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2013/14 Health Behaviour in School-aged Children
(HBSC) Wales: key findings
Ymchwil gymdeithasol
Social research
Number: 58/2015
For further information please contact:
Chris Roberts
Knowledge and Analytical Services
Welsh Government
Cathays Park
Cardiff
CF10 3NQ
Tel: 029 2082 6543
Email: [email protected]
Welsh Government Social Research, 22 October 2015
ISBN 978-1-4734-5051-6
© Crown Copyright 2015
All content is available under the Open Government Licence v3.0, except where otherwise stated.
http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/version/3/
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Health Behaviour in School-Aged Children Key Findings
Prepared by Ipsos MORI on behalf of the Welsh Government
October 2015
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Contents
Page 5: Aims of the research Page 74-79: Health: self-rated health
Page 6-7: Research design Page 81-87: Risk behaviours: tobacco use
Page 8: Strengths and limitations of the data Page 88-90: Exposure to smoking in cars
Page 9-11 Notes for the reader Page 91-93: E-cigarettes
Page 13-18: Eating behaviours: breakfast Page 94-112: Alcohol use
Page 19-30: Eating behaviours: fruit & vegetables Page 113-125: Exposure to drugs
Page 31-36: Eating behaviours: soft-drinks & energy drinks Page 126-130: Sexual behaviour
Page 37-39: Eating behaviours: sweets Page 132-137: Energy expenditure: journey to school
Page 40-45: Oral health Page 138-143: Energy expenditure: computers and the internet
Page 46-51: Energy expenditure: physical activity Page 144-146: Energy expenditure: watching television
Page 53-58: Bodyweight: overweight and obesity Page 147-149: Sleeping behaviour
Page 59-61: Health: long-term health conditions Page 150-170: Emotional support: Family, teachers & friends
Page 62-64: Health: medically attended injuries Page 171-182: Attitudes towards school
Page 65-67: Health: Multiple health complaints Page 183-197: Experience of bullying and fighting
Page 68-73: Health: life satisfaction Page 198-204: Technical details and clarification notes
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Aims of the research
The Welsh Government commissioned Ipsos MORI to conduct the 2013/14 Health Behaviour in
School-aged Children (HBSC) survey in Wales. The research in Wales forms part of an
international study of adolescent health.
The main objectives of the study include:
• to provide an in-depth understanding of young people’s health and well-being, including the social
determinants of health;
• to inform policy and practice to improve young people’s lives;
• to disseminate findings to various groups, for example Welsh Government policy makers, local
government, the NHS, teachers, parents, young people and researchers; and
• to initiate and sustain national and international research on health behaviour and the social context
of health among young people.
Data were collected in 42 countries/regions across Europe and North America for the 2013/14 study, in
collaboration with the World Health Organization (WHO). See www.hbsc.org for more detail.
This document, through a series of slides, presents selected headline findings for Wales from the
2013/14 study and where available, trends through time. It is anticipated that further publications will
follow.
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Research design (1)
Methods
• A survey of 9,055 secondary school children (aged 11-16 in school years 7 to 11) in Wales was
carried out through interviewer administered paper self-completion sessions in class.
• The methods used follow the HBSC international research protocol which ensures consistent survey
administration over time and throughout all participating countries.
• Fieldwork for the study was conducted between November 2013 and March 2014.
Sampling
• The sampling frame was a complete list of all maintained and independent schools in Wales, but
excluded special schools and sixth form colleges.
• The sampling frame was stratified by local authority and proportion of pupils eligible for free school
meals. In total,181 schools were sampled with probability proportionate to the school register.
• Disproportionate stratification was used to allow larger sample sizes in smaller local University HBs.
• Within each school, interviewers randomly selected one mixed ability class group for each of the five
curriculum years to provide a representative sample of secondary school pupils.
• Overall, 82 schools participated in the 2013/14 HBSC study. As four schools from the initial sample
of 181 were ineligible to take part, the school-level response rate was 46%. The response rate was
lower than in previous waves of the study.
• 9,055 completed questionnaires were obtained from pupils (a pupil-level response rate of 91%). On
average 24 pupils per class were interviewed.
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Research design (2)
Data analysis and editing
• Completed questionnaires were scanned electronically and then verified by a series of data checks.
Ipsos MORI followed the standard data edits as specified in the HBSC protocol.
• For open-ended questions the coding team at Ipsos MORI Data Capture, in consultation with the
research team, created a new series of response codes.
Data weighting
Two types of weights were applied to the results:
• Design weights to correct for disproportionate stratification by LHB when sampling schools, as well
as non-equal chances of selection of pupils caused by varying numbers of classes per year group,
and varying class sizes.
• Non-response weights to correct for different levels of response among particular groups.
Full details on the methods used can be found in the accompanying Technical Report.
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Strengths and limitations of the data
• The data in this report are based on a representative sample of 9,055 11 to 16 year olds across Wales. By the
standards of survey research this is a very large sample, allowing us to report with some confidence on the
behaviour of pupils of different age/sex groups, affluence levels and local University HB areas.
• A consistent methodology has been used across all waves of the research. This means we can be confident
that any changes observed in the data over time are likely to be due to real changes in the population’s
behaviour rather than changes in the way the survey is run or the way questions are asked.
• The study methodology is consistently applied across all participating countries which means that comparisons
can also be made with other countries. An international comparative report will be published during 2016.
• The use of self-reported surveys administered in schools under examination conditions is particularly
appropriate for the nature of the questions asked, with previous research finding that young people are most
likely to report risky/sensitive behaviours accurately with this methodology. However, there is still a possibility
that some respondents give socially acceptable, rather than accurate, responses.
• It is increasingly difficult to engage schools in this type of research. The school-level response rate for this
study was 46%, which means there is a chance that the type of school (and by extension, the type of pupils)
participating in the research is not completely representative of all schools (pupils) in Wales. Every effort is
made to encourage response and weighting has been applied to the data to correct for any observable
differences in the types of schools and pupils participating compared with the population. However, weighting
can only correct for characteristics that we hold population profile data about. The findings may therefore be
subject to non-response bias if there are important differences in the way pupils in participating and non-
participating schools would have responded to the survey questionnaire that we have been unable to control
for by weighting.
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Notes for the reader (1)
• This 2013/14 HBSC summary report focuses on key indicators of health or health behaviour in
young people in Wales under the following headings: social context of health; health outcomes;
health behaviours; and risk behaviours.
• For each indicator, results are presented by: gender; school year; family affluence; and local
University HB (LHB). The HBSC Family Affluence Scale (FAS) has been employed to estimate
young people's socio-economic status, based on a set of questions which measure the material
conditions of the household in which young people live. FAS 1 indicates low affluence households,
FAS 2 medium affluence and FAS 3 high affluence households. See note on FAS in the technical
annex at the end of the report.
• All local University HBs (LHBs) in Wales, with the exception of Powys Teaching, are University HBs.
Throughout this report shortened names are used to guide the reader, as set out below:
- Abertawe Bro Morgannwg University HB also shown as Abertawe Bro Morgannwg
- Aneurin Bevan University HB also shown as Aneurin Bevan
- Betsi Cadwaladr University HB also shown as Betsi Cadwaladr
- Cardiff & Vale University HB also shown as Cardiff & Vale
- Cwm Taf University HB also shown Cwm Taf
- Hywel Dda University HB also shown as Hywel Dda
- Powys Teaching HB also shown as Powys.
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Notes for the reader (2)
• Charts are based on all respondents, unless otherwise stated.
• Although the data are broken down by gender, school year and FAS for each indicator, the
supporting commentary will only comment upon differences which are statistically significant, having
taken into account the complex sample design and weighting. Notes underneath each chart indicate
where there is a statistically significant association.
• Where the number of respondents in a particular subgroup is less than 100, data are not presented
(e.g. age at which Year 11 students first got drunk by gender within FAS).
• Any proportions that are greater than 0 but less than 0.5% are denoted as ‘*’.
• Note that 2013/14 data are based on school years 7 to 11, while 2014 trend data use only school
years 7, 9 and 11 to be consistent with the data that are available for earlier waves of the study.
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Notes for the reader (3)
• Where available, trend data is presented for key HBSC variables. Each trend line is based on the years for
which data are available during the period 1986-2014. There are sometimes gaps in the trend data, where
data are unavailable or are not comparable.
• As HBSC was only administered to pupils in years 7, 9 and 11 in previous waves, all data presented in trend
charts are based on responses from pupils in school years 7, 9 and 11 to provide an accurate indication of
change over time. As data for previous waves of HBSC were weighted and prepared slightly differently for
the trends analysis there may be minor deviations in the figures presented in this report when compared with
figures previously published in international HBSC reports.
• Trend charts show trends for gender, gender within year group, and an ‘overall’ measure (for years 7, 9 and
11). The significance of trends was measured by comparing the findings for the start and end-point of each
trend line.
• There have been changes in the timing of the fieldwork of HBSC over time which may affect responses to
some variables. For example, items measuring liking school and bullying may be influenced by year 7 pupils
having been in school for different periods of time before completing the survey. Fieldwork dates and mean
ages for each survey year are provided below.
1986: March 1986 (mean ages 12.1, 14.1 and 16.1).
1990: March to April 1990 (mean ages 12.1, 14.0 and 16.0).
1994: January 1994 (mean ages 11.9, 13.9 and 15.9).
1998: February to March 1998 (mean ages 11.9, 13.9 and 15.9).
2002: February to March 2002 (mean ages 12.0, 14.0 and 16.0).
2006: January to March 2006 (mean ages 12.0, 14.0 and 16.0).
2010: October 2009 to January 2010 (mean ages 11.7, 13.7 and 15.7).
2014: November 2013 to March 2014 (mean ages 11.8, 13.8 and 15.8).
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Key Findings – Health Behaviours
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How often do you usually have breakfast (more than a glass of milk or fruit
juice) on weekdays?
Boys, Year 7-8 pupils, and young people from more affluent backgrounds are most likely to eat breakfast every weekday
20%
6%
7%
8% 5%
55%
Never One day Two days
Three days Four days Five days
Base: All respondents aged 11 to 16 who gave an answer, surveyed between November 2013 and March 2014 (8,974) Source: Ipsos MORI
55%
63%
48%
66%
60%
52%
50%
51%
49%
50%
59%
Total
Male
Female
Year 7
Year 8
Year 9
Year 10
Year 11
FAS 1 (LOW)
FAS 2 (MED)
FAS 3 (HIGH)
% eating breakfast 5 days a week
There is a statistically significant relationship between eating breakfast 5 days a
week and the following variables: Gender, Year Group, FAS
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How often do you usually have breakfast (more than a glass of milk or fruit
juice) on weekdays?
70 68
60 60 59
61 52
42 40 43
0
20
40
60
80
100
Year 7 Year 8 Year 9 Year 10 Year 11
Source: Ipsos MORI
% Girls
% Boys
Girls of all backgrounds eat breakfast less frequently than boys; girls’ breakfast eating falls steadily from Years 7-10
58 58 67
39 42 51
FAS 1 (LOW) FAS 2 (MED) FAS 3 (HIGH)
% Boys % Girls
% eating breakfast five days a week
Base: All respondents aged 11 to 16 who gave an answer, surveyed between November 2013 and March 2014 (8,974)
There is a statistically significant relationship between eating breakfast 5 days a week and the following variables: Girls’ Age,
Gender within FAS 1, Gender within FAS 2, Gender within FAS 3, FAS within boys, FAS within girls
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57%
Betsi Cadwaladr
University HB
Powys Teaching HB
Cwm Taf
University HB
Abertawe Bro Morgannwg University HB
Hwyel Dda University HB
Cardiff & Vale University HB
Aneurin Bevan
University HB
How often do you usually have breakfast (more than a glass of milk or fruit
juice) on weekdays?
Eating habits by LHB: Breakfast
% eating breakfast five days a week
Source: Ipsos MORI Base: All respondents aged 11 to 16 who gave an answer, surveyed between November 2013 and March 2014 (8,974)
63%
50%
53%
51%
63%
57%
Boys Girls
Abertawe Bro Morgannwg
65% 49%
Aneurin Bevan 57% 45%
Betsi Cadwaladr 64% 50%
Cardiff & Vale 62% 42%
Cwm Taf 61% 42%
Hwyel Dda 70% 56%
Powys 69% 56%
Welsh
Average
55%
There is a statistically significant relationship between eating breakfast five days a
week and LHB
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How often do you usually have breakfast (more than a glass of milk or fruit
juice) on weekdays?
There has been no significant change in the proportions of
young people eating breakfast every day of the week
55
58 56 56
62 64
60 62
47
52 52 49
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
1986 1990 1994 1998 2002 2006 2010 2014
All
Boys
Girls
% breakfast 5 days a week
Base: All responding pupils in years 7, 9, 11: 4,059 (2002); 4,366 (2006); 5,420 (2010); 5,349 (2014)
‘Breakfast 5 days a week’ defined as young people who usually have breakfast on all five week days.
Source: Welsh Government/
Ipsos MORI
2002 figures are NOT significantly different to 2014 figures (based on total sample)
1986-1998 data not comparable
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How often do you usually have breakfast (more than a glass of milk or fruit
juice) on weekdays?
Trends in breakfast eating: Girls
47
52 52 49
59 63
68
61
44
47 49
42
38
46
40
43
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
1986 1990 1994 1998 2002 2006 2010 2014
All girls
Girl Y7
Girl Y9
Girl Y11
% breakfast 5 days a week
Base: All responding pupils in years 7, 9, 11: 4,059 (2002); 4,366 (2006); 5,420 (2010); 5,349 (2014)
Base sizes for age/year group cells are at least 572
Source: Welsh Government/
Ipsos MORI
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How often do you usually have breakfast (more than a glass of milk or fruit
juice) on weekdays?
Trends in breakfast eating: Boys
62
64 60
62 64
70 68 69
63 67
57 60
58 57 56 58
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
1986 1990 1994 1998 2002 2006 2010 2014
All boys
Boy Y7
Boy Y9
Boy Y11
% breakfast 5 days a week
Base: All responding pupils in years 7, 9, 11: 4,059 (2002); 4,366 (2006); 5,420 (2010); 5,349 (2014)
Base sizes for age/year group cells are at least 572
Source: Welsh Government/
Ipsos MORI
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How many times a week do you usually eat fruit?
Girls, younger pupils and those from the most affluent backgrounds are most likely to eat fruit daily
5% 7%
12%
32% 14%
15%
16%
Never Less once a week
Once a week 2-4 days a week
5-6 days a week Once daily
More than once daily
Base: All respondents aged 11 to 16 who gave an answer, surveyed between November 2013 and March 2014 (9,030) Source: Ipsos MORI
31%
29%
32%
36%
33%
31%
28%
26%
26%
27%
33%
Total
Male
Female
Year 7
Year 8
Year 9
Year 10
Year 11
FAS 1 (LOW)
FAS 2 (MED)
FAS 3 (HIGH)
% eating fruit once a day or more
There is a statistically significant relationship between eating fruit once a day or
more and the following variables: Gender, Year Group, FAS
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Base: All respondents aged 11 to 16 who gave an answer, surveyed between November 2013 and March 2014 (9,030) Source: Ipsos MORI
% eating fruit once a day or more
How many times a week do you usually eat fruit?
Rates of eating fruit decline with age for both boys and girls
34 31
32
25 25
38 35
30 30
28
0
10
20
30
40
50
Year 7 Year 8 Year 9 Year 10 Year 11
30 25
31 23
28 35
FAS 1 (LOW) FAS 2 (MED) FAS 3 (HIGH)
% Boys % Girls% Girls
% Boys
There is a statistically significant relationship between eating fruit once a day or more and the
following variables: Boys’ Age, Girls’ Age, Gender within FAS 3, FAS within boys, FAS within girls
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How many times a week do you usually eat fruit?
Base: All respondents aged 11 to 16 who gave an answer, surveyed between November 2013 and March 2014 (9,030) Source: Ipsos MORI
Eating habits by LHB: Fruit
% eating fruit once a day or more 33%
Betsi Cadwaladr
University HB
Powys Teaching HB
Abertawe Bro Morgannwg University HB
Hwyel Dda University HB
Cardiff & Vale University HB
Aneurin Bevan
University HB
33%
29%
25%
33%
33%
30%
Boys Girls
Abertawe Bro Morgannwg
29% 30%
Aneurin Bevan 29% 28%
Betsi Cadwaladr 30% 35%
Cardiff & Vale 32% 33%
Cwm Taf 22% 28%
Hwyel Dda 30% 36%
Powys 28% 39%
Welsh
Average
31%
There is a statistically significant relationship between eating fruit once a day or more
and LHB
Cwm Taf
University HB
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How many times a week do you usually eat fruit?
The proportion of young people eating fruit every day has
dropped 2006-2014
23
35 31
31
20
31 29 30
26
38
34 32
0
10
20
30
40
50
1986 1990 1994 1998 2002 2006 2010 2014
All
Boys
Girls
% fruit once a day or more
Base: All responding pupils in years 7, 9, 11: 4,009 (2002); 4,399 (2006); 5,420 (2010); 5,349 (2014)
‘Fruit once a day or more’ defined as those who say they eat fruit once a day, every day or more than once a day.
Source: Welsh Government/
Ipsos MORI
2002 figures are significantly different to 2014 figures (based on total sample)
1986-1998 data not comparable
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How many times a week do you usually eat fruit?
Trends in eating fruit: Girls
26
38
34 32 32
42
37 39
24
37
33 30
23
36
31
27
0
10
20
30
40
50
1986 1990 1994 1998 2002 2006 2010 2014
All girls
Girl Y7
Girl Y9
Girl Y11
% fruit once a day or more
Base: All responding pupils in years 7, 9, 11: 4,009 (2002); 4,399 (2006); 5,420 (2010); 5,349 (2014)
Base sizes for age/year group cells are at least 572
Source: Welsh Government/
Ipsos MORI
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How many times a week do you usually eat fruit?
Trends in eating fruit: Boys
20
31 29
30 23
34 34 34
19
30 29
31
20
30
24 25
0
10
20
30
40
50
1986 1990 1994 1998 2002 2006 2010 2014
All boys
Boy Y7
Boy Y9
Boy Y11
% fruit once a day or more
Base: All responding pupils in years 7, 9, 11: 4,009 (2002); 4,399 (2006); 5,420 (2010); 5,349 (2014)
Base sizes for age/year group cells are at least 572
Source: Welsh Government/
Ipsos MORI
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How many times a week do you usually eat vegetables?
More girls than boys report eating vegetables daily as do young people from the most affluent families
5% 4%
11%
27%
21%
15%
17%
Never Less once a week
Once a week 2-4 days a week
5-6 days a week Once daily
More than once daily
Base: All respondents aged 11 to 16 who gave an answer, surveyed between November 2013 and March 2014 (9,028) Source: Ipsos MORI
33%
31%
35%
32%
36%
34%
33%
28%
23%
28%
36%
Total
Male
Female
Year 7
Year 8
Year 9
Year 10
Year 11
FAS 1 (LOW)
FAS 2 (MED)
FAS 3 (HIGH)
% eating veg once a day or more
There is a statistically significant relationship between eating vegetables once a
day or more and the following variables: Gender, Year Group, FAS
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Base: All respondents aged 11 to 16 who gave an answer, surveyed between November 2013 and March 2014 (9,028) Source: Ipsos MORI
% eating veg once a day or more
How many times a week do you usually eat vegetables?
