2013 title 24 summary of changes

Title 24: Where We’re Headed

with the 2013 Nonresidential

Standards

Martyn Dodd, EnergySoft, LLC

September 27, 2012 (9:00 A.M. to Noon)

Title 24: Where We’re Headed with

the 2013 Nonresidential Standards

Martyn Dodd, EnergySoft, LLC

September 27, 2012 (9:00 A.M. Noon)

We will begin in a few minutes. Please dial 1-877.897.0004 for the audio portion of the meeting. When prompted for the meeting number, enter *4159725931* on your touch-tone phone. You must include the stars when dialing. You will not hear anything until we begin the class with the next slide. For technical support call Genesys at 1-866-436-3797

Disclaimer: The information in this document is believed to accurately describe the technologies described herein and are meant to clarify and illustrate typical situations, which must be appropriately adapted to individual circumstances. These materials were prepared to be used in conjunction with a free, educational program presented by PG&E's Pacific Energy Center and are not intended to provide legal advice or establish legal standards of reasonable behavior. Neither Pacific Gas and Electric Company (PG&E) nor any of its employees and agents: (1) makes any written or oral warranty, expressed or implied, including, but not limited to, those concerning merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose; (2) assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy or completeness of any information, apparatus, product, process, method, or policy contained herein; or (3) represents that its use would not infringe any privately owned rights, including, but not limited to, patents, trademarks, or copyrights.

"PG&E" refers to Pacific Gas and Electric Company, a subsidiary of PG&E Corporation. ©2012 Pacific Gas and Electric Company. All rights reserved.

Title 24: Where We’re Headed with the 2013 Nonresidential Standards Fall 2012 These links are provided as information only and are not in any way to be considered a comprehensive listing or as an endorsement by PG&E. All links were current at time of list creation. An electronic version of this list is available at www.pge.com/energyclasses/ Related Online Resources: California Energy Commission. 2013 Building Energy Efficiency Standards The CEC provides background information for the Building Energy Efficiency Standards creation. Marked Versions of the 2013 Standards, related documents, Workshop information and their documents are available here. http://www.energy.ca.gov/title24/2013standards/index.html California Energy Commission. Title 24 Energy Efficiency Standards The CEC’s web site provides access to the new Title 24 Standards, Residential and Nonresidential Compliance Manuals, Alternative Calculation Manuals, and the 2008 Reference Appendices. Links are also provided for information about Computer Compliance Software and HERS regulations. http://www.energy.ca.gov/title24/2008standards/ California Energy Efficiency Strategic Plan This CPUC plan is a roadmap with goals and strategies for achieving maximum energy savings across all groups and sectors in California. The plan is for the years 2009 to 2020. The latest version of the plan can be downloaded from the California Public Utilities Commission site. http://www.cpuc.ca.gov/PUC/energy/Energy+Efficiency/eesp/ CALGreen The latest edition of the California Green Building Standards can be downloaded from this page. New Guides to the CALGreen Code and other related publications are also available. http://www.bsc.ca.gov/Home/CALGreen.aspx California Building Climate Zone Map A detailed map of California’s 16 climate zones can be downloaded here. A Google Earth™ version of the map and lists of climate zones by city or zip code are also available. http://www.energy.ca.gov/maps/building_climate_zones.html BuildingGreen A great resource for information on environmentally friendly products and energy efficient building design practices. This site provides abstracts of all articles from Environmental Building News, plus full text of selected articles, product reviews, GreenSpec® product information service, case studies on high performance building projects, and a list of resources on green building topics. http://www.buildinggreen.com

http://www.pge.com/energyclasses/

http://www.energy.ca.gov/title24/2013standards/index.html

http://www.energy.ca.gov/title24/2008standards/

http://www.cpuc.ca.gov/PUC/energy/Energy+Efficiency/eesp/

http://www.bsc.ca.gov/Home/CALGreen.aspx

http://www.energy.ca.gov/maps/building_climate_zones.html

http://www.buildinggreen.com/

Energy Efficiency Class Resources Page 2 of 6

California Commissioning Collaborative The California Commissioning Collaborative is a group of government, utility, and building service professionals organized to develop and promote commissioning practices in the California. The CCC site includes over 40 case studies, and a Library under its Resources heading that contains articles, white papers, guides, and sample commissioning documents. http://www.cacx.org Energy Design Resources (EDR) EDR contains a good collection of resources on the energy efficient operation, design, and construction of buildings. Topics include, design review, lighting systems, HVAC, building envelope, and daylighting. All of EDR’s publications, software, and training materials are organized by technology and building type. http://www.energydesignresources.com/ High-Performance Buildings for High-Tech Industries. LBNL This Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory site is a portal to an abundance of research information, Best Practice Guidelines, benchmarking tools, an annotated bibliography, technical papers, articles, and performance standards for energy efficient equipment and practices for data centers, laboratories, and other high-tech facilities. http://hightech.lbl.gov/htindex.html LEED® Green Building Rating System Version 3 This newest version of LEED launched in April 2009. Information about this updated building rating system, LEED training, webcasts, and LEED credentials are available here. All LEED Reference Guides can be downloaded or ordered in hard copy from this USGBC site. Project Profiles and Case Studies can be found under the Resources navigation tab. http://www.usgbc.org/DisplayPage.aspx?CMSPageID=222 New Buildings Institute New Buildings Institute is a nonprofit corporation that promotes energy efficient building design and operations. This site includes several useful publications under their Technologies category. These include Lighting, HVAC, and other mechanical systems. A link to NBI’s Advanced Buildings suite of building design and operation resources is under the Advanced Design tab. http://www.newbuildings.org/ Lighting Advanced Lighting Guidelines The Advanced Lighting Guidelines are currently only available as a Web-based publication, by subscription. The Guidelines are a comprehensive guide to energy-efficient lighting technologies, products, and best practices. Topics include a Luminaire Directory, Light & Vision, Health & Performance, Lighting Controls, Luminaires and Distribution, Daylighting, and Design Considerations. http://www.algonline.org/ California Lighting Technology Center (CLTC) The CLTC is a collaboration between the University of California, Davis and the California Energy Commission. This center focuses on emerging energy efficient lighting technologies and systems. Resources include descriptions of CLTC projects, profiles of lighting demonstrations, reports and presentations on current lighting topics, case studies, and information about educational opportunities. http://cltc.ucdavis.edu International Dark-Sky Association (IDA) The IDA seeks to advance awareness of and solutions for nighttime light pollution. Resources include outdoor lighting design information; a guide to approved fixtures; and the Model Lighting Ordinance, and a list of lighting ordinances for states throughout the U.S. and Europe. http://www.darksky.org/

