Preliminary ExaminationESE 2017UPSC ENGINEERING SERVICES EXAMINATION

General Studies andEngineering Aptitude

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General Principles of Design, Drawing and Importance of Safety

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Comprehensive Theory with Practice Questions

As per new syllabus of ESE 2017

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ESE-2017 : Preliminary ExaminationPaper-I : General Studies and Engineering Aptitude

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PrefaceThe compilation of this book General Principles of Design,

Drawing and Importance of Safety was motivated by

the desire to provide a concise book which can benefit

students to understand the concepts of Design, Drawing

and Safety aspects in Engineering.

This textbook General Principles of Design, Drawing and

Importance of Safety provides all the requirements of

the students, i.e. comprehensive coverage of theory,

fundamental concepts and objective type questions articulated in a lucid language. The concise

presentation will help the readers grasp the theory of this subject with clarity and apply them

with ease to solve objective questions quickly. This book not only covers the syllabus of ESE but

also addresses the need of many other competitive examinations. Topics like ‘Design for Quality,

Quality Function Deployment (QFD), Failure Mode Effect Analysis (FMEA), Six Sigma, Orthographic

Projections, Safety Management System, Occupational Health and Industrial Hygiene and Safety in

Engineering Industry’ are given full emphasis keeping in mind of our research on their importance

in competitive examinations.

We have put in our sincere efforts to present detailed theory and MCQs without compromising the

accuracy of answers. For the interest of the readers, some notes, do you know and interesting facts

are given in the comprehensive manner. At the end of each chapter, sets of practice question are

given with their keys, that will allow the readers to evaluate their understanding of the topics and

sharper their question solving skills.

Our team has made their best efforts to remove all possible errors of any kind. Nonetheless, we would

highly appreciate and acknowledge if you find and share with us any printing and conceptual errors.

It is impossible to thank all the individuals who helped us, but we would like to sincerely thank all

the authors, editors and reviewers for putting in their efforts to publish this book.

With Best Wishes

B. Singh

CMD, MADE EASY Group

Section - A : General Principles of Design

Chapter 1General Principles of Design .................. 1 1.1 Introduction ........................................................................ 1

1.2 The Engineering Design ................................................. 2

1.3 Fundamentals of Design ..............................................14

1.4 Design for Quality ...........................................................20

1.5 Quality Function Deployment (QFD) .......................22

1.6 Failure Mode Effect Analysis (FMEA) ........................24

1.7 Six Sigma ............................................................................26

Objective Brain Teasers ...............................................28

Section - B : General Principles of Drawing

Chapter 2Basics of Engineering Drawing ............. 30 2.1 What is Engineering Drawing? ...................................30

2.2 Classification of Engineering Drawing ....................30

2.3 Drawing Instruments .....................................................31

2.4 Engineering Scales .........................................................35

2.5 Drawing Standards .........................................................39

2.6 Layout of a Drawing Sheet ..........................................39

2.7 Lines ................................................................................40

2.8 Lettering .............................................................................41

2.9 Dimensioning ...................................................................43

2.10 Geometric Constructions and Curves......................50

Objective Brain Teasers ................................56

Chapter 3Orthographic Projections ..................... 57 3.1 Introduction ......................................................................57

3.2 Methods of Projection ...................................................57

3.3 Planes of Projection........................................................57

3.4 Types of Orthographics ................................................59

Objective Brain Teasers ...............................................63

Chapter 4Projection of Points ...............................68 4.1 Introduction ......................................................................68

4.2 Projections of a Point in the First Quadrant...........68

4.3 Projections of a Point in Second Quadrant ............69

4.4 Projections of a Point in Third Quadrant ................70

4.5 Projections of a Point in Fourth Quadrant .............70

4.6 Projections of Points Lying on Horizontal

Projection Plane...............................................................71

4.7 Projections of Points Lying on Vertical

Projection Plane...............................................................71

Objective Brain Teasers ................................73

Chapter 5Projection of Lines .................................75 5.1 Introduction ......................................................................75

5.2 Positions of a Line with Respect to HP and VP .....75

5.3 Projection of a Line Parallel to Both HP and VP

but Contained in Neither ............................................75

5.4 Projection of a Line Contained in HP and

Parallel to VP .....................................................................76

5.5 Projection of a Line Contained in VP and

Parallel to HP .....................................................................77

5.6 Projection of a Line Perpendicular to the

HP and Parallel to VP ......................................................78

5.7 Projection of a straight line perpendicular to

the VP and Parallel to the HP ......................................78

5.8 Projection of a Line Contained in the HP

and Inclined to the VP ...................................................79

5.9 Projection of a Line Contained in the VP

and Inclined to the HP ...................................................80

5.10 Projection of a Line Contained in both the HP

and the VP ..........................................................................80

General Principles of Design, Drawing and Importance of Safety

ContentsGeneral Studies and Engineering Aptitude

5.11 Projection of a Line Inclined to the HP and

Parallel to the VP ..............................................................81

5.12 Projection of a Line Inclined to the VP and

Parallel to the HP .............................................................81

5.13 Projection of a Line Inclined to both the VP

and the HP .........................................................................82

5.14 Determining True Length and True Inclinations

of a Line ..............................................................................83

5.15 Different Positions of a Line for its Traces w.r.t.

the HP and the VP ...........................................................85

Objective Brain Teasers ...............................................88

Chapter 6Projections of Planes .............................90 6.1 Introduction ......................................................................90

6.2 Traces of Planes................................................................90

6.3 Types of Planes.................................................................90

6.4 Projection of Planes........................................................91

Objective Brain Teasers ...............................................93

Chapter 7Projections of Solids ..............................94 7.1 Introduction ......................................................................94

7.2 Types of Solids ..................................................................94

7.3 Projection of Solids .........................................................97

Objective Brain Teasers ............................................ 105

Section - C : Importance of Safety

Chapter 8Safety and its Importance ...................106 8.1 Introduction ................................................................... 106

8.2 Need for Safety ............................................................. 106

8.3 Safety Management System .................................... 108

8.4 Occupational Health and Industrial Hygiene .... 110

8.5 Fire Safety Engineering .............................................. 116

8.6 Safety in Construction ................................................ 121

8.7 Environmental Safety ................................................. 129

8.8 Electrical Safety ............................................................. 141

8.9 Safety in Engineering Industry ................................ 144

Objective Brain Teasers ............................. 148