light surfacingflexing slightly under load maintained watered

12-1 3

Conditions

Dirt roadway rutted flexing under load little maintenanceno water 1-2 in (25-50 mm) tire penetration 1-2 5

Rutted dirt roadway soft under travel no maintenance nostabilization 4-6 in (100-150 mm) tire penetration

4-6 8

Loose sand or gravel 6+ 10

Soft muddy rutted roadway no maintenance 6-12 10-20

Snow packed - 45

Snow loose - 25

Rolling ResistanceRolling Resistance

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3757

Rolling Resistance 15 - 20

Asphalt Paved Road Well Maintained Unpaved RoadRolling Resistance 25~30 Rolling Resistance 35

Compacted maintained by MotorGrader but still soft on surface

Rolling ResistanceRolling Resistance

Soft not well maintained such asloading area

Rolling Resistance 50

Badly maintained not compacted

Rolling Resistance 80 Rolling Resistance 15~20

Not maintained at all Soft muddyNot for rigid dump trucks

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3857

bull ldquoOpenrdquo dimensionbull CBR 80 or greater crushed

Construction Methods andConstruction Methods and

MaterialsMaterials

bull Layers =lt 8 in (20 cm)bull Subbase 2 ft (06m) widerbull Repeated passes- -tracked

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3957

ndash Maximize Safety Speeds ndash Minimize Tire Wear ndash Minimize Spillage

Curve SuperelevationCurve Superelevation

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4057

Road WidthRoad Width

For mining with various of dump truck size follow the biggest dump truck

Dimensi lebar jalan 35 x lebar Dump Truck

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4157

Curve RadiusCurve Radius

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4257

Drainage ControlDrainage Control

Rapid removal of water

Adequate ditch capacity and incline

Crown appropriate for multiple-laneconstruction

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4357

Dump Truck Case StudyDump Truck Case Study

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4457

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4557

General Ripping InformationGeneral Ripping Information Ripper point Penetration ndash Key to Ripping Feasibility

Ripping Feasibility by Rock Type ndash Sedimentary Rocks ( sandstone shale limestone) ndash Feasible

ndash ndash

Questionable to Not Possible

Favorable Rock Characteristics for Ripping

ndash Stratified (Surface Cracking)

ndash Weathered ndash Laminated (Layered)

ndash Brittle

ndash Fractured

Ripping is More Technique than Science

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4657

Ripping Dozing TechniqueRipping Dozing Technique

Mengetahui arah lapisan kekerasanmaterial

Metode menumpuk material untukumpan excavator

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4757

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4857

Bench Height amp Bucket SizeRelationship

Bench HeightBench Height

1 Material height min 15 bucketheight minimum

2 Gravity Assistance needed

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4957

Wheel Loader Cycle Time FiguresWheel Loader Cycle Time Figures

Loader Type sec 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 40 42 44 46 48 50 52 54 56 58 60 62 64 66WA800

WA900

WA1200

Wheel Loader Application - V Cycle Loading

Digging Conditions Attention

= Easy 1) Cycle times are average figures and for diggable material only 2) Cycle times for standard attachments only

3) Hi-Lift specifications increase cycle times by approximately 2-3 seconds

= Average 4) Due to the many variables present at most job sites the preceding cycle

time figures are for planning purpose only and cannot be guaranteed

in any manner

= Severe

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5057

Wheel Loader ProductivityWheel Loader Productivity

Productivity Components

+ Truck Spot Time (1st Pass Delay)

+ Load Time (field cycle time data or estimates)

ndash Consider normal process delays such asbull Floor Clean-up

bull Face Development

bull Positioning etc

+ Wait for Trucks (if any)

Total Loading Tool Cycle Time per Truck

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5157

Wheel Loader ProductivityWheel Loader Productivity

Productivity Calculation

Production Minutes Hr (Job Efficiency Factor)

bull Operator efficiency amp motivation

bull Work organization

bull Management amp supervision

divide Loading Tool Cycle Time per Truck

Number of Trucks per Hour

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5257

Effects of OverloadingEffects of Overloading

1 Exceeds Rated Capacity

2 Machine Stability

3 Compromises Safety

4 Shortened Component Life

bull Boom Cracking

bull Hydraulic System

bull Tire Wear

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5357

Prinsip Pemuatan OptimalPrinsip Pemuatan Optimal

Waktu tunggu sekecil mungkin

Ideal Number of Passes = 3 ndash 5

(tidak ada frac12 bucket)

Kesesuaian dengan dump truck

ndash Loading Height ndash Reach

ndash Bucket Length

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5457

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5557

Fleet ProductivityFleet Productivity Total produksi material yang bisa tertransport per-

satuan waktu Satuan umum fleet productivity

Ritase alat angkutjam - =

HD785-5 = 42 bcmrit

PC1250 01 PC1250 02 PC2000 01475

630 - 700 Daily Daily Daily

700 - 800 506

800 - 900 330

900 - 1000 572

1000 - 1100 550

1100 - 1200 4181200 - 1300

1300 - 1400 462

1400 - 1500 Hujan Hujan Hujan

1500 - 1600 636

1600 - 1700 572

1700 - 1800 462

1800 - 1830 220Total per shift 4728

Rata2 perjam 4948

ExcavatorTarget BCMhr

Istirahat

Prestasi akhir fleet akan terlihat pada

performa alat angkut

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5657

Matching FactorMatching Factor

MF =Jml Excavator x CT DT

x x v x u

MF gt 1 DT antri

MF lt 1 Excavator nungguCommon practice MF = 09 - 1

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5757

Page 18: 2. Productivity_AED UT.pdf

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 1857

Optimalkan payload

ndash Baik untuk alat muat maupun angkut

Fleet Performance OptimizationFleet Performance Optimization

Maksimalkan efisiensi siklus kerja

Efisiensi interaksi alat muat-angkut

(match factor)

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 1957

Bucket fill factorBucket fill factor

Material yang tertinggal di bucket menjadi pengurang bucket fill factor

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2057

Fleet Performance GuidelinesFleet Performance Guidelines

Kunci tingginya performa fleet

ndash Loading rate maksimum

ndash Kecilnya waktu tunggu DTexcavator

Untuk produksi tinggi bisa

digunakan lsquodouble side loadingrsquo

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2157

Prinsip double side loading DT ngantri

Loading Double Side LoadingLoading Double Side Loading

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2257

Advantages of Double SideAdvantages of Double Side

LoadingLoading

Produktivitas fleet akan lebih tinggi Swing angle kecil cycle time loading

lebih cepat

Waktu tunggu manuver (wait to dump)shovel relatif kecil bahkan hampirtidak ada

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2357

Disadvantage of double sideDisadvantage of double side

loadingloading

Hauling cost lebih mahaldaripada loading cost

Dump truck mengantri lebihrugi daripada shovel nunggu

Double side loading yangmerupakan kelebihan shovel

mulai ditinggalkan

Penggunaan shovel akan

makin berkurang

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2457

Excavator Case StudyExcavator Case Study

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2557

KP = x x(n x ct) + JV1 + JV2 + t1+ t2

983115983120 983101 983120983154983151983140983157983139983156983145983158983145983156983161983107 983101 983120983154983151983140983157983139983156983145983151983150 983152983141983154 983124983154983145983152

983109 983101 983114983151983138 983109983142983142983145983139983145983141983150983139983161

983150 983101 983114983157983149983148983137983144 983120983144983137983155983141

983139983156 983101 983107983161983139983148983141 983124983145983149983141 983116983151983137983140983141983154

983114 983101 983112983137983157983148983145983150983143 983108983145983155983156983137983150983139983141983126983089 983101 983112983137983157983148983145983150983143 983123983152983141983141983140

983126983090 983101 983122983141983156983157983154983150983145983150983143 983123983152983141983141983140

983156983089 983101 983108983157983149983152983145983150983143 983124983145983149983141

983124983090 983101 983117983137983150983157983158983141983154 983124983145983149983141

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2657

DUMP TRUCK PRODUCTIVITY FACTORDUMP TRUCK PRODUCTIVITY FACTOR

BUCKET

CAPACITY

VESSELCONTAINMENT

NUMBER OFPASSES

PAYLOAD

BENCHCONDITION

LOADINGMETHOD

MATERIALCONDITION

PRODUCTIVITY

CYCLE-TIME

LOADINGTIME

SPEED

SPOTTIME

WAITINGTIME

HAULING amp

RETURN TIME

MATCHING

DISTANCE

LOADING TIMEPER-PASS

EXCAVATOR

OPERATOR SKILL

DT OPERATORSKILL

ROADCONDITION

DTCHARACTERISTIC

TRAFFICCONDITION

SPOT AREACONDITION

AVAILABLEPOWER

TIRE

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2757

General Haulage Unit ProductivityGeneral Haulage Unit Productivity

Haulage Cycle Components

Description+ Spot Time (1st Pass Delay)

+ Load Time

+ Haul Time

+ Turn and Dump Time

+ Return Time

+ Wait Delays (Repetitive)

Total Truck Cycle Time

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2857

Spot TimeManouver TimeSpot TimeManouver Time

Manuver di loading area Untuk mempercepat proses perlu

cukup untuk manuver

Rear Dump Trucks 15 ndash 40 seconds

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2957

Load TimeLoad Time

Waktu pemuatan

Mulai lsquobucket dumprsquo pertama sampai lsquobucketdumprsquo terakhir

- - -empty

Sering terganggu untuk pekerjaan lsquogeneralrsquo

ndash Faceslope Development

ndash Floor Clean-Up

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3057

Turn and Dump TimeTurn and Dump Time

Manuver amp dumping di disposal Raise and Descend Time for vessel

jalan dumping area yang buruk

Total Time asympasympasympasymp 100 minute

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3157

Wait Time Queuing TimeWait Time Queuing Time

Antri saat pemuatan Matching factor gt 1

Antri saat dumping umumnya untuk DT yangdumping di hoper atau disposal area sempit

sebagai bagian dari hauling time

Bisa dikurangi dengan perhitungan matchingfactor yang tepat

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3257

Travel TimeTravel Time

Can be loaded travel or empty travel

Either Method Requires Detailed ProfileInformation such as

ndash Distance ndash Grade Resistance

ndash Rolling Resistance

ndash Speed Limits

ndash Curve Locations and Radius Figures

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3357

The sum of

ndash Spot and wait time

ndash Load time

Truck Cycle TimeTruck Cycle Time

ndash All travel time

ndash Turn amp dump time plus all other fixed time

Number of cycles hour equals ndash Define production time per hour

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3457

Haul Truck Performance Optimization

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3557

Critical Operating ParametersCritical Operating Parameters

PayloadPayload Typical Rolling Resistance ValuesTypical Rolling Resistance Values

o ng es s anceo ng es s ance

Construction Methods andConstruction Methods andMaterialsMaterials

Road CharacteristicRoad Characteristic DrainageDrainage

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3657

Typical Rolling Resistance ValuesTypical Rolling Resistance ValuesTire Rolling

Penetration Resistance

Hard smooth stabilized surface roadway withoutpenetration under load maintained watered

0 2

Firm smooth rolling roadway with dirt or light surfacingflexing slightly under load maintained watered

12-1 3

Conditions

Dirt roadway rutted flexing under load little maintenanceno water 1-2 in (25-50 mm) tire penetration 1-2 5

Rutted dirt roadway soft under travel no maintenance nostabilization 4-6 in (100-150 mm) tire penetration

4-6 8

Loose sand or gravel 6+ 10

Soft muddy rutted roadway no maintenance 6-12 10-20

Snow packed - 45

Snow loose - 25

Rolling ResistanceRolling Resistance

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3757

Rolling Resistance 15 - 20

Asphalt Paved Road Well Maintained Unpaved RoadRolling Resistance 25~30 Rolling Resistance 35

Compacted maintained by MotorGrader but still soft on surface

Rolling ResistanceRolling Resistance

Soft not well maintained such asloading area

Rolling Resistance 50

Badly maintained not compacted

Rolling Resistance 80 Rolling Resistance 15~20

Not maintained at all Soft muddyNot for rigid dump trucks

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3857

bull ldquoOpenrdquo dimensionbull CBR 80 or greater crushed

Construction Methods andConstruction Methods and

MaterialsMaterials

bull Layers =lt 8 in (20 cm)bull Subbase 2 ft (06m) widerbull Repeated passes- -tracked

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3957

ndash Maximize Safety Speeds ndash Minimize Tire Wear ndash Minimize Spillage

Curve SuperelevationCurve Superelevation

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4057

Road WidthRoad Width

For mining with various of dump truck size follow the biggest dump truck

Dimensi lebar jalan 35 x lebar Dump Truck

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4157

Curve RadiusCurve Radius

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4257

Drainage ControlDrainage Control

Rapid removal of water

Adequate ditch capacity and incline

Crown appropriate for multiple-laneconstruction

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4357

Dump Truck Case StudyDump Truck Case Study

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4457

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4557

General Ripping InformationGeneral Ripping Information Ripper point Penetration ndash Key to Ripping Feasibility

Ripping Feasibility by Rock Type ndash Sedimentary Rocks ( sandstone shale limestone) ndash Feasible

ndash ndash

Questionable to Not Possible

Favorable Rock Characteristics for Ripping

ndash Stratified (Surface Cracking)

ndash Weathered ndash Laminated (Layered)

ndash Brittle

ndash Fractured

Ripping is More Technique than Science

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4657

Ripping Dozing TechniqueRipping Dozing Technique

Mengetahui arah lapisan kekerasanmaterial

Metode menumpuk material untukumpan excavator

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4757

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4857

Bench Height amp Bucket SizeRelationship

Bench HeightBench Height

1 Material height min 15 bucketheight minimum

2 Gravity Assistance needed

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4957

Wheel Loader Cycle Time FiguresWheel Loader Cycle Time Figures

Loader Type sec 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 40 42 44 46 48 50 52 54 56 58 60 62 64 66WA800

WA900

WA1200

Wheel Loader Application - V Cycle Loading

Digging Conditions Attention

= Easy 1) Cycle times are average figures and for diggable material only 2) Cycle times for standard attachments only

3) Hi-Lift specifications increase cycle times by approximately 2-3 seconds

= Average 4) Due to the many variables present at most job sites the preceding cycle

time figures are for planning purpose only and cannot be guaranteed

in any manner

= Severe

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5057

Wheel Loader ProductivityWheel Loader Productivity

Productivity Components

+ Truck Spot Time (1st Pass Delay)

+ Load Time (field cycle time data or estimates)

ndash Consider normal process delays such asbull Floor Clean-up

bull Face Development

bull Positioning etc

+ Wait for Trucks (if any)

Total Loading Tool Cycle Time per Truck

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5157

Wheel Loader ProductivityWheel Loader Productivity

Productivity Calculation

Production Minutes Hr (Job Efficiency Factor)

bull Operator efficiency amp motivation

bull Work organization

bull Management amp supervision

divide Loading Tool Cycle Time per Truck

Number of Trucks per Hour

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5257

Effects of OverloadingEffects of Overloading

1 Exceeds Rated Capacity

2 Machine Stability

3 Compromises Safety

4 Shortened Component Life

bull Boom Cracking

bull Hydraulic System

bull Tire Wear

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5357

Prinsip Pemuatan OptimalPrinsip Pemuatan Optimal

Waktu tunggu sekecil mungkin

Ideal Number of Passes = 3 ndash 5

(tidak ada frac12 bucket)

Kesesuaian dengan dump truck

ndash Loading Height ndash Reach

ndash Bucket Length

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5457

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5557

Fleet ProductivityFleet Productivity Total produksi material yang bisa tertransport per-

satuan waktu Satuan umum fleet productivity

Ritase alat angkutjam - =

HD785-5 = 42 bcmrit

PC1250 01 PC1250 02 PC2000 01475

630 - 700 Daily Daily Daily

700 - 800 506

800 - 900 330

900 - 1000 572

1000 - 1100 550

1100 - 1200 4181200 - 1300

1300 - 1400 462

1400 - 1500 Hujan Hujan Hujan

1500 - 1600 636

1600 - 1700 572

1700 - 1800 462

1800 - 1830 220Total per shift 4728

Rata2 perjam 4948

ExcavatorTarget BCMhr

Istirahat

Prestasi akhir fleet akan terlihat pada

performa alat angkut

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5657

Matching FactorMatching Factor

MF =Jml Excavator x CT DT

x x v x u

MF gt 1 DT antri

MF lt 1 Excavator nungguCommon practice MF = 09 - 1

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5757

Page 19: 2. Productivity_AED UT.pdf

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 1957

Bucket fill factorBucket fill factor

Material yang tertinggal di bucket menjadi pengurang bucket fill factor

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2057

Fleet Performance GuidelinesFleet Performance Guidelines

Kunci tingginya performa fleet

ndash Loading rate maksimum

ndash Kecilnya waktu tunggu DTexcavator

Untuk produksi tinggi bisa

digunakan lsquodouble side loadingrsquo

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2157

Prinsip double side loading DT ngantri

Loading Double Side LoadingLoading Double Side Loading

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2257

Advantages of Double SideAdvantages of Double Side

LoadingLoading

Produktivitas fleet akan lebih tinggi Swing angle kecil cycle time loading

lebih cepat

Waktu tunggu manuver (wait to dump)shovel relatif kecil bahkan hampirtidak ada

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2357

Disadvantage of double sideDisadvantage of double side

loadingloading

Hauling cost lebih mahaldaripada loading cost

Dump truck mengantri lebihrugi daripada shovel nunggu

Double side loading yangmerupakan kelebihan shovel

mulai ditinggalkan

Penggunaan shovel akan

makin berkurang

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2457

Excavator Case StudyExcavator Case Study

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2557

KP = x x(n x ct) + JV1 + JV2 + t1+ t2

983115983120 983101 983120983154983151983140983157983139983156983145983158983145983156983161983107 983101 983120983154983151983140983157983139983156983145983151983150 983152983141983154 983124983154983145983152

983109 983101 983114983151983138 983109983142983142983145983139983145983141983150983139983161

983150 983101 983114983157983149983148983137983144 983120983144983137983155983141

983139983156 983101 983107983161983139983148983141 983124983145983149983141 983116983151983137983140983141983154

983114 983101 983112983137983157983148983145983150983143 983108983145983155983156983137983150983139983141983126983089 983101 983112983137983157983148983145983150983143 983123983152983141983141983140

983126983090 983101 983122983141983156983157983154983150983145983150983143 983123983152983141983141983140

983156983089 983101 983108983157983149983152983145983150983143 983124983145983149983141

983124983090 983101 983117983137983150983157983158983141983154 983124983145983149983141

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2657

DUMP TRUCK PRODUCTIVITY FACTORDUMP TRUCK PRODUCTIVITY FACTOR

BUCKET

CAPACITY

VESSELCONTAINMENT

NUMBER OFPASSES

PAYLOAD

BENCHCONDITION

LOADINGMETHOD

MATERIALCONDITION

PRODUCTIVITY

CYCLE-TIME

LOADINGTIME

SPEED

SPOTTIME

WAITINGTIME

HAULING amp

RETURN TIME

MATCHING

DISTANCE

LOADING TIMEPER-PASS

EXCAVATOR

OPERATOR SKILL

DT OPERATORSKILL

ROADCONDITION

DTCHARACTERISTIC

TRAFFICCONDITION

SPOT AREACONDITION

AVAILABLEPOWER

TIRE

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2757

General Haulage Unit ProductivityGeneral Haulage Unit Productivity

Haulage Cycle Components

Description+ Spot Time (1st Pass Delay)

+ Load Time

+ Haul Time

+ Turn and Dump Time

+ Return Time

+ Wait Delays (Repetitive)

Total Truck Cycle Time

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2857

Spot TimeManouver TimeSpot TimeManouver Time

Manuver di loading area Untuk mempercepat proses perlu

cukup untuk manuver

Rear Dump Trucks 15 ndash 40 seconds

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2957

Load TimeLoad Time

Waktu pemuatan

Mulai lsquobucket dumprsquo pertama sampai lsquobucketdumprsquo terakhir

- - -empty

Sering terganggu untuk pekerjaan lsquogeneralrsquo

ndash Faceslope Development

ndash Floor Clean-Up

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3057

Turn and Dump TimeTurn and Dump Time

Manuver amp dumping di disposal Raise and Descend Time for vessel

jalan dumping area yang buruk

Total Time asympasympasympasymp 100 minute

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3157

Wait Time Queuing TimeWait Time Queuing Time

Antri saat pemuatan Matching factor gt 1

Antri saat dumping umumnya untuk DT yangdumping di hoper atau disposal area sempit

sebagai bagian dari hauling time

Bisa dikurangi dengan perhitungan matchingfactor yang tepat

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3257

Travel TimeTravel Time

Can be loaded travel or empty travel

Either Method Requires Detailed ProfileInformation such as

ndash Distance ndash Grade Resistance

ndash Rolling Resistance

ndash Speed Limits

ndash Curve Locations and Radius Figures

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3357

The sum of

ndash Spot and wait time

ndash Load time

Truck Cycle TimeTruck Cycle Time

ndash All travel time

ndash Turn amp dump time plus all other fixed time

Number of cycles hour equals ndash Define production time per hour

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3457

Haul Truck Performance Optimization

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3557

Critical Operating ParametersCritical Operating Parameters

PayloadPayload Typical Rolling Resistance ValuesTypical Rolling Resistance Values

o ng es s anceo ng es s ance

Construction Methods andConstruction Methods andMaterialsMaterials

Road CharacteristicRoad Characteristic DrainageDrainage

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3657

Typical Rolling Resistance ValuesTypical Rolling Resistance ValuesTire Rolling

Penetration Resistance

Hard smooth stabilized surface roadway withoutpenetration under load maintained watered

0 2

Firm smooth rolling roadway with dirt or light surfacingflexing slightly under load maintained watered

12-1 3

Conditions

Dirt roadway rutted flexing under load little maintenanceno water 1-2 in (25-50 mm) tire penetration 1-2 5

Rutted dirt roadway soft under travel no maintenance nostabilization 4-6 in (100-150 mm) tire penetration

4-6 8

Loose sand or gravel 6+ 10

Soft muddy rutted roadway no maintenance 6-12 10-20

Snow packed - 45

Snow loose - 25

Rolling ResistanceRolling Resistance

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3757

Rolling Resistance 15 - 20

Asphalt Paved Road Well Maintained Unpaved RoadRolling Resistance 25~30 Rolling Resistance 35

Compacted maintained by MotorGrader but still soft on surface

Rolling ResistanceRolling Resistance

Soft not well maintained such asloading area

Rolling Resistance 50

Badly maintained not compacted

Rolling Resistance 80 Rolling Resistance 15~20

Not maintained at all Soft muddyNot for rigid dump trucks

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3857

bull ldquoOpenrdquo dimensionbull CBR 80 or greater crushed

Construction Methods andConstruction Methods and

MaterialsMaterials

bull Layers =lt 8 in (20 cm)bull Subbase 2 ft (06m) widerbull Repeated passes- -tracked

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3957

ndash Maximize Safety Speeds ndash Minimize Tire Wear ndash Minimize Spillage

Curve SuperelevationCurve Superelevation

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4057

Road WidthRoad Width

For mining with various of dump truck size follow the biggest dump truck

Dimensi lebar jalan 35 x lebar Dump Truck

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4157

Curve RadiusCurve Radius

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4257

Drainage ControlDrainage Control

Rapid removal of water

Adequate ditch capacity and incline

Crown appropriate for multiple-laneconstruction

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4357

Dump Truck Case StudyDump Truck Case Study

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4457

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4557

General Ripping InformationGeneral Ripping Information Ripper point Penetration ndash Key to Ripping Feasibility

Ripping Feasibility by Rock Type ndash Sedimentary Rocks ( sandstone shale limestone) ndash Feasible

ndash ndash

Questionable to Not Possible

Favorable Rock Characteristics for Ripping

ndash Stratified (Surface Cracking)

ndash Weathered ndash Laminated (Layered)

ndash Brittle

ndash Fractured

Ripping is More Technique than Science

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4657

Ripping Dozing TechniqueRipping Dozing Technique

Mengetahui arah lapisan kekerasanmaterial

Metode menumpuk material untukumpan excavator

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4757

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4857

Bench Height amp Bucket SizeRelationship

Bench HeightBench Height

1 Material height min 15 bucketheight minimum

2 Gravity Assistance needed

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4957

Wheel Loader Cycle Time FiguresWheel Loader Cycle Time Figures

Loader Type sec 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 40 42 44 46 48 50 52 54 56 58 60 62 64 66WA800

WA900

WA1200

Wheel Loader Application - V Cycle Loading

Digging Conditions Attention

= Easy 1) Cycle times are average figures and for diggable material only 2) Cycle times for standard attachments only

3) Hi-Lift specifications increase cycle times by approximately 2-3 seconds

= Average 4) Due to the many variables present at most job sites the preceding cycle

time figures are for planning purpose only and cannot be guaranteed

in any manner

= Severe

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5057

Wheel Loader ProductivityWheel Loader Productivity

Productivity Components

+ Truck Spot Time (1st Pass Delay)

+ Load Time (field cycle time data or estimates)

ndash Consider normal process delays such asbull Floor Clean-up

bull Face Development

bull Positioning etc

+ Wait for Trucks (if any)

Total Loading Tool Cycle Time per Truck

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5157

Wheel Loader ProductivityWheel Loader Productivity

Productivity Calculation

Production Minutes Hr (Job Efficiency Factor)

bull Operator efficiency amp motivation

bull Work organization

bull Management amp supervision

divide Loading Tool Cycle Time per Truck

Number of Trucks per Hour

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5257

Effects of OverloadingEffects of Overloading

1 Exceeds Rated Capacity

2 Machine Stability

3 Compromises Safety

4 Shortened Component Life

bull Boom Cracking

bull Hydraulic System

bull Tire Wear

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5357

Prinsip Pemuatan OptimalPrinsip Pemuatan Optimal

Waktu tunggu sekecil mungkin

Ideal Number of Passes = 3 ndash 5

(tidak ada frac12 bucket)

Kesesuaian dengan dump truck

ndash Loading Height ndash Reach

ndash Bucket Length

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5457

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5557

Fleet ProductivityFleet Productivity Total produksi material yang bisa tertransport per-

satuan waktu Satuan umum fleet productivity

Ritase alat angkutjam - =

HD785-5 = 42 bcmrit

PC1250 01 PC1250 02 PC2000 01475

630 - 700 Daily Daily Daily

700 - 800 506

800 - 900 330

900 - 1000 572

1000 - 1100 550

1100 - 1200 4181200 - 1300

1300 - 1400 462

1400 - 1500 Hujan Hujan Hujan

1500 - 1600 636

1600 - 1700 572

1700 - 1800 462

1800 - 1830 220Total per shift 4728

Rata2 perjam 4948

ExcavatorTarget BCMhr

Istirahat

Prestasi akhir fleet akan terlihat pada

performa alat angkut

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5657

Matching FactorMatching Factor

MF =Jml Excavator x CT DT

x x v x u

MF gt 1 DT antri

MF lt 1 Excavator nungguCommon practice MF = 09 - 1

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5757

Page 20: 2. Productivity_AED UT.pdf

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2057

Fleet Performance GuidelinesFleet Performance Guidelines

Kunci tingginya performa fleet

ndash Loading rate maksimum

ndash Kecilnya waktu tunggu DTexcavator

Untuk produksi tinggi bisa

digunakan lsquodouble side loadingrsquo

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2157

Prinsip double side loading DT ngantri

Loading Double Side LoadingLoading Double Side Loading

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2257

Advantages of Double SideAdvantages of Double Side

LoadingLoading

Produktivitas fleet akan lebih tinggi Swing angle kecil cycle time loading

lebih cepat

Waktu tunggu manuver (wait to dump)shovel relatif kecil bahkan hampirtidak ada

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2357

Disadvantage of double sideDisadvantage of double side

loadingloading

Hauling cost lebih mahaldaripada loading cost

Dump truck mengantri lebihrugi daripada shovel nunggu

Double side loading yangmerupakan kelebihan shovel

mulai ditinggalkan

Penggunaan shovel akan

makin berkurang

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2457

Excavator Case StudyExcavator Case Study

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2557

KP = x x(n x ct) + JV1 + JV2 + t1+ t2

983115983120 983101 983120983154983151983140983157983139983156983145983158983145983156983161983107 983101 983120983154983151983140983157983139983156983145983151983150 983152983141983154 983124983154983145983152