http://www.cacx.org/

http://www.energydesignresources.com/

http://hightech.lbl.gov/htindex.html

http://www.usgbc.org/DisplayPage.aspx?CMSPageID=222

http://www.newbuildings.org/

http://www.algonline.org/

http://cltc.ucdavis.edu/

http://www.darksky.org/


Lighting Research Center The Lighting Research Center at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute’s School of Architecture provides unbiased technical and design information about lighting, lighting products, and lighting applications. Some of the topics covered include outdoor lighting, controls, daylighting, environmental issues, street lighting, light and health, solid-state lighting, and lighting efficiency. Many of the LRC’s research program reports and articles are available for download. http://www.lrc.rpi.edu National Lighting Product Information Program NLPIP researches and tests new lighting products. It provides unbiased information about energy-efficient lighting products and technologies. A glossary, NLPIP product reports, application guides, and searchable publication database are among the sites many resources. NLPIP’s Lighting Diagnostics papers document solutions to actual lighting problems. http://www.lrc.rpi.edu/programs/NLPIP/index.asp HVAC ASHRAE Advanced Energy Design Guides ASHRAE developed design guides for six building types; schools, retail, healthcare, offices, hospitality, and warehouses. The goal of these guides is to provide users with the tools to achieve building energy savings that are 30% above the savings of buildings that meet the minimum requirements of ASHRAE Standard 90.1 1999. http://www.ashrae.org/publications/page/1604 Consortium for Energy Efficiency (CEE). Commercial HVAC Installation Guidelines Both the Guidelines for Energy-Efficient Commercial Unitary HVAC Systems and the accompanying White Paper can be downloaded from CEE’s site. The Guidelines provide best practices, selection criteria, and details of components and systems. HVAC commissioning is also outlined and discussed. http://www.cee1.org/com/hecac/hecac-spec.php3 DDC Online. Iowa Energy Center The Iowa Energy Center provides unbiased information on Direct Digital Controls. This site includes a guide to controls manufacturers and their products, an introduction to Direct Digital Controls, and an Input/Output Tutorial. http://www.ddc-online.org National Building Controls Information Program (NBCIP) NBCIP was established by the Iowa Energy Center and provides unbiased information on building control system products and strategies, including reports that describe the actual performance of products tested by the program. All publications on the site can be downloaded free of charge. http://www.iowaenergycenter.org/energy-efficiency/projects-partnerships/national-building-controls-information-program/ Whole Building Design Guide. High-Performance HVAC This recently updated section of the WBDG presents a comprehensive overview of high performance HVAC equipment and systems. It also describes practices for reducing HVAC energy use, emissions, and costs. http://www.wbdg.org/resources/hvac.php?r=minimize_consumption Building Envelope Building Science Corporation (BSC) BSC promotes the design and construction of sustainable, high performance homes and buildings. This site contains numerous BSC publications on a variety of building and design topics, including wall assemblies and insulation. Publications can be searched by document type or topic. Conference and seminar presentations made by BSC staff are available for download. http://www.buildingscience.com/index_html

http://www.lrc.rpi.edu/

http://www.lrc.rpi.edu/programs/NLPIP/index.asp

http://www.ashrae.org/publications/page/1604

http://www.cee1.org/com/hecac/hecac-spec.php3

http://www.ddc-online.org/

http://www.iowaenergycenter.org/energy-efficiency/projects-partnerships/national-building-controls-information-program/

http://www.wbdg.org/resources/hvac.php?r=minimize_consumption

http://www.buildingscience.com/index_html


High Performance Commercial Building Façades Produced by Building Technologies Program staff at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, this 133-page document examines the performance of advanced building facades. The report includes technology overviews, a look at the design process, building performance, and case studies. It is available in both HTML and Acrobat® formats. http://gaia.lbl.gov/hpbf or http://gaia.lbl.gov/hpbf/documents/LBNL50502.pdf Journal of Building Enclosure Design Issues of this journal from the Building Enclosure Technology and Environment Council can be downloaded from the Whole Building Design Guide site. http://www.wbdg.org/references/jbed.php Whole Building Design Guide. Building Envelope Design Guide This comprehensive design guide was developed by the National Institute of Building Sciences. Topics include below grade systems, wall systems (including exterior insulation and finish system), fenestration, roofing, and atria systems. http://www.wbdg.org/design/envelope.php Whole Building Design Guide. Daylighting This comprehensive overview by Gregg Ander discusses the benefits of daylighting, basic concepts, design recommendations, materials, and tools for analysis and design. The overview concludes with an annotated list of daylighting related publications. http://www.wbdg.org/resources/daylighting.php Roofs Cool Roof Rating Council (CRRC) The CRRC provides unbiased ratings for roof products. The Product Listing Directory lists the solar reflectance and thermal emittance of each product. http://www.coolroofs.org Energy Design Resources. Cool Roofs This EDR Design Brief describes how cool roofing works and the benefits of its application to commercial buildings. Estimating energy savings, design considerations, and long-term performance are also discussed. http://www.energydesignresources.com/resources/publications/design-briefs/design-brief-cool-roofs.aspx Energy Star®: Reflective Roof Products Energy Star qualified roof products and manufacturers, plus articles and case studies are provided on this site. http://www.energystar.gov/index.cfm?c=roof_prods.pr_roof_products Windows and Skylighting Efficient Windows Collaborative The Efficient Windows Collaborative provides impartial information on the benefits of energy efficient windows, plus details on glazes, window types, how they work, a window selection tool, fact sheets, tool kits, and incentive information. http://www.efficientwindows.org Energy Design Resources. SkyCalc™ The SkyCalc software tool for calculating optimum skylighting strategies can be downloaded at no charge from the EDR site. They also provide a brief description of the tool, a User’s Guide and SkyCalc weather files. http://www.energydesignresources.com/resources/software-tools/skycalc.aspx

http://gaia.lbl.gov/hpbf

http://gaia.lbl.gov/hpbf/documents/LBNL50502.pdf

http://www.wbdg.org/references/jbed.php

http://www.wbdg.org/design/envelope.php

http://www.wbdg.org/resources/daylighting.php

http://www.coolroofs.org/

http://www.energydesignresources.com/resources/publications/design-briefs/design-brief-cool-roofs.aspx

http://www.energystar.gov/index.cfm?c=roof_prods.pr_roof_products

http://www.efficientwindows.org/

http://www.energydesignresources.com/resources/software-tools/skycalc.aspx


National Fenestration Rating Council The NFRC provides an energy performance rating system for window products. This site includes descriptions of window products, information about their site-built certification program, access to NFRC publications, links to software tools, detailed information about their rating system, and a product directory. http://www.nfrc.org Whole Building Design Guide: Windows and Glazing This comprehensive overview by Gregg Ander describes issues and features of window systems and glazing. Terminology and recommendations for specifying windows and glazing are discussed. A case study is included along with resources for additional information. http://www.wbdg.org/resources/windows.php Window Systems for High Performance Buildings This site, from the Center for Sustainable Building Research at the University of Minnesota, provides technical information, performance data, and tools useful in the design of window systems for high performance buildings. Contents include a Façade Design Tool, Case Studies, and resources for additional information. http://www.commercialwindows.org/ PG&E Resources: Business Tools PG&E Business Tools include Energy Usage, Billing History and Rate Comparison Tools. http://www.pge.com/mybusiness/myaccount/analysis/ Demand Response Incentives Information on the various Demand Response incentives offered by PG&E can be found here. http://www.pge.com/mybusiness/energysavingsrebates/demandresponse/ Energy Analyzer and Audits Here are quick on-line tools for identifying and analyzing business energy use. Tools include an Online Energy Analyzer. http://www.pge.com/mybusiness/energysavingsrebates/analyzer/ Money-Back Solutions for your Business by Industry Here you will find information about cash rebates and incentives for replacing existing equipment with new energy efficient technologies or purchasing new equipment. Design assistance for a new facility and system process is also available. http://www.pge.com/mybusiness/energysavingsrebates/incentivesbyindustry/ Money-Back Tool Use the Money-Back Tool to instantly get a list of rebates that fit your needs—and see how much you could be saving each year. http://www.pge.com/mybusiness/energysavingsrebates/moneybacksolutions/moneybacktool/index.html PG&E PowerPathway™ PowerPathway offers a Portfolio of programs aimed at building capacity within the state of California to produce the skilled workers needed by PG&E and the energy and utility industry. The PowerPathway Portfolio includes four separate but interconnected efforts: Career preparation, Industry workforce challenges, Education, and Green communities. http://www.pge.com/about/careers/powerpathway/ Partners and Trade Professionals PG&E program partners, local contractors and trade professionals offer special assistance in implementing energy efficiency measures for your business. http://www.pge.com/mybusiness/energysavingsrebates/partnersandtradepros/

http://www.nfrc.org/

http://www.wbdg.org/resources/windows.php

http://www.commercialwindows.org/

http://www.pge.com/mybusiness/myaccount/analysis/

http://www.pge.com/mybusiness/energysavingsrebates/demandresponse/

http://www.pge.com/mybusiness/energysavingsrebates/analyzer/

http://www.pge.com/mybusiness/energysavingsrebates/incentivesbyindustry/

http://www.pge.com/mybusiness/energysavingsrebates/moneybacksolutions/moneybacktool/index.html

http://www.pge.com/about/careers/powerpathway/

http://www.pge.com/mybusiness/energysavingsrebates/partnersandtradepros/


Self-Generation Incentive Program at Pacific Gas and Electric Financial incentive information, description of eligible technologies, forms, resources, and program contact information can all be accessed here. http://www.pge.com/mybusiness/energysavingsrebates/selfgenerationincentive/ Solar Energy PG&E provides information on how a photovoltaic system works; steps to take before installing solar in your home or business; solar schools; and requirements and applications for the California Solar Initiative Program. http://www.pge.com/solar/ Tariff Book This site contains all current gas and electric rate schedules. http://www.pge.com/tariffs/ Third Party Incentive Programs and Fact Sheets PG&E has partnered with energy efficiency specialists in order to extend the reach and effectiveness of energy efficiency, demand response, renewable energy, and self-generation programs. A fact sheet describing all of the specialists and their energy efficiency programs can be downloaded here. Use the search function to find information about all of the programs that are related to your market segment. http://www.pge.com/thirdparty/ Understanding Your Bill Sample business class bills with explanations for each bill item. http://www.pge.com/mybusiness/myaccount/explanationofbill/smallbiz/index.shtml Print Resources Available in the PEC’s Resource Center:

ASHRAE Greenguide. ASHRAE, 2003 ASHRAE Handbook: Fundamentals. ASHRAE, 2009 Double-Skin Facades: Integrated Planning. Oesterle, Eberhard. Prestel Verlag, 2001 Energy Standard for Buildings except Low-Rise Residential Buildings. ASHRAE/ANSI Standard 90.1-

2007 Engineering Weather Data. Michael Kjelgaard. McGraw-Hill, 2001 Heating, Cooling, Lighting: Design Methods for Architects. Norbert Lechner. John Wiley & Sons, 2000 IES Lighting Handbook: Reference and Application, 10th edition. Illuminating Engineering Society, 2011 Intelligent Skins. Michael Wigginton and Jude Harris. Butterworth-Heinemann, 2002 Mechanical and Electrical Equipment for Buildings, 11th edition. Walter Grondzik, et al. Wiley, 2009 Residential Windows: A Guide to New Technologies and Energy Performance, 3rd ed. John Carmody,

Stephen Selkowitz, Lisa Heschong. Norton, 2007 Standard for the Design of High Performance Green Buildings. ANSI/ASHRAE/USGBC/IES Standard

189.1-2009. Window Systems for High-Performance Buildings. John Carmody, et al. W.W. Norton & Co., 2004

http://www.pge.com/mybusiness/energysavingsrebates/selfgenerationincentive/

http://www.pge.com/solar/

http://www.pge.com/tariffs/

http://www.pge.com/thirdparty/

http://www.pge.com/mybusiness/myaccount/explanationofbill/smallbiz/index.shtml

Title 24: Where

We're Headed with

the 2013 Standards

Featuring:

Martyn C. Dodd

EnergySoft, LLC

www.energysoft.com

2

The Pacific Energy Center is a Registered Provider with The

American Institute of Architects Continuing Education

Systems. Credit earned on completion of this program will be

reported to CES Records for AIA members. Certificates of

Completion for non-AIA members are available on request.

This program is registered with the AIA/CES for continuing

professional education. As such, it does not include content

that may be deemed or construed to be an approval or

endorsement by the AIA of any material of construction or any

method or manner of handling, using, distributing, or dealing

in any material or product. Questions related to specific

materials, methods, and services will be addressed at the

conclusion of this presentation.

Welcome

3

Learning ObjectivesLearning Objectives

� Understand the major areas of change in the 2013

Title 24 Building Energy Efficiency Standards including:

� Overall changes in scope and application

� Envelope Requirements

� Mechanical Requirements

� Indoor Lighting Requirements

� Outdoor Lighting Requirements

Welcome

Overall Changes in Scope and ApplicationOverall Changes in Scope and Application

Welcome

Overall Changes in Scope and Application

● When and Why?

● Additional Scope of Coverage

● New Registration Procedures

● Performance Modeling

Low-rise Residential Envelope

Nonresidential Envelope

Low-rise Residential Mechanical

Nonresidential Mechanical

Residential Lighting

Nonresidential Indoor Lighting

Nonresidential Outdoor Lighting

Update ScheduleUpdate Schedule

� May 31, 2012 Business Meeting – Language Adoption

� Jan 1, 2014 Implementation Date

Any projects that apply for permit on or after Jan 1, 2014 will be

subject to the 2013 Standards.

� Information and Documents available at:

http://www.energy.ca.gov/title24/2013standards/

5

Scope & Application

2013 Update Policy Drivers2013 Update Policy Drivers

� By 2020:

� All California new residential

construction zero net energy

� Low-income homes energy efficient

� By 2030:

� All California new commercial

construction zero net energy

� Reshape HVAC industry to ensure

optimal equipment performance

Big, bold strategies for energy savings

6

Scope & Application

Revised StandardsRevised Standards

� All Standards subchapters are now

renumbered

� Using a decimal system

� Section 150 becomes 150.0

� Section 151 becomes 150.1

� All other conventions stay the same.

7

Computer RoomsComputer Rooms

Section 140.9(a)

Prescriptive Requirements for Computer Rooms

� Integrated economizers required for each cooling fan

system, to meet 100% of expected load at OA temperature

of 55F

� Exception under 5 ton units

� Controls that prevent reheating, recooling or simultaneous

heating and cooling

� Non-adiabatic humidification (steam, infrared) is prohibited

8

Scope & Application

Computer RoomsComputer Rooms

Section 140.9(a) (cont)

� The total fan power at design conditions of each fan system

shall not exceed 27 W/kBtuh of net sensible cooling capacity

� Two-speed or variable speed control on fans with motor

demand limitations

� Air barriers for containment –to prevent discharge air from

recirculating

9

Scope & Application

Commercial KitchensCommercial Kitchens

Section 140.9(b)

Prescriptive Requirements for Commercial Kitchens

� Reduce short-circuiting of kitchen exhaust hoods –

replacement air limited to 10% of hood exhaust airflow

rate

� Maximum exhaust flow rate requirements –TABLE

140.9–A

� Limitations on heated or cooled makeup air for spaces

with exhaust hoods

10

Scope & Application

Commercial KitchensCommercial Kitchens

Section 140.9(b) (cont)

� For kitchens with Type I + Type II exhaust hoods >

5,000 cfm

� At least 50% of replacement air is transfer air

� Demand ventilation controls on >= 75% of exhaust

air system

� Energy recovery devices with recovery effectiveness

>= 40% on at least 50% of total exhaust airflow

� 75% or more of makeup air volume is unheated or

uncooled

� Kitchen exhaust system acceptance testing

11

Scope & Application

LaboratoriesLaboratories

Section 140.9(c)

Prescriptive Requirements for Laboratory Exhaust Systems

� For laboratory circulation rates <= 10 air changes per hour

� Zone exhaust and makeup airflow rates shall be capable of

reducing to regulated minimum circulation rates or rate

necessary to maintain pressurization, whichever is larger

12

Scope & Application

Refrigerated WarehousesRefrigerated Warehouses

� Section 120.6(a)

� Some increases in insulation requirements

� Some changes to mechanical requirements

� Added Infiltration Barrier requirement

� Air Curtain

� Closing Door

13

Scope & Application

Commercial Refrigeration Commercial Refrigeration

� Section 120.6(b)

� Retail food stores > 8,000 square feet of conditioned area

� Have refrigerated display cases

or

� Have walk-in coolers or freezers connected to remote

compressor units or condensing units

� Condenser requirements

� Compressor requirements

� Display case lighting control requirements

� Refrigeration heat recovery requirements

14

Scope & Application

Parking GaragesParking Garages

� Section 120.6(c)

� Mechanical ventilation systems for enclosed parking

garages where the total design exhaust rate for the garage

is > 10,000 cfm

� Automatically detect contaminant levels and stage fans

or modulate fan airflow rates to 50% or less of design

capacity provided acceptable contaminant levels are

maintained.

� Have controls and/or devices that will result in fan motor

demand of no more than 30 percent of design wattage at

50% of design airflow.

� One CO sensor per 5,000 sq ft.

15

Scope & Application

Parking GaragesParking Garages

� Parking Garage Controls (cont)

� CO concentration at all sensors is maintained ≤ 25 parts

per million (ppm) at all times.

� The ventilation rate shall be at least 0.15 cfm/sq ft when

the garage is scheduled to be occupied.