Among the most affluent families, girls are more likely than boys to eat vegetables daily
30 32 33 30 28
34
40
34 37
28
0
10
20
30
40
50
Year 7 Year 8 Year 9 Year 10 Year 11
23 26
34
23 29
39
FAS 1 (LOW) FAS 2 (MED) FAS 3 (HIGH)
% Boys % Girls
% Girls
% Boys
There is a statistically significant relationship between eating vegetables once a day or more and
the following variables: Girls’ Age, Gender within FAS 3, FAS within boys, FAS within girls
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How many times a week do you usually eat vegetables?
Base: All respondents aged 11 to 16 who gave an answer, surveyed between November 2013 and March 2014 (9,028) Source: Ipsos MORI
Eating habits by LHB: Vegetables
% eating veg once a day or more 36%
Betsi Cadwaladr
University HB
Powys Teaching
HB
Abertawe Bro Morgannwg University HB
Hwyel Dda University HB
Cardiff & Vale University HB
Aneurin Bevan
University HB
43%
27% 19%
32%
42%
34%
Boys Girls
Abertawe Bro Morgannwg
32% 35%
Aneurin Bevan 28% 27%
Betsi Cadwaladr 33% 38%
Cardiff & Vale 30% 33%
Cwm Taf 18% 19%
Hwyel Dda 36% 49%
Powys 41% 47%
Welsh
Average
33%
There is a statistically significant relationship eating vegetables once a day
or more and LHB
Cwm Taf
University HB
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How many times a week do you usually eat vegetables?
The proportions of young people eating vegetables on a
daily basis have remained consistent, 2006-2014
22
31 31 31
20
30 29
30 24
33 33 32
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
1986 1990 1994 1998 2002 2006 2010 2014
All
Boys
Girls
% veg once a day or more
Base: All responding pupils in years 7, 9, 11: 3,943 (2002); 4,399 (2006); 5,475 (2010); 5,337 (2014)
‘Veg once a day or more’ defined as those who say they eat vegetables once a day, every day or more than once a day.
Source: Welsh Government/
Ipsos MORI
2002 figures are NOT significantly different to 2014 figures (based on total sample)
1986-1998 data not comparable
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How many times a week do you usually eat vegetables?
Trends in eating vegetables: Girls
24
33 33
32
23
33
33 34
22
32
35 35
26
35
32 28
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
1986 1990 1994 1998 2002 2006 2010 2014
All girls
Girl Y7
Girl Y9
Girl Y11
% veg once a day or more
Base: All responding pupils in years 7, 9, 11: 3,943 (2002); 4,399 (2006); 5,475 (2010); 5,337 (2014)
Base sizes for age/year group cells are at least 572
Source: Welsh Government/
Ipsos MORI
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How many times a week do you usually eat vegetables?
Trends in eating vegetables: Boys
20
30 29
30
19
28 27
29
19
28
30
33
22
32 30
27
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
1986 1990 1994 1998 2002 2006 2010 2014
All boys
Boy Y7
Boy Y9
Boy Y11
% veg once a day or more
Base: All responding pupils in years 7, 9, 11: 3,943 (2002); 4,399 (2006); 5,475 (2010); 5,337 (2014)
Base sizes for age/year group cells are at least 572
Source: Welsh Government/
Ipsos MORI
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How many times a week do you usually drink coke or other soft drinks that
contain sugar?
One in five young people drink sugary soft drinks at least daily, more so from less affluent backgrounds
8%
16%
16%
25%
14%
9%
12%
Never Less once a week
Once a week 2-4 days a week
5-6 days a week Once daily
More than once daily
Base: All respondents aged 11 to 16 who gave an answer, surveyed between November 2013 and March 2014 (9,027) Source: Ipsos MORI
21%
22%
20%
19%
21%
25%
19%
21%
28%
25%
18%
Total
Male
Female
Year 7
Year 8
Year 9
Year 10
Year 11
FAS 1 (LOW)
FAS 2 (MED)
FAS 3 (HIGH)
% drinking sugary drinks once a day or more
There is a statistically significant relationship between drinking sugary drinks daily or more and the
following variables: Year Group, FAS
32
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Base: All respondents aged 11 to 16 who gave an answer, surveyed between November 2013 and March 2014 (9,027) Source: Ipsos MORI
% drinking sugary drinks once a day or more
How many times a week do you usually drink coke or other soft drinks that
contain sugar?
Daily consumption of sugary drinks for girls and boys varies by age and family affluence
20 21 24 20
23
18 21
26
19 18
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Year 7 Year 8 Year 9 Year 10 Year 11
27 23
20
29 26
16
FAS 1 (LOW) FAS 2 (MED) FAS 3 (HIGH)
% Boys % Girls
% Girls
% Boys
There is a statistically significant relationship between drinking sugary drinks daily and
the following variables: Girls’ Age, Gender within FAS 3, FAS within girls
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How many times a week do you usually drink coke or other drinks that contain
sugar?
Base: All respondents aged 11 to 16 who gave an answer, surveyed between November 2013 and March 2014 (9,027) Source: Ipsos MORI
Drinking habits by LHB: Sugary drinks
19%
Betsi Cadwaladr
University HB
Powys Teaching
HB
Abertawe Bro Morgannwg University HB
Hwyel Dda University HB
Cardiff & Vale University HB
Aneurin Bevan
University HB
14%
25%
32%
22%
12%
19%
Boys Girls
Abertawe Bro Morgannwg
20% 19%
Aneurin Bevan 25% 26%
Betsi Cadwaladr 22% 17%
Cardiff & Vale 21% 22%
Cwm Taf 32% 31%
Hwyel Dda 14% 10%
Powys 13% 14%
% drinking sugary drinks once a day or more Welsh
Average
21%
There is a statistically significant relationship between drinking sugary drinks once a
day or more and LHB
Cwm Taf
University HB
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How many times a week do you usually drink energy drinks (such as Red Bull,
Monster, Rockstar)?
Half of the young people surveyed never drink energy drinks; just one in twenty say they do so at least once a day
50%
22%
10%
9% 4%
2% 3%
Never Less once a week
Once a week 2-4 days a week
5-6 days a week Once daily
More than once daily
Base: All respondents aged 11 to 16 who gave an answer, surveyed between November 2013 and March 2014 (9,028) Source: Ipsos MORI
5%
7%
4%
5%
6%
6%
5%
6%
7%
7%
5%
Total
Male
Female
Year 7
Year 8
Year 9
Year 10
Year 11
FAS 1 (LOW)
FAS 2 (MED)
FAS 3 (HIGH)
% drinking energy drinks once a day or more
There is a statistically significant relationship between drinking energy drinks once
a day or more often and the following variables: FAS, Gender
35
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Base: All respondents aged 11 to 16 who gave an answer, surveyed between November 2013 and March 2014 (9,028) Source: Ipsos MORI
% drink energy drinks once a day or more
How many times a week do you usually drink energy drinks (such as Red Bull,
Monster, Rockstar)?
In all year groups, and in moderate / high affluence families, boys drink energy drinks more regularly than girls
6
8
7
6
8
3
5 5
3
4
0
2
4
6
8
10
Year 7 Year 8 Year 9 Year 10 Year 11
8 9 6 6 5
3
FAS 1 (LOW) FAS 2 (MED) FAS 3 (HIGH)
% Boys % Girls
% Girls
% Boys
There is a statistically significant relationship between drinking energy drinks once a day or more
often and the following variables: Gender within FAS 3, Gender within FAS 2, FAS within girls
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How many times a week do you usually drink energy drinks (such as Red Bull,
Monster, Rockstar)?
Base: All respondents aged 11 to 16 who gave an answer, surveyed between November 2013 and March 2014 (9,028) Source: Ipsos MORI
% drinking energy drinks once a day or more
Drinking habits by LHB: Energy drinks
5%
Betsi Cadwaladr
University HB
Powys Teaching
HB
Abertawe Bro Morgannwg University HB
Hwyel Dda University HB
Cardiff & Vale University HB
Aneurin Bevan
University HB
3%
6% 9%
6%
3%
5%
Boys Girls
Abertawe Bro Morgannwg
7% 2%
Aneurin Bevan 8% 4%
Betsi Cadwaladr 7% 4%
Cardiff & Vale 6% 6%
Cwm Taf 10% 7%
Hwyel Dda 5% 2%
Powys 4% 1%
Welsh
Average
5%
There is a statistically significant relationship between drinking energy
drinks once a day or more and LHB
Cwm Taf
University HB
37
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How many times a week do you usually eat sweets (candy or chocolate)?
A quarter of young people eat sweets once a day or more; a finding that holds for gender, year group and FAS
2% 8%
15%
33%
18%
13%
12%
Never Less once a week
Once a week 2-4 days a week
5-6 days a week Once daily
More than once daily
Base: All respondents aged 11 to 16 who gave an answer, surveyed between November 2013 and March 2014 (9,029) Source: Ipsos MORI
24%
23%
25%
22%
25%
27%
25%
23%
24%
25%
24%
Total
Male
Female
Year 7
Year 8
Year 9
Year 10
Year 11
FAS 1 (LOW)
FAS 2 (MED)
FAS 3 (HIGH)
% eating sweets once a day or more
There is a statistically significant relationship between eating sweets once a day
or more and the following variables: Gender
38
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Base: All respondents aged 11 to 16 who gave an answer, surveyed between November 2013 and March 2014 (9,029) Source: Ipsos MORI
% eating sweets once a day or more
How many times a week do you usually eat sweets (candy or chocolate)?
The proportion eating sweets on a daily basis are broadly similar by age, gender and FAS
20 22
25
25
23 23
28 29
25 23
0
10
20
30
40
50
Year 7 Year 8 Year 9 Year 10 Year 11
22 24 23 26 26 25
FAS 1 (LOW) FAS 2 (MED) FAS 3 (HIGH)
% Boys % Girls% Girls
% Boys
There is not a statistically significant relationship between eating sweets once a
day or more and any of the above variables
39
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How many times a week do you usually eat sweets (candy or chocolate)?
Base: All respondents aged 11 to 16 who gave an answer, surveyed between November 2013 and March 2014 (9,029) Source: Ipsos MORI
Eating habits by LHB: Sweets
% eating sweets once a day or more 24%
Betsi Cadwaladr
University HB
Powys Teaching
HB
Abertawe Bro Morgannwg University HB
Hwyel Dda University HB
Cardiff & Vale University HB
Aneurin Bevan
University HB
18%
28%
26%
27%
18%
23%
Boys Girls
Abertawe Bro Morgannwg
24% 23%
Aneurin Bevan 26% 29%
Betsi Cadwaladr 23% 24%
Cardiff & Vale 26% 28%
Cwm Taf 23% 30%
Hwyel Dda 17% 19%
Powys 18% 18%
Welsh
Average
24%
There is a statistically significant relationship between eating sweets once
a day or more and LHB
Cwm Taf
University HB
40
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How often do you brush your teeth?
Three-quarters of young people brush their teeth more than once a day;
a figure that is higher among girls and those in high affluence groups
2%
0.5%
0.3%
More than once a day Once a day
Once a week Less than weekly
Never
75% 22%
Base: All respondents aged 11 to 16 who gave an answer, surveyed between November 2013 and March 2014 (8,977) Source: Ipsos MORI
75%
66%
84%
73%
75%
73%
76%
77%
70%
71%
78%
Total
Male
Female
Year 7
Year 8
Year 9
Year 10
Year 11
FAS 1 (LOW)
FAS 2 (MED)
FAS 3 (HIGH)
% brush teeth more than once a day
There is a statistically significant relationship between brushing teeth more than
once a day and the following variables: Gender, FAS
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Base: All respondents aged 11 to 16 who gave an answer, surveyed between November 2013 and March 2014 (8,977) Source: Ipsos MORI
% brush teeth more than once a day
How often do you brush your teeth?
Girls across all affluence groups are more likely to brush their teeth more than once a day than boys
67 67 64 66 67
79 84 83 86
86
0
20
40
60
80
100
Year 7 Year 8 Year 9 Year 10 Year 11
61 61 70
78 81 86
FAS 1 (LOW) FAS 2 (MED) FAS 3 (HIGH)
% Boys % Girls
% Girls
% Boys
There is a statistically significant relationship between brushing teeth more than once a week and the following variables: Girls’
Age, Gender within FAS 1, Gender within FAS 2, Gender within FAS 3, FAS within boys, FAS within girls
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How often do you brush your teeth?
Base: All respondents aged 11 to 16 who gave an answer, surveyed between November 2013 and March 2014 (8,977) Source: Ipsos MORI
Dental hygiene by LHB
% brush teeth more than once a day 74%
Betsi Cadwaladr
University HB
Powys Teaching
HB
Abertawe Bro Morgannwg University HB
Hwyel Dda University HB
Cardiff & Vale University HB
Aneurin Bevan
University HB
68%
76% 72%
79%
72%
76%
Boys Girls
Abertawe Bro Morgannwg
71% 81%
Aneurin Bevan 67% 83%
Betsi Cadwaladr 65% 85%
Cardiff & Vale 72% 87%
Cwm Taf 63% 84%
Hwyel Dda 61% 82%
Powys 59% 79%
Welsh
Average
75%
There is not a statistically significant relationship between brushing teeth once a day
or more and LHB
Cwm Taf
University HB
43
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How often do you brush your teeth?
There has been an increase in the proportion of young
people who brush their teeth more than once a day
61 63 63
67 67 70 71
74
50 54 55
58 58
63 64 66
72 73 73
76 77 78
80 82
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
1986 1990 1994 1998 2002 2006 2010 2014
All
Boys
Girls
% brush teeth more than once a day
Base: All responding pupils in years 7, 9, 11: 6,178 (1986); 6,513 (1990); 3,775 (1994); 4,053 (1998); 4,086 (2002); 4,391 (2006); 5,454 (2010); 5,317 (2014)
Source: Welsh Government/
Ipsos MORI
1986 figures are significantly different to 2014 figures (based on total sample)
44
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How often do you brush your teeth?
Dental hygiene: Girls
72 73 73 76 77 78 80 82
65 66 65
72 72 75
72
78 71 72 73
75 78 78
83 83 79 80 81 81 81 82 85 85
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
1986 1990 1994 1998 2002 2006 2010 2014
All girls
Girl Y7
Girl Y9
Girl Y11
% brush teeth more than once a day
Base: All responding pupils in years 7, 9, 11: 6,178 (1986); 6,513 (1990); 3,775 (1994); 4,053 (1998); 4,086 (2002); 4,391 (2006); 5,454 (2010); 5,317 (2014)
Base sizes for age/year group cells are at least 546
Source: Welsh Government/
Ipsos MORI
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How often do you brush your teeth?
Dental hygiene: Boys
50 54 55 58
58
63 64 66
48
52 52
57 58 61 61
67
50 50
53 56 58
62 64 64 53
58 59 60 58
65 65 66
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
1986 1990 1994 1998 2002 2006 2010 2014
All boys
Boy Y7
Boy Y9
Boy Y11
% brush teeth more than once a day
Source: Welsh Government/
Ipsos MORI
Base: All responding pupils in years 7, 9, 11: 6,178 (1986); 6,513 (1990); 3,775 (1994); 4,053 (1998); 4,086 (2002); 4,391 (2006); 5,454 (2010); 5,317 (2014)
Base sizes for age/year group cells are at least 546
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Over the past 7 days, on how many days were you physically active for a total
of at least 60 minutes per day?
One in seven young people report being physically active every day in the last week; girls are less active than boys
4% 7%
14%
18% 18%
15%
10%
15%
0 days
1 days
2 days
3 days
4 days
5 days
6 days
7 days
Base: All respondents aged 11 to 16 who gave an answer, surveyed between November 2013 and March 2014 (8,931) Source: Ipsos MORI
15%
20%
11%
21%
15%
16%
13%
12%
15%
13%
17%
Total
Male
Female
Year 7
Year 8
Year 9
Year 10
Year 11
FAS 1 (LOW)
FAS 2 (MED)
FAS 3 (HIGH)
% physically active for 60 minutes every day in past 7 days
There is a statistically significant relationship between being active every day in the
past 7 days: Gender,Year Group, FAS
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Base: All respondents aged 11 to 16 who gave an answer, surveyed between November 2013 and March 2014 (8,931) Source: Ipsos MORI
% physically active 60 minutes a day every day
Over the past 7 days, on how many days were you physically active for a total
of at least 60 minutes per day?
Across all age groups and FAS grades boys are more likely to exercise regularly than girls; rates of activity decline with age
27
20 20 18
17
15
11 13
8 8
0
10
20
30
40
Year 7 Year 8 Year 9 Year 10 Year 11
18 17 22
13 9 11
FAS 1 (LOW) FAS 2 (MED) FAS 3 (HIGH)
% Boys % Girls
% Girls
% Boys
There is a statistically significant relationship between being active every day in the past 7 days and the following
variables: Boys’ Age, Girls’ Age, Gender within FAS 2, Gender within FAS 3, FAS within boys
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Over the past 7 days, on how many days were you physically active for a total
of at least 60 minutes per day?
Base: All respondents aged 11 to 16 who gave an answer, surveyed between November 2013 and March 2014 (8,931) Source: Ipsos MORI
Participation rates in exercise by LHB
% physically active 60 minutes a
day every day 17%
Betsi Cadwaladr
University HB
Powys Teaching
HB
Abertawe Bro Morgannwg University HB
Hwyel Dda University HB
Cardiff & Vale University HB
Aneurin Bevan
University HB
17%
15%
16%
15%
16%
14%
Boys Girls
Abertawe Bro Morgannwg
18% 9%
Aneurin Bevan 21% 10%
Betsi Cadwaladr 22% 11%
Cardiff & Vale 19% 12%
Cwm Taf 18% 13%
Hwyel Dda 21% 11%
Powys 22% 10%
Welsh
Average
15%
There is not a statistically significant relationship between being physically
active 7 days out of the last 7 and LHB
Cwm Taf
University HB
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Over the past 7 days on how many days were you physically active for a total
of at least 60 minutes per day?
Participation in physical activity are no different in 2014 than 2002.
Boys are consistently more likely than girls to be physically active
17
21
19
16
21
28
23
21
12
14 14
12
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
1986 1990 1994 1998 2002 2006 2010 2014
All
Boys
Girls
% physically active on 7 days
Base: All responding pupils in years 7, 9, 11: 4,049 (2002); 4,326 (2006); 5,370 (2010); 5,280 (2014)
‘’Physically active 7 days’ defined as those who were physically active for at least 60 minutes per day on all 7 days of the previous 7 days
Source: Welsh Government/
Ipsos MORI
2002 figures are NOT significantly different to 2014 figures (based on total sample)
1986-1998 data not comparable
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Over the past 7 days on how many days were you physically active for a total
of at least 60 minutes per day?
Participation rates in exercise: Girls
12
14 14
12
16
21 21
15
12
12 12
12
7
9 10
23
0
5
10
15
20
25
1986 1990 1994 1998 2002 2006 2010 2014
All girls
Girl Y7
Girl Y9
Girl Y11
% physically active on 7 days
Base: All responding pupils in years 7, 9, 11: 4,049 (2002); 4,326 (2006); 5,370 (2010); 5,280 (2014)
Base sizes for age/year group cells are at least 572
Source: Welsh Government/
Ipsos MORI
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Over the past 7 days on how many days were you physically active for a total
of at least 60 minutes per day?
