2. shakespearean plays-merchant of venice
TRANSCRIPT
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Merchant of
VeniceWilliam Shakespeare
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The title pertains to the lead character Antonio who is a merchant
in Venice.The title suggests the conditions
which form the background of the plot as a whole.
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• Work: Play
• Genre: Comedy
• POV: Objective Third Person (uses dialogue and without author’s commentary)
• Literary Period Written: >Renaissance, Reign of Elizabeth I; 1596-1599
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Historical Background:
Characterization:> heroines resemble Queen Elizabeth
(tall and fair)
> inferior characters resemble her cousin Mary, Queen of Scots (short and dark)
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>Society:>Judeophobic
>Religion:>Christians are not allowed to put
interest on money-lending.
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Setting:
>Time: 16th Century
>Place: Venice, Belmont in Italy
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Act I:>Antonio authorizes Bassanio to use his name to loan money from Shylock.
>In Belmont, Portia discusses the terms of her father’s will with her confidante, Nerissa
>Bassanio borrows 3000 ducats in exchange of a ‘merry’ deed
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Act II:>Launcelot resigns as Shylock’s servant.
>Jessica asked Launcelot to give her letter to Lorenzo, the guest of Bassanio (Launcelot’s new master)
>Jessica disguised herself as a torchbearer in Bassanio’s dinner party
>However, Bassanio cancelled the party and set sail for Belmont with Gratiano.
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The 6 Previous Suitors of Portia:
>Neapolitan Prince (Southern Italy)>Count Palatine (Western Germany)
>The French Lord>The English Baron>The Scottish Lord>The Frenchman
>In Belmont, Morocco chooses the wrong casket>The Prince of Arragon also failed to do so
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Ambiguous Clues in the Caskets:Gold-who choose me shall gain what many men desire
Silver- who choose me shall get as much as he deserves
Lead- who choose me must give and hazard all he has
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What message is inside each casket:
Gold: All that glistens is not gold…
Silver: The fire seven times tried this…
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Act III>Two days after Bassanio left for Belmont, rumors had it that two of Antonio’s ship have been wrecked.
>Two weeks before the due, Shylock looks for Antonio
>In Belmont, Bassanio starts to court Portia
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Back in Belmont, Bassanio chooses the right casket.
“Turn you where your lady is And claim her with a loving kiss”
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>Salerio arrives with a letter from Antonio
>Bassanio along with the others left for Venice
>Portia and Nerissa thought of a plan and secretly followed their husbands to Venice
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Act IV:>The trial of Antonio
>Portia disguised as Balthasar, a replacement of Bellario served as the judge
>Tables were turned for Shylock
>Portia and Nerissa asked for their husband’s rings
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Act V:>Two pairs of lovers quarreled over the missing rings.
>The rings were returned.
>Antonio received the good news.
>Lorenzo and Jessica received the deed of their inheritances.
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ConflictsMan vs Fate
(Portia and the Caskets)(Antonio and the Bond)
(Shylock and The Verdict)
Man vs Man(Antonio and Shylock)
(Shylock and Portia/Balthasar)
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Cont…
Man vs Society(Shylock and the Venetians)
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CHARACTER ANALYSIS
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ANTONIO>A leading, wealthy Venetian merchant>calm and reserved >a foil of the spirited byplay of the younger ones>his character served more of an instrument rather than a principal one>can save others from Shylock but cannot save himself
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BASSANIO>typical, attractive Elizabethan lover>careless of his money>center of most development in the play>more observant than Antonio
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PORTIA>one of Shakespeare’s most intelligent heroines: beauty, brains and breeding>perceptive of her world>the contrast of Shylock>her fate is tied to the caskets>more full of character than Ophelia (Hamlet’s); more restrained than Juliet (Romeo and Juliet)
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NERISSA>”small, dark lady”>sympathetic lady-in-waiting of Portia>the foil of Portia in physical appearance
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GRATIANO>light-hearted, talkative>witty like Mercutio of Romeo and Juliet>a foil to the seriousness of Antonio
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SHYLOCK>the most interesting figure in the play>clever, sensitive>the greedy and obsessed of vengeance Jew moneylender>sees money as his only defense against his oppressors>emotionally absorbed in his religion>was punished way too much
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LORENZO- a young man, impulsive, expects little from his family
JESSICA- the strong-minded , pleasure loving daughter of Shylock who hates her home and eloped with Lorenzo
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Theme: “What appears valuable turns out to be
worthless.”
Morals:What you deny others of,
you will be denied of it as well.
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References:>Roberts, James L. Shakespeare Merchant of Venice. © 1995. Cliffsnotes Incorporated
>Roberts, James L. Shakespeare Merchant of Venice. © 1961. Cliffsnotes Incorporated
>http://www.shmoop.com/merchant-of-venice/rings-symbol.html
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Elaine Antonette P. Gunsi4 AB English A
European Literature
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The Merchant of Venice
William Shakespeare