� The system shall maintain the garage at negative or

neutral pressure relative to other occupiable spaces

when the garage is scheduled to be occupied.

EXCEPTION to Section 120.6(c): Any garage, or portion

of a garage, where more than 20% of the vehicles

expected to be stored have non gasoline combustion

engines.

16

Scope & Application

Process BoilersProcess Boilers

Section 120.6(d)

� Boiler, or group of boilers served by a common exhaust stack

with a combined heat input capacity of > 2,500,000 Btu/h

� Equipped with a combustion air positive shut-off. (flue

damper or a vent damper)

� Boiler with combustion air fan motors rated at 10+ horsepower

� Variable speed drive or equivalent

� Boiler with input capacity > 5,000,000 Btu/h

� Maintain excess (stack-gas) oxygen concentrations <= 5%

� Boiler with input capacity > 10,000,000 Btu/h

� Maintain excess (stack gas) oxygen concentrations <= 3%

17

Scope & Application

Compressed AirCompressed Air

� New compressed air systems, and all additions or

alterations of compressed air systems where the total

combined compressor power is > 25 hp

� The compressed air system shall be equipped with an

appropriate sized trim compressor and primary storage to

provide acceptable performance across the range of a

system and to avoid control gaps.

� Compressed air systems with more than one

compressor, having a combined horsepower rating >

100 hp, must operate with an approved controller that is

able to choose the most energy efficient combination of

compressors within the system based on the current air

demand as measured by a sensor.

18

Scope & Application

Design ReviewDesign Review

� All nonresidential, hotel/motel &

highrise residential

� Requires a Design Review Kickoff

Certificate(s) of Compliance and

� Construction Document Design

Review Checklist Certificate(s) of

Compliance

� Completed and signed by a licensed

professional engineer (PE)

19

Scope & Application


� Buildings less than 10,000 sq ft may

be the engineer of record.

� Buildings greater than 10,000 sq ft but

less than 50,000 sq ft, shall be a

qualified in-house engineer with no

other project involvement or a third

party engineer

� Buildings greater than 50,000 sq ft

and all buildings with complex

mechanical systems, the licensed

professional engineer shall be a third

party.

20

Scope & Application


21

Scope & Application

CERTIFICATE OF COMPLIANCE and

DESIGN REVIEW CHECKLIST DESC-2C

CONSTRUCTION DOCUMENTS (Page x of xx)Project Name/Address:

General Information

Climate Zone: Building Type: Conditioned Area (sf):

Reviewer's Name: Reviewer's Agency:

Note: Design Review for each system/subsystem must be submitted

Enforcement Agency: Permit Number:

Enforcement Agency Use: Checked by Enforcement Agency Use: Date

ENVELOPE

Code

Section

Measure Complies

Does Not

Comply

Consider

Better

Practice

Notes

FENESTRATION PRODUCTS AND EXTERIOR DOORS

116(a)2 A fenestration product’s U-factor shall be rated in

accordance with NFRC 100, or the applicable default

Ufactor set forth in TABLE 116-A. (Exception: Skylights). N/A

116(a)3

A fenestration product’s SHGC shall be rated in

accordance with NFRC 200 for site-built fenestration, or

use the applicable default SHGC set forth in TABLE 116-B.

(Exception: Skylights). N/A

143(a)5.A

Total and west-facing window area shall be no greater

than 40% of gross west facing exterior wall area or 6

times the west facing display perimeter, whichever is

greater N/A

143(a)5.B-CWindows shall have a U-factor and reflective solar heat

gain no greater than the applicable value in TABLE 143-A,

TABLE 143-B, or TABLE 143-C N/A

CommissioningCommissioning

22

Scope & Application � Section 120.8 (moved from Green Building Standard)

� All nonresidential buildings > 10,000 sq ft

� Owner’s or owner representative’s project requirements

� Basis of design

� Design phase design review

� Commissioning measures shown in the construction

documents

� Commissioning plan

� Functional performance testing

� Documentation and training

� Commissioning report


23

Scope & Application Owner’s or Owner representative’s Project Requirements

(OPR)

� The energy-related expectations and requirements of the

building shall be documented before the design phase of the

project begins. This documentation shall include the

following:

� Energy efficiency goals

� Ventilation requirements

� Project program, including facility functions and hours of

operation, and need for after hours operation

� Equipment and systems expectations


24

Scope & Application Basis of Design (BOD)

� A written explanation of how the design of the building

systems meets the OPR shall be completed at the design

phase of the building project, and updated as necessary

during the design and construction phases. The Basis of

Design document shall cover the following systems:

1. Heating, ventilation, air conditioning (HVAC) systems

and controls

2. Indoor lighting system and controls

3. Water heating system

4. Covered processes


25

Scope & Application Design Phase Design Review

� During the schematic design phase of the building project,

the owner or owner’s representative, design team and

design reviewer must meet to discuss the project scope,

schedule and how the design reviewer will coordinate with

the project team. The building owner or owner's

representative shall include the Design Review Checklist

compliance form in the Certificate of Compliance

documentation


26

Scope & Application Construction Documents Design Review

� The Construction Documents Design Review compliance

form lists the items that shall be checked by the design

reviewer during the construction document review. The

completed form shall be returned to the owner and design

team for review and sign-off. The building owner or owner's

representative shall include this Construction Documents

Design Review compliance form in the Certificate of

Compliance documentation


Commissioning measures shown in the construction

documents

� Include commissioning measures or requirements in the

construction documents (plans and specifications)

� Commissioning measures or requirements should be clear,

detailed and complete to clarify the commissioning process.

These requirements should include the list of systems and

assemblies commissioned, testing scope, roles and

responsibilities of contractors, requirements for meetings,

management of issues, of the commissioning schedule, of

operations and maintenance manual development and of

training, of checklist and test form development, execution

and documentation.

� Include, for information only, roles of non-contractor parties.27


28

Scope & Application Commissioning Plan

� Prior to permit issuance a commissioning plan shall be

completed to document how the project will be

commissioned and shall be started during the design phase

of the building project.

� The Commissioning Plan shall include the following:

� General project information;

� Commissioning goals;

� Systems to be commissioned.


29

Scope & Application Commissioning Plan (cont)

� Plans to test systems and components shall include:

� An explanation of the original design intent

� Equipment and systems to be tested, including the extent

of tests

� Functions to be tested

� Conditions under which the test shall be performed

� Measurable criteria for acceptable performance

� Commissioning team information

� Commissioning process activities, schedules and

responsibilities. Plans for the completion.


30

Scope & Application Functional performance testing

� Functional performance tests shall demonstrate the correct

installation and operation of each component, system and

system-to-system interface in accordance with the

Construction Documents.

� Functional performance testing reports shall contain

information addressing each of the building components

tested, the testing methods utilized, and include any

readings and adjustments made.

� All Acceptance Requirements for Code Compliance shall be

completed as part of this functional performance testing.


31

Scope & Application Documentation and training

� A Systems Manual shall be completed.

� Documentation of the operational aspects of the building

shall be completed within the Systems Manual and delivered

to the building owner or representative and facilities

operator. The Systems Manual shall include the following:

� Site information, including facility description, history and

current requirements

� Site contact information

� Basic operations and maintenance, including general site

operating procedures, basic troubleshooting,

recommended maintenance requirements, site events

log


32

Scope & Application Systems Manual (cont)

� Major systems

� Site equipment inventory and maintenance notes

� A copy of all special inspection verifications required by

the enforcing agency or this code

� Other resources and documentation.


33

Scope & Application Documentation and training

� Systems operations training

� The training of the appropriate maintenance staff for

each equipment type and/or system shall be documented

in the commissioning report and shall include the following:

� System/equipment overview (what it is, what it does and

with what other systems and/or equipment it interfaces)

� Review and demonstration of operation, servicing and

preventive maintenance

� Review of the information in the Systems Manual

� Review of the record drawings on the system/equipment


34

Scope & Application Commissioning report

� A complete report of commissioning process activities

undertaken through the design, construction and reporting

recommendations for post-construction phases of the

building project shall be completed and provided to the

owner or representative.