983109 983101 983114983151983138 983109983142983142983145983139983145983141983150983139983161

983150 983101 983114983157983149983148983137983144 983120983144983137983155983141

983139983156 983101 983107983161983139983148983141 983124983145983149983141 983116983151983137983140983141983154

983114 983101 983112983137983157983148983145983150983143 983108983145983155983156983137983150983139983141983126983089 983101 983112983137983157983148983145983150983143 983123983152983141983141983140

983126983090 983101 983122983141983156983157983154983150983145983150983143 983123983152983141983141983140

983156983089 983101 983108983157983149983152983145983150983143 983124983145983149983141

983124983090 983101 983117983137983150983157983158983141983154 983124983145983149983141

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2657

DUMP TRUCK PRODUCTIVITY FACTORDUMP TRUCK PRODUCTIVITY FACTOR

BUCKET

CAPACITY

VESSELCONTAINMENT

NUMBER OFPASSES

PAYLOAD

BENCHCONDITION

LOADINGMETHOD

MATERIALCONDITION

PRODUCTIVITY

CYCLE-TIME

LOADINGTIME

SPEED

SPOTTIME

WAITINGTIME

HAULING amp

RETURN TIME

MATCHING

DISTANCE

LOADING TIMEPER-PASS

EXCAVATOR

OPERATOR SKILL

DT OPERATORSKILL

ROADCONDITION

DTCHARACTERISTIC

TRAFFICCONDITION

SPOT AREACONDITION

AVAILABLEPOWER

TIRE

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2757

General Haulage Unit ProductivityGeneral Haulage Unit Productivity

Haulage Cycle Components

Description+ Spot Time (1st Pass Delay)

+ Load Time

+ Haul Time

+ Turn and Dump Time

+ Return Time

+ Wait Delays (Repetitive)

Total Truck Cycle Time

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2857

Spot TimeManouver TimeSpot TimeManouver Time

Manuver di loading area Untuk mempercepat proses perlu

cukup untuk manuver

Rear Dump Trucks 15 ndash 40 seconds

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2957

Load TimeLoad Time

Waktu pemuatan

Mulai lsquobucket dumprsquo pertama sampai lsquobucketdumprsquo terakhir

- - -empty

Sering terganggu untuk pekerjaan lsquogeneralrsquo

ndash Faceslope Development

ndash Floor Clean-Up

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3057

Turn and Dump TimeTurn and Dump Time

Manuver amp dumping di disposal Raise and Descend Time for vessel

jalan dumping area yang buruk

Total Time asympasympasympasymp 100 minute

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3157

Wait Time Queuing TimeWait Time Queuing Time

Antri saat pemuatan Matching factor gt 1

Antri saat dumping umumnya untuk DT yangdumping di hoper atau disposal area sempit

sebagai bagian dari hauling time

Bisa dikurangi dengan perhitungan matchingfactor yang tepat

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3257

Travel TimeTravel Time

Can be loaded travel or empty travel

Either Method Requires Detailed ProfileInformation such as

ndash Distance ndash Grade Resistance

ndash Rolling Resistance

ndash Speed Limits

ndash Curve Locations and Radius Figures

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3357

The sum of

ndash Spot and wait time

ndash Load time

Truck Cycle TimeTruck Cycle Time

ndash All travel time

ndash Turn amp dump time plus all other fixed time

Number of cycles hour equals ndash Define production time per hour

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3457

Haul Truck Performance Optimization

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3557

Critical Operating ParametersCritical Operating Parameters

PayloadPayload Typical Rolling Resistance ValuesTypical Rolling Resistance Values

o ng es s anceo ng es s ance

Construction Methods andConstruction Methods andMaterialsMaterials

Road CharacteristicRoad Characteristic DrainageDrainage

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3657

Typical Rolling Resistance ValuesTypical Rolling Resistance ValuesTire Rolling

Penetration Resistance

Hard smooth stabilized surface roadway withoutpenetration under load maintained watered

0 2

Firm smooth rolling roadway with dirt or light surfacingflexing slightly under load maintained watered

12-1 3

Conditions

Dirt roadway rutted flexing under load little maintenanceno water 1-2 in (25-50 mm) tire penetration 1-2 5

Rutted dirt roadway soft under travel no maintenance nostabilization 4-6 in (100-150 mm) tire penetration

4-6 8

Loose sand or gravel 6+ 10

Soft muddy rutted roadway no maintenance 6-12 10-20

Snow packed - 45

Snow loose - 25

Rolling ResistanceRolling Resistance

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3757

Rolling Resistance 15 - 20

Asphalt Paved Road Well Maintained Unpaved RoadRolling Resistance 25~30 Rolling Resistance 35

Compacted maintained by MotorGrader but still soft on surface

Rolling ResistanceRolling Resistance

Soft not well maintained such asloading area

Rolling Resistance 50

Badly maintained not compacted

Rolling Resistance 80 Rolling Resistance 15~20

Not maintained at all Soft muddyNot for rigid dump trucks

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3857

bull ldquoOpenrdquo dimensionbull CBR 80 or greater crushed

Construction Methods andConstruction Methods and

MaterialsMaterials

bull Layers =lt 8 in (20 cm)bull Subbase 2 ft (06m) widerbull Repeated passes- -tracked

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3957

ndash Maximize Safety Speeds ndash Minimize Tire Wear ndash Minimize Spillage

Curve SuperelevationCurve Superelevation

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4057

Road WidthRoad Width

For mining with various of dump truck size follow the biggest dump truck

Dimensi lebar jalan 35 x lebar Dump Truck

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4157

Curve RadiusCurve Radius

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4257

Drainage ControlDrainage Control

Rapid removal of water

Adequate ditch capacity and incline

Crown appropriate for multiple-laneconstruction

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4357

Dump Truck Case StudyDump Truck Case Study

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4457

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4557

General Ripping InformationGeneral Ripping Information Ripper point Penetration ndash Key to Ripping Feasibility

Ripping Feasibility by Rock Type ndash Sedimentary Rocks ( sandstone shale limestone) ndash Feasible

ndash ndash

Questionable to Not Possible

Favorable Rock Characteristics for Ripping

ndash Stratified (Surface Cracking)

ndash Weathered ndash Laminated (Layered)

ndash Brittle

ndash Fractured

Ripping is More Technique than Science

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4657

Ripping Dozing TechniqueRipping Dozing Technique

Mengetahui arah lapisan kekerasanmaterial

Metode menumpuk material untukumpan excavator

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4757

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4857

Bench Height amp Bucket SizeRelationship

Bench HeightBench Height

1 Material height min 15 bucketheight minimum

2 Gravity Assistance needed

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4957

Wheel Loader Cycle Time FiguresWheel Loader Cycle Time Figures

Loader Type sec 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 40 42 44 46 48 50 52 54 56 58 60 62 64 66WA800

WA900

WA1200

Wheel Loader Application - V Cycle Loading

Digging Conditions Attention

= Easy 1) Cycle times are average figures and for diggable material only 2) Cycle times for standard attachments only

3) Hi-Lift specifications increase cycle times by approximately 2-3 seconds

= Average 4) Due to the many variables present at most job sites the preceding cycle

time figures are for planning purpose only and cannot be guaranteed

in any manner

= Severe

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5057

Wheel Loader ProductivityWheel Loader Productivity

Productivity Components

+ Truck Spot Time (1st Pass Delay)

+ Load Time (field cycle time data or estimates)

ndash Consider normal process delays such asbull Floor Clean-up

bull Face Development

bull Positioning etc

+ Wait for Trucks (if any)

Total Loading Tool Cycle Time per Truck

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5157

Wheel Loader ProductivityWheel Loader Productivity

Productivity Calculation

Production Minutes Hr (Job Efficiency Factor)

bull Operator efficiency amp motivation

bull Work organization

bull Management amp supervision

divide Loading Tool Cycle Time per Truck

Number of Trucks per Hour

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5257

Effects of OverloadingEffects of Overloading

1 Exceeds Rated Capacity

2 Machine Stability

3 Compromises Safety

4 Shortened Component Life

bull Boom Cracking

bull Hydraulic System

bull Tire Wear

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5357

Prinsip Pemuatan OptimalPrinsip Pemuatan Optimal

Waktu tunggu sekecil mungkin

Ideal Number of Passes = 3 ndash 5

(tidak ada frac12 bucket)

Kesesuaian dengan dump truck

ndash Loading Height ndash Reach

ndash Bucket Length

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5457

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5557

Fleet ProductivityFleet Productivity Total produksi material yang bisa tertransport per-

satuan waktu Satuan umum fleet productivity

Ritase alat angkutjam - =

HD785-5 = 42 bcmrit

PC1250 01 PC1250 02 PC2000 01475

630 - 700 Daily Daily Daily

700 - 800 506

800 - 900 330

900 - 1000 572

1000 - 1100 550

1100 - 1200 4181200 - 1300

1300 - 1400 462

1400 - 1500 Hujan Hujan Hujan

1500 - 1600 636

1600 - 1700 572

1700 - 1800 462

1800 - 1830 220Total per shift 4728

Rata2 perjam 4948

ExcavatorTarget BCMhr

Istirahat

Prestasi akhir fleet akan terlihat pada

performa alat angkut

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5657

Matching FactorMatching Factor

MF =Jml Excavator x CT DT

x x v x u

MF gt 1 DT antri

MF lt 1 Excavator nungguCommon practice MF = 09 - 1

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5757

Page 21: 2. Productivity_AED UT.pdf

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2157

Prinsip double side loading DT ngantri

Loading Double Side LoadingLoading Double Side Loading

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2257

Advantages of Double SideAdvantages of Double Side

LoadingLoading

Produktivitas fleet akan lebih tinggi Swing angle kecil cycle time loading

lebih cepat

Waktu tunggu manuver (wait to dump)shovel relatif kecil bahkan hampirtidak ada

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2357

Disadvantage of double sideDisadvantage of double side

loadingloading

Hauling cost lebih mahaldaripada loading cost

Dump truck mengantri lebihrugi daripada shovel nunggu

Double side loading yangmerupakan kelebihan shovel

mulai ditinggalkan

Penggunaan shovel akan

makin berkurang

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2457

Excavator Case StudyExcavator Case Study

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2557

KP = x x(n x ct) + JV1 + JV2 + t1+ t2

983115983120 983101 983120983154983151983140983157983139983156983145983158983145983156983161983107 983101 983120983154983151983140983157983139983156983145983151983150 983152983141983154 983124983154983145983152

983109 983101 983114983151983138 983109983142983142983145983139983145983141983150983139983161

983150 983101 983114983157983149983148983137983144 983120983144983137983155983141

983139983156 983101 983107983161983139983148983141 983124983145983149983141 983116983151983137983140983141983154

983114 983101 983112983137983157983148983145983150983143 983108983145983155983156983137983150983139983141983126983089 983101 983112983137983157983148983145983150983143 983123983152983141983141983140

983126983090 983101 983122983141983156983157983154983150983145983150983143 983123983152983141983141983140

983156983089 983101 983108983157983149983152983145983150983143 983124983145983149983141

983124983090 983101 983117983137983150983157983158983141983154 983124983145983149983141

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2657

DUMP TRUCK PRODUCTIVITY FACTORDUMP TRUCK PRODUCTIVITY FACTOR

BUCKET

CAPACITY

VESSELCONTAINMENT

NUMBER OFPASSES

PAYLOAD

BENCHCONDITION

LOADINGMETHOD

MATERIALCONDITION

PRODUCTIVITY

CYCLE-TIME

LOADINGTIME

SPEED

SPOTTIME

WAITINGTIME

HAULING amp

RETURN TIME

MATCHING

DISTANCE

LOADING TIMEPER-PASS

EXCAVATOR

OPERATOR SKILL

DT OPERATORSKILL

ROADCONDITION

DTCHARACTERISTIC

TRAFFICCONDITION

SPOT AREACONDITION

AVAILABLEPOWER

TIRE

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2757

General Haulage Unit ProductivityGeneral Haulage Unit Productivity

Haulage Cycle Components

Description+ Spot Time (1st Pass Delay)

+ Load Time

+ Haul Time

+ Turn and Dump Time

+ Return Time

+ Wait Delays (Repetitive)

Total Truck Cycle Time

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2857

Spot TimeManouver TimeSpot TimeManouver Time

Manuver di loading area Untuk mempercepat proses perlu

cukup untuk manuver

Rear Dump Trucks 15 ndash 40 seconds

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2957

Load TimeLoad Time

Waktu pemuatan

Mulai lsquobucket dumprsquo pertama sampai lsquobucketdumprsquo terakhir

- - -empty

Sering terganggu untuk pekerjaan lsquogeneralrsquo

ndash Faceslope Development

ndash Floor Clean-Up

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3057

Turn and Dump TimeTurn and Dump Time

Manuver amp dumping di disposal Raise and Descend Time for vessel

jalan dumping area yang buruk

Total Time asympasympasympasymp 100 minute

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3157

Wait Time Queuing TimeWait Time Queuing Time

Antri saat pemuatan Matching factor gt 1

Antri saat dumping umumnya untuk DT yangdumping di hoper atau disposal area sempit

sebagai bagian dari hauling time

Bisa dikurangi dengan perhitungan matchingfactor yang tepat

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3257

Travel TimeTravel Time

Can be loaded travel or empty travel

Either Method Requires Detailed ProfileInformation such as

ndash Distance ndash Grade Resistance

ndash Rolling Resistance

ndash Speed Limits

ndash Curve Locations and Radius Figures

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3357

The sum of

ndash Spot and wait time

ndash Load time

Truck Cycle TimeTruck Cycle Time

ndash All travel time

ndash Turn amp dump time plus all other fixed time

Number of cycles hour equals ndash Define production time per hour

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3457

Haul Truck Performance Optimization

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3557

Critical Operating ParametersCritical Operating Parameters

PayloadPayload Typical Rolling Resistance ValuesTypical Rolling Resistance Values

o ng es s anceo ng es s ance

Construction Methods andConstruction Methods andMaterialsMaterials

Road CharacteristicRoad Characteristic DrainageDrainage

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3657

Typical Rolling Resistance ValuesTypical Rolling Resistance ValuesTire Rolling

Penetration Resistance

Hard smooth stabilized surface roadway withoutpenetration under load maintained watered

0 2

Firm smooth rolling roadway with dirt or light surfacingflexing slightly under load maintained watered

12-1 3

Conditions

Dirt roadway rutted flexing under load little maintenanceno water 1-2 in (25-50 mm) tire penetration 1-2 5

Rutted dirt roadway soft under travel no maintenance nostabilization 4-6 in (100-150 mm) tire penetration

4-6 8

Loose sand or gravel 6+ 10

Soft muddy rutted roadway no maintenance 6-12 10-20

Snow packed - 45

Snow loose - 25

Rolling ResistanceRolling Resistance

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3757

Rolling Resistance 15 - 20

Asphalt Paved Road Well Maintained Unpaved RoadRolling Resistance 25~30 Rolling Resistance 35

Compacted maintained by MotorGrader but still soft on surface

Rolling ResistanceRolling Resistance

Soft not well maintained such asloading area

Rolling Resistance 50

Badly maintained not compacted

Rolling Resistance 80 Rolling Resistance 15~20

Not maintained at all Soft muddyNot for rigid dump trucks

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3857

bull ldquoOpenrdquo dimensionbull CBR 80 or greater crushed

Construction Methods andConstruction Methods and

MaterialsMaterials

bull Layers =lt 8 in (20 cm)bull Subbase 2 ft (06m) widerbull Repeated passes- -tracked

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3957

ndash Maximize Safety Speeds ndash Minimize Tire Wear ndash Minimize Spillage

Curve SuperelevationCurve Superelevation

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4057

Road WidthRoad Width

For mining with various of dump truck size follow the biggest dump truck

Dimensi lebar jalan 35 x lebar Dump Truck

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4157

Curve RadiusCurve Radius

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4257

Drainage ControlDrainage Control

Rapid removal of water

Adequate ditch capacity and incline

Crown appropriate for multiple-laneconstruction

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4357

Dump Truck Case StudyDump Truck Case Study

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4457

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4557

General Ripping InformationGeneral Ripping Information Ripper point Penetration ndash Key to Ripping Feasibility

Ripping Feasibility by Rock Type ndash Sedimentary Rocks ( sandstone shale limestone) ndash Feasible

ndash ndash

Questionable to Not Possible

Favorable Rock Characteristics for Ripping

ndash Stratified (Surface Cracking)

ndash Weathered ndash Laminated (Layered)

ndash Brittle

ndash Fractured

Ripping is More Technique than Science

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4657

Ripping Dozing TechniqueRipping Dozing Technique

Mengetahui arah lapisan kekerasanmaterial

Metode menumpuk material untukumpan excavator

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4757

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4857

Bench Height amp Bucket SizeRelationship

Bench HeightBench Height

1 Material height min 15 bucketheight minimum

2 Gravity Assistance needed

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4957

Wheel Loader Cycle Time FiguresWheel Loader Cycle Time Figures

Loader Type sec 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 40 42 44 46 48 50 52 54 56 58 60 62 64 66WA800

WA900

WA1200

Wheel Loader Application - V Cycle Loading

Digging Conditions Attention

= Easy 1) Cycle times are average figures and for diggable material only 2) Cycle times for standard attachments only

3) Hi-Lift specifications increase cycle times by approximately 2-3 seconds

= Average 4) Due to the many variables present at most job sites the preceding cycle

time figures are for planning purpose only and cannot be guaranteed

in any manner

= Severe

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5057

Wheel Loader ProductivityWheel Loader Productivity

Productivity Components

+ Truck Spot Time (1st Pass Delay)

+ Load Time (field cycle time data or estimates)

ndash Consider normal process delays such asbull Floor Clean-up

bull Face Development

bull Positioning etc

+ Wait for Trucks (if any)

Total Loading Tool Cycle Time per Truck

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5157

Wheel Loader ProductivityWheel Loader Productivity

Productivity Calculation

Production Minutes Hr (Job Efficiency Factor)

bull Operator efficiency amp motivation

bull Work organization

bull Management amp supervision

divide Loading Tool Cycle Time per Truck

Number of Trucks per Hour

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5257

Effects of OverloadingEffects of Overloading

1 Exceeds Rated Capacity

2 Machine Stability

3 Compromises Safety

4 Shortened Component Life

bull Boom Cracking

bull Hydraulic System

bull Tire Wear

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5357

Prinsip Pemuatan OptimalPrinsip Pemuatan Optimal

Waktu tunggu sekecil mungkin

Ideal Number of Passes = 3 ndash 5

(tidak ada frac12 bucket)

Kesesuaian dengan dump truck

ndash Loading Height ndash Reach

ndash Bucket Length

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5457

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5557

Fleet ProductivityFleet Productivity Total produksi material yang bisa tertransport per-

satuan waktu Satuan umum fleet productivity

Ritase alat angkutjam - =

HD785-5 = 42 bcmrit

PC1250 01 PC1250 02 PC2000 01475

630 - 700 Daily Daily Daily

700 - 800 506

800 - 900 330

900 - 1000 572

1000 - 1100 550

1100 - 1200 4181200 - 1300

1300 - 1400 462

1400 - 1500 Hujan Hujan Hujan

1500 - 1600 636

1600 - 1700 572

1700 - 1800 462

1800 - 1830 220Total per shift 4728

Rata2 perjam 4948

ExcavatorTarget BCMhr

Istirahat

Prestasi akhir fleet akan terlihat pada

performa alat angkut

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5657

Matching FactorMatching Factor

MF =Jml Excavator x CT DT

x x v x u

MF gt 1 DT antri

MF lt 1 Excavator nungguCommon practice MF = 09 - 1

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5757

Page 22: 2. Productivity_AED UT.pdf

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2257

Advantages of Double SideAdvantages of Double Side

LoadingLoading

Produktivitas fleet akan lebih tinggi Swing angle kecil cycle time loading

lebih cepat

Waktu tunggu manuver (wait to dump)shovel relatif kecil bahkan hampirtidak ada

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2357

Disadvantage of double sideDisadvantage of double side

loadingloading

Hauling cost lebih mahaldaripada loading cost

Dump truck mengantri lebihrugi daripada shovel nunggu

Double side loading yangmerupakan kelebihan shovel

mulai ditinggalkan

Penggunaan shovel akan

makin berkurang

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2457

Excavator Case StudyExcavator Case Study

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2557

KP = x x(n x ct) + JV1 + JV2 + t1+ t2

983115983120 983101 983120983154983151983140983157983139983156983145983158983145983156983161983107 983101 983120983154983151983140983157983139983156983145983151983150 983152983141983154 983124983154983145983152

983109 983101 983114983151983138 983109983142983142983145983139983145983141983150983139983161

983150 983101 983114983157983149983148983137983144 983120983144983137983155983141

983139983156 983101 983107983161983139983148983141 983124983145983149983141 983116983151983137983140983141983154

983114 983101 983112983137983157983148983145983150983143 983108983145983155983156983137983150983139983141983126983089 983101 983112983137983157983148983145983150983143 983123983152983141983141983140

983126983090 983101 983122983141983156983157983154983150983145983150983143 983123983152983141983141983140

983156983089 983101 983108983157983149983152983145983150983143 983124983145983149983141

983124983090 983101 983117983137983150983157983158983141983154 983124983145983149983141

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2657

DUMP TRUCK PRODUCTIVITY FACTORDUMP TRUCK PRODUCTIVITY FACTOR

BUCKET

CAPACITY

VESSELCONTAINMENT

NUMBER OFPASSES

PAYLOAD

BENCHCONDITION

LOADINGMETHOD

MATERIALCONDITION

PRODUCTIVITY

CYCLE-TIME

LOADINGTIME

SPEED

SPOTTIME

WAITINGTIME

HAULING amp

RETURN TIME

MATCHING

DISTANCE

LOADING TIMEPER-PASS

EXCAVATOR

OPERATOR SKILL

DT OPERATORSKILL

ROADCONDITION

DTCHARACTERISTIC

TRAFFICCONDITION

SPOT AREACONDITION

AVAILABLEPOWER

TIRE

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2757

General Haulage Unit ProductivityGeneral Haulage Unit Productivity

Haulage Cycle Components

Description+ Spot Time (1st Pass Delay)

+ Load Time

+ Haul Time

+ Turn and Dump Time

+ Return Time

+ Wait Delays (Repetitive)

Total Truck Cycle Time

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2857

Spot TimeManouver TimeSpot TimeManouver Time

Manuver di loading area Untuk mempercepat proses perlu

cukup untuk manuver

Rear Dump Trucks 15 ndash 40 seconds

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2957

Load TimeLoad Time

Waktu pemuatan

Mulai lsquobucket dumprsquo pertama sampai lsquobucketdumprsquo terakhir

- - -empty

Sering terganggu untuk pekerjaan lsquogeneralrsquo

ndash Faceslope Development

ndash Floor Clean-Up

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3057

Turn and Dump TimeTurn and Dump Time

Manuver amp dumping di disposal Raise and Descend Time for vessel

jalan dumping area yang buruk

Total Time asympasympasympasymp 100 minute

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3157

Wait Time Queuing TimeWait Time Queuing Time

Antri saat pemuatan Matching factor gt 1

Antri saat dumping umumnya untuk DT yangdumping di hoper atau disposal area sempit

sebagai bagian dari hauling time

Bisa dikurangi dengan perhitungan matchingfactor yang tepat

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3257

Travel TimeTravel Time

Can be loaded travel or empty travel

Either Method Requires Detailed ProfileInformation such as

ndash Distance ndash Grade Resistance

ndash Rolling Resistance

ndash Speed Limits

ndash Curve Locations and Radius Figures

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3357

The sum of

ndash Spot and wait time

ndash Load time

Truck Cycle TimeTruck Cycle Time

ndash All travel time

ndash Turn amp dump time plus all other fixed time

Number of cycles hour equals ndash Define production time per hour

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3457

Haul Truck Performance Optimization

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3557

Critical Operating ParametersCritical Operating Parameters

PayloadPayload Typical Rolling Resistance ValuesTypical Rolling Resistance Values

o ng es s anceo ng es s ance

Construction Methods andConstruction Methods andMaterialsMaterials

Road CharacteristicRoad Characteristic DrainageDrainage

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3657

Typical Rolling Resistance ValuesTypical Rolling Resistance ValuesTire Rolling

Penetration Resistance

Hard smooth stabilized surface roadway withoutpenetration under load maintained watered

0 2

Firm smooth rolling roadway with dirt or light surfacingflexing slightly under load maintained watered

12-1 3

Conditions

Dirt roadway rutted flexing under load little maintenanceno water 1-2 in (25-50 mm) tire penetration 1-2 5

Rutted dirt roadway soft under travel no maintenance nostabilization 4-6 in (100-150 mm) tire penetration

4-6 8

Loose sand or gravel 6+ 10

Soft muddy rutted roadway no maintenance 6-12 10-20

Snow packed - 45

Snow loose - 25

Rolling ResistanceRolling Resistance

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3757

Rolling Resistance 15 - 20

Asphalt Paved Road Well Maintained Unpaved RoadRolling Resistance 25~30 Rolling Resistance 35

Compacted maintained by MotorGrader but still soft on surface

Rolling ResistanceRolling Resistance

Soft not well maintained such asloading area

Rolling Resistance 50

Badly maintained not compacted

Rolling Resistance 80 Rolling Resistance 15~20

Not maintained at all Soft muddyNot for rigid dump trucks

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3857

bull ldquoOpenrdquo dimensionbull CBR 80 or greater crushed

Construction Methods andConstruction Methods and

MaterialsMaterials

bull Layers =lt 8 in (20 cm)bull Subbase 2 ft (06m) widerbull Repeated passes- -tracked

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3957

ndash Maximize Safety Speeds ndash Minimize Tire Wear ndash Minimize Spillage

Curve SuperelevationCurve Superelevation

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4057

Road WidthRoad Width

For mining with various of dump truck size follow the biggest dump truck

Dimensi lebar jalan 35 x lebar Dump Truck

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4157

Curve RadiusCurve Radius

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4257

Drainage ControlDrainage Control

Rapid removal of water

Adequate ditch capacity and incline

Crown appropriate for multiple-laneconstruction

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4357

Dump Truck Case StudyDump Truck Case Study

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4457

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4557

General Ripping InformationGeneral Ripping Information Ripper point Penetration ndash Key to Ripping Feasibility

Ripping Feasibility by Rock Type ndash Sedimentary Rocks ( sandstone shale limestone) ndash Feasible

ndash ndash

Questionable to Not Possible

Favorable Rock Characteristics for Ripping

ndash Stratified (Surface Cracking)

ndash Weathered ndash Laminated (Layered)

ndash Brittle

ndash Fractured

Ripping is More Technique than Science

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4657

Ripping Dozing TechniqueRipping Dozing Technique

Mengetahui arah lapisan kekerasanmaterial

Metode menumpuk material untukumpan excavator

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4757

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4857

Bench Height amp Bucket SizeRelationship

Bench HeightBench Height

1 Material height min 15 bucketheight minimum

2 Gravity Assistance needed

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4957

Wheel Loader Cycle Time FiguresWheel Loader Cycle Time Figures

Loader Type sec 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 40 42 44 46 48 50 52 54 56 58 60 62 64 66WA800

