Infection Control Committee

2016- 2017DR. SAMAH MOHAMMED

Course Code: NUR 240

Lecture ( 3)

1. The Risk of Infection is always Present in every Hospital.

2. Identify frequency of nosocomial infection.3. List factors influence of infection control.4. Discuss transmission.5. Explain basics of infection control.6. Identify goals for infection control and hospital.

epidemiology.7. Discuss infection control committee.8. Explain infection control program.

OUTLINES

Patient may acquire infection before admission to the hospital = Community acquired infection.

Patient may get infected inside the hospital = Nosocomial infection.

It includes infections:- Not present nor incubating at admission. Infections that appear more than 48 hours after admission. Those acquired in the hospital but appear after discharge Also occupational infections among staff.

The Risk of Infection is always Present in every Hospital

3

Frequency of Nosocomial Infection

Nosocomial infections occur worldwide.

The incidence is about 5-8% of hospitalized

patients, 1/3 of which is preventable.

The highest frequencies are in East Mediterranean

and South-East Asia.

A high frequency of N.I. is evidence of poor quality

health service delivered.4

The microbial agent.

Patient susceptibility.

Environmental factors.

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Factors Influencing

Transmission• Where do nosocomial infection come from?

Endogenous infection: When normal patient flora

change to pathogenic bacteria because of change of

normal habitat, damage of skin and inappropriate

antibiotic use. About 50% of N.I. Are caused by this

way.

Exogenous cross infection: Mainly through hands of

healthcare workers, visitors, patients. 6

Basics of Infection Control

Prevention of nosocomial infection is the responsibility of

all individuals and services provided by healthcare setting.

To practice good asepsis, one should always know: what is

dirty, what is clean, what is sterile and keep them separate.

Hospital policies & procedures are applied to prevent

spread of infection in hospital.

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Goals for infection control and hospital epidemiology

There are three principal goals for hospital infection

control and prevention programs:

1. Protect the patients.

2. Protect the health care workers, visitors, and others in

the healthcare environment.

3. Accomplish the previous two goals in a cost effective

and cost efficient manner, whenever possible.8

Infection Control Committee

1. Review and approve surveillance and prevention program.

2. Identify areas for intervention.

3. To assess and promote improved practice at all levels of health facility.

4. To ensure appropriate staff training.

5. Safety management.

6 Development of policies for the prevention and control of infection.

7. To develop its own infection control manual.

8. Monitor and evaluate the performance of program.9

Infection Control Committee

E It is a multidisciplinary committee responsible for monitoring program policies implementation and recommend corrective actions.

E It includes representatives from different concerned hospital departments & management. They meet bimonthly.

E It establishes standards for patient care, it reviews and assesses IC reports and identifies areas of intervention.

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• In the majority of countries ICP, typically

operates on two levels: an executive body – the

infection control team (ICT) – and an advisory

body to the hospital management – the infection

control committee (ICC) – which adopts the

‘legislative’ role of policy making.

Infection control program (ICP)

• The important components are :1) Basic measures i.e. standard and additional precautions.2) Education and training of healthcare workers.3) Protection of healthcare workers e.g. immunization.4) Identification of hazards and minimizing risks.5) Routine practices such as aseptic techniques, handlingand use of blood and blood products, waste management,use of single use devices.6) Surveillance. 7) Incident monitoring.8) Research.

Infection Control Program

Surveillance Preventive Activ ities Staff Training

Program Com ponents

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Scope of Infection Control

Aiming at preventing spread of infection:

Standard precautions: these measures must be applied during every patient care, during exposure to any potentially infected material or body fluids as blood and others.

Components: A. Hand washing. B. Barrier precautions. C. Sharp disposal. D. Handling of contaminated material.

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• Model good hand washing /

hand hygiene practices

• Encourage others to do the

same.

• Maintain hand hygiene

supplies for your area.

• Maintain soap and paper

products for your area.

Make your hospital a model for hand washing

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Hand washing is the single most effective precaution for prevention of infection transmission between patients and staff.

Hand washing with plain soap is

mechanical removal of soil and

transient bacteria (for 10- 15 sec.)

Hand antisepsis is removal & destroy

of transient flora using anti-microbial

soap or alcohol based hand rub (for

60 sec.)

HAND WASHING

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Infection control is responsibility of ???

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Do not forget it is everyone's responsibility

Dr. Dalia M. Mohsen 18

Have a vision for creating better hospitals

Dr. Dalia M. Mohsen 19