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AIKCU Economic Impact Estimate

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The Association of Independent Kentucky Colleges and Universities (AIKCU) is composed of

twenty (20) non-public institutions of higher education. AIKCU member institutions directly

employ more than 7,000 employees, and pay salaries above the state average wage and salary.

These jobs are widely spread across the Commonwealth and can be characterized as being

economically, socially, and environmentally friendly. Additionally, AIKCU’s member colleges

and universities serve more than 36,000 students and play a critical role in Kentucky’s

postsecondary education system.

This economic estimate measures the operational annual economic impact value of AIKCU’s

member institutions. This economic impact estimate does not measure the economic and social

value of the students and alumni to the Commonwealth of Kentucky. The economic benefits,

which Kentucky receives from AIKCU’s member institutions operating in Kentucky, is

significant, adding $617 million to Kentucky’s state gross domestic product (GDP) annually.

These annual operational values recur each year. Based on the one-year (academic year 2011 -

2012) operational impact estimate, the AIKCU’s member institutions could easily add $6 billion

(cumulative) to Kentucky’s state GDP during a ten (10) year period. If the value of the AIKCU’s

member institutions’ alumni were to be added to this impact, then the impact would be

noticeably higher.

Uniqueness of the Economic and Social Impact

AIKCU’s member institutions vary from Kentucky’s public universities to Kentucky’s

Community and Technical College System (KCTCS) in how they cost and benefit the

Commonwealth. Kentucky’s public institutions of higher education receive funding from state

revenues. AIKCU’s member institutions do not receive direct state operational funds.

Additionally, Kentucky historically has utilized state revenue to assist in the creation of jobs in

the Commonwealth. Each year in Kentucky, several hundred new and existing businesses are

approved to receive state financial incentives for creating and retaining jobs in the state.

AIKCU’s member institutions provide both economic benefits and social benefits to Kentucky

without direct state appropriations for the operation of these institutions. This may make the

Annual Economic Impact Estimate

2011 -2012

The Association of Independent Kentucky Colleges and Universities

AIKCU

Frankfort, Kentucky

5/4/2014

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AIKCU’s member institutions the one of the greatest economic and social bargain to the

residents and taxpayers of Kentucky.

Industries such as manufacturing and transportation tend to have a significant impact on the

environment and the state’s infrastructure. Air and water pollution tend to be externalities of

these types of industries, while at the same time they place a burden on the state’s infrastructure

(exempli gratia: heavy trucks put wear and tear on the highway system). Operationally,

AIKCU’s member institutions are friendly to the environment and to the state’s cost of

maintaining the state’s infrastructure.

Economic Impacts Not Measured in This Report

1. Perhaps the greatest benefit AIKCU’s member institutions provide for the state of

Kentucky is an economic impact not measured in this report. The impact of AIKCU’s

member institutions’ alumni has a tremendous effect across the spectrum of industries

doing business within the Commonwealth. Human capital is the most essential input for

any state’s economy, and Kentucky receives this benefit at little or no cost from the

alumni of these twenty (20) AIKCU’s member institutions. It can easily be expected that

wages, productivity, employment levels, business and industry recruitment, and state and

local taxes paid are each enhanced by the presence of the twenty (20) AIKCU’s member

institutions’ alumni.

2. Construction projects, which take place on the campuses of AIKCU’s member

institutions, generate non-recurring economic impacts, which generate jobs and pay

taxes.

3. Student spending beyond payments to AIKCU’s member institutions are not accounted

for in this report.

4. Research, federal and corporate grants, and community services provided by the

AIKCU’s member institutions have a true value to the state’s economy. However, the

results of research projects and the community service provided have not been calculated

in this study.

Input Data

The direct inputs for the economic impact estimates for the operational impact of Kentucky’s

AIKCU’s member institutions are listed in Table 1 (below). The member institutions are shown

in Table 2 (below), which is inclusive of total wages and employment.

Wage and salary benefits have been estimated at 30%. The benefit value for this industry sector

is derived from the United States Bureau of Economic Analysis Kentucky state average annual

wage benefit for educational services. The components of personal income benefits are inclusive

of employer contributions for employee pension and insurance funds (these consist of employer

payments to private and government employee retirement plans, private group health and life

insurance plans, privately administered workers' compensation plans, and supplemental

unemployment benefit plans) and of employer contributions for government social insurance.


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The industry sectors utilized for the economic impact model are NAICS 6112 and 6113 (Private

junior colleges, colleges, universities, and professional schools).

Table 1: Direct Input Assumptions for the Economic Impact Estimate

Full &

Part-time

Employment

Total

Annual Payroll

Without

Benefits

Estimated

Benefits

Total

Annual

Payroll

With

Benefits

Annual

Average

Wage

Without

Benefits

Annual

Average

Wage

With

Benefit

7,037 $264,821,000 30% $344,300,000 $37,632 $48,920 The AIKCU Frankfort, Kentucky, has provided the employment and wage values, utilizing NCES

Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS) data sets.

The employment and wage values are for the academic year 2011 to 2012.

The employment and wage values are for AIKCU member institutions.

Table 2: Association of Independent Kentucky Colleges and Universities Wages and

Employment

Institution

Name

Total Expenses-

Salaries and Wages

Full-time

Employees

Part-time

Employees

Total

Employees

Alice Lloyd College $ 3,877,609 106 13 119

Asbury University $ 14,371,567 284 138 422

Bellarmine University $ 28,976,472 398 284 682

Berea College $ 30,582,087 428 90 518

Brescia University $ 4,728,771 124 52 176

Campbellsville University $ 16,837,382 360 326 686

Centre College $ 19,612,361 364 45 409

Georgetown College $ 15,552,290 314 98 412

Kentucky Christian University $ 5,059,395 100 31 131

Kentucky Wesleyan College $ 5,648,420 122 74 196

Lindsey Wilson College $ 16,697,384 379 169 548

Mid-Continent University $ 8,954,463 199 162 361

Midway College $ 11,280,469 207 114 321

Saint Catharine College $ 5,823,411 128 16 144

Spalding University $ 14,048,706 213 188 401

Thomas More College $ 10,547,593 182 115 297

Transylvania University $ 17,137,712 284 36 320

Union College $ 7,664,986 188 45 233

University of Pikeville $ 12,515,336 231 39 270

University of the Cumberlands $ 14,904,319 287 104 391

Totals $ 264,820,733 4,898 2,139 7,037 Source: NCES Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS) data sets. Salary and wage data is for

fiscal 2011-12. Employee data is for fall 2011.


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Economic Impact Operational Estimate

(These impacts occur annually within the state of Kentucky)

The comprehensive estimate of AIKCU’s member institutions’ economic impact will combine

direct, indirect, and induced economic effects. These economic impacts have been segmented as

follows:

Direct Effects: Direct effects are the initial employment and wage impacts of AIKCU’s member

institutions, id est, the direct employment of faculty and staff.

Monies spent by the AIKCU’s member institutions directly flow into the salaries of 4,898 full-

time faculty and staff and 2,139 part-time faculty and staff. Total direct wages of $265 million

were paid during the 2011 – 2012 academic year. Total direct wages inclusive of benefits during

this academic year were $344 million. The average annual wage (inclusive of benefits) is

$48,920 (full and part-time combined average). The direct GDP impact is estimated at $344

million (annual).

Indirect Effects: This involves AIKCU’s member institutions purchasing goods and services

from other Kentucky businesses and industries. These recirculating dollars go on to support the

employment of suppliers of goods and services to AIKCU’s member institutions. These dollars

continue to circulate further into Kentucky’s economy as businesses owners and employees

spend their wages in the state’s economy (induced effect below). An estimated indirect 1,166

Kentucky jobs exist due to the operation of the AIKCU’s member institutions. These industries

may consist of food services, building maintenance/repair, employment services, computer

related services, wholesale trade, waste management, telecommunications, utilities, air

transportation, legal services, et cetera. Total indirect wages with benefits were more than $47

million. The average annual wage (inclusive of benefits) for those workers supporting the

AIKCU’s member institutions as suppliers of goods and services is $40,600 (estimate) annually.

Indirect Kentucky (GDP) was $102 million (estimate) during the 2011 – 2012 academic year.

Induced Effects: This involves the response by Kentucky’s economy to the AIKCU’s member

institutions, which occurs through re-spending of income received at the direct and induced

stages of the AIKCU’s member institutions operating within the Commonwealth. The induced

benefit is the result of direct AIKCU faculty and staff and the indirect jobs of the suppliers of

goods and services to the AIKCU’s member institutions spending money as consumers in

Kentucky’s economy.

This money is recirculated through the household spending patterns, causing further local

economic activity. An estimated induced 2,231 Kentucky jobs exist due to the operation of the

AIKCU’s member institutions. New jobs created in the areas of food services, plumbing,

medical/dental care, barbershops, clothing sales, police & fire protection, lawn care, legal

services, financial services, real estate, merchandise stores, automobile dealers, and service

stations, et cetera, are due to the direct and indirect effects of the initial creation of jobs. Total

induced wages with benefits were $89 million. The average annual wage (inclusive of benefits)

is $39,370. Indirect Kentucky gross domestic product was $162 million. Induced Kentucky

(GDP) was $162 million (estimate) during the 2011 – 2012 academic year.


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Total Economic Impact:

The value added to Kentucky’s economy on an annual operational basis by the AIKCU’s

member institutions indicates this to be one of Kentucky’s primary economic engines.

AIKCU’s member institutions direct employment of 7,037 (full and part-time) has the total

estimated operational (recurring) economic impact of

Creating 10,434 Kentucky jobs which pay an average of $45,950 per year (inclusive of

benefits); and

Generating $617 million in Kentucky GDP annually (2011-12);

o Approximately 0.4% of Kentucky’s total (GDP).

Table 3 breaks the operational economic impact into direct, indirect, induced, and total effects on

the state’s economy.

Table 3: Annual Operational Economic Impact Estimate for AIKCU Institutions

Impact Type Employment

Average Annual

Wage and Salary

(Inclusive of

Benefits)

Total Labor

Income

(Inclusive of

Benefits)

Gross Domestic

Product/

Value Added

Direct Effect 7,037 $ 48,920 $344,300,000 $354,100,000

Indirect Effect 1,166 $ 40,600 $47,300,000 $101,800,000

Induced Effect 2,231 $ 39,370 $87,800,000 $161,700,000

Total Effect 10,434 $ 45,950 $479,400,000 $617,600,000 Note: All economic impacts values occur within Kentucky.

Note: All impact values are annual.