WA900

WA1200

Wheel Loader Application - V Cycle Loading

Digging Conditions Attention

= Easy 1) Cycle times are average figures and for diggable material only 2) Cycle times for standard attachments only

3) Hi-Lift specifications increase cycle times by approximately 2-3 seconds

= Average 4) Due to the many variables present at most job sites the preceding cycle

time figures are for planning purpose only and cannot be guaranteed

in any manner

= Severe

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5057

Wheel Loader ProductivityWheel Loader Productivity

Productivity Components

+ Truck Spot Time (1st Pass Delay)

+ Load Time (field cycle time data or estimates)

ndash Consider normal process delays such asbull Floor Clean-up

bull Face Development

bull Positioning etc

+ Wait for Trucks (if any)

Total Loading Tool Cycle Time per Truck

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5157

Wheel Loader ProductivityWheel Loader Productivity

Productivity Calculation

Production Minutes Hr (Job Efficiency Factor)

bull Operator efficiency amp motivation

bull Work organization

bull Management amp supervision

divide Loading Tool Cycle Time per Truck

Number of Trucks per Hour

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5257

Effects of OverloadingEffects of Overloading

1 Exceeds Rated Capacity

2 Machine Stability

3 Compromises Safety

4 Shortened Component Life

bull Boom Cracking

bull Hydraulic System

bull Tire Wear

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5357

Prinsip Pemuatan OptimalPrinsip Pemuatan Optimal

Waktu tunggu sekecil mungkin

Ideal Number of Passes = 3 ndash 5

(tidak ada frac12 bucket)

Kesesuaian dengan dump truck

ndash Loading Height ndash Reach

ndash Bucket Length

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5457

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5557

Fleet ProductivityFleet Productivity Total produksi material yang bisa tertransport per-

satuan waktu Satuan umum fleet productivity

Ritase alat angkutjam - =

HD785-5 = 42 bcmrit

PC1250 01 PC1250 02 PC2000 01475

630 - 700 Daily Daily Daily

700 - 800 506

800 - 900 330

900 - 1000 572

1000 - 1100 550

1100 - 1200 4181200 - 1300

1300 - 1400 462

1400 - 1500 Hujan Hujan Hujan

1500 - 1600 636

1600 - 1700 572

1700 - 1800 462

1800 - 1830 220Total per shift 4728

Rata2 perjam 4948

ExcavatorTarget BCMhr

Istirahat

Prestasi akhir fleet akan terlihat pada

performa alat angkut

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5657

Matching FactorMatching Factor

MF =Jml Excavator x CT DT

x x v x u

MF gt 1 DT antri

MF lt 1 Excavator nungguCommon practice MF = 09 - 1

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5757

Page 23: 2. Productivity_AED UT.pdf

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2357

Disadvantage of double sideDisadvantage of double side

loadingloading

Hauling cost lebih mahaldaripada loading cost

Dump truck mengantri lebihrugi daripada shovel nunggu

Double side loading yangmerupakan kelebihan shovel

mulai ditinggalkan

Penggunaan shovel akan

makin berkurang

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2457

Excavator Case StudyExcavator Case Study

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2557

KP = x x(n x ct) + JV1 + JV2 + t1+ t2

983115983120 983101 983120983154983151983140983157983139983156983145983158983145983156983161983107 983101 983120983154983151983140983157983139983156983145983151983150 983152983141983154 983124983154983145983152

983109 983101 983114983151983138 983109983142983142983145983139983145983141983150983139983161

983150 983101 983114983157983149983148983137983144 983120983144983137983155983141

983139983156 983101 983107983161983139983148983141 983124983145983149983141 983116983151983137983140983141983154

983114 983101 983112983137983157983148983145983150983143 983108983145983155983156983137983150983139983141983126983089 983101 983112983137983157983148983145983150983143 983123983152983141983141983140

983126983090 983101 983122983141983156983157983154983150983145983150983143 983123983152983141983141983140

983156983089 983101 983108983157983149983152983145983150983143 983124983145983149983141

983124983090 983101 983117983137983150983157983158983141983154 983124983145983149983141

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2657

DUMP TRUCK PRODUCTIVITY FACTORDUMP TRUCK PRODUCTIVITY FACTOR

BUCKET

CAPACITY

VESSELCONTAINMENT

NUMBER OFPASSES

PAYLOAD

BENCHCONDITION

LOADINGMETHOD

MATERIALCONDITION

PRODUCTIVITY

CYCLE-TIME

LOADINGTIME

SPEED

SPOTTIME

WAITINGTIME

HAULING amp

RETURN TIME

MATCHING

DISTANCE

LOADING TIMEPER-PASS

EXCAVATOR

OPERATOR SKILL

DT OPERATORSKILL

ROADCONDITION

DTCHARACTERISTIC

TRAFFICCONDITION

SPOT AREACONDITION

AVAILABLEPOWER

TIRE

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2757

General Haulage Unit ProductivityGeneral Haulage Unit Productivity

Haulage Cycle Components

Description+ Spot Time (1st Pass Delay)

+ Load Time

+ Haul Time

+ Turn and Dump Time

+ Return Time

+ Wait Delays (Repetitive)

Total Truck Cycle Time

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2857

Spot TimeManouver TimeSpot TimeManouver Time

Manuver di loading area Untuk mempercepat proses perlu

cukup untuk manuver

Rear Dump Trucks 15 ndash 40 seconds

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2957

Load TimeLoad Time

Waktu pemuatan

Mulai lsquobucket dumprsquo pertama sampai lsquobucketdumprsquo terakhir

- - -empty

Sering terganggu untuk pekerjaan lsquogeneralrsquo

ndash Faceslope Development

ndash Floor Clean-Up

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3057

Turn and Dump TimeTurn and Dump Time

Manuver amp dumping di disposal Raise and Descend Time for vessel

jalan dumping area yang buruk

Total Time asympasympasympasymp 100 minute

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3157

Wait Time Queuing TimeWait Time Queuing Time

Antri saat pemuatan Matching factor gt 1

Antri saat dumping umumnya untuk DT yangdumping di hoper atau disposal area sempit

sebagai bagian dari hauling time

Bisa dikurangi dengan perhitungan matchingfactor yang tepat

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3257

Travel TimeTravel Time

Can be loaded travel or empty travel

Either Method Requires Detailed ProfileInformation such as

ndash Distance ndash Grade Resistance

ndash Rolling Resistance

ndash Speed Limits

ndash Curve Locations and Radius Figures

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3357

The sum of

ndash Spot and wait time

ndash Load time

Truck Cycle TimeTruck Cycle Time

ndash All travel time

ndash Turn amp dump time plus all other fixed time

Number of cycles hour equals ndash Define production time per hour

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3457

Haul Truck Performance Optimization

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3557

Critical Operating ParametersCritical Operating Parameters

PayloadPayload Typical Rolling Resistance ValuesTypical Rolling Resistance Values

o ng es s anceo ng es s ance

Construction Methods andConstruction Methods andMaterialsMaterials

Road CharacteristicRoad Characteristic DrainageDrainage

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3657

Typical Rolling Resistance ValuesTypical Rolling Resistance ValuesTire Rolling

Penetration Resistance

Hard smooth stabilized surface roadway withoutpenetration under load maintained watered

0 2

Firm smooth rolling roadway with dirt or light surfacingflexing slightly under load maintained watered

12-1 3

Conditions

Dirt roadway rutted flexing under load little maintenanceno water 1-2 in (25-50 mm) tire penetration 1-2 5

Rutted dirt roadway soft under travel no maintenance nostabilization 4-6 in (100-150 mm) tire penetration

4-6 8

Loose sand or gravel 6+ 10

Soft muddy rutted roadway no maintenance 6-12 10-20

Snow packed - 45

Snow loose - 25

Rolling ResistanceRolling Resistance

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3757

Rolling Resistance 15 - 20

Asphalt Paved Road Well Maintained Unpaved RoadRolling Resistance 25~30 Rolling Resistance 35

Compacted maintained by MotorGrader but still soft on surface

Rolling ResistanceRolling Resistance

Soft not well maintained such asloading area

Rolling Resistance 50

Badly maintained not compacted

Rolling Resistance 80 Rolling Resistance 15~20

Not maintained at all Soft muddyNot for rigid dump trucks

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3857

bull ldquoOpenrdquo dimensionbull CBR 80 or greater crushed

Construction Methods andConstruction Methods and

MaterialsMaterials

bull Layers =lt 8 in (20 cm)bull Subbase 2 ft (06m) widerbull Repeated passes- -tracked

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3957

ndash Maximize Safety Speeds ndash Minimize Tire Wear ndash Minimize Spillage

Curve SuperelevationCurve Superelevation

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4057

Road WidthRoad Width

For mining with various of dump truck size follow the biggest dump truck

Dimensi lebar jalan 35 x lebar Dump Truck

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4157

Curve RadiusCurve Radius

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4257

Drainage ControlDrainage Control

Rapid removal of water

Adequate ditch capacity and incline

Crown appropriate for multiple-laneconstruction

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4357

Dump Truck Case StudyDump Truck Case Study

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4457

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4557

General Ripping InformationGeneral Ripping Information Ripper point Penetration ndash Key to Ripping Feasibility

Ripping Feasibility by Rock Type ndash Sedimentary Rocks ( sandstone shale limestone) ndash Feasible

ndash ndash

Questionable to Not Possible

Favorable Rock Characteristics for Ripping

ndash Stratified (Surface Cracking)

ndash Weathered ndash Laminated (Layered)

ndash Brittle

ndash Fractured

Ripping is More Technique than Science

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4657

Ripping Dozing TechniqueRipping Dozing Technique

Mengetahui arah lapisan kekerasanmaterial

Metode menumpuk material untukumpan excavator

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4757

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4857

Bench Height amp Bucket SizeRelationship

Bench HeightBench Height

1 Material height min 15 bucketheight minimum

2 Gravity Assistance needed

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4957

Wheel Loader Cycle Time FiguresWheel Loader Cycle Time Figures

Loader Type sec 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 40 42 44 46 48 50 52 54 56 58 60 62 64 66WA800

WA900

WA1200

Wheel Loader Application - V Cycle Loading

Digging Conditions Attention

= Easy 1) Cycle times are average figures and for diggable material only 2) Cycle times for standard attachments only

3) Hi-Lift specifications increase cycle times by approximately 2-3 seconds

= Average 4) Due to the many variables present at most job sites the preceding cycle

time figures are for planning purpose only and cannot be guaranteed

in any manner

= Severe

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5057

Wheel Loader ProductivityWheel Loader Productivity

Productivity Components

+ Truck Spot Time (1st Pass Delay)

+ Load Time (field cycle time data or estimates)

ndash Consider normal process delays such asbull Floor Clean-up

bull Face Development

bull Positioning etc

+ Wait for Trucks (if any)

Total Loading Tool Cycle Time per Truck

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5157

Wheel Loader ProductivityWheel Loader Productivity

Productivity Calculation

Production Minutes Hr (Job Efficiency Factor)

bull Operator efficiency amp motivation

bull Work organization

bull Management amp supervision

divide Loading Tool Cycle Time per Truck

Number of Trucks per Hour

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5257

Effects of OverloadingEffects of Overloading

1 Exceeds Rated Capacity

2 Machine Stability

3 Compromises Safety

4 Shortened Component Life

bull Boom Cracking

bull Hydraulic System

bull Tire Wear

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5357

Prinsip Pemuatan OptimalPrinsip Pemuatan Optimal

Waktu tunggu sekecil mungkin

Ideal Number of Passes = 3 ndash 5

(tidak ada frac12 bucket)

Kesesuaian dengan dump truck

ndash Loading Height ndash Reach

ndash Bucket Length

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5457

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5557

Fleet ProductivityFleet Productivity Total produksi material yang bisa tertransport per-

satuan waktu Satuan umum fleet productivity

Ritase alat angkutjam - =

HD785-5 = 42 bcmrit

PC1250 01 PC1250 02 PC2000 01475

630 - 700 Daily Daily Daily

700 - 800 506

800 - 900 330

900 - 1000 572

1000 - 1100 550

1100 - 1200 4181200 - 1300

1300 - 1400 462

1400 - 1500 Hujan Hujan Hujan

1500 - 1600 636

1600 - 1700 572

1700 - 1800 462

1800 - 1830 220Total per shift 4728

Rata2 perjam 4948

ExcavatorTarget BCMhr

Istirahat

Prestasi akhir fleet akan terlihat pada

performa alat angkut

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5657

Matching FactorMatching Factor

MF =Jml Excavator x CT DT

x x v x u

MF gt 1 DT antri

MF lt 1 Excavator nungguCommon practice MF = 09 - 1

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5757

Page 24: 2. Productivity_AED UT.pdf

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2457

Excavator Case StudyExcavator Case Study

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2557

KP = x x(n x ct) + JV1 + JV2 + t1+ t2

983115983120 983101 983120983154983151983140983157983139983156983145983158983145983156983161983107 983101 983120983154983151983140983157983139983156983145983151983150 983152983141983154 983124983154983145983152

983109 983101 983114983151983138 983109983142983142983145983139983145983141983150983139983161

983150 983101 983114983157983149983148983137983144 983120983144983137983155983141

983139983156 983101 983107983161983139983148983141 983124983145983149983141 983116983151983137983140983141983154

983114 983101 983112983137983157983148983145983150983143 983108983145983155983156983137983150983139983141983126983089 983101 983112983137983157983148983145983150983143 983123983152983141983141983140

983126983090 983101 983122983141983156983157983154983150983145983150983143 983123983152983141983141983140

983156983089 983101 983108983157983149983152983145983150983143 983124983145983149983141

983124983090 983101 983117983137983150983157983158983141983154 983124983145983149983141

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2657

DUMP TRUCK PRODUCTIVITY FACTORDUMP TRUCK PRODUCTIVITY FACTOR

BUCKET

CAPACITY

VESSELCONTAINMENT

NUMBER OFPASSES

PAYLOAD

BENCHCONDITION

LOADINGMETHOD

MATERIALCONDITION

PRODUCTIVITY

CYCLE-TIME

LOADINGTIME

SPEED

SPOTTIME

WAITINGTIME

HAULING amp

RETURN TIME

MATCHING

DISTANCE

LOADING TIMEPER-PASS

EXCAVATOR

OPERATOR SKILL

DT OPERATORSKILL

ROADCONDITION

DTCHARACTERISTIC

TRAFFICCONDITION

SPOT AREACONDITION

AVAILABLEPOWER

TIRE

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2757

General Haulage Unit ProductivityGeneral Haulage Unit Productivity

Haulage Cycle Components

Description+ Spot Time (1st Pass Delay)

+ Load Time

+ Haul Time

+ Turn and Dump Time

+ Return Time

+ Wait Delays (Repetitive)

Total Truck Cycle Time

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2857

Spot TimeManouver TimeSpot TimeManouver Time

Manuver di loading area Untuk mempercepat proses perlu

cukup untuk manuver

Rear Dump Trucks 15 ndash 40 seconds

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2957

Load TimeLoad Time

Waktu pemuatan

Mulai lsquobucket dumprsquo pertama sampai lsquobucketdumprsquo terakhir

- - -empty

Sering terganggu untuk pekerjaan lsquogeneralrsquo

ndash Faceslope Development

ndash Floor Clean-Up

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3057

Turn and Dump TimeTurn and Dump Time

Manuver amp dumping di disposal Raise and Descend Time for vessel

jalan dumping area yang buruk

Total Time asympasympasympasymp 100 minute

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3157

Wait Time Queuing TimeWait Time Queuing Time

Antri saat pemuatan Matching factor gt 1

Antri saat dumping umumnya untuk DT yangdumping di hoper atau disposal area sempit

sebagai bagian dari hauling time

Bisa dikurangi dengan perhitungan matchingfactor yang tepat

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3257

Travel TimeTravel Time

Can be loaded travel or empty travel

Either Method Requires Detailed ProfileInformation such as

ndash Distance ndash Grade Resistance

ndash Rolling Resistance

ndash Speed Limits

ndash Curve Locations and Radius Figures

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3357

The sum of

ndash Spot and wait time

ndash Load time

Truck Cycle TimeTruck Cycle Time

ndash All travel time

ndash Turn amp dump time plus all other fixed time

Number of cycles hour equals ndash Define production time per hour

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3457

Haul Truck Performance Optimization

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3557

Critical Operating ParametersCritical Operating Parameters

PayloadPayload Typical Rolling Resistance ValuesTypical Rolling Resistance Values

o ng es s anceo ng es s ance

Construction Methods andConstruction Methods andMaterialsMaterials

Road CharacteristicRoad Characteristic DrainageDrainage

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3657

Typical Rolling Resistance ValuesTypical Rolling Resistance ValuesTire Rolling

Penetration Resistance

Hard smooth stabilized surface roadway withoutpenetration under load maintained watered

0 2

Firm smooth rolling roadway with dirt or light surfacingflexing slightly under load maintained watered

12-1 3

Conditions

Dirt roadway rutted flexing under load little maintenanceno water 1-2 in (25-50 mm) tire penetration 1-2 5

Rutted dirt roadway soft under travel no maintenance nostabilization 4-6 in (100-150 mm) tire penetration

4-6 8

Loose sand or gravel 6+ 10

Soft muddy rutted roadway no maintenance 6-12 10-20

Snow packed - 45

Snow loose - 25

Rolling ResistanceRolling Resistance

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3757

Rolling Resistance 15 - 20

Asphalt Paved Road Well Maintained Unpaved RoadRolling Resistance 25~30 Rolling Resistance 35

Compacted maintained by MotorGrader but still soft on surface

Rolling ResistanceRolling Resistance

Soft not well maintained such asloading area

Rolling Resistance 50

Badly maintained not compacted

Rolling Resistance 80 Rolling Resistance 15~20

Not maintained at all Soft muddyNot for rigid dump trucks

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3857

bull ldquoOpenrdquo dimensionbull CBR 80 or greater crushed

Construction Methods andConstruction Methods and

MaterialsMaterials

bull Layers =lt 8 in (20 cm)bull Subbase 2 ft (06m) widerbull Repeated passes- -tracked

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3957

ndash Maximize Safety Speeds ndash Minimize Tire Wear ndash Minimize Spillage

Curve SuperelevationCurve Superelevation

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4057

Road WidthRoad Width

For mining with various of dump truck size follow the biggest dump truck

Dimensi lebar jalan 35 x lebar Dump Truck

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4157

Curve RadiusCurve Radius

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4257

Drainage ControlDrainage Control

Rapid removal of water

Adequate ditch capacity and incline

Crown appropriate for multiple-laneconstruction

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4357

Dump Truck Case StudyDump Truck Case Study

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4457

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4557

General Ripping InformationGeneral Ripping Information Ripper point Penetration ndash Key to Ripping Feasibility

Ripping Feasibility by Rock Type ndash Sedimentary Rocks ( sandstone shale limestone) ndash Feasible

ndash ndash

Questionable to Not Possible

Favorable Rock Characteristics for Ripping

ndash Stratified (Surface Cracking)

ndash Weathered ndash Laminated (Layered)

ndash Brittle

ndash Fractured

Ripping is More Technique than Science

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4657

Ripping Dozing TechniqueRipping Dozing Technique

Mengetahui arah lapisan kekerasanmaterial

Metode menumpuk material untukumpan excavator

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4757

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4857

Bench Height amp Bucket SizeRelationship

Bench HeightBench Height

1 Material height min 15 bucketheight minimum

2 Gravity Assistance needed

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4957

Wheel Loader Cycle Time FiguresWheel Loader Cycle Time Figures

Loader Type sec 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 40 42 44 46 48 50 52 54 56 58 60 62 64 66WA800

WA900

WA1200

Wheel Loader Application - V Cycle Loading

Digging Conditions Attention

= Easy 1) Cycle times are average figures and for diggable material only 2) Cycle times for standard attachments only

3) Hi-Lift specifications increase cycle times by approximately 2-3 seconds

= Average 4) Due to the many variables present at most job sites the preceding cycle

time figures are for planning purpose only and cannot be guaranteed

in any manner

= Severe

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5057

Wheel Loader ProductivityWheel Loader Productivity

Productivity Components

+ Truck Spot Time (1st Pass Delay)

+ Load Time (field cycle time data or estimates)

ndash Consider normal process delays such asbull Floor Clean-up

bull Face Development

bull Positioning etc

+ Wait for Trucks (if any)

Total Loading Tool Cycle Time per Truck

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5157

Wheel Loader ProductivityWheel Loader Productivity

Productivity Calculation

Production Minutes Hr (Job Efficiency Factor)

bull Operator efficiency amp motivation

bull Work organization

bull Management amp supervision

divide Loading Tool Cycle Time per Truck

Number of Trucks per Hour

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5257

Effects of OverloadingEffects of Overloading

1 Exceeds Rated Capacity

2 Machine Stability

3 Compromises Safety

4 Shortened Component Life

bull Boom Cracking

bull Hydraulic System

bull Tire Wear

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5357

Prinsip Pemuatan OptimalPrinsip Pemuatan Optimal

Waktu tunggu sekecil mungkin

Ideal Number of Passes = 3 ndash 5

(tidak ada frac12 bucket)

Kesesuaian dengan dump truck

ndash Loading Height ndash Reach

ndash Bucket Length

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5457

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5557

Fleet ProductivityFleet Productivity Total produksi material yang bisa tertransport per-

satuan waktu Satuan umum fleet productivity

Ritase alat angkutjam - =

HD785-5 = 42 bcmrit

PC1250 01 PC1250 02 PC2000 01475

630 - 700 Daily Daily Daily

700 - 800 506

800 - 900 330

900 - 1000 572

1000 - 1100 550

1100 - 1200 4181200 - 1300

1300 - 1400 462

1400 - 1500 Hujan Hujan Hujan

1500 - 1600 636

1600 - 1700 572

1700 - 1800 462

1800 - 1830 220Total per shift 4728

Rata2 perjam 4948

ExcavatorTarget BCMhr

Istirahat

Prestasi akhir fleet akan terlihat pada

performa alat angkut

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5657

Matching FactorMatching Factor

MF =Jml Excavator x CT DT

x x v x u

MF gt 1 DT antri

MF lt 1 Excavator nungguCommon practice MF = 09 - 1

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5757

Page 25: 2. Productivity_AED UT.pdf

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2557

KP = x x(n x ct) + JV1 + JV2 + t1+ t2

983115983120 983101 983120983154983151983140983157983139983156983145983158983145983156983161983107 983101 983120983154983151983140983157983139983156983145983151983150 983152983141983154 983124983154983145983152

983109 983101 983114983151983138 983109983142983142983145983139983145983141983150983139983161

983150 983101 983114983157983149983148983137983144 983120983144983137983155983141

983139983156 983101 983107983161983139983148983141 983124983145983149983141 983116983151983137983140983141983154

983114 983101 983112983137983157983148983145983150983143 983108983145983155983156983137983150983139983141983126983089 983101 983112983137983157983148983145983150983143 983123983152983141983141983140

983126983090 983101 983122983141983156983157983154983150983145983150983143 983123983152983141983141983140

983156983089 983101 983108983157983149983152983145983150983143 983124983145983149983141

983124983090 983101 983117983137983150983157983158983141983154 983124983145983149983141

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2657

DUMP TRUCK PRODUCTIVITY FACTORDUMP TRUCK PRODUCTIVITY FACTOR

BUCKET

CAPACITY

VESSELCONTAINMENT

NUMBER OFPASSES

PAYLOAD

BENCHCONDITION

LOADINGMETHOD

MATERIALCONDITION

PRODUCTIVITY

CYCLE-TIME

LOADINGTIME

SPEED

SPOTTIME

WAITINGTIME

HAULING amp

RETURN TIME

MATCHING

DISTANCE

LOADING TIMEPER-PASS

EXCAVATOR

OPERATOR SKILL

DT OPERATORSKILL

ROADCONDITION

DTCHARACTERISTIC

TRAFFICCONDITION

SPOT AREACONDITION

AVAILABLEPOWER

TIRE

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2757

General Haulage Unit ProductivityGeneral Haulage Unit Productivity

Haulage Cycle Components

Description+ Spot Time (1st Pass Delay)

+ Load Time

+ Haul Time

+ Turn and Dump Time

+ Return Time

+ Wait Delays (Repetitive)

Total Truck Cycle Time

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2857

Spot TimeManouver TimeSpot TimeManouver Time

Manuver di loading area Untuk mempercepat proses perlu

cukup untuk manuver

Rear Dump Trucks 15 ndash 40 seconds

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2957

Load TimeLoad Time

Waktu pemuatan

Mulai lsquobucket dumprsquo pertama sampai lsquobucketdumprsquo terakhir

- - -empty

Sering terganggu untuk pekerjaan lsquogeneralrsquo

ndash Faceslope Development

ndash Floor Clean-Up

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3057

Turn and Dump TimeTurn and Dump Time

Manuver amp dumping di disposal Raise and Descend Time for vessel

jalan dumping area yang buruk

Total Time asympasympasympasymp 100 minute

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3157

Wait Time Queuing TimeWait Time Queuing Time

Antri saat pemuatan Matching factor gt 1

Antri saat dumping umumnya untuk DT yangdumping di hoper atau disposal area sempit

sebagai bagian dari hauling time

Bisa dikurangi dengan perhitungan matchingfactor yang tepat

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3257

Travel TimeTravel Time

Can be loaded travel or empty travel

Either Method Requires Detailed ProfileInformation such as

ndash Distance ndash Grade Resistance

ndash Rolling Resistance

ndash Speed Limits

ndash Curve Locations and Radius Figures

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3357

The sum of

ndash Spot and wait time

ndash Load time

Truck Cycle TimeTruck Cycle Time

ndash All travel time

ndash Turn amp dump time plus all other fixed time

Number of cycles hour equals ndash Define production time per hour

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3457

Haul Truck Performance Optimization

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3557

Critical Operating ParametersCritical Operating Parameters

PayloadPayload Typical Rolling Resistance ValuesTypical Rolling Resistance Values

o ng es s anceo ng es s ance

Construction Methods andConstruction Methods andMaterialsMaterials

Road CharacteristicRoad Characteristic DrainageDrainage

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3657

Typical Rolling Resistance ValuesTypical Rolling Resistance ValuesTire Rolling

Penetration Resistance

Hard smooth stabilized surface roadway withoutpenetration under load maintained watered

0 2

Firm smooth rolling roadway with dirt or light surfacingflexing slightly under load maintained watered

12-1 3

Conditions

Dirt roadway rutted flexing under load little maintenanceno water 1-2 in (25-50 mm) tire penetration 1-2 5

Rutted dirt roadway soft under travel no maintenance nostabilization 4-6 in (100-150 mm) tire penetration

4-6 8

Loose sand or gravel 6+ 10

Soft muddy rutted roadway no maintenance 6-12 10-20

Snow packed - 45

Snow loose - 25

Rolling ResistanceRolling Resistance

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3757

Rolling Resistance 15 - 20

Asphalt Paved Road Well Maintained Unpaved RoadRolling Resistance 25~30 Rolling Resistance 35

Compacted maintained by MotorGrader but still soft on surface

Rolling ResistanceRolling Resistance

Soft not well maintained such asloading area

Rolling Resistance 50

Badly maintained not compacted

Rolling Resistance 80 Rolling Resistance 15~20

Not maintained at all Soft muddyNot for rigid dump trucks

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3857

bull ldquoOpenrdquo dimensionbull CBR 80 or greater crushed

Construction Methods andConstruction Methods and

MaterialsMaterials

bull Layers =lt 8 in (20 cm)bull Subbase 2 ft (06m) widerbull Repeated passes- -tracked