Electrical Power DistributionElectrical Power Distribution

Section 130.5(a)

� Minimum requirement for metering of electrical load

35

Scope & Application

Metering Requirements

Meter TypeServices <= 50kVA

50 kVA < Services

<= 250kVa

250 kVA < Services

<= 1000 kVa

Services

> 1000 kVa

Instantaneous (at the time) kW

demandReq Req Req Req

Historical peak demand (kW) Req Req

Resettable kWh Req Req Req Req

kWh per rate period Req

Electrical Power DistributionElectrical Power Distribution

Section 130.5(b)

� Minimum requirement for separation of electrical load

36

Scope & Application

Load TypeServices <=

50kVA

50 kVA < Services

<= 250kVa

250 kVA < Services

<= 1000 kVa

Services

> 1000 kVa

Lighting A D D

HVAC Systems A D D

Domestic Hot Water A A A

Plug Loads A A D

Elevators & Escalators A A A

Appliances 25 kVa or higher A D D

Load Centers 25 kVa or higher A D D

Renewable Power Source Each Group Each Group Each Group Each Group

Renewable Loads A A A

Charging Stations A A A A

A: Aggregated load D: All loads disaggregated (see standard for details)

Nonresidential Forms RegistrationNonresidential Forms Registration

� Will require registration of all nonresidential compliance

documents with a HERS provider (CalCERTS, etc)

� Similar to HERS registration process in place now

� Registered versions of the compliance forms will be issued

by the provider

� Registered versions of the compliance forms will be required

by the building department

� Implementation date: January 1, 2015 (1-year delay is to

allow time to prepare the infrastructure)

� Note that unlike residential, this will apply to all

nonresidential buildings

37

Scope & Application

RepositoryRepository

� An electronic storage mechanism to archive all residential

HERS and Nonresidential compliance documents

� HERS providers will place registered documents, and

probably data files describing the buildings into the

repository

� Will provide an archived “snapshot” of the building for the

CEC

38

Scope & Application

� Valuations for electricity, natural gas, and

propane

� (Energy units) x (applicable TDV multiplier)

� TDV multipliers vary by

� energy type

� climate zone

� building type (e.g. low-rise residential)

� date and hour

Time Dependent Valuation (TDV) EnergyTime Dependent Valuation (TDV) Energy

39

Scope & Application

TDV and Electricity Time-of-Day PeaksTDV and Electricity Time-of-Day Peaks

40

Source: Time Dependent Valuation (TDV) – Economics Methodology:

PG&E Code Change Proposal 2005 Title 24 Building Energy Efficiency Standards Update

With TDV value, a kWh saved at a high-cost peak hour is valued

more highly than a kWh saved during an off-peak hour

Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday

Energy Value

High-value energy (mid day, early afternoon)

Lower-value energy(early morning, late night)

TDV energy value

Flat energy value

Scope & Application

TDV and Time-of-Year PeaksTDV and Time-of-Year Peaks

41

160

140

120

100

80

60

40

20

0

Jan 1

Feb 1

Mar 1

Apr 1

May 1

Jun 1

Jul 1

Aug 1

Sep 1

Oct 1

Nov 1

Dec 1

kBtu/kWh

Annual Residential Electricity — Climate Zone 12

Scope & Application

Time Dependent ValuationTime Dependent Valuation

� Values for TDV energy will increase

� Significant increases in Electricity and Propane

42

Scope & Application

Average TDV Multipliers

Year Natural Gas Propane Electricity

2008 1.48 1.90 4.09

2013 1.60 4.11 6.23

Increase 8% 116% 52%

Source: Ken Nittler, Nov 2011 CABEC conference

Updated WeatherUpdated Weather

� New weather data used in performance

� Uses NREL dataset from 2009

� Data based upon historical average

� New “reference cities”

� Zone 6 - Torrance

� Zone 8 – Fullerton

� Zone 14 – Palmdale

� Zone 15 – Palm Springs

� Zone 16 – Blue Canyon

� Climate zone boundaries remain the

same43

Scope & Application

Low-rise Residential Performance ModelingLow-rise Residential Performance Modeling

� ACM Manual and rules still under development

� Modeling will use new simulation engine CSE (California

Simulation Engine)

� Simulation will go from once per hour to 30 times per hour

for more accurate mass simulations

� Run times will be slower

� Credit for Photovoltaic systems in certain climate zones

� CEC will maintain new Compliance Manager software that

will provide Standard/Proposed building rules modeling

� All software vendors will use the same Compliance Manager

plug-in for Title 24 results

44

Scope & Application

Nonresidential Performance ModelingNonresidential Performance Modeling

� New performance modeling guidelines under development

� Will encompass additional building types

� Will include additional “standard” system types for

comparison

45

Scope & Application

Low-rise Residential EnvelopeLow-rise Residential Envelope

Welcome



● Mandatory Measures

● Fenestration & Insulation

● Radiant Barriers

● Additions and Alterations

● Solar Zones







Mandatory MeasuresMandatory Measures

� Frame wall insulation minimum = R-13

� Ceiling/Roof insulation minimum = R-30

� Exception: Addition/Alteration = R-19

� Raised floor insulation minimum = R-19

� Vapor barrier on walls in Zones 14 & 16

� All zones, unvented crawlspace vapor barrier

� Maximum fenestration U-factor = 0.58

� Can average across entire home

� Exception: up to 10 sqft (or 0.5% times floor area) of

fenestration

47


FenestrationFenestration

� Windows:

� Prescriptive U-factor = 0.32 in all

climate zones

� Prescriptive SHGC = 0.25 (except

zones 1,3, & 5)

� Prescriptive maximum west area of

5% (except zones 1,3,5 & 6)

� Can use NA-6 formulas for center of

glass when using site-built

fenestration

48


Cool RoofsCool Roofs

� Prescriptive Requirement

� Low-slope < 2/12 (zones 13, 15)

� Reflectance > 0.63

� Emittance > 0.75

OR

� SRI > 75

� Steep-slope > 2/12 (zones 10-15)



OR

� SRI > 1649


Solar Reflectance Index (SRI)

Calculator

http://www.energy.ca.gov/title24/

2008standards/sri_calculator/

InsulationInsulation

� Prescriptive ceiling insulation increases

to R-38 (zones 1, 11-16)

� R-30 in zones 2-10

50


InsulationInsulation

� Prescriptive Wall Insulation

� U-Factor = 0.065

� R-15 in 2x4 wall cavity

� Additional R-4 rigid over framing

members

or;

� R-13 in 2x4 wall cavity

� Additional R-5 rigid over framing

members

51


Image omitted. Rights owner did not grant permission to print

Radiant BarriersRadiant Barriers

� Prescriptive requirement in climate

zones 2-15

52



Additions and AlterationsAdditions and Alterations

� Clarifies that all IAQ requirements apply to

additions less than 1,000 sqft except the

whole house ventilation

� Glazing replacements need to meet the

prescriptive criteria from previous slide

Exception applies if all met

� Area <= 75 sqft

� U-factor <= 0.40

� SHGC <= 0.35 (zones 2, 4, 6-16)

� Two performance paths for analysis

� Standard approach gives less credit

� Third party verification allows full credit

53


Roof ReplacementsRoof Replacements

� Low-slope < 2/12 (zones 13,15)



OR

� SRI > 75




OR

� SRI > 16

54



Calculator



Single Family Solar ZonesSingle Family Solar Zones

� Single family residences located in

subdivisions with ten or more single

residences

� Application for subdivision map after

Dec 31, 2013

� Minimum roof area of 250 square feet

� 3+ stories and <= 2000 sqft, roof area

required is 150 sqft

55


Solar Zone

� Roof oriented between 110 degrees and 270 degrees or flat roof

� No roof obstructions

� Designed for weight of solar panels

� The area may be divided into 80 sqft or more sections, no

dimension < 5 feet

Solar Zone





dimension < 5 feet

Multi-Family Solar ZonesMulti-Family Solar Zones

� Multi-Family buildings

� Minimum 15% of roof area

Exceptions are given in Section 110.10 for locating solar zone

elsewhere

56


Solar Zone





dimension < 5 feet

Solar Zone





dimension < 5 feet

Nonresidential EnvelopeNonresidential Envelope

Welcome




● Fenestration & Insulation

● Cool Roofs

● Air Barriers

● Daylighting

● Solar Zones







� Window Prescriptive Requirements

� Area Weighted Performance Ratings

RSHGC: Relative Solar Heat Gain Coefficient,

which takes into account overhang benefits

VT: Visible Transmittance rating for overall daylight

transmittance of product including frame,

OR

Use NA-6-3 formula to account for the frame

VT = VTf X VTc

VTc = Center of Glass VT

VTf = from Appendix NA-6


58

Windows (40% Max Area)