Note: Totals may have variance due to rounding.

Note on Gross Domestic Product (Value Added): Gross Domestic Product is the value of new goods and

services added to the state’s economy. This varies from output, which may be characterized by spending

and/or the ultimate value of production. Output is often inclusive of economic values generated in other states

or countries and may not be a true measure of GDP for Kentucky.

Direct

72%

Indirect

10%

Induced

18%

Value Added to Kentucky's Economy by AIKCU’s Member Institutions

(Gross Domestic Product Estimate)


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Tables 4 and 5 more specifically break out the employment and value added (GDP) impacts for

the operational impact of the aggregated twenty (20) AIKCU’s member institutions. This

breakout is based on the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS). The industry

sectors are delineated at the 2-digit NAICS level.

Table 4: Annual Employment Operational Economic Impact Estimate for AIKCU Member

Institutions (2-digit NAICS)

NAICS and Industry Sector Direct Indirect Induced Total

Total 7,037 1,166 2,230 10,433

11 Agriculture, Forestry, Fish & Hunting 0 22 16 38

21 Mining 0 6 3 9

22 Utilities 0 34 7 41

23 Construction 0 26 18 44

31-33 Manufacturing 0 29 26 55

42 Wholesale trade businesses 0 27 60 87

44-45 Retail trade 0 4 449 453

48-49 Transportation & Warehousing 0 30 42 72

51 Information 0 50 32 82

52 Finance & insurance 0 34 118 153

53 Real estate & rental 0 256 108 364

54 Professional- scientific & tech services 0 101 70 171

55 Management of companies 0 3 6 10

56 Administrative & waste services 0 164 111 275

61 Educational services 7,037 0 44 7,081

62 Health & social services 0 77 526 603

71 Arts- entertainment & recreation 0 17 64 81

72 Accommodation & food services 0 91 288 379

81 Other services 0 75 212 287

92 Government & non NAICs 0 119 30 149 Note: All economic impacts values occur within Kentucky.




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Table 5: Annual Value Added (GDP) Operational Economic Impact Estimate for AIKCU

Member Institutions

NAICS and

Industry Sector Direct Indirect Induced Total

Total $354,113,000 $101,843,000 $161,671,000 $617,627,000

11 Agriculture, Forestry,

Fish & Hunting $ - $ 540,000 $ 415,000 $ 955,000

21 Mining $ - $ 352,000 $ 155,000 $ 507,000

22 Utilities $ - $ 15,573,000 $ 3,907,000 $ 19,480,000

23 Construction $ - $ 1,478,000 $ 1,031,000 $ 2,509,000

31-33 Manufacturing $ - $ 2,852,000 $ 3,764,000 $ 6,616,000

42 Wholesale trade

businesses $ - $ 3,875,000 $ 8,598,000 $ 12,474,000

44-45 Retail trade $ - $ 170,000 $ 20,102,000 $ 20,272,000

48-49 Transportation &

Warehousing $ - $ 2,718,000 $ 2,989,000 $ 5,707,000

51 Information $ - $ 6,391,000 $ 5,246,000 $ 11,636,000

52 Finance & insurance $ - $ 4,072,000 $ 13,240,000 $ 17,312,000

53 Real estate & rental $ - $ 26,241,000 $ 38,188,000 $ 64,428,000

54 Professional- scientific

& tech services $ - $ 10,076,000 $ 5,537,000 $ 15,613,000

55 Management of

companies $ - $ 425,000 $ 827,000 $ 1,252,000

56 Administrative & waste

services $ - $ 6,946,000 $ 3,932,000 $ 10,878,000

61 Educational services $354,113,000 $ 3,000 $ 1,357,000 $355,474,000

62 Health & social services $ - $ 2,181,000 $ 33,106,000 $ 35,287,000

71 Arts- entertainment &

recreation $ - $ 332,000 $ 1,496,000 $ 1,828,000

72 Accommodation & food

services $ - $ 2,892,000 $ 8,973,000 $ 11,865,000

81 Other services $ - $ 3,733,000 $ 6,209,000 $ 9,943,000

92 Government & non

NAICs $ - $ 10,991,000 $ 2,599,000 $ 13,590,000 Note: All economic impacts values occur within Kentucky.



Professional industry sectors such as medical offices, law firms, insurance agencies, accounting

firms, and private higher education institutions are industries that have similar employment

impacts for Kentucky economy. The graph below provides prospective concerning how

AIKCU’s member institutions fit into Kentucky’s economy. The employment multiplier for

AIKCU’s member institutions is comparable to these Kentucky professional (white-collar)

industries.


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Taxes

AIKCU’s member institutions are nonprofit entities operated as educational and research

organizations. Therefore, AIKCU’s member institutions are exempt from direct taxation. This

does not mean that the economic effects of these institutions do not generate tax revenue. The

7,037 direct full and part-time employees of the AIKCU’s member institutions do pay personal

taxes without exemption to federal, state, and local governments. These taxes consist of income,

sales, ad valorem, license, excise, social security, et cetera, taxes. Additionally, the businesses,

the employees, and the commerce generated by AIKCU’s member institutions pay taxes.

AIKCU’s member institutions’ economic effects cause estimated Kentucky state and local tax

revenue (annual) of $27.5 million. AIKCU’s member institutions’ economic effects cause

estimated federal tax revenue (annual) of $81 million. Approximately $51 million of the federal

taxes are social insurance tax (primarily Social Security).

Note: This economic impact estimate does not include taxes paid to school districts (education

taxes) in the tax estimates.

Table 6 (below) provides a breakout estimate of Kentucky state and local taxes paid. Table 7

(below) provides a breakout estimate of federal taxes paid.

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

Legal

services

Accounting

& tax

preparation

AIKCU

Members

Home health

care services

Veterinary

services

Induced 35.4 36.6 31.7 31.4 20.6

Indirect 17.5 13.2 16.6 9.3 8.6

Direct 100 100 100 100 100

Estimated Impact of 100 Direct Kentucky Jobs in Kentucky

Source: The estimates are derived from and based on IMPLAN Group LLC 2012 databases and IMPLAN Version 3.1 software system matrices.


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Table 6: AIKCU Member Institutions

Annual Kentucky State and Local Taxes

Based on economic activities, which occur in Kentucky

State and Local Taxes

(Estimates Exclude Education Taxes)

Total

Tax

Social Ins Tax- Employee Contribution (1) $296,000

Social Ins Tax- Employer Contribution (2) $582,000

Indirect Bus Tax: Sales Tax (3) $7,083,000

Indirect Bus Tax: Property Tax (4) $3,716,000

Indirect Bus Tax: Motor Vehicle Lic (5) $122,000

Indirect Bus Tax: Severance Tax (6) $507,000

Indirect Bus Tax: S/L Non Taxes (7) $365,000

Corporate Profits Tax (8) $598,000

Tax on Production and Imports: Other Taxes (9) $95,000

Personal Tax: Income Tax (10) $11,890,000

Personal Tax: Non Taxes (Fines- Fees) (11) $1,458,000

Personal Tax: Motor Vehicle License (12) $416,000

Personal Tax: Property Taxes (13) $120,000

Personal Tax: Other Tax (Fish/Hunt) (14) $240,000

Total Taxes $27,488,000 Tax estimates are model based.

Estimates are based on 7,037-direct, 1,166- indirect, 2,231-induced Kentucky AIKCU jobs.

Local education taxes are excluded.

Table 7: AIKCU Member Institutions

Estimated Annual Kentucky Federal Taxes

Based on economic activities, which occur in Kentucky

Federal Taxes Total

Tax

Social Ins Tax- Employee Contribution (15) $22,197,000

Social Ins Tax- Employer Contribution (16) $28,045,000

Indirect Bus Tax: Excise Taxes (17) $1,865,000

Indirect Bus Tax: Custom Duty (18) $1,479,000

Indirect Bus Tax: Fed Non Taxes (19) $212,000

Corporate Profits Tax (20) $3,579,000

Personal Tax: Income Tax (21) $24,004,000

Total Federal Tax $81,381,000 Tax estimates are model based.

Estimates are based on 7,037= direct, 1,166 = indirect, 2,231= induced Kentucky AIKCU jobs.

Glossary of Economic Impact Terms

Economic impacts are a mathematical method of specifying the economic relationships among

all businesses/industries and between businesses/industries and consumers. Input-output (I/O)

modeling is the most commonly utilized method to assess the economic outcomes of job creation


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or reduction. Economic impact modeling captures the direct impact of an employment

expenditure (jobs with wages, salaries, and benefits) on the economy. Additionally, the

secondary effect (indirect) on the economy is captured and the consumer based (induced) effects

are calculated by the model.

Economic impact analysis typically utilizes an economic model input-output (I/O) which traces

the flow of goods and services, income, and employment among related sectors of the economy.

The I/O model generates a mathematical depiction of the flow of economic activity. Id est:

Final demand changes on the industrial sector producing the good/service (output) purchases

inputs from other industrial sectors, which in turn purchase inputs from other sectors. These

industrial sectors purchase additional labor inputs. Employees of these industries use their

compensation to purchase goods and services from the economy. Linkages between

industries in a region create an economic ripple effect because of changes in demand for

products. Strong linkages can lead to a healthier economy, as capital flows through the

economy rather than out of it.

Gross Domestic Product-Total Value Added: This indicates the total economic value (impact)

attributable to Kentucky’s workers and industries. Note: Data consistent with Kentucky’s Gross

Domestic Product (GDP).

Labor Income-Employee Compensation (Includes Benefits): Employee compensation

describes the total payroll costs (including benefits). This includes wage and salary payments (by

employers) as well as benefits including overtime compensation, health and life insurance,

retirement payments, and other non-cash compensation.

Source: Wage and salary benefits estimates are derived from data provided by the United States

Bureau of Economic Analysis

SA07N Wage and salary disbursements by industry – Kentucky

http://www.bea.gov/regional/spi/default.cfm?satable=SA07N&series=NAICS

SA06N Compensations by industry – Kentucky


Sector: United States Bureau of Economic Analysis = Educational Services.

Note: Benefits are based on United States Bureau of Economic Analysis Total Compensation

for Wages and Salaries paid during 2012 (Compensation of Employees by Industry –

Kentucky). This component of personal income benefits is inclusive of employer

contributions for employee pension and insurance funds (consists of employer payments to

private and government employee retirement plans, private group health and life insurance

plans, privately administered workers' compensation plans, and supplemental unemployment

benefit plans) and of employer contributions for government social insurance.