Participation rates in exercise: Boys
21
28
23
21
25
36
27 26
22 27
23 20
16
22 21
16
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
1986 1990 1994 1998 2002 2006 2010 2014
All boys
Boy Y7
Boy Y9
Boy Y11
% physically active on 7 days
Base: All responding pupils in years 7, 9, 11: 4,049 (2002); 4,326 (2006); 5,370 (2010); 5,280 (2014)
Base sizes for age/year group cells are at least 572
Source: Welsh Government/
Ipsos MORI
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Key Findings – Health Outcomes
53
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BMI group
Just under one in five young people are overweight/ obese; this figure
increases among boys and those in the lowest family affluence group
82%
14%
4%
Under/normal weight Overweight Obese
Base: All respondents aged 11 to 16 surveyed between November 2013 and March 2014 (3,617) Source: Ipsos MORI
18%
21%
15%
16%
16%
17%
18%
19%
25%
20%
16%
Total
Male
Female
Year 7
Year 8
Year 9
Year 10
Year 11
FAS 1 (LOW)
FAS 2 (MED)
FAS 3 (HIGH)
% Overweight/Obese
There is a statistically significant relationship between being overweight/obese and the
following variables: FAS, Gender
Please note that BMI data is calculated
from self reported height/weight figures
and from a smaller sample size owing to
high levels of non-response so should
be treated with some caution.
54
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Base: All respondents aged 11 to 16 surveyed between November 2013 and March 2014 (3,617) Source: Ipsos MORI
% Overweight/Obese
BMI group
In all year groups, and in moderate / high affluence families, boys are more likely to be defined as overweight or obese than girls
18 18 19
23
22
15 14 15 13
16
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Year 7 Year 8 Year 9 Year 10 Year 11
23 24
19
28
16 12
FAS 1 (LOW) FAS 2 (MED) FAS 3 (HIGH)
% Boys % Girls
% Girls
% Boys
There is a statistically significant relationship between being overweight/obese and the following
variables: Gender within FAS 2, Gender within FAS 3, FAS within boys, FAS within girls
55
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BMI group
Base: All respondents aged 11 to 16 surveyed between November 2013 and March 2014 (3,617) Source: Ipsos MORI
Overweight/ obesity levels by LHB
% Overweight/Obese
17%
Betsi Cadwaladr
University HB
Powys Teaching
HB
Abertawe Bro Morgannwg University HB
Hwyel Dda University HB
Cardiff & Vale University HB
Aneurin Bevan
University HB
20%
18%
25%
15%
20%
16%
Boys Girls
Abertawe Bro Morgannwg
16% 16%
Aneurin Bevan 22% 14%
Betsi Cadwaladr 18% 15%
Cardiff & Vale 15% 15%
Cwm Taf 29% 17%
Hwyel Dda 26% 14%
Powys 23% 12%
19%
Welsh
Average
18%
There is not a statistically significant relationship between being
overweight/obese and LHB
Cwm Taf
University HB
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BMI Group
There is no significant change in the proportion of young people
defined as overweight/obese, 2002-2014
21 19
19 19
23
19
21 21
18 19
16 16
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
1986 1990 1994 1998 2002 2006 2010 2014
All
Boys
Girls
% overweight/obese
Base: All responding pupils in years 7, 9, 11 with plausible height and weight: 3,363 (2002); 2,928 (2006); 2,606 (2010); 2,139 (2014)
Please note that BMI data is calculated from self-reported height/ weight figures so should be treated with some caution.
Source: Welsh Government/
Ipsos MORI
2002 figures are NOT significantly different to 2014 figures (based on total sample)
1986-1998 data not available
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BMI Group
Overweight/ obesity levels: Girls
18
19
16
16
18
22
16
20
18 17
18
14
17
19
14
16
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
1986 1990 1994 1998 2002 2006 2010 2014
All girls
Girl Y7
Girl Y9
Girl Y11
% overweight/obese
Base: All responding pupils in years 7, 9, 11 with plausible height and weight: 3,363 (2002); 2,928 (2006); 2,606 (2010); 2,139 (2014)
Base sizes for age/year group cells are at least 182
Source: Welsh Government/
Ipsos MORI
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BMI Group
Overweight/ obesity levels: Boys
23
19
21 21
25
19 21
20
23
19 19 19
21
21
23 23
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
1986 1990 1994 1998 2002 2006 2010 2014
All boys
Boy Y7
Boy Y9
Boy Y11
% overweight/obese
Base: All responding pupils in years 7, 9, 11 with plausible height and weight: 3,363 (2002); 2,928 (2006); 2,606 (2010); 2,139 (2014)
Base sizes for age/year group cells are at least 182
Source: Welsh Government/
Ipsos MORI
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15%
16%
14%
16%
15%
16%
16%
13%
16%
15%
15%
Total
Male
Female
Year 7
Year 8
Year 9
Year 10
Year 11
FAS 1 (LOW)
FAS 2 (MED)
FAS 3 (HIGH)
% with long term disability
Yes
No
15%
85%
Do you have a long-term illness, disability or medical condition (like diabetes,
arthritis, allergy, or cerebral palsy) that has been diagnosed by a doctor?
One in seven young people report having been diagnosed with a long-term illness, disability or medical condition
Base: All respondents aged 11 to 16 surveyed between November 2013 and March 2014 (8,785) Source: Ipsos MORI
There is a statistically significant relationship between having a long term
disability and the following variables: Gender
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Base: All respondents aged 11 to 16 surveyed between November 2013 and March 2014 (8,785) Source: Ipsos MORI
% with long term disability
Do you have a long-term illness, disability or medical condition (like diabetes,
arthritis, allergy, or cerebral palsy) that has been diagnosed by a doctor?
Levels of long term disability are consistent across FAS classifications and age groups
17 16 17 18
13 15
14 16
14 14
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Year 7 Year 8 Year 9 Year 10 Year 11
16 16 16 16 14 14
FAS 1 (LOW) FAS 2 (MED) FAS 3 (HIGH)
% Boys % Girls
% Girls
% Boys
There is no statistically significant relationship between having a long term
disability and the characteristics shown on this slide.
61
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Do you have a long-term illness, disability or medical condition (like diabetes,
arthritis, allergy, or cerebral palsy) that has been diagnosed by a doctor?
Base: All respondents aged 11 to 16 surveyed between November 2013 and March 2014 (8,785) Source: Ipsos MORI
Long-term disability/ illness rates by LHB
% long term disability 15%
Betsi Cadwaladr
University HB
Powys Teaching
HB
Abertawe Bro Morgannwg University HB
Hwyel Dda University HB
Cardiff & Vale University HB
Aneurin Bevan
University HB
14%
16%
17%
16%
15%
13%
Boys Girls
Abertawe Bro Morgannwg
14% 12%
Aneurin Bevan 16% 16%
Betsi Cadwaladr 15% 14%
Cardiff & Vale 19% 14%
Cwm Taf 19% 14%
Hwyel Dda 15% 15%
Powys 15% 13%
Welsh
Average
15%
There is not a statistically significant relationship between having a long
term disability and LHB
Cwm Taf
University HB
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Slide 62
57%
21%
12%
5% 5%
Not last 12 months Once
2 times 3 times
4 times or more 43%
49%
38%
40%
42%
44%
50%
41%
43%
40%
45%
Total
Male
Female
Year 7
Year 8
Year 9
Year 10
Year 11
FAS 1 (LOW)
FAS 2 (MED)
FAS 3 (HIGH)
% Been injured last 12 months
During the past 12 months, how many times were you injured and had to be
treated by a doctor or nurse?
Two in five young people suffered an injury in the last year that had to be treated by a doctor or a nurse
Base: All respondents aged 11 to 16 surveyed between November 2013 and March 2014 (8,858) Source: Ipsos MORI
There is a statistically significant relationship between having one or more injury in the
last 12 months and the following variables: Gender, Year Group, FAS
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Base: All respondents aged 11 to 16 surveyed between November 2013 and March 2014 (8,858) Source: Ipsos MORI
% Been injured last 12 months
Looking across year group and FAS, boys are consistently more likely than girls to have suffered an injury
During the past 12 months, how many times were you injured and had to be
treated by a doctor or nurse?
43 46
53 56
48
37 37 36
43
35
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
Year 7 Year 8 Year 9 Year 10 Year 11
50 43
52
36 37 38
FAS 1 (LOW) FAS 2 (MED) FAS 3 (HIGH)
% Boys % Girls
% Girls
% Boys
There is a statistically significant relationship between having one or more injury in the last 12 months and the following
variables: Boys’ Age, Gender within FAS 1, Gender within FAS 2, Gender within FAS 3, FAS within boys.
64
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Base: All respondents aged 11 to 16 surveyed between November 2013 and March 2014 (8,858) Source: Ipsos MORI
Injuries suffered in the past 12 months by LHB
% Been injured last 12 months
During the past 12 months, how many times were you injured and had to be
treated by a doctor or nurse?
42% Betsi Cadwaladr
University HB
Powys Teaching
HB
Abertawe Bro Morgannwg University HB
Hwyel Dda University HB
Cardiff & Vale University HB
Aneurin Bevan
University HB
46%
43%
43%
46%
41%
44%
Boys Girls
Abertawe Bro Morgannwg
50% 39%
Aneurin Bevan 48% 40%
Betsi Cadwaladr 48% 36%
Cardiff & Vale 52% 40%
Cwm Taf 49% 35%
Hwyel Dda 50% 33%
Powys 51% 40%
Welsh
Average
43%
There is not a statistically significant relationship between being injured in
the past 12 months and LHB
Cwm Taf
University HB
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In the last 6 months how often have you had the following … ?
Three in ten young people have suffered from 2 or more health complaints more than once a week
18%
10% 11%
16%
22%
18%
26%
12%
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Health complaint suffered more than once a week
Base: All respondents aged 11 to 16 surveyed between November 2013 and March 2014 (base sizes for individual symptoms vary from 8,923 to 8,892).
For breakdowns, only those giving an answer to all 8 items are included (8,713). Source: Ipsos MORI
32%
24%
40%
25%
27%
32%
37%
38%
38%
35%
29%
Total
Male
Female
Year 7
Year 8
Year 9
Year 10
Year 11
FAS 1 (LOW)
FAS 2 (MED)
FAS 3 (HIGH)
% 2+ health complaints more than once a week
There is a statistically significant relationship between having 2+ health complaints more than once a
week in the last 6 months and the following variables: Gender, Year Group, FAS
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Base: All respondents aged 11 to 16 surveyed between November 2013 and March 2014 (9,055). For breakdowns, only those giving an
answer to all 8 items are included (8,713). Source: Ipsos MORI
% 2+ health complaints more than once a week
In the last 6 months how often have you had the following … ?
Across the board girls are more likely to report suffering from health complaints on a weekly basis
22 20 22 26
28 27 33
41 47 48
0
20
40
60
80
Year 7 Year 8 Year 9 Year 10 Year 11
28 25 22
47 45 36
FAS 1 (LOW) FAS 2 (MED) FAS 3 (HIGH)
% Boys % Girls
% Girls
% Boys
There is a statistically significant relationship between having 2 or more health complaints more than once a week for the last 6 months
and the following variables: Boys’ Age, Girls’ Age, Gender within FAS 1, Gender within FAS 2, Gender within FAS 3, FAS within girls
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In the last 6 months how often have you had the following … ?
Base: All respondents aged 11 to 16 surveyed between November 2013 and March 2014 (9,055). For breakdowns, only those giving an
answer to all 8 items are included (8,713). Source: Ipsos MORI
Proportion suffering two or more health complaints by LHB
% 2+ health complaints more
than once a week 33%
Betsi Cadwaladr
University HB
Powys Teaching
HB
Abertawe Bro Morgannwg University HB
Hwyel Dda University HB
Cardiff & Vale University HB
Aneurin Bevan
University HB
28%
33%
33%
36%
28%
28%
Boys Girls
Abertawe Bro Morgannwg
20% 35%
Aneurin Bevan 24% 40%
Betsi Cadwaladr 25% 41%
Cardiff & Vale 25% 46%
Cwm Taf 26% 42%
Hwyel Dda 22% 34%
Powys 21% 36%
Welsh
Average
31%
There is not a statistically significant relationship between having two or more health
complaints more than once a week in the last 6 months and LHB
Cwm Taf
University HB
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83%
86%
79%
89%
84%
81%
81%
78%
74%
78%
86%
Total
Male
Female
Year 7
Year 8
Year 9
Year 10
Year 11
FAS 1 (LOW)
FAS 2 (MED)
FAS 3 (HIGH)
% scoring 6 or higher on self-rated life satisfaction
*%
*%
1%
2%
4%
9%
10%
19%
26%
16%
11%
0 Worst possible life
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10 Best possible life
Total
Here is a picture of a ladder. In general, where on the ladder do you feel you
stand at the moment?
Over four in five young people rate their life satisfaction as high (6+ on a 0-10 scale)
Base: All respondents aged 11 to 16 surveyed between November 2013 and March 2014 (8,721) Source: Ipsos MORI
There is a statistically significant relationship between scoring 6 or higher on self rated
life satisfaction and the following variables: Gender, Year Group, FAS
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Base: All respondents aged 11 to 16 surveyed between November 2013 and March 2014 (8,721) Source: Ipsos MORI
% scoring 6 or higher on self-rated life satisfaction
Here is a picture of a ladder. In general, where on the ladder do you feel you
stand at the moment?
Self-rated life satisfaction decreases for girls through to Year 11 and is notably lower than boys across all FAS groups
90 87 86 86
84 88 82
75 77 73
0
20
40
60
80
100
Year 7 Year 8 Year 9 Year 10 Year 11
76 82
90
72 74 82
FAS 1 (LOW) FAS 2 (MED) FAS 3 (HIGH)
% Boys % Girls
% Girls
% Boys
There is a statistically significant relationship between scoring 6 or higher on self rated life satisfaction and the
following variables: Girls’ Age, Gender within FAS 2, Gender within FAS 3, FAS within boys, FAS within girls
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Here is a picture of a ladder. In general, where on the ladder do you feel you
stand at the moment?
Base: All respondents aged 11 to 16 surveyed between November 2013 and March 2014 (8,721) Source: Ipsos MORI
Self-rated life satisfaction by LHB
% scoring 6 or higher on self-rated
life satisfaction 84%
Betsi Cadwaladr
University HB
Powys Teaching
HB
Abertawe Bro Morgannwg University HB
Hwyel Dda University HB
Cardiff & Vale University HB
Aneurin Bevan
University HB
83%
81%
81%
82%
82%
83%
Boys Girls
Abertawe Bro Morgannwg
86% 80%
Aneurin Bevan 86% 77%
Betsi Cadwaladr 88% 81%
Cardiff & Vale 86% 79%
Cwm Taf 86% 74%
Hwyel Dda 85% 79%
Powys 85% 80%
Welsh
Average
83%
There is not a statistically significant relationship between scoring 6 or
more on life satisfaction and LHB
Cwm Taf
University HB
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Here is a picture of a ladder. In general, where on the ladder do you feel you
stand at the moment?
Overall, self-rated life satisfaction has remained at the
same level 2002-2014
84
81 83
82
89
85 86 86
79 77
79 78
60
70
80
90
100
1986 1990 1994 1998 2002 2006 2010 2014
All
Boys
Girls
% scoring 6 or higher on self-rated life satisfaction
Base: All responding pupils in years 7, 9, 11: 3,957 (2002); 4,276 (2006); 5,212 (2010); 5,141 (2014)
Young people were asked to rate their life satisfaction on a scale of 0 (worst possible life) to 10 (best possible life). Here we focus on young people who gave a score of 6
or higher Source: Welsh Government/
Ipsos MORI
2002 figures are NOT significantly different to 2014 figures (based on total sample)
1986-1998 data not comparable
72
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Here is a picture of a ladder. In general, where on the ladder do you feel you
stand at the moment?
Self-rated life satisfaction: Girls
79
77
80 78
85
82 84
87
78 76
78
75 74
73
76
72
60
70
80
90
100
1986 1990 1994 1998 2002 2006 2010 2014
All girls
Girl Y7
Girl Y9
Girl Y11
% scoring 6 or higher on self-rated life satisfaction
Base: All responding pupils in years 7, 9, 11: 3,957 (2002); 4,276 (2006); 5,212 (2010); 5,141 (2014)
Base sizes for age/year group cells are at least 572
Source: Welsh Government/
Ipsos MORI
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Here is a picture of a ladder. In general, where on the ladder do you feel you
stand at the moment?
Self-rated life satisfaction: Boys
89
85
86 86
89 86 87
90
88 85
86
86
90
86
85 84
60
70
80
90
100
1986 1990 1994 1998 2002 2006 2010 2014
All boys
Boy Y7
Boy Y9
Boy Y11
% scoring 6 or higher on self-rated life satisfaction
Base: All responding pupils in years 7, 9, 11: 3,957 (2002); 4,276 (2006); 5,212 (2010); 5,141 (2014)
Base sizes for age/year group cells are at least 572
Source: Welsh Government/
Ipsos MORI
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20%
17%
23%
11%
15%
20%
26%
26%
28%
24%
16%
Total
Male
Female
Year 7
Year 8
Year 9
Year 10
Year 11
FAS 1 (LOW)
FAS 2 (MED)
FAS 3 (HIGH)
% Fair/poor health
Would you say your health is. . . .?
The majority of young people report excellent/ good health; poor health
is more common among low affluence families and those in Years 10-11
27%
54%
17% 2%
Excellent Good Fair Poor
Base: All respondents aged 11 to 16 surveyed between November 2013 and March 2014 (8,892) Source: Ipsos MORI
There is a statistically significant relationship between rating health as fair or poor and
the following variables: Gender, Year Group, FAS
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Base: All respondents aged 11 to 16 surveyed between November 2013 and March 2014 (8,892) Source: Ipsos MORI
% Fair/poor health
Would you say your health is. . . .?
From Year 9 onwards more girls report fair/ poor health than boys and
across all FAS groups girls are more likely to report fair/ poor health
10
15
16
21 21
11 14
24
31 32
0
10
20
30
40
Year 7 Year 8 Year 9 Year 10 Year 11
22 20
14
34
28
19
FAS 1 (LOW) FAS 2 (MED) FAS 3 (HIGH)
% Boys % Girls% Girls
% Boys
There is a statistically significant relationship between rating health as fair or poor and the following variables: Boys’
Age, Girls’ Age, Gender within FAS 2, Gender within FAS 1, Gender within FAS 3, FAS within boys, FAS within girls
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Would you say your health is. . . .?
Base: All respondents aged 11 to 16 surveyed between November 2013 and March 2014 (8,892) Source: Ipsos MORI
Self-reported health status by LHB
% Fair/poor health
Boys Girls
Abertawe Bro Morgannwg
17% 17%
Aneurin Bevan 19% 25%
Betsi Cadwaladr 16% 21%
Cardiff & Vale 16% 28%
Cwm Taf 20% 25%
Hwyel Dda 13% 22%
Powys Teaching 18% 19%
18%
Betsi Cadwaladr
University HB
Powys
Teaching HB
Abertawe Bro Morgannwg University HB
Hwyel Dda University HB
Cardiff & Vale University HB
Aneurin Bevan
University HB
19%
22%
22%
22%
18%
17%
Welsh
Average
20%
There is a statistically significant relationship between having fair/poor
health and LHB
Cwm Taf
University HB
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Would you say your health is … ?
Young people today are less likely to say that their health
is fair or poor, compared with 2002
26 24
22
19 22
19 19
15
32
29
26
22
0
10
20
30
40
50
1986 1990 1994 1998 2002 2006 2010 2014
All
Boys
Girls
% Fair/poor health
Base: All responding pupils in years 7, 9, 11: 4,004 (2002); 4,355 (2006); 5,381 (2010); 5,250 (2014)
%Fair/ poor health are young people who say fair or poor, on a scale including Excellent, Good, Fair and Poor.
Source: Welsh Government/
Ipsos MORI
2002 figures are significantly different to 2014 figures (based on total sample)
1986-1998 data not comparable
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Would you say your health is … ?
