2. what features are exaggerated? · reconstruction in the south reconstruction governments af. am....
TRANSCRIPT
1. What labels do you see?
2. What features are exaggerated?
3. Do you think this person is
respected? Why or why not?
1. What is the complete title of this book?
2. What does ‘dissenters’ mean?
3. Do you think this group of people is
respected? Why or why not?
Set up your page for
Cornell Notes.
XX The Fight Over
Reconstruction
Reconstruction
Governments
Section 3:
Reconstruction
in the South
Southern Governments under Pres. Grant
Nearly all Republican b/c of Af. Am. voters
Carpetbaggers
Northerners who moved to the South for
economic opportunities after the Civil War.
Scalawags
White southern Republicans who supported
Reconstruction governments
– despised even more than Carpetbaggers
• Born free and served in Union Army
• 1st Af.Am. to serve in Senate
• Took seat held by Jefferson Davis (ironic huh?)
• Escaped from slavery before Civil War
• Elected to Senate in Mississippi
Read “African American Leaders”, p 565
On the RIGHT side:
Fill in the notes below based on your reading
African American Leaders
o _____________(how many) Af.Am. were elected to state
legislatures
o _____________(how many) were elected to Congress
Read “State Governments Change Direction”, p. 565
Identify: (right side)
At least 3 initiatives Reconstruction state
governments carried out
Set up your page for
Cornell Notes.
XX The Fight Over
Reconstruction
Section 3:
Reconstruction
in the South
Reconstruction
Governments
Af. Am.
Leaders
Reconstruction
Reforms
Reconstruction governments carried out some
initiatives to improve the South.
Established public schools
Built hospitals, prisons, and orphanages
Passed laws prohibiting discrimination
Aided the construction of railroads, bridges, and
public buildings
How do you pay for all of these fixes??
Why did they focus on these things?
Especially railroads & bridges
Southern Democratic Reaction to AA in office
Read “Ku Klux Klan”, p. 566
Define:
On the top of the LEFT page, write the word
VOCABULARY
Under that, write the term Ku Klux Klan.
A good definition is on the next slide.
Set up your page for
Cornell Notes.
XX The Fight Over
Reconstruction
Section 3:
Reconstruction
in the South
Reconstruction
Governments
Af. Am.
Leaders
Reconstruction
Reforms
Vocabulary:
Ku Klux Klan
definition
Continue
notes on
next RIGHT
PAGE if
necessary
Secret Society formed to return white, Democratic
rule to South
Formed in Tennessee in 1866
Used terrorism, murder, and threats
1868- 336 Af. Am. murdered or beaten by Klan
Successful in removing Republicans from office
A secret society which opposed civil rights for Af.
Am. and used violence and terror to restore
Democrats to power in the South.
Read “Ku Klux Klan”, p. 566
Explain:
On the RIGHT side – at least 3 reasons why
resistance to Reconstruction increased
Set up your page for
Cornell Notes.
XX The Fight Over
Reconstruction
Section 3:
Reconstruction
in the South
Reconstruction
Governments
Af. Am.
Leaders
Reconstruction
Reforms
Resistance to
Reconstruction
Vocabulary:
Ku Klux Klan
definition
Continue
notes on
next RIGHT
PAGE if
necessary
White Southerners became more frustrated
with Reconstruction.
Some southerners claimed the new
governments were corrupt, illegal and
unjust;
Disapproved of African American office
holders;
Disliked having federal troops in their states.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=l5GLvvuHRWY&list=PL55EA5302A81CC802
Stop@8:15
What details
do you see in
this image?
What seems
to be
happening
here?
What does
the phrase
‘Worse than
Slavery’
suggest
about the
effect of this
violence on
African
American
families?
Drawing Conclusions:
Why did Southerners join the Ku Klux Klan?
In 1870 and 1871, Congress passed the
Enforcement Acts.
Left Side (vocabulary) under Ku Klux Klan…
Let’s write definition for Enforcement Acts:
Laws designed by Congress which made it a
federal crime to interfere with elections, or to
deny citizens equal protection under the law.
Set up your page for
Cornell Notes.
XX The Fight Over
Reconstruction
Section 3:
Reconstruction
in the South
Reconstruction
Governments
Af. Am.