Tax Data Sources

Estimated tax impact report values are based on the existing relationships of the data

found in and allocated by the IMPLAN database/matrix. The general sources for that data

are described below:



http://www.bea.doc.gov/bea/regional/definitions/nextpage.cfm?key=Employer%20contributions%20for%20employee%20pension%20and%20insurance%20funds

http://www.bea.doc.gov/bea/regional/definitions/nextpage.cfm?key=Employer%20contributions%20for%20employee%20pension%20and%20insurance%20funds

http://www.bea.doc.gov/bea/regional/definitions/nextpage.cfm?key=Employer%20contributions%20for%20government%20social%20insurance


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National Income and Product Accounts (NIPA): As with all items in the IMPLAN data sets,

all data is ultimately controlled, at the US level, by the BEA’s (Bureau of Economic Analysis)

NIPA (National Income and Product Accounts) values. For 2012, IMPLAN data, the national

values were controlled with the NIPA accounts utilizing the Survey of Current Business –

Personal Tax and Non Tax Receipts, Indirect Business Tax and Non Tax Accruals, and

Contributions for Social Insurance. Federal Government Receipts and Current Expenditures, and

State and Local Government Receipts and Current Expenditures contain controls for all the

IMPLAN data elements found in the tax impact report.

Consumer Expenditure Survey (CES): The United States Bureau of the Census annually

conducts surveys and diary samplings of household expenditure patterns. It is from these surveys

that the BEA benchmarks the personal consumption expenditure portion of NIPA. The survey

data is reported for nine different categories of household income establishing the tax to income

level relationships for the nine different household categories. The tax matrix are based on the

relationships, which can be distributed to many of the state and federal tax values to a county and

state level by utilizing the number of local households in each of the nine household categories.

Annual Survey of State and Local Government Finances (SLGF): The Bureau of the Census

also collects annual state and local government receipts and expenditures data. This data acts as

initial controls for state level values (subject to controlling to the NIPA values).

Regional Economic Information System (REIS): The BEA collects and reports income,

wealth, tax, and employment data on a regional (state and county) basis. Much of the data used

to distribute the United States NIPA values to states and counties come from REIS tables:

Personal Income by Major Source and Earnings by Industry, and Personal Tax and Non Tax

Payments.

State and Local Tax Definitions and Sources

1. Social Insurance Tax- Employee Contribution -- The employee paid portion for state

social insurance – this represents retirement plans and temporary disability insurance.

Source: US NIPA value (“Personal contributions: State and local social insurance funds are

distributed to states and based on each state’s share of employee paid state social insurance

specified in the SLGF. The SLGF categories comprising employee paid state social insurance

are inclusive of Employee Retirement – Local Employee Contribution, Employee Retirement

– State Employee Contribution, and Worker’s Compensation – Other Contributions. County

distribution is based on county portion of state and local government non-education

employee compensation from IMPLAN.

2. Social Insurance Tax- Employer Contribution-- The employer paid portion for state social

insurance – this represents retirement plans, worker’s comp and temporary disability

insurance. Source: US NIPA value (Employer contributions: State and local social insurance

funds are distributed to states and based on each state’s share of employer paid state social

insurance specified in the SLGF. The SLGF categories comprising employer paid state social

insurance are inclusive of Employee Retirement – From Local Government, Employee

Retirement from State Government, Unemployment Compensation – Contribution, and

Worker’s Compensation – Own Contributions. County distribution is based on county

portion of state and local government non-education employee compensation from IMPLAN.


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3. Sales taxes paid to state and local government.

Source: US NIPA value (“Indirect business tax and non-tax accruals: Property taxes”) is

distributed to states based on each state’s proportion of “Tax – Total General Sales” from the

SLGF. State values are distributed to counties based on total “Personal Income” from the

BEA REIS (Personal Income) table.

4. Property taxes paid to state and local governments.

Source: US NIPA value (“Indirect business tax and non-tax accruals: Property Taxes” table)

is distributed to states based on each state’s proportion of “Tax – Property” from the SLGF.

State values are distributed to counties based on total “Personal Income” from the BEA REIS

(Personal Income) table.

5. Motor vehicle license taxes paid to state and local governments.

Source: US NIPA value (“State and Local: Motor Vehicle Licenses” table) is distributed to

states based on each state’s proportion of “Tax – Motor Vehicle Operator’s License” plus

“Tax – Motor Vehicle License” from the SLGF. State values are distributed to counties based

on total “Personal Income” from the BEA REIS (Personal Income) table.

6. Severance taxes paid to state and local governments.

Source: US NIPA value (“State and Local: Severance taxes”) is distributed to states based on

each state’s proportion of “Tax - Severance” plus “Tax – Motor Vehicle License” from the

SLGF. State values are distributed to counties based on total “Personal Income” from the


7. Non-taxes paid to state and local governments include rents and royalties, special

assessments, fines, settlements, and donations.

Source: US NIPA value (“State and Local: Non taxes” table) is distributed to states based on

each state’s proportion “Miscellaneous – Rents”; “Miscellaneous – Special Assessments”;

“Miscellaneous – Royalties”; and “Miscellaneous – Donations From Private Sources” from

the SLGF. State values are distributed to counties based on total “Personal Income” from the


8. State & local government corporate profits tax. Source: US NIPA value (“Corporate

profits tax accruals” table) is distributed to states based on “Tax – Corporate Net Income”

from the SLGF. The state distribution to counties is based on their proportion of state Other

Property Income (from IMPLAN database).

9. Taxes on production and imports Source: US NIPA value (“State and Local: Other taxes”

table) is distributed to states based on each state’s proportion of: “Tax – Corporation

License”; “Tax – Amusement License”; “Tax – Other License”; “Tax – Documentary &

Stock Transfer”; “ Tax – Public Utility License”; “ Tax – Alcoholic Beverage License”; “Tax

– Occupation & Business License, NEC”; and “Tax – NEC” from the SLGF. State values are

distributed to counties based on total “Personal Income” from the BEA REIS (Personal

Income) table.

a. Other taxes paid to state and local governments include business licenses,

documentary, and stamp taxes.

10. Household personal income tax payments to state and local governments.

Source: US NIPA value (“State and local: Income taxes” table) is distributed to states based

on “Tax – Individual Income” from the SLGF. State values are distributed to counties based

on total “Personal Income” from the BEA REIS (Personal Income) table.

a. State & local government dividends represent dividend payments to government by

corporations from investments.


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Source: US NIPA value (“Dividends received by government” table) is distributed to

states based upon: “Employee Retirement – Securities – Mortgages”; “Employee

Retirement – Securities – Corporate Stocks”; “Employee Retirement – Securities –

Corporate Bonds”); and “Employee Retirement – Total Other Securities” from the SLGF.

The state distribution to counties is based on their proportion of state Other Property

Income (from IMPLAN database).

Note: The dividend payment to government has been merged with State & Local

Government Corporate Profits Tax due to Kentucky tax reform legislation.

State values are distributed to counties based on total “Personal Income” from the BEA

REIS (Personal Income) table.

11. Household personal non-tax payments to state and local governments include payments for

fines and donations. State values are distributed to counties based on total “Personal Income”

from the BEA REIS (Personal Income) table.

12. Household personal motor vehicle fee payments to state and local governments.

Source: US NIPA value (“State and local: Motor Vehicle Licenses” table) is distributed to

states based on “Miscellaneous – Fines & Forfeits” from the SLGF. State values are

distributed to counties based on total “Personal Income” from the BEA REIS (Personal

Income) table.

13. Household personal property tax payments to state and local governments.

Source: US NIPA value (“State and local: Property taxes” table) is distributed to states based

on “Tax – Property” from the SLGF. State values are distributed to counties based on total

“Personal Income” from the BEA REIS (Personal Income) table.

14. Household personal--other tax payments to state and local governments--includes hunting,

fishing, and other personal licenses.

Source: US NIPA value (“State and local: Other taxes” table) is distributed to states based on

“Tax – Hunting and Fishing License” from the SLGF. State values are distributed to counties

based on total “Personal Income” from the BEA REIS (Personal Income) table.

Federal Tax Definitions and Sources

15. Social Insurance Tax- Employee Contribution -- The employee paid portion for federal

social insurance – this includes social security, unemployment insurance, medical and

retirement plans. Source: US NIPA value (“Personal contributions: Federal social insurance

funds” minus “Old-age, survivors, disability and hospital insurance: Self-employed is

distributed to states and counties based on the “Personal Contribution for Social Insurance”

from BEA REIS (Personal Income) table.

16. Social Insurance Tax- Employer Contribution -- The employer paid portion for federal

social insurance – this includes social security, medical and retirement plans. Source: US

NIPA value employer contributions: Federal social insurance funds are distributed to states

and counties based on the “Personal Contribution for Social Insurance” from BEA REIS

(Personal Income) table. The employer paid portion is assumed to be a constant proportion of

the personal paid proportion. This assumption will be affected by a greater or lesser than

average proprietor income.

Includes federally levied excise taxes on alcohol, tobacco, telephones, coal, fuels, air

transportation, vehicles, et cetera.

Source: US NIPA value (“Federal: Excise taxes” table) is distributed to states and counties

based on IMPLAN estimates of total IBT for all industries in relationship to US total IBT.


14

17. Excise tax - an inland tax on the sale and/or production for sale of goods or a tax on a good

produced. Excises taxes are distinguished from customs duties, which are taxes on

importation. Considered an indirect tax, excise taxes are typically a per unit tax, which cost a

defined amount per unit of the item purchased. Examples of excise taxes are those on

gasoline, tobacco, and alcohol.

18. Custom duties are gross collections - net refunds.

Source: US NIPA value (“Federal: Customs duties” table) is distributed to states and counties

based on IMPLAN estimates of total IBT for all industries in relationship to US total IBT.

19. Total Indirect Business Tax (IBT) federal non-tax payments include petroleum royalties,

fines, regulatory fees, forfeitures, and donated funds.

Source: US NIPA value (“Federal: Non taxes” table) is distributed to states and counties.

20. Federal corporate profits tax.

Source: US NIPA value (“Corporate profits tax accruals” table) is distributed to states and

counties based on their proportion of US Other Property Income (from IMPLAN database).

Counties based on IMPLAN estimates of total IBT for all industries in relationship to US

total IBT.

21. Income taxes are taxes paid to the federal government through withholding, declarations,

and final settlement less refunds. Source: State “Federal government: Individual income

taxes (net of refunds)” from REIS tax tables are controlled by the US NIPA value (“Federal:

Income Taxes”). State values are distributed to counties based on total “Personal Income”

from the BEA REIS Personal Income table.