Self-reported health status: Girls
32
29
26
22 23 23
19
11
32 31
27
24
41
33 32 31
0
10
20
30
40
50
1986 1990 1994 1998 2002 2006 2010 2014
All girls
Girl Y7
Girl Y9
Girl Y11
% Fair/poor health
Base: All responding pupils in years 7, 9, 11: 4,004 (2002); 4,355 (2006); 5,381 (2010); 5,250 (2014)
Base sizes for age/year group cells are at least 572
Source: Welsh Government/
Ipsos MORI
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Would you say your health is … ?
Self-reported health status: Boys
22
19 19
15
19
16 15
10
24
20 22
16
21
21 19
20
0
10
20
30
40
50
1986 1990 1994 1998 2002 2006 2010 2014
All boys
Boy Y7
Boy Y9
Boy Y11
% Fair/poor health
Base: All responding pupils in years 7, 9, 11: 4,004 (2002); 4,355 (2006); 5,381 (2010); 5,250 (2014)
Base sizes for age/year group cells are at least 572
Source: Welsh Government/
Ipsos MORI
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Version 1 | Internal/ Client use only
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Key Findings – Risk Behaviours
81
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95%
Every day Once a week
Less than once a week I don't smoke
Every day
2%
Once a week
1%
Less than
once a week
2%
4%
3%
4%
*%
1%
3%
4%
9%
4%
4%
3%
Total
Male
Female
Year 7
Year 8
Year 9
Year 10
Year 11
FAS 1 (LOW)
FAS 2 (MED)
FAS 3 (HIGH)
% Smoke at least once a week
How often do you smoke tobacco at present?
Four per cent of young people report smoking at least once a week, rising to nine per cent among Year 11 pupils
Base: All respondents aged 11 to 16 surveyed between November 2013 and March 2014 (9,029) Source: Ipsos MORI
There is a statistically significant relationship between smoking at least
once a week and the following variables: Year Group
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Base: All respondents aged 11 to 16 surveyed between November 2013 and March 2014 (9,029) Source: Ipsos MORI
% Smoke at least once a week
How often do you smoke tobacco at present?
Smoking prevalence increases as both girls and boys get older but remains consistent by family affluence
1
1 3
4
8
*
1
3
5
9
0
5
10
15
20
Year 7 Year 8 Year 9 Year 10 Year 11
4 4 3
4 5
3
FAS 1 (LOW) FAS 2 (MED) FAS 3 (HIGH)
% Boys % Girls
% Girls
% Boys
There is a statistically significant relationship between smoking at least once a
week and the following variables: Boys’ Age, Girls’ Age
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How often do you smoke tobacco at present?
Base: All respondents aged 11 to 16 surveyed between November 2013 and March 2014 (9,029) Source: Ipsos MORI
Smoking rates by LHB
% Smoke at least once a week
Boys Girls
Abertawe Bro Morgannwg
3% 3%
Aneurin Bevan 5% 5%
Betsi Cadwaladr 3% 4%
Cardiff & Vale 2% 4%
Cwm Taf 5% 5%
Hwyel Dda 3% 3%
Powys Teaching 3% 3%
4%
Betsi Cadwaladr
University HB
Powys
Teaching HB
Abertawe Bro Morgannwg University HB
Hwyel Dda University HB
Cardiff & Vale University HB
Aneurin Bevan
University HB
3%
5%
5%
3%
3%
3%
Welsh
Average
4%
There is not a statistically significant relationship between smoking
tobacco at least once a week and LHB
Cwm Taf
University HB
84
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How often do you smoke tobacco at present?
Rates of smoking have declined since 1998 amongst boys
and girls
10 10 11
13 11
10
6
3
8 8 9
10 9
7
4 3
12 12 13
16
14 13
7
4
0
10
20
30
1986 1990 1994 1998 2002 2006 2010 2014
All
Boys
Girls
% Smoke at least once a week
Base: All responding pupils in years 7, 9, 11: 6,105 (1986); 6,498 (1990); 3,893 (1994); 4,011 (1998); 4,049 (2002); 4,387 (2006); 5,447 (2010); 5,335 (2014) Source: Welsh Government/
Ipsos MORI
1986 figures are significantly different to 2014 figures
85
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How often do you smoke tobacco at present?
Smoking trends: Girls
12
12 13
14 14 13
7
4
2 2 1 3
2 1
* *
12
11
13
18
15
13
6
3
20
22
27 29
27
23
14
9
0
10
20
30
1986 1990 1994 1998 2002 2006 2010 2014
All girls
Girl Y7
Girl Y9
Girl Y11
% Smoke at least once a week
Base: All responding pupils in years 7, 9, 11: 6,105 (1986); 6,498 (1990); 3,893 (1994); 4,011 (1998); 4,049 (2002); 4,387 (2006); 5,447 (2010); 5,335 (2014) Source: Welsh Government/
Ipsos MORI
86
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How often do you smoke tobacco at present?
Smoking trends: Boys
8
8
9 10
9
7
4 3
2 2 1
2 2 1
* *
7
8
8 8 8
6
3 3
16 14
18
22
16 13
9 7
0
10
20
30
1986 1990 1994 1998 2002 2006 2010 2014
All boys
Boy Y7
Boy Y9
Boy Y11
% Smoke at least once a week
Base: All responding pupils in years 7, 9, 11: 6,105 (1986); 6,498 (1990); 3,893 (1994); 4,011 (1998); 4,049 (2002); 4,387 (2006); 5,447 (2010); 5,335 (2014) Source: Welsh Government/
Ipsos MORI
87
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At what age did you first smoke a cigarette (more than a puff)? (Year 11 only)
Two in five who have ever smoked first tried a cigarette by the age of 13;
smokers in the lowest family affluence group are more likely to start early
9% 9%
23%
28%
27%
4%
11 years or younger 12 years
13 years 14 years
15 years 16 years or older
Base: All those in year 11 who have smoked a cigarette (476) Source: Ipsos MORI
41%
43%
40%
61%
43%
38%
Total
Male
Female
FAS 1 (LOW)
FAS 2 (MED)
FAS 3 (HIGH)
% 13 years or younger
There is a statistically significant relationship between first smoking under
the age of 13 and the following variables: FAS
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Thinking about the last time you were in a car, was anybody in the car
smoking?
One in eight say that someone was smoking the last time they were in a
car; rising to almost a quarter of those in the low family affluence group
13%
81%
5%
Yes No Cannot remember
Base: All respondents aged 11 to 16 surveyed between November 2013 and March 2014 (9,006) Source: Ipsos MORI
13%
12%
15%
12%
12%
15%
14%
15%
23%
18%
10%
Total
Male
Female
Year 7
Year 8
Year 9
Year 10
Year 11
FAS 1 (LOW)
FAS 2 (MED)
FAS 3 (HIGH)
% Yes
There is a statistically significant relationship between somebody smoking the last time
in a car and the following variables: Gender, Year Group, FAS
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Base: All respondents aged 11 to 16 surveyed between November 2013 and March 2014 (9,006) Source: Ipsos MORI
% Someone smoking in the car
Thinking about the last time you were in a car, was anybody in the car
smoking?
Girls in Year group 9 and above, and across all FAS groups, are more likely to report someone was smoking in the car
12
11 12 12
13
11
13
18
15 16
0
5
10
15
20
Year 7 Year 8 Year 9 Year 10 Year 11
20 17
9
25
19
12
FAS 1 (LOW) FAS 2 (MED) FAS 3 (HIGH)
% Boys % Girls% Girls
% Boys
There is a statistically significant relationship between somebody smoking the last time in a car and
the following variables: Girls’ Age, Gender within FAS 3, FAS within boys, FAS within girls
90
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Thinking about the last time you were in a car, was anybody in the car
smoking?
Base: All respondents aged 11 to 16 surveyed between November 2013 and March 2014 (9,006) Source: Ipsos MORI
Smoking in car rates by LHB
% Someone smoking in the car
Boys Girls
Abertawe Bro Morgannwg
10% 11%
Aneurin Bevan 15% 19%
Betsi Cadwaladr 12% 15%
Cardiff & Vale 11% 13%
Cwm Taf 17% 18%
Hwyel Dda 8% 12%
Powys Teaching 12% 15%
13%
Betsi Cadwaladr
University HB
Powys
Teaching HB
Abertawe Bro Morgannwg University HB
Hwyel Dda University HB
Cardiff & Vale University HB
Aneurin Bevan
University HB
13%
18%
18%
12%
10%
10%
Welsh
Average
13%
There is not a statistically significant relationship between someone
smoking in the car during the last time in a car and LHB
Cwm Taf
University HB
91
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Have you ever used or tried electronic cigarettes (sometimes called an
‘e-cigarette’)?
One in eight young people have tried ‘e-cigarettes’, rising to just over one in five Year 11 pupils
88%
11% 2%
Never Few occasions Regularly
Base: All respondents aged 11 to 16 surveyed between November 2013 and March 2014 (8,950) Source: Ipsos MORI
12%
13%
12%
4%
7%
13%
16%
22%
12%
12%
12%
Total
Male
Female
Year 7
Year 8
Year 9
Year 10
Year 11
FAS 1 (LOW)
FAS 2 (MED)
FAS 3 (HIGH)
% Tried E-cigarettes on a few occasions/regularly
There is a statistically significant relationship between trying e-cigs on a few
occasions/ regularly and the following variables: Year Group
92
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Base: All respondents aged 11 to 16 surveyed between November 2013 and March 2014 (8,950) Source: Ipsos MORI
% Tried E-cigarettes on a few occasions/regularly
Have you ever used or tried electronic cigarettes (sometimes called an
‘e-cigarette’)?
Proportion trying or using e-cigarettes rises steadily with age for boys and girls, but there is no difference by FAS
5
7
14 16
21
2
6
11
15
23
0
10
20
30
Year 7 Year 8 Year 9 Year 10 Year 11
12 13 13 12 12 12
FAS 1 (LOW) FAS 2 (MED) FAS 3 (HIGH)
% Boys % Girls
% Girls
% Boys
There is a statistically significant relationship between trying e-cigs on a few
occasions/ regularly and the following variables: Boys’ Age, Girls’ Age
93
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Have you ever used or tried electronic cigarettes (sometimes called an
‘e-cigarette’)?
Base: All respondents aged 11 to 16 surveyed between November 2013 and March 2014 (8,950) Source: Ipsos MORI
E-cigarette use by LHB
% Tried e-cigarettes on a few
occasions/regularly
Boys Girls
Abertawe Bro Morgannwg
12% 9%
Aneurin Bevan 10% 12%
Betsi Cadwaladr 13% 13%
Cardiff & Vale 19% 17%
Cwm Taf 20% 15%
Hwyel Dda 8% 5%
Powys Teaching 8% 6%
13%
Betsi Cadwaladr
University HB
Powys
Teaching HB
Abertawe Bro Morgannwg University HB
Hwyel Dda University HB
Cardiff & Vale University HB
Aneurin Bevan
University HB
7%
11%
18%
18%
7%
11%
Welsh
Average
12%
There is a statistically significant relationship between trying e-cigarettes
and LHB
Cwm Taf
University HB
94
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At present, how often do you drink anything alcoholic such as beer, wine,
cider, alcopops or spirits?
Around one in twenty young people report drinking alcohol on a weekly basis, rising to one in seven year 11 pupils
44%
49%
5%
1%
Never Less than weekly Weekly Daily
Base: All respondents aged 11 to 16 stating an answer surveyed between November 2013 and March 2014 (9,007) Source: Ipsos MORI
6%
7%
5%
2%
2%
6%
7%
14%
3%
7%
7%
Total
Male
Female
Year 7
Year 8
Year 9
Year 10
Year 11
FAS 1 (LOW)
FAS 2 (MED)
FAS 3 (HIGH)
% Drinking alcohol at least once a week
There is a statistically significant relationship between drinking alcohol at least
once a week and the following variables: Gender, Year Group, FAS
95
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Base: All respondents aged 11 to 16 surveyed between November 2013 and March 2014 (9,007) Source: Ipsos MORI
% Alcohol at least once a week
At present, how often do you drink anything alcoholic such as beer, wine,
cider, alcopops or spirits?
Weekly drinking increases with age, and is most widespread in young people from relatively affluent families
4 3
6 7
15
1 2
5
7
13
0
5
10
15
20
Year 7 Year 8 Year 9 Year 10 Year 11
4
7 8
2
6 5
FAS 1 (LOW) FAS 2 (MED) FAS 3 (HIGH)
% Boys % Girls
% Girls
% Boys
There is a statistically significant relationship between drinking alcohol at least once a week and the following
variables: Boys’ Age, Girls’ Age, Gender within FAS 3, FAS within boys, FAS within girls
96
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At present, how often do you drink anything alcoholic such as beer, wine,
cider, alcopops or spirits?
Base: All respondents aged 11 to 16 surveyed between November 2013 and March 2014 (9,007) Source: Ipsos MORI
Alcohol consumption by LHB area
% Alcohol at least once a week
Boys Girls
Abertawe Bro Morgannwg
5% 4%
Aneurin Bevan 8% 9%
Betsi Cadwaladr 8% 4%
Cardiff & Vale 5% 3%
Cwm Taf 11% 8%
Hwyel Dda 7% 4%
Powys Teaching 10% 4%
6%
Betsi Cadwaladr
University HB
Powys
Teaching HB
Abertawe Bro Morgannwg University HB
Hwyel Dda University HB
Cardiff & Vale University HB
Aneurin Bevan
University HB
7%
8%
10%
4%
6%
4%
Welsh
Average
6%
There is a statistically significant relationship between drinking alcohol at
least once a week and LHB
Cwm Taf
University HB
97
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At present, how often do you drink anything alcoholic such as beer, wine,
cider, alcopops or spirits?
The rates of drinking among young people on a weekly
basis have fallen between 1986 and 2014
31
25
29 30 30
23
17
7
36
29 32
34 32
24
18
8
26
20
25 26
28
21
15
6
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
1986 1990 1994 1998 2002 2006 2010 2014
All
Boys
Girls
% drink weekly
Base: All responding pupils in years 7, 9, 11: 6,162 (1986); 5,761 (1990); 3,886 (1994); 4,008 (1998); 4,026 (2002); 4,409 (2006); 5,452 (2010); 5,322 (2014)
‘Drink weekly’ defined as those young people who say they drink one or more alcoholic beverage at least once a week.
Source: Welsh Government/
Ipsos MORI
1986 figures are significantly different to 2014 figures (based on total sample)
98
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At present, how often do you drink anything alcoholic such as beer, wine,
cider, alcopops or spirits?
Alcohol consumption: Girls
26 20
25 26
30
21
15
6
14
8 10 10
7 4
2
1
23
17
22 23 24
20
14
5
38 35
45 45
52
38
29
12
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
1986 1990 1994 1998 2002 2006 2010 2014
All girls
Girl Y7
Girl Y9
Girl Y11
% drink weekly
Base: All responding pupils in years 7, 9, 11: 6,162 (1986); 5,761 (1990); 3,886 (1994); 4,008 (1998); 4,026 (2002); 4,409 (2006); 5,452 (2010); 5,322 (2014)
Base sizes for age/year group cells are at least 572
Source: Welsh Government/
Ipsos MORI
99
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Slide 99
At present, how often do you drink anything alcoholic such as beer, wine,
cider, alcopops or spirits?
Alcohol consumption: Boys
36
29
32 34 32
24
18
8
26
19 19 16
10 7 6
4
29
21
30 29 30
23
13
6
49
45
50 57 56
42
34
14
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
1986 1990 1994 1998 2002 2006 2010 2014
All boys
Boy Y7
Boy Y9
Boy Y11
% drink weekly
Base: All responding pupils in years 7, 9, 11: 6,162 (1986); 5,761 (1990); 3,886 (1994); 4,008 (1998); 4,026 (2002); 4,409 (2006); 5,452 (2010); 5,322 (2014)
Base sizes for age/year group cells are at least 572
Source: Welsh Government/
Ipsos MORI
100
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Slide 100
How many drinks containing alcohol do you have on a typical day when you
are drinking?
Rates of regular alcohol consumption are consistent across FAS groups, but increase with age and are higher among girls
34%
17% 15%
10%
8%
17%
Less than 1 drink 1 drink2 drinks 3 drinks4 drinks 5 or more drinks
Base: All respondents stating an answer who drink (4,052).
A drink is defined as a small can of beer (330ml), a small glass of wine (140ml), a small sherry glass (80ml) or a shot glass (40ml). Source: Ipsos MORI
49%
45%
53%
14%
21%
38%
53%
71%
47%
50%
49%
Total
Male
Female
Year 7
Year 8
Year 9
Year 10
Year 11
FAS 1 (LOW)
FAS 2 (MED)
FAS 3 (HIGH)
% More than one drink
There is a statistically significant relationship between having more than one alcoholic drink
on a typical day when drinking and the following variables: Gender, Year Group
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Slide 101
Source: Ipsos MORI
% More than one drink
How many drinks containing alcohol do you have on a typical day when you
are drinking?
Across age and FAS groups, girls are more likely than boys to have more than one alcoholic drink when they are drinking
Base: All respondents stating an answer who drink (4,052)
14 17
34
47
69
14
26
41
58 72
0
20
40
60
80
100
Year 7 Year 8 Year 9 Year 10 Year 11
35 46 44
60 53 53
FAS 1 (LOW) FAS 2 (MED) FAS 3 (HIGH)
% Boys % Girls
% Girls
% Boys
There is a statistically significant relationship between having more than one alcoholic drink on a typical day
when drinking and the following variables: Boys’ Age, Girls’ Age, Gender within FAS 1, Gender within FAS 3
102
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How many drinks containing alcohol do you have on a typical day when you
are drinking?
Source: Ipsos MORI
Alcohol consumption rates per day for drinkers by LHB
% More than one drink
Base: All respondents stating an answer who drink (4,052)
Boys Girls
Abertawe Bro Morgannwg
40% 58%
Aneurin Bevan 46% 59%
Betsi Cadwaladr 42% 50%
Cardiff & Vale 43% 52%
Cwm Taf 50% 55%
Hwyel Dda 49% 48%
Powys Teaching 46% 42%
46%
Betsi Cadwaladr
University HB
Powys
Teaching HB
Abertawe Bro Morgannwg University HB
Hwyel Dda University HB
Cardiff & Vale University HB
Aneurin Bevan
University HB
45%
53%
52%
48%
48%
49%
Welsh
Average
49%
There is not a statistically significant relationship between having more
than one drink on a typical day drinking and LHB
Cwm Taf
University HB
103
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Slide 103
Have you ever had so much alcohol [In the last 30 days] that you were really
drunk?
One in ten young people report being drunk at least once in the past month; increasing to almost a quarter of young people in Year 11
91%
6%
Never
Once
2-3 times
(2%)
4-10
times (1%)
More than 10
times (1%)
Base: All respondents aged 11 to 16 stating an answer surveyed between November 2013 and March 2014 (8,460) Source: Ipsos MORI
9%
9%
9%
1%
2%
6%
12%
23%
7%
8%
10%
Total
Male
Female
Year 7
Year 8
Year 9
Year 10
Year 11
FAS 1 (LOW)
FAS 2 (MED)
FAS 3 (HIGH)
% Drunk in last 30 days
There is a statistically significant relationship between being drunk in the last 30
days and the following variables: Year Group, FAS
104
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Slide 104
Base: All respondents aged 11 to 16 stating an answer surveyed between November 2013 and March 2014 (8,460) Source: Ipsos MORI
% Drunk in last 30 days
Have you ever had so much alcohol that you were really drunk?