Type Max U-Factor Max RSHGC Min VT

Fixed 0.36 0.25 0.42

Operable 0.46 0.22 0.32

Curtainwall 0.41 0.26 0.46

Doors 0.45 0.23 0.17


� Skylight Prescriptive Requirement

� Area Weighted Performance Ratings


Skylights (5% Max Area)

Type Max U-Factor Max SHGC Min VT

Glass, Curb 0.58 0.25 0.49

Glass, No Curb 0.46 0.22 0.49

Plastic 0.88 None 0.64

59

Mandatory InsulationMandatory Insulation

� Maximum U-Factors

� Roofs

� Metal buildings: 0.098 (R-11)

� Wood framed & Other: 0.075 (R-19 wood framing)

� Walls

� Metal building: 0.113 (R-13)

� Metal framed: 0.105 (R-8 Rigid over framing)

� Light Mass wall: 0.44

� Heavy Mass wall: 0.69

� Wood framed: 0.110 (R-11)

� Spandrel Panels: 0.2860


Mandatory InsulationMandatory Insulation

� Maximum U-Factors (cont)

� Raised Floors

� Mass Floors: 0.269 or 3” lightweight concrete

� Lightweight: 0.071 (R-11)

61


Refrigerated Warehouse InsulationRefrigerated Warehouse Insulation

62

Nonresidential Envelope Refrigerated Warehouses (Mandatory Levels)

Space SurfaceMinimum R-Value

(°F×hr×sf/Btu)

Frozen

Storage

Roof/Ceiling R-40

Wall R-36

Floor R-35

Floor w/heat from

refrigerationR-20

Cold Storage Roof/Ceiling R-28

Wall R-28

Nonresidential Prescriptive Cool RoofsNonresidential Prescriptive Cool Roofs

� Low-slope < 2/12 (all zones)



OR

� SRI > 75

� Steep-slope > 2/12 (all zones)



OR

� SRI > 16

63



Calculator



High-Rise Res & Hotel/MotelPrescriptive Cool RoofsHigh-Rise Res & Hotel/MotelPrescriptive Cool Roofs

� Low-slope < 2/12 (zones

10,11,13,14,15)



OR

� SRI > 64




OR

� SRI > 16

64


Cool Roof Trade-off TableCool Roof Trade-off Table

65


Nonresidential

Aged Solar Reflectance

MetalBuilding

Wood Framed and Other

All Zones Zones 1 & 5Zones 1-4, 9-

16Zone 6 Zones 7 & 8

0.62-0.60 0.061 0.045 0.036 0.065 0.059

0.59-0.55 0.054 0.041 0.034 0.058 0.053

0.54-0.50 0.049 0.038 0.032 0.052 0.048

0.49-0.45 0.047 0.035 0.030 0.047 0.044

0.44-0.40 0.043 0.033 0.028 0.043 0.040

0.39-0.35 0.039 0.031 0.027 0.039 0.037

0.34-0.30 0.035 0.029 0.025 0.037 0.035

0.29-0.25 0.033 0.027 0.024 0.034 0.032

Cool roof requirements also apply to roof replacements

Air BarriersAir Barriers

� Prescriptive requirement in climate

zones 10 – 16 (except High-Rise

Residential and Relocatable

Classrooms)

� Use materials that have an air

permeance not exceeding 0.004 cfm/ft2

at 0.3 in. w.g.

OR

� Use assemblies of materials and

components that have an average air

leakage not to exceed 0.04 cfm/ft2 at

0.3 in. w.g.

OR

� Materials on Next Slide66


Air BarriersAir Barriers

67


• 3/8” Plywood

• 3/8” Oriented strand board

• ½” Extruded polystyrene insulation board

• ½” Foil-back polyisocyanurate insulation board

• 1½” Closed cell spray foam with a minimum density 2.0 pcf

• 5½” Open cell spray foam with a minimum density 0.4 to1.5 pcf

• ½” Exterior or interior gypsum board

• ½” Cement board

• Built up roofing membrane

• Modified bituminous roof membrane

• Fully adhered single-ply roof membrane

• A Portland cement/sand parge, or 5/8” gypsum plaster

• Cast-in-place and precast concrete

• Fully grouted concrete block masonry

• Sheet steel or aluminum

DaylightingDaylighting

68


Section 143(c)

� Applies to Prescriptive compliance for buildings 3 stories or less

� Climate zones 2 through 15

AND

� Enclosed spaces > 5,000 sq. ft. directly under a roof

AND

� Ceiling heights > 15 ft.

� Unconditioned spaces and buildings must also comply

� Used in the baseline under the Performance Approach

Exception 1: Auditoriums, churches, movie theaters, museums, and

refrigerated warehouses

Exception 2: Future spaces, unfinished interiors, etc.

Exception 3: Lighting Power Density (LPD) < 0.5 watts/sq. ft.

� At least 75% of the floor area

located:

� Within one head height

from windows

OR

� Within 0.7 times average

ceiling height from the edge

of skylights

� Skylights shall be diffusing

(90% haze rating)

� Haze rating is from

manufacturer

� General lighting in daylit zones

shall be controlled

DaylightingDaylighting

69



Solar ZonesSolar Zones

� Nonresidential Buildings 3 stories or less

� High-rise Res & Hotel/Motel buildings 10 stories or less

� Minimum 15% of roof area

Exceptions are given in Section 110.10 for locating solar zone

elsewhere

70


Solar Zone





dimension < 5 feet

Solar Zone





dimension < 5 feet

Low-rise Residential MechanicalLow-rise Residential Mechanical

Welcome





● HVAC

● Return Ducts

● Domestic Hot Water





HVACHVAC

� Mandatory HERS testing for ducted

systems unless ducts are in

conditioned space

� HVAC bypass ducts not allowed

� Minimum duct R-value = 6

� Prescriptive duct R-Value = 8 (zones

11, 14-16)

72



HVACHVAC

� Condensing units must be at least 5’

from dryer vent outlet

� Whole house IAQ fans require HERS

testing and verification

� Continuous operation of HVAC fan not

allowed as IAQ approach

� Prescriptive whole house fan required

zones 8-14

� Listed in CEC appliance directory

� Provides a minimum of 2 cfm/sqft

of floor area

73



Return DuctsReturn Ducts

� Mandatory return duct(s) sized per tables; or

� Have HERS test for 350 cfm/ton & 0.58 w/cfm

74


Single Duct

Cooling Capacity

Minimum Duct

Diameter

Minimum Grill Area

1.5 tons 16” 500 in²

2 tons 18” 600 in²

2.5 tons 20” 800 in²

Multiple Duct

Cooling Capacity

Minimum Duct-1

Diameter

Minimum Duct-2

Diameter

Minimum Grill Area

1.5 tons 12” 10” 500 in²

2 tons 14” 12” 600 in²

2.5 tons 14” 14” 800 in²

3 tons 16” 14” 900 in²

3.5 tons 16” 16” 1000 in²

4 tons 18” 18” 1200 in²

5 tons 20” 20” 1500 in²

Domestic Hot WaterDomestic Hot Water

� Gas or Propane water heaters serving

individual units

� 120 v outlet within 3 feet

� Category III or IV (or B) straight pipe

vent

� Condensate drain

� Gas supply sized to deliver at least

200,000 Btuh

� All hot water pipes ¾” or larger insulated

75



Domestic Hot WaterDomestic Hot Water

� Prescriptive Multi-family

� Demand control on recirculation

loops

� 8+ Dwelling units require a minimum

of two recirculation loops

� Solar System

● 20% Net Solar Fraction (NSF) in

zones 1-9

● 35% NSF in zones 10-16

� Cannot install electric DHW unless

● No natural gas available

AND

● Provide 50% NSF solar system76


Nonresidential MechanicalNonresidential Mechanical

Welcome






● Equipment

● Economizers

● Fans

● Controls




HVACHVAC

� New efficiencies for DX equipment

� Implementation on Jan 1, 2015

� Equipment < 65,000 Btuh 14 SEER

� Equipment >= 65,000 Btuh < 240,000

Btuh 11.7 EER

78



ChillersChillers

� Prescriptive requires compliance with full load efficiency and

IPLV maximums under Path B

79


ChillersChillers

� Chilled water plants shall not have

more than 300 tons provided by air

cooled chillers

� Slight modification to original rule

� Prescriptive limitation

80



Cooling TowersCooling Towers

� Evaporative or Open Cooling Towers require:

� Conductivity or Flow-based Controls. Towers shall

include installation of controls that maximize cycles of

concentration based on local water quality conditions.

