2012wwk-ppt-economic, food and water security in asia towards a new framework for action by louise...
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7/31/2019 2012WWK-PPT-Economic, Food and Water Security in Asia Towards a New Framework for Action by Louise Whiting
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/2012wwk-ppt-economic-food-and-water-security-in-asia-towards-a-new-framework 1/13
Economic, Food and Water Security
in Asia: Towards a New Framework
Louise Whiting
Food and Agriculture Organization
28/08/2012
7/31/2019 2012WWK-PPT-Economic, Food and Water Security in Asia Towards a New Framework for Action by Louise Whiting
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/2012wwk-ppt-economic-food-and-water-security-in-asia-towards-a-new-framework 2/13
Outline: Ke Messa es
1. Key challenges
and
trends
•It
is
necessary
to
adopt
a
multi‐sectoral approach
2. Fundamentals
3. Policy dilemmas
w en cons er ng oo an
water security – with
4. Towards a renewed
framework for high priority.
5. Moving forward
• Explicit consideration of
policy dilemmas and
28/08/2012
.
7/31/2019 2012WWK-PPT-Economic, Food and Water Security in Asia Towards a New Framework for Action by Louise Whiting
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As countries transition we want to:
• Bridge the income gap for farmers
• Achieve a high‐income or middle‐income status
for rice and other grain/staple producers
The two
meanings
of
‘managing’:
• Managing/attempting to control; or
•Coping
with/adapting
to• Up to governments to decide the acceptable cost
in achieving broader socio‐economic goals
28/08/2012
A managed
exit
or
a stressed
exit?
7/31/2019 2012WWK-PPT-Economic, Food and Water Security in Asia Towards a New Framework for Action by Louise Whiting
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.
28/08/2012Source: IRRI, 2010
7/31/2019 2012WWK-PPT-Economic, Food and Water Security in Asia Towards a New Framework for Action by Louise Whiting
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• Consolidation equals
increased
incomes
and
•Better
understanding
of
trade‐
offs
at
the
• Are there barriers to consolidation?
Evo ut on o
rr gat on
systems
• Develop typologies
28/08/2012
7/31/2019 2012WWK-PPT-Economic, Food and Water Security in Asia Towards a New Framework for Action by Louise Whiting
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• What are
the
service
needs
of
the
farmers
of
the
future?
of irrigation
•
• In some contexts new schemes may be needed
• Anticipate future regulations; or
•
28/08/2012
7/31/2019 2012WWK-PPT-Economic, Food and Water Security in Asia Towards a New Framework for Action by Louise Whiting
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/2012wwk-ppt-economic-food-and-water-security-in-asia-towards-a-new-framework 7/13
1. Managing Transitions: supporting continuity or a
combination of improvements and exit strategies?
2. Informal water
economies:
to
manage
or
not
to
manage?
.
efficiency) always compatible with other strategic goals
such as
food
security,
rural
stability
and
equity?
.
5. Implementation of ideal or second‐best/Plan B options?
6. Prioritizing:
national
objectives,
local
objectives
or
basin
objectives? How do we better align goals?
7. Realistic financial arrangements and incentives for erformance?
28/08/2012
7/31/2019 2012WWK-PPT-Economic, Food and Water Security in Asia Towards a New Framework for Action by Louise Whiting
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/2012wwk-ppt-economic-food-and-water-security-in-asia-towards-a-new-framework 8/13
Informal water economies: to manage
or not
to
manage?
Rise o f mod ern wate rindustry; High Intermed iation;
Private-p ublic provisioning;attem pts to improve service
Partial PublicProvisioning b ut self-
Self-supply and informalmutual-help com munity
Dominant mode of
USA, Ca nad a, WesternEurope, Australia
Mexic o, Thailand ,Turkey , Eastern China
India, Pak istan,Bangladesh
Sub-Saharan AfricaExamples
75-95%35-75%5-35%<5%% of water users inthe formal sec tor
Water Industry
Informal
Informal
Human, technical,financial resourcesused by water sec tor
% of total wa ter use
self-supp ly disappe arsand m anage the resourcesupply dominatesinstitutions
provision
se -sup p e
Rural po pulation a s %of total
Cost of do mesticwate r as % of percaput income
Cost of wa ter service
Self-supply disappears;all users get served bymod ern water industry.
Organized service p roviders;self-supply d ec lines;informal institutions decline
Informal Markets; Mutualhelp and com munitymanagement institutions
Self-help; mutual he lp andfeudal institutionsdominate
InstitutionalArrangements
provision
Integrated mgt. of waterinfrastructure, serviceand resource; Resourceprotection
Infrastructure and service intowns and villages; Costreco very; Resourceprotection
Infrastructure and Waterservices, especially in Urbanareas
Infrastructure creation inWelfare Mod e
Concerns of theGovernments
28/08/2012
in significa nce
Source: Shah,
T,
2010
7/31/2019 2012WWK-PPT-Economic, Food and Water Security in Asia Towards a New Framework for Action by Louise Whiting
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Informal and formal water economies:
questions for
policy
‐makers
• Where are the autonomous res onses of users in informal
economies leading us and what kinds of institutions and
strategies will
be
needed
in
the
future?
new types of institutions to more effectively deal with
sustainability issues?
• To what extent should we ‘manage’ the transition from informal
to formal water economies? Who do we manage for? The poor?
•
of future, what are some of the likely obstacles to
implementation in highly informal water economies?
28/08/2012
7/31/2019 2012WWK-PPT-Economic, Food and Water Security in Asia Towards a New Framework for Action by Louise Whiting
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/2012wwk-ppt-economic-food-and-water-security-in-asia-towards-a-new-framework 10/13
A Renewed Framework for Action
(to achieve
coherent,
feasible
and
effective
policies)
• Review existing objectives through a water lens taking a
multi‐sectoral approach.
• Consider solid
water
decisions
• Develop risk
management
strategies for national food
security
•
• Improve negotiation processes
• Monitor investment and
• Explicitly address
policy dilemmas and
28/08/2012
results trade‐offs
7/31/2019 2012WWK-PPT-Economic, Food and Water Security in Asia Towards a New Framework for Action by Louise Whiting
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Countries in the region need to develop comprehensive risk
management strategies for national food security that
address/combine risks/options
related
to:
• production variability
• procurement and price fluctuations from international markets
• storage of grain/other food items, water, fiscal/financial assets,
•social
risks
social
safet
nets
for
vulnerable
o ulations .
• Regional and sub‐regional economic integration processes
28/08/2012
development of
national
risk
management
strategies.
7/31/2019 2012WWK-PPT-Economic, Food and Water Security in Asia Towards a New Framework for Action by Louise Whiting
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Improving negotiation processes in
Thailand
28/08/2012
7/31/2019 2012WWK-PPT-Economic, Food and Water Security in Asia Towards a New Framework for Action by Louise Whiting
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• Existin tools
– MASSCOTE
– AquaCrop
– CropWat
– Water investment
frameworks
– NEGOTIATE (IUCN)
• Tools under development
– ap
po cy appra sa
– Policy development framework
28/08/2012