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Page 1: 201009 - OSHC · 2016. 11. 24. · 201009.pdf Author: Administrator Created Date: 11/24/2016 4:00:10 PM
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綠十字 GREEN CROSS 九月/十月 Sep/Oct 2010

The 9th Hong Kong Occupational Safety & Health Award Forum and Award Presentation Ceremony

Shui On also won the Gold Award

in ‘Work Safe Behaviour Promotion. The

focus of its project, ‘Enhance Workers

Behavioural-based Safety Program’,

was to establish long-term strategies

to change the unsafe behaviour of

workers through a comprehensive

research study on personal, work and

organizations. Mr C W Tong, Senior

Manager – Health Safety & Environment

of the company pointed out that ,

‘Building up the safety behaviour of

workers is a gradual process and cannot

be achieved overnight. The company

established a research team in 2004, and

now has entered its harvest period. The

accident rate per 1,000 employees has

dropped to a stable standard in recent

years. In future, more emphasis will

be put on mutual monitoring and care

among fellow workers as the way of

development.’

The Go ld Award fo r ‘ S a fe t y

Promotion Award’ went to Matilda

I n terna t iona l Hosp i t a l a ga in th i s

year. The hospital’s main promotion

t h e m e w a s h a n d hy g i e n e . T h e i r

‘Clean Hands Healthy Hands’ project

taught employees, patients and the

pub l i c the impor tant message o f

hand cleaning and the correct way

t o c l e an h and s t h rough v a r i ou s

act iv i t ies . During the promotional

month , a tota l o f 9 promot iona l

schemes were in troduced by the

H o s p i t a l , i n c l u d i n g s l o g a n a n d

photography competitions, as well as

producing badges to remind people

of hand cleaning, Staff ’s awareness of

hand cleaning was enhanced and the

infect ion rate within the Hospita l

was reduced.

‘The Hong Kong Federation of

Insurers Award for Excellence in OSH’

was to recognize an organization’s

efforts to reduce the occurrence of

occupational injuries and occupational

d i s e a se s , a nd t he i r p rov i s i on o f

appropriate occupational rehabilitation

services to employees injured at work.

The Gold Award went to DHL Express

(Hong Kong) Ltd. A comprehensive

‘Occupational Rehabilitation Program’

was included in their ‘Total Occupational

Safety and Health Solutions’, it aims to

help the injured employees receiving

appropriate treatments, and returning

to work gradually and safely through

psychological counseling and assistance

from social workers.

The Gold Award for ‘Catering

S M E s S p o n s o r s h i p S c h e m e O S H

Award’ went to Tsui Bo Restaurant

Ltd – Calf Bone King (Kau Yuk Road,

Yuen Long). While the Gold Award for

‘Best Performance Award’ went to the

Hongkong Electric Co Ltd – Generation

Division.

Participant, Mr Ngai said in terms

of accident reduction, it should be

more important to prevent than to

cure. The sharing of the organizations

cou ld remind peop le o f th i s . He

was impressed by the personal safe

behaviour, ‘Stop and Think’, introduced

by CLP Power Hong Kong Ltd. It help

to remind him about work safety

and enhance h i s per sona l s a fe t y

awareness. Mr Ma, who participated

in a performance at the forum said

that, through the preparation of this

compet i t ion , f rom concept ion to

performance, he and his colleagues

exchanged their knowledge of OSH.

He fe l t tha t h i s OSH awareness

was enhanced through the repeated

rehearsals.

M r L e e K a i M i n g , G B S , J P,

Chairman of the Occupational Safety

and Health Council said in his speech

that, ‘Publ ic concern for OSH has

been enhanc ing cont inuous ly. The

participating projects have implemented

effective measures to promote OSH

in various aspects, thus strengthening

the protect ion to employees , and

demonstrating the recognition and

support from both employers and

emp loyee s to OSH . I hope t h a t

everybody can support OSH, thus

benefit the entire society.’ Mr Cheung

Kin Chung, Matthew, GBS, JP, Secretary

for Labour and Welfare said that, the

OSH awareness of Hong Kong people

has been improving continuously. Last

year’s number of occupational accidents

and the occupat iona l in jur y ra te

recorded a more than 30% decrease

when compared to the same figure

from 2000. However, with the gradual

recovery from the economic turmoil,

corporate confidence in hiring has

been strengthened and construction

projects have been launched gradually.