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3957

ndash Maximize Safety Speeds ndash Minimize Tire Wear ndash Minimize Spillage

Curve SuperelevationCurve Superelevation

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4057

Road WidthRoad Width

For mining with various of dump truck size follow the biggest dump truck

Dimensi lebar jalan 35 x lebar Dump Truck

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4157

Curve RadiusCurve Radius

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4257

Drainage ControlDrainage Control

Rapid removal of water

Adequate ditch capacity and incline

Crown appropriate for multiple-laneconstruction

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4357

Dump Truck Case StudyDump Truck Case Study

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4457

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4557

General Ripping InformationGeneral Ripping Information Ripper point Penetration ndash Key to Ripping Feasibility

Ripping Feasibility by Rock Type ndash Sedimentary Rocks ( sandstone shale limestone) ndash Feasible

ndash ndash

Questionable to Not Possible

Favorable Rock Characteristics for Ripping

ndash Stratified (Surface Cracking)

ndash Weathered ndash Laminated (Layered)

ndash Brittle

ndash Fractured

Ripping is More Technique than Science

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4657

Ripping Dozing TechniqueRipping Dozing Technique

Mengetahui arah lapisan kekerasanmaterial

Metode menumpuk material untukumpan excavator

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4757

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4857

Bench Height amp Bucket SizeRelationship

Bench HeightBench Height

1 Material height min 15 bucketheight minimum

2 Gravity Assistance needed

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4957

Wheel Loader Cycle Time FiguresWheel Loader Cycle Time Figures

Loader Type sec 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 40 42 44 46 48 50 52 54 56 58 60 62 64 66WA800

WA900

WA1200

Wheel Loader Application - V Cycle Loading

Digging Conditions Attention

= Easy 1) Cycle times are average figures and for diggable material only 2) Cycle times for standard attachments only

3) Hi-Lift specifications increase cycle times by approximately 2-3 seconds

= Average 4) Due to the many variables present at most job sites the preceding cycle

time figures are for planning purpose only and cannot be guaranteed

in any manner

= Severe

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5057

Wheel Loader ProductivityWheel Loader Productivity

Productivity Components

+ Truck Spot Time (1st Pass Delay)

+ Load Time (field cycle time data or estimates)

ndash Consider normal process delays such asbull Floor Clean-up

bull Face Development

bull Positioning etc

+ Wait for Trucks (if any)

Total Loading Tool Cycle Time per Truck

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5157

Wheel Loader ProductivityWheel Loader Productivity

Productivity Calculation

Production Minutes Hr (Job Efficiency Factor)

bull Operator efficiency amp motivation

bull Work organization

bull Management amp supervision

divide Loading Tool Cycle Time per Truck

Number of Trucks per Hour

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5257

Effects of OverloadingEffects of Overloading

1 Exceeds Rated Capacity

2 Machine Stability

3 Compromises Safety

4 Shortened Component Life

bull Boom Cracking

bull Hydraulic System

bull Tire Wear

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5357

Prinsip Pemuatan OptimalPrinsip Pemuatan Optimal

Waktu tunggu sekecil mungkin

Ideal Number of Passes = 3 ndash 5

(tidak ada frac12 bucket)

Kesesuaian dengan dump truck

ndash Loading Height ndash Reach

ndash Bucket Length

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5457

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5557

Fleet ProductivityFleet Productivity Total produksi material yang bisa tertransport per-

satuan waktu Satuan umum fleet productivity

Ritase alat angkutjam - =

HD785-5 = 42 bcmrit

PC1250 01 PC1250 02 PC2000 01475

630 - 700 Daily Daily Daily

700 - 800 506

800 - 900 330

900 - 1000 572

1000 - 1100 550

1100 - 1200 4181200 - 1300

1300 - 1400 462

1400 - 1500 Hujan Hujan Hujan

1500 - 1600 636

1600 - 1700 572

1700 - 1800 462

1800 - 1830 220Total per shift 4728

Rata2 perjam 4948

ExcavatorTarget BCMhr

Istirahat

Prestasi akhir fleet akan terlihat pada

performa alat angkut

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5657

Matching FactorMatching Factor

MF =Jml Excavator x CT DT

x x v x u

MF gt 1 DT antri

MF lt 1 Excavator nungguCommon practice MF = 09 - 1

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5757

Page 26: 2. Productivity_AED UT.pdf

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2657

DUMP TRUCK PRODUCTIVITY FACTORDUMP TRUCK PRODUCTIVITY FACTOR

BUCKET

CAPACITY

VESSELCONTAINMENT

NUMBER OFPASSES

PAYLOAD

BENCHCONDITION

LOADINGMETHOD

MATERIALCONDITION

PRODUCTIVITY

CYCLE-TIME

LOADINGTIME

SPEED

SPOTTIME

WAITINGTIME

HAULING amp

RETURN TIME

MATCHING

DISTANCE

LOADING TIMEPER-PASS

EXCAVATOR

OPERATOR SKILL

DT OPERATORSKILL

ROADCONDITION

DTCHARACTERISTIC

TRAFFICCONDITION

SPOT AREACONDITION

AVAILABLEPOWER

TIRE

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2757

General Haulage Unit ProductivityGeneral Haulage Unit Productivity

Haulage Cycle Components

Description+ Spot Time (1st Pass Delay)

+ Load Time

+ Haul Time

+ Turn and Dump Time

+ Return Time

+ Wait Delays (Repetitive)

Total Truck Cycle Time

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2857

Spot TimeManouver TimeSpot TimeManouver Time

Manuver di loading area Untuk mempercepat proses perlu

cukup untuk manuver

Rear Dump Trucks 15 ndash 40 seconds

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2957

Load TimeLoad Time

Waktu pemuatan

Mulai lsquobucket dumprsquo pertama sampai lsquobucketdumprsquo terakhir

- - -empty

Sering terganggu untuk pekerjaan lsquogeneralrsquo

ndash Faceslope Development

ndash Floor Clean-Up

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3057

Turn and Dump TimeTurn and Dump Time

Manuver amp dumping di disposal Raise and Descend Time for vessel

jalan dumping area yang buruk

Total Time asympasympasympasymp 100 minute

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3157

Wait Time Queuing TimeWait Time Queuing Time

Antri saat pemuatan Matching factor gt 1

Antri saat dumping umumnya untuk DT yangdumping di hoper atau disposal area sempit

sebagai bagian dari hauling time

Bisa dikurangi dengan perhitungan matchingfactor yang tepat

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3257

Travel TimeTravel Time

Can be loaded travel or empty travel

Either Method Requires Detailed ProfileInformation such as

ndash Distance ndash Grade Resistance

ndash Rolling Resistance

ndash Speed Limits

ndash Curve Locations and Radius Figures

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3357

The sum of

ndash Spot and wait time

ndash Load time

Truck Cycle TimeTruck Cycle Time

ndash All travel time

ndash Turn amp dump time plus all other fixed time

Number of cycles hour equals ndash Define production time per hour

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3457

Haul Truck Performance Optimization

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3557

Critical Operating ParametersCritical Operating Parameters

PayloadPayload Typical Rolling Resistance ValuesTypical Rolling Resistance Values

o ng es s anceo ng es s ance

Construction Methods andConstruction Methods andMaterialsMaterials

Road CharacteristicRoad Characteristic DrainageDrainage

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3657

Typical Rolling Resistance ValuesTypical Rolling Resistance ValuesTire Rolling

Penetration Resistance

Hard smooth stabilized surface roadway withoutpenetration under load maintained watered

0 2

Firm smooth rolling roadway with dirt or light surfacingflexing slightly under load maintained watered

12-1 3

Conditions

Dirt roadway rutted flexing under load little maintenanceno water 1-2 in (25-50 mm) tire penetration 1-2 5

Rutted dirt roadway soft under travel no maintenance nostabilization 4-6 in (100-150 mm) tire penetration

4-6 8

Loose sand or gravel 6+ 10

Soft muddy rutted roadway no maintenance 6-12 10-20

Snow packed - 45

Snow loose - 25

Rolling ResistanceRolling Resistance

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3757

Rolling Resistance 15 - 20

Asphalt Paved Road Well Maintained Unpaved RoadRolling Resistance 25~30 Rolling Resistance 35

Compacted maintained by MotorGrader but still soft on surface

Rolling ResistanceRolling Resistance

Soft not well maintained such asloading area

Rolling Resistance 50

Badly maintained not compacted

Rolling Resistance 80 Rolling Resistance 15~20

Not maintained at all Soft muddyNot for rigid dump trucks

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3857

bull ldquoOpenrdquo dimensionbull CBR 80 or greater crushed

Construction Methods andConstruction Methods and

MaterialsMaterials

bull Layers =lt 8 in (20 cm)bull Subbase 2 ft (06m) widerbull Repeated passes- -tracked

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3957

ndash Maximize Safety Speeds ndash Minimize Tire Wear ndash Minimize Spillage

Curve SuperelevationCurve Superelevation

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4057

Road WidthRoad Width

For mining with various of dump truck size follow the biggest dump truck

Dimensi lebar jalan 35 x lebar Dump Truck

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4157

Curve RadiusCurve Radius

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4257

Drainage ControlDrainage Control

Rapid removal of water

Adequate ditch capacity and incline

Crown appropriate for multiple-laneconstruction

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4357

Dump Truck Case StudyDump Truck Case Study

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4457

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4557

General Ripping InformationGeneral Ripping Information Ripper point Penetration ndash Key to Ripping Feasibility

Ripping Feasibility by Rock Type ndash Sedimentary Rocks ( sandstone shale limestone) ndash Feasible

ndash ndash

Questionable to Not Possible

Favorable Rock Characteristics for Ripping

ndash Stratified (Surface Cracking)

ndash Weathered ndash Laminated (Layered)

ndash Brittle

ndash Fractured

Ripping is More Technique than Science

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4657

Ripping Dozing TechniqueRipping Dozing Technique

Mengetahui arah lapisan kekerasanmaterial

Metode menumpuk material untukumpan excavator

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4757

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4857

Bench Height amp Bucket SizeRelationship

Bench HeightBench Height

1 Material height min 15 bucketheight minimum

2 Gravity Assistance needed

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4957

Wheel Loader Cycle Time FiguresWheel Loader Cycle Time Figures

Loader Type sec 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 40 42 44 46 48 50 52 54 56 58 60 62 64 66WA800

WA900

WA1200

Wheel Loader Application - V Cycle Loading

Digging Conditions Attention

= Easy 1) Cycle times are average figures and for diggable material only 2) Cycle times for standard attachments only

3) Hi-Lift specifications increase cycle times by approximately 2-3 seconds

= Average 4) Due to the many variables present at most job sites the preceding cycle

time figures are for planning purpose only and cannot be guaranteed

in any manner

= Severe

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5057

Wheel Loader ProductivityWheel Loader Productivity

Productivity Components

+ Truck Spot Time (1st Pass Delay)

+ Load Time (field cycle time data or estimates)

ndash Consider normal process delays such asbull Floor Clean-up

bull Face Development

bull Positioning etc

+ Wait for Trucks (if any)

Total Loading Tool Cycle Time per Truck

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5157

Wheel Loader ProductivityWheel Loader Productivity

Productivity Calculation

Production Minutes Hr (Job Efficiency Factor)

bull Operator efficiency amp motivation

bull Work organization

bull Management amp supervision

divide Loading Tool Cycle Time per Truck

Number of Trucks per Hour

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5257

Effects of OverloadingEffects of Overloading

1 Exceeds Rated Capacity

2 Machine Stability

3 Compromises Safety

4 Shortened Component Life

bull Boom Cracking

bull Hydraulic System

bull Tire Wear

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5357

Prinsip Pemuatan OptimalPrinsip Pemuatan Optimal

Waktu tunggu sekecil mungkin

Ideal Number of Passes = 3 ndash 5

(tidak ada frac12 bucket)

Kesesuaian dengan dump truck

ndash Loading Height ndash Reach

ndash Bucket Length

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5457

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5557

Fleet ProductivityFleet Productivity Total produksi material yang bisa tertransport per-

satuan waktu Satuan umum fleet productivity

Ritase alat angkutjam - =

HD785-5 = 42 bcmrit

PC1250 01 PC1250 02 PC2000 01475

630 - 700 Daily Daily Daily

700 - 800 506

800 - 900 330

900 - 1000 572

1000 - 1100 550

1100 - 1200 4181200 - 1300

1300 - 1400 462

1400 - 1500 Hujan Hujan Hujan

1500 - 1600 636

1600 - 1700 572

1700 - 1800 462

1800 - 1830 220Total per shift 4728

Rata2 perjam 4948

ExcavatorTarget BCMhr

Istirahat

Prestasi akhir fleet akan terlihat pada

performa alat angkut

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5657

Matching FactorMatching Factor

MF =Jml Excavator x CT DT

x x v x u

MF gt 1 DT antri

MF lt 1 Excavator nungguCommon practice MF = 09 - 1

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5757

Page 27: 2. Productivity_AED UT.pdf

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2757

General Haulage Unit ProductivityGeneral Haulage Unit Productivity

Haulage Cycle Components

Description+ Spot Time (1st Pass Delay)

+ Load Time

+ Haul Time

+ Turn and Dump Time

+ Return Time

+ Wait Delays (Repetitive)

Total Truck Cycle Time

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2857

Spot TimeManouver TimeSpot TimeManouver Time

Manuver di loading area Untuk mempercepat proses perlu

cukup untuk manuver

Rear Dump Trucks 15 ndash 40 seconds

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2957

Load TimeLoad Time

Waktu pemuatan

Mulai lsquobucket dumprsquo pertama sampai lsquobucketdumprsquo terakhir

- - -empty

Sering terganggu untuk pekerjaan lsquogeneralrsquo

ndash Faceslope Development

ndash Floor Clean-Up

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3057

Turn and Dump TimeTurn and Dump Time

Manuver amp dumping di disposal Raise and Descend Time for vessel

jalan dumping area yang buruk

Total Time asympasympasympasymp 100 minute

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3157

Wait Time Queuing TimeWait Time Queuing Time

Antri saat pemuatan Matching factor gt 1

Antri saat dumping umumnya untuk DT yangdumping di hoper atau disposal area sempit

sebagai bagian dari hauling time

Bisa dikurangi dengan perhitungan matchingfactor yang tepat

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3257

Travel TimeTravel Time

Can be loaded travel or empty travel

Either Method Requires Detailed ProfileInformation such as

ndash Distance ndash Grade Resistance

ndash Rolling Resistance

ndash Speed Limits

ndash Curve Locations and Radius Figures

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3357

The sum of

ndash Spot and wait time

ndash Load time

Truck Cycle TimeTruck Cycle Time

ndash All travel time

ndash Turn amp dump time plus all other fixed time

Number of cycles hour equals ndash Define production time per hour

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3457

Haul Truck Performance Optimization

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3557

Critical Operating ParametersCritical Operating Parameters

PayloadPayload Typical Rolling Resistance ValuesTypical Rolling Resistance Values

o ng es s anceo ng es s ance

Construction Methods andConstruction Methods andMaterialsMaterials

Road CharacteristicRoad Characteristic DrainageDrainage

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3657

Typical Rolling Resistance ValuesTypical Rolling Resistance ValuesTire Rolling

Penetration Resistance

Hard smooth stabilized surface roadway withoutpenetration under load maintained watered

0 2

Firm smooth rolling roadway with dirt or light surfacingflexing slightly under load maintained watered

12-1 3

Conditions

Dirt roadway rutted flexing under load little maintenanceno water 1-2 in (25-50 mm) tire penetration 1-2 5

Rutted dirt roadway soft under travel no maintenance nostabilization 4-6 in (100-150 mm) tire penetration

4-6 8

Loose sand or gravel 6+ 10

Soft muddy rutted roadway no maintenance 6-12 10-20

Snow packed - 45

Snow loose - 25

Rolling ResistanceRolling Resistance

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3757

Rolling Resistance 15 - 20

Asphalt Paved Road Well Maintained Unpaved RoadRolling Resistance 25~30 Rolling Resistance 35

Compacted maintained by MotorGrader but still soft on surface

Rolling ResistanceRolling Resistance

Soft not well maintained such asloading area

Rolling Resistance 50

Badly maintained not compacted

Rolling Resistance 80 Rolling Resistance 15~20

Not maintained at all Soft muddyNot for rigid dump trucks

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3857

bull ldquoOpenrdquo dimensionbull CBR 80 or greater crushed

Construction Methods andConstruction Methods and

MaterialsMaterials

bull Layers =lt 8 in (20 cm)bull Subbase 2 ft (06m) widerbull Repeated passes- -tracked

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3957

ndash Maximize Safety Speeds ndash Minimize Tire Wear ndash Minimize Spillage

Curve SuperelevationCurve Superelevation

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4057

Road WidthRoad Width

For mining with various of dump truck size follow the biggest dump truck

Dimensi lebar jalan 35 x lebar Dump Truck

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4157

Curve RadiusCurve Radius

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4257

Drainage ControlDrainage Control

Rapid removal of water

Adequate ditch capacity and incline

Crown appropriate for multiple-laneconstruction

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4357

Dump Truck Case StudyDump Truck Case Study

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4457

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4557

General Ripping InformationGeneral Ripping Information Ripper point Penetration ndash Key to Ripping Feasibility

Ripping Feasibility by Rock Type ndash Sedimentary Rocks ( sandstone shale limestone) ndash Feasible

ndash ndash

Questionable to Not Possible

Favorable Rock Characteristics for Ripping

ndash Stratified (Surface Cracking)

ndash Weathered ndash Laminated (Layered)

ndash Brittle

ndash Fractured

Ripping is More Technique than Science

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4657

Ripping Dozing TechniqueRipping Dozing Technique

Mengetahui arah lapisan kekerasanmaterial

Metode menumpuk material untukumpan excavator

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4757

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4857

Bench Height amp Bucket SizeRelationship

Bench HeightBench Height

1 Material height min 15 bucketheight minimum

2 Gravity Assistance needed

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4957

Wheel Loader Cycle Time FiguresWheel Loader Cycle Time Figures

Loader Type sec 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 40 42 44 46 48 50 52 54 56 58 60 62 64 66WA800

WA900

WA1200

Wheel Loader Application - V Cycle Loading

Digging Conditions Attention

= Easy 1) Cycle times are average figures and for diggable material only 2) Cycle times for standard attachments only

3) Hi-Lift specifications increase cycle times by approximately 2-3 seconds

= Average 4) Due to the many variables present at most job sites the preceding cycle

time figures are for planning purpose only and cannot be guaranteed

in any manner

= Severe

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5057

Wheel Loader ProductivityWheel Loader Productivity

Productivity Components

+ Truck Spot Time (1st Pass Delay)

+ Load Time (field cycle time data or estimates)

ndash Consider normal process delays such asbull Floor Clean-up

bull Face Development

bull Positioning etc

+ Wait for Trucks (if any)

Total Loading Tool Cycle Time per Truck

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5157

Wheel Loader ProductivityWheel Loader Productivity

Productivity Calculation

Production Minutes Hr (Job Efficiency Factor)

bull Operator efficiency amp motivation

bull Work organization

bull Management amp supervision

divide Loading Tool Cycle Time per Truck

Number of Trucks per Hour

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5257

Effects of OverloadingEffects of Overloading

1 Exceeds Rated Capacity

2 Machine Stability

3 Compromises Safety

4 Shortened Component Life

bull Boom Cracking

bull Hydraulic System

bull Tire Wear

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5357

Prinsip Pemuatan OptimalPrinsip Pemuatan Optimal

Waktu tunggu sekecil mungkin

Ideal Number of Passes = 3 ndash 5

(tidak ada frac12 bucket)

Kesesuaian dengan dump truck

ndash Loading Height ndash Reach

ndash Bucket Length

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5457

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5557

Fleet ProductivityFleet Productivity Total produksi material yang bisa tertransport per-

satuan waktu Satuan umum fleet productivity

Ritase alat angkutjam - =

HD785-5 = 42 bcmrit

PC1250 01 PC1250 02 PC2000 01475

630 - 700 Daily Daily Daily

700 - 800 506

800 - 900 330

900 - 1000 572

1000 - 1100 550

1100 - 1200 4181200 - 1300

1300 - 1400 462

1400 - 1500 Hujan Hujan Hujan

1500 - 1600 636

1600 - 1700 572

1700 - 1800 462

1800 - 1830 220Total per shift 4728

Rata2 perjam 4948

ExcavatorTarget BCMhr

Istirahat

Prestasi akhir fleet akan terlihat pada

performa alat angkut

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5657

Matching FactorMatching Factor

MF =Jml Excavator x CT DT

x x v x u

MF gt 1 DT antri

MF lt 1 Excavator nungguCommon practice MF = 09 - 1

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5757

Page 28: 2. Productivity_AED UT.pdf

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2857

Spot TimeManouver TimeSpot TimeManouver Time

Manuver di loading area Untuk mempercepat proses perlu

cukup untuk manuver

Rear Dump Trucks 15 ndash 40 seconds

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2957

Load TimeLoad Time

Waktu pemuatan

Mulai lsquobucket dumprsquo pertama sampai lsquobucketdumprsquo terakhir

- - -empty

Sering terganggu untuk pekerjaan lsquogeneralrsquo

ndash Faceslope Development

ndash Floor Clean-Up

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3057

Turn and Dump TimeTurn and Dump Time

Manuver amp dumping di disposal Raise and Descend Time for vessel

jalan dumping area yang buruk

Total Time asympasympasympasymp 100 minute

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3157

Wait Time Queuing TimeWait Time Queuing Time

Antri saat pemuatan Matching factor gt 1

Antri saat dumping umumnya untuk DT yangdumping di hoper atau disposal area sempit

sebagai bagian dari hauling time

Bisa dikurangi dengan perhitungan matchingfactor yang tepat

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3257

Travel TimeTravel Time

Can be loaded travel or empty travel

Either Method Requires Detailed ProfileInformation such as

ndash Distance ndash Grade Resistance

ndash Rolling Resistance

ndash Speed Limits

ndash Curve Locations and Radius Figures

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3357

The sum of

ndash Spot and wait time

ndash Load time

Truck Cycle TimeTruck Cycle Time

ndash All travel time

ndash Turn amp dump time plus all other fixed time

Number of cycles hour equals ndash Define production time per hour

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3457

Haul Truck Performance Optimization

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3557

Critical Operating ParametersCritical Operating Parameters

PayloadPayload Typical Rolling Resistance ValuesTypical Rolling Resistance Values

o ng es s anceo ng es s ance

Construction Methods andConstruction Methods andMaterialsMaterials

Road CharacteristicRoad Characteristic DrainageDrainage

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3657

Typical Rolling Resistance ValuesTypical Rolling Resistance ValuesTire Rolling

Penetration Resistance

Hard smooth stabilized surface roadway withoutpenetration under load maintained watered

0 2

Firm smooth rolling roadway with dirt or light surfacingflexing slightly under load maintained watered

12-1 3

Conditions

Dirt roadway rutted flexing under load little maintenanceno water 1-2 in (25-50 mm) tire penetration 1-2 5

Rutted dirt roadway soft under travel no maintenance nostabilization 4-6 in (100-150 mm) tire penetration

4-6 8

Loose sand or gravel 6+ 10

Soft muddy rutted roadway no maintenance 6-12 10-20

Snow packed - 45

Snow loose - 25

Rolling ResistanceRolling Resistance

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3757

Rolling Resistance 15 - 20

Asphalt Paved Road Well Maintained Unpaved RoadRolling Resistance 25~30 Rolling Resistance 35

Compacted maintained by MotorGrader but still soft on surface

Rolling ResistanceRolling Resistance

Soft not well maintained such asloading area

Rolling Resistance 50

Badly maintained not compacted

Rolling Resistance 80 Rolling Resistance 15~20

Not maintained at all Soft muddyNot for rigid dump trucks

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3857

bull ldquoOpenrdquo dimensionbull CBR 80 or greater crushed

Construction Methods andConstruction Methods and

MaterialsMaterials

bull Layers =lt 8 in (20 cm)bull Subbase 2 ft (06m) widerbull Repeated passes- -tracked

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3957

ndash Maximize Safety Speeds ndash Minimize Tire Wear ndash Minimize Spillage

Curve SuperelevationCurve Superelevation

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4057

Road WidthRoad Width

For mining with various of dump truck size follow the biggest dump truck

Dimensi lebar jalan 35 x lebar Dump Truck

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4157

Curve RadiusCurve Radius

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4257

Drainage ControlDrainage Control

Rapid removal of water

Adequate ditch capacity and incline

Crown appropriate for multiple-laneconstruction

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4357

Dump Truck Case StudyDump Truck Case Study

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4457

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4557

General Ripping InformationGeneral Ripping Information Ripper point Penetration ndash Key to Ripping Feasibility

Ripping Feasibility by Rock Type ndash Sedimentary Rocks ( sandstone shale limestone) ndash Feasible

ndash ndash

Questionable to Not Possible

Favorable Rock Characteristics for Ripping

ndash Stratified (Surface Cracking)

ndash Weathered ndash Laminated (Layered)

ndash Brittle

ndash Fractured

Ripping is More Technique than Science

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4657

Ripping Dozing TechniqueRipping Dozing Technique

Mengetahui arah lapisan kekerasanmaterial

Metode menumpuk material untukumpan excavator

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4757

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4857

Bench Height amp Bucket SizeRelationship

Bench HeightBench Height

1 Material height min 15 bucketheight minimum

2 Gravity Assistance needed

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4957

Wheel Loader Cycle Time FiguresWheel Loader Cycle Time Figures

Loader Type sec 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 40 42 44 46 48 50 52 54 56 58 60 62 64 66WA800

WA900

WA1200

Wheel Loader Application - V Cycle Loading

Digging Conditions Attention

= Easy 1) Cycle times are average figures and for diggable material only 2) Cycle times for standard attachments only

3) Hi-Lift specifications increase cycle times by approximately 2-3 seconds

= Average 4) Due to the many variables present at most job sites the preceding cycle

time figures are for planning purpose only and cannot be guaranteed

in any manner

= Severe

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5057

Wheel Loader ProductivityWheel Loader Productivity

Productivity Components

+ Truck Spot Time (1st Pass Delay)

+ Load Time (field cycle time data or estimates)

ndash Consider normal process delays such asbull Floor Clean-up

bull Face Development

bull Positioning etc

+ Wait for Trucks (if any)

Total Loading Tool Cycle Time per Truck

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5157

Wheel Loader ProductivityWheel Loader Productivity

Productivity Calculation

Production Minutes Hr (Job Efficiency Factor)

bull Operator efficiency amp motivation

bull Work organization

bull Management amp supervision

divide Loading Tool Cycle Time per Truck

Number of Trucks per Hour

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5257

Effects of OverloadingEffects of Overloading

1 Exceeds Rated Capacity

2 Machine Stability

3 Compromises Safety

4 Shortened Component Life

bull Boom Cracking

bull Hydraulic System

bull Tire Wear

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5357

Prinsip Pemuatan OptimalPrinsip Pemuatan Optimal

Waktu tunggu sekecil mungkin

Ideal Number of Passes = 3 ndash 5

(tidak ada frac12 bucket)