How multipliers work -- The analysis in this report relies heavily on the use of the IMPLAN

modeling system and multipliers. The multiplier processes are based on the principle that new

expenditures will have a greater economic impact on the state than the initial dollars spent.

Exempli gratia, a student spends a dollar for tuition: the university receives a dollar of revenue.

Next to occur, the local university will spend some of that dollar of revenue on Kentucky

produced goods and services. The second round of spending is not as large as the first because

some of the initial dollars received by the university (employees) will be spent on goods and

services produced outside the state. Economists refer to the reduction in spending in the second

round as a leakage. Nevertheless, the impact of the initial dollar of spending will be some

multiple of the amount of the initial spending. The third round of spending will occur when

consumers receive wages and salaries from the first two (2) rounds of economic activity.


15

Methodology/Sources (partial)

The economic impacts estimates and conclusions resulting from this study have been derived

from Minnesota IMPLAN Group, Inc. databases. This aggregate database is primarily composed

of government data sources including information from

US Bureau of Economic Analysis Benchmark I/O Accounts of the US;

US Bureau of Economic Analysis Output Estimates;

US Bureau of Economic Analysis REIS Program;

US Bureau of Labor Statistics ES 202 Program;

US Bureau of Labor Statistics Consumer Expenditure Survey;

US Bureau of County Business Patterns;

US Census Bureau Decennial Census and Population Surveys;

US Census Bureau Economic Census and Surveys;

US Department of Agriculture; and

US Geological Survey.

Model Source: The estimates are derived from and based on IMPLAN Group LLC 2012

databases and IMPLAN Version 3.1 software system matrices.

Prepared by Phil Flynn

Economist

Versailles, Kentucky

The information provided herein is believed to be accurate and has been prepared for the

Association of Independent Kentucky Colleges and Universities (AIKCU). Users of the

information other than AIKCU and/or those authorized by AIKCU should perform their own due

diligence in drawing conclusions from the information provided.

This economic impact report is not a product of any government agency.


16

Detailed Economic Impact Appendix


17

Table 8: Detailed Employment Annual Operational Economic Impact Estimate

Description Direct Indirect Induced Total

Total 7,037.0 1,166.0 2,230.5 10,433.5

Private junior colleges, colleges, universities,

and professional schools 7,037.0 0.1 31.4 7,068.5

Food services and drinking places 0.0 87.8 286.2 374.0

Real estate establishments 0.0 250.0 97.7 347.7

Private hospitals 0.0 0.0 143.9 143.9

Offices of physicians, dentists, and other health

practitioners 0.0 0.0 129.8 129.8

Other private educational services 0.0 76.8 23.3 100.1

Other state and local government enterprises 0.0 83.0 15.9 98.9

Services to buildings and dwellings 0.0 66.9 28.1 94.9

Retail Stores - General merchandise 0.0 0.7 88.2 88.9

Nursing and residential care facilities 0.0 0.0 87.4 87.4

Wholesale trade businesses 0.0 27.1 60.1 87.2

Employment services 0.0 32.7 53.1 85.8

Retail Stores - Food and beverage 0.0 0.6 72.5 73.0

Civic, social, professional, and similar

organizations 0.0 16.7 43.6 60.2

Private household operations 0.0 0.0 58.3 58.3

Retail Stores - Motor vehicle and parts 0.0 0.6 56.5 57.1

Monetary authorities and depository credit

intermediation activities 0.0 13.7 35.3 49.0

Retail Stores - Miscellaneous 0.0 0.4 46.9 47.2

Maintenance and repair construction of

nonresidential structures 0.0 25.4 12.5 38.0

US Postal Service 0.0 29.3 8.4 37.7

Medical and diagnostic labs and outpatient and

other ambulatory care services 0.0 0.0 37.5 37.6

Securities, commodity contracts, investments,

and related activities 0.0 11.3 26.2 37.4

Individual and family services 0.0 0.0 36.1 36.1

Automotive repair and maintenance, except car

washes 0.0 9.9 23.1 33.1

Legal services 0.0 11.4 20.6 32.0

Retail Stores - Clothing and clothing accessories 0.0 0.2 31.7 31.9

Retail Stores - Health and personal care 0.0 0.2 30.5 30.8

Business support services 0.0 21.8 8.9 30.7

Child day care services 0.0 0.0 30.5 30.5

Retail Nonstories - Direct and electronic sales 0.0 0.1 29.6 29.7

Retail Stores - Gasoline stations 0.0 0.2 29.1 29.3

Dry-cleaning and laundry services 0.0 19.3 9.3 28.7


18

Continued -- Table 8: Detailed Employment Annual Operational Economic Impact Estimate