The number of occupational accident

and the occupational injury rate in the

first quarter of this year has increased

by 9.6% and 6.7% respectively when

compared with last year’s. Therefore,

everybody in the sector should not

lower their guard, and should work

hard to enhance OSH standards.

返回目錄

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綠十字 GREEN CROSS 九月/十月 Sep/Oct 2010

香港與日本建造業工傷意外比較

日本所有行業及建造業的千人意外率

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綠十字 GREEN CROSS 九月/十月 Sep/Oct 2010

香港與日本建造業工傷意外比較

日本所有行業及建造業的意外傷亡個案數字

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綠十字 GREEN CROSS 九月/十月 Sep/Oct 2010

香港與日本建造業工傷意外比較

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檢查也缺少了對象。然而隨著沿海、

沿江和東部工業的內遷,給當地帶來

了生機,相應給西南、西北的經濟逐

步帶來繁榮;而且當地的民族資本企

業亦逐步發展起來。

1940年 11月,社會部由原屬國民

黨中央,改由隸屬國民政府行政院。

1941年 12月,社會部明確由社會福利

司二科負責工礦檢查工作。1942年春,

在社會部社會福利司中設工礦檢查室。

自 1942年至 1945年間,工礦檢查室主

要檢查重慶一帶,其後隨檢查人員增

加,檢查地點亦陸續擴大至各重要工

業城市如:城都、昆明、貴陽、桂林及

西安等地。這四年間,共檢查 2897個

工場,當中包括機械及金屬品製造業

工場 746個、化學工業工場 591個、土

石玻璃製造業工場 185個及紡織工業工

場共 494個等等。

由「礦場法」的具體施行時間原未

公布,尚在修正過程中,在 1945年開

始試開的礦場檢查主要礦場 119個,其

中油礦 1個、錫礦 1個外,其餘 117個

均為煤礦。但是工礦檢查的要求,勞工

福利包括工時、工資以及安全衛生等

仍然是非常低,關於工時,依然以八小

時為原則,但在戰時可以酌以延長,現

時有若干業職工工作時間,有以加班

為名以延長至十二、十三小時以上;

