2018 ACS FALL SCIENTIFIC MEETING

Saturday October 13, 2018 І Curtiss Hall, SVSU

Conference Schedule

Time Schedule Location

7:30-8:00 Guest check in at the front desk, Breakfast Registration Desk

8:00-8:10 Opening Remarks Banquet Room B

8:10-8:40 Invited Speaker (Dr. Ted Bergin, UM) Banquet Room B

8:40-9:05 Oral Presenter (Benjamin Appiagyei, MSU) Banquet Room B

9:05-9:35 Invited Speaker (Christopher Windiate, Dow) Banquet Room B

9:35-10:00 Oral Presenter (You-Shin Chen, Georgetown University) Banquet Room B

10:00-10:15 BREAK

10:15-10:45 Invited Speaker (Dr. Marcos Dantus, MSU) Banquet Room B

10:45-11:10 Oral Presenter (Nona Ehyaei, MSU) Banquet Room B

11:10-11:40 Invited Speaker (Dr. Margaret Wooldridge, UM) Banquet Room B

11:40-12:05 Oral Presenter (Michael Ferritto, Dow Chemical) Banquet Room B

12:05-1:15 LUNCH SVSU's Cafeteria

1:15-3:15 Poster Session Banquet Room A

3:15-4:00 Keynote Speaker (Dr. Allison Steiner, UM) Banquet Room B

4:00-4:30 Award Ceremony and Closing Remarks Banquet Room B

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Oral Presentation (Banquet Room B)

# Presenter Topic Affilliation

1 Dr. Ted Bergin The Chemistry of Planetary Birth U of M

2 Benjamin Appiagyei Electroactivated Alkylation of Amines with Alcohols via Borrowing Hydrogen Methodology

MSU

3 Christopher Windiate Making the Case of Silicones in Space Dow

4 You-Shin Chen Application of 3-D Cell Culture in Biomedical Research Georgetown Uni. Med. Ctr

5 Dr. Marcos Dantus Ultrafast Formation of H3+, The Most Important Ion in Interstellar Chemistry

MSU

6 Nona Ehyaei Investigating the Biological Relevancy of Domain Swapped Dimer of hCRBPII

MSU

7 Dr. Margaret Wooldridge

How to Successfully Integrate Fuels into the Transportation Sector – or Why I Like Ethanol

U of M

8 Dr. Michael Ferritto Hydrolytically Stable Sugar Siloxanes Dow

9 Dr. Allison Steiner* Atmospheric Chemistry and The Biosphere: Natural sources of volatile organic compounds and their fate in the atmosphere

U of M

* Keynote speaker

Poster Presentation (Banquet Room A)

# Presenter Topic Affiliation

1 Nikolas Kenaya Using Human Cellular Retinol Binding Protein II as a Template to Create a New Class of Allosterically Regulated Metalloprotein

MSU

2 C. Ferran-Heredia Domain Swapping in Intracellular Lipid Binding Proteins MSU

3 Rahele Esmatpour Development of fluorescent protein tags with minimal fluorest background for live-cell imaging

MSU

4 Kristin Krol Synthesis of C-Glycosides Modeled After Type II Diabetes Treatments

SVSU

5 Kylee Voorhis Modulation of Mitochondrial Respiration with TMPD and Cytochrome C

MSU

6 Alicyn Stothard Trehalose Analogues Block Utilization of Trehalose by Hypervirulent Clostridium Difficile

CMU

7 Anthony Porath Synthesis and electrochemical properties of tri-functional pyridinium compounds.

MSU

8 Justin Massing An 19F magnetic resonance probe for activity -based sensing of hydrogen peroxide

U of M-Flint

9 Justin Massing 19F magnetic resonance probes for activity-based sensing of formaldehyde

U of M-Flint

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# Presenter Topic Affiliation

10 Nana L Morehouse Determination of alcohol contents and analysis of flavor components in beers by using Gas Chromatography (GC) and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry

CMU

11 Adesola Adeyemi High Performance Liquid Chromatography Analysis Of Beer From Mountain Town Brewing Company

CMU

12 Vincent Flores Electrochemical Investigation of Ruthenium Complexes Utilizing Cyclic Voltammetry

SVSU

13 Kaitlyn Klay Analysis of Multi-Institutional Research Project on Water Chemistry CURE Experiences

CMU

14 Rebekah Adams Water Quality Chemistry in the Great Lakes Region: Crowd Scouring Classroom Research for Student and Community

CMU

15 Ashley Plank Removal of Mercury and Perchlorate from Water CMU

16 Nicodemus Monear The Effects of Lead on Early Embryonic Development Following the Flint Water Crisis

U of M-Flint

17 Dominik Servinsky Novel Compounds for Use in Non-Aqueous Batteries MSU

18 Yanick Wanzi Optimization of the Mechanical and Physical Properties of a Polymer Fuel Cell Membrane

CMU

19 Alex Ausmus Chemical Synthesis of Azido Inositol Analogues via Ferrier Rearrangement

CMU

20 Isabel Chaput High Potential Organic Materials for Battery Applications MSU

21 Hayley Lillo Synthesis and Electrochemistry of Rhodium Catalyst Analogues SVSU

22 Trenton Vogel Development of a novel catalyst SVSU

23 Moemeni Mehdi Synthesis and Stoke Shift Engineering of Near Infrared Dyes MSU

24 Suporna Paul Fabrication and Characterization of BaTiO3/Styrene-Butadiene Stretchable Thin Film Nanocomposites for Flexible Electronics

