2005

Higher School Certificate

Preliminary Examination

General Instructions

• Reading time - 5 minutes

• Working time - 2 hours

• Board approved calculators may be used

• Write using black or blue pen

• Draw diagrams using pencil

• A Data Sheet, Formulae Sheets and Periodic Table are provided at the back of this paper

• Write your student number and/or name at the top of every page

Physics

Total marks (75) Attempt ALL questions This exam has two parts, Part A & Part B

Part A Total marks (15) Attempt questions 1-15 Allow about 30 minutes for this part

PartB Total marks (60) Attempt questions 16-28 Allow about 1 hour 30 minutes for this part

This paper MUST NOT be removed from the examination room

STUDENT NUMBER/NAME: ………………….

STUDENT NUMBER/NAME:

Part A Total marks (15) Attempt questions 1-15 Allow about 30 minutes for this part

Select the alternative A, B, C or D that best answers the question and indicate your choice w

ith a cross (X) in the appropriate space on the grid below.

A

B

C

D

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

STUDENT NUMBER/NAME:

A sound wave is observed to change its speed, direction of travel and wavelength, but not its frequency. What can we conclude from this?

1.

(A) The wave has been reflected. (B) The wave has been refracted. (C) The wave has been diffracted. (D) The wave has been superimposed on another wave.

This question refers to the unlabelled graph below.

Which pair of variables, when plotted against each other, would produce a graph like this?

the velocity of a water wave against its wavelength (A) (B) (C) (D)

the frequency of a sound wave against its wavelength the amplitude of an electromagnetic wave against its frequency the intensity of a light ray against its wavelength

3. The diagram shows a light ray passing through a slab of glass.

If the refractive index of the glass is 1.46, what is the angle of refraction inside the slab?

6° 20° 36° 70°

(A) (B) (C) (D)

STUDENT NUMBER/NAME:

4. The graphs show the positions of the same wave 0.2s apart.

W

hat is the maximum possible period for the wave?

(A) 0.4s (B) 0.6s (C) 0.9s (D) 1.0s

5. The diagram shows a circuit with two resistors.

What is the magnitude of the current flowing through the 4Q resistor?

(A) 0.75 A (B) 1.0 A (C) 2.67 A (D) 3.0 A

STUDENT NUMBER/NAME: ......................

6. The diagrams show the magnetic field around a straight current-carrying conductor PQ, and inside a current-carrying coil.

P x x x x x x x x x x x x Q • • • • • • • • • • • • • •

Current-carrying conductor Current-carrying coil

Which choice correctly identifies the direction of the currents in the wire and the coil?

In wire In coil from P to Q anticlockwisefrom P to Q clockwisefrom Q to P anticlockwisefrom Q to P clockwise

(A) (B) (C) (D)

7. The diagram shows two positions, X and Y, between charged, parallel plates. The electric field inside the plates is shown.

Which statement about the strength of the electric field at X and Y is correct?

(A) The field at X is stronger than the field at Y. (B) The field at Y is stronger than the field at X. (C) The fields at X and Y are of equal strength. (D) We need to know the distance between X and Y in order to determine the

electric field strength.

8. Why are lighting and power circuits in homes different?

(A) All the lights and appliances do not fit onto one circuit. (B) Lights draw less current than most appliances. (C) A larger fuse is required for the lighting circuit. (D) Appliances draw less current than lights.

STUDENT NUMBER/NAME:

9. A student is concerned about his weight. His friend suggests that he takes his scales to the Moon where he will weigh less. Why do the scales indicate a lower weight on the Moon?

(A) Scales are designed to take into account the acceleration due to gravity on the Earth. (B) Mass decreases on the Moon due to its lower gravitational force. (C) Scales will not give a reading on the Moon - the needle remains at zero. (D) The mass of an object is constant regardless of its position in the Universe.

10. An engineer has designed a road curving around a hill. The engineer is concerned that vehicles will not be able to travel safely around the bends in the road.

To ensure that the vehicles can safely follow the curves, which of the following changes should be made to the design?

(A) Increase the radius of curvature; increase the maximum allowable speed for the vehicles.

(B) Increase the radius of curvature; decrease the maximum allowable speed for the vehicles.

(C) Decrease the radius of curvature; increase the maximum allowable speed for the vehicles.

(D) Decrease the radius of curvature; decrease the maximum allowable speed for the vehicles.

11. Which of the following can NOT be a consequence of a net external force acting on an object?

(A) acceleration (B) decrease in speed (C) change in direction (D) decrease in weight

12. Modern cars are designed with crumple zones for safety reasons. Which of the following describes the effect of the crumple zone to the impulse, force and time of a collision in which a car's speed is reduced to zero?

Impulse Force Time

Decreased Decreased Same

Decreased Increased Decreased

Same Increased Decreased

Same Decreased Increased

(A)

(B)

(C)

(D)

STUDENT NUMBER/NAME: ..........................

13 . Which of the following scientists developed a model of the universe before Newton?

(A) Einstein (B) Friedmann (C) Ptolemy (D) Hubble

14. Which characteristic of a star is directly related to its colour?

(A) composition (B) size (C) gas pressure (D) temperature

15. In a particular star both hydrogen and helium are reactants in energy producing reactions. To which group of stars does this star belong? -

(A) black holes ; (B) main sequence (C) red giants (D) white dwarfs

End of Part A

STUDENT NUMBER/NAME:

Part B Total marks (60) Attempt questions 16 - 28 Allow about 1 hour 30 minutes for this part

Answer the questions in the spaces provided.