Drunkenness is more common amongst boys and girls in Years 10 and 11
1
3 6
11
22
1
2
7
13
24
0
5
10
15
20
25
Year 7 Year 8 Year 9 Year 10 Year 11
8 8 9 6
8 11
FAS 1 (LOW) FAS 2 (MED) FAS 3 (HIGH)
% Boys % Girls% Girls
% Boys
There is a statistically significant relationship between being drunk in the last 30
days and the following variables: Boys’ Age, Girls’ Age
105
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Slide 105
Have you ever had so much alcohol that you were really drunk?
Base: All respondents aged 11 to 16 stating an answer surveyed between November 2013 and March 2014 (8,460) Source: Ipsos MORI
Rates of drunkenness in the past month by LHB
% Drunk in last 30 days
Boys Girls
Abertawe Bro Morgannwg
7% 8%
Aneurin Bevan 10% 9%
Betsi Cadwaladr 9% 10%
Cardiff & Vale 7% 8%
Cwm Taf 12% 16%
Hwyel Dda 8% 9%
Powys Teaching 13% 9%
9%
Betsi Cadwaladr
University HB
Powys
Teaching HB
Abertawe Bro Morgannwg University HB
Hwyel Dda University HB
Cardiff & Vale University HB
Aneurin Bevan
University HB
11%
9%
13%
7%
9%
8%
Welsh
Average
9%
There is not a statistically significant relationship between being drunk once or
more in the last 30 days and LHB
Cwm Taf
University HB
106
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Slide 106
Have you ever had so much alcohol that you were really drunk?
Around one in twenty young people report having been drunk at least four times in their life; increasing to one in six Year 11s
76%
11%
7% 3%
3%
Never Once
2-3 times 4-10 times
More than 10 times
Base: All respondents aged 11 to 16 stating an answer surveyed between November 2013 and March 2014 (8,921) Source: Ipsos MORI
6%
6%
6%
*%
1%
3%
7%
17%
3%
5%
7%
Total
Male
Female
Year 7
Year 8
Year 9
Year 10
Year 11
FAS 1 (LOW)
FAS 2 (MED)
FAS 3 (HIGH)
% Drunk at least four times in life
There is a statistically significant relationship between being drunk 4+ times and
the following variables: Year Group, FAS
107
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Slide 107
Base: All respondents aged 11 to 16 stating an answer surveyed between November 2013 and March 2014 (8,921) Source: Ipsos MORI
% Drunk at least four times in life
Have you ever had so much alcohol that you were really drunk?
Girls and boys in years 10-11 are more likely to have been drunk four times in their life, than younger children
* 1
4
7
16
* 1
3
6
18
0
5
10
15
20
Year 7 Year 8 Year 9 Year 10 Year 11
3 5
7
3 5
7
FAS 1 (LOW) FAS 2 (MED) FAS 3 (HIGH)
% Boys % Girls% Girls
% Boys
There is a statistically significant relationship between being drunk 4+
times and the following variables: Boys’ Age, Girls’ Age
108
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Slide 108
Have you ever had so much alcohol that you were really drunk?
Base: All respondents aged 11 to 16 stating an answer surveyed between November 2013 and March 2014 (8,921) Source: Ipsos MORI
Drunkenness by LHB area
% At least four times
Boys Girls
Abertawe Bro Morgannwg
4% 4%
Aneurin Bevan 5% 7%
Betsi Cadwaladr 7% 5%
Cardiff & Vale 5% 5%
Cwm Taf 9% 8%
Hwyel Dda 6% 6%
Powys Teaching 7% 8%
6%
Betsi Cadwaladr
University HB
Powys
Teaching HB
Abertawe Bro Morgannwg University HB
Hwyel Dda University HB
Cardiff & Vale University HB
Aneurin Bevan
University HB
8%
6%
8%
5%
6%
4%
Welsh
Average
6%
There is not a statistically significant relationship between being drunk at
least four times in lifetime and LHB
Cwm Taf
University HB
109
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Slide 109
Have you ever had so much alcohol that you were really drunk?
Reported incidences of being drunk have declined (1986 to
2014), notably among boys
16 15
18
22
16
15 12
7
20 18
21
25
18
17
11
7
12 13
15
18
14 14 12
7
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
1986 1990 1994 1998 2002 2006 2010 2014
All
Boys
Girls
% drunk 4 or more times in lifetime
Base: All responding pupils in years 7, 9, 11: 6,153 (1986); 6,395 (1990); 3,880 (1994); 4,039 (1998); 4,067 (2002); 4,367 (2006); 5,270 (2010); 5,271 (2014)
‘Drunk more than 4 times in lifetime’ is defined as those who say they have been drunk at least four times in their lifetime.
Source: Welsh Government/
Ipsos MORI
1986 figures are significantly different to 2014 figures (based on total sample)
.
110
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Slide 110
Have you ever had so much alcohol that you were really drunk?
Drunkenness: Girls
12
13
15 18
14 14
12
7
1 1
2 1 1 1 1 *
10 9
13 15
10 10
12
3
24
27
33
40
31
28 27
12
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
1986 1990 1994 1998 2002 2006 2010 2014
All girls
Girl Y7
Girl Y9
Girl Y11
% drunk 4 or more times in lifetime
Base: All responding pupils in years 7, 9, 11: 6,153 (1986); 6,395 (1990); 3,880 (1994); 4,039 (1998); 4,067 (2002); 4,367 (2006); 5,270 (2010); 5,271 (2014)
Base sizes for age/year group cells are at least 572
Source: Welsh Government/
Ipsos MORI
111
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Slide 111
Have you ever had so much alcohol that you were really drunk?
Drunkenness: Boys
20 18
21 25
26 24
18
8
6 6 4
5 2 3
3 4
14 11
18 19
14
11 6 6
38 35
42
53
36 33
24
14
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
1986 1990 1994 1998 2002 2006 2010 2014
All boys
Boy Y7
Boy Y9
Boy Y11
% drunk 4 or more times in lifetime
Base: All responding pupils in years 7, 9, 11: 6,153 (1986); 6,395 (1990); 3,880 (1994); 4,039 (1998); 4,067 (2002); 4,367 (2006); 5,270 (2010); 5,271 (2014)
Base sizes for age/year group cells are at least 572
Source: Welsh Government/
Ipsos MORI
112
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Slide 112
At what age did you first get drunk? (Based on Year 11 pupils excluding never
drunk)
Two in ten Year 11 pupils say that they first got drunk when they were 13 years old or younger
3%
4%
13%
29%
44%
7%
11 years or younger 12 years
13 years 14 years
15 years 16 years or older
Base: All respondents stating an answer in Year 11, excluding those that had never been drunk (823) Source: Ipsos MORI
18%
24%
21%
18%
22%
20%
FAS 3 (HIGH)
FAS 2 (MED)
FAS 1 (LOW)
Female
Male
Total
% 13 years or younger
There is no statistically significant relationship between first getting drunk
aged 13 or younger and the above variables
113
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Slide 113
Have you ever been offered any of the following drugs? (Top 6 mentions only)
Just under one in five young people report ever being offered drugs,
rising to over a third of Year 11’s, with Cannabis most frequently cited
Source: Ipsos MORI
18%
18%
18%
6%
9%
15%
23%
36%
18%
18%
18%
Total
Male
Female
Year 7
Year 8
Year 9
Year 10
Year 11
FAS 1 (LOW)
FAS 2 (MED)
FAS 3 (HIGH)
% Offered any drugs
Base: All respondents stating an answer aged 11 to 16 surveyed between November 2013 and March
2014 (base sizes vary from 8,852 to 8,949)
2%
2%
2%
3%
4%
15%
Magic Mushrooms(Shrooms)
Mephedrone (M-Cat, Meow,Bubble, Charge, Drone,
4MMC)
Ecstasy ('E', MDMA, XTC)
Cocaine (Charlie, 'C', Coke)
Glue, gas (butane, lighterrefills), aerosols or solvents
(to inhale or sniff)
Cannabis (Marijuana, Dope,Pot, Mash, Grass, Weed,
Skunk, Spliff/Joints)
% Offered
There is a statistically significant relationship between being offered any
drug and the following variables: Year Group
114
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Slide 114
Source: Ipsos MORI
% Offered any drugs
Have you ever been offered any of the following drugs?
The likelihood of being offered drugs increases with age for both boys and girls
Base: All respondents aged 11 to 16 stating an answer surveyed between November 2013 and March 2014 (8,971)
8 9
16 21
35
4
9
14
26
37
0
10
20
30
40
50
Year 7 Year 8 Year 9 Year 10 Year 11
16 16 19 20 20
17
FAS 1 (LOW) FAS 2 (MED) FAS 3 (HIGH)
% Boys % Girls% Girls
% Boys
There is a statistically significant relationship between being offered any
drug and the following variables: Boys’ Age, Girls’ Age
115
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Have you ever been offered any of the following drugs?
Source: Ipsos MORI
Experience of being offered drugs by LHB area
% Offered any drugs
Base: All respondents aged 11 to 16 stating an answer surveyed between November 2013 and March 2014 (8,971)
Boys Girls
Abertawe Bro Morgannwg
16% 15%
Aneurin Bevan 20% 23%
Betsi Cadwaladr 19% 17%
Cardiff & Vale 17% 21%
Cwm Taf 20% 19%
Hwyel Dda 17% 14%
Powys 13% 14%
18%
Betsi Cadwaladr
University HB
Powys Teaching
HB
Abertawe Bro Morgannwg University HB
Hwyel Dda University HB
Cardiff & Vale University HB
Aneurin Bevan
University HB
13%
22%
19%
19%
15%
16%
Welsh
Average
18%
There is a statistically significant relationship between being offered drugs
and LHB
Cwm Taf
University HB
116
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Slide 116
Have you used or taken any of the drugs listed (even if only once)? (Top 6
mentions only)
Cannabis is the most widely used drug among 11-16 year olds
Source: Ipsos MORI
8%
8%
8%
1%
3%
6%
10%
20%
9%
9%
8%
Total
Male
Female
Year 7
Year 8
Year 9
Year 10
Year 11
FAS 1 (LOW)
FAS 2 (MED)
FAS 3 (HIGH)
% Taken any drugs
Base: All respondents stating an answer aged 11 to 16 surveyed between November 2013 and March
2014 (8,282)
1%
1%
1%
1%
1%
7%
Poppers
Magic Mushrooms(Shrooms)
Mephedrone (M-Cat, Meow,Bubble, Charge, Drone,
4MMC)
Cocaine (Charlie, 'C', Coke)
Glue, gas (butane, lighterrefills), aerosols or solvents
(to inhale or sniff)
Cannabis (Marijuana, Dope,Pot, Mash, Grass, Weed,
Skunk, Spliff/Joints)
% Taken
There is a statistically significant relationship between being offered any
drug and the following variables: Year Group..
117
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Slide 117
Source: Ipsos MORI
% Taken any drugs
Have you used or taken any of the drugs listed (even if only once)?
One in five pupils in year 11 claim to have taken drugs in their lifetime; a consistent figure across both genders
Base: All respondents aged 11 to 16 stating an answer surveyed between November 2013 and March 2014 (8,282)
1 3
7 9
20
1 2
6
11
20
0
10
20
30
40
50
Year 7 Year 8 Year 9 Year 10 Year 11
8 9 8 9 9 8
FAS 1 (LOW) FAS 2 (MED) FAS 3 (HIGH)
% Boys % Girls
% Girls
% Boys
There is a statistically significant relationship between taking drugs and the
following variables: boys’ age, girls’ age.
118
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Slide 118
Have you used or taken any of the drugs listed (even if only once)?
Source: Ipsos MORI
Experience of using drugs by LHB area
% Taken any drugs
Base: All respondents aged 11 to 16 stating an answer surveyed between November 2013 and March 2014 (8,282)
Boys Girls
Abertawe Bro Morgannwg
7% 7%
Aneurin Bevan 10% 11%
Betsi Cadwaladr 8% 8%
Cardiff & Vale 7% 8%
Cwm Taf 10% 9%
Hwyel Dda 9% 7%
Powys 7% 6%
8%
Betsi Cadwaladr
University HB
Powys Teaching
HB
Abertawe Bro Morgannwg University HB
Hwyel Dda University HB
Cardiff & Vale University HB
Aneurin Bevan
University HB
6%
11%
10%
8%
8%
7%
Welsh
Average
8%
There is a statistically significant relationship between taking drugs and LHB
Cwm Taf
University HB
119
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Slide 119
At what age did you first use Cannabis? (Based on Year 11 pupils)
Just under one in five young people who have tried cannabis report having done so by the time they were 13
7%
11%
27% 49%
4%
14 years
15 years
16 years or
older
Base: All Year 11 pupils stating an answer who have taken cannabis (306) Source: Ipsos MORI
19%
25%
13%
25%
17%
20%
Total
Male
Female
FAS 1 (LOW)
FAS 2 (MED)
FAS 3 (HIGH)
% 13 years or younger 11 years or
younger (1%)
12 years
13 years
There is no statistically significant relationship between using Cannabis at
age 13 or younger and the above variables.
120
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Slide 120
Have you ever taken cannabis (in your life)?
Overall, less than one in ten young people have tried cannabis; a figure that increases to one in six Year 11 pupils
93%
3%
1% 1% 1%
2%
Never
1-2 days
3-5 days
6-9 days
10-19 days
20-29 days
30 days or more
*
Base: All respondents aged 11 to 16 who gave an answer, surveyed between November 2013 and March 2014 (8,732) Source: Ipsos MORI
7%
7%
7%
*
1%
5%
8%
17%
6%
7%
6%
Total
Male
Female
Year 7
Year 8
Year 9
Year 10
Year 11
FAS 1 (LOW)
FAS 2 (MED)
FAS 3 (HIGH)
% have taken cannabis
There is a statistically significant relationship between having taken cannabis and the following variables: Year Group.
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Have you ever taken cannabis (in your life)?
* 1
5 7
18
* 1
5
9 17
0
10
20
30
40
50
Year 7 Year 8 Year 9 Year 10 Year 11
Source: Ipsos MORI
% Girls
% Boys
The likelihood of taking cannabis increases with age; with little discernible difference between boys and girls
6 6 7 6 8 6
FAS 1 (LOW) FAS 2 (MED) FAS 3 (HIGH)
% Boys % Girls
% have taken cannabis
Base: All respondents aged 11 to 16 who gave an answer, surveyed between November 2013 and March 2014 (8,732)
There is a statistically significant relationship between having taken cannabis and the following variables: Boys’ Age, Girls’ Age
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6%
Betsi Cadwaladr
University HB
Powys
Teaching HB
Abertawe Bro Morgannwg University HB
Hwyel Dda University HB
Cardiff & Vale University HB
Aneurin Bevan
University HB
Have you ever taken cannabis (in your life)?
Experience of taking cannabis by LHB area
% have taken cannabis
Source: Ipsos MORI Base: All respondents aged 11 to 16 who gave an answer, surveyed between November 2013 and March 2014 (8,732)
5%
9%
8%
6%
6%
5 %
Boys Girls
Abertawe Bro Morgannwg
5% 6%
Aneurin Bevan 8% 10%
Betsi Cadwaladr 6% 6%
Cardiff & Vale 7% 6%
Cwm Taf 8% 8%
Hwyel Dda 6% 6%
Powys 5% 5%
Welsh
Average
7%
There is a statistically significant relationship between having taken cannabis and
LHB
Cwm Taf
University HB
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Have you ever taken cannabis?
The 2014 survey demonstrates the lowest levels of
cannabis use since 2002
16 16
9
8
17
16
9
8
14
16
8 8
0
5
10
15
20
1986 1990 1994 1998 2002 2006 2010 2014
All
Boys
Girls
% Taken cannabis
Base: All responding pupils in years 7, 9, 11: 4,015 (2002); 4,337 (2006); 5,274 (2010); 5,203 (2014)
‘Smoked cannabis’ defined as those pupils who say they have taken cannabis.
Source: Welsh Government/
Ipsos MORI
2002 figures are significantly different to 2014 figures (based on total sample)
Comparable data not available for 1986-1998.
124
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Have you ever taken cannabis?
Smoked cannabis: Girls
14
16
9 8
1 2
1 *
11
14
8
5
32 32
18 17
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
1986 1990 1994 1998 2002 2006 2010 2014
All girls
Girl Y7
Girl Y9
Girl Y11
% Taken cannabis
Base: All responding pupils in years 7, 9, 11: 4,015 (2002); 4,337 (2006); 5,274 (2010); 5,203 (2014)
Base sizes for age/year group cells are at least 595
Source: Welsh Government/
Ipsos MORI
125
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Have you ever taken cannabis?
Smoked cannabis: Boys
17 16
9 8
1
3
* *
15 14
5 5
36
30
20 18
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
1986 1990 1994 1998 2002 2006 2010 2014
All boys
Boy Y7
Boy Y9
Boy Y11
% Taken cannabis
Base: All responding pupils in years 7, 9, 11: 4,015 (2002); 4,337 (2006); 5,274 (2010); 5,203 (2014)
Base sizes for age/year group cells are at least 595
Source: Welsh Government/
Ipsos MORI
126
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Have you ever had sexual intercourse (sometimes this is called ‘making love’,
‘having sex’, or ‘going all the way’)?
A quarter of Year 11 students report ever having had sex; a figure that is notably higher amongst girls
27%
73%
No
Yes
Source: Ipsos MORI
27%
23%
32%
31%
29%
26%
Total
Male
Female
FAS 1 (LOW)
FAS 2 (MED)
FAS 3 (HIGH)
% Yes
Base: All Year 11 stating an answer (1,520)
There is a statistically significant relationship between ever having sex and
the following variables: Gender
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Have you ever had sexual intercourse (sometimes this is called ‘making love’,
‘having sex’, or ‘going all the way’)?
Data suggests that fewer young people are having sex – which
fits with the decline in teenage pregnancies
34 36
33
26 28
30 28
21
40 41
38
32
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
1986 1990 1994 1998 2002 2006 2010 2014
All
Boys
Girls
% ever had sex
Base: All responding pupils in year 11: 1,155 (2002); 1,334 (2006); 1,580 (2010); 1,358 (2014)
Source: Welsh Government/
Ipsos MORI
2002 figures are significantly different to 2014 figures (based on total sample)
Question not asked in 1986-1998
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The last time you had sexual intercourse, did you or your partner use a
condom?
Three in five Year 11 pupils report using a condom the last time they had sex
61%
33%
6%
YesNoDon't Know
Source: Ipsos MORI
61%
68%
57%
70%
61%
61%
Total
Male
Female
FAS 1 (LOW)
FAS 2 (MED)
FAS 3 (HIGH)
% Yes
Base: All Year 11 respondents who have had sexual intercourse and stated an answer (422). Note low
base size in FAS 1 subgroup (n=24).
There is a statistically significant relationship between using a condom the
last time having sex and the following variables: FAS
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How old were you when you had sexual intercourse for the first time? (Based
on Year 11 pupils who report having sexual intercourse)
One in seven Year 11 pupils had their first sexual experience when they were 13 years old or younger
3% 1%
10%
28% 50%
7%
11 years or younger 12 years13 years 14 years15 years 16 years or older
Source: Ipsos MORI
14%
13%
15%
18%
18%
12%
Total
Male
Female
FAS 1 (LOW)
FAS 2 (MED)
FAS 3 (HIGH)
% 13 years or younger
Base: All Year 11 respondents who have had sexual intercourse and stated an answer (414).
Note low base size in FAS 1 subgroup (n=23)
There is no statistically significant relationship between first having sex
aged 13 or younger and the above variables
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How old were you when you had sexual intercourse for the first time?