CMU

25 Prabodha Balapuwaduge

Soft-Solution Processing of Novel Dielectric Nanomaterials by a Sacrificial Template Method

CMU

26 Tyler Jablonski Photochemical Study of Riboflavin and Propargyl Groups: A Model System for Monoamine Oxidase Inhibition

CMU

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# Presenter Topic Affiliation

27 Alice Erman Exploring the Coordination Mode and Redox Properties of d8-Metal Hydroxamate Complexes

SVSU

28 Sarat Kuchibhatla Turbulence, anisotropy, and mixing in unbaffled and baffled stirred tanks using the Lattice Boltzmann Method and Large Eddy Simulation

Dow

29 Lyle McCarty Injection Molding High Throughput Capability in the Dow Company

Dow

30 Dawn Carsten Silicones for Fast Drying in Hair Care Dow

31 Edward Nyutu Catalytic Hydrodesulfurization (HDS) of Thiophene with Supported Metal Silicides

Dow

32 Roque Góchez In Situ Spectroscopy Monitoring For Silicone Reactions Dow

33 Hannah Wedge Silicones in Personal Care Dow

34 Daniel Ahrens Effectiveness of Several Interventions to Increase Higher Learning on Organic Chem.

CMU

35 Lauren McCullough Connect for H2OQ Dow

36 John Blizzard Higgins Lake Watershed Study Quadsil Inc

37 Valentina Woodcraft Midland Local Section Invites you to Attend the ACS's 2019 Central Region Meeting in What is Shaping Up as a Premier Celebration of the Chemical Sciences

ACS CERM 2019

38 Kyle Krauseneck 25+ Years of Exceptional and Significant Contributions of the Mid-Michigan Technician Group

Mid-Michigan

Tech. Group

39 Wendell Dilling When will Procedure for Vote Counting in ACS Election of Directors-at-Large be Corrected?

CMU

40 Wendell Dilling History of the Midland Section ACS Fall Scientific Meeting, 1945-2018 – General Chairs and Meeting Themes

CMU

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2018 ACS FALL SCIENTIFIC MEETING

ABSTRACT BOOK

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Oral Session

The Chemistry of Planetary Birth

Dr. Ted Bergin, Department of Astronomy, University of Michigan

In this talk I will explore the astronomical methods that are used to explore the birth of planets. I will focus

particularly on the chemical composition of both gas giants and terrestrial worlds. Today with new

capabilities, such as the Atacama Large Millimeter Array located in the high desert in Chile, we are able to

peer in the birth sites of planetary systems with unprecedented sensitivity and resolution. A central facet in

exploring the composition of the gas in the natal disk is the question of the determination of chemical

abundances. In all I will discuss how we determine composition and what this tells us about the birth of

planets in our solar system and beyond.

Electroactivated Alkylation of Amines with Alcohols via Borrowing Hydrogen Methodology

Benjamin Appiagyei, Gabriela Keeney, Souful Bhatia, James ‘Ned’ Jackson*

Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, 48824

C-H activation has emerged as a powerful tool in synthesis of medicines, industrial materials and natural

products and has the potential to revolutionize organic chemical industries.1 In this work, H/D exchange

shows that C-H bonds adjacent to –OH or –NH2 groups can be electrochemically activated over catalytic

electrodes.1 Though useful in their own right, these deuteration studies also uncovered a mild,

electrocatalytic method for alkylating amines with alcohols. This reaction is essentially an electrochemical

version of the borrowing hydrogen methodology. Methanol, primary, secondary, and bulkier alcohols such

as cyclohexanol and benzyl alcohols all readily alkylate simple secondary amines such as pyrrolidine. Via

alkylation of ammonia, lab staples triethylamine and N,N-diisopropylethylamine (Hunig’s base) are easily

made from the corresponding alcohols. Many active chemicals, pharmaceuticals, herbicides, conducting

polymers and components of organic diodes contain alkylamines. For many years, compounds in this class

have been made via classical methods such as amide or nitrile reduction, reductive alkylation, and

electrophilic alkylation. These conventional methods have been improved over the years, but they suffer

from several disadvantages: (a) the use of alkyl halides or strong reducing agents which are less benign to

the environment, (b) the generation of wasteful salt byproducts and (c) lack of selectivity which leads to

the formation of quaternary ammonium ions. Electroactivated reductive alkylation of amines with alcohol

and water as solvent provides a new and a more benign approach for the synthesis of alkylamines.

