2014 02-19 beyondraisedbeds
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Community Gardens bring diverse benefits to towns and cities.TRANSCRIPT
Beyond Raised Beds: How cities and towns benefit from community gardens!February 19, 2014!
“the most important word in
community garden is not garden”
-Jack Hale, quoted in Mark Winne’s “Closing the Food Gap: Resetting the Table in the Land of Plenty” 2008!
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.!http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/deed.en_US!
Beyond Raised Beds: How cities and towns benefit from community gardens!February 19, 2014!
BEYOND RAISED BEDS: HOW CITIES + TOWNS BENEFIT FROM COMMUNITY GARDENS
Beyond Raised Beds: How cities and towns benefit from community gardens!February 19, 2014!
1: Seeing community gardens
as part of their context
2: Seeing community gardens
as multi-functional tools
3: Seeing municipal government as
partners in community gardening
Beyond Raised Beds: How cities and towns benefit from community gardens!February 19, 2014!
Beyond Raised Beds: How cities and towns benefit from community gardens!February 19, 2014!
1: Seeing community gardens
as part of their context
Beyond Raised Beds: How cities and towns benefit from community gardens!February 19, 2014!
Beyond Raised Beds: How cities and towns benefit from community gardens!February 19, 2014!
from “Cities, Poverty, and Food: Multi-Stakeholder Policy and Planning in Urban Agriculture”,Marianne Dubbeling et al.
2: Seeing community gardens
as multi-functional tools
Beyond Raised Beds: How cities and towns benefit from community gardens!February 19, 2014!
SOCIAL BENEFITS
Public Health:!• Food access!• Physical activity!• Obesity prevention!
Of 766 adults surveyed in a Flint, Michigan study, how likely were families to eat 5 or more fruits and vegetables a day?
How many people in an Oregon garden study reported eating vegetables “several times a day”?
People in the Oregon study that reported frequently worrying that monthly food money would run out?
FAMILIES WITHOUT A COMMUNITY GARDENER
BEFORE COMMUNITY GARDENING
BEFORE COMMUNITY GARDENING
FAMILIES WITH A COMMUNITY GARDENER
AFTER COMMUNITY GARDENING
AFTER COMMUNITY GARDENING
3.5x
18%
31%
85%
3%
morelikely
Carney et al., Impact of a Community Gardening Project on Vegetable Intake Food Security, and Family Relationships: a community-based research study. Journal of Community Health (2012).
Alaimo et al., Fruit and Vegetable Intake among Urban Community Gardeners. Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior (2008).
Beyond Raised Beds: How cities and towns benefit from community gardens!February 19, 2014!
SOCIAL BENEFITS
Public Health:!• Food access!• Physical activity!• Obesity prevention!
Zick et al., Harvesting More than Vegetables: The potential weight control benefits of community gardening. American Journal of Public Health (2013).
Beyond Raised Beds: How cities and towns benefit from community gardens!February 19, 2014!
SOCIAL BENEFITS
Public Health:!• Food access!• Physical activity!• Obesity prevention!
Friendship, neighborhood connections!
Growing Success: The impact of Capital Growth on community food growing in London. 2008. found here: http://www.sustainweb.org/publications/?id=264
London Capital Growth:
71% of people have
made a new friend
because they started
growing food
Beyond Raised Beds: How cities and towns benefit from community gardens!February 19, 2014!
SOCIAL BENEFITS
Public Health:!• Food access!• Physical activity!• Obesity prevention!
Friendship, neighborhood connections!
Strengthened community leadership, outreach, and volunteerism !
Teig, E., Amulya, J., Buchenau, M., Bardwell, L., Marshall, J., Litt, J.S, Collective efficacy in Denver, Colorado: Strengthening neighborhoods and health through Community Gardens. Health and Place. 15 (2009), 1115-1122.
Beyond Raised Beds: How cities and towns benefit from community gardens!February 19, 2014!
SOCIAL BENEFITS
Englander, D. (2001). New York’s community gardens – A resource at risk. Retrieved October 31, 2006, from http://tpl.org
vs.
In Philadelphia, “burglaries and thefts
in one precinct dropped by 90% after
police helped residents clean up vacant
lots and plant gardens”
Public Health:!• Food access!• Physical activity!• Obesity prevention!
Friendship, neighborhood connections!
Strengthened community leadership, outreach, and volunteerism!
Crime reduction !
Beyond Raised Beds: How cities and towns benefit from community gardens!February 19, 2014!
ECONOMIC BENEFITS
Surrounding residential property value increases!