Leaders
Reconstruction
Reforms
Resistance to
Reconstruction
Vocabulary:
Ku Klux Klan
definition
Continue
notes on
next RIGHT
PAGE if
necessary
Enforcement Acts
definition
p. 567 - Reconstruction Ends
o General Amnesty Act of 1872…
o Elections…
o Scandals…
Panic of 1873
o 89 of 364 railroads failed
o 18,000 other businesses
o 1876 – 14% - 2 million people – unemployed
Effect??
On the Vocabulary page – under Ku Klux Klan –
write the term Amnesty Act & a definition
Amnesty Act
o Pardoned former Confederates
o Allowed them to get back into office
Set up your page for
Cornell Notes.
XX The Fight Over
Reconstruction
Section 3:
Reconstruction
in the South
Reconstruction
Governments
Af. Am.
Leaders
Reconstruction
Reforms
Resistance to
Reconstruction
Vocabulary:
Ku Klux Klan
definition
Continue
notes on
next RIGHT
PAGE if
necessary
Enforcement Acts
definition
Amnesty Acts
definition
Set up your page for
Cornell Notes.
XX The Fight Over
Reconstruction
Section 3:
Reconstruction
in the South
Reconstruction
Governments
Af. Am.
Leaders
Reconstruction
Reforms
Resistance to
Reconstruction
Vocabulary:
Ku Klux Klan
definition
Continue
notes on
next RIGHT
PAGE if
necessary
Enforcement Acts
definition
Panic of
1873
Amnesty Acts
definition
In your notes, right page, describe the effect of
the Panic of 1873
Effect of Panic of 1873
o Northerners were becoming less concerned
about the problems of the South
Set up your page for
Cornell Notes.
XX The Fight Over
Reconstruction
Section 3:
Reconstruction
in the South
Reconstruction
Governments
Af. Am.
Leaders
Reconstruction
Reforms
Resistance to
Reconstruction
Vocabulary:
Ku Klux Klan
definition
Continue
notes on
next RIGHT
PAGE if
necessary
Enforcement Acts
definition
Amnesty Acts
definition
Panic of
1873
1874 – Republicans lost control of Congress
1875 – Republicans passed one last Civil
Rights Act
o Guaranteed Af.Am. equal rights in public places,
such as theaters & public transportation.
Rutherford B. Hayes (Rep)
Samuel J. Tilden (Dem)
Close election –
Republicans challenged results in 4 states
20 votes up for grabs
Need 185 to win
165 4,036,298 (48%)
184 4,300,590 (51%)
Republicans Disputed 20 electoral votes
Committee set up
All votes were given to Hayes
The election was resolved by compromise:
o Hayes was allowed to take office if he promised
to withdraw remaining federal troops from the
South.
ENDED RECONSTRUCTION
The election was devastating for blacks. Democrats
quickly returned the South to “white man’s rule.”
Set up your page for
Cornell Notes.
XX The Fight Over
Reconstruction
Section 3:
Reconstruction
in the South
Reconstruction
Governments
Af. Am.
Leaders
Reconstruction
Reforms
Resistance to
Reconstruction
Vocabulary:
Ku Klux Klan
definition
Continue
notes on
next RIGHT
PAGE if
necessary
Amnesty Acts
definition
Reconstruction
Ends
Compromise
of 1877
Enforcement Acts
definition
What do you think might happen if this soldier
was not standing between these two groups?
Notes, RIGHT SIDE
Compromise of 1877
Northerners had grown tired of Reconstruction
More concerned with $$ problems in nation
Democrats accepted Hayes as President if….
o All troops removed from south
ENDED RECONSTRUCTION
Set up your page for
Cornell Notes.
XX The Fight Over
Reconstruction
Section 3:
Reconstruction
in the South
Reconstruction
Governments
Af. Am.
Leaders
Reconstruction
Reforms
Resistance to
Reconstruction
Vocabulary:
Ku Klux Klan
definition
Continue
notes on
next RIGHT
PAGE if
necessary
Amnesty Acts
definition
Reconstruction
Ends
Compromise
of 1877
Compromise of 1877
Ended Reconstruction
Enforcement Acts
definition
Right Side – “Redeemers”, p. 568
Redeemers
o Southern Dem. regained control of state
governments
o Limited rights of African Americans
o Cut funding for public education and social
programs
“African Americans’ Rights Restricted”, p. 568
Identify:
2 ways Southerners limited African American
rights…
Blue Terms go on left vocabulary page
Poll tax – a fee that had to be paid in order to vote
Literacy test – a test to see if you could read and write
before you could vote
Grandfather Clause – if your grandfather could do it,
you could do it – pre 1867.