Reference

1. Bhatia, S. et al. Stereoretentive H/D Exchange via an Electroactivated Heterogeneous Catalyst at sp3 C–

H Sites Bearing Amines or Alcohols. European J. Org. Chem. 2016, 4230–4235.

Making the Case of Silicones in Space

Christopher Windiate, Dow Chemical

Silicones including silicone elastomers have been in existence since the early 1940s, much of the early

work pioneered by leaders in silicone chemistry and technology such as Dow Corning®. While there are

a multitude of potential uses for silicones across several industries such as personal care, construction,

electronics and automotive - one area that is seeing increased focus is in space exploration. Several

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governmental and private entities are becoming increasingly active in space travel and exploration. Given

the unique physical and mechanical benefits provided by silicones, silicone elastomers have played a critical

role in sealing of components within the vehicle itself, as well as for structural protection of launch

apparatus, including pad, launch mount and flame diversion trenches. This paper will develop the

application of silicones that help enable space exploration.

Applications of 3-D Cell Culture in Biomedical Research

You-Shin Chen, PhD.

Department of Biochemistry and Molecular & Cellular Biology, Georgetown University Medical Center,

Washington DC 20057

Traditional 2-D cell culture has been widely used as a model system in the development of new therapeutics,

providing controllable growth conditions, homogeneity of samples, and scalability. By also mimicking

spatial organization, chemical gradients, and mechanical forces in clusters of cells, 3-D cell culture offers

a more physiologically relevant tool to model disease progression. The need for more standardized and

high-throughput 3-D cell culture assays is therefore growing. In this study, we investigated different 3-D

cell culture assays to understand the conditions and limitations of the current technology. To model normal

tissue development, mouse small intestinal organoids were cultured and differentiated in the presence of

the extracellular matrix under the controlled environment. Within 2 weeks, the formation of cryps and villi

could be seen. Both stem and differentiated cells were found in the organoids using immunohistochemical

staining. Cancer cell behaviors were studied using 3-D proliferation and invasion assays. 3-D proliferation

and invasion assays required 2 weeks and were done in a 96-well plate. Quantification of invaded radius

was achieved through distance measurement using ImageJ®. The Ewing’s sarcoma cells, SK-ES1 were

found to be more invasive under hypoxia condition and polyploidy rendered the invasive phenotype. In

addition, angiogenesis-promoting and –inducing agents were successfully tested using the tube formation

assay in a 96-well plate. Tube formation was seen within 16 hours and total tube lengths were quantified

using existing Image J® Angiogenesis Micro. Different generic 3-D cell culture protocols are available yet

optimization is required for different cell types and applications.

Ultrafast Formation of H3+, The Most Important Ion in Interstellar Chemistry

Dr. Marcos Dantus, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University

The existence of organic molecules in the

Interstellar medium, the Central Molecular Zone

of the Milky Way, and the ionospheres of our

own planetary system’s gas giants, is due in great

part to the existence of H3+. Of chemical

importance is the fact that H3+ behaves as a

Brønsted–Lowry acid, donating protons to

carbon and oxygen atoms as well as to more

complex organic molecules. During these

reactive collisions a proton is transferred to the

new molecule and neutral H2, a Brønsted–Lowry

base, is formed. While much of this chemistry has been studied during the last few decades, little is known

about the fundamental mechanism and dynamics of these important chemical reactions. In order to study

these reactive collisions, we use ultrafast femtosecond lasers to break apart stable molecules that produce

CH3OH2+ CHOH2+ + H2 COH+ + H3+

HCO+ + H3+

Roaming H2

Methanol

2.0×1014 W/cm2

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H3+. These studies allow us to explore the first half of the reactive collisions between H3+ and other species

with high temporal resolution. We have found that the formation of H3+ following strong-field

photodissociation of methanol is preceded by the formation of neutral H2 molecules that roam the parent

ion and extract a proton [Ekanayake, N. et al. Sci. Rep. 7, 4703 (2017)]. In that study, two reaction pathways

for the formation of H3+ under strong-field ionization starting from a doubly-charged methanol precursor

were elucidated experimentally and theoretically [Figure 1]. More recently, site-specific details and

femtosecond time-resolved dynamics of H3+ formation for a series of alcohols have been obtained through

a combination of time-resolved mass spectrometry, photoion-photoion coincidence measurements, and ab

initio calculations. Our findings provide mechanistic and dynamic information about intriguing chemical

processes that led to the creation of organic molecules in our universe.

Investigating the biological relevancy of domain swapped dimer of hCRBPII

Nona Ehyaei, Joelle Eaves, Kathryn Pawlowski, Lukus Sun, Babak Borhan, James Geiger

Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI

Intracellular lipid binding proteins (iLBPs) are cytosolic proteins responsible for transport of different

insoluble hydrophobic molecules. Members of this family have relatively the same structures including ten

stranded beta barrel and two alpha helices located at the mouth of the internal binding cavity like a cap for

binding pocket of these proteins. Human cellular retinol binding protein II (CRBPII) is a member of the

iLBP family and is responsible for transport of retinal. Recently, we discovered a domain swapped dimer

for this protein in our group. Domain swapping is a process by which two or more monomers exchange an

identical part of their structures to form dimer or higher order oligomers. The swapped region in this protein

is three beta strands with two alpha helixes which is about half of the protein. We did many analyses to find

the reasons for domain swapping. Existence of domain swapping for hCRBPII may lead to allosteric

regulation, also huge effect on the folding pathway for this family of proteins. In order to check the

physiological relevance of domain swapping, we made studies on mammalian expression of hCRBPII. We

successfully expressed this protein in HeLa cells and got closer to find the size of this protein in mammalian

expression by using size exclusion chromatography and western blotting.