Kesesuaian dengan dump truck

ndash Loading Height ndash Reach

ndash Bucket Length

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5457

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5557

Fleet ProductivityFleet Productivity Total produksi material yang bisa tertransport per-

satuan waktu Satuan umum fleet productivity

Ritase alat angkutjam - =

HD785-5 = 42 bcmrit

PC1250 01 PC1250 02 PC2000 01475

630 - 700 Daily Daily Daily

700 - 800 506

800 - 900 330

900 - 1000 572

1000 - 1100 550

1100 - 1200 4181200 - 1300

1300 - 1400 462

1400 - 1500 Hujan Hujan Hujan

1500 - 1600 636

1600 - 1700 572

1700 - 1800 462

1800 - 1830 220Total per shift 4728

Rata2 perjam 4948

ExcavatorTarget BCMhr

Istirahat

Prestasi akhir fleet akan terlihat pada

performa alat angkut

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5657

Matching FactorMatching Factor

MF =Jml Excavator x CT DT

x x v x u

MF gt 1 DT antri

MF lt 1 Excavator nungguCommon practice MF = 09 - 1

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5757

Page 29: 2. Productivity_AED UT.pdf

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 2957

Load TimeLoad Time

Waktu pemuatan

Mulai lsquobucket dumprsquo pertama sampai lsquobucketdumprsquo terakhir

- - -empty

Sering terganggu untuk pekerjaan lsquogeneralrsquo

ndash Faceslope Development

ndash Floor Clean-Up

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3057

Turn and Dump TimeTurn and Dump Time

Manuver amp dumping di disposal Raise and Descend Time for vessel

jalan dumping area yang buruk

Total Time asympasympasympasymp 100 minute

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3157

Wait Time Queuing TimeWait Time Queuing Time

Antri saat pemuatan Matching factor gt 1

Antri saat dumping umumnya untuk DT yangdumping di hoper atau disposal area sempit

sebagai bagian dari hauling time

Bisa dikurangi dengan perhitungan matchingfactor yang tepat

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3257

Travel TimeTravel Time

Can be loaded travel or empty travel

Either Method Requires Detailed ProfileInformation such as

ndash Distance ndash Grade Resistance

ndash Rolling Resistance

ndash Speed Limits

ndash Curve Locations and Radius Figures

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3357

The sum of

ndash Spot and wait time

ndash Load time

Truck Cycle TimeTruck Cycle Time

ndash All travel time

ndash Turn amp dump time plus all other fixed time

Number of cycles hour equals ndash Define production time per hour

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3457

Haul Truck Performance Optimization

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3557

Critical Operating ParametersCritical Operating Parameters

PayloadPayload Typical Rolling Resistance ValuesTypical Rolling Resistance Values

o ng es s anceo ng es s ance

Construction Methods andConstruction Methods andMaterialsMaterials

Road CharacteristicRoad Characteristic DrainageDrainage

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3657

Typical Rolling Resistance ValuesTypical Rolling Resistance ValuesTire Rolling

Penetration Resistance

Hard smooth stabilized surface roadway withoutpenetration under load maintained watered

0 2

Firm smooth rolling roadway with dirt or light surfacingflexing slightly under load maintained watered

12-1 3

Conditions

Dirt roadway rutted flexing under load little maintenanceno water 1-2 in (25-50 mm) tire penetration 1-2 5

Rutted dirt roadway soft under travel no maintenance nostabilization 4-6 in (100-150 mm) tire penetration

4-6 8

Loose sand or gravel 6+ 10

Soft muddy rutted roadway no maintenance 6-12 10-20

Snow packed - 45

Snow loose - 25

Rolling ResistanceRolling Resistance

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3757

Rolling Resistance 15 - 20

Asphalt Paved Road Well Maintained Unpaved RoadRolling Resistance 25~30 Rolling Resistance 35

Compacted maintained by MotorGrader but still soft on surface

Rolling ResistanceRolling Resistance

Soft not well maintained such asloading area

Rolling Resistance 50

Badly maintained not compacted

Rolling Resistance 80 Rolling Resistance 15~20

Not maintained at all Soft muddyNot for rigid dump trucks

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3857

bull ldquoOpenrdquo dimensionbull CBR 80 or greater crushed

Construction Methods andConstruction Methods and

MaterialsMaterials

bull Layers =lt 8 in (20 cm)bull Subbase 2 ft (06m) widerbull Repeated passes- -tracked

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3957

ndash Maximize Safety Speeds ndash Minimize Tire Wear ndash Minimize Spillage

Curve SuperelevationCurve Superelevation

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4057

Road WidthRoad Width

For mining with various of dump truck size follow the biggest dump truck

Dimensi lebar jalan 35 x lebar Dump Truck

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4157

Curve RadiusCurve Radius

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4257

Drainage ControlDrainage Control

Rapid removal of water

Adequate ditch capacity and incline

Crown appropriate for multiple-laneconstruction

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4357

Dump Truck Case StudyDump Truck Case Study

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4457

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4557

General Ripping InformationGeneral Ripping Information Ripper point Penetration ndash Key to Ripping Feasibility

Ripping Feasibility by Rock Type ndash Sedimentary Rocks ( sandstone shale limestone) ndash Feasible

ndash ndash

Questionable to Not Possible

Favorable Rock Characteristics for Ripping

ndash Stratified (Surface Cracking)

ndash Weathered ndash Laminated (Layered)

ndash Brittle

ndash Fractured

Ripping is More Technique than Science

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4657

Ripping Dozing TechniqueRipping Dozing Technique

Mengetahui arah lapisan kekerasanmaterial

Metode menumpuk material untukumpan excavator

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4757

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4857

Bench Height amp Bucket SizeRelationship

Bench HeightBench Height

1 Material height min 15 bucketheight minimum

2 Gravity Assistance needed

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4957

Wheel Loader Cycle Time FiguresWheel Loader Cycle Time Figures

Loader Type sec 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 40 42 44 46 48 50 52 54 56 58 60 62 64 66WA800

WA900

WA1200

Wheel Loader Application - V Cycle Loading

Digging Conditions Attention

= Easy 1) Cycle times are average figures and for diggable material only 2) Cycle times for standard attachments only

3) Hi-Lift specifications increase cycle times by approximately 2-3 seconds

= Average 4) Due to the many variables present at most job sites the preceding cycle

time figures are for planning purpose only and cannot be guaranteed

in any manner

= Severe

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5057

Wheel Loader ProductivityWheel Loader Productivity

Productivity Components

+ Truck Spot Time (1st Pass Delay)

+ Load Time (field cycle time data or estimates)

ndash Consider normal process delays such asbull Floor Clean-up

bull Face Development

bull Positioning etc

+ Wait for Trucks (if any)

Total Loading Tool Cycle Time per Truck

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5157

Wheel Loader ProductivityWheel Loader Productivity

Productivity Calculation

Production Minutes Hr (Job Efficiency Factor)

bull Operator efficiency amp motivation

bull Work organization

bull Management amp supervision

divide Loading Tool Cycle Time per Truck

Number of Trucks per Hour

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5257

Effects of OverloadingEffects of Overloading

1 Exceeds Rated Capacity

2 Machine Stability

3 Compromises Safety

4 Shortened Component Life

bull Boom Cracking

bull Hydraulic System

bull Tire Wear

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5357

Prinsip Pemuatan OptimalPrinsip Pemuatan Optimal

Waktu tunggu sekecil mungkin

Ideal Number of Passes = 3 ndash 5

(tidak ada frac12 bucket)

Kesesuaian dengan dump truck

ndash Loading Height ndash Reach

ndash Bucket Length

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5457

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5557

Fleet ProductivityFleet Productivity Total produksi material yang bisa tertransport per-

satuan waktu Satuan umum fleet productivity

Ritase alat angkutjam - =

HD785-5 = 42 bcmrit

PC1250 01 PC1250 02 PC2000 01475

630 - 700 Daily Daily Daily

700 - 800 506

800 - 900 330

900 - 1000 572

1000 - 1100 550

1100 - 1200 4181200 - 1300

1300 - 1400 462

1400 - 1500 Hujan Hujan Hujan

1500 - 1600 636

1600 - 1700 572

1700 - 1800 462

1800 - 1830 220Total per shift 4728

Rata2 perjam 4948

ExcavatorTarget BCMhr

Istirahat

Prestasi akhir fleet akan terlihat pada

performa alat angkut

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5657

Matching FactorMatching Factor

MF =Jml Excavator x CT DT

x x v x u

MF gt 1 DT antri

MF lt 1 Excavator nungguCommon practice MF = 09 - 1

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5757

Page 30: 2. Productivity_AED UT.pdf

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3057

Turn and Dump TimeTurn and Dump Time

Manuver amp dumping di disposal Raise and Descend Time for vessel

jalan dumping area yang buruk

Total Time asympasympasympasymp 100 minute

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3157

Wait Time Queuing TimeWait Time Queuing Time

Antri saat pemuatan Matching factor gt 1

Antri saat dumping umumnya untuk DT yangdumping di hoper atau disposal area sempit

sebagai bagian dari hauling time

Bisa dikurangi dengan perhitungan matchingfactor yang tepat

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3257

Travel TimeTravel Time

Can be loaded travel or empty travel

Either Method Requires Detailed ProfileInformation such as

ndash Distance ndash Grade Resistance

ndash Rolling Resistance

ndash Speed Limits

ndash Curve Locations and Radius Figures

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3357

The sum of

ndash Spot and wait time

ndash Load time

Truck Cycle TimeTruck Cycle Time

ndash All travel time

ndash Turn amp dump time plus all other fixed time

Number of cycles hour equals ndash Define production time per hour

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3457

Haul Truck Performance Optimization

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3557

Critical Operating ParametersCritical Operating Parameters

PayloadPayload Typical Rolling Resistance ValuesTypical Rolling Resistance Values

o ng es s anceo ng es s ance

Construction Methods andConstruction Methods andMaterialsMaterials

Road CharacteristicRoad Characteristic DrainageDrainage

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3657

Typical Rolling Resistance ValuesTypical Rolling Resistance ValuesTire Rolling

Penetration Resistance

Hard smooth stabilized surface roadway withoutpenetration under load maintained watered

0 2

Firm smooth rolling roadway with dirt or light surfacingflexing slightly under load maintained watered

12-1 3

Conditions

Dirt roadway rutted flexing under load little maintenanceno water 1-2 in (25-50 mm) tire penetration 1-2 5

Rutted dirt roadway soft under travel no maintenance nostabilization 4-6 in (100-150 mm) tire penetration

4-6 8

Loose sand or gravel 6+ 10

Soft muddy rutted roadway no maintenance 6-12 10-20

Snow packed - 45

Snow loose - 25

Rolling ResistanceRolling Resistance

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3757

Rolling Resistance 15 - 20

Asphalt Paved Road Well Maintained Unpaved RoadRolling Resistance 25~30 Rolling Resistance 35

Compacted maintained by MotorGrader but still soft on surface

Rolling ResistanceRolling Resistance

Soft not well maintained such asloading area

Rolling Resistance 50

Badly maintained not compacted

Rolling Resistance 80 Rolling Resistance 15~20

Not maintained at all Soft muddyNot for rigid dump trucks

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3857

bull ldquoOpenrdquo dimensionbull CBR 80 or greater crushed

Construction Methods andConstruction Methods and

MaterialsMaterials

bull Layers =lt 8 in (20 cm)bull Subbase 2 ft (06m) widerbull Repeated passes- -tracked

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3957

ndash Maximize Safety Speeds ndash Minimize Tire Wear ndash Minimize Spillage

Curve SuperelevationCurve Superelevation

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4057

Road WidthRoad Width

For mining with various of dump truck size follow the biggest dump truck

Dimensi lebar jalan 35 x lebar Dump Truck

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4157

Curve RadiusCurve Radius

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4257

Drainage ControlDrainage Control

Rapid removal of water

Adequate ditch capacity and incline

Crown appropriate for multiple-laneconstruction

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4357

Dump Truck Case StudyDump Truck Case Study

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4457

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4557

General Ripping InformationGeneral Ripping Information Ripper point Penetration ndash Key to Ripping Feasibility

Ripping Feasibility by Rock Type ndash Sedimentary Rocks ( sandstone shale limestone) ndash Feasible

ndash ndash

Questionable to Not Possible

Favorable Rock Characteristics for Ripping

ndash Stratified (Surface Cracking)

ndash Weathered ndash Laminated (Layered)

ndash Brittle

ndash Fractured

Ripping is More Technique than Science

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4657

Ripping Dozing TechniqueRipping Dozing Technique

Mengetahui arah lapisan kekerasanmaterial

Metode menumpuk material untukumpan excavator

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4757

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4857

Bench Height amp Bucket SizeRelationship

Bench HeightBench Height

1 Material height min 15 bucketheight minimum

2 Gravity Assistance needed

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4957

Wheel Loader Cycle Time FiguresWheel Loader Cycle Time Figures

Loader Type sec 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 40 42 44 46 48 50 52 54 56 58 60 62 64 66WA800

WA900

WA1200

Wheel Loader Application - V Cycle Loading

Digging Conditions Attention

= Easy 1) Cycle times are average figures and for diggable material only 2) Cycle times for standard attachments only

3) Hi-Lift specifications increase cycle times by approximately 2-3 seconds

= Average 4) Due to the many variables present at most job sites the preceding cycle

time figures are for planning purpose only and cannot be guaranteed

in any manner

= Severe

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5057

Wheel Loader ProductivityWheel Loader Productivity

Productivity Components

+ Truck Spot Time (1st Pass Delay)

+ Load Time (field cycle time data or estimates)

ndash Consider normal process delays such asbull Floor Clean-up

bull Face Development

bull Positioning etc

+ Wait for Trucks (if any)

Total Loading Tool Cycle Time per Truck

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5157

Wheel Loader ProductivityWheel Loader Productivity

Productivity Calculation

Production Minutes Hr (Job Efficiency Factor)

bull Operator efficiency amp motivation

bull Work organization

bull Management amp supervision

divide Loading Tool Cycle Time per Truck

Number of Trucks per Hour

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5257

Effects of OverloadingEffects of Overloading

1 Exceeds Rated Capacity

2 Machine Stability

3 Compromises Safety

4 Shortened Component Life

bull Boom Cracking

bull Hydraulic System

bull Tire Wear

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5357

Prinsip Pemuatan OptimalPrinsip Pemuatan Optimal

Waktu tunggu sekecil mungkin

Ideal Number of Passes = 3 ndash 5

(tidak ada frac12 bucket)

Kesesuaian dengan dump truck

ndash Loading Height ndash Reach

ndash Bucket Length

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5457

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5557

Fleet ProductivityFleet Productivity Total produksi material yang bisa tertransport per-

satuan waktu Satuan umum fleet productivity

Ritase alat angkutjam - =

HD785-5 = 42 bcmrit

PC1250 01 PC1250 02 PC2000 01475

630 - 700 Daily Daily Daily

700 - 800 506

800 - 900 330

900 - 1000 572

1000 - 1100 550

1100 - 1200 4181200 - 1300

1300 - 1400 462

1400 - 1500 Hujan Hujan Hujan

1500 - 1600 636

1600 - 1700 572

1700 - 1800 462

1800 - 1830 220Total per shift 4728

Rata2 perjam 4948

ExcavatorTarget BCMhr

Istirahat

Prestasi akhir fleet akan terlihat pada

performa alat angkut

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5657

Matching FactorMatching Factor

MF =Jml Excavator x CT DT

x x v x u

MF gt 1 DT antri

MF lt 1 Excavator nungguCommon practice MF = 09 - 1

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5757

Page 31: 2. Productivity_AED UT.pdf

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3157

Wait Time Queuing TimeWait Time Queuing Time

Antri saat pemuatan Matching factor gt 1

Antri saat dumping umumnya untuk DT yangdumping di hoper atau disposal area sempit

sebagai bagian dari hauling time

Bisa dikurangi dengan perhitungan matchingfactor yang tepat

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3257

Travel TimeTravel Time

Can be loaded travel or empty travel

Either Method Requires Detailed ProfileInformation such as

ndash Distance ndash Grade Resistance

ndash Rolling Resistance

ndash Speed Limits

ndash Curve Locations and Radius Figures

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3357

The sum of

ndash Spot and wait time

ndash Load time

Truck Cycle TimeTruck Cycle Time

ndash All travel time

ndash Turn amp dump time plus all other fixed time

Number of cycles hour equals ndash Define production time per hour

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3457

Haul Truck Performance Optimization

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3557

Critical Operating ParametersCritical Operating Parameters

PayloadPayload Typical Rolling Resistance ValuesTypical Rolling Resistance Values

o ng es s anceo ng es s ance

Construction Methods andConstruction Methods andMaterialsMaterials

Road CharacteristicRoad Characteristic DrainageDrainage

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3657

Typical Rolling Resistance ValuesTypical Rolling Resistance ValuesTire Rolling

Penetration Resistance

Hard smooth stabilized surface roadway withoutpenetration under load maintained watered

0 2

Firm smooth rolling roadway with dirt or light surfacingflexing slightly under load maintained watered

12-1 3

Conditions

Dirt roadway rutted flexing under load little maintenanceno water 1-2 in (25-50 mm) tire penetration 1-2 5

Rutted dirt roadway soft under travel no maintenance nostabilization 4-6 in (100-150 mm) tire penetration

4-6 8

Loose sand or gravel 6+ 10

Soft muddy rutted roadway no maintenance 6-12 10-20

Snow packed - 45

Snow loose - 25

Rolling ResistanceRolling Resistance

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3757

Rolling Resistance 15 - 20

Asphalt Paved Road Well Maintained Unpaved RoadRolling Resistance 25~30 Rolling Resistance 35

Compacted maintained by MotorGrader but still soft on surface

Rolling ResistanceRolling Resistance

Soft not well maintained such asloading area

Rolling Resistance 50

Badly maintained not compacted

Rolling Resistance 80 Rolling Resistance 15~20

Not maintained at all Soft muddyNot for rigid dump trucks

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3857

bull ldquoOpenrdquo dimensionbull CBR 80 or greater crushed

Construction Methods andConstruction Methods and

MaterialsMaterials

bull Layers =lt 8 in (20 cm)bull Subbase 2 ft (06m) widerbull Repeated passes- -tracked

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3957

ndash Maximize Safety Speeds ndash Minimize Tire Wear ndash Minimize Spillage

Curve SuperelevationCurve Superelevation

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4057

Road WidthRoad Width

For mining with various of dump truck size follow the biggest dump truck

Dimensi lebar jalan 35 x lebar Dump Truck

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4157

Curve RadiusCurve Radius

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4257

Drainage ControlDrainage Control

Rapid removal of water

Adequate ditch capacity and incline

Crown appropriate for multiple-laneconstruction

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4357

Dump Truck Case StudyDump Truck Case Study

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4457

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4557

General Ripping InformationGeneral Ripping Information Ripper point Penetration ndash Key to Ripping Feasibility

Ripping Feasibility by Rock Type ndash Sedimentary Rocks ( sandstone shale limestone) ndash Feasible

ndash ndash

Questionable to Not Possible

Favorable Rock Characteristics for Ripping

ndash Stratified (Surface Cracking)

ndash Weathered ndash Laminated (Layered)

ndash Brittle

ndash Fractured

Ripping is More Technique than Science

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4657

Ripping Dozing TechniqueRipping Dozing Technique

Mengetahui arah lapisan kekerasanmaterial

Metode menumpuk material untukumpan excavator

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4757

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4857

Bench Height amp Bucket SizeRelationship

Bench HeightBench Height

1 Material height min 15 bucketheight minimum

2 Gravity Assistance needed

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4957

Wheel Loader Cycle Time FiguresWheel Loader Cycle Time Figures

Loader Type sec 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 40 42 44 46 48 50 52 54 56 58 60 62 64 66WA800

WA900

WA1200

Wheel Loader Application - V Cycle Loading

Digging Conditions Attention

= Easy 1) Cycle times are average figures and for diggable material only 2) Cycle times for standard attachments only

3) Hi-Lift specifications increase cycle times by approximately 2-3 seconds

= Average 4) Due to the many variables present at most job sites the preceding cycle

time figures are for planning purpose only and cannot be guaranteed

in any manner

= Severe

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5057

Wheel Loader ProductivityWheel Loader Productivity

Productivity Components

+ Truck Spot Time (1st Pass Delay)

+ Load Time (field cycle time data or estimates)

ndash Consider normal process delays such asbull Floor Clean-up

bull Face Development

bull Positioning etc

+ Wait for Trucks (if any)

Total Loading Tool Cycle Time per Truck

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5157

Wheel Loader ProductivityWheel Loader Productivity

Productivity Calculation

Production Minutes Hr (Job Efficiency Factor)

bull Operator efficiency amp motivation

bull Work organization

bull Management amp supervision

divide Loading Tool Cycle Time per Truck

Number of Trucks per Hour

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5257

Effects of OverloadingEffects of Overloading

1 Exceeds Rated Capacity

2 Machine Stability

3 Compromises Safety

4 Shortened Component Life

bull Boom Cracking

bull Hydraulic System

bull Tire Wear

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5357

Prinsip Pemuatan OptimalPrinsip Pemuatan Optimal

Waktu tunggu sekecil mungkin

Ideal Number of Passes = 3 ndash 5

(tidak ada frac12 bucket)

Kesesuaian dengan dump truck

ndash Loading Height ndash Reach

ndash Bucket Length

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5457

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5557

Fleet ProductivityFleet Productivity Total produksi material yang bisa tertransport per-

satuan waktu Satuan umum fleet productivity

Ritase alat angkutjam - =

HD785-5 = 42 bcmrit

PC1250 01 PC1250 02 PC2000 01475

630 - 700 Daily Daily Daily

700 - 800 506

800 - 900 330

900 - 1000 572

1000 - 1100 550

1100 - 1200 4181200 - 1300

1300 - 1400 462

1400 - 1500 Hujan Hujan Hujan

1500 - 1600 636

1600 - 1700 572

1700 - 1800 462

1800 - 1830 220Total per shift 4728

Rata2 perjam 4948

ExcavatorTarget BCMhr

Istirahat

Prestasi akhir fleet akan terlihat pada

performa alat angkut

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5657

Matching FactorMatching Factor

MF =Jml Excavator x CT DT

x x v x u

MF gt 1 DT antri

MF lt 1 Excavator nungguCommon practice MF = 09 - 1

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5757

Page 32: 2. Productivity_AED UT.pdf

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3257

Travel TimeTravel Time

Can be loaded travel or empty travel

Either Method Requires Detailed ProfileInformation such as

ndash Distance ndash Grade Resistance

ndash Rolling Resistance

ndash Speed Limits

ndash Curve Locations and Radius Figures

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3357

The sum of

ndash Spot and wait time

ndash Load time

Truck Cycle TimeTruck Cycle Time

ndash All travel time

ndash Turn amp dump time plus all other fixed time

Number of cycles hour equals ndash Define production time per hour

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3457

Haul Truck Performance Optimization

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3557

Critical Operating ParametersCritical Operating Parameters

PayloadPayload Typical Rolling Resistance ValuesTypical Rolling Resistance Values

o ng es s anceo ng es s ance

Construction Methods andConstruction Methods andMaterialsMaterials

Road CharacteristicRoad Characteristic DrainageDrainage

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3657

Typical Rolling Resistance ValuesTypical Rolling Resistance ValuesTire Rolling

Penetration Resistance

Hard smooth stabilized surface roadway withoutpenetration under load maintained watered

0 2

Firm smooth rolling roadway with dirt or light surfacingflexing slightly under load maintained watered

12-1 3

Conditions

Dirt roadway rutted flexing under load little maintenanceno water 1-2 in (25-50 mm) tire penetration 1-2 5

Rutted dirt roadway soft under travel no maintenance nostabilization 4-6 in (100-150 mm) tire penetration

4-6 8

Loose sand or gravel 6+ 10

Soft muddy rutted roadway no maintenance 6-12 10-20

Snow packed - 45

Snow loose - 25

Rolling ResistanceRolling Resistance

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3757

Rolling Resistance 15 - 20

Asphalt Paved Road Well Maintained Unpaved RoadRolling Resistance 25~30 Rolling Resistance 35

Compacted maintained by MotorGrader but still soft on surface

Rolling ResistanceRolling Resistance

Soft not well maintained such asloading area

Rolling Resistance 50

Badly maintained not compacted

Rolling Resistance 80 Rolling Resistance 15~20

Not maintained at all Soft muddyNot for rigid dump trucks

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3857

bull ldquoOpenrdquo dimensionbull CBR 80 or greater crushed

Construction Methods andConstruction Methods and

MaterialsMaterials

bull Layers =lt 8 in (20 cm)bull Subbase 2 ft (06m) widerbull Repeated passes- -tracked

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3957

ndash Maximize Safety Speeds ndash Minimize Tire Wear ndash Minimize Spillage

Curve SuperelevationCurve Superelevation

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4057

Road WidthRoad Width

For mining with various of dump truck size follow the biggest dump truck

Dimensi lebar jalan 35 x lebar Dump Truck

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4157

Curve RadiusCurve Radius

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4257

Drainage ControlDrainage Control

Rapid removal of water

Adequate ditch capacity and incline

Crown appropriate for multiple-laneconstruction

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4357

Dump Truck Case StudyDump Truck Case Study

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4457

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4557

General Ripping InformationGeneral Ripping Information Ripper point Penetration ndash Key to Ripping Feasibility

Ripping Feasibility by Rock Type ndash Sedimentary Rocks ( sandstone shale limestone) ndash Feasible

ndash ndash

Questionable to Not Possible

Favorable Rock Characteristics for Ripping

ndash Stratified (Surface Cracking)

ndash Weathered ndash Laminated (Layered)

ndash Brittle

ndash Fractured

Ripping is More Technique than Science

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4657

Ripping Dozing TechniqueRipping Dozing Technique

Mengetahui arah lapisan kekerasanmaterial

Metode menumpuk material untukumpan excavator

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4757

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4857

Bench Height amp Bucket SizeRelationship

Bench HeightBench Height

1 Material height min 15 bucketheight minimum

2 Gravity Assistance needed

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4957

Wheel Loader Cycle Time FiguresWheel Loader Cycle Time Figures

Loader Type sec 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 40 42 44 46 48 50 52 54 56 58 60 62 64 66WA800

WA900

WA1200

Wheel Loader Application - V Cycle Loading

Digging Conditions Attention

= Easy 1) Cycle times are average figures and for diggable material only 2) Cycle times for standard attachments only

3) Hi-Lift specifications increase cycle times by approximately 2-3 seconds

= Average 4) Due to the many variables present at most job sites the preceding cycle

time figures are for planning purpose only and cannot be guaranteed

in any manner

= Severe

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5057

Wheel Loader ProductivityWheel Loader Productivity

Productivity Components

+ Truck Spot Time (1st Pass Delay)

+ Load Time (field cycle time data or estimates)

ndash Consider normal process delays such asbull Floor Clean-up

bull Face Development

bull Positioning etc

+ Wait for Trucks (if any)

Total Loading Tool Cycle Time per Truck

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5157

Wheel Loader ProductivityWheel Loader Productivity

Productivity Calculation

Production Minutes Hr (Job Efficiency Factor)

bull Operator efficiency amp motivation

bull Work organization

bull Management amp supervision

divide Loading Tool Cycle Time per Truck

Number of Trucks per Hour

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5257

Effects of OverloadingEffects of Overloading

1 Exceeds Rated Capacity

2 Machine Stability

3 Compromises Safety

4 Shortened Component Life

bull Boom Cracking

bull Hydraulic System

bull Tire Wear

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5357

Prinsip Pemuatan OptimalPrinsip Pemuatan Optimal

Waktu tunggu sekecil mungkin

Ideal Number of Passes = 3 ndash 5

(tidak ada frac12 bucket)