Controls shall automate system bleed and chemical feed

based on conductivity, and/or in proportion to metered

makeup volume, metered bleed volume, or bleed time.

� Documentation of Maximum Cycles of Concentration.

Building owner shall document the maximum cycles of

concentration based on local water quality conditions,

using the Energy Commission-provided calculator. The

calculator is intended to determine maximum cycles

based on a Langelier Saturation Index (LSI) of 2.5 or

less. Building owner shall document maximum cycles of

concentration on Compliance Form MECH 5C.

81


Cooling TowersCooling Towers

� Evaporative or Open Cooling Towers (cont)

� Flow Meter. Towers shall include installation of a flow

meter on the makeup water line.

� Overflow Alarm. Towers shall include installation of an

overflow alarm to prevent overflow of the sump in case of

makeup water valve failure. Overflow alarm shall send an

audible signal or provide an alert via the Building

Management System to the tower operator in case of

sump overflow.

� Efficient Drift Eliminators. Towers shall be equipped with

efficient drift eliminators that achieve drift reduction to

0.002% of the circulated water volume for counterflow

towers and 0.005% for cross-flow towers.

EXCEPTION : Towers with rated capacity < 150 tons.

82


Pipe InsulationPipe Insulation

� Matches ASHRAE requirements (some thickness increases)

83


EconomizersEconomizers

� Mandatory Fault Detection and Diagnostics (FDD)

� All air-cooled unitary direct-expansion units with an

economizer and

� Mechanical cooling capacity >= 54,000 Btuh

� Must include a Fault Detection and Diagnostics (FDD)

system

� Includes

� Packaged DX rooftops

� Split-systems

� Heat pumps

� Variable refrigerant flow systems

84



� Prescriptive threshold for

economizers lowered

� Moved from 75,000 Btuh

down to 54,000 Btuh (4.5

tons)

AND

� Greater then 1,800 cfm of

airflow

� Removed exemptions related to

computer equipment and

telecommunications

85



� DX systems with economizers must be able to stage or

modulate cooling capacity as follows:

86


Cooling Capacity Staging or Modulation

Fan Type Stages Required Cooling Capacity Effective Date

Constant Volume 2 >= 75,000 Btuh Jan 1, 2014

Constant Volume 2 > =65,000 Btuh Jan 1, 2016

Variable Volume 3 or 4 > =65,000 Btuh Jan 1, 2014

FansFans

� Each system listed in Table 140.4-B

shall be designed to vary the airflow

rate as a function of actual load.

87


Variable Airflow Control of Fans

Cooling System Type Fan Motor Size Cooling Capacity Effective Date

Direct Expansion any >= 75,000 Btuh Jan 1, 2014

Direct Expansion any > =65,000 Btuh Jan 1, 2016

Chilled Water & Evap > 1 hp any Jan 1, 2014

Chilled Water & Evap > ¼ hp any Jan 1, 2016

FansFans

� Single zone systems shall have

controls and/or devices that will result

in fan motor demand of no more than

40 percent of design wattage at 66

percent of design fan speed

� Two-speed fan or variable speed

drive

� Multiple zone systems shall include

controls that limit the fan motor

demand to no more than 30 percent of

the total design wattage at 50 percent

of design air volume when static

pressure set point equals 1/3 of the

total design static pressure

� Variable speed drive88



ControlsControls

� Occupancy sensors allowed as a control

option for demand control ventilation

� May reduce the ventilation rate to zero

� One sensor per room

� Must do one hour pre-purge prior to

normal occupancy

� Requires fan cycle control sequence to

maintain the average outdoor air rate

over a 2 hr. period

� Must shut off outside air within 30

minutes of vacancy

� If single zone system, must also cycle off

the fan89


ControlsControls

� Mandatory Occupancy sensor based HVAC control in:

� Multipurpose rooms less than 1000 sqft

� Classrooms greater than 750 sqft

� Conference rooms greater than 750 sqft

� Must automatically setup the cooling set point by 2°F or

more and setback the heating temperature set point by 2˚F

or more

AND

� Automatically reset the minimum required ventilation rate to

zero or turn the supply fan off when the zone is unoccupied

90


Hotel/Motel Guest RoomsHotel/Motel Guest Rooms

� Hotel and motel guest rooms shall have

captive card key controls, occupancy

sensing controls, or automatic controls.

� Activated no longer than 30 minutes after

the guest room has been vacated

� Setpoints are:

� Set-up at least 5°F in cooling mode

� Set-down at least 5°F in heating mode

� Lighting is switched off also

91


Residential LightingResidential Lighting

Welcome







● Kitchens

● Bathrooms

● Garages, Laundry Rooms & Utility Rooms

● Outdoor



BathroomsBathrooms

� A minimum of one high efficacy

luminaire shall be installed in each

bathroom

AND

� All other lighting installed in each

bathroom shall be high efficacy or

controlled by vacancy sensors

93


GU-24 CFL photo courtesy of

Conservation Law Foundation

Garages, Laundry Rooms & Utility RoomsGarages, Laundry Rooms & Utility Rooms

� All hard-wired lighting must be

high efficacy lighting

AND

� Must be controlled by a vacancy

sensor

94



Multi-Family OutdoorMulti-Family Outdoor

� Low-rise multi-family residential buildings

with 4+ dwelling units

� Private patios

� Entrances

� Balconies

� Porches

� Parking Lots (less than 8 vehicles)

� Carports (less than 8 vehicles)

95


Must be high efficacy, or controlled by photocell and motion sensor

Or

Must comply with nonresidential outdoor LPD restrictions (section 140.7)


Multi-Family OutdoorMulti-Family Outdoor

� Low-rise four or more dwelling units

� Other areas not shown on previous slide

� Must comply with nonresidential outdoor

lighting

� Same rule for parking lots with eight or

more vehicles

96


Nonresidential Indoor LightingNonresidential Indoor Lighting

Welcome








● Mandatory Measures

● Power Adjustment Factors

● Complete Building Method

● Area Category Method

● Tailored Method


Mandatory MeasuresMandatory Measures

� Track lighting current limiters must be

certified (also labeling requirements)

� Line voltage over-current panels

recognized for track lighting

� Recessed fixtures with medium screw

base sockets counted as min. 50 watts

� Screw base adapters are not

recognized, even if permanent

� No field modification, even LED

conversion is recognized

� Linear LED conversions on fluorescent

not recognized

98



Multi-level ControlsMulti-level Controls

� Multi-level controls required in areas >

0.5 w/sqft and >= 100 sqft

� Each luminaire shall be controlled by at

least of one of the following methods:

� Manual dimming

� Lumen maintenance

� Tuning

� Automatic daylighting controls

� Demand responsive lighting controls

99


Lumen Maintenance will maintain constant light output as lamp ages.

Tuning is the ability to set maximum light levels at a lower level than full power.