How to Successfully Integrate Fuels into the Transportation Sector – or Why I Like Ethanol

Dr. Margaret S. Wooldridge, Arthur F. Thurnau Professor, Departments of Mechanical and Aerospace

Engineering, Director of Dow Sustainability Fellows Program, University of Michigan

The barriers to changing the fuels of the transportation sector are diverse and significant. However,

transitioning to sustainable fuels offers many benefits if fuel properties are leveraged well. Bridging the

gap between fundamental studies and engineering applications is critical to maximizing the benefits and

minimizing challenges of renewable fuels. Experimental results which span from fundamental combustion

chemistry, to the convolution of chemistry, spray and mixing, to the impact of renewable and fossil fuel

blends in engine studies are presented. The key outcomes from each study are highlighted particularly in

the context of ethanol and how results are transferred to technology implementation.

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Hydrolytically Stable Sugar Siloxanes

Michael Ferritto, Dow Chemical

Sugar Siloxanes are a class of organofunctional siloxanes containing saccharide derived moieties. The sugar

derived hydroxyl groups can modify silicone properties by providing hydrogen bonding which can change

the physical form from liquids to waxes, impart temperature dependent behaviors, increase the

hydrophilicity and provide new reactive sites.

Emulsions made from sugar siloxanes based on aldonamide linking chemistry exhibited stability problems

after aging. New sugar siloxanes were synthesized using alternate linking chemistries and tested for

stability. A tertiary amine linkage was determined to be the most stable. Emulsions prepared from these

sugar siloxanes were essentially unchanged in both internal polymer phase and bulk emulsion properties.

It's initial and aged results in application testing outperformed the unstable incumbent in hair conditioning

and color retention results.

Atmospheric Chemistry and The Biosphere: Natural sources of volatile organic compounds and

their fate in the atmosphere

Dr. Allison Steiner, Department of Climate and Space Sciences and Engineering and the Department of

Environmental Sciences, University of Michigan

The land surface represents 30% of the Earth’s surface, of which about 30% is covered by either broadleaf

or needleleaf forest. These plants emit large quantities of biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOC)

that can have an important impact on tropospheric chemistry by contributing to the formation of ozone and

secondary organic aerosols (SOA). However, the potential for BVOC to influence ozone and SOA is

highly dependent on the level of nitrogen oxides (NOx). Observed NOx concentrations have been

decreasing over the past decade in the United States, and representing these chemical changes in forested

ecosystems has proven challenging. I will discuss our understanding of forest chemistry and its role in the

formation of important species such as ozone and aerosols and improvements in their representation in

regional and global models.

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Poster Session

1. Using human Cellular Retinol Binding Protein II as a template to create a new class of

allosterically regulated metalloprotein

Nikolas Kenaya, Alireza Ghanbarpour, Elizabeth Santos, Cody Pinger, Jin Xiangshu, ,Zahra Assar,

Babak Borhan*, James Geiger*

Allosterically regulated proteins are one of the most essential classes of protein in biology that their

functions span from sensing, signaling, cell differentiation and etc. Although many research studies already

conducted on the existing allosterically regulated proteins, there are few examples of bonafide allosterically

regulated proteins created from scratch. We were able to design a new protein conformational switch using

the domain-swapped dimer of Human Cellular Retinol Binding Protein II (hCRBPII) as a template, which

can undergo a significant conformational change upon ligand binding and demonstrates more flexibility for

protein engineering implementation. Using X-ray crystallography and mutational studies, the mechanism

of this allosterically regulated protein was elucidated. Additionally, a disulfide cross-link between two-

dimer domains expanded the number of conformational readouts for the system that can be altered by ligand

binding or reduction potential. Our system displayed the ability of the domain-swapped dimer of hCRBPII

in regards to allosteric applications, a trait that does not exist in the monomeric form of this protein.