Kesesuaian dengan dump truck

ndash Loading Height ndash Reach

ndash Bucket Length

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5457

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5557

Fleet ProductivityFleet Productivity Total produksi material yang bisa tertransport per-

satuan waktu Satuan umum fleet productivity

Ritase alat angkutjam - =

HD785-5 = 42 bcmrit

PC1250 01 PC1250 02 PC2000 01475

630 - 700 Daily Daily Daily

700 - 800 506

800 - 900 330

900 - 1000 572

1000 - 1100 550

1100 - 1200 4181200 - 1300

1300 - 1400 462

1400 - 1500 Hujan Hujan Hujan

1500 - 1600 636

1600 - 1700 572

1700 - 1800 462

1800 - 1830 220Total per shift 4728

Rata2 perjam 4948

ExcavatorTarget BCMhr

Istirahat

Prestasi akhir fleet akan terlihat pada

performa alat angkut

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5657

Matching FactorMatching Factor

MF =Jml Excavator x CT DT

x x v x u

MF gt 1 DT antri

MF lt 1 Excavator nungguCommon practice MF = 09 - 1

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5757

Page 33: 2. Productivity_AED UT.pdf

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3357

The sum of

ndash Spot and wait time

ndash Load time

Truck Cycle TimeTruck Cycle Time

ndash All travel time

ndash Turn amp dump time plus all other fixed time

Number of cycles hour equals ndash Define production time per hour

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3457

Haul Truck Performance Optimization

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3557

Critical Operating ParametersCritical Operating Parameters

PayloadPayload Typical Rolling Resistance ValuesTypical Rolling Resistance Values

o ng es s anceo ng es s ance

Construction Methods andConstruction Methods andMaterialsMaterials

Road CharacteristicRoad Characteristic DrainageDrainage

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3657

Typical Rolling Resistance ValuesTypical Rolling Resistance ValuesTire Rolling

Penetration Resistance

Hard smooth stabilized surface roadway withoutpenetration under load maintained watered

0 2

Firm smooth rolling roadway with dirt or light surfacingflexing slightly under load maintained watered

12-1 3

Conditions

Dirt roadway rutted flexing under load little maintenanceno water 1-2 in (25-50 mm) tire penetration 1-2 5

Rutted dirt roadway soft under travel no maintenance nostabilization 4-6 in (100-150 mm) tire penetration

4-6 8

Loose sand or gravel 6+ 10

Soft muddy rutted roadway no maintenance 6-12 10-20

Snow packed - 45

Snow loose - 25

Rolling ResistanceRolling Resistance

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3757

Rolling Resistance 15 - 20

Asphalt Paved Road Well Maintained Unpaved RoadRolling Resistance 25~30 Rolling Resistance 35

Compacted maintained by MotorGrader but still soft on surface

Rolling ResistanceRolling Resistance

Soft not well maintained such asloading area

Rolling Resistance 50

Badly maintained not compacted

Rolling Resistance 80 Rolling Resistance 15~20

Not maintained at all Soft muddyNot for rigid dump trucks

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3857

bull ldquoOpenrdquo dimensionbull CBR 80 or greater crushed

Construction Methods andConstruction Methods and

MaterialsMaterials

bull Layers =lt 8 in (20 cm)bull Subbase 2 ft (06m) widerbull Repeated passes- -tracked

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3957

ndash Maximize Safety Speeds ndash Minimize Tire Wear ndash Minimize Spillage

Curve SuperelevationCurve Superelevation

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4057

Road WidthRoad Width

For mining with various of dump truck size follow the biggest dump truck

Dimensi lebar jalan 35 x lebar Dump Truck

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4157

Curve RadiusCurve Radius

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4257

Drainage ControlDrainage Control

Rapid removal of water

Adequate ditch capacity and incline

Crown appropriate for multiple-laneconstruction

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4357

Dump Truck Case StudyDump Truck Case Study

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4457

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4557

General Ripping InformationGeneral Ripping Information Ripper point Penetration ndash Key to Ripping Feasibility

Ripping Feasibility by Rock Type ndash Sedimentary Rocks ( sandstone shale limestone) ndash Feasible

ndash ndash

Questionable to Not Possible

Favorable Rock Characteristics for Ripping

ndash Stratified (Surface Cracking)

ndash Weathered ndash Laminated (Layered)

ndash Brittle

ndash Fractured

Ripping is More Technique than Science

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4657

Ripping Dozing TechniqueRipping Dozing Technique

Mengetahui arah lapisan kekerasanmaterial

Metode menumpuk material untukumpan excavator

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4757

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4857

Bench Height amp Bucket SizeRelationship

Bench HeightBench Height

1 Material height min 15 bucketheight minimum

2 Gravity Assistance needed

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4957

Wheel Loader Cycle Time FiguresWheel Loader Cycle Time Figures

Loader Type sec 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 40 42 44 46 48 50 52 54 56 58 60 62 64 66WA800

WA900

WA1200

Wheel Loader Application - V Cycle Loading

Digging Conditions Attention

= Easy 1) Cycle times are average figures and for diggable material only 2) Cycle times for standard attachments only

3) Hi-Lift specifications increase cycle times by approximately 2-3 seconds

= Average 4) Due to the many variables present at most job sites the preceding cycle

time figures are for planning purpose only and cannot be guaranteed

in any manner

= Severe

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5057

Wheel Loader ProductivityWheel Loader Productivity

Productivity Components

+ Truck Spot Time (1st Pass Delay)

+ Load Time (field cycle time data or estimates)

ndash Consider normal process delays such asbull Floor Clean-up

bull Face Development

bull Positioning etc

+ Wait for Trucks (if any)

Total Loading Tool Cycle Time per Truck

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5157

Wheel Loader ProductivityWheel Loader Productivity

Productivity Calculation

Production Minutes Hr (Job Efficiency Factor)

bull Operator efficiency amp motivation

bull Work organization

bull Management amp supervision

divide Loading Tool Cycle Time per Truck

Number of Trucks per Hour

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5257

Effects of OverloadingEffects of Overloading

1 Exceeds Rated Capacity

2 Machine Stability

3 Compromises Safety

4 Shortened Component Life

bull Boom Cracking

bull Hydraulic System

bull Tire Wear

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5357

Prinsip Pemuatan OptimalPrinsip Pemuatan Optimal

Waktu tunggu sekecil mungkin

Ideal Number of Passes = 3 ndash 5

(tidak ada frac12 bucket)

Kesesuaian dengan dump truck

ndash Loading Height ndash Reach

ndash Bucket Length

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5457

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5557

Fleet ProductivityFleet Productivity Total produksi material yang bisa tertransport per-

satuan waktu Satuan umum fleet productivity

Ritase alat angkutjam - =

HD785-5 = 42 bcmrit

PC1250 01 PC1250 02 PC2000 01475

630 - 700 Daily Daily Daily

700 - 800 506

800 - 900 330

900 - 1000 572

1000 - 1100 550

1100 - 1200 4181200 - 1300

1300 - 1400 462

1400 - 1500 Hujan Hujan Hujan

1500 - 1600 636

1600 - 1700 572

1700 - 1800 462

1800 - 1830 220Total per shift 4728

Rata2 perjam 4948

ExcavatorTarget BCMhr

Istirahat

Prestasi akhir fleet akan terlihat pada

performa alat angkut

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5657

Matching FactorMatching Factor

MF =Jml Excavator x CT DT

x x v x u

MF gt 1 DT antri

MF lt 1 Excavator nungguCommon practice MF = 09 - 1

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5757

Page 34: 2. Productivity_AED UT.pdf

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3457

Haul Truck Performance Optimization

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3557

Critical Operating ParametersCritical Operating Parameters

PayloadPayload Typical Rolling Resistance ValuesTypical Rolling Resistance Values

o ng es s anceo ng es s ance

Construction Methods andConstruction Methods andMaterialsMaterials

Road CharacteristicRoad Characteristic DrainageDrainage

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3657

Typical Rolling Resistance ValuesTypical Rolling Resistance ValuesTire Rolling

Penetration Resistance

Hard smooth stabilized surface roadway withoutpenetration under load maintained watered

0 2

Firm smooth rolling roadway with dirt or light surfacingflexing slightly under load maintained watered

12-1 3

Conditions

Dirt roadway rutted flexing under load little maintenanceno water 1-2 in (25-50 mm) tire penetration 1-2 5

Rutted dirt roadway soft under travel no maintenance nostabilization 4-6 in (100-150 mm) tire penetration

4-6 8

Loose sand or gravel 6+ 10

Soft muddy rutted roadway no maintenance 6-12 10-20

Snow packed - 45

Snow loose - 25

Rolling ResistanceRolling Resistance

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3757

Rolling Resistance 15 - 20

Asphalt Paved Road Well Maintained Unpaved RoadRolling Resistance 25~30 Rolling Resistance 35

Compacted maintained by MotorGrader but still soft on surface

Rolling ResistanceRolling Resistance

Soft not well maintained such asloading area

Rolling Resistance 50

Badly maintained not compacted

Rolling Resistance 80 Rolling Resistance 15~20

Not maintained at all Soft muddyNot for rigid dump trucks

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3857

bull ldquoOpenrdquo dimensionbull CBR 80 or greater crushed

Construction Methods andConstruction Methods and

MaterialsMaterials

bull Layers =lt 8 in (20 cm)bull Subbase 2 ft (06m) widerbull Repeated passes- -tracked

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3957

ndash Maximize Safety Speeds ndash Minimize Tire Wear ndash Minimize Spillage

Curve SuperelevationCurve Superelevation

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4057

Road WidthRoad Width

For mining with various of dump truck size follow the biggest dump truck

Dimensi lebar jalan 35 x lebar Dump Truck

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4157

Curve RadiusCurve Radius

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4257

Drainage ControlDrainage Control

Rapid removal of water

Adequate ditch capacity and incline

Crown appropriate for multiple-laneconstruction

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4357

Dump Truck Case StudyDump Truck Case Study

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4457

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4557

General Ripping InformationGeneral Ripping Information Ripper point Penetration ndash Key to Ripping Feasibility

Ripping Feasibility by Rock Type ndash Sedimentary Rocks ( sandstone shale limestone) ndash Feasible

ndash ndash

Questionable to Not Possible

Favorable Rock Characteristics for Ripping

ndash Stratified (Surface Cracking)

ndash Weathered ndash Laminated (Layered)

ndash Brittle

ndash Fractured

Ripping is More Technique than Science

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4657

Ripping Dozing TechniqueRipping Dozing Technique

Mengetahui arah lapisan kekerasanmaterial

Metode menumpuk material untukumpan excavator

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4757

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4857

Bench Height amp Bucket SizeRelationship

Bench HeightBench Height

1 Material height min 15 bucketheight minimum

2 Gravity Assistance needed

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4957

Wheel Loader Cycle Time FiguresWheel Loader Cycle Time Figures

Loader Type sec 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 40 42 44 46 48 50 52 54 56 58 60 62 64 66WA800

WA900

WA1200

Wheel Loader Application - V Cycle Loading

Digging Conditions Attention

= Easy 1) Cycle times are average figures and for diggable material only 2) Cycle times for standard attachments only

3) Hi-Lift specifications increase cycle times by approximately 2-3 seconds

= Average 4) Due to the many variables present at most job sites the preceding cycle

time figures are for planning purpose only and cannot be guaranteed

in any manner

= Severe

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5057

Wheel Loader ProductivityWheel Loader Productivity

Productivity Components

+ Truck Spot Time (1st Pass Delay)

+ Load Time (field cycle time data or estimates)

ndash Consider normal process delays such asbull Floor Clean-up

bull Face Development

bull Positioning etc

+ Wait for Trucks (if any)

Total Loading Tool Cycle Time per Truck

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5157

Wheel Loader ProductivityWheel Loader Productivity

Productivity Calculation

Production Minutes Hr (Job Efficiency Factor)

bull Operator efficiency amp motivation

bull Work organization

bull Management amp supervision

divide Loading Tool Cycle Time per Truck

Number of Trucks per Hour

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5257

Effects of OverloadingEffects of Overloading

1 Exceeds Rated Capacity

2 Machine Stability

3 Compromises Safety

4 Shortened Component Life

bull Boom Cracking

bull Hydraulic System

bull Tire Wear

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5357

Prinsip Pemuatan OptimalPrinsip Pemuatan Optimal

Waktu tunggu sekecil mungkin

Ideal Number of Passes = 3 ndash 5

(tidak ada frac12 bucket)

Kesesuaian dengan dump truck

ndash Loading Height ndash Reach

ndash Bucket Length

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5457

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5557

Fleet ProductivityFleet Productivity Total produksi material yang bisa tertransport per-

satuan waktu Satuan umum fleet productivity

Ritase alat angkutjam - =

HD785-5 = 42 bcmrit

PC1250 01 PC1250 02 PC2000 01475

630 - 700 Daily Daily Daily

700 - 800 506

800 - 900 330

900 - 1000 572

1000 - 1100 550

1100 - 1200 4181200 - 1300

1300 - 1400 462

1400 - 1500 Hujan Hujan Hujan

1500 - 1600 636

1600 - 1700 572

1700 - 1800 462

1800 - 1830 220Total per shift 4728

Rata2 perjam 4948

ExcavatorTarget BCMhr

Istirahat

Prestasi akhir fleet akan terlihat pada

performa alat angkut

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5657

Matching FactorMatching Factor

MF =Jml Excavator x CT DT

x x v x u

MF gt 1 DT antri

MF lt 1 Excavator nungguCommon practice MF = 09 - 1

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5757

Page 35: 2. Productivity_AED UT.pdf

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3557

Critical Operating ParametersCritical Operating Parameters

PayloadPayload Typical Rolling Resistance ValuesTypical Rolling Resistance Values

o ng es s anceo ng es s ance

Construction Methods andConstruction Methods andMaterialsMaterials

Road CharacteristicRoad Characteristic DrainageDrainage

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3657

Typical Rolling Resistance ValuesTypical Rolling Resistance ValuesTire Rolling

Penetration Resistance

Hard smooth stabilized surface roadway withoutpenetration under load maintained watered

0 2

Firm smooth rolling roadway with dirt or light surfacingflexing slightly under load maintained watered

12-1 3

Conditions

Dirt roadway rutted flexing under load little maintenanceno water 1-2 in (25-50 mm) tire penetration 1-2 5

Rutted dirt roadway soft under travel no maintenance nostabilization 4-6 in (100-150 mm) tire penetration

4-6 8

Loose sand or gravel 6+ 10

Soft muddy rutted roadway no maintenance 6-12 10-20

Snow packed - 45

Snow loose - 25

Rolling ResistanceRolling Resistance

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3757

Rolling Resistance 15 - 20

Asphalt Paved Road Well Maintained Unpaved RoadRolling Resistance 25~30 Rolling Resistance 35

Compacted maintained by MotorGrader but still soft on surface

Rolling ResistanceRolling Resistance

Soft not well maintained such asloading area

Rolling Resistance 50

Badly maintained not compacted

Rolling Resistance 80 Rolling Resistance 15~20

Not maintained at all Soft muddyNot for rigid dump trucks

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3857

bull ldquoOpenrdquo dimensionbull CBR 80 or greater crushed

Construction Methods andConstruction Methods and

MaterialsMaterials

bull Layers =lt 8 in (20 cm)bull Subbase 2 ft (06m) widerbull Repeated passes- -tracked

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3957

ndash Maximize Safety Speeds ndash Minimize Tire Wear ndash Minimize Spillage

Curve SuperelevationCurve Superelevation

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4057

Road WidthRoad Width

For mining with various of dump truck size follow the biggest dump truck

Dimensi lebar jalan 35 x lebar Dump Truck

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4157

Curve RadiusCurve Radius

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4257

Drainage ControlDrainage Control

Rapid removal of water

Adequate ditch capacity and incline

Crown appropriate for multiple-laneconstruction

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4357

Dump Truck Case StudyDump Truck Case Study

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4457

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4557

General Ripping InformationGeneral Ripping Information Ripper point Penetration ndash Key to Ripping Feasibility

Ripping Feasibility by Rock Type ndash Sedimentary Rocks ( sandstone shale limestone) ndash Feasible

ndash ndash

Questionable to Not Possible

Favorable Rock Characteristics for Ripping

ndash Stratified (Surface Cracking)

ndash Weathered ndash Laminated (Layered)

ndash Brittle

ndash Fractured

Ripping is More Technique than Science

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4657

Ripping Dozing TechniqueRipping Dozing Technique

Mengetahui arah lapisan kekerasanmaterial

Metode menumpuk material untukumpan excavator

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4757

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4857

Bench Height amp Bucket SizeRelationship

Bench HeightBench Height

1 Material height min 15 bucketheight minimum

2 Gravity Assistance needed

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4957

Wheel Loader Cycle Time FiguresWheel Loader Cycle Time Figures

Loader Type sec 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 40 42 44 46 48 50 52 54 56 58 60 62 64 66WA800

WA900

WA1200

Wheel Loader Application - V Cycle Loading

Digging Conditions Attention

= Easy 1) Cycle times are average figures and for diggable material only 2) Cycle times for standard attachments only

3) Hi-Lift specifications increase cycle times by approximately 2-3 seconds

= Average 4) Due to the many variables present at most job sites the preceding cycle

time figures are for planning purpose only and cannot be guaranteed

in any manner

= Severe

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5057

Wheel Loader ProductivityWheel Loader Productivity

Productivity Components

+ Truck Spot Time (1st Pass Delay)

+ Load Time (field cycle time data or estimates)

ndash Consider normal process delays such asbull Floor Clean-up

bull Face Development

bull Positioning etc

+ Wait for Trucks (if any)

Total Loading Tool Cycle Time per Truck

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5157

Wheel Loader ProductivityWheel Loader Productivity

Productivity Calculation

Production Minutes Hr (Job Efficiency Factor)

bull Operator efficiency amp motivation

bull Work organization

bull Management amp supervision

divide Loading Tool Cycle Time per Truck

Number of Trucks per Hour

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5257

Effects of OverloadingEffects of Overloading

1 Exceeds Rated Capacity

2 Machine Stability

3 Compromises Safety

4 Shortened Component Life

bull Boom Cracking

bull Hydraulic System

bull Tire Wear

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5357

Prinsip Pemuatan OptimalPrinsip Pemuatan Optimal

Waktu tunggu sekecil mungkin

Ideal Number of Passes = 3 ndash 5

(tidak ada frac12 bucket)

Kesesuaian dengan dump truck

ndash Loading Height ndash Reach

ndash Bucket Length

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5457

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5557

Fleet ProductivityFleet Productivity Total produksi material yang bisa tertransport per-

satuan waktu Satuan umum fleet productivity

Ritase alat angkutjam - =

HD785-5 = 42 bcmrit

PC1250 01 PC1250 02 PC2000 01475

630 - 700 Daily Daily Daily

700 - 800 506

800 - 900 330

900 - 1000 572

1000 - 1100 550

1100 - 1200 4181200 - 1300

1300 - 1400 462

1400 - 1500 Hujan Hujan Hujan

1500 - 1600 636

1600 - 1700 572

1700 - 1800 462

1800 - 1830 220Total per shift 4728

Rata2 perjam 4948

ExcavatorTarget BCMhr

Istirahat

Prestasi akhir fleet akan terlihat pada

performa alat angkut

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5657

Matching FactorMatching Factor

MF =Jml Excavator x CT DT

x x v x u

MF gt 1 DT antri

MF lt 1 Excavator nungguCommon practice MF = 09 - 1

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5757

Page 36: 2. Productivity_AED UT.pdf

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3657

Typical Rolling Resistance ValuesTypical Rolling Resistance ValuesTire Rolling

Penetration Resistance

Hard smooth stabilized surface roadway withoutpenetration under load maintained watered

0 2

Firm smooth rolling roadway with dirt or light surfacingflexing slightly under load maintained watered

12-1 3

Conditions

Dirt roadway rutted flexing under load little maintenanceno water 1-2 in (25-50 mm) tire penetration 1-2 5

Rutted dirt roadway soft under travel no maintenance nostabilization 4-6 in (100-150 mm) tire penetration

4-6 8

Loose sand or gravel 6+ 10

Soft muddy rutted roadway no maintenance 6-12 10-20

Snow packed - 45

Snow loose - 25

Rolling ResistanceRolling Resistance

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3757

Rolling Resistance 15 - 20

Asphalt Paved Road Well Maintained Unpaved RoadRolling Resistance 25~30 Rolling Resistance 35

Compacted maintained by MotorGrader but still soft on surface

Rolling ResistanceRolling Resistance

Soft not well maintained such asloading area

Rolling Resistance 50

Badly maintained not compacted

Rolling Resistance 80 Rolling Resistance 15~20

Not maintained at all Soft muddyNot for rigid dump trucks

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3857

bull ldquoOpenrdquo dimensionbull CBR 80 or greater crushed

Construction Methods andConstruction Methods and

MaterialsMaterials

bull Layers =lt 8 in (20 cm)bull Subbase 2 ft (06m) widerbull Repeated passes- -tracked

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3957

ndash Maximize Safety Speeds ndash Minimize Tire Wear ndash Minimize Spillage

Curve SuperelevationCurve Superelevation

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4057

Road WidthRoad Width

For mining with various of dump truck size follow the biggest dump truck

Dimensi lebar jalan 35 x lebar Dump Truck

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4157

Curve RadiusCurve Radius

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4257

Drainage ControlDrainage Control

Rapid removal of water

Adequate ditch capacity and incline

Crown appropriate for multiple-laneconstruction

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4357

Dump Truck Case StudyDump Truck Case Study

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4457

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4557

General Ripping InformationGeneral Ripping Information Ripper point Penetration ndash Key to Ripping Feasibility

Ripping Feasibility by Rock Type ndash Sedimentary Rocks ( sandstone shale limestone) ndash Feasible

ndash ndash

Questionable to Not Possible

Favorable Rock Characteristics for Ripping

ndash Stratified (Surface Cracking)

ndash Weathered ndash Laminated (Layered)

ndash Brittle

ndash Fractured

Ripping is More Technique than Science

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4657

Ripping Dozing TechniqueRipping Dozing Technique

Mengetahui arah lapisan kekerasanmaterial

Metode menumpuk material untukumpan excavator

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4757

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4857

Bench Height amp Bucket SizeRelationship

Bench HeightBench Height

1 Material height min 15 bucketheight minimum

2 Gravity Assistance needed

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4957

Wheel Loader Cycle Time FiguresWheel Loader Cycle Time Figures

Loader Type sec 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 40 42 44 46 48 50 52 54 56 58 60 62 64 66WA800

WA900

WA1200

Wheel Loader Application - V Cycle Loading

Digging Conditions Attention

= Easy 1) Cycle times are average figures and for diggable material only 2) Cycle times for standard attachments only

3) Hi-Lift specifications increase cycle times by approximately 2-3 seconds

= Average 4) Due to the many variables present at most job sites the preceding cycle

time figures are for planning purpose only and cannot be guaranteed

in any manner

= Severe

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5057

Wheel Loader ProductivityWheel Loader Productivity

Productivity Components

+ Truck Spot Time (1st Pass Delay)

+ Load Time (field cycle time data or estimates)

ndash Consider normal process delays such asbull Floor Clean-up

bull Face Development

bull Positioning etc

+ Wait for Trucks (if any)

Total Loading Tool Cycle Time per Truck

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5157

Wheel Loader ProductivityWheel Loader Productivity

Productivity Calculation

Production Minutes Hr (Job Efficiency Factor)

bull Operator efficiency amp motivation

bull Work organization

bull Management amp supervision

divide Loading Tool Cycle Time per Truck

Number of Trucks per Hour

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5257

Effects of OverloadingEffects of Overloading

1 Exceeds Rated Capacity

2 Machine Stability

3 Compromises Safety

4 Shortened Component Life

bull Boom Cracking

bull Hydraulic System

bull Tire Wear

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5357

Prinsip Pemuatan OptimalPrinsip Pemuatan Optimal

Waktu tunggu sekecil mungkin

Ideal Number of Passes = 3 ndash 5

(tidak ada frac12 bucket)

Kesesuaian dengan dump truck

ndash Loading Height ndash Reach

ndash Bucket Length

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5457

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5557

Fleet ProductivityFleet Productivity Total produksi material yang bisa tertransport per-

satuan waktu Satuan umum fleet productivity

Ritase alat angkutjam - =

HD785-5 = 42 bcmrit

PC1250 01 PC1250 02 PC2000 01475

630 - 700 Daily Daily Daily

700 - 800 506

800 - 900 330

900 - 1000 572

1000 - 1100 550

1100 - 1200 4181200 - 1300

1300 - 1400 462

1400 - 1500 Hujan Hujan Hujan

1500 - 1600 636

1600 - 1700 572

1700 - 1800 462

1800 - 1830 220Total per shift 4728

Rata2 perjam 4948

ExcavatorTarget BCMhr

Istirahat

Prestasi akhir fleet akan terlihat pada

performa alat angkut

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5657

Matching FactorMatching Factor

MF =Jml Excavator x CT DT

x x v x u

MF gt 1 DT antri

MF lt 1 Excavator nungguCommon practice MF = 09 - 1

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5757

Page 37: 2. Productivity_AED UT.pdf

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3757

Rolling Resistance 15 - 20

Asphalt Paved Road Well Maintained Unpaved RoadRolling Resistance 25~30 Rolling Resistance 35

Compacted maintained by MotorGrader but still soft on surface

Rolling ResistanceRolling Resistance

Soft not well maintained such asloading area

Rolling Resistance 50

Badly maintained not compacted

Rolling Resistance 80 Rolling Resistance 15~20

Not maintained at all Soft muddyNot for rigid dump trucks

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3857

bull ldquoOpenrdquo dimensionbull CBR 80 or greater crushed

Construction Methods andConstruction Methods and

MaterialsMaterials

bull Layers =lt 8 in (20 cm)bull Subbase 2 ft (06m) widerbull Repeated passes- -tracked

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3957

ndash Maximize Safety Speeds ndash Minimize Tire Wear ndash Minimize Spillage

Curve SuperelevationCurve Superelevation

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4057

Road WidthRoad Width

For mining with various of dump truck size follow the biggest dump truck

Dimensi lebar jalan 35 x lebar Dump Truck

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4157

Curve RadiusCurve Radius

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4257

Drainage ControlDrainage Control

Rapid removal of water

Adequate ditch capacity and incline

Crown appropriate for multiple-laneconstruction

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4357

Dump Truck Case StudyDump Truck Case Study

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4457

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4557

General Ripping InformationGeneral Ripping Information Ripper point Penetration ndash Key to Ripping Feasibility

Ripping Feasibility by Rock Type ndash Sedimentary Rocks ( sandstone shale limestone) ndash Feasible

ndash ndash

Questionable to Not Possible

Favorable Rock Characteristics for Ripping

ndash Stratified (Surface Cracking)

ndash Weathered ndash Laminated (Layered)

ndash Brittle

ndash Fractured

Ripping is More Technique than Science

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4657

Ripping Dozing TechniqueRipping Dozing Technique

Mengetahui arah lapisan kekerasanmaterial

Metode menumpuk material untukumpan excavator

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4757

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4857

Bench Height amp Bucket SizeRelationship

Bench HeightBench Height

1 Material height min 15 bucketheight minimum

2 Gravity Assistance needed

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4957

Wheel Loader Cycle Time FiguresWheel Loader Cycle Time Figures

Loader Type sec 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 40 42 44 46 48 50 52 54 56 58 60 62 64 66WA800

WA900

WA1200

Wheel Loader Application - V Cycle Loading

Digging Conditions Attention

= Easy 1) Cycle times are average figures and for diggable material only 2) Cycle times for standard attachments only

3) Hi-Lift specifications increase cycle times by approximately 2-3 seconds

= Average 4) Due to the many variables present at most job sites the preceding cycle

time figures are for planning purpose only and cannot be guaranteed

in any manner

= Severe

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5057

Wheel Loader ProductivityWheel Loader Productivity

Productivity Components

+ Truck Spot Time (1st Pass Delay)