Question 16 (4 marks)

Discuss the structure of an optical fibre and explain how optical fibres carry light. …………………………………………………………………………

Marks

4

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………………………

Question 17 (2 marks)

(a) Draw a diagram showing the reflection of parallel rays from a convex mirror. 1

(b) Recall an application of a convex mirror ………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………………………

STUDENT NUMBER/NAME:

MarksQuestion 18 (3 marks)

Draw diagrams to show:

(a) A radio carrier wave. 1

(b) The carrier wave after amplitude modulation. 1

(c) The carrier wave after frequency modulation. 1

Question 19 (6 marks)

In your course of study this year you researched information to determine the underlying physical principles used in the application of physics related to waves on either the Global Positioning System, CD technology, the Internet or DVD technology.

Choose ONE of these and discuss these underlying physical principles. 6 ………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………………………

STUDENT NUMBER/NAME:

Question 20 (6 marks) Marks

Choose TWO safety strategies used in household circuits. NAME the two strategies and outline how EACH works. (a) (i) Strategy ONE: 2

………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………………………

(ii) Strategy TWO: 2 …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………… (b) Compare the TWO strategies names above in terms of safety to the user. 2 ………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………………………

Question 21 (6 marks)

(a) Discuss how the main sources of domestic energy have changed over time. 3 ………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………………………

(b) Assess the impact of increased access to electricity for a community. 3 ………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………………………

STUDENT NUMBER/NAME:

Question 22 (3 marks) Marks

The circuit below shows how lights might be connected in five different rooms in a house.

Compare the lighting circuits in the kitchen and the main bedroom. 2

………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………… (b) The diagram shows a circuit with one light globe.

(a)

Compare the effect on the intensity of the light globe when another identical globe is added in series as opposed to adding it in parallel. 1

………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………………………

STUDENT NUMBER/NAME:

Question 23 (5 marks) Marks

A radio-controlled car on a straight track accelerates uniformly from rest to 1.5 ms"1 in 5 seconds. The car continues at constant velocity for 10 seconds and decelerates uniformly to come to rest in 2 seconds.

(a) Draw a velocity-time graph for the data above. 3

Calculate the acceleration at 3 seconds after start 1 (b) ………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………………………

(C) Calculate the total distance travelled.. 1………………………………………………………………………… …

………………………………………………………………………

STUDENT NUMBER/NAME: ......

Question 24 (5 marks) Marks

(a) State the law of conservation of energy. 1 ………………………………………………………………………… …

………………………………………………………………………

(b) Calculate the change in kinetic energy of a car of mass 2000kg if it changes its velocity from 30kmh"' to eOkmh'1. 3

………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………………………

(c) Explain the source of the energy gain. 1 ………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………… Question 25 (5 marks)

(a) Describe how you would measure the average speed of a moving object. 3

………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………… (b) How could the reliability of your average speed measurement be checked? 1 ………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………… (c) Explain why your method would not be valid for measuring instantaneous speed. 1 ………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………………………

STUDENT NUMBER/NAME:..........................

Question 26 (6 marks)

Marks Draw a Hertzsprung-Russell diagram for main sequence stars, red giants and white dwarfs. Include TWO alternative names for the horizontal axis and one name for the vertical axis.

6

Question 27 (5 marks)

Construct a table to compare the properties of alpha, beta and gamma rays. Include the following properties:

5 nature ionising power penetrating power effect of electric field on the type of radiation

STUDENT NUMBER/NAME:..........................

Question 28 (4 marks) Marks Justify the current expanding universe theory. 4

………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………………………

End of Paper

FORMULAE SHEET

1

7I x

v - f L

vr sin i- = . - -v2 sln r

ff itff i lE ^ - - G -

P r

F = m g

"t

= urZ

v - - u+ a t

,,,, ' - F

q

vf t - -

I

P _ V I

Energy - VIt

- uyz + ZarLy

A,x -- u*t

. l )L y - u r t * i o y t '

,3 GM

Tz 4n2

Gmrm"f a l L

t '

d2

a

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A,r'av

a,t

Avao,, -} thereforaou,4v

A, t

2 F - m a

?r m v -

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h I lLk : t*r-

W - F s

P = m v

Impulse - Ft

v - u

l r = l oEto

t -. v -

f f i r =

trm0

E

FORMULAE SHEET

F I,I,' L L

, t -

t d

F - BII sin0

t = F dIA .^^(*r_*) ls" = 100'

r - nBlAcoso IB

4n2 13mr+mz -

GTz

a = !p

M - m-5.-(#)

' o - ' o

VS ft,

+=.(+ #)^ hL - _

mv

F - qvB sin9

n - Yd

E = h f

, : f L4 = *

Z : p v

, , = [ t r -

t r ] '

Io [t, * zr)'

Vout = -

R,

vrn Ri

Physics

DATA SHBET

Charge on electroo, ee

Mass of electron, me

Mass of neutrorr, ffin

Mass of proton, ffip

Speed of sound in air

Earth's gravitational acceleration, g

Speed of light, c

Magnetic force consranr ,(n = *)

Universal gravitational constant, G

Mass of Earth

Planck constant, ft

Rydberg constant, R (hydrogen)

Atomic mass unit, a

l e V

Density of water, p

Specific heat capacity of water

-1.602 x 10-1e C

9.109 x 10-3r kg

1.675 x 10-27 kg

1.673 x 10-27 kg

340 m s-l

9.8 m s-2

3 . 0 0 x 1 0 8 m s - l

2 . 0 x 1 0 - 7 N A - 2

6.67 x lo-11 N m2 kg-'

6.0 x l02a kg

6.626x 10-3aJs

1.097 x 107 m-l

1.661 x 10-2' kg

931.5 MeYlc2

1.602 x 10-1e J

1.00 x 103 kg *-3

4.1g x 103 J kg-t 6-t

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