2. Domain Swapping in Intracellular Lipid Binding Proteins

Carlos Ferran-Heredia, Joelle Eaves, Khatryn Pawlowski, Lukus Sun, Yiwei Zhao, Nona Ehyaei, Babak

Borhan, James Geiger; Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI

Intracellular lipid binding proteins (iLBPs) carry out cytoplasmic transport of hydrophobic, insoluble

molecules. Past members of our research group have found that a certain a member of iLBP family, human

cellular retinol binding protein II (hCRBPII), exhibits domain swapping. This so-called domain swapping

results when two identical monomeric protein chains exchange parts of their structures to form a dimer,

also known as a higher-order oligomer. The discovery of domain swapping in hCRBPII led us to research

domain swapping in other types of iLBPs, such as human fatty acid binding proteins—more specifically in

holo Human fatty acid binding protein 5 (hFABP5). FABPs is responsible for endocannabinoid anandamide

(AEA) transport. AEA is a signaling lipid that activates cannabinoid receptors in the central nervous system

and peripheral tissues. Furthermore, data reported portrays the domain swapping of hFABP5 in bacterial

expression. We recently found the structure of domain swapped dimer for FABP5 binds to palmitic acid.

Our eventual aim is to predict domain swapping solely from amino acid sequences in iLBPs.

3. Development of Fluorescent Protein Tags with Minimal Fluorescent Background for Live-cell

Imaging

Rahele Esmatpour, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI

The main goal of my project is to develop a fluorescent protein tag with minimal background. We have

previously engineered Human Cellular Retinol Binding (hCRBPII), a small cytosolic protein (~15kDa) that

belongs to the family of intracellular Lipid Binding Proteins (iLBPs) into a fluorescent protein tag upon

addition of an external small molecule.

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Previously in our lab we were able to activate fluorescence upon protein and ligand binding, so that temporal

control can be achieved, but then fluorescent proteins are constitutively on.

This Presentation will focus on a new small molecule that helps with the specificity (both specially and

temporally) of the method.

4. Synthesis of C-Glycosides Modeled After Type II Diabetes Treatments

Kristin Krol, Nicholas Graves, Dr. Jennifer Chaytor; Chemistry Department, Saginaw Valley State

University

Type II diabetes mellitus is a condition affecting an estimated 400 million people around the world. It is

caused by a lack of insulin or the inability to respond to insulin signals, causing increased levels of glucose

in the blood, or hyperglycemia. The complications of Type II diabetes are grave, with great increased risk

for conditions such as heart disease, stroke, kidney failure, and blindness to name a few. Although there are

many factors that contribute to Type II diabetes, diet and exercise are often prescribed along with

medications. This research focuses on the synthesis of molecules known as C-glycosides through two

different synthesis pathways. These molecules are modeled after existing drugs prescribed to treat type II

diabetes. Techniques such as column chromatography and preparative TLC are performed to purify the

products, and then the compounds are analyzed using Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy to

confirm their identity. This poster will discuss two synthetic strategies towards these target molecules.

5. Modulation of Mitochondrial Respiration with TMPD and Cytochrome C

Kylee Voorhis, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI

As of 2017, almost 10% of Americans were diagnosed with diabetes. Nearly 1 in 4 healthcare dollars are

spent on the treatment and management of the disease. Diabetes is closely associated with mitochondrial

dysfunction, although the detailed mechanism of the dysfunction or its role in diabetes is unclear. Current

techniques for analyzing mitochondrial activity rely on tracking the oxygen consumption rate (OCR) by

complex IV (CmpIV). While it is possible to assess catalytic states of other complexes by measuring OCRs,

deciphering the contribution of each complex to the overall respiration is difficult. Nevertheless, accurate

quantification of individual complexes is required in order to understand the role of mitochondria in

diabetes. This study focuses on measuring the activity of CmpIV in the electron transport chain (ETC) of

intact mitochondria by using mediated electrochemistry. The outer membrane (OM) of mitochondria acts

as a barrier preventing direct electron transfer to CmpIV in the IM for oxygen reduction. Mediators shuttle

electrons across the OM and reduce or oxidize ETC complexes. The mediators used in this study are

N,N,N’,N’-tetramethyl-p-phenylenediamine (TMPD), which can cross OM of intact mitochondria, and

cytochrome c, which cannot cross intact OM but can interact with CmpIV in mitoplasts. Modulation of

mitochondrial activity was observed in the presence of TMPD and increased modulation was observed in

the presence of both TMPD and cytochrome c. The mechanisms of mediated electron transfer and the roles

of each mediator will be discussed.

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6. Trehalose Analogues Block Utilization of Trehalose by Hypervirulent Clostridium Difficile

Alicyn I. Stothard, Belinda K. Wilson, Qing Qing Dong, Noah D. Danielson, James Collins, Peter J.

Woodruff, Robert A. Britton, and Benjamin M. Swarts*; Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant,

MI 48859, USA

Trehalose, a non-reducing disaccharide composed of two glucose units, is broadly used in various

pharmaceutical and biotech applications and it is being investigated as a therapeutic for multiple diseases.

However, its ability to be used as an energy source by microbes is problematic, as highlighted by the recent

finding that low levels of trehalose can be efficiently metabolized by and enhance the virulence of epidemic

strains of the intestinal pathogen Clostridium difficile. Here, we show that various trehalose analogues

designed to resist enzymatic degradation, specifically the 5-deoxy-5-thio-D-trehalose and the manno- and

lacto- epimers, are incapable of being used as carbon sources by C. difficile. Furthermore, these analogues

block utilization of native trehalose by hypervirulent C. difficile. Thus, trehalase-resistant trehalose

analogues are potentially valuable as surrogates for or co-additives with trehalose in applications where

enzymatic breakdown is a concern.