+ Load Time (field cycle time data or estimates)

ndash Consider normal process delays such asbull Floor Clean-up

bull Face Development

bull Positioning etc

+ Wait for Trucks (if any)

Total Loading Tool Cycle Time per Truck

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5157

Wheel Loader ProductivityWheel Loader Productivity

Productivity Calculation

Production Minutes Hr (Job Efficiency Factor)

bull Operator efficiency amp motivation

bull Work organization

bull Management amp supervision

divide Loading Tool Cycle Time per Truck

Number of Trucks per Hour

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5257

Effects of OverloadingEffects of Overloading

1 Exceeds Rated Capacity

2 Machine Stability

3 Compromises Safety

4 Shortened Component Life

bull Boom Cracking

bull Hydraulic System

bull Tire Wear

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5357

Prinsip Pemuatan OptimalPrinsip Pemuatan Optimal

Waktu tunggu sekecil mungkin

Ideal Number of Passes = 3 ndash 5

(tidak ada frac12 bucket)

Kesesuaian dengan dump truck

ndash Loading Height ndash Reach

ndash Bucket Length

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5457

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5557

Fleet ProductivityFleet Productivity Total produksi material yang bisa tertransport per-

satuan waktu Satuan umum fleet productivity

Ritase alat angkutjam - =

HD785-5 = 42 bcmrit

PC1250 01 PC1250 02 PC2000 01475

630 - 700 Daily Daily Daily

700 - 800 506

800 - 900 330

900 - 1000 572

1000 - 1100 550

1100 - 1200 4181200 - 1300

1300 - 1400 462

1400 - 1500 Hujan Hujan Hujan

1500 - 1600 636

1600 - 1700 572

1700 - 1800 462

1800 - 1830 220Total per shift 4728

Rata2 perjam 4948

ExcavatorTarget BCMhr

Istirahat

Prestasi akhir fleet akan terlihat pada

performa alat angkut

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5657

Matching FactorMatching Factor

MF =Jml Excavator x CT DT

x x v x u

MF gt 1 DT antri

MF lt 1 Excavator nungguCommon practice MF = 09 - 1

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5757

Page 38: 2. Productivity_AED UT.pdf

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3857

bull ldquoOpenrdquo dimensionbull CBR 80 or greater crushed

Construction Methods andConstruction Methods and

MaterialsMaterials

bull Layers =lt 8 in (20 cm)bull Subbase 2 ft (06m) widerbull Repeated passes- -tracked

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3957

ndash Maximize Safety Speeds ndash Minimize Tire Wear ndash Minimize Spillage

Curve SuperelevationCurve Superelevation

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4057

Road WidthRoad Width

For mining with various of dump truck size follow the biggest dump truck

Dimensi lebar jalan 35 x lebar Dump Truck

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4157

Curve RadiusCurve Radius

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4257

Drainage ControlDrainage Control

Rapid removal of water

Adequate ditch capacity and incline

Crown appropriate for multiple-laneconstruction

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4357

Dump Truck Case StudyDump Truck Case Study

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4457

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4557

General Ripping InformationGeneral Ripping Information Ripper point Penetration ndash Key to Ripping Feasibility

Ripping Feasibility by Rock Type ndash Sedimentary Rocks ( sandstone shale limestone) ndash Feasible

ndash ndash

Questionable to Not Possible

Favorable Rock Characteristics for Ripping

ndash Stratified (Surface Cracking)

ndash Weathered ndash Laminated (Layered)

ndash Brittle

ndash Fractured

Ripping is More Technique than Science

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4657

Ripping Dozing TechniqueRipping Dozing Technique

Mengetahui arah lapisan kekerasanmaterial

Metode menumpuk material untukumpan excavator

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4757

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4857

Bench Height amp Bucket SizeRelationship

Bench HeightBench Height

1 Material height min 15 bucketheight minimum

2 Gravity Assistance needed

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4957

Wheel Loader Cycle Time FiguresWheel Loader Cycle Time Figures

Loader Type sec 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 40 42 44 46 48 50 52 54 56 58 60 62 64 66WA800

WA900

WA1200

Wheel Loader Application - V Cycle Loading

Digging Conditions Attention

= Easy 1) Cycle times are average figures and for diggable material only 2) Cycle times for standard attachments only

3) Hi-Lift specifications increase cycle times by approximately 2-3 seconds

= Average 4) Due to the many variables present at most job sites the preceding cycle

time figures are for planning purpose only and cannot be guaranteed

in any manner

= Severe

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5057

Wheel Loader ProductivityWheel Loader Productivity

Productivity Components

+ Truck Spot Time (1st Pass Delay)

+ Load Time (field cycle time data or estimates)

ndash Consider normal process delays such asbull Floor Clean-up

bull Face Development

bull Positioning etc

+ Wait for Trucks (if any)

Total Loading Tool Cycle Time per Truck

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5157

Wheel Loader ProductivityWheel Loader Productivity

Productivity Calculation

Production Minutes Hr (Job Efficiency Factor)

bull Operator efficiency amp motivation

bull Work organization

bull Management amp supervision

divide Loading Tool Cycle Time per Truck

Number of Trucks per Hour

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5257

Effects of OverloadingEffects of Overloading

1 Exceeds Rated Capacity

2 Machine Stability

3 Compromises Safety

4 Shortened Component Life

bull Boom Cracking

bull Hydraulic System

bull Tire Wear

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5357

Prinsip Pemuatan OptimalPrinsip Pemuatan Optimal

Waktu tunggu sekecil mungkin

Ideal Number of Passes = 3 ndash 5

(tidak ada frac12 bucket)

Kesesuaian dengan dump truck

ndash Loading Height ndash Reach

ndash Bucket Length

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5457

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5557

Fleet ProductivityFleet Productivity Total produksi material yang bisa tertransport per-

satuan waktu Satuan umum fleet productivity

Ritase alat angkutjam - =

HD785-5 = 42 bcmrit

PC1250 01 PC1250 02 PC2000 01475

630 - 700 Daily Daily Daily

700 - 800 506

800 - 900 330

900 - 1000 572

1000 - 1100 550

1100 - 1200 4181200 - 1300

1300 - 1400 462

1400 - 1500 Hujan Hujan Hujan

1500 - 1600 636

1600 - 1700 572

1700 - 1800 462

1800 - 1830 220Total per shift 4728

Rata2 perjam 4948

ExcavatorTarget BCMhr

Istirahat

Prestasi akhir fleet akan terlihat pada

performa alat angkut

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5657

Matching FactorMatching Factor

MF =Jml Excavator x CT DT

x x v x u

MF gt 1 DT antri

MF lt 1 Excavator nungguCommon practice MF = 09 - 1

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5757

Page 39: 2. Productivity_AED UT.pdf

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 3957

ndash Maximize Safety Speeds ndash Minimize Tire Wear ndash Minimize Spillage

Curve SuperelevationCurve Superelevation

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4057

Road WidthRoad Width

For mining with various of dump truck size follow the biggest dump truck

Dimensi lebar jalan 35 x lebar Dump Truck

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4157

Curve RadiusCurve Radius

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4257

Drainage ControlDrainage Control

Rapid removal of water

Adequate ditch capacity and incline

Crown appropriate for multiple-laneconstruction

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4357

Dump Truck Case StudyDump Truck Case Study

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4457

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4557

General Ripping InformationGeneral Ripping Information Ripper point Penetration ndash Key to Ripping Feasibility

Ripping Feasibility by Rock Type ndash Sedimentary Rocks ( sandstone shale limestone) ndash Feasible

ndash ndash

Questionable to Not Possible

Favorable Rock Characteristics for Ripping

ndash Stratified (Surface Cracking)

ndash Weathered ndash Laminated (Layered)

ndash Brittle

ndash Fractured

Ripping is More Technique than Science

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4657

Ripping Dozing TechniqueRipping Dozing Technique

Mengetahui arah lapisan kekerasanmaterial

Metode menumpuk material untukumpan excavator

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4757

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4857

Bench Height amp Bucket SizeRelationship

Bench HeightBench Height

1 Material height min 15 bucketheight minimum

2 Gravity Assistance needed

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4957

Wheel Loader Cycle Time FiguresWheel Loader Cycle Time Figures

Loader Type sec 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 40 42 44 46 48 50 52 54 56 58 60 62 64 66WA800

WA900

WA1200

Wheel Loader Application - V Cycle Loading

Digging Conditions Attention

= Easy 1) Cycle times are average figures and for diggable material only 2) Cycle times for standard attachments only

3) Hi-Lift specifications increase cycle times by approximately 2-3 seconds

= Average 4) Due to the many variables present at most job sites the preceding cycle

time figures are for planning purpose only and cannot be guaranteed

in any manner

= Severe

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5057

Wheel Loader ProductivityWheel Loader Productivity

Productivity Components

+ Truck Spot Time (1st Pass Delay)

+ Load Time (field cycle time data or estimates)

ndash Consider normal process delays such asbull Floor Clean-up

bull Face Development

bull Positioning etc

+ Wait for Trucks (if any)

Total Loading Tool Cycle Time per Truck

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5157

Wheel Loader ProductivityWheel Loader Productivity

Productivity Calculation

Production Minutes Hr (Job Efficiency Factor)

bull Operator efficiency amp motivation

bull Work organization

bull Management amp supervision

divide Loading Tool Cycle Time per Truck

Number of Trucks per Hour

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5257

Effects of OverloadingEffects of Overloading

1 Exceeds Rated Capacity

2 Machine Stability

3 Compromises Safety

4 Shortened Component Life

bull Boom Cracking

bull Hydraulic System

bull Tire Wear

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5357

Prinsip Pemuatan OptimalPrinsip Pemuatan Optimal

Waktu tunggu sekecil mungkin

Ideal Number of Passes = 3 ndash 5

(tidak ada frac12 bucket)

Kesesuaian dengan dump truck

ndash Loading Height ndash Reach

ndash Bucket Length

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5457

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5557

Fleet ProductivityFleet Productivity Total produksi material yang bisa tertransport per-

satuan waktu Satuan umum fleet productivity

Ritase alat angkutjam - =

HD785-5 = 42 bcmrit

PC1250 01 PC1250 02 PC2000 01475

630 - 700 Daily Daily Daily

700 - 800 506

800 - 900 330

900 - 1000 572

1000 - 1100 550

1100 - 1200 4181200 - 1300

1300 - 1400 462

1400 - 1500 Hujan Hujan Hujan

1500 - 1600 636

1600 - 1700 572

1700 - 1800 462

1800 - 1830 220Total per shift 4728

Rata2 perjam 4948

ExcavatorTarget BCMhr

Istirahat

Prestasi akhir fleet akan terlihat pada

performa alat angkut

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5657

Matching FactorMatching Factor

MF =Jml Excavator x CT DT

x x v x u

MF gt 1 DT antri

MF lt 1 Excavator nungguCommon practice MF = 09 - 1

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5757

Page 40: 2. Productivity_AED UT.pdf

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4057

Road WidthRoad Width

For mining with various of dump truck size follow the biggest dump truck

Dimensi lebar jalan 35 x lebar Dump Truck

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4157

Curve RadiusCurve Radius

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4257

Drainage ControlDrainage Control

Rapid removal of water

Adequate ditch capacity and incline

Crown appropriate for multiple-laneconstruction

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4357

Dump Truck Case StudyDump Truck Case Study

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4457

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4557

General Ripping InformationGeneral Ripping Information Ripper point Penetration ndash Key to Ripping Feasibility

Ripping Feasibility by Rock Type ndash Sedimentary Rocks ( sandstone shale limestone) ndash Feasible

ndash ndash

Questionable to Not Possible

Favorable Rock Characteristics for Ripping

ndash Stratified (Surface Cracking)

ndash Weathered ndash Laminated (Layered)

ndash Brittle

ndash Fractured

Ripping is More Technique than Science

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4657

Ripping Dozing TechniqueRipping Dozing Technique

Mengetahui arah lapisan kekerasanmaterial

Metode menumpuk material untukumpan excavator

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4757

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4857

Bench Height amp Bucket SizeRelationship

Bench HeightBench Height

1 Material height min 15 bucketheight minimum

2 Gravity Assistance needed

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4957

Wheel Loader Cycle Time FiguresWheel Loader Cycle Time Figures

Loader Type sec 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 40 42 44 46 48 50 52 54 56 58 60 62 64 66WA800

WA900

WA1200

Wheel Loader Application - V Cycle Loading

Digging Conditions Attention

= Easy 1) Cycle times are average figures and for diggable material only 2) Cycle times for standard attachments only

3) Hi-Lift specifications increase cycle times by approximately 2-3 seconds

= Average 4) Due to the many variables present at most job sites the preceding cycle

time figures are for planning purpose only and cannot be guaranteed

in any manner

= Severe

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5057

Wheel Loader ProductivityWheel Loader Productivity

Productivity Components

+ Truck Spot Time (1st Pass Delay)

+ Load Time (field cycle time data or estimates)

ndash Consider normal process delays such asbull Floor Clean-up

bull Face Development

bull Positioning etc

+ Wait for Trucks (if any)

Total Loading Tool Cycle Time per Truck

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5157

Wheel Loader ProductivityWheel Loader Productivity

Productivity Calculation

Production Minutes Hr (Job Efficiency Factor)

bull Operator efficiency amp motivation

bull Work organization

bull Management amp supervision

divide Loading Tool Cycle Time per Truck

Number of Trucks per Hour

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5257

Effects of OverloadingEffects of Overloading

1 Exceeds Rated Capacity

2 Machine Stability

3 Compromises Safety

4 Shortened Component Life

bull Boom Cracking

bull Hydraulic System

bull Tire Wear

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5357

Prinsip Pemuatan OptimalPrinsip Pemuatan Optimal

Waktu tunggu sekecil mungkin

Ideal Number of Passes = 3 ndash 5

(tidak ada frac12 bucket)

Kesesuaian dengan dump truck

ndash Loading Height ndash Reach

ndash Bucket Length

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5457

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5557

Fleet ProductivityFleet Productivity Total produksi material yang bisa tertransport per-

satuan waktu Satuan umum fleet productivity

Ritase alat angkutjam - =

HD785-5 = 42 bcmrit

PC1250 01 PC1250 02 PC2000 01475

630 - 700 Daily Daily Daily

700 - 800 506

800 - 900 330

900 - 1000 572

1000 - 1100 550

1100 - 1200 4181200 - 1300

1300 - 1400 462

1400 - 1500 Hujan Hujan Hujan

1500 - 1600 636

1600 - 1700 572

1700 - 1800 462

1800 - 1830 220Total per shift 4728

Rata2 perjam 4948

ExcavatorTarget BCMhr

Istirahat

Prestasi akhir fleet akan terlihat pada

performa alat angkut

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5657

Matching FactorMatching Factor

MF =Jml Excavator x CT DT

x x v x u

MF gt 1 DT antri

MF lt 1 Excavator nungguCommon practice MF = 09 - 1

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5757

Page 41: 2. Productivity_AED UT.pdf

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4157

Curve RadiusCurve Radius

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4257

Drainage ControlDrainage Control

Rapid removal of water

Adequate ditch capacity and incline

Crown appropriate for multiple-laneconstruction

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4357

Dump Truck Case StudyDump Truck Case Study

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4457

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4557

General Ripping InformationGeneral Ripping Information Ripper point Penetration ndash Key to Ripping Feasibility

Ripping Feasibility by Rock Type ndash Sedimentary Rocks ( sandstone shale limestone) ndash Feasible

ndash ndash

Questionable to Not Possible

Favorable Rock Characteristics for Ripping

ndash Stratified (Surface Cracking)

ndash Weathered ndash Laminated (Layered)

ndash Brittle

ndash Fractured

Ripping is More Technique than Science

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4657

Ripping Dozing TechniqueRipping Dozing Technique

Mengetahui arah lapisan kekerasanmaterial

Metode menumpuk material untukumpan excavator

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4757

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4857

Bench Height amp Bucket SizeRelationship

Bench HeightBench Height

1 Material height min 15 bucketheight minimum

2 Gravity Assistance needed

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4957

Wheel Loader Cycle Time FiguresWheel Loader Cycle Time Figures

Loader Type sec 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 40 42 44 46 48 50 52 54 56 58 60 62 64 66WA800

WA900

WA1200

Wheel Loader Application - V Cycle Loading

Digging Conditions Attention

= Easy 1) Cycle times are average figures and for diggable material only 2) Cycle times for standard attachments only

3) Hi-Lift specifications increase cycle times by approximately 2-3 seconds

= Average 4) Due to the many variables present at most job sites the preceding cycle

time figures are for planning purpose only and cannot be guaranteed

in any manner

= Severe

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5057

Wheel Loader ProductivityWheel Loader Productivity

Productivity Components

+ Truck Spot Time (1st Pass Delay)

+ Load Time (field cycle time data or estimates)

ndash Consider normal process delays such asbull Floor Clean-up

bull Face Development

bull Positioning etc

+ Wait for Trucks (if any)

Total Loading Tool Cycle Time per Truck

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5157

Wheel Loader ProductivityWheel Loader Productivity

Productivity Calculation

Production Minutes Hr (Job Efficiency Factor)

bull Operator efficiency amp motivation

bull Work organization

bull Management amp supervision

divide Loading Tool Cycle Time per Truck

Number of Trucks per Hour

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5257

Effects of OverloadingEffects of Overloading

1 Exceeds Rated Capacity

2 Machine Stability

3 Compromises Safety

4 Shortened Component Life

bull Boom Cracking

bull Hydraulic System

bull Tire Wear

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5357

Prinsip Pemuatan OptimalPrinsip Pemuatan Optimal

Waktu tunggu sekecil mungkin

Ideal Number of Passes = 3 ndash 5

(tidak ada frac12 bucket)

Kesesuaian dengan dump truck

ndash Loading Height ndash Reach

ndash Bucket Length

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5457

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5557

Fleet ProductivityFleet Productivity Total produksi material yang bisa tertransport per-

satuan waktu Satuan umum fleet productivity

Ritase alat angkutjam - =

HD785-5 = 42 bcmrit

PC1250 01 PC1250 02 PC2000 01475

630 - 700 Daily Daily Daily

700 - 800 506

800 - 900 330

900 - 1000 572

1000 - 1100 550

1100 - 1200 4181200 - 1300

1300 - 1400 462

1400 - 1500 Hujan Hujan Hujan

1500 - 1600 636

1600 - 1700 572

1700 - 1800 462

1800 - 1830 220Total per shift 4728

Rata2 perjam 4948

ExcavatorTarget BCMhr

Istirahat

Prestasi akhir fleet akan terlihat pada

performa alat angkut

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5657

Matching FactorMatching Factor

MF =Jml Excavator x CT DT

x x v x u

MF gt 1 DT antri

MF lt 1 Excavator nungguCommon practice MF = 09 - 1

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5757

Page 42: 2. Productivity_AED UT.pdf

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4257

Drainage ControlDrainage Control

Rapid removal of water

Adequate ditch capacity and incline

Crown appropriate for multiple-laneconstruction

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4357

Dump Truck Case StudyDump Truck Case Study

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4457

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4557

General Ripping InformationGeneral Ripping Information Ripper point Penetration ndash Key to Ripping Feasibility

Ripping Feasibility by Rock Type ndash Sedimentary Rocks ( sandstone shale limestone) ndash Feasible

ndash ndash

Questionable to Not Possible

Favorable Rock Characteristics for Ripping

ndash Stratified (Surface Cracking)

ndash Weathered ndash Laminated (Layered)

ndash Brittle

ndash Fractured

Ripping is More Technique than Science

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4657

Ripping Dozing TechniqueRipping Dozing Technique

Mengetahui arah lapisan kekerasanmaterial

Metode menumpuk material untukumpan excavator

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4757

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4857

Bench Height amp Bucket SizeRelationship

Bench HeightBench Height

1 Material height min 15 bucketheight minimum

2 Gravity Assistance needed

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4957

Wheel Loader Cycle Time FiguresWheel Loader Cycle Time Figures

Loader Type sec 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 40 42 44 46 48 50 52 54 56 58 60 62 64 66WA800

WA900

WA1200

Wheel Loader Application - V Cycle Loading

Digging Conditions Attention

= Easy 1) Cycle times are average figures and for diggable material only 2) Cycle times for standard attachments only

3) Hi-Lift specifications increase cycle times by approximately 2-3 seconds

= Average 4) Due to the many variables present at most job sites the preceding cycle

time figures are for planning purpose only and cannot be guaranteed

in any manner

= Severe

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5057

Wheel Loader ProductivityWheel Loader Productivity

Productivity Components

+ Truck Spot Time (1st Pass Delay)

+ Load Time (field cycle time data or estimates)

ndash Consider normal process delays such asbull Floor Clean-up

bull Face Development

bull Positioning etc

+ Wait for Trucks (if any)

Total Loading Tool Cycle Time per Truck

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5157

Wheel Loader ProductivityWheel Loader Productivity

Productivity Calculation

Production Minutes Hr (Job Efficiency Factor)

bull Operator efficiency amp motivation

bull Work organization

bull Management amp supervision

divide Loading Tool Cycle Time per Truck

Number of Trucks per Hour

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5257

Effects of OverloadingEffects of Overloading

1 Exceeds Rated Capacity

2 Machine Stability

3 Compromises Safety

4 Shortened Component Life

bull Boom Cracking

bull Hydraulic System

bull Tire Wear

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5357

Prinsip Pemuatan OptimalPrinsip Pemuatan Optimal

Waktu tunggu sekecil mungkin

Ideal Number of Passes = 3 ndash 5

(tidak ada frac12 bucket)

Kesesuaian dengan dump truck

ndash Loading Height ndash Reach

ndash Bucket Length

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5457

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5557

Fleet ProductivityFleet Productivity Total produksi material yang bisa tertransport per-

satuan waktu Satuan umum fleet productivity

Ritase alat angkutjam - =

HD785-5 = 42 bcmrit

PC1250 01 PC1250 02 PC2000 01475

630 - 700 Daily Daily Daily

700 - 800 506

800 - 900 330

900 - 1000 572

1000 - 1100 550

1100 - 1200 4181200 - 1300

1300 - 1400 462

1400 - 1500 Hujan Hujan Hujan

1500 - 1600 636

1600 - 1700 572

1700 - 1800 462

1800 - 1830 220Total per shift 4728

Rata2 perjam 4948

ExcavatorTarget BCMhr

Istirahat

Prestasi akhir fleet akan terlihat pada

performa alat angkut

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5657

Matching FactorMatching Factor

MF =Jml Excavator x CT DT

x x v x u

MF gt 1 DT antri

MF lt 1 Excavator nungguCommon practice MF = 09 - 1

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5757

Page 43: 2. Productivity_AED UT.pdf

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4357

Dump Truck Case StudyDump Truck Case Study

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4457

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4557

General Ripping InformationGeneral Ripping Information Ripper point Penetration ndash Key to Ripping Feasibility

Ripping Feasibility by Rock Type ndash Sedimentary Rocks ( sandstone shale limestone) ndash Feasible

ndash ndash

Questionable to Not Possible

Favorable Rock Characteristics for Ripping

ndash Stratified (Surface Cracking)

ndash Weathered ndash Laminated (Layered)

ndash Brittle

ndash Fractured

Ripping is More Technique than Science

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4657

Ripping Dozing TechniqueRipping Dozing Technique

Mengetahui arah lapisan kekerasanmaterial

Metode menumpuk material untukumpan excavator

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4757

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4857

Bench Height amp Bucket SizeRelationship

Bench HeightBench Height

1 Material height min 15 bucketheight minimum

2 Gravity Assistance needed

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4957

Wheel Loader Cycle Time FiguresWheel Loader Cycle Time Figures

Loader Type sec 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 40 42 44 46 48 50 52 54 56 58 60 62 64 66WA800

WA900

WA1200

Wheel Loader Application - V Cycle Loading

Digging Conditions Attention

= Easy 1) Cycle times are average figures and for diggable material only 2) Cycle times for standard attachments only

3) Hi-Lift specifications increase cycle times by approximately 2-3 seconds

= Average 4) Due to the many variables present at most job sites the preceding cycle

time figures are for planning purpose only and cannot be guaranteed

in any manner

= Severe

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5057

Wheel Loader ProductivityWheel Loader Productivity

Productivity Components

+ Truck Spot Time (1st Pass Delay)

+ Load Time (field cycle time data or estimates)

ndash Consider normal process delays such asbull Floor Clean-up

bull Face Development

bull Positioning etc

+ Wait for Trucks (if any)

Total Loading Tool Cycle Time per Truck

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5157

Wheel Loader ProductivityWheel Loader Productivity

Productivity Calculation

Production Minutes Hr (Job Efficiency Factor)

bull Operator efficiency amp motivation

bull Work organization

bull Management amp supervision

divide Loading Tool Cycle Time per Truck

Number of Trucks per Hour

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5257

Effects of OverloadingEffects of Overloading

1 Exceeds Rated Capacity

2 Machine Stability

3 Compromises Safety

4 Shortened Component Life

bull Boom Cracking

bull Hydraulic System

bull Tire Wear

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5357

Prinsip Pemuatan OptimalPrinsip Pemuatan Optimal

Waktu tunggu sekecil mungkin

Ideal Number of Passes = 3 ndash 5

(tidak ada frac12 bucket)

Kesesuaian dengan dump truck

ndash Loading Height ndash Reach

ndash Bucket Length

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5457

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5557

Fleet ProductivityFleet Productivity Total produksi material yang bisa tertransport per-

satuan waktu Satuan umum fleet productivity

Ritase alat angkutjam - =

HD785-5 = 42 bcmrit

PC1250 01 PC1250 02 PC2000 01475

630 - 700 Daily Daily Daily

700 - 800 506

800 - 900 330

900 - 1000 572

1000 - 1100 550

1100 - 1200 4181200 - 1300

1300 - 1400 462

1400 - 1500 Hujan Hujan Hujan

1500 - 1600 636

1600 - 1700 572

1700 - 1800 462

1800 - 1830 220Total per shift 4728

Rata2 perjam 4948

ExcavatorTarget BCMhr

Istirahat

Prestasi akhir fleet akan terlihat pada

performa alat angkut

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5657

Matching FactorMatching Factor

MF =Jml Excavator x CT DT

x x v x u

MF gt 1 DT antri

MF lt 1 Excavator nungguCommon practice MF = 09 - 1

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5757

Page 44: 2. Productivity_AED UT.pdf

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4457

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4557

General Ripping InformationGeneral Ripping Information Ripper point Penetration ndash Key to Ripping Feasibility

Ripping Feasibility by Rock Type ndash Sedimentary Rocks ( sandstone shale limestone) ndash Feasible

ndash ndash

Questionable to Not Possible

Favorable Rock Characteristics for Ripping

ndash Stratified (Surface Cracking)

ndash Weathered ndash Laminated (Layered)

ndash Brittle

ndash Fractured

Ripping is More Technique than Science

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4657

Ripping Dozing TechniqueRipping Dozing Technique

Mengetahui arah lapisan kekerasanmaterial

Metode menumpuk material untukumpan excavator

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4757

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4857

Bench Height amp Bucket SizeRelationship

Bench HeightBench Height

1 Material height min 15 bucketheight minimum

2 Gravity Assistance needed

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4957

Wheel Loader Cycle Time FiguresWheel Loader Cycle Time Figures

Loader Type sec 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 40 42 44 46 48 50 52 54 56 58 60 62 64 66WA800

WA900

WA1200

Wheel Loader Application - V Cycle Loading

Digging Conditions Attention

= Easy 1) Cycle times are average figures and for diggable material only 2) Cycle times for standard attachments only