1000’ radius
of a Community Garden 9.4% property
value increaseup to
Voicu, Ioan and Been, Vicki, The Effect of Community Gardens on Neighboring Property Values. Real Estate Economics, Vol. 36, Issue 2, pp. 241-283, Summer 2008. Available at SSRN: http://ssrn.com/abstract=1127945 or http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6229.2008.00213.x
Beyond Raised Beds: How cities and towns benefit from community gardens!February 19, 2014!
ECONOMIC BENEFITS
Surrounding residential property value increases!
Home ownership is higher around community gardens!
Voicu, Ioan and Been, Vicki, The Effect of Community Gardens on Neighboring Property Values. Real Estate Economics, Vol. 36, Issue 2, pp. 241-283, Summer 2008. Available at SSRN: http://ssrn.com/abstract=1127945 or http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6229.2008.00213.x
Beyond Raised Beds: How cities and towns benefit from community gardens!February 19, 2014!
ECONOMIC BENEFITS
Surrounding residential property value increases!
Home ownership is higher around community gardens!
Economic impact at the family level: value of food grown!
Hagey et al. Growing Urban Agriculture: Equitable Strategies and Policies for Improving Access to Healthy Food and Revitalizing Communities (2012) http://www.policylink.org/atf/cf/%7B97C6D565-BB43-406D-A6D5-ECA3BBF35AF0%7D/URBAN%20AG_FULLREPORT_WEB1.PDF
every $1 invested in a community
garden plot yields approximately
$6 worth of vegetables
a community garden can yield
between $500 and $2,000 worth
of produce per family per year
Beyond Raised Beds: How cities and towns benefit from community gardens!February 19, 2014!
ECOLOGICAL BENEFITS
Composting reduces trash to landfill!
Gardens provide biological diversity: Bees, insects, birds, worms!
Organic soils slow stormwater runoff!
Green space reduces urban heat island effect!
ecological benefits to neighborhood + city
sales of food grownon the sites
The Freshwater Society. Urban Agriculture as a Green Stormwater Management Strategy (2013) http://www.arboretum.umn.edu/UserFiles/File/2012%20Clean%20Water%20Summit/Freshwater%20Urban%20Ag%20White%20Paper%20Final.pdf
Beyond Raised Beds: How cities and towns benefit from community gardens!February 19, 2014!
3: Seeing municipal government as
partners in community gardening
Beyond Raised Beds: How cities and towns benefit from community gardens!February 19, 2014!
Non-engaged!
Actively participating + promoting!
MUNICIPAL POSITIONS ON COMMUNITY GARDENS
Beyond Raised Beds: How cities and towns benefit from community gardens!February 19, 2014!
Non-engaged!
Actively participating + promoting!
MUNICIPAL POSITIONS ON COMMUNITY GARDENS
Citizen voices; !Municipal recognition of benefits!
Beyond Raised Beds: How cities and towns benefit from community gardens!February 19, 2014!
Are there examples of cities and towns being
proactive partners in community gardens?
https://www.seattle.gov/neighborhoods/ppatch/
Beyond Raised Beds: How cities and towns benefit from community gardens!February 19, 2014!
http://www.cityofsacramento.org/parksandrecreation/parks/community_garden.htm
Are there examples of cities and towns being
proactive partners in community gardens?
Beyond Raised Beds: How cities and towns benefit from community gardens!February 19, 2014!
http://charmeck.org/mecklenburg/county/HealthDepartment/MCFVC/Pages/CommunityGardens.aspx
Are there examples of cities and towns being
proactive partners in community gardens?
Beyond Raised Beds: How cities and towns benefit from community gardens!February 19, 2014!
Resources on the benefits of Community
gardening:
1: Gardening Matters, Multiple Benefits of Community Gardening.!http://www.gardeningmatters.org/sites/default/files/Multiple%20Benefits_2012.pdf!
2: Centers for Disease Control, Community Gardens!http://www.cdc.gov/healthyplaces/healthtopics/healthyfood/community.htm!
3: American Community Gardening Association!https://communitygarden.org!
4: NC Community Garden Partners!!http://www.nccgp.org!
Beyond Raised Beds: How cities and towns benefit from community gardens!February 19, 2014!
Common elements in local food systems (or alternative food systems)
Beyond Raised Beds: How cities and towns benefit from community gardens!February 19, 2014!
Home gardens
Community gardens Farm training
Municipal compost
Community composting
Co-op groceries
Farmers markets
Farmstands
Local aggregators
Urban farms
Vertical systems
Cottage industry
Food incubators Festivals
City Food markets
Farm to table Common elements in local food systems (or alternative food systems)