7. Synthesis and electrochemical properties of tri-functional pyridinium compounds.

Anthony Porath, Dr. Thomas Guarr*, Michigan State University Bioeconomy Institute, Holland, MI

Quaternary salts of tri-functional pyridinium compounds could offer small, multi-electron organic

components to be used in electrochemical processes. Not many organic molecules of this type are in

common use. Both tris-pyridine derivatives and the hydrogen substituted triazine derivative have been

successfully prepared. The phenyl substituted varieties are in progress using a pyrylium intermediate.

Future work will involve inserting a p-phenylene bridge between the pyridine and the central ring, and

working on hexa-functional pyridinium complexes.

8. An 19F magnetic resonance probe for activity-based sensing of hydrogen peroxide

Justin O. Massing, Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Michigan-Flint

Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is a well-known reactive oxygen species involved in a variety of biological

processes, such as immune response signaling. Despite its importance, elevated H2O2 concentrations have

been implicated in an array of pathologies, including Alzheimer’s and cancer. To better understand the role

of H2O2 in physiology and pathology, numerous probes have been reported, many of which are unsuitable

for in vivo imaging applications. Recently, reports have emerged regarding the noninvasive imaging of

H2O2 using hyperpolarized 13C magnetic resonance (MR) imaging and positron emission tomography

(PET). While the former approach is limited due to rapid signal decay, PET prohibits longitudinal studies

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owing to prolonged exposure to ionizing radiation. To address these issues, we report a modular 19F MR

platform for selective detection of H2O2. This agent was synthesized by coupling 4-(hydroxymethyl)phenyl

boronic acid pinacol ester with nonafluoro-tert-butyl alcohol via a Mitsunobu reaction. Subsequent reaction

with H2O2 converts the aryl boronic ester to a phenol, which initiates a rapid self-immolative cascade,

thereby releasing nonafluoro-tert-butyl alcohol; this transformation is evidenced by a concomitant upfield

shift in the 19F signal from -70 ppm to -75 ppm. By varying the Mitsunobu coupling partner, this strategy

may be applied toward sensing other biological events of interest.

9. 19F magnetic resonance probes for activity-based sensing of formaldehyde

Justin O. Massing, Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Michigan-Flint

Although a known environmental toxin, formaldehyde is produced endogenously during one-carbon

metabolism and epigenetic modifications. While intracellular formaldehyde concentrations may reach up

to 500 M, elevated levels have been linked with various disease states, including an array of cancers. To

better understand formaldehyde and its biological role, fluorescent probes have recently been reported that

exhibit a chemoselective response towards this species. Many of these agents, however, are insufficient for

quantifying formaldehyde and are restricted to in vitro imaging given the poor penetration depth of near-

infrared light. To address these issues, we report a first-generation 19F magnetic resonance probe for

selective formaldehyde detection. Masking 4-fluorobenzaldehyde with a 2-aza-Cope reactive trigger

affords the corresponding 19F magnetic resonance probe. Condensation between the homoallylic amine

trigger and formaldehyde is followed by a 2-aza-Cope rearrangement and subsequent hydrolysis, thereby

releasing 4-fluorobenzaldehyde; this transformation is evidenced by a concomitant downfield shift in the 19F signal from -115 ppm to -103 ppm. While the aforementioned probe exhibits low cellular toxicity, we

have so far been unable to detect an 19F signal in treated MCF7 cell lysates. Recent progress towards a more

sensitive second-generation 19F magnetic resonance probe will therefore also be discussed.

10. Determination of alcohol contents and analysis of flavor components in beers by using Gas

Chromatography (GC) and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS)

Nana L Morehouse, Mohammad Khairul Islam, Suporna Paul, Nilave Chakraborty

Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Central Michigan University, 1200 S. Franklin St., Mount

Pleasant, MI 48859, USA

Gas Chromatography (GC) and Gas Chromatography coupled with Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) are

excellent tools for separation, detection and identification of components in a mixture of compounds. The

percentage of alcohol content (e.g. ethanol) is an important parameter for producer to meet regulatory

demands. Additionally, some naturally produced compounds in the fermentation process, for instance,

vicinal diketones (VDKs), a key flavor component resulting from fermentation produce a butter scotch

flavor in beer. The monitoring of VDK concentration is of great importance as it can keep the clean crisp

taste of the light beers. Additional volatile organic compounds (VOCs) those impart flavor and aroma as

well as off-flavor to beer will be identified. Presented will be the analytical chemistry class project results

to date in the analysis of volatile components in beer.