Occupant SensorsOccupant Sensors

� Occupant sensors to reduce power by 50%

� Aisles and open areas in warehouses

� Must control that particular aisle

� 40% power reduction if LPD is less than

80% of Area Category allowance

� Library book stack aisles

� 10 feet or longer that are accessible from

only one end

� 20 feet or longer that are accessible from

both ends

� Lighting installed in corridors and stairwells

100


Occupant SensorsOccupant Sensors

� Can use occupant sensors as a

substitute for the requirement for

automatic shutoff controls

� Stairwells and common area corridors

for high-rise residential & hotel/motel

� Parking garages, parking areas and

loading and unloading areas

101



Skylit Zone DefinitionSkylit Zone Definition

� 0.7 times ceiling height in each direction from the edge of

the rough opening of the skylight

102


Primary Sidelit Zone DefinitionPrimary Sidelit Zone Definition

� One window head height deep into

the area

� Includes window width plus 0.5 times

window head height wide on each

side of the rough opening of the

window

103


Automatic Daylighting ControlsAutomatic Daylighting Controls

� Required in skylit zones

� Required in primary sidelit zones

� Zones documented on plans

� Luminaires in each type of zone

must be controlled separately

104


Exceptions:

Less than 120 watts of lighting

Less than 24 sqft of glazing

Parking Garage DaylightingParking Garage Daylighting

� Automatic daylighting controls required

� Parking garage area with combined total

of 36 square feet or more of glazing or

opening

� Does not apply if sidelit zone has less

than 60 watts of lighting

105


Demand Responsive Lighting ControlsDemand Responsive Lighting Controls

� In prior standard, only applied to

retail.

� Now applies to all buildings larger

than 10,000 sqft.

� Must automatically provide either:

� A 15% reduction in lighting power

via dimming; or

� A reduction in lighting by one level

below full ON in accordance with

Table 130.1-A via stepped

dimming or stepped switching

� Table 130.1-A shown on next slide

106



Demand Responsive Lighting ControlsDemand Responsive Lighting Controls

107


Power Adjustment FactorsPower Adjustment Factors

� Revised lighting control credits

� Daylighting controls (and others) no longer given credit in

prescriptive compliance

108


Secondary Daylight ZonesSecondary Daylight Zones

� Prescriptive compliance

� Secondary daylight zone

� 120 watts or more of lighting in secondary area

� Automatic daylighting controls required

109


Complete Building MethodComplete Building Method

� Reduction in LPDs for Offices and Parking Garages

110


Area Category MethodArea Category Method

� Reduced LPDs for Offices, Grocery, Retail & Parking

� New category for Videoconferencing

111


Area Category MethodArea Category Method

� New footnotes for additional allowances

� Applies to Tasks, Ornamental, etc

112


Tailored MethodTailored Method

� Many functions removed

� Many functions have lower allowances

113



� Certain uses assigned lighting

based upon IES LUX level

� Exercise Center, Gymnasium

� Medical and Clinical Care

� Police or Fire Stations

� Public rest areas along state

and federal roadways

114




� Basic lighting allowance given in Table 140.6-G

� Table includes revised LPDs

� Uses the Lux value (from Table 140.6-D) as basis

115



� Higher mounting height allows for

wattage increases

� Multipliers reduced

116


AlterationsAlterations

� Lighting System Alterations shall include alterations where an

existing lighting system is modified, luminaires are replaced,

or luminaires are disconnected from the circuit, removed and

reinstalled, whether in the same location or installed

elsewhere.

� Subject to Table 141.0-E

� Exception: Alterations that qualify as a Luminaire

Modification-in-Place (definition to follow)

117



118



To qualify as a Luminaire Modification-in-Place, lighting systems

shall be modified in only one or more of the following methods:

� Replacing lamps and/or ballasts.

� Changing the number or type of light source in a luminaire

including socket renewal, removal or relocation of sockets.

� Changing the optical system of a luminaire.

� Installing lighting control systems devices.

� Replacement of whole luminaires one for one in which the

only electrical modification involves disconnecting the

existing luminaire and reconnecting the replacement

luminaire.

119



120


Nonresidential Outdoor LightingNonresidential Outdoor Lighting

Welcome









● General

● Hardscape Lighting Power

● Specific Applications Lighting Power

● Ordinance Tables

● Signs

GeneralGeneral

� Cutoff luminaires required on lamps greater

than 150 watts

� Lighting used in or around swimming pools

and water features no longer exempted

� Must count these fixtures in lighting

tabulation

122


Motion SensorsMotion Sensors

� All luminaires with mounting heights

less than 24’ above the ground

� Motion sensor required

� Reduce lighting power of each

luminaire by at least 40 percent but

not exceeding 80 percent

OR

� Provide continuous dimming

� Shall employ auto-on functionality

� Maximum of 1,500 watts of lighting

power shall be controlled together

123


Motion SensorsMotion Sensors

� Exceptions to motion sensors

� Sales Frontage

� Sales Lots

� Sales Canopies

� Building Facades

� Ornamental Hardscape

� Dining

� Pole-mounted luminaires <= 75 watts

� Non-pole mounted luminaires <= 30 watts

� Linear lighting <= 4 watts per linear foot of luminaire

124


Part Night DevicePart Night Device

� Part-Night Outdoor Lighting Control is a time or occupancy-

based lighting control device or system that reduces or turns

off the lighting power to an outdoor luminaire for a portion of

the night.

� Examples:

� Dim the lamp halfway through the night, and turn the

lamp back up to full output sometime before dawn if

needed to address morning commute requirements.

� Turn the lamp completely off half way through the night.

125


Sales AreasSales Areas

� Sales Frontage

� Sales Lots

� Sales Canopies

� Requires an automatic lighting control that meets the

following requirements:

� A distributed part-night device

OR

� Motion sensors capable of automatically reducing

lighting power by at least 40% but not exceeding

80%, and which have auto-on functionality.

126


Other AreasOther Areas

� Building Façade

� Ornamental Hardscape

� Dining

� Requires an automatic lighting control that meets one of the

following requirements:

� A distributed part-night device

� Motion sensors capable of automatically reducing lighting

power by at least 40% but not exceeding 80%, and which

have auto-on functionality.

� A centralized time-based zone lighting control capable of

automatically reducing lighting power by at least 50%

127


Hardscape Lighting PowerHardscape Lighting Power

� Table 140.7-A

� Hardscape Allowances

� Reductions in Lighting Allowances

(shown in red)

128


Type of Power AllowanceLightingZone 1

LightingZone 2

LightingZone 3

LightingZone 4

Area WattageAllowance

(AWA)0.035 W/ft² 0.045 W/ft² 0.090 W/ft² 0.115 W/ft²

Linear WattageAllowance

(LWA)0.25 W/lf 0.45 W/lf 0.60 W/lf 0.85 W/lf

Initial WattageAllowance

(IWA)340 W 510 W 770 W 1030 W

Specific Applications Lighting PowerSpecific Applications Lighting Power

� Reductions in Lighting Allowances (shown in red)

129


Lighting Application Lighting Zone 1 Lighting Zone 2 Lighting Zone 3 Lighting Zone 4

Building Entrances or Exits.

Allowance per door. Luminaires

qualifying for this allowance shall be

within 20 ft of the door.

30 W 60 W 90 W 90 W

Vehicle Service Station Canopies

Allowance for the total area within the

drip line of the canopy. Luminaires

qualifying for this allowance shall be

located under the canopy.

0.514 W/ft² 1.005 W/ft² 1.300 W/ft² 2.200 W/ft²

Outdoor Dining. Allowance for the

total illuminated hardscape of outdoor

dining. Outdoor dining areas are

hardscape areas used to serve and

consume food and beverages.

Qualifying luminaires shall be within 2

mounting heights of the hardscape

area of outdoor dining.

0.014 W/ft² 0.135 W/ft² 0.240 W/ft² 0.400 W/ft²

Ordinance TablesOrdinance Tables

� Ordinance Tables removed from Standards

� Must comply with basic Hardscape Allowance.

130


SignsSigns

� All outdoor sign lighting shall be

controlled with a photocontrol and

astronomical time switch

� All outdoor signs that are on both day

and night shall be controlled with a

dimmer that provides the ability to

automatically reduce sign lighting

power by a minimum of 65% during

nighttime hours.

131


Questions?Questions?

This concludes the Title 24 Standards Training.

Please be sure to complete your evaluation sheets so we can

plan future events.

132

2013 title 24 summary of changes

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