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2002-2009 Slide 2 ISTeC NSF/NIH Funding Research Questions CSU Funded Research Visualizations Interdisciplinary Collaborations (Map of Science) Research @ CSU 2 Slide 3 Events National Academies Report (late 2004) NSF/NIH interdisciplinary policy emerges (2005) CSU Supercluster Initiative announced (2006) Innovation for Global Competitiveness Porter strength of linkages (2000) Porters Economic Clusters (1998) Silicon Valley Technology Hub, California Wine Cluster Research @ CSU 3 Slide 4 Innovation myth of the lone inventor (Berkun, 2007) Creativity key concerns of organizations and businesses (Runco, 2004) Collaboration increased innovation in bio-tech startups (Napier & Nilsson, 2006) Research @ CSU 4 Slide 5 Collaboration is hard Many barriers to success (various) Interdisciplinary Collaboration is harder! merely reconfiguration of old studies (Rhoten, 2004) Academia consists of disparate cultures and tribes that continue to operate in isolated disciplines Research @ CSU 5 Slide 6 What is the structure of the relationships between researchers at CSU? Are there any differences in these structures pre/post the supercluster change events? Research @ CSU 6 Slide 7 7 Slide 8 Not Communications Data Not Publication Data Not Citation Data No External Relationships No Implicit Relationships However, $$ speaks loudly Less gaming? Research @ CSU 8 Slide 9 9 Sponsored Programs data from 2002 to 2009 2002-2005 is PRE 2006-2009 is POST 5291Funded Grants 1411 CSU Researchers 5111 Relationships PI, Co-PI, Collaborator Slide 10 Research @ CSU 10 Slide 11 YearProposalsAmount 2002550$281M 2003643$418M 2004849$411M 2005881$381M 2006954$441M 2007984$405M 20081070$515M 20091340$901M YearGrantsAmount 2002391$159M 2003421$175M 2004659$189M 2005596$199M 2006705$170M 2007823$161M 2008854$224M 2009842$187M FundedNot Funded Research @ CSU 11 Slide 12 Density How tightly bound a system is, and denser networks are desired, being more resilient, and for increasing productivity and collaboration. Centrality A centralized network is highly dependent on a few key people to start initiatives and distribute information. Research @ CSU 12 Slide 13 Cut Ties (Bridges) Bridges are ties (lines) in a network whose removal would cause a separation between network components and disconnect one part of the network from another Bridges are important Research @ CSU 13 Slide 14 Research @ CSU 14 Slide 15 Isolated Researchers Cut Ties Biology Cluster Math/Physics Chemistry CS/EE Engineering Biotechnolgoy Earth Sciences Biology Infectious DiseasesMedicalBrainHealth ProfessionalsSocial Sciences Humanities Research @ CSU 15 Slide 16 FundedProposals $ Mean (Normalized) Individuals (Teams) InterDisc Relationships DensityBetweenness Centrality Cut-Ties (InterDisc) PRE 2067 $349,682 *** 676 (229) 244 0.118 *** 4.850.00159 * 66 (41) POST 3224 $230,000 *** 767 (305) 269 0.083 *** 5.430.00141 * 65 (30) Not Funded PRE 2914 $510,922 *** 742 (430) 659 0.226 *** 7.010.00183105 (77) POST 4337 $521,640 *** 826 (535) 700 0.161 *** 8.010.00169115 (74) (Significance codes: ***p< 0.001, **p< 0.01, *p< 0.05) Research @ CSU 16 Note: Grants are 2x larger ($$) if interdisciplinary *** Slide 17 Less funding ($$) per proposal Fewer relationships and much fewer interdisciplinary relationships Fewer interdisciplinary cut-ties, i.e. less connections between clusters Yet, interdisciplinary grants are 2x larger! Research @ CSU 17 Slide 18 Isolated Well Funded Researchers Less Funded Connected Researchers Well Funded Isolated Cluster Mike Kirby Math/Physics Chemistry CS/EE Engineering Biotechnolgoy Earth Sciences Biology Infectious DiseasesMedicalBrainHealth ProfessionalsSocial Sciences Humanities Research @ CSU 18 Slide 19 Math/Physics Chemistry CS/EE Engineering Biotechnolgoy Earth Sciences Biology Infectious DiseasesMedicalBrainHealth ProfessionalsSocial Sciences Humanities Pre (2002-2005) Research @ CSU 19 Slide 20 Math/Physics Chemistry CS/EE Engineering Biotechnolgoy Earth Sciences Biology Infectious DiseasesMedicalBrainHealth ProfessionalsSocial Sciences Humanities Post (2006-2009) Research @ CSU 20 Slide 21 Density Not Significantly Different Betweenness Centrality Decreasing! (p