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11. High Performance Liquid Chromatography Analysis of Beer from Mountain Town Brewing

Company

Adesola Adeyemi, Abigail Detzler, Kaitlyn Klay, Yanick Wanzi; Central Michigan University

As the demand for craft beer continues to increase, there is need for brewers to better quantitate key

chemicals in the brewing process to maintain the quality of beer produced. As part of the analytical

chemistry course at Central Michigan University, and in partnership with Mountain Town Brewing Co.,

high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) is used to analyze beer samples for key compounds that

contribute to the flavor and shelf life, including alpha/beta and iso-alpha/beta acids, and common mono-

and disaccharides, key production chemicals. Hops, an ingredient in beer brewing, is the main cause of

beer bitterness due to the presence of alpha/beta and iso-alpha/beta acids. Glucose, fructose, sucrose, and

other mono/disaccharides are released by grains added in brewing and broken down by yeast during

fermentation. Those sugars still remaining after fermentation contribute to the sweetness of beer and to the

nutritional value of beer. Presented will be the results to date in the analysis of soluble flavor and sugar

components of beer and the beer during processing.

12. Electrochemical investigation of Ruthenium complexes utilizing cyclic voltammetry

Vincent Flores and Adam Warhausen, Chemistry Department, Saginaw Valley State University

The complexes benzylidene-bis(tricyclohexylphosphine)-dichlororuthenium, and [1,3-bis-(2,4,6

trimethylphenyl)-2-imidazolidinylidene]dichloro(phenylmethylene)(tricyclohexylphosphine)ruthenium

are well-known and extensively studied complexes. They are known for the wide range of reactions that

they can be involved in. An area of interest that lacks in current literature is the redox properties of these

complexes and their analogues. Our focus is to expand the knowledge of these complexes, more

specifically, with respect to their first oxidation potential. Our group set out to investigate the

electrochemical and spectroelectrochemical properties of these complexes as well as their analogues. The

redox properties of these complexes have been examined utilizing cyclic voltammetry (CV) techniques

using various solvents and electrolytes. The two different supporting electrolytes used in the CV

experiments are tetrabutylammonium hexafluorophosphate and tetrabutylammonium tetrakis[3,5-

bis(perfluorohexyl)phenyl]borate. The extensive CV experimentation includes the utilization of screen

printed platinum and glassy carbon disk electrodes, as well as varying temperatures.

13. Analysis of Multi-Institutional Research Project on Water Chemistry CURE Experiences

Kaitlyn Klay, Janice Hall Tomasik, Dale J. LeCaptain, Kyle A. Cissell, Kim Good, Bernadette Harkness,

Tami Sivy, David Karpovich, Jay VanHouten, Anja Mueller; Central Michigan University

In recent years, course-based undergraduate research experiences (CUREs) have grown in popularity as an

effective way to increase the level of student learning in science lab classes. As a means to make these

experiences both engaging and successful, Central Michigan University (CMU), Saginaw Valley State

University, and Delta College have joined together to form a network of support and knowledge, with the

assistance of an NSF Grant. In August 2018, various faculty involved in the development of these courses,

former students, DOW Chemical employees, and other interested individuals joined for a summit on Beaver

Island, MI at CMU’s Biological Station. During the summit, participants toured the island, performed

various water quality tests, and learned about the research being performed at the biological station and by

the Institute for Great Lakes Research. At the end of the summit, participants responded to open-answer

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survey prompts about their experience during the summit, as well as their CURE experience (if applicable).

These responses were analyzed and reflected upon as a step towards closure of the associated NSF Grant.

Additionally, survey responses from one of the CURE-embedded courses were analyzed and compared as

an example of the work this grant has accomplished.

14. Water Quality Chemistry in the Great Lakes Region: Crowd Sourcing Classroom Research for

Students and Community

Rebekah Adams, Tomasik, LeCaptain, Curtis-Fisk; Central Michigan University

Proposed here is using ongoing environmental research to enhance elementary or secondary teacher

attitudes towards chemistry impacting effectiveness in the classroom. CMU is a premier university in Great

Lakes research and has nearly thirty faculty involved in the Institute for Great Lakes Research. Research

data from the field provides a real time, real application for classroom students. It enables visualizing a

scientist and allows them the chance to explore science in action, which they may not otherwise get the

freedom to explore. By creating a research-based project for these classrooms, teachers will be able to

engage their students in critical thinking skills related to the Great Lakes and potentially bridge the gap

between educators and researchers.

15. Removal of Mercury and Perchlorate from Water

Ashley Plank, Anja Mueller; Central Michigan University

Mercury is a major contaminant in the Great Lakes. A specialized ion exchange resin was developed to

remove a hydrophobic mercury compound. The most important and toxic mercury compound, methyl

mercury, is too toxic to work with in a normal, lab. Therefore, a mimic was used. Initial data for both are

showed in this presentation.

Perchlorate has been detected in water sources on military bases and other locations in the United States.

Perchlorate is very soluble and stable in water and leads to retardation in children, and thyroid disease in

adults. Therefore, it is important to create a polymer that is able to safely remove perchlorate from drinking

water. A polymer with perchlorate-specific binding sites has been prepared and initial retention data will

be reported.