Telecommunications 0.0 13.7 12.1 25.9

Transport by truck 0.0 8.2 17.7 25.8

Electric power generation, transmission, and

distribution 0.0 20.0 5.7 25.7

Personal care services 0.0 0.0 25.5 25.5

Accounting, tax preparation, bookkeeping, and

payroll services 0.0 12.7 12.7 25.3

Retail Stores - Building material and garden

supply 0.0 0.4 24.8 25.2

Grant making, giving, and social advocacy

organizations 0.0 0.0 23.7 23.8

Commercial and industrial machinery and

equipment repair and maintenance 0.0 19.4 3.7 23.2

Non depository credit intermediation and related

activities 0.0 4.5 18.4 23.0

Home health care services 0.0 0.0 22.8 22.8

Spectator sports companies 0.0 7.8 14.0 21.8

Internet publishing and broadcasting 0.0 20.4 0.5 21.0

Other computer related services, including

facilities management 0.0 18.8 1.8 20.6

Other support services 0.0 17.0 2.7 19.6

Waste management and remediation services 0.0 14.0 4.7 18.7

Insurance agencies, brokerages, and related

activities 0.0 3.0 15.3 18.3

Insurance carriers 0.0 1.8 16.4 18.2

Fitness and recreational sports centers 0.0 3.6 13.8 17.4

Retail Stores - Sporting goods, hobby, book and

music 0.0 0.1 16.8 16.9

Couriers and messengers 0.0 11.2 5.4 16.7

Animal production, except cattle and poultry and

eggs 0.0 8.9 6.6 15.5

Community food, housing, and other relief

services, including rehabilitation services 0.0 0.0 14.6 14.6

Investigation and security services 0.0 7.0 7.5 14.5

Advertising and related services 0.0 8.4 6.1 14.4

Architectural, engineering, and related services 0.0 10.9 2.8 13.8

Management, scientific, and technical consulting

services 0.0 4.5 8.6 13.1

Amusement parks, arcades, and gambling

industries 0.0 0.0 12.8 12.8

Private elementary and secondary schools 0.0 0.0 12.4 12.4

Computer systems design services 0.0 10.2 2.2 12.4


19



Other amusement and recreation industries 0.0 1.9 9.7 11.7

All other miscellaneous professional, scientific,

and technical services 0.0 9.0 2.5 11.5

Retail Stores - Electronics and appliances 0.0 0.1 11.4 11.5

Retail Stores - Furniture and home furnishings 0.0 0.1 11.2 11.3

Warehousing and storage 0.0 2.6 8.5 11.0

General and consumer goods rental except video

tapes and discs 0.0 4.4 6.0 10.4

Water, sewage and other treatment and delivery

systems 0.0 9.0 0.9 9.9

Scientific research and development services 0.0 9.2 0.6 9.7

Management of companies and enterprises 0.0 3.3 6.4 9.7

Data processing, hosting, ISP, web search portals

and related services 0.0 3.0 6.4 9.4

Printing 0.0 6.3 2.9 9.2

Newspaper publishers 0.0 3.9 5.1 9.0

Transit and ground passenger transportation 0.0 3.3 5.8 9.0

Promoters of performing arts and sports and

agents for public figures 0.0 2.6 6.2 8.9

Veterinary services 0.0 0.0 8.5 8.5

Other personal services 0.0 0.1 7.1 7.3

Extraction of oil and natural gas 0.0 4.6 2.6 7.2

Radio and television broadcasting 0.0 4.0 3.2 7.2

Cattle ranching and farming 0.0 5.9 1.3 7.1

Death care services 0.0 0.0 6.9 6.9

Animal (except poultry) slaughtering, rendering,

and processing 0.0 5.6 1.1 6.8

Electronic and precision equipment repair and

maintenance 0.0 4.2 2.5 6.7

Funds, trusts, and other financial vehicles 0.0 0.1 6.6 6.7

Personal and household goods repair and

maintenance 0.0 4.9 1.4 6.3

Office administrative services 0.0 2.3 3.9 6.2

Maintenance and repair construction of

residential structures 0.0 0.9 5.2 6.1

Natural gas distribution 0.0 5.0 0.6 5.6

Car washes 0.0 0.4 4.7 5.1

Grain farming 0.0 2.3 2.7 5.0

Performing arts companies 0.0 0.7 4.0 4.7

Hotels and motels, including casino hotels 0.0 2.7 1.3 4.0

Transport by air 0.0 1.7 2.0 3.7

Motion picture and video industries 0.0 0.9 2.7 3.6


20



Bread and bakery product manufacturing 0.0 2.7 0.8 3.6

Federal electric utilities 0.0 2.7 0.8 3.5

Automotive equipment rental and leasing 0.0 0.8 2.6 3.4

Travel arrangement and reservation services 0.0 2.0 1.3 3.4

Dairy cattle and milk production 0.0 2.4 1.0 3.3

Poultry processing 0.0 0.2 3.0 3.3

State and local government electric utilities 0.0 2.4 0.8 3.2

Custom computer programming services 0.0 2.7 0.4 3.2

Other Federal Government enterprises 0.0 0.8 2.1 2.9

Environmental and other technical consulting

services 0.0 1.1 1.7 2.8

Fluid milk and butter manufacturing 0.0 2.0 0.7 2.7

Scenic and sightseeing transportation and

support activities for transportation 0.0 1.0 1.7 2.7

Periodical publishers 0.0 2.0 0.7 2.7

State and local government passenger transit 0.0 1.0 1.7 2.6

Museums, historical sites, zoos, and parks 0.0 0.0 2.5 2.5

Specialized design services 0.0 1.9 0.6 2.5

Support activities for agriculture and forestry 0.0 0.8 1.1 1.9

Religious organizations 0.0 0.0 1.9 1.9

Soft drink and ice manufacturing 0.0 0.1 1.8 1.9

Frozen food manufacturing 0.0 0.8 1.1 1.9

Transport by rail 0.0 1.1 0.8 1.8

Cookie, cracker, and pasta manufacturing 0.0 1.1 0.5 1.6

Commercial and industrial machinery and

equipment rental and leasing 0.0 0.9 0.6 1.5

Mining coal 0.0 1.1 0.3 1.5

Photographic services 0.0 0.3 1.1 1.4

All other crop farming 0.0 0.8 0.4 1.2

Directory, mailing list, and other publishers 0.0 0.8 0.3 1.2

Transport by pipeline 0.0 0.8 0.3 1.1

Tobacco farming 0.0 0.1 1.0 1.1

Video tape and disc rental 0.0 0.0 1.0 1.0

Other plastics product manufacturing 0.0 0.7 0.3 1.0

Facilities support services 0.0 0.4 0.5 0.9

Book publishers 0.0 0.4 0.5 0.9

Independent artists, writers, and performers 0.0 0.4 0.5 0.9

Motor vehicle parts manufacturing 0.0 0.4 0.5 0.9

Oilseed farming 0.0 0.3 0.5 0.8

All other miscellaneous manufacturing 0.0 0.1 0.7 0.8

Other accommodations 0.0 0.0 0.6 0.7

Paperboard container manufacturing 0.0 0.3 0.4 0.7


21



Dry, condensed, and evaporated dairy product

manufacturing 0.0 0.5 0.2 0.7

Sawmills and wood preservation 0.0 0.3 0.3 0.6

Fruit and vegetable canning, pickling, and drying 0.0 0.4 0.2 0.6

Tobacco product manufacturing 0.0 0.0 0.6 0.6

Seasoning and dressing manufacturing 0.0 0.5 0.1 0.6

Wood windows and doors and millwork


Ready-mix concrete manufacturing 0.0 0.3 0.2 0.6

Wood container and pallet manufacturing 0.0 0.1 0.4 0.5

Greenhouse, nursery, and floriculture production 0.0 0.0 0.5 0.5

Sign manufacturing 0.0 0.3 0.2 0.5

All other food manufacturing 0.0 0.2 0.3 0.5

Commercial hunting and trapping 0.0 0.0 0.5 0.5

Poultry and egg production 0.0 0.1 0.3 0.5

Petroleum refineries 0.0 0.1 0.3 0.5

Automobile manufacturing 0.0 0.0 0.4 0.4

Lessors of nonfinancial intangible assets 0.0 0.4 0.1 0.4

Software publishers 0.0 0.3 0.2 0.4

Men’s and boy’s cut and sew apparel


Cut and sew apparel contractors 0.0 0.1 0.3 0.4

Mining and quarrying stone 0.0 0.2 0.1 0.4

Vegetable and melon farming 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.4

Heating equipment (except warm air furnaces)


Bowling centers 0.0 0.0 0.4 0.4

Other concrete product manufacturing 0.0 0.2 0.1 0.3

Coated and laminated paper, packaging paper

and plastics film manufacturing 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3

Soap and cleaning compound manufacturing 0.0 0.2 0.1 0.3

Cable and other subscription programming 0.0 0.2 0.2 0.3

Cheese manufacturing 0.0 0.2 0.1 0.3

Ornamental and architectural metal products


Cut stone and stone product manufacturing 0.0 0.0 0.3 0.3

Other animal food manufacturing 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3

Polystyrene foam product manufacturing 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3

Other information services 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.3

Sound recording industries 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.2

Concrete pipe, brick, and block manufacturing 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.2

Snack food manufacturing 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.2


22



Paint and coating manufacturing 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.2

Ice cream and frozen dessert manufacturing 0.0 0.2 0.1 0.2

Transport by water 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.2

Wineries 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.2

Wood kitchen cabinet and countertop


Non-chocolate confectionery manufacturing 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.2

All other miscellaneous wood product


Commercial logging 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.2

Sanitary paper product manufacturing 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.2

Non-upholstered wood household furniture


Other major household appliance manufacturing 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.2

All other paper bag and coated and treated paper


Apparel knitting mills 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.2

Support activities for oil and gas operations 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.2

Air conditioning, refrigeration, and warm air

heating equipment manufacturing 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.2

Dental laboratories manufacturing 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.2

Coffee and tea manufacturing 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.2

Paper mills 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.2

Distilleries 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.2

Plastics packaging materials and unlamented

film and sheet manufacturing 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1

Surgical appliance and supplies manufacturing 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1

Stationery product manufacturing 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.1

Engineered wood member and truss


Curtain and linen mills 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1

Support activities for printing 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.1

Electric lamp bulb and part manufacturing 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1

Apparel accessories and other apparel


Electronic computer manufacturing 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1

Veneer and plywood manufacturing 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.1

Material handling equipment manufacturing 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.1

Urethane and other foam product (except

polystyrene) manufacturing 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.1

Plate work and fabricated structural product



23



Pharmaceutical preparation manufacturing 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1

Industrial gas manufacturing 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1

Fats and oils refining and blending 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.1

Other pressed and blown glass and glassware


Glass product manufacturing made of purchased

glass 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1

Textile bag and canvas mills 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1

Electron tube manufacturing 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.1

Sporting and athletic goods manufacturing 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1

Tire manufacturing 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1

Other fabricated metal manufacturing 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1

Dog and cat food manufacturing 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1

Plastics bottle manufacturing 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1

Lime and gypsum product manufacturing 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1

In-vitro diagnostic substance manufacturing 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1

Brick, tile, and other structural clay product


Audio and video equipment manufacturing 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1

Seafood product preparation and packaging 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.1

Spring and wire product manufacturing 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1

All other converted paper product manufacturing 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1

Coating, engraving, heat treating and allied

activities 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1

Breweries 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1

Aluminum product manufacturing from

purchased aluminum 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1

Storage battery manufacturing 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1

Household refrigerator and home freezer


Computer terminals and other computer

peripheral equipment manufacturing 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1

Other cut and sew apparel manufacturing 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.1

Printing ink manufacturing 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.1

All other petroleum and coal products


Mining and quarrying sand, gravel, clay, and

ceramic and refractory minerals 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1

Other basic organic chemical manufacturing 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1

Plastics material and resin manufacturing 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1

Other rubber product manufacturing 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1


24



All other chemical product and preparation


Mattress manufacturing 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1

Confectionery manufacturing from purchased

chocolate 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1

Machine shops 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1

Wiring device manufacturing 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1

Boat building 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1

Flavoring syrup and concentrate manufacturing 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1

All other basic inorganic chemical


Fruit farming 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1


25

Table 9: Detailed Gross Domestic Product Annual Operational Economic Impact Estimate


Total $354,113,403 $101,843,026 $161,670,653 $617,627,082

Private junior colleges,

colleges, universities, and

professional schools

$354,113,403 $ 3,495 $ 970,162 $355,087,060

Real estate establishments $ - $25,435,641 $ 9,939,481 $35,375,122

Imputed rental activity for

owner-occupied dwellings $ - $ - $27,564,801 $27,564,801

Electric power generation,

transmission, and distribution $ - $12,466,779 $ 3,567,222 $16,034,001

Wholesale trade businesses $ - $ 3,875,012 $ 8,598,490 $12,473,502

Food services and drinking

places $ - $ 2,720,100 $ 8,866,847 $11,586,946

Offices of physicians, dentists,

and other health practitioners $ - $ 35 $11,032,693 $11,032,728

Private hospitals $ - $ 47 $10,595,881 $10,595,928

Monetary authorities and

depository credit

intermediation activities

$ - $ 2,864,321 $ 7,386,900 $10,251,221

Other state and local

government enterprises $ - $ 7,591,099 $ 1,453,851 $ 9,044,950

Telecommunications $ - $ 4,214,386 $ 3,727,211 $ 7,941,597

Nursing and residential care

facilities $ - $ - $ 4,092,952 $ 4,092,952

Retail Stores - General

merchandise $ - $ 31,310 $ 3,984,480 $ 4,015,790

Other computer related

services, including facilities

management

$ - $ 3,572,807 $ 339,684 $ 3,912,491

Medical and diagnostic labs

and outpatient and other

ambulatory care services

$ - $ 1,369 $ 3,371,202 $ 3,372,570

Retail Stores - Motor vehicle

and parts $ - $ 33,077 $ 3,227,204 $ 3,260,282

Legal services $ - $ 1,067,425 $ 1,929,158 $ 2,996,582

Services to buildings and

dwellings $ - $ 2,086,821 $ 876,281 $ 2,963,102

Retail Stores - Food and

beverage $ - $ 23,503 $ 2,875,548 $ 2,899,052

Other private educational

services $ - $ 2,179,347 $ 661,816 $ 2,841,164

Insurance carriers $ - $ 274,261 $ 2,428,066 $ 2,702,327

US Postal Service $ - $ 2,075,770 $ 595,904 $ 2,671,674


26

Continued -- Table 9: Detailed Gross Domestic Product Annual Operational Economic Impact Estimate