The proportion of young people reporting sex before age 13
is falling
7 7 6
4
6 6 6
3
9
7 7
5
0
5
10
15
20
1986 1990 1994 1998 2002 2006 2010 2014
All
Boys
Girls
% sex aged 13 or younger (based on Year 11 pupils only)
Base: All responding pupils in years 11: 1,205 (2002); 1,348 (2006); 1,650 (2010); 1,435 (2014)
Question asked of young people in curriculum year 11 – trend data based on all young people in Year 11, rather than all young people who say they are having sexual intercourse
Source: Welsh Government/
Ipsos MORI
2002 figures are significantly different to 2014 figures
Comparable data not available for 1986 to 1998
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Version 1 | Internal/ Client use only
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Key Findings – Social Context
132
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On a typical day is the MAIN part of your journey TO school made by . .?
The most popular modes of transport to school are bus/train, walking or car; very few pupils cycle
32%
1%
42%
25%
1%
Walk Bicycle
Bus/train etc Car/motorcycle
Other means
Base: All respondents aged 11 to 16 surveyed between November 2013 and March 2014 (8,754) Source: Ipsos MORI
32%
34%
31%
33%
32%
33%
31%
33%
48%
36%
29%
Total
Male
Female
Year 7
Year 8
Year 9
Year 10
Year 11
FAS 1 (LOW)
FAS 2 (MED)
FAS 3 (HIGH)
% Walking or cycling
There is a statistically significant relationship between walking or cycling to
school and the following variables: Gender, FAS
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Base: All respondents aged 11 to 16 surveyed between November 2013 and March 2014 (8,754) Source: Ipsos MORI
% Walking or cycling
On a typical day is the MAIN part of your journey TO school made by . . . .?
Boys and girls from less affluent households are more likely to walk or cycle to school
33 31 32
34 38 33 32 33
28 28
0
10
20
30
40
50
Year 7 Year 8 Year 9 Year 10 Year 11
50
36 31
46
36
26
FAS 1 (LOW) FAS 2 (MED) FAS 3 (HIGH)
% Boys % Girls
% Girls
% Boys
There is a statistically significant relationship between walking or cycling to school and the
following variables: Gender within FAS 3, FAS within boys, FAS within girls
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On a typical day is the MAIN part of your journey TO school made by . . . .?
Base: All respondents aged 11 to 16 surveyed between November 2013 and March 2014 (8,754) Source: Ipsos MORI
Proportion walking or cycling to school by LHB
% Walking or cycling 35%
Betsi Cadwaladr
University HB
Powys Teaching
HB
Abertawe Bro Morgannwg University HB
Hwyel Dda University HB
Cardiff & Vale University HB
Aneurin Bevan
University HB
22%
41%
27%
44%
18%
23%
Boys Girls
Abertawe Bro Morgannwg
25% 22%
Aneurin Bevan 44% 38%
Betsi Cadwaladr 36% 34%
Cardiff & Vale 48% 40%
Cwm Taf 28% 25%
Hwyel Dda 19% 17%
Powys 22% 23%
Welsh
Average
32%
There is a statistically significant relationship between walking or cycling to
school and LHB
Cwm Taf
University HB
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On a typical day is the MAIN part of your journey TO school made by . . . .?
Overall, there has been little change in the proportion of
young people who walk or cycle to school, 2006-2014
41
36 34
32
43
39
35 34
40
33 33 31
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
1986 1990 1994 1998 2002 2006 2010 2014
All
Boys
Girls
% walk/cycle to school
Base: All responding pupils in years 7, 9, 11: 6,338 (1986); 4,334 (2006); 5,322 (2010); 5,188 (2014)
Young people were asked how they travelled to school on a typical day – either by bus, car, train, walking or cycling. Here we focus on the proportion of respondents who say
they walk or cycle. In 1986 the question differed ‘How do you usually travel to school”. The response options were on foot, by bicycle, by bus, by car or by other means. In
1986 the answers are not weighted and should be used as a benchmark only.
Source: Welsh Government/
Ipsos MORI
2006 figures are NOT significantly different to 2014 figures (based on total sample)
Comparable data not available for 1990 – 2002. 1986 data is not directly comparable but has been included as a benchmark
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On a typical day is the MAIN part of your journey TO school made by . . . .?
Proportion walking or cycling to school: Girls
40
33 33
31
34
29
32
32
41
35
31
32
44
35 35
28
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
1986 1990 1994 1998 2002 2006 2010 2014
All girls
Girl Y7
Girl Y9
Girl Y11
% walk/cycle to school
Base: All responding pupils in years 7, 9, 11: 6,338 (1986); 4,334 (2006); 5,322 (2010); 5,188 (2014)
Base sizes for age/year group cells are at least 660. In 1986 the answers are not weighted and should be used as a benchmark only.
Source: Welsh Government/
Ipsos MORI
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On a typical day is the MAIN part of your journey TO school made by . . . .?
Proportion walking or cycling to school: Boys
43 39
35 34
40 39
32 32
45
38 36
32
46 41
37 37
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
1986 1990 1994 1998 2002 2006 2010 2014
All boys
Boy Y7
Boy Y9
Boy Y11
% walk/cycle to school
Base: All responding pupils in years 7, 9, 11: 6,338 (1986); 4,334 (2006); 5,322 (2010); 5,188 (2014)
Base sizes for age/year group cells are at least 660. In 1986 the answers are not weighted and should be used as a benchmark only.
Source: Welsh Government/
Ipsos MORI
138
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How many hours a day in your free time, do you usually spend playing games
on a computer, games console, tablet, smartphone or other device?
Half of all young people spend two hours or more a day playing games on an electronic device; rising to two-thirds of boys
13%
16% 17% 17%
13%
8%
5%
3%
7%
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
None Half hr 1 hr 2 hrs 3 hrs 4 hrs 5 hrs 6 hrs 7+ hrs
Base: All respondents aged 11 to 16 surveyed between November 2013 and March 2014 (8,545) Source: Ipsos MORI
53%
66%
41%
49%
55%
58%
54%
50%
57%
55%
52%
Total
Male
Female
Year 7
Year 8
Year 9
Year 10
Year 11
FAS 1 (LOW)
FAS 2 (MED)
FAS 3 (HIGH)
% computer games 2+ hours a day - weekdays
There is a statistically significant relationship between playing computer games for 2+
hours a day and the following variables: Gender, Year Group
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Base: All respondents aged 11 to 16 surveyed between November 2013 and March 2014 (8,545) Source: Ipsos MORI
% computer games 2+ hours a day - weekdays
In all year groups and affluence groups boys are spending more time than girls on computer games
62 65 70 69
63
38 45 45
40 37
0
20
40
60
80
100
Year 7 Year 8 Year 9 Year 10 Year 11
69 68 64
45 42 39
FAS 1 (LOW) FAS 2 (MED) FAS 3 (HIGH)
% Boys % Girls
% Girls
% Boys
How many hours a day, in your free time, do you usually spend playing games
on a computer, games console, tablet, smartphone or other device?
There is a statistically significant relationship between playing computer games for 2+ hours a day and the following
variables: Boys’ Age, Girls’ Age, Gender within FAS 1, Gender within FAS 2, Gender within FAS 3
140
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How many hours a day, in your free time, do you usually spend playing games
on a computer, games console, tablet, smartphone or other device?
Base: All respondents aged 11 to 16 surveyed between November 2013 and March 2014 (8,545) Source: Ipsos MORI
Proportions playing computer games by LHB
% computer games 2+ hours a day - weekdays 54%
Betsi Cadwaladr
University HB
Powys Teaching
HB
Abertawe Bro Morgannwg University HB
Hwyel Dda University HB
Cardiff & Vale University HB
Aneurin Bevan
University HB
47%
57%
60%
56%
40%
53%
Boys Girls
Abertawe Bro Morgannwg
67% 41%
Aneurin Bevan 72% 44%
Betsi Cadwaladr 66% 41%
Cardiff & Vale 68% 44%
Cwm Taf 71% 44%
Hwyel Dda 50% 29%
Powys 55% 38%
Welsh
Average
53%
There is a statistically significant relationships between playing computer
games for 2 or more hours a day and LHB
Cwm Taf
University HB
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How many hours a day, in your free time, do you usually spend using electronic
devices such as computers, tablet or smart phones for other purposes, e.g. homework,
emailing, tweeting, Facebook, chatting, surfing the internet?
General computer usage is consistent across FAS but higher among the older age groups
4%
13%
18%
17%
14%
11%
7%
5%
11%
None Halfhr
1 hr 2 hrs 3 hrs 4 hrs 5 hrs 6 hrs 7+hrs
0
5
10
15
20
Base: All respondents aged 11 to 16 surveyed between November 2013 and March 2014 (8,553) Source: Ipsos MORI
64%
63%
66%
50%
57%
67%
72%
73%
66%
64%
64%
Total
Male
Female
Year 7
Year 8
Year 9
Year 10
Year 11
FAS 1 (LOW)
FAS 2 (MED)
FAS 3 (HIGH)
% general computer use 2+ hours a day - weekdays
There is a statistically significant relationship between general computer use for 2+
hours a day and the following variables: Gender, Year Group
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Base: All respondents aged 11 to 16 surveyed between November 2013 and March 2014 (8,553) Source: Ipsos MORI
% general computer use 2+ hours a day - weekdays
As girls and boys get older their usage of electronic devices increases significantly
How many hours a day, in your free time, do you usually spend using electronic
devices such as computers, tablet or smart phones for other purposes, for example
homework, emailing, tweeting, Facebook, chatting, surfing the internet?
53
55
65 69
70
48
59
69 74 77
0
20
40
60
80
Year 7 Year 8 Year 9 Year 10 Year 11
64 62 63 68 66 66
FAS 1 (LOW) FAS 2 (MED) FAS 3 (HIGH)
% Boys % Girls
% Girls
% Boys
There is a statistically significant relationship between general computer use for 2+ hours a day
and the following variables: Boys’ Age, Girls’ Age, Gender within FAS 2
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Base: All respondents aged 11 to 16 surveyed between November 2013 and March 2014 (8,553) Source: Ipsos MORI
Computer usage by LHB
% general computer use 2+ hours a day - weekdays
How many hours a day, in your free time, do you usually spend using electronic
devices such as computers, tablet or smart phones for other purposes, for example
homework, emailing, tweeting, Facebook, chatting, surfing the internet?
64%
Betsi Cadwaladr
University HB
Powys Teaching
HB
Abertawe Bro Morgannwg University HB
Hwyel Dda University HB
Cardiff & Vale University HB
Aneurin Bevan
University HB
56%
69%
68%
69%
53%
64%
Boys Girls
Abertawe Bro Morgannwg
63% 65%
Aneurin Bevan 67% 70%
Betsi Cadwaladr 63% 65%
Cardiff & Vale 68% 71%
Cwm Taf 65% 72%
Hwyel Dda 53% 54%
Powys 54% 59%
Welsh
Average
64%
There is a statistically significant relationships between general computer
use for 2 or more hours a day and LHB
Cwm Taf
University HB
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Slide 144
How many hours a day, in your free time, do you usually spend watching TV,
videos, DVDs, and other entertainment on a screen?
Two thirds of young people watch TV for at least two hours a day on a weekday; a figure that increases with age
4%
11%
17%
23%
19%
12%
6%
3% 5%
0
5
10
15
20
25
None Halfhr
1 hr 2 hrs 3 hrs 4 hrs 5 hrs 6 hrs 7+hrs
Base: All respondents aged 11 to 16 surveyed between November 2013 and March 2014 (8,605) Source: Ipsos MORI
68%
71%
66%
58%
64%
70%
74%
73%
73%
68%
68%
Total
Male
Female
Year 7
Year 8
Year 9
Year 10
Year 11
FAS 1 (LOW)
FAS 2 (MED)
FAS 3 (HIGH)
% watching TV 2+ hours a day - weekdays
There is a statistically significant relationship between watching 2+ hours of TV on
a weekday and the following variables: Gender, Year Group, FAS
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Base: All respondents aged 11 to 16 surveyed between November 2013 and March 2014 (8,605) Source: Ipsos MORI
% watching TV 2+ hours a day - weekdays
How many hours a day, in your free time, do you usually spend watching TV,
videos, DVDs, and other entertainment on a screen?
The findings indicate that boys are more likely to watch TV for 2+ hours a day during the week than girls
62
69 72
76
73
54 60
68 72
73
0
20
40
60
80
Year 7 Year 8 Year 9 Year 10 Year 11
74 72 70 73 64 66
FAS 1 (LOW) FAS 2 (MED) FAS 3 (HIGH)
% Boys % Girls% Girls
% Boys
There is a statistically significant relationship between watching 2+ hours of TV on a weekday and the
following variables: Girls’ Age, Boys’ Age, Gender within FAS 2, Gender within FAS 3
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How many hours a day, in your free time, do you usually spend watching TV,
videos, DVDs, and other entertainment on a screen?
Base: All respondents aged 11 to 16 surveyed between November 2013 and March 2014 (8,605) Source: Ipsos MORI
TV Watching by LHB
% watching TV 2+ hours a day - weekdays 69%
Betsi Cadwaladr
University HB
Powys Teaching
HB
Abertawe Bro Morgannwg University HB
Hywel Dda University HB
Cardiff & Vale University HB
Aneurin Bevan
University HB
62%
70%
71%
74%
61%
65%
Boys Girls
Abertawe Bro Morgannwg
69% 62%
Aneurin Bevan 72% 69%
Betsi Cadwaladr 74% 64%
Cardiff & Vale 75% 72%
Cwm Taf 71% 72%
Hwyel Dda 64% 58%
Powys 63% 61%
Welsh
Average
68%
There is a statistically significant relationship between watching TV for 2 or
more hours a day and LHB
Cwm Taf
University HB
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When do you usually go to bed if you have to go to school the next morning?
Bedtimes are later for older pupils, but consistent by family affluence status
No later than 9pm
Between 9-10pm
Between 10-11pm
Between 11pm-
midnight
After midnight
10%
37%
14%
8%
31%
Base: All respondents aged 11 to 16 surveyed between November 2013 and March 2014 (8,432) Source: Ipsos MORI
22%
22%
21%
6%
13%
20%
29%
37%
22%
24%
21%
Total
Male
Female
Year 7
Year 8
Year 9
Year 10
Year 11
FAS 1 (LOW)
FAS 2 (MED)
FAS 3 (HIGH)
% Bed after 11pm
There is a statistically significant relationship between going to bed after 11pm on
a school night and the following variables: Gender, Year Group
148
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Base: All respondents aged 11 to 16 surveyed between November 2013 and March 2014 (8,432) Source: Ipsos MORI
% Bed after 11pm
When do you usually go to bed if you have to go to school the next morning?
The proportions of girls and boys going to bed after 11pm increases by age
8
15 19
27
39
4
11
20
31 36
0
10
20
30
40
50
Year 7 Year 8 Year 9 Year 10 Year 11
23 24 22 21 24
20
FAS 1 (LOW) FAS 2 (MED) FAS 3 (HIGH)
% Boys % Girls% Girls
% Boys
There is a statistically significant relationship between going to bed after 11pm on a school
night and the following variables: Boys’ Age, Girls’ Age, FAS within girls
149
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When do you usually go to bed if you have to go to school the next morning?
Base: All respondents aged 11 to 16 surveyed between November 2013 and March 2014 (8,432) Source: Ipsos MORI
Bedtimes by LHB
% Bed after 11pm 21%
Betsi Cadwaladr
University HB
Powys Teaching
HB
Abertawe Bro Morgannwg University HB
Hwyel Dda University HB
Cardiff & Vale University HB
Aneurin Bevan
University HB
17%
24%
26%
24%
17%
22%
Boys Girls
Abertawe Bro Morgannwg
24% 20%
Aneurin Bevan 23% 25%
Betsi Cadwaladr 22% 20%
Cardiff & Vale 25% 23%
Cwm Taf 26% 25%
Hwyel Dda 17% 16%
Powys 16% 19%
Welsh
Average
22%
There is a statistically significant relationship between going to bed after
11pm on a school-night and LHB
Cwm Taf
University HB
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Agree 68%
Neither agree nor disagree
9%
Disagree 24%
There is a statistically significant relationship between agreeing that one gets emotional help
and support from the family and the following variables: Gender, Year Group, FAS
67%
69%
66%
75%
70%
67%
63%
64%
62%
66%
69%
Total
Male
Female
Year 7
Year 8
Year 9
Year 10
Year 11
FAS 1 (LOW)
FAS 2 (MED)
FAS 3 (HIGH)
% Agree (5+)
How do you feel about the following statement.
I get the emotional help and support I need from my family
Two-thirds of young people agree that they get enough emotional support from their family; a quarter disagree
Base: All respondents aged 11 to 16 stating an answer surveyed between November 2013 and March 2014 (8,637) Source: Ipsos MORI
On a scale from 1-7
where 1 is very strongly
disagree and 7 is very
strongly agree, ‘Disagree’
on the chart represents
ratings of 1-3 and ‘Agree’
on the chart represent 5-
7.
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Base: All respondents aged 11 to 16 stating an answer surveyed between November 2013 and March 2014 (8,637) Source: Ipsos MORI
% Agree
The proportions of both boys and girls who say they get emotional support from their family dips in Years10-11
How do you feel about the following statement.
I get the emotional help and support I need from my family
74
72 70 65
65
75
69 64 61
62
0
20
40
60
80
100
Year 7 Year 8 Year 9 Year 10 Year 11
64 69 70
60 63 68
FAS 1 (LOW) FAS 2 (MED) FAS 3 (HIGH)
% Boys % Girls
% Girls
% Boys
There is a statistically significant relationship between agreeing that one gets emotional help and support
from the family and the following variables: Boys’ Age, Girls’ Age, Gender within FAS 2
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Base: All respondents aged 11 to 16 stating an answer surveyed between November 2013 and March 2014 (8,637) Source: Ipsos MORI
Emotional support from family by LHB
% Agree
How do you feel about the following statement.