關於安全衛生及福利設備,各礦場因

種種條件要與法定標準相較,當然相

差甚遠。政府一面體會戰時礦場各種

的困難,一面仍應顧及勞工的基本福

利,故對工業檢查仍職權進行,上年

及本年原定在後方各省普遍推行,後

因戰局關係豫湘省暫時停止,總共檢

查工業 956個。檢查結果,國營業礦及

若干較進步的民營業礦的福利設備較

好,而一般民營小業礦的福利設備相

差太遠,其中以礦工及童工的待遇為

最壞。政府現在一面教導,一面取締。

唯政府仍考慮到戰時,勞工行政方面

在推行之始,故對各業礦勞工福利有

不合法或違反政策之處,均以採取教

導糾正的態度,尚未以職權採取強制

執行的手段。

國民黨政府在抗戰時期,頒布了

一些戰時法令與辦法,涉及取締勞資

關係,防止人員流動,大部分已頒布的

勞工法規繼續有效,少數作了修正。

例如第一節工會人數是由「工會法」規

定,非常時期職業團體會員強制入會

與限制退會,所以疹有根據會員數的

統計出的工人人數。有些法律如「工業

法」、「工業檢查法」和「工業安全及衛

生檢查細則」等,因無實施可能或嚴重

脫離實際,其基本不能發生約束力。

1946-1949年國統區狀況抗日戰爭勝利以後,國民黨及其

國民政府立即派員動手接收及處理日

偽產業,共採取行政、經濟等多種措

施,促使所接受的工礦企業盡快恢復

生產,以維護其自身利益,為加強統

治力量,並為下一步發動內戰作經濟

上的準備。與此同時,抗戰初期由沿

海城市等地陸續遷出,在勝利以後,

紛紛回遷,以圖取更進一步的發展。

他們中有的是整個工業回遷,雖然在

回遷的過程中,遇到重重困難,這些

民族資本工商業者仍想方設法,努力

恢復回遷後的生產。從抗日戰爭勝利

到全國各地陸續解放前夕約四年時間

裡,國統區的工礦業,經歷了由恢復

到短暫的,相對發展,又陷入全面危

機,崩潰的過程。

工礦檢查處的成立及有關工作

經社會部呈奉行政院核准,於

1946年 8月工礦檢查處正式成立,共派

包華國任處長,張天開任副處長。由

於當時「工礦檢查處組織條例(草案)」

尚未被核定,開始組建時,立即組織

條例修正草案,設立了總務科、工礦

檢查科、礦場檢查科及技術室。但限

於經濟問題,工作難於開展。

1939-1949年國統區各種傷亡事故情況

由於處於抗戰時期,國民黨政府

對新聞控制得很緊,同時,報紙的版面

也很小,記者人數有限,在這一段時

間裡,有關工業、礦山發生事故消息

很少,有些只是人們所共知的,例如:

江輪沉沒,死傷人數很多,為了撫恤

條件,船東方與傷亡職工發生分歧,

這才見記者報導,特別在抗戰期間,

工業為防空分散到郊區及農村。一些

礦山處於寡鄉僻壤,即使有事故也很

難報導出來。而於 1946年,由陳達教

授出版的調查報告已有一個輪廓的反

映,工人有受傷,但工業沒有事故記

錄及報告。唯有從各種雜誌和資料中

找出其中一些事故的情況。

資料來源:

中國近代安全史 1840-1949(孫安

弟,2009年)

綠十字 GREEN CROSS 九月/十月 Sep/Oct 2010

介紹中國近代安全史(4)

返回目錄

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綠十字 GREEN CROSS 九月/十月 Sep/Oct 2010

職安健辭典

印刷技工危害因素• 使用油墨及顏料時,沒有採取物

料安全資料表及標籤上所註明的

預防措施

• 接觸化學物品時,沒有戴上合適

的手套

• 使用有機溶劑例如白電油,來清

除手上的污漬

預防方法• 使用一些較安全及刺激性較低的

化學品

• 清楚了解物料安全資料表及標

籤上的內容,並採取適當的預

防措施

• 穿著合適的手套及保護衣物,避

免皮膚直接接觸化學品

• 使用洗手劑清除皮膚上的污漬,

及塗上潤膚霜保護皮膚

理髮師危害因素• 經常接觸理髮用品

• 手部經常濕水

• 沒有配戴合適的保護手套

預防方法• 選用一些不會或較少刺激

皮膚或使皮膚敏感的理髮

產品

• 根據理髮用品

說 明 書 的 建

議,採取適當

的預防措施

• 使用防護手套

來保護雙手

• 雙手濕水後,應盡快

抹乾

• 接觸電髮劑後,應盡快

以性質溫和的清潔劑洗

手,並塗上潤膚霜保護皮膚

泥水工人危害因素• 徒手處理水泥

• 水泥濺入鞋內,令雙腳接觸到水

• 穿着不合適的工作服,未能保護

皮膚被水泥濺及

• 在每天放工的時候,才清洗濺及

身上的水泥

預防方法• 工作時,要穿戴防水的膠手套及

防水安全鞋

• 穿着合適的工作服,避免皮膚接

觸到水泥

• 如皮膚被水泥濺及,應盡快清洗

• 塗上潤膚霜滋潤皮膚

總結除了上述所提及的預防措施外,

實施接觸性皮膚炎預防計劃,亦有助

及早察覺僱員患有皮膚炎的情況及早

期症狀,並即醫治及跟進。這計劃除

了可以保障員工健康外,亦可大大提

升員工對職業性皮膚炎的防禦及控制

措施的認識。

返回目錄

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