Employment services $ - $ 910,724 $ 1,481,113 $ 2,391,837

Accounting, tax preparation,

bookkeeping, and payroll

services

$ - $ 1,087,095 $ 1,089,245 $ 2,176,340

Maintenance and repair

construction of nonresidential

structures

$ - $ 1,422,854 $ 701,481 $ 2,124,334

Couriers and messengers $ - $ 1,412,059 $ 678,823 $ 2,090,883

Waste management and

remediation services $ - $ 1,493,142 $ 505,109 $ 1,998,251

Natural gas distribution $ - $ 1,667,459 $ 191,754 $ 1,859,213

Civic, social, professional, and

similar organizations $ - $ 488,953 $ 1,278,719 $ 1,767,672

Retail Stores - Health and

personal care $ - $ 13,261 $ 1,631,680 $ 1,644,941

Transport by truck $ - $ 515,952 $ 1,114,680 $ 1,630,632

Commercial and industrial

machinery and equipment

repair and maintenance

$ - $ 1,335,783 $ 256,051 $ 1,591,834

Water, sewage and other

treatment and delivery systems $ - $ 1,438,855 $ 147,683 $ 1,586,538

Retail Stores - Miscellaneous $ - $ 12,006 $ 1,546,019 $ 1,558,024

Securities, commodity

contracts, investments, and

related activities

$ - $ 434,560 $ 1,009,971 $ 1,444,531

Retail Stores - Building

material and garden supply $ - $ 20,250 $ 1,382,937 $ 1,403,187

Non depository credit

intermediation and related

activities

$ - $ 274,437 $ 1,123,685 $ 1,398,122

Other support services $ - $ 1,197,168 $ 187,498 $ 1,384,666

Insurance agencies,

brokerages, and related

activities

$ - $ 222,269 $ 1,117,572 $ 1,339,841

Automotive repair and

maintenance, except car

washes

$ - $ 393,003 $ 917,045 $ 1,310,048

Retail Nonstories - Direct and

electronic sales $ - $ 4,757 $ 1,288,749 $ 1,293,505

All other miscellaneous

professional, scientific, and

technical services

$ - $ 1,014,231 $ 275,574 $ 1,289,805

Home health care services $ - $ - $ 1,263,947 $ 1,263,947


27



Management of companies and

enterprises $ - $ 424,573 $ 827,026 $ 1,251,599

Retail Stores - Gasoline

stations $ - $ 8,819 $ 1,238,287 $ 1,247,106

Dry-cleaning and laundry

services $ - $ 820,382 $ 396,627 $ 1,217,009

Advertising and related

services $ - $ 674,232 $ 488,817 $ 1,163,049

Federal electric utilities $ - $ 849,310 $ 262,747 $ 1,112,058

Data processing, hosting, ISP,

web search portals and related

services

$ - $ 355,986 $ 751,925 $ 1,107,911

Retail Stores - Clothing and

clothing accessories $ - $ 8,062 $ 1,086,525 $ 1,094,587

Business support services $ - $ 728,682 $ 299,404 $ 1,028,086

Internet publishing and

broadcasting $ - $ 985,453 $ 26,528 $ 1,011,981

Individual and family services $ - $ - $ 975,015 $ 975,015

Personal care services $ - $ 0 $ 929,925 $ 929,925

Architectural, engineering, and

related services $ - $ 713,133 $ 185,808 $ 898,941

Scientific research and

development services $ - $ 834,832 $ 51,293 $ 886,125

Management, scientific, and

technical consulting services $ - $ 284,482 $ 548,394 $ 832,877

Petroleum refineries $ - $ 212,785 $ 600,865 $ 813,650

Grant making, giving, and

social advocacy organizations $ - $ 169 $ 798,300 $ 798,468

Retail Stores - Electronics and

appliances $ - $ 6,071 $ 782,378 $ 788,449

Child day care services $ - $ - $ 706,806 $ 706,806

Warehousing and storage $ - $ 152,468 $ 502,582 $ 655,050

Printing $ - $ 436,370 $ 199,974 $ 636,344

Retail Stores - Sporting goods,

hobby, book and music $ - $ 4,321 $ 585,676 $ 589,997

State and local government

electric utilities $ - $ 442,966 $ 137,039 $ 580,005

Fluid milk and butter

manufacturing $ - $ 385,650 $ 145,205 $ 530,856

Electronic and precision

equipment repair and

maintenance

$ - $ 335,210 $ 195,346 $ 530,556


28



Lessors of nonfinancial

intangible assets $ - $ 430,623 $ 69,702 $ 500,325

Computer systems design

services $ - $ 393,486 $ 84,622 $ 478,109

Retail Stores - Furniture and

home furnishings $ - $ 5,025 $ 472,376 $ 477,400

Newspaper publishers $ - $ 199,896 $ 260,167 $ 460,063

Personal and household goods

repair and maintenance $ - $ 344,698 $ 99,797 $ 444,495

General and consumer goods

rental except video tapes and

discs

$ - $ 185,577 $ 252,399 $ 437,976

Community food, housing, and

other relief services, including

rehabilitation services

$ - $ 0 $ 405,921 $ 405,921

Radio and television

broadcasting $ - $ 221,044 $ 177,088 $ 398,131

Other Federal Government

enterprises $ - $ 109,468 $ 285,969 $ 395,437

Spectator sports companies $ - $ 141,423 $ 253,592 $ 395,015

Private elementary and

secondary schools $ - $ - $ 387,045 $ 387,045

Maintenance and repair

construction of residential

structures

$ - $ 55,562 $ 329,381 $ 384,944

Transport by air $ - $ 174,606 $ 207,004 $ 381,610

Tobacco product

manufacturing $ - $ 0 $ 381,370 $ 381,370

Office administrative services $ - $ 143,190 $ 236,950 $ 380,140

Distilleries $ - $ 30,630 $ 346,100 $ 376,730

Death care services $ - $ - $ 368,464 $ 368,464

Investigation and security

services $ - $ 172,301 $ 183,668 $ 355,968

Transit and ground passenger

transportation $ - $ 124,019 $ 218,650 $ 342,669

Other amusement and

recreation industries $ - $ 56,087 $ 281,274 $ 337,361

Other personal services $ - $ 6,464 $ 327,360 $ 333,824

Private household operations $ - $ - $ 330,346 $ 330,346

Amusement parks, arcades,

and gambling industries $ - $ 252 $ 325,772 $ 326,024

Automotive equipment rental

and leasing $ - $ 79,141 $ 245,303 $ 324,444


29



Veterinary services $ - $ 1,448 $ 306,164 $ 307,612

Animal (except poultry)

slaughtering, rendering, and

processing

$ - $ 247,812 $ 50,278 $ 298,090

Animal production, except

cattle and poultry and eggs $ - $ 168,018 $ 125,533 $ 293,550

Fitness and recreational sports

centers $ - $ 59,383 $ 228,769 $ 288,152

Travel arrangement and

reservation services $ - $ 163,957 $ 106,168 $ 270,125

Transport by rail $ - $ 154,955 $ 109,860 $ 264,815

Bread and bakery product

manufacturing $ - $ 202,288 $ 62,233 $ 264,521

Hotels and motels, including

casino hotels $ - $ 170,191 $ 81,620 $ 251,810

Mining coal $ - $ 180,094 $ 53,776 $ 233,869

Periodical publishers $ - $ 168,828 $ 60,608 $ 229,435

Custom computer

programming services $ - $ 194,765 $ 30,462 $ 225,226

Religious organizations $ - $ - $ 217,782 $ 217,782

Poultry processing $ - $ 14,794 $ 196,669 $ 211,463

Specialized design services $ - $ 159,307 $ 46,394 $ 205,701

Museums, historical sites,

zoos, and parks $ - $ - $ 197,923 $ 197,923

Transport by pipeline $ - $ 140,049 $ 51,903 $ 191,952

Cookie, cracker, and pasta

manufacturing $ - $ 128,212 $ 63,275 $ 191,487

Dairy cattle and milk

production $ - $ 134,481 $ 55,309 $ 189,790

Commercial and industrial

machinery and equipment

rental and leasing

$ - $ 109,722 $ 79,137 $ 188,858

Soft drink and ice

manufacturing $ - $ 12,771 $ 172,388 $ 185,159

Funds, trusts, and other

financial vehicles $ - $ 2,211 $ 173,926 $ 176,136

Promoters of performing arts

and sports and agents for

public figures

$ - $ 50,084 $ 118,675 $ 168,760

Extraction of oil and natural

gas $ - $ 105,493 $ 60,134 $ 165,628

Environmental and other

technical consulting services $ - $ 64,413 $ 98,816 $ 163,229


30



Frozen food manufacturing $ - $ 60,088 $ 79,560 $ 139,648

Directory, mailing list, and

other publishers $ - $ 95,550 $ 36,884 $ 132,434

Cattle ranching and farming $ - $ 109,007 $ 23,172 $ 132,179

All other petroleum and coal

products manufacturing $ - $ 34,280 $ 92,020 $ 126,300

Book publishers $ - $ 47,904 $ 61,209 $ 109,113

Facilities support services $ - $ 50,206 $ 55,756 $ 105,962

Dry, condensed, and

evaporated dairy product

manufacturing

$ - $ 77,292 $ 26,238 $ 103,530

Car washes $ - $ 8,731 $ 93,611 $ 102,342

Soap and cleaning compound

manufacturing $ - $ 73,463 $ 28,182 $ 101,645

Scenic and sightseeing

transportation and support

activities for transportation

$ - $ 38,452 $ 63,051 $ 101,503

Motion picture and video

industries $ - $ 24,501 $ 72,708 $ 97,209

Other plastics product

manufacturing $ - $ 62,476 $ 28,932 $ 91,408

Petroleum lubricating oil and

grease manufacturing $ - $ 15,899 $ 73,672 $ 89,571

Mining and quarrying stone $ - $ 50,616 $ 33,337 $ 83,953

Automobile manufacturing $ - $ 149 $ 78,610 $ 78,759

Photographic services $ - $ 14,539 $ 62,853 $ 77,392

Software publishers $ - $ 49,245 $ 27,165 $ 76,409

Fruit and vegetable canning,

pickling, and drying $ - $ 46,114 $ 29,385 $ 75,499

Performing arts companies $ - $ 10,701 $ 63,052 $ 73,753

All other crop farming $ - $ 44,108 $ 24,083 $ 68,191

Sanitary paper product

manufacturing $ - $ 5,502 $ 61,917 $ 67,419

Paperboard container

manufacturing $ - $ 27,480 $ 39,685 $ 67,165

Motor vehicle parts

manufacturing $ - $ 26,681 $ 33,795 $ 60,475

Flavoring syrup and

concentrate manufacturing $ - $ 18,105 $ 41,519 $ 59,624

Seasoning and dressing

manufacturing $ - $ 45,707 $ 13,330 $ 59,036

Support activities for

agriculture and forestry $ - $ 21,765 $ 28,813 $ 50,578


31



Coated and laminated paper,

packaging paper and plastics

film manufacturing

$ - $ 20,377 $ 29,783 $ 50,160

Fats and oils refining and

blending $ - $ 34,741 $ 15,097 $ 49,838


manufacturing $ - $ 5,052 $ 44,313 $ 49,365

Paper mills $ - $ 14,565 $ 33,525 $ 48,089

Grain farming $ - $ 22,170 $ 25,893 $ 48,063

Transport by water $ - $ 5,633 $ 42,097 $ 47,731

Other animal food

manufacturing $ - $ 18,273 $ 29,382 $ 47,655

Snack food manufacturing $ - $ 10,069 $ 33,156 $ 43,224

All other food manufacturing $ - $ 17,814 $ 23,354 $ 41,168

Greenhouse, nursery, and

floriculture production $ - $ 1,225 $ 38,985 $ 40,211

Poultry and egg production $ - $ 12,597 $ 27,464 $ 40,061

Non-chocolate confectionery

manufacturing $ - $ 29,031 $ 8,822 $ 37,853

Video tape and disc rental $ - $ - $ 36,861 $ 36,861

Other major household

appliance manufacturing $ - $ 10,975 $ 23,941 $ 34,916

Ready-mix concrete

manufacturing $ - $ 20,260 $ 14,368 $ 34,627

Independent artists, writers,

and performers $ - $ 14,024 $ 19,219 $ 33,244

Electronic computer

manufacturing $ - $ 8,737 $ 24,315 $ 33,052

Vegetable and melon farming $ - $ 12,115 $ 20,306 $ 32,421

Sign manufacturing $ - $ 18,785 $ 13,520 $ 32,305

Cable and other subscription

programming $ - $ 15,087 $ 14,782 $ 29,869

Heating equipment (except

warm air furnaces)