3) Hi-Lift specifications increase cycle times by approximately 2-3 seconds

= Average 4) Due to the many variables present at most job sites the preceding cycle

time figures are for planning purpose only and cannot be guaranteed

in any manner

= Severe

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5057

Wheel Loader ProductivityWheel Loader Productivity

Productivity Components

+ Truck Spot Time (1st Pass Delay)

+ Load Time (field cycle time data or estimates)

ndash Consider normal process delays such asbull Floor Clean-up

bull Face Development

bull Positioning etc

+ Wait for Trucks (if any)

Total Loading Tool Cycle Time per Truck

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5157

Wheel Loader ProductivityWheel Loader Productivity

Productivity Calculation

Production Minutes Hr (Job Efficiency Factor)

bull Operator efficiency amp motivation

bull Work organization

bull Management amp supervision

divide Loading Tool Cycle Time per Truck

Number of Trucks per Hour

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5257

Effects of OverloadingEffects of Overloading

1 Exceeds Rated Capacity

2 Machine Stability

3 Compromises Safety

4 Shortened Component Life

bull Boom Cracking

bull Hydraulic System

bull Tire Wear

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5357

Prinsip Pemuatan OptimalPrinsip Pemuatan Optimal

Waktu tunggu sekecil mungkin

Ideal Number of Passes = 3 ndash 5

(tidak ada frac12 bucket)

Kesesuaian dengan dump truck

ndash Loading Height ndash Reach

ndash Bucket Length

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5457

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5557

Fleet ProductivityFleet Productivity Total produksi material yang bisa tertransport per-

satuan waktu Satuan umum fleet productivity

Ritase alat angkutjam - =

HD785-5 = 42 bcmrit

PC1250 01 PC1250 02 PC2000 01475

630 - 700 Daily Daily Daily

700 - 800 506

800 - 900 330

900 - 1000 572

1000 - 1100 550

1100 - 1200 4181200 - 1300

1300 - 1400 462

1400 - 1500 Hujan Hujan Hujan

1500 - 1600 636

1600 - 1700 572

1700 - 1800 462

1800 - 1830 220Total per shift 4728

Rata2 perjam 4948

ExcavatorTarget BCMhr

Istirahat

Prestasi akhir fleet akan terlihat pada

performa alat angkut

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5657

Matching FactorMatching Factor

MF =Jml Excavator x CT DT

x x v x u

MF gt 1 DT antri

MF lt 1 Excavator nungguCommon practice MF = 09 - 1

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5757

Page 45: 2. Productivity_AED UT.pdf

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4557

General Ripping InformationGeneral Ripping Information Ripper point Penetration ndash Key to Ripping Feasibility

Ripping Feasibility by Rock Type ndash Sedimentary Rocks ( sandstone shale limestone) ndash Feasible

ndash ndash

Questionable to Not Possible

Favorable Rock Characteristics for Ripping

ndash Stratified (Surface Cracking)

ndash Weathered ndash Laminated (Layered)

ndash Brittle

ndash Fractured

Ripping is More Technique than Science

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4657

Ripping Dozing TechniqueRipping Dozing Technique

Mengetahui arah lapisan kekerasanmaterial

Metode menumpuk material untukumpan excavator

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4757

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4857

Bench Height amp Bucket SizeRelationship

Bench HeightBench Height

1 Material height min 15 bucketheight minimum

2 Gravity Assistance needed

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4957

Wheel Loader Cycle Time FiguresWheel Loader Cycle Time Figures

Loader Type sec 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 40 42 44 46 48 50 52 54 56 58 60 62 64 66WA800

WA900

WA1200

Wheel Loader Application - V Cycle Loading

Digging Conditions Attention

= Easy 1) Cycle times are average figures and for diggable material only 2) Cycle times for standard attachments only

3) Hi-Lift specifications increase cycle times by approximately 2-3 seconds

= Average 4) Due to the many variables present at most job sites the preceding cycle

time figures are for planning purpose only and cannot be guaranteed

in any manner

= Severe

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5057

Wheel Loader ProductivityWheel Loader Productivity

Productivity Components

+ Truck Spot Time (1st Pass Delay)

+ Load Time (field cycle time data or estimates)

ndash Consider normal process delays such asbull Floor Clean-up

bull Face Development

bull Positioning etc

+ Wait for Trucks (if any)

Total Loading Tool Cycle Time per Truck

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5157

Wheel Loader ProductivityWheel Loader Productivity

Productivity Calculation

Production Minutes Hr (Job Efficiency Factor)

bull Operator efficiency amp motivation

bull Work organization

bull Management amp supervision

divide Loading Tool Cycle Time per Truck

Number of Trucks per Hour

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5257

Effects of OverloadingEffects of Overloading

1 Exceeds Rated Capacity

2 Machine Stability

3 Compromises Safety

4 Shortened Component Life

bull Boom Cracking

bull Hydraulic System

bull Tire Wear

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5357

Prinsip Pemuatan OptimalPrinsip Pemuatan Optimal

Waktu tunggu sekecil mungkin

Ideal Number of Passes = 3 ndash 5

(tidak ada frac12 bucket)

Kesesuaian dengan dump truck

ndash Loading Height ndash Reach

ndash Bucket Length

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5457

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5557

Fleet ProductivityFleet Productivity Total produksi material yang bisa tertransport per-

satuan waktu Satuan umum fleet productivity

Ritase alat angkutjam - =

HD785-5 = 42 bcmrit

PC1250 01 PC1250 02 PC2000 01475

630 - 700 Daily Daily Daily

700 - 800 506

800 - 900 330

900 - 1000 572

1000 - 1100 550

1100 - 1200 4181200 - 1300

1300 - 1400 462

1400 - 1500 Hujan Hujan Hujan

1500 - 1600 636

1600 - 1700 572

1700 - 1800 462

1800 - 1830 220Total per shift 4728

Rata2 perjam 4948

ExcavatorTarget BCMhr

Istirahat

Prestasi akhir fleet akan terlihat pada

performa alat angkut

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5657

Matching FactorMatching Factor

MF =Jml Excavator x CT DT

x x v x u

MF gt 1 DT antri

MF lt 1 Excavator nungguCommon practice MF = 09 - 1

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5757

Page 46: 2. Productivity_AED UT.pdf

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4657

Ripping Dozing TechniqueRipping Dozing Technique

Mengetahui arah lapisan kekerasanmaterial

Metode menumpuk material untukumpan excavator

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4757

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4857

Bench Height amp Bucket SizeRelationship

Bench HeightBench Height

1 Material height min 15 bucketheight minimum

2 Gravity Assistance needed

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4957

Wheel Loader Cycle Time FiguresWheel Loader Cycle Time Figures

Loader Type sec 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 40 42 44 46 48 50 52 54 56 58 60 62 64 66WA800

WA900

WA1200

Wheel Loader Application - V Cycle Loading

Digging Conditions Attention

= Easy 1) Cycle times are average figures and for diggable material only 2) Cycle times for standard attachments only

3) Hi-Lift specifications increase cycle times by approximately 2-3 seconds

= Average 4) Due to the many variables present at most job sites the preceding cycle

time figures are for planning purpose only and cannot be guaranteed

in any manner

= Severe

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5057

Wheel Loader ProductivityWheel Loader Productivity

Productivity Components

+ Truck Spot Time (1st Pass Delay)

+ Load Time (field cycle time data or estimates)

ndash Consider normal process delays such asbull Floor Clean-up

bull Face Development

bull Positioning etc

+ Wait for Trucks (if any)

Total Loading Tool Cycle Time per Truck

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5157

Wheel Loader ProductivityWheel Loader Productivity

Productivity Calculation

Production Minutes Hr (Job Efficiency Factor)

bull Operator efficiency amp motivation

bull Work organization

bull Management amp supervision

divide Loading Tool Cycle Time per Truck

Number of Trucks per Hour

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5257

Effects of OverloadingEffects of Overloading

1 Exceeds Rated Capacity

2 Machine Stability

3 Compromises Safety

4 Shortened Component Life

bull Boom Cracking

bull Hydraulic System

bull Tire Wear

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5357

Prinsip Pemuatan OptimalPrinsip Pemuatan Optimal

Waktu tunggu sekecil mungkin

Ideal Number of Passes = 3 ndash 5

(tidak ada frac12 bucket)

Kesesuaian dengan dump truck

ndash Loading Height ndash Reach

ndash Bucket Length

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5457

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5557

Fleet ProductivityFleet Productivity Total produksi material yang bisa tertransport per-

satuan waktu Satuan umum fleet productivity

Ritase alat angkutjam - =

HD785-5 = 42 bcmrit

PC1250 01 PC1250 02 PC2000 01475

630 - 700 Daily Daily Daily

700 - 800 506

800 - 900 330

900 - 1000 572

1000 - 1100 550

1100 - 1200 4181200 - 1300

1300 - 1400 462

1400 - 1500 Hujan Hujan Hujan

1500 - 1600 636

1600 - 1700 572

1700 - 1800 462

1800 - 1830 220Total per shift 4728

Rata2 perjam 4948

ExcavatorTarget BCMhr

Istirahat

Prestasi akhir fleet akan terlihat pada

performa alat angkut

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5657

Matching FactorMatching Factor

MF =Jml Excavator x CT DT

x x v x u

MF gt 1 DT antri

MF lt 1 Excavator nungguCommon practice MF = 09 - 1

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5757

Page 47: 2. Productivity_AED UT.pdf

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4757

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4857

Bench Height amp Bucket SizeRelationship

Bench HeightBench Height

1 Material height min 15 bucketheight minimum

2 Gravity Assistance needed

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4957

Wheel Loader Cycle Time FiguresWheel Loader Cycle Time Figures

Loader Type sec 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 40 42 44 46 48 50 52 54 56 58 60 62 64 66WA800

WA900

WA1200

Wheel Loader Application - V Cycle Loading

Digging Conditions Attention

= Easy 1) Cycle times are average figures and for diggable material only 2) Cycle times for standard attachments only

3) Hi-Lift specifications increase cycle times by approximately 2-3 seconds

= Average 4) Due to the many variables present at most job sites the preceding cycle

time figures are for planning purpose only and cannot be guaranteed

in any manner

= Severe

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5057

Wheel Loader ProductivityWheel Loader Productivity

Productivity Components

+ Truck Spot Time (1st Pass Delay)

+ Load Time (field cycle time data or estimates)

ndash Consider normal process delays such asbull Floor Clean-up

bull Face Development

bull Positioning etc

+ Wait for Trucks (if any)

Total Loading Tool Cycle Time per Truck

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5157

Wheel Loader ProductivityWheel Loader Productivity

Productivity Calculation

Production Minutes Hr (Job Efficiency Factor)

bull Operator efficiency amp motivation

bull Work organization

bull Management amp supervision

divide Loading Tool Cycle Time per Truck

Number of Trucks per Hour

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5257

Effects of OverloadingEffects of Overloading

1 Exceeds Rated Capacity

2 Machine Stability

3 Compromises Safety

4 Shortened Component Life

bull Boom Cracking

bull Hydraulic System

bull Tire Wear

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5357

Prinsip Pemuatan OptimalPrinsip Pemuatan Optimal

Waktu tunggu sekecil mungkin

Ideal Number of Passes = 3 ndash 5

(tidak ada frac12 bucket)

Kesesuaian dengan dump truck

ndash Loading Height ndash Reach

ndash Bucket Length

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5457

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5557

Fleet ProductivityFleet Productivity Total produksi material yang bisa tertransport per-

satuan waktu Satuan umum fleet productivity

Ritase alat angkutjam - =

HD785-5 = 42 bcmrit

PC1250 01 PC1250 02 PC2000 01475

630 - 700 Daily Daily Daily

700 - 800 506

800 - 900 330

900 - 1000 572

1000 - 1100 550

1100 - 1200 4181200 - 1300

1300 - 1400 462

1400 - 1500 Hujan Hujan Hujan

1500 - 1600 636

1600 - 1700 572

1700 - 1800 462

1800 - 1830 220Total per shift 4728

Rata2 perjam 4948

ExcavatorTarget BCMhr

Istirahat

Prestasi akhir fleet akan terlihat pada

performa alat angkut

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5657

Matching FactorMatching Factor

MF =Jml Excavator x CT DT

x x v x u

MF gt 1 DT antri

MF lt 1 Excavator nungguCommon practice MF = 09 - 1

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5757

Page 48: 2. Productivity_AED UT.pdf

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4857

Bench Height amp Bucket SizeRelationship

Bench HeightBench Height

1 Material height min 15 bucketheight minimum

2 Gravity Assistance needed

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4957

Wheel Loader Cycle Time FiguresWheel Loader Cycle Time Figures

Loader Type sec 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 40 42 44 46 48 50 52 54 56 58 60 62 64 66WA800

WA900

WA1200

Wheel Loader Application - V Cycle Loading

Digging Conditions Attention

= Easy 1) Cycle times are average figures and for diggable material only 2) Cycle times for standard attachments only

3) Hi-Lift specifications increase cycle times by approximately 2-3 seconds

= Average 4) Due to the many variables present at most job sites the preceding cycle

time figures are for planning purpose only and cannot be guaranteed

in any manner

= Severe

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5057

Wheel Loader ProductivityWheel Loader Productivity

Productivity Components

+ Truck Spot Time (1st Pass Delay)

+ Load Time (field cycle time data or estimates)

ndash Consider normal process delays such asbull Floor Clean-up

bull Face Development

bull Positioning etc

+ Wait for Trucks (if any)

Total Loading Tool Cycle Time per Truck

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5157

Wheel Loader ProductivityWheel Loader Productivity

Productivity Calculation

Production Minutes Hr (Job Efficiency Factor)

bull Operator efficiency amp motivation

bull Work organization

bull Management amp supervision

divide Loading Tool Cycle Time per Truck

Number of Trucks per Hour

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5257

Effects of OverloadingEffects of Overloading

1 Exceeds Rated Capacity

2 Machine Stability

3 Compromises Safety

4 Shortened Component Life

bull Boom Cracking

bull Hydraulic System

bull Tire Wear

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5357

Prinsip Pemuatan OptimalPrinsip Pemuatan Optimal

Waktu tunggu sekecil mungkin

Ideal Number of Passes = 3 ndash 5

(tidak ada frac12 bucket)

Kesesuaian dengan dump truck

ndash Loading Height ndash Reach

ndash Bucket Length

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5457

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5557

Fleet ProductivityFleet Productivity Total produksi material yang bisa tertransport per-

satuan waktu Satuan umum fleet productivity

Ritase alat angkutjam - =

HD785-5 = 42 bcmrit

PC1250 01 PC1250 02 PC2000 01475

630 - 700 Daily Daily Daily

700 - 800 506

800 - 900 330

900 - 1000 572

1000 - 1100 550

1100 - 1200 4181200 - 1300

1300 - 1400 462

1400 - 1500 Hujan Hujan Hujan

1500 - 1600 636

1600 - 1700 572

1700 - 1800 462

1800 - 1830 220Total per shift 4728

Rata2 perjam 4948

ExcavatorTarget BCMhr

Istirahat

Prestasi akhir fleet akan terlihat pada

performa alat angkut

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5657

Matching FactorMatching Factor

MF =Jml Excavator x CT DT

x x v x u

MF gt 1 DT antri

MF lt 1 Excavator nungguCommon practice MF = 09 - 1

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5757

Page 49: 2. Productivity_AED UT.pdf

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 4957

Wheel Loader Cycle Time FiguresWheel Loader Cycle Time Figures

Loader Type sec 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 40 42 44 46 48 50 52 54 56 58 60 62 64 66WA800

WA900

WA1200

Wheel Loader Application - V Cycle Loading

Digging Conditions Attention

= Easy 1) Cycle times are average figures and for diggable material only 2) Cycle times for standard attachments only

3) Hi-Lift specifications increase cycle times by approximately 2-3 seconds

= Average 4) Due to the many variables present at most job sites the preceding cycle

time figures are for planning purpose only and cannot be guaranteed

in any manner

= Severe

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5057

Wheel Loader ProductivityWheel Loader Productivity

Productivity Components

+ Truck Spot Time (1st Pass Delay)

+ Load Time (field cycle time data or estimates)

ndash Consider normal process delays such asbull Floor Clean-up

bull Face Development

bull Positioning etc

+ Wait for Trucks (if any)

Total Loading Tool Cycle Time per Truck

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5157

Wheel Loader ProductivityWheel Loader Productivity

Productivity Calculation

Production Minutes Hr (Job Efficiency Factor)

bull Operator efficiency amp motivation

bull Work organization

bull Management amp supervision

divide Loading Tool Cycle Time per Truck

Number of Trucks per Hour

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5257

Effects of OverloadingEffects of Overloading

1 Exceeds Rated Capacity

2 Machine Stability

3 Compromises Safety

4 Shortened Component Life

bull Boom Cracking

bull Hydraulic System

bull Tire Wear

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5357

Prinsip Pemuatan OptimalPrinsip Pemuatan Optimal

Waktu tunggu sekecil mungkin

Ideal Number of Passes = 3 ndash 5

(tidak ada frac12 bucket)

Kesesuaian dengan dump truck

ndash Loading Height ndash Reach

ndash Bucket Length

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5457

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5557

Fleet ProductivityFleet Productivity Total produksi material yang bisa tertransport per-

satuan waktu Satuan umum fleet productivity

Ritase alat angkutjam - =

HD785-5 = 42 bcmrit

PC1250 01 PC1250 02 PC2000 01475

630 - 700 Daily Daily Daily

700 - 800 506

800 - 900 330

900 - 1000 572

1000 - 1100 550

1100 - 1200 4181200 - 1300

1300 - 1400 462

1400 - 1500 Hujan Hujan Hujan

1500 - 1600 636

1600 - 1700 572

1700 - 1800 462

1800 - 1830 220Total per shift 4728

Rata2 perjam 4948

ExcavatorTarget BCMhr

Istirahat

Prestasi akhir fleet akan terlihat pada

performa alat angkut

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5657

Matching FactorMatching Factor

MF =Jml Excavator x CT DT

x x v x u

MF gt 1 DT antri

MF lt 1 Excavator nungguCommon practice MF = 09 - 1

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5757

Page 50: 2. Productivity_AED UT.pdf

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5057

Wheel Loader ProductivityWheel Loader Productivity

Productivity Components

+ Truck Spot Time (1st Pass Delay)

+ Load Time (field cycle time data or estimates)

ndash Consider normal process delays such asbull Floor Clean-up

bull Face Development

bull Positioning etc

+ Wait for Trucks (if any)

Total Loading Tool Cycle Time per Truck

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5157

Wheel Loader ProductivityWheel Loader Productivity

Productivity Calculation

Production Minutes Hr (Job Efficiency Factor)

bull Operator efficiency amp motivation

bull Work organization

bull Management amp supervision

divide Loading Tool Cycle Time per Truck

Number of Trucks per Hour

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5257

Effects of OverloadingEffects of Overloading

1 Exceeds Rated Capacity

2 Machine Stability

3 Compromises Safety

4 Shortened Component Life

bull Boom Cracking

bull Hydraulic System

bull Tire Wear

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5357

Prinsip Pemuatan OptimalPrinsip Pemuatan Optimal

Waktu tunggu sekecil mungkin

Ideal Number of Passes = 3 ndash 5

(tidak ada frac12 bucket)

Kesesuaian dengan dump truck

ndash Loading Height ndash Reach

ndash Bucket Length

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5457

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5557

Fleet ProductivityFleet Productivity Total produksi material yang bisa tertransport per-

satuan waktu Satuan umum fleet productivity

Ritase alat angkutjam - =

HD785-5 = 42 bcmrit

PC1250 01 PC1250 02 PC2000 01475

630 - 700 Daily Daily Daily

700 - 800 506

800 - 900 330

900 - 1000 572

1000 - 1100 550

1100 - 1200 4181200 - 1300

1300 - 1400 462

1400 - 1500 Hujan Hujan Hujan

1500 - 1600 636

1600 - 1700 572

1700 - 1800 462

1800 - 1830 220Total per shift 4728

Rata2 perjam 4948

ExcavatorTarget BCMhr

Istirahat

Prestasi akhir fleet akan terlihat pada

performa alat angkut

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5657

Matching FactorMatching Factor

MF =Jml Excavator x CT DT

x x v x u

MF gt 1 DT antri

MF lt 1 Excavator nungguCommon practice MF = 09 - 1

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5757

Page 51: 2. Productivity_AED UT.pdf

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5157

Wheel Loader ProductivityWheel Loader Productivity

Productivity Calculation

Production Minutes Hr (Job Efficiency Factor)

bull Operator efficiency amp motivation

bull Work organization

bull Management amp supervision

divide Loading Tool Cycle Time per Truck

Number of Trucks per Hour

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5257

Effects of OverloadingEffects of Overloading

1 Exceeds Rated Capacity

2 Machine Stability

3 Compromises Safety

4 Shortened Component Life

bull Boom Cracking

bull Hydraulic System

bull Tire Wear

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5357

Prinsip Pemuatan OptimalPrinsip Pemuatan Optimal

Waktu tunggu sekecil mungkin

Ideal Number of Passes = 3 ndash 5

(tidak ada frac12 bucket)

Kesesuaian dengan dump truck

ndash Loading Height ndash Reach

ndash Bucket Length

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5457

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5557

Fleet ProductivityFleet Productivity Total produksi material yang bisa tertransport per-

satuan waktu Satuan umum fleet productivity

Ritase alat angkutjam - =

HD785-5 = 42 bcmrit

PC1250 01 PC1250 02 PC2000 01475

630 - 700 Daily Daily Daily

700 - 800 506

800 - 900 330

900 - 1000 572

1000 - 1100 550

1100 - 1200 4181200 - 1300

1300 - 1400 462

1400 - 1500 Hujan Hujan Hujan

1500 - 1600 636

1600 - 1700 572

1700 - 1800 462

1800 - 1830 220Total per shift 4728

Rata2 perjam 4948

ExcavatorTarget BCMhr

Istirahat

Prestasi akhir fleet akan terlihat pada

performa alat angkut

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5657

Matching FactorMatching Factor

MF =Jml Excavator x CT DT

x x v x u

MF gt 1 DT antri

MF lt 1 Excavator nungguCommon practice MF = 09 - 1

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5757

Page 52: 2. Productivity_AED UT.pdf

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5257

Effects of OverloadingEffects of Overloading

1 Exceeds Rated Capacity

2 Machine Stability

3 Compromises Safety

4 Shortened Component Life

bull Boom Cracking

bull Hydraulic System

bull Tire Wear

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5357

Prinsip Pemuatan OptimalPrinsip Pemuatan Optimal

Waktu tunggu sekecil mungkin

Ideal Number of Passes = 3 ndash 5

(tidak ada frac12 bucket)

Kesesuaian dengan dump truck

ndash Loading Height ndash Reach

ndash Bucket Length

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5457

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5557

Fleet ProductivityFleet Productivity Total produksi material yang bisa tertransport per-

satuan waktu Satuan umum fleet productivity

Ritase alat angkutjam - =

HD785-5 = 42 bcmrit

PC1250 01 PC1250 02 PC2000 01475

630 - 700 Daily Daily Daily

700 - 800 506

800 - 900 330

900 - 1000 572

1000 - 1100 550

1100 - 1200 4181200 - 1300

1300 - 1400 462

1400 - 1500 Hujan Hujan Hujan

1500 - 1600 636

1600 - 1700 572

1700 - 1800 462

1800 - 1830 220Total per shift 4728

Rata2 perjam 4948

ExcavatorTarget BCMhr

Istirahat

Prestasi akhir fleet akan terlihat pada

performa alat angkut

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5657

Matching FactorMatching Factor

MF =Jml Excavator x CT DT

x x v x u

MF gt 1 DT antri

MF lt 1 Excavator nungguCommon practice MF = 09 - 1

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5757

Page 53: 2. Productivity_AED UT.pdf

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5357

Prinsip Pemuatan OptimalPrinsip Pemuatan Optimal

Waktu tunggu sekecil mungkin

Ideal Number of Passes = 3 ndash 5

(tidak ada frac12 bucket)

Kesesuaian dengan dump truck

ndash Loading Height ndash Reach

ndash Bucket Length

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5457

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5557

Fleet ProductivityFleet Productivity Total produksi material yang bisa tertransport per-

satuan waktu Satuan umum fleet productivity

Ritase alat angkutjam - =

HD785-5 = 42 bcmrit

PC1250 01 PC1250 02 PC2000 01475

630 - 700 Daily Daily Daily

700 - 800 506

800 - 900 330

900 - 1000 572

1000 - 1100 550

1100 - 1200 4181200 - 1300

1300 - 1400 462

1400 - 1500 Hujan Hujan Hujan

1500 - 1600 636

1600 - 1700 572

1700 - 1800 462

1800 - 1830 220Total per shift 4728

Rata2 perjam 4948

ExcavatorTarget BCMhr

Istirahat

Prestasi akhir fleet akan terlihat pada

performa alat angkut

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5657

Matching FactorMatching Factor

MF =Jml Excavator x CT DT

x x v x u

MF gt 1 DT antri

MF lt 1 Excavator nungguCommon practice MF = 09 - 1

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5757

Page 54: 2. Productivity_AED UT.pdf

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5457

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5557

Fleet ProductivityFleet Productivity Total produksi material yang bisa tertransport per-

satuan waktu Satuan umum fleet productivity

Ritase alat angkutjam - =

HD785-5 = 42 bcmrit

PC1250 01 PC1250 02 PC2000 01475

630 - 700 Daily Daily Daily

700 - 800 506

800 - 900 330

900 - 1000 572

1000 - 1100 550

1100 - 1200 4181200 - 1300

1300 - 1400 462

1400 - 1500 Hujan Hujan Hujan

1500 - 1600 636

1600 - 1700 572

1700 - 1800 462

1800 - 1830 220Total per shift 4728

Rata2 perjam 4948

ExcavatorTarget BCMhr

Istirahat

Prestasi akhir fleet akan terlihat pada

performa alat angkut

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5657

Matching FactorMatching Factor

MF =Jml Excavator x CT DT

x x v x u

MF gt 1 DT antri

MF lt 1 Excavator nungguCommon practice MF = 09 - 1

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5757

Page 55: 2. Productivity_AED UT.pdf

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5557

Fleet ProductivityFleet Productivity Total produksi material yang bisa tertransport per-

satuan waktu Satuan umum fleet productivity

Ritase alat angkutjam - =

HD785-5 = 42 bcmrit

PC1250 01 PC1250 02 PC2000 01475

630 - 700 Daily Daily Daily

700 - 800 506

800 - 900 330

900 - 1000 572

1000 - 1100 550

1100 - 1200 4181200 - 1300

1300 - 1400 462

1400 - 1500 Hujan Hujan Hujan

1500 - 1600 636

1600 - 1700 572

1700 - 1800 462

1800 - 1830 220Total per shift 4728

Rata2 perjam 4948

ExcavatorTarget BCMhr

Istirahat

Prestasi akhir fleet akan terlihat pada

performa alat angkut

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5657

Matching FactorMatching Factor

MF =Jml Excavator x CT DT

x x v x u

MF gt 1 DT antri

MF lt 1 Excavator nungguCommon practice MF = 09 - 1

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5757

Page 56: 2. Productivity_AED UT.pdf

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5657

Matching FactorMatching Factor

MF =Jml Excavator x CT DT

x x v x u

MF gt 1 DT antri

MF lt 1 Excavator nungguCommon practice MF = 09 - 1

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5757

Page 57: 2. Productivity_AED UT.pdf

7182019 2 Productivity_AED UTpdf

httpslidepdfcomreaderfull2-productivityaed-utpdf 5757