Why do these tactics NOT violate the 15th Amendment?
Set up your page for
Cornell Notes.
XX The Fight Over
Reconstruction
Section 3:
Reconstruction
in the South
Reconstruction
Governments
Af. Am.
Leaders
Reconstruction
Reforms
Resistance to
Reconstruction
Vocabulary:
Ku Klux Klan
definition
Continue
notes on
next RIGHT
PAGE if
necessary
Amnesty Acts
definition
Reconstruction
Ends
Compromise
of 1877
Compromise of 1877
Ended Reconstruction
Enforcement Acts
definition
Poll Tax
Literacy Test
How does
this cartoon
portray the
literacy
tests
southern
states used
to prevent
African
Americans
from
voting?
On your vocabulary page (LEFT PAGE)
Jim Crow laws
Laws established to legalize segregation
(separation) in public areas
Set up your page for
Cornell Notes.
XX The Fight Over
Reconstruction
Section 3:
Reconstruction
in the South
Reconstruction
Governments
Af. Am.
Leaders
Reconstruction
Reforms
Resistance to
Reconstruction
Vocabulary:
Ku Klux Klan
definition
Continue
notes on
next RIGHT
PAGE if
necessary
Amnesty Acts
definition
Reconstruction
Ends
Compromise
of 1877
Compromise of 1877
Ended Reconstruction
Enforcement Acts
definition
Poll Tax
Literacy Test
Jim Crow Laws
Pds 2 & 5
Segregation had
been in place for
decades when
this African
American man
was asked to give
up his seat on a
railway car in
Philadelphia.
What does this
image suggest
about segregation
in the North?
Jim Crow laws
made it legal to
segregate
nonwhites and
whites in places
such as this
school.
What impact did
these laws have
on the equality
of educational
opportunities for
whites and
African
Americans?
Not all white Southerners supported segregation.
When a Jim Crow law was proposed in South Carolina,
a Charleston News and Courier editorial tried to show
how unjust it was by taking segregation to ridiculous
extremes.
If there must be Jim Crow cars on railroads, there should be
Jim Crow cars on the street railways. Also on all passenger
boats . . . There should be Jim Crow waiting saloons
[waiting rooms] at all stations, and Jim Crow eating houses
. . . There should be Jim Crow sections of the jury box, and
a separate Jim Crow . . . witness stand in every court—and a
Jim Crow Bible for colored witnesses to kiss.
Instead of being a joke, as intended,
most of these ridiculous suggestions soon became laws.
Read Supreme
Court Decisions on
page 568 and
think about the 2
questions listed.
Blue Terms go on left vocabulary page
Plessy vs. Ferguson –
o Supreme Court case that legalized
segregation / Jim Crow laws.
o “separate but equal”?
Set up your page for
Cornell Notes.
XX The Fight Over
Reconstruction
Section 3:
Reconstruction
in the South
Reconstruction
Governments
Af. Am.
Leaders
Reconstruction
Reforms
Resistance to
Reconstruction
Vocabulary:
Ku Klux Klan
definition
Continue
notes on
next RIGHT
PAGE if
necessary
Amnesty Acts
definition
Reconstruction
Ends
Compromise
of 1877
Compromise of 1877
Ended Reconstruction
Enforcement Acts
definition
Poll Tax
Literacy Test
Jim Crow Laws
Plessy v. Ferguson
Sharecropping
was a system in
which poor
African
Americans
rented land from
white
landowners in
exchange for a
portion of the
harvest.
Many African Americans stayed on plantations
because it was too costly to buy or rent farms or
to move west
There would be continuing problems with
weather, poor harvests, and low crop prices,
making it nearly impossible for sharecroppers to
escape debt.
Landowner Sharecropper / Tenant Farmer
Landowner
Loan tools and seed up to 60% interest to tenant farmer to plant spring crop.
Farmer also secures food, clothing, and other necessities on credit from merchant until the harvest.
Merchant holds “lien” {mortgage} on part of tenant’s future crops as repayment of debt.
Plants crop, harvests in autumn.
Turns over up to ½ of crop to land owner as payment of rent.
Tenant gives remainder of crop to merchant in payment of debt.
Rents land to tenant in exchange for ¼ to ½ of tenant farmer’s future crop.
Definition – LEFT SIDE
Sharecropping
o A system of farming where the farm owner
provides the land, tools & supplies, and the
sharecropper provides the labor.
o Led to a cycle of poverty and debt.