16. The effects of lead on early embryonic development following the Flint Water Crisis

Nicodemus Monear and Besa Xhabija; Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of

Michigan-Flint, Flint, MI

In recent years, Flint, MI has experienced severe lead contamination in the water supply. With the Flint

River as a newly acquired city water source, lead leached from water supply lines resulting in contamination

far greater than EPA & CDC defined action levels.

In this analysis, we have exposed embryonic stem cells (ESC) to lead, at concentrations relevant to those

experienced during the Flint water crisis. We have assessed the effect on (1) pluripotency for

undifferentiated cells in self-renewal, (2) the formation of embryonic bodies following differentiation, and

(3) the relative expression of genetic markers associated with self-renewal & differentiation.

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17. Novel Compounds for Use in Non-Aqueous Batteries

Dominik Servinsky, Henna Hauque and Adina Dumitrascu, Michigan State University, Midland

The commercialization of truly practical non-aqueous redox flow batteries (RFBs) requires the

development of compounds that are extremely stable in at least two oxidation states. Moreover, ideal RFB

catholyte materials should possess high oxidation potentials (>4 V vs. Li/Li+), while their anolyte

counterparts should possess relatively low reduction potentials. We report on a new promising type of

molecule which contains an electron donor group (D) linked directly by a covalent bond to an electron

acceptor group (A) meaning that the same molecule can work as both the catholyte and anolyte for the

redox reactions within the battery. Because of the unique particularity of such structure, the D-A molecules

have identical half-reaction products eliminating the need for a selective ion membrane which could

account for 30-40% of the cost of a traditional vanadium-based RFB. These molecules also have high

solubility in organic solvents used in ORFBs (e.g. propylene carbonate, PC), and are relatively inexpensive.

18. Optimization of the Mechanical and Physical Properties of a Polymer Fuel Cell Membrane

Wanzi Yanick Kegum, Anja Mueller, Central Michigan University

Polymer electrolyte fuel cells (PEFCs) are the most promising candidates for electric vehicles and portable

electrical power sources because they have high energy densities and high conversion efficiency, and they

are environmentally benign. A crucial part of the PEFC is the proton exchange membrane. Currently,

transport of protons across the membrane is restricted to 80°C since transport requires water. In this project

we are developing a “dry” fuel cell membrane, where transport is based on of the movement on proton

transporting groups. For this membrane the mechanical and physical properties of the membrane material

has to be optimized.

The membranes consist of a mixture of fluorinated linear block-copolymers and branched polymers with

varying amounts of proton transporting groups. The synthesis and characterization of all polymers will be

reported. Mixtures with varying amounts of branched polymer will be prepared. A membrane preparation

protocol has been developed and initial membrane characterization data will be presented as well.

19. Chemical Synthesis of Azido Inositol Analogues via Ferrier Rearrangement

Alex P. Ausmus, Justin L. Snyder, Krestina M. Bednarz, Maxwell K.-P. Hogue, Sarah R. Rundell, and

Benjamin M. Swarts*; Central Michigan University

The unique cell wall found in Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) is an attractive target for the development

of improved tuberculosis drugs, diagnostics, and vaccines. Inositol containing glycolipids are found in

many lifeforms, usually acting as anchors to hold proteins or glycans to the plasma membrane. This is true

for Mtb as well, as the pathogen contains numerous unique inositol derivatives such as phosphatidylinositol

mannosides, lipomannan, and lipoarabinomannan. Making use of the Ferrier carbocyclization, this project

undertakes the synthesis of azide-modified myo-inositol analogues (InoAz) from easily obtainable azido

methyl glucosides. This synthetic approach is advantageous since it allows for the production of enantiopure

InoAz, which is an issue in previously reported InoAz syntheses. With the analogues in hand, the metabolic

incorporation efficiency into glycolipids in Mtb and other mycobacteria will be tested. The information

gained from such studies will help the tuberculosis research community better understand the dynamics and

functions of inositol-based glycolipids in Mtb, which may provide insights for diagnostics, drug, and

vaccine development.

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20. High Potential Organic Materials for Battery Applications

Isabel Chaput, Kathryn Altes, Jacob Berry, Adina Dumitrascu, Michigan State University, Midland

There is a large and rapidly growing need for electrical energy storage in modern society. Lithium ion

batteries (LIBs) are ubiquitous, powering everything from our cell phones to power tools to cars. However,

there are still some safety concerns, often related to the danger presented by LIB overcharge. Thus,

numerous research groups have explored the development of “redox shuttles” that allow charging current

to pass while limiting cell voltage to values at or just above that expected at a state of charge (SOC) =

100%. These additives are generally organic compounds that undergo reversible electrochemical oxidation

at potentials near the maximum design value. However, many of the compounds studied to date are either

too expensive or not sufficiently durable for commercial applications.

At the same time, redox-active organic materials are being investigated in order to develop non-aqueous

redox flow batteries (RFBs) for inexpensive grid-level electrical energy storage systems. Indeed, because

such materials must exhibit reversible oxidation at high potential, many candidates for redox shuttles have

also been employed as catholytes in RFB applications. Also, they display highly reversible electrochemical

oxidation and very good solubility