manufacturing

$ - $ 26,713 $ 3,029 $ 29,743

Paint and coating

manufacturing $ - $ 24,830 $ 4,219 $ 29,049

Breweries $ - $ 13,402 $ 14,500 $ 27,902

Polystyrene foam product

manufacturing $ - $ 8,941 $ 17,158 $ 26,099

Other accommodations $ - $ 1,786 $ 24,114 $ 25,900

Sound recording industries $ - $ 10,185 $ 15,001 $ 25,186


32



Wood windows and doors and

millwork manufacturing $ - $ 13,005 $ 11,730 $ 24,735

Wood container and pallet

manufacturing $ - $ 4,110 $ 19,748 $ 23,857

Electric lamp bulb and part

manufacturing $ - $ 11,500 $ 11,997 $ 23,496

Pharmaceutical preparation

manufacturing $ - $ 1,879 $ 20,416 $ 22,295

Oilseed farming $ - $ 9,375 $ 12,883 $ 22,258

Sawmills and wood

preservation $ - $ 10,966 $ 10,976 $ 21,942

Ornamental and architectural

metal products manufacturing $ - $ 14,421 $ 7,017 $ 21,438

Asphalt paving mixture and

block manufacturing $ - $ 12,160 $ 8,832 $ 20,992

Dog and cat food

manufacturing $ - $ 2 $ 20,885 $ 20,887

Industrial gas manufacturing $ - $ 5,709 $ 14,504 $ 20,212

Concrete pipe, brick, and block

manufacturing $ - $ 11,720 $ 8,044 $ 19,764

Other concrete product

manufacturing $ - $ 10,236 $ 8,764 $ 18,999

Air conditioning, refrigeration,

and warm air heating

equipment manufacturing

$ - $ 15,481 $ 2,770 $ 18,250

In-vitro diagnostic substance

manufacturing $ - $ 10,551 $ 7,375 $ 17,926

Plastics packaging materials

and unlamented film and sheet

manufacturing

$ - $ 5,825 $ 11,928 $ 17,754

Other information services $ - $ 2,533 $ 14,579 $ 17,112

Household refrigerator and

home freezer manufacturing $ - $ 692 $ 15,999 $ 16,691

Men’s and boy’s cut and sew

apparel manufacturing $ - $ 92 $ 15,497 $ 15,589

Toilet preparation

manufacturing $ - $ 1,276 $ 14,207 $ 15,483

All other paper bag and coated

and treated paper

manufacturing

$ - $ 7,570 $ 7,843 $ 15,413

Wineries $ - $ 1,164 $ 14,030 $ 15,194

Cut stone and stone product

manufacturing $ - $ 2,066 $ 12,823 $ 14,889


33



Material handling equipment

manufacturing $ - $ 13,065 $ 768 $ 13,833

Commercial hunting and

trapping $ - $ - $ 13,513 $ 13,513

Support activities for printing $ - $ 10,377 $ 2,729 $ 13,106

Stationery product

manufacturing $ - $ 9,218 $ 3,798 $ 13,016

Other pressed and blown glass

and glassware manufacturing $ - $ 5,349 $ 7,578 $ 12,928

Surgical appliance and supplies

manufacturing $ - $ 375 $ 12,026 $ 12,401

Tobacco farming $ - $ 705 $ 11,194 $ 11,899

Plastics bottle manufacturing $ - $ 3,171 $ 8,032 $ 11,203

Other basic organic chemical

manufacturing $ - $ 5,334 $ 5,500 $ 10,834

Cheese manufacturing $ - $ 5,843 $ 4,738 $ 10,581

Cut and sew apparel

contractors $ - $ 3,749 $ 6,554 $ 10,303

Plastics material and resin

manufacturing $ - $ 4,817 $ 5,273 $ 10,090

All other basic inorganic

chemical manufacturing $ - $ 3,989 $ 5,960 $ 9,949

Ice cream and frozen dessert

manufacturing $ - $ 7,054 $ 2,794 $ 9,847

All other converted paper

product manufacturing $ - $ 3,994 $ 5,587 $ 9,581

Urethane and other foam

product (except polystyrene)

manufacturing

$ - $ 5,646 $ 3,845 $ 9,491

Wood kitchen cabinet and

countertop manufacturing $ - $ 2,001 $ 7,486 $ 9,486

Coffee and tea manufacturing $ - $ 5,219 $ 4,203 $ 9,422

Beet sugar manufacturing $ - $ 6,852 $ 2,500 $ 9,353

Support activities for oil and

gas operations $ - $ 5,826 $ 3,328 $ 9,154

Dental laboratories

manufacturing $ - $ 0 $ 8,975 $ 8,975

Plate work and fabricated

structural product

manufacturing

$ - $ 5,879 $ 3,090 $ 8,969

Lime and gypsum product

manufacturing $ - $ 5,321 $ 3,585 $ 8,907


34



Sporting and athletic goods

manufacturing $ - $ 98 $ 8,704 $ 8,802

Tire manufacturing $ - $ 1,382 $ 7,281 $ 8,663

Coating, engraving, heat

treating and allied activities $ - $ 4,298 $ 4,192 $ 8,490

All other miscellaneous wood

product manufacturing $ - $ 2,467 $ 5,879 $ 8,346

Other fabricated metal

manufacturing $ - $ 3,432 $ 4,910 $ 8,342

Glass product manufacturing

made of purchased glass $ - $ 3,070 $ 5,223 $ 8,293

Spring and wire product

manufacturing $ - $ 3,071 $ 5,213 $ 8,284

Seafood product preparation

and packaging $ - $ 6,951 $ 1,217 $ 8,169

Computer terminals and other

computer peripheral equipment

manufacturing

$ - $ 3,756 $ 4,164 $ 7,920

Bowling centers $ - $ 153 $ 7,729 $ 7,882

Aluminum product

manufacturing from purchased

aluminum

$ - $ 1,096 $ 6,739 $ 7,835

All other chemical product and

preparation manufacturing $ - $ 4,223 $ 3,488 $ 7,711

Nonupholstered wood

household furniture

manufacturing

$ - $ 2 $ 7,637 $ 7,640

Light truck and utility vehicle

manufacturing $ - $ 1 $ 7,524 $ 7,525

Mattress manufacturing $ - $ 17 $ 7,445 $ 7,461

Printing ink manufacturing $ - $ 5,885 $ 1,427 $ 7,312

Mining and quarrying sand,

gravel, clay, and ceramic and

refractory minerals

$ - $ 4,893 $ 2,287 $ 7,180

Support activities for other

mining $ - $ 5,103 $ 1,872 $ 6,976

Arms, ordnance, and

accessories manufacturing $ - $ 297 $ 6,389 $ 6,686

Wiring device manufacturing $ - $ 5,823 $ 748 $ 6,571

Commercial logging $ - $ 2,914 $ 3,153 $ 6,067

Power boiler and heat

exchanger manufacturing $ - $ 3,897 $ 2,162 $ 6,059

Storage battery manufacturing $ - $ 1,778 $ 4,205 $ 5,984


35



Soybean and other oilseed

processing $ - $ 3,132 $ 2,722 $ 5,854

Engineered wood member and

truss manufacturing $ - $ 2,922 $ 2,926 $ 5,848

Electron tube manufacturing $ - $ 5,668 $ 152 $ 5,821

Cement manufacturing $ - $ 3,189 $ 2,337 $ 5,526

Apparel knitting mills $ - $ 51 $ 5,258 $ 5,309

Curtain and linen mills $ - $ 232 $ 5,045 $ 5,277

Other rubber product

manufacturing $ - $ 2,146 $ 3,092 $ 5,238

Household cooking appliance

manufacturing $ - $ 178 $ 4,989 $ 5,166

Steel product manufacturing

from purchased steel $ - $ 3,112 $ 1,890 $ 5,002

Brick, tile, and other structural

clay product manufacturing $ - $ 2,475 $ 2,486 $ 4,960

Audio and video equipment

manufacturing $ - $ 2,057 $ 2,828 $ 4,885

Apparel accessories and other

apparel manufacturing $ - $ 75 $ 4,799 $ 4,874

Plastics pipe and pipe fitting

manufacturing $ - $ 2,892 $ 1,932 $ 4,824

Veneer and plywood

manufacturing $ - $ 2,834 $ 1,953 $ 4,787

Machine shops $ - $ 2,555 $ 1,867 $ 4,421

Fruit farming $ - $ 708 $ 3,500 $ 4,208

Rubber and plastics hoses and

belting manufacturing $ - $ 1,942 $ 2,159 $ 4,101

Adhesive manufacturing $ - $ 1,674 $ 2,407 $ 4,081

Tortilla manufacturing $ - $ 2,343 $ 1,476 $ 3,819

All other forging, stamping,

and sintering $ - $ 1,891 $ 1,918 $ 3,809

Air purification and ventilation

equipment manufacturing $ - $ 2,962 $ 832 $ 3,793

Lighting fixture manufacturing $ - $ 2,695 $ 1,046 $ 3,742

Switchgear and switchboard

apparatus manufacturing $ - $ 2,003 $ 1,587 $ 3,590

Iron and steel mills and

ferroalloy manufacturing $ - $ 1,943 $ 1,523 $ 3,466

Synthetic dye and pigment

manufacturing $ - $ 2,162 $ 1,192 $ 3,354


36



Metal can, box, and other

metal container (light gauge)