Set up your page for
Cornell Notes.
XX The Fight Over
Reconstruction
Section 3:
Reconstruction
in the South
Reconstruction
Governments
Af. Am.
Leaders
Reconstruction
Reforms
Resistance to
Reconstruction
Vocabulary:
Ku Klux Klan
definition
Continue
notes on
next RIGHT
PAGE if
necessary
Amnesty Acts
definition
Reconstruction
Ends
Compromise
of 1877
Compromise of 1877
Ended Reconstruction
Enforcement Acts
definition
Poll Tax
definition
Jim Crow Laws
definition
Sharecropping
definition
Literacy Tests
definition
Plessy v. Ferguson
definition
Workers process iron in a factory in Birmingham, AL, in the 1890s.
How did the development of factories, such as this one, help to
balance opportunities for workers in the southern economy?
Southern Business Leaders
o Hoped industry would strengthen the southern economy
and create a New South
Benefits & Drawbacks of Mill Work
o Benefits:
entire families were employed, women were valued
workers, it was an alternative to farming
o Drawbacks:
tedious work and long hours, asthma & brown lung
disease, injuries, death, few advancement opportunities
for women
The most successful industrial development in
the South after Reconstruction was… textiles
On the RIGHT side – in notes. (last notes)
After Reconstruction:
o Textiles became the leading industry in
the South.
o African Americans could work as
sharecroppers or work in some mills,
which wasn’t much better.
Cite evidence from the charts that the southern
economy diversified following the Civil War.
Write a paragraph summary – 3-5 sentences – to
answer the following:
What were some of the problems,
struggles, solutions or proposals the
nation dealt with in rebuilding the union?
You may use the Main Ideas for Section 3 (as listed on
page 564) as a guide, but your notes and your
knowledge should be the main source of information.
Set up your page for
Cornell Notes.
XX The Fight Over
Reconstruction
Section 3:
Reconstruction
in the South
Reconstruction
Governments
Af. Am.
Leaders
Reconstruction
Reforms
Resistance to
Reconstruction
Vocabulary:
Ku Klux Klan
definition
Continue
notes on
next RIGHT
PAGE if
necessary
Amnesty Acts
definition
Reconstruction
Ends
Compromise
of 1877
Compromise of 1877
Ended Reconstruction
Enforcement Acts
definition
Poll Tax
definition
Jim Crow Laws
definition
Sharecropping
definition
Literacy Tests
definition
Plessy v. Ferguson
definition
After
Reconstruction
Assign the terms + or – based on the key listed below
Ku Klux Klan
Enforcement Acts
Amnesty Acts
Compromise of 1877
Poll Tax
Literacy Test
Jim Crow Laws
Plessy v, Ferguson
Sharecropping
Toward Full Citizenship = +
Back toward Limited Citizenship = -
Minor Effect = 1 + or –
Medium Effect = 2 + or –
Major Effect = 3 + or –
Set up your page for
Cornell Notes.
XX The Fight Over
Reconstruction
Section 3:
Reconstruction
in the South
Reconstruction
Governments
Af. Am.
Leaders
Reconstruction
Reforms
Resistance to
Reconstruction
Vocabulary:
Ku Klux Klan
definition
Continue
notes on
next RIGHT
PAGE if
necessary
Amnesty Acts
definition
Reconstruction
Ends
Compromise
of 1877
Compromise of 1877
Ended Reconstruction
Enforcement Acts
definition
Poll Tax
definition
Jim Crow Laws
definition
Sharecropping
definition
Literacy Tests
definition
Plessy v. Ferguson
definition Overall, do you believe this period of
Reconstruction led African
Americans closer to full citizenship?
Explain.
Do on
another left
page if
necessary.
Create a
NEW
spectrum…
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Start where you ended last time.
Move forward or backward according to the
number of + or – you gave each term.
(Move in order terms are listed.)
Put an X on the Spectrum where you finish
Limited
Citizenship
Full
Citizenship
x
Under the spectrum, respond to the
following in at least 3 lines:
Overall, do you believe this period of
Reconstruction led African Americans
closer to full citizenship? Explain.
Set up your page for
Cornell Notes.
XX
Vocabulary:
1.
2.
Section 3:
Continue
notes on
next RIGHT
PAGE if
necessary
Overall, do you believe this period of
Reconstruction led African
Americans closer to full citizenship?
Explain.
http://www.history.com/topics/american-civil-war/reconstruction