I get the emotional help and support I need from my family
66%
Betsi Cadwaladr
University HB
Powys Teaching
HB
Cwm Taf
University HB
Abertawe Bro Morgannwg University HB
Hwyel Dda University HB
Cardiff & Vale University HB
Aneurin Bevan
University HB
70%
68%
66%
66%
70%
70%
Boys Girls
Abertawe Bro Morgannwg
71% 68%
Aneurin Bevan 69% 67%
Betsi Cadwaladr 67% 65%
Cardiff & Vale 68% 63%
Cwm Taf 68% 62%
Hwyel Dda 71% 68%
Powys 70% 69%
Welsh
Average
67%
There is not a statistically significant relationship between getting
emotional help and support from family and LHB
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74%
81%
67%
82%
79%
73%
70%
69%
73%
70%
76%
Total
Male
Female
Year 7
Year 8
Year 9
Year 10
Year 11
FAS 1 (LOW)
FAS 2 (MED)
FAS 3 (HIGH)
% Very easy/ easy
How easy is it for you to talk to the following people about things that really
bother you? (Father)
Nearly three quarters of 11-16 year olds find it easy or very easy to talk to their father
Base: All respondents aged 11 to 16 surveyed between November 2013 and March 2014 (7,832*)
*Base excludes respondents who do not have / do not see their father Source: Ipsos MORI
39%
35%
17%
9%
Very easy
Easy
Difficult
Very difficult1
Very easy/
easy = 74%
There is a statistically significant relationship between agreeing that one gets emotional help and support
from the father and the following variables: Gender, Year Group
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Base: All respondents aged 11 to 16 surveyed between November 2013 and March 2014 (7,832*)
*Base excludes respondents who do not have / do not see their father Source: Ipsos MORI
% Very easy/ easy
The number of girls who find it easy to talk to their father decreases from 78% in Year 7 to 59% in Year 11
How easy is it for you to talk to the following people about things that really
bother you? (Father)
87 83 81 78
79
78 74
65 61
59
0
20
40
60
80
100
Year 7 Year 8 Year 9 Year 10 Year 11
78 79 83
69 62
70
FAS 1 (LOW) FAS 2 (MED) FAS 3 (HIGH)
% Boys % Girls
% Girls
% Boys
There is a statistically significant relationship between agreeing that one gets emotional help and support from
the father and the following variables: Boys’ age, Girls’ age, FAS between girls, Gender within FAS 1, 2 and 3
155
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Base: All respondents aged 11 to 16 surveyed between November 2013 and March 2014 (7,832*)
*Base excludes respondents who do not have / do not see their father Source: Ipsos MORI
Easy to talk to father by LHB
% Very easy/ easy
How easy is it for you to talk to the following people about things that really
bother you? (Father)
76%
Betsi Cadwaladr
University HB
Powys Teaching
HB
Cwm Taf
University HB
Abertawe Bro Morgannwg University HB
Hwyel Dda University HB
Cardiff & Vale University HB
Aneurin Bevan
University HB
76%
70%
77%
74%
74%
75%
Boys Girls
Abertawe Bro Morgannwg
82% 69%
Aneurin Bevan 81% 61%
Betsi Cadwaladr 82% 69%
Cardiff & Vale 80% 69%
Cwm Taf 81% 72%
Hwyel Dda 81% 67%
Powys 81% 70%
Welsh
Average
74%
There is not a statistically significant relationship between agreeing that
one gets emotional help and support from the father and LHB
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How easy is it for you to talk to the following people about things that really
bother you?
The findings suggest that young people find it easier to
talk to their father now, than was the case in 1994
49
60 61 59
66 70
75
56
65 67 68
76 78
82
42
55 54
49
57 60
67
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
1986 1990 1994 1998 2002 2006 2010 2014
All
Boys
Girls
% very easy/easy to talk to father
Base: All responding pupils in years 7, 9, 11: 5,992 (1986); 3,609 (1994); 3,767 (1998); 3,539 (2002); 3,814 (2006); 4,694 (2010); 4,642 (2014)
Young people were presented with a scale : Very easy, Easy, Difficult, Very difficult. Shown here are the response for people who say it is very easy or easy for them to
talk to their father. Source: Welsh Government/
Ipsos MORI
1994 figures are significantly different to 2014 figures
1990 data not comparable. 1986 data is not directly comparable but has been included as a benchmark.
157
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How easy is it for you to talk to the following people about things that really
bother you?
Communicating with fathers: Girls
42
55 54 49
57 61
67
47
64 60 59
71 71
78
39
51 54
45
54 61
66
39
49 48
42 47
51
57
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
1986 1990 1994 1998 2002 2006 2010 2014
All girls
Girl Y7
Girl Y9
Girl Y11
% very easy/easy to talk to father
Base: All responding pupils in years 7, 9, 11: 5,992 (1986); 3,609 (1994); 3,767 (1998); 3,539 (2002); 3,814 (2006); 4,694 (2010); 4,642 (2014)
Base sizes for age/year group cells are at least 505
Source: Welsh Government/
Ipsos MORI
1986 data are not directly comparable but have been included as a benchmark.
158
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How easy is it for you to talk to the following people about things that really
bother you?
Communicating with fathers: Boys
56
65
67
68
76
78
82
61
77 77 73
84 83 86
57 62 63
70
76 79 81
51
58 60 60
68 73
79
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
1986 1990 1994 1998 2002 2006 2010 2014
All boys
Boy Y7
Boy Y9
Boy Y11
% very easy/easy to talk to father
Base: All responding pupils in years 7, 9, 11: 5,992 (1986); 3,609 (1994); 3,767 (1998); 3,539 (2002); 3,814 (2006); 4,694 (2010); 4,642 (2014)
Base sizes for age/year group cells are at least 505
Source: Welsh Government/
Ipsos MORI
1986 data are not directly comparable but have been included as a benchmark.
159
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Slide 159
85%
87%
82%
92%
89%
84%
82%
78%
82%
83%
86%
Total
Male
Female
Year 7
Year 8
Year 9
Year 10
Year 11
FAS 1 (LOW)
FAS 2 (MED)
FAS 3 (HIGH)
% Very easy/ easy
How easy is it for you to talk to the following people about things that really
bother you? (Mother)
Significantly more 11-16 year olds find it easy to talk to their mother (85%) than their father (74%)
Source: Ipsos MORI
54%
31%
11% 5%
Very easy
Easy
Difficult
Very difficult
Very easy/
easy = 85%
Base: All respondents aged 11 to 16 surveyed between November 2013 and March 2014 (8,546*)
*Base excludes respondents who do not have / do not see their mother
There is a statistically significant relationship between agreeing that one gets emotional help and support
from the mother and the following variables: Gender, Year Group, FAS
160
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Base: All respondents aged 11 to 16 surveyed between November 2013 and March 2014 (8,546*)
*Base excludes respondents who do not have / do not see their mother Source: Ipsos MORI
% Very easy/ easy
Boys are consistently more likely to say they find it easy to talk to their mother compared to girls across ages and FAS
How easy is it for you to talk to the following people about things that really
bother you? (Mother)
93 89 88
85 83
92 88
80 78 74
0
20
40
60
80
100
Year 7 Year 8 Year 9 Year 10 Year 11
84 86 89 80 80 84
FAS 1 (LOW) FAS 2 (MED) FAS 3 (HIGH)
% Boys % Girls
% Girls
% Boys
There is a statistically significant relationship between agreeing that it is easy or very easy to talk to their
mother and the following variables: Boys’ Age, Girls’ Age, Gender within FAS 2
161
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Base: All respondents aged 11 to 16 surveyed between November 2013 and March 2014 (8,546*)
*Base excludes respondents who do not have / do not see their mother Source: Ipsos MORI
How easy 11-16 year olds report finding talking to their mother is fairly consistent across LHB
% Very easy/ easy
How easy is it for you to talk to the following people about things that really
bother you? (Mother)
85%
Betsi Cadwaladr
University HB
Powys Teaching
HB
Cwm Taf
University HB
Abertawe Bro Morgannwg University HB
Hwyel Dda University HB
Cardiff & Vale University HB
Aneurin Bevan
University HB
85%
86%
87%
84%
83%
84%
Boys Girls
Abertawe Bro Morgannwg
85% 84%
Aneurin Bevan 88% 83%
Betsi Cadwaladr 89% 82%
Cardiff & Vale 86% 82%
Cwm Taf 88% 84%
Hwyel Dda 86% 80%
Powys 87% 83%
Welsh
Average
85%
There is not a statistically significant relationship between getting
emotional help and support the mother and LHB
162
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How easy is it for you to talk to the following people about things that really
bother you?
Consistently, the vast majority of young people say they find it
easy to talk to their mother about things that trouble them
77 82 82
79 83 84 85
74
81 81 79 84 85
87
79 82 84
80 82 83
82
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
1986 1990 1994 1998 2002 2006 2010 2014
All
Boys
Girls
% very easy/easy to talk to mother
Base: All responding pupils in years 7, 9, 11: 6,171 (1986); 3,783 (1994); 4,004 (1998); 3,732 (2002); 3,961 (2006); 4,973 (2010); 5,086 (2014)
Young people were presented with a scale : Very easy, Easy, Difficult, Very difficult. Shown here are the response for people who say it is very easy or easy for them to talk to their
mother. Source: Welsh Government/
Ipsos MORI
1994 figures are NOT significantly different to 2014 figures (based on total sample)
1990 data not comparable. 1986 data is not directly comparable but has been included as a benchmark.
.
163
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How easy is it for you to talk to the following people about things that really
bother you?
Communicating with mothers: Girls
79 82 84
80
82
83 82 84
91 91 87
91 90
92
79 80 83 79
83 82 81
75 75 77 73 74
77 73
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
1986 1990 1994 1998 2002 2006 2010 2014
All girls
Girl Y7
Girl Y9
Girl Y11
% very easy/easy to talk to mother
Base: All responding pupils in years 7, 9, 11: 6,171 (1986); 3,783 (1994); 4,004 (1998); 3,732 (2002); 3,961 (2006); 4,973 (2010); 5,086 (2014)
Base sizes for age/year group cells are at least 550
Source: Welsh Government/
Ipsos MORI
1986 data are not directly comparable but have been included as a benchmark.
164
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Slide 164
How easy is it for you to talk to the following people about things that really bother
you?
Communicating with mothers: Boys
74
81 81
79 84
85 87 79
88 88 85
91 92
93
74 79 79
80
85 85 88
70
76 75 72
78 81 83
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
1986 1990 1994 1998 2002 2006 2010 2014
All boys
Boy Y7
Boy Y9
Boy Y11
% very easy/easy to talk to mother
Base: All responding pupils in years 7, 9, 11: 6,171 (1986); 3,783 (1994); 4,004 (1998); 3,732 (2002); 3,961 (2006); 4,973 (2010); 5,086 (2014)
Base sizes for age/year group cells are at least 550
Source: Welsh Government/
Ipsos MORI
1986 data are not directly comparable but have been included as a benchmark.
165
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Here is a statement about your teachers. Please show how much your agree
or disagree with it. I feel that my teachers accept me as I am
Three-quarters of young people agree their teachers accept them for who they are; rising to over four in five Year 7s
30%
44%
15%
7% 4%
Strongly agree AgreeNeither/nor DisagreeStrongly disagree
Source: Ipsos MORI
74%
76%
73%
83%
76%
72%
68%
71%
74%
72%
75%
Total
Male
Female
Year 7
Year 8
Year 9
Year 10
Year 11
FAS 1 (LOW)
FAS 2 (MED)
FAS 3 (HIGH)
% Agree
Base: All respondents aged 11 to 16 stating an answer surveyed between November 2013 and March 2014 (8,866)
There is a statistically significant relationship between agreeing that teachers accept for
who one is and the following variables: Gender, Year Group
166
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Source: Ipsos MORI
% Agree (i.e. ‘strongly agree’ or ‘agree’)
Here is a statement about your teachers. Please show how much your agree
or disagree with it. I feel that my teachers accept me as I am
The sense that teachers accept them for who they are decreases with age among both boys and (especially) girls
Base: All respondents aged 11 to 16 stating an answer surveyed between November 2013 and March 2014 (8,866)
81
78 73 73
74
85
75 72
64 68
0
20
40
60
80
100
Year 7 Year 8 Year 9 Year 10 Year 11
77 74 77 71 71 73
FAS 1 (LOW) FAS 2 (MED) FAS 3 (HIGH)
% Boys % Girls
% Girls
% Boys
There is a statistically significant relationship between agreeing that teachers accept for who one
is and the following variables: Boys’ Age, Girls’ Age, Gender within FAS 3
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Here is a statement about your teachers. Please show how much your agree
or disagree with it. I feel that my teachers accept me as I am
Source: Ipsos MORI
Views of teachers accepting young people by LHB
% Agree
Base: All respondents aged 11 to 16 stating an answer surveyed between November 2013 and March 2014 (8,866)
Boys Girls
Abertawe Bro Morgannwg
70% 72%
Aneurin Bevan 83% 74%
Betsi Cadwaladr 72% 68%
Cardiff & Vale 78% 76%
Cwm Taf 77% 77%
Hwyel Dda 75% 71%
Powys Teaching 71% 73%
70%
Betsi Cadwaladr
University HB
Powys
Teaching HB
Cwm Taf
University HB
Abertawe Bro Morgannwg University HB
Hwyel Dda University HB
Cardiff & Vale University HB
Aneurin Bevan
University HB
72%
78%
77%
77%
73%
71%
Welsh
Average
74%
There is not a statistically significant relationship between teachers
accepting for who one is and LHB
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Agree 66%
Neither agree or disagree
11%
Disagree 23%
There is a statistically significant relationship between agreeing that one can count on
their friends and the following variables: Gender ,Year Group, FAS
66%
63%
69%
70%
66%
66%
65%
63%
60%
65%
67%
Total
Male
Female
Year 7
Year 8
Year 9
Year 10
Year 11
FAS 1 (LOW)
FAS 2 (MED)
FAS 3 (HIGH)
% Agree (5+)
I can count on my friends when things go wrong
Two-thirds of young people say they can count on their friends; girls,
Year 7s and those in the highest FAS group are more likely to agree
Base: All respondents aged 11 to 16 stating an answer surveyed between November 2013 and March 2014 (8,636) Source: Ipsos MORI
On a scale from 1-7 where 1
is very strongly disagree
and 7 is very strongly agree,
‘Disagree’ on the chart
represents ratings of 1-3
and ‘Agree’ on the chart
represent 5-7.
169
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Base: All respondents aged 11 to 16 stating an answer surveyed between November 2013 and March 2014 (8,636) Source: Ipsos MORI
% Agree
The proportion of girls who can count on their friends dips in Year 11
I can count on my friends when things go wrong
66 63 65 60 63
74 70 67 69
64
0
20
40
60
80
100
Year 7 Year 8 Year 9 Year 10 Year 11
60 63 64 69 67 70
FAS 1 (LOW) FAS 2 (MED) FAS 3 (HIGH)
% Boys % Girls% Girls
% Boys
There is a statistically significant relationship between agreeing that one can
count on their friends and the following variables: Girls’ Age, FAS within girls
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Base: All respondents aged 11 to 16 stating an answer surveyed between November 2013 and March 2014 (8,636) Source: Ipsos MORI
Views of being able to count on friends by LHB
% Agree
I can count on my friends when things go wrong
66%
Betsi Cadwaladr
University HB
Powys Teaching
HB
Abertawe Bro Morgannwg University HB
Hwyel Dda University HB
Cardiff & Vale University HB
Aneurin Bevan
University HB
69%
65%
63%
63%
68%
68%
Boys Girls
Abertawe Bro Morgannwg
65% 71%
Aneurin Bevan 64% 67%
Betsi Cadwaladr 65% 67%
Cardiff & Vale 62% 65%
Cwm Taf 58% 70%
Hwyel Dda 63% 74%
Powys 63% 77%
Welsh
Average
66%
There is not a statistically significant relationship between agreeing that
one can count on their friends and LHB
Cwm Taf
University HB
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24%
49%
18%
8%
Like a lot
Like a bit
Not very much
Not at all
24%
24%
24%
45%
24%
21%
16%
16%
25%
22%
25%
Total
Male
Female
Year 7
Year 8
Year 9
Year 10
Year 11
FAS 1 (LOW)
FAS 2 (MED)
FAS 3 (HIGH)
% Like a lot
How do you feel about school at present?
A quarter of young people like school a lot; Year 7 pupils are particularly positive about school
Base: All respondents aged 11 to 16 stating an answer surveyed between November 2013 and March 2014 (8,934) Source: Ipsos MORI
There is a statistically significant relationship between liking school a lot
and the following variables: Year Group
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Base: All respondents aged 11 to 16 stating an answer surveyed between November 2013 and March 2014 (8,934) Source: Ipsos MORI
% Like a lot
For both boys and girls, the proportion liking school a lot declines with age
How do you feel about school at present?
43
23 22
18
16
47
24
19 14
17
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Year 7 Year 8 Year 9 Year 10 Year 11
27 22 25 24 22 25
FAS 1 (LOW) FAS 2 (MED) FAS 3 (HIGH)
% Boys % Girls
% Girls
% Boys
There is a statistically significant relationship between liking school a lot
and the following variables: Boys’ Age, Girls’ Age
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Base: All respondents aged 11 to 16 stating an answer surveyed between November 2013 and March 2014 (8,934) Source: Ipsos MORI
Satisfaction with school by LHB area
% Like a lot
How do you feel about school at present?
23%
Betsi Cadwaladr
University HB
Powys Teaching
HB
Abertawe Bro Morgannwg University HB
Hwyel Dda University HB
Cardiff & Vale University HB
Aneurin Bevan
University HB
22%
24% 19%
26%
28%
26%
Boys Girls
Abertawe Bro Morgannwg
25% 27%
Aneurin Bevan 27% 21%
Betsi Cadwaladr 22% 23%
Cardiff & Vale 28% 24%
Cwm Taf 18% 19%
Hwyel Dda 23% 33%
Powys 19% 24%
Welsh
Average
24%
There is a statistically significant relationship between liking school a lot
and LHB
Cwm Taf
University HB
174
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Slide 174
How do you feel about school at present?
Results have held (1986-2014) with over a quarter of young
people saying that they like school a lot
25 26
19 18
24 24
28 27
21 22
18 16
24 22
27 26
29 30
21 20
25 25
30
27
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
1986 1990 1994 1998 2002 2006 2010 2014
All
Boys
Girls
% like school a lot
Base: All responding pupils in years 7, 9, 11: 6,135 (1986); 6,484 (1990); 3,745 (1994); 4,041 (1998); 3,791 (2002); 4,358 (2006); 5,334 (2010); 5,281 (2014). Source: Welsh Government/
Ipsos MORI
1986 figures are NOT significantly different to 2014 figures (based on total sample)
175
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Slide 175
How do you feel about school at present?
Satisfaction with school: Girls
29
30
21 20
25 25
30
27
36
39
31 29
41
36
49 47
28 28
17 16
23
21 26 19 25
23
13 15
13
19 17 16
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
1986 1990 1994 1998 2002 2006 2010 2014
All girls
Girl Y7
Girl Y9
Girl Y11
% like school a lot
Base: All responding pupils in years 7, 9, 11: 6,135 (1986); 6,484 (1990); 3,745 (1994); 4,041 (1998); 3,791 (2002); 4,358 (2006); 5,334 (2010); 5,281 (2014).
Base sizes for age/year group cells are at least 540
Source: Welsh Government/
Ipsos MORI
176
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Slide 176
How do you feel about school at present?
Satisfaction with school: Boys
21 22
18 16
24 22
27 26 24
27 25
22
35
30
40
43
19 21
16 13
20 19 20
22
19 17
14 12
18 18
21
15
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
1986 1990 1994 1998 2002 2006 2010 2014
All boys
Boy Y7
Boy Y9
Boy Y11
% like school a lot
Base: All responding pupils in years 7, 9, 11: 6,135 (1986); 6,484 (1990); 3,745 (1994); 4,041 (1998); 3,791 (2002); 4,358 (2006); 5,334 (2010); 5,281 (2014).
Base sizes for age/year group cells are at least 540
Source: Welsh Government/
Ipsos MORI
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Slide 177
17%
22%
40%
20%
A lot
Some
A little
Not at all
39%
34%
44%
22%
27%
32%
54%
59%
40%
39%
39%
Total
Male
Female
Year 7
Year 8
Year 9
Year 10
Year 11
FAS 1 (LOW)
FAS 2 (MED)
FAS 3 (HIGH)
% Lot/some
How pressured do you feel by the schoolwork you have to do?
Two in five young people report feeling pressured by the schoolwork they have to do
Base: All respondents aged 11 to 16 stating an answer surveyed between November 2013 and March 2014 (8,929) Source: Ipsos MORI
There is a statistically significant relationship between feeling a lot or some pressure from schoolwork and
the following variables: Gender, Year Group
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Slide 178
Base: All respondents aged 11 to 16 stating an answer surveyed between November 2013 and March 2014 (8,929) Source: Ipsos MORI
% Lot/some
Year 10-11 pupils, and girls across all family affluence groups, are most likely to feel pressured by schoolwork
How pressured do you feel by the schoolwork you have to do?