manufacturing

$ - $ 1,412 $ 1,878 $ 3,291

Flour milling and malt

manufacturing $ - $ 2,278 $ 1,011 $ 3,289

Upholstered household

furniture manufacturing $ - $ 1 $ 3,275 $ 3,276

Communication and energy

wire and cable manufacturing $ - $ 1,785 $ 1,486 $ 3,272

Textile bag and canvas mills $ - $ 838 $ 2,432 $ 3,270

Office Furniture $ - $ 14 $ 3,121 $ 3,135

Confectionery manufacturing

from purchased chocolate $ - $ 798 $ 2,280 $ 3,077

Ball and roller bearing

manufacturing $ - $ 1,774 $ 1,218 $ 2,992

Broom, brush, and mop

manufacturing $ - $ 910 $ 1,951 $ 2,861

Other cut and sew apparel

manufacturing $ - $ 2,091 $ 757 $ 2,849

Hardware manufacturing $ - $ 889 $ 1,906 $ 2,795

Pesticide and other agricultural

chemical manufacturing $ - $ 1,709 $ 965 $ 2,673

Miscellaneous nonmetallic

mineral product manufacturing $ - $ 2,063 $ 590 $ 2,654

Synthetic rubber

manufacturing $ - $ 892 $ 1,749 $ 2,641

Crown and closure

manufacturing and metal

stamping

$ - $ 1,005 $ 1,635 $ 2,640

Ophthalmic goods

manufacturing $ - $ 11 $ 2,512 $ 2,523

Other communications

equipment manufacturing $ - $ 1,308 $ 1,196 $ 2,505

Boat building $ - $ 93 $ 2,392 $ 2,485

Dental equipment and supplies

manufacturing $ - $ 11 $ 2,227 $ 2,237

Turned product and screw, nut,

and bolt manufacturing $ - $ 1,213 $ 1,005 $ 2,218

Alumina refining and primary

aluminum production $ - $ 1,165 $ 1,045 $ 2,210

Blind and shade manufacturing $ - $ 35 $ 2,147 $ 2,182

Paperboard Mills $ - $ 954 $ 1,130 $ 2,085


37



Showcase, partition, shelving,

and locker manufacturing $ - $ 653 $ 1,371 $ 2,025

Unlamented plastics profile

shape manufacturing $ - $ 841 $ 1,118 $ 1,959

Hand tool manufacturing $ - $ 856 $ 993 $ 1,848

Other industrial machinery

manufacturing $ - $ 889 $ 946 $ 1,835

Lawn and garden equipment

manufacturing $ - $ 306 $ 1,514 $ 1,820

All other textile product mills $ - $ 227 $ 1,586 $ 1,812

Motorcycle, bicycle, and parts

manufacturing $ - $ 72 $ 1,685 $ 1,757

Prefabricated wood building

manufacturing $ - $ 1,031 $ 633 $ 1,663

Forestry, forest products, and

timber tract production $ - $ 783 $ 879 $ 1,663

Jewelry and silverware

manufacturing $ - $ 21 $ 1,619 $ 1,640

Heavy duty truck

manufacturing $ - $ 69 $ 1,528 $ 1,597

Other engine equipment

manufacturing $ - $ 500 $ 1,056 $ 1,556

Other leather and allied

product manufacturing $ - $ 91 $ 1,454 $ 1,545

Mineral wool manufacturing $ - $ 630 $ 903 $ 1,533

Gasket, packing, and sealing

device manufacturing $ - $ 417 $ 1,092 $ 1,509

Small electrical appliance

manufacturing $ - $ 297 $ 1,201 $ 1,498

Cutlery, utensil, pot, and pan

manufacturing $ - $ 896 $ 580 $ 1,476

Metal tank (heavy gauge)

manufacturing $ - $ 1,003 $ 460 $ 1,463

Custom roll forming $ - $ 985 $ 474 $ 1,460

Valve and fittings other than

plumbing manufacturing $ - $ 986 $ 382 $ 1,368

Fertilizer manufacturing $ - $ 685 $ 659 $ 1,344

Copper rolling, drawing,

extruding and alloying $ - $ 556 $ 644 $ 1,200

Pump and pumping equipment

manufacturing $ - $ 866 $ 333 $ 1,199

Medicinal and botanical

manufacturing $ - $ 268 $ 918 $ 1,186


38



Construction machinery

manufacturing $ - $ 878 $ 305 $ 1,183

Motor and generator

manufacturing $ - $ 802 $ 372 $ 1,173

Nonferrous metal (except

copper and aluminum) rolling,

drawing, extruding and

alloying

$ - $ 644 $ 500 $ 1,144

Flat glass manufacturing $ - $ 494 $ 647 $ 1,141

Abrasive product

manufacturing $ - $ 676 $ 428 $ 1,104

Other commercial and service

industry machinery

manufacturing

$ - $ 540 $ 514 $ 1,054

Surgical and medical

instrument, laboratory and

medical instrument

manufacturing

$ - $ 57 $ 934 $ 992

Ground or treated mineral and

earth manufacturing $ - $ 547 $ 445 $ 991

Totalizing fluid meters and

counting devices

manufacturing

$ - $ 698 $ 276 $ 975

Turbine and turbine generator

set units manufacturing $ - $ 729 $ 199 $ 929

Special tool, die, jig, and

fixture manufacturing $ - $ 72 $ 841 $ 913

Narrow fabric mills and

schiffli machine embroidery $ - $ 84 $ 829 $ 913

Nonferrous metal foundries $ - $ 445 $ 465 $ 910

Fluid power process machinery

manufacturing $ - $ 563 $ 346 $ 909

Footwear manufacturing $ - $ 0 $ 908 $ 908

Relay and industrial control

manufacturing $ - $ 530 $ 343 $ 873

Industrial mold manufacturing $ - $ 618 $ 236 $ 854

Pottery, ceramics, and

plumbing fixture

manufacturing

$ - $ 88 $ 647 $ 735

Electronic capacitor, resistor,

coil, transformer, and other

inductor manufacturing

$ - $ 449 $ 250 $ 698

Nonwoven fabric mills $ - $ 155 $ 539 $ 694


39



Mechanical power

transmission equipment

manufacturing

$ - $ 387 $ 297 $ 684

Institutional furniture

manufacturing $ - $ 135 $ 520 $ 656

Metal and other household

furniture manufacturing $ - $ 6 $ 648 $ 655

Cutting tool and machine tool

accessory manufacturing $ - $ 395 $ 233 $ 629

Metal cutting and forming

machine tool manufacturing $ - $ 384 $ 204 $ 587

Secondary smelting and

alloying of aluminum $ - $ 327 $ 257 $ 584

Laminated plastics plate, sheet

(except packaging), and shape

manufacturing

$ - $ 320 $ 261 $ 580

Other electronic component

manufacturing $ - $ 336 $ 237 $ 574

Farm machinery and

equipment manufacturing $ - $ 400 $ 161 $ 562

Other general purpose

machinery manufacturing $ - $ 330 $ 220 $ 550

Plumbing fixture fitting and

trim manufacturing $ - $ 276 $ 244 $ 520

Musical instrument

manufacturing $ - $ 44 $ 475 $ 520


electrical equipment and

component manufacturing

$ - $ 145 $ 369 $ 514

Aircraft engine and engine

parts manufacturing $ - $ 381 $ 116 $ 497

Fabricated pipe and pipe fitting

manufacturing $ - $ 263 $ 222 $ 485

Printed circuit assembly

(electronic assembly)

manufacturing

$ - $ 184 $ 293 $ 477

Carbon black manufacturing $ - $ 187 $ 291 $ 477

Commercial Fishing $ - $ 147 $ 326 $ 473

Motor vehicle body

manufacturing $ - $ 120 $ 338 $ 458

Packaging machinery

manufacturing $ - $ 86 $ 368 $ 454


40



Watch, clock, and other

measuring and controlling

device manufacturing

$ - $ 42 $ 382 $ 424

Power, distribution, and

specialty transformer

manufacturing

$ - $ 204 $ 216 $ 420

Doll, toy, and game

manufacturing $ - $ 1 $ 397 $ 398

Clay and non-clay refractory

manufacturing $ - $ 213 $ 181 $ 394

Air and gas compressor

manufacturing $ - $ 100 $ 200 $ 300

Industrial process furnace and

oven manufacturing $ - $ 266 $ 34 $ 300

Ammunition manufacturing $ - $ 10 $ 272 $ 283

Mining and oil and gas field


Travel trailer and camper

manufacturing $ - $ 18 $ 257 $ 275

Speed changer, industrial high-

speed drive, and gear

manufacturing

$ - $ 191 $ 76 $ 267

Railroad rolling stock

manufacturing $ - $ 141 $ 106 $ 247

Vending, commercial,

industrial, and office

machinery manufacturing

$ - $ 57 $ 163 $ 220

Software, audio, and video

media for reproduction $ - $ 122 $ 93 $ 215

Analytical laboratory

instrument manufacturing $ - $ 74 $ 116 $ 190

Automatic environmental

control manufacturing $ - $ 112 $ 73 $ 185

Electro medical and

electrotherapeutic apparatus

manufacturing

$ - $ 8 $ 167 $ 175

Office supplies (except paper)

manufacturing $ - $ 54 $ 103 $ 158

Semiconductor and related

device manufacturing $ - $ 90 $ 64 $ 154

Carbon and graphite product

manufacturing $ - $ 101 $ 52 $ 153


41



Other aircraft parts and

auxiliary equipment

manufacturing

$ - $ 67 $ 85 $ 153

Textile and fabric finishing

mills $ - $ 18 $ 130 $ 147

Tree nut farming $ - $ 26 $ 119 $ 145

Carpet and rug mills $ - $ 4 $ 141 $ 145

Ferrous metal foundries $ - $ 80 $ 58 $ 138

Reconstituted wood product

manufacturing $ - $ 46 $ 83 $ 128

Mining and quarrying other

nonmetallic minerals $ - $ 71 $ 57 $ 128

Plastics and rubber industry


Rolling mill and other

metalworking machinery

manufacturing

$ - $ 92 $ 34 $ 126

Industrial process variable

instruments manufacturing $ - $ 81 $ 43 $ 124

Women’s and girl’s cut and

sew apparel manufacturing $ - $ 3 $ 88 $ 91

Truck trailer manufacturing $ - $ 47 $ 16 $ 63

Telephone apparatus

manufacturing $ - $ 27 $ 35 $ 62

Leather and hide tanning and

finishing $ - $ 24 $ 37 $ 61

Custom architectural

woodwork and millwork

manufacturing

$ - $ 10 $ 38 $ 47

Broad woven fabric mills $ - $ 4 $ 43 $ 46

Electricity and signal testing

instruments manufacturing $ - $ 17 $ 15 $ 31

Bare printed circuit board

manufacturing $ - $ 19 $ 11 $ 30

Ship building and repairing $ - $ 8 $ 18 $ 27

Search, detection, and

navigation instruments

manufacturing

$ - $ 4 $ 7 $ 11

Aircraft manufacturing $ - $ 2 $ 5 $ 7

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