22 26
28
43
52
23 28
36
65 67
0
20
40
60
80
Year 7 Year 8 Year 9 Year 10 Year 11
33 35 34 46 44 45
FAS 1 (LOW) FAS 2 (MED) FAS 3 (HIGH)
% Boys % Girls% Girls
% Boys
There is a statistically significant relationship between feeling a lot or some pressure from schoolwork and the following
variables: Boys’ Age, Girls’ Age, Gender within FAS 1, Gender within FAS 2, Gender within FAS 3
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Base: All respondents aged 11 to 16 stating an answer surveyed between November 2013 and March 2014 (8,929) Source: Ipsos MORI
Feeling pressured by schoolwork by LHB
% Lot/some
How pressured do you feel by the schoolwork you have to do?
40%
Betsi Cadwaladr
University HB
Powys Teaching
HB
Abertawe Bro Morgannwg University HB
Hwyel Dda University HB
Cardiff & Vale University HB
Aneurin Bevan
University HB
39%
39% 37%
39%
37%
43%
Boys Girls
Abertawe Bro Morgannwg
38% 47%
Aneurin Bevan 34% 43%
Betsi Cadwaladr 35% 46%
Cardiff & Vale 32% 45%
Cwm Taf 33% 43%
Hwyel Dda 33% 42%
Powys 37% 41%
Welsh
Average
39%
There is not a statistically significant relationship between being pressured
by schoolwork and LHB
Cwm Taf
University HB
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13%
37% 30%
12%
7%
Strongly agree
Agree
Neither/nor
Disagree
Strongly disagree
50%
51%
50%
70%
57%
49%
40%
40%
56%
49%
51%
Total
Male
Female
Year 7
Year 8
Year 9
Year 10
Year 11
FAS 1 (LOW)
FAS 2 (MED)
FAS 3 (HIGH)
% Agree/Strongly Agree
Please show how much you agree or disagree with this statement.
At our school, pupils’ ideas are treated seriously
Half of all young people say that at their school pupils’ ideas are treated seriously
Base: All respondents aged 11 to 16 stating an answer surveyed between November 2013 and March 2014 (8,796) Source: Ipsos MORI
There is a statistically significant relationship between believing pupils’ ideas are
taken seriously and the following variables: Year Group
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Base: All respondents aged 11 to 16 stating an answer surveyed between November 2013 and March 2014 (8,796) Source: Ipsos MORI
% Agree
As pupils get older they are less likely to think their ideas are taken seriously at school – this is common to boys and girls
Please show how much you agree or disagree with this statement.
At our school, pupils’ ideas are treated seriously
67 57
53
42 42
73
56
45 38 37
0
20
40
60
80
100
Year 7 Year 8 Year 9 Year 10 Year 11
60 49 52 52 48 50
FAS 1 (LOW) FAS 2 (MED) FAS 3 (HIGH)
% Boys % Girls
% Girls
% Boys
There is a statistically significant relationship between believing pupil’s’ ideas are
taken seriously and the following variables: Boys’ Age, Girls’ Age
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Base: All respondents aged 11 to 16 surveyed between November 2013 and March 2014 (8,796) Source: Ipsos MORI
View that pupils’ ideas are treated seriously by LHB
% Agree
Please show how much you agree or disagree with this statement. At our
school, pupils’ ideas are treated seriously
52%
Betsi Cadwaladr
University HB
Powys Teaching
University HB
Abertawe Bro Morgannwg University HB
Hwyel Dda University HB
Cardiff & Vale University HB
Aneurin Bevan
University HB
47%
54% 51%
48%
48%
49%
Boys Girls
Abertawe Bro Morgannwg
50% 48%
Aneurin Bevan 58% 51%
Betsi Cadwaladr 52% 51%
Cardiff & Vale 49% 46%
Cwm Taf 51% 51%
Hwyel Dda 46% 51%
Powys 46% 50%
Welsh
Average
50%
There is not a statistically significant relationship between agreeing that
pupils’ ideas are taken seriously and LHB
Cwm Taf
University HB
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How often have you taken part in bullying another pupil(s) at school in the
past couple of months?
Almost one in five young people admit to bullying another pupil at school in the last couple of months
82%
16%
Haven't Once or twice
2-3 times per month Once a week
Several times/week
2-3 times
per month (1%)
Once a week
(1%) Several times
a week (1%)
Source: Ipsos MORI
18%
23%
14%
16%
20%
19%
18%
18%
21%
17%
18%
Total
Male
Female
Year 7
Year 8
Year 9
Year 10
Year 11
FAS 1 (LOW)
FAS 2 (MED)
FAS 3 (HIGH)
% Has bullied
Base: All respondents aged 11 to 16 stating an answer surveyed between November 2013 and March 2014 (8,801)
There is a statistically significant relationship between bullying in the last
couple of months and the following variables: Gender
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Source: Ipsos MORI
% Has bullied
How often have you taken part in bullying another pupil(s) at school in the
past couple of months?
The higher levels of self-reported bullying amongst boys, varies across year group; peaking in Years 8 and 10
Base: All respondents aged 11 to 16 stating an answer surveyed between November 2013 and March 2014 (8,801)
18
25
22
25
23
13 15
17
12
12
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Year 7 Year 8 Year 9 Year 10 Year 11
26 21 23
15 12 14
FAS 1 (LOW) FAS 2 (MED) FAS 3 (HIGH)
% Boys % Girls
% Girls
% Boys
There is a statistically significant relationship between bullying in the last couple of months and the following
variables: Boys’ Age, Gender within FAS 1, Gender within FAS 2, Gender within FAS 3
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How often have you taken part in bullying another pupil(s) at school in the
past couple of months?
Source: Ipsos MORI
Rates of bullying others by LHB
% Has bullied
Base: All respondents aged 11 to 16 stating an answer surveyed between November 2013 and March 2014 (8,801)
Boys Girls
Abertawe Bro Morgannwg
21% 10%
Aneurin Bevan 24% 18%
Betsi Cadwaladr 22% 14%
Cardiff & Vale 23% 14%
Cwm Taf 26% 18%
Hwyel Dda 20% 10%
Powys 26% 11%
18%
Betsi Cadwaladr
University HB
Powys Teaching
HB
Abertawe Bro Morgannwg University HB
Hwyel Dda University HB
Cardiff & Vale University HB
Aneurin Bevan
University HB
19%
21%
22%
18%
15%
15%
Welsh
Average
18%
There is a statistically significant relationship between bullying others in
the last couple of months and LHB
Cwm Taf
University HB
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How often have you taken part in bullying another pupil(s) at school in the
past couple of months?
The data indicates that over time the proportions of young
people involved in bullying others have declined
21 21
18 17
26 25
22
20
15
18
14 13
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
1986 1990 1994 1998 2002 2006 2010 2014
All
Boys
Girls
% bullied others in past few months
Base: All responding pupils in years 7, 9, 11: 3,916 (2002); 4,334 (2006); 5,248 (2010); 5,187 (2014)
‘Bullied over past few months’ defined as young people who say they have bullied another pupil/s at school in the past couple of months at least once
Source: Welsh Government/
Ipsos MORI
2002 figures are significantly different to 2014 figures (based on total sample)
1986-1998 data not comparable
.
187
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How often have you taken part in bullying another pupil(s) at school in the
past couple of months?
Rates of bullying others: Girls
15
18
14 13
12
16
8
12
18
21 20
16 16 16
12 12
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
1986 1990 1994 1998 2002 2006 2010 2014
All girls
Girl Y7
Girl Y9
Girl Y11
% bullied others in past few months
Base: All responding pupils in years 7, 9, 11: 3,916 (2002); 4,334 (2006); 5,248 (2010); 5,187 (2014)
Base sizes for age/year group cells are at least 572
Source: Welsh Government/
Ipsos MORI
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How often have you taken part in bullying another pupil(s) at school in the
past couple of months?
Rates of bullying others: Boys
26 25
22 20 21
23
16 17
31
28 27
21
24 24
24
22
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
1986 1990 1994 1998 2002 2006 2010 2014
All boys
Boy Y7
Boy Y9
Boy Y11
% bullied others in past few months
Base: All responding pupils in years 7, 9, 11: 3,916 (2002); 4,334 (2006); 5,248 (2010); 5,187 (2014)
Base sizes for age/year group cells are at least 572
Source: Welsh Government/
Ipsos MORI
189
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How often have you been bullied at school in the past couple of months?
Over a third of young people have been bullied at school in the past couple of months
64%
23%
5% 4%
4%
Haven't
Once or twice
2-3 times per month
Once a week
Several times/week
Source: Ipsos MORI
37%
34%
39%
37%
40%
40%
33%
33%
45%
39%
34%
Total
Male
Female
Year 7
Year 8
Year 9
Year 10
Year 11
FAS 1 (LOW)
FAS 2 (MED)
FAS 3 (HIGH)
% Has been bullied
Base: All respondents aged 11 to 16 stating an answer surveyed between November 2013 and March 2014 (8,816)
There is a statistically significant relationship between being bullied in the last couple of
months and the following variables: Gender, Year Group, FAS
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Source: Ipsos MORI
% Has been bullied
How often have you been bullied at school in the past couple of months?
For both boys and girls, rates of bullying dip after Year 9
Base: All respondents aged 11 to 16 stating an answer surveyed between November 2013 and March 2014 (8,816)
37 38 36 32 29
37
42 45
34 36
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Year 7 Year 8 Year 9 Year 10 Year 11
42 36
32
48 42
36
FAS 1 (LOW) FAS 2 (MED) FAS 3 (HIGH)
% Boys % Girls
% Girls
% Boys
There is a statistically significant relationship between being bullied in the last couple of months and
the following variables: Boys’ Age, Girls’ Age, Gender within FAS 2, FAS within boys, FAS within girls
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How often have you been bullied at school in the past couple of months?
Rates of being bullied by LHB
% Has been bullied
Base: All respondents aged 11 to 16 stating an answer surveyed between November 2013 and March 2014 (8,816) Source: Ipsos MORI
Boys Girls
Abertawe Bro Morgannwg
33% 36%
Aneurin Bevan 34% 43%
Betsi Cadwaladr 36% 39%
Cardiff & Vale 34% 38%
Cwm Taf 35% 42%
Hwyel Dda 32% 32%
Powys 36% 38%
38%
Betsi Cadwaladr
University HB
Powys Teaching
HB
Abertawe Bro Morgannwg University HB
Hwyel Dda University HB
Cardiff & Vale University HB
Aneurin Bevan
University HB
37%
39%
38%
36%
32%
35%
Welsh
Average
37%
There is not a statistically significant relationship between being bullied in
the last couple of months and LHB
Cwm Taf
University HB
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How often have you been bullied at school in the past couple of months?
Reported bullying rates have changed little from 2002 to
2014, although some evidence of an increase since 2010
28
30
26
35
27 29
28 33 29
31
24
38
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
1986 1990 1994 1998 2002 2006 2010 2014
All
Boys
Girls
% been bullied past few months
Base: All responding pupils in years 7, 9, 11: 3,927 (2002); 4,338 (2006); 5,261 (2010); 5,198 (2014)
‘Been bullied over past few months’ defined as young people who say they have been bullied at school in the past couple of months at least once
Source: Welsh Government/
Ipsos MORI
2002 figures are significantly different to 2014 figures (based on total sample)
1986-1998 data not comparable
.
193
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How often have you been bullied at school in the past couple of months?
Rates of being bullied: Girls
29 31
24
38
34 36
28
36
32 32
25
44
21
24
20
36
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
1986 1990 1994 1998 2002 2006 2010 2014
All girls
Girl Y7
Girl Y9
Girl Y11
% been bullied past few months
Base: All responding pupils in years 7, 9, 11: 4,090 (2002); 4,409 (2006); 5,481 (2010); 5,154 (2014)
Base sizes for age/year group cells are at least 572
Source: Welsh Government/
Ipsos MORI
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How often have you been bullied at school in the past couple of months?
Rates of being bullied: Boys
27 29 28
33
35 34
28
35
30 32
32
36
17
20
24
28
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
1986 1990 1994 1998 2002 2006 2010 2014
All boys
Boy Y7
Boy Y9
Boy Y11
% been bullied past few months
Base: All responding pupils in years 7, 9, 11: 4,090 (2002); 4,409 (2006); 5,481 (2010); 5,154 (2014)
Base sizes for age/year group cells are at least 572
Source: Welsh Government/
Ipsos MORI
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During the past 12 months, how many times were you in a physical fight?
One in ten young people have been in three or more physical fights in the past 12 months
70%
14%
7% 3% 6%
None 1 time
2 times 3 times
4 times or more
Source: Ipsos MORI
9%
12%
6%
11%
8%
9%
9%
7%
13%
9%
8%
Total
Male
Female
Year 7
Year 8
Year 9
Year 10
Year 11
FAS 1 (LOW)
FAS 2 (MED)
FAS 3 (HIGH)
% 3+ fights
Base: All respondents aged 11 to 16 stating an answer surveyed between November 2013 and March 2014 (8,845)
There is a statistically significant relationship between being in 3+ fights in the last
12 months and the following variables: Gender, Year Group, FAS
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Source: Ipsos MORI
% 3+ fights
During the past 12 months, how many times were you in a physical fight?
Girls in middle and high affluence households are less likely to report being in a physical fight
Base: All respondents aged 11 to 16 stating an answer surveyed between November 2013 and March 2014 (8,845)
15
11 12
11
10 7
6 7 7 4
0
5
10
15
20
25
Year 7 Year 8 Year 9 Year 10 Year 11
14 12 11 12
6 5
FAS 1 (LOW) FAS 2 (MED) FAS 3 (HIGH)
% Boys % Girls
% Girls
% Boys
There is a statistically significant relationship between being in 3+ fights in the last 12 months and
the following variables: Gender within FAS 2, Gender within FAS 3, FAS within girls
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During the past 12 months, how many times were you in a physical fight?
Source: Ipsos MORI
Being involved in physical fights by LHB
% 3+ fights
Base: All respondents aged 11 to 16 surveyed between November 2013 and March 2014 (8,845)
Boys Girls
Abertawe Bro Morgannwg
15% 6%
Aneurin Bevan 10% 7%
Betsi Cadwaladr 12% 6%
Cardiff & Vale 10% 5%
Cwm Taf 12% 7%
Hwyel Dda 10% 5%
Powys 16% 8%
9%
Betsi Cadwaladr
University HB
Powys Teaching
HB
Abertawe Bro Morgannwg University HB
Hwyel Dda University HB
Cardiff & Vale University HB
Aneurin Bevan
University HB
13%
8%
10%
8%
7%
10%
Welsh
Average
9%
There is not a statistically significant relationship between having 3 fights
or more in the past 12 months and LHB
Cwm Taf
University HB
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Version 1 | Internal/ Client use only
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Annex: technical details and
clarification notes
199
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Where to find more information about the Health Behaviour in School-Aged Children (HBSC) study
Further details about the HBSC survey methodology can be found in the Technical Report published
alongside this document, as well as the following journal article: Roberts C., Freeman J., Samdal O.,
Schnohr C.W., de Looze M.E., Nic Gabhainn S., Iannotti R., Rasmussen M. and the International HBSC
Study Group. (2009). The Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) study: methodological
developments and current tensions. International Journal of Public Health, 54, S140-150.
200
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The Family Affluence Scale (FAS)
• More information on FAS and how it was developed can be found in the technical report and the
following journal article: Currie C., Molcho M., Boyce W., Holstein B., Torsheim T., Richter M. (2008).
Researching health inequalities in adolescents: the development of the Health Behaviour in School-
aged Children (HBSC) family affluence scale. Social Science and Medicine, 66 (6), 1429-1436.
• In this report, family affluence has been employed to classify young people’s socioeconomic status. The
HBSC FAS measure is based on a set of questions on the material conditions of the households in
which young people live. The questions are straightforward for children and young people to answer
and capture: car ownership; bedroom occupancy; holidays; and home computers. The FAS measure
has several benefits, such as the low percentage of missing responses from young people and its
cross-national comparability. By contrast, parental occupation measures tend to suffer from missing
data and differences in countries’ classification schemes.
• It should be noted that two additional items were included in 2013/14, having a dishwasher and number
of bathrooms, with work on revisions to FAS ongoing. As this work was not complete at the time of
drafting this report, the version of FAS used in previous years is included here.
201
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Statistical significance testing
• The data and statistical significance testing in the HBSC report was undertaken using SPSS 17.0 and
19.0. Ipsos MORI used the complex samples module in SPSS to take into account the impact of
stratification, clustering and non-response on the survey estimates. The complex samples module
allows us to take into account sample stratification, clustering, and weighting to correct for non-response
bias when conducting significance testing. This means that we are much less likely to obtain ‘false
positive’ results to significance tests (in other words interpret a difference as real when it is not) than if
we used the standard formulae. Data was tested at the 95% significance level.
• The significance testing allows us to test the significance of relationships between the variable under
consideration (e.g. proportion of children eating breakfast daily) and pupil characteristics (e.g. gender).
• The significance of the following pupil characteristics were tested for each variable: gender, school year,
FAS (3 groups), age by gender and gender by FAS. Age by gender looks separately at boys from
school year 7 to school year 11 and girls from school year 7 to school year 11. Gender by FAS looks at
the significance of any gender differences within each of the three FAS groups.
• Please note no significance testing was undertaken between individual LHB areas.
• Where trends are presented, the significance testing compares the 2013/14 figure with the earliest time
point available for boys, girls and boys/girls combined.
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Derivation of variables used for reporting
Most indicators in this report should be clear from the descriptions given. However, a small number have
been derived from pupils’ responses to a number of questions, as detailed below:
• BMI Group – pupils were asked to report on their height and weight (with the option of reporting metric
or imperial units for both questions). Implausible values on height/weight were removed based on
thresholds set out in the HBSC research protocol. BMI was calculated separately for boys and girls
within each age group using age/sex specific thresholds for overweight and obesity.
• How often do you drink anything alcoholic – pupils were asked separately about their consumption of
beer, wine, spirits, alcopops (from 1998 onwards), cider, and any other alcoholic drink on a frequency
scale (daily, weekly, monthly, rarely, never). A composite variable was derived for this report which
takes the frequency value of the alcoholic drink consumed most frequently. We report here on past
week consumption: in many studies, the incidence of a behaviour in the past week is used as a proxy
for regularly engaging in that behaviour.
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Sample profile
Table A below shows the unweighted profile of secondary school pupils who participated in the
HBSC 2013/14 study and the weighted profile for gender and year group.
Table A Unweighted (N) Unweighted (%) Weighted (%)
Gender
Girls 4,457 49% 50%
Boys 4,565 51% 50%
No gender provided 33 *% *%
Year group
7 1,893 21% 19%
8 1,879 21% 19%
9 1,897 21% 20%
10 1,778 20% 21%
11 1,608 18% 21%
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Sample profile
Table B illustrates the unweighted profile of secondary school pupils who participated in the
HBSC 2013/14 study and the weighted profile for LHB and FAS.
Table B Unweighted (N) Unweighted (%) Weighted (%)
Local Health Board (LHB)
Abertawe Bro Morgannwg University HB 931 10 16
Aneurin Bevan University HB 975 11 20
Betsi Cadwaladr University HB 2,356 26 22
Cardiff & the Vale University HB 1,265 14 16
Cwm Taf University HB 1,082 12 10
Hwyel Dda University HB 1,513 17 12
Powys Teaching HB 933 10 4
Family Affluence Score (FAS)
FAS 1 (Low) 541 6 7
FAS 2 (Medium) 2645 29 31
FAS 3 (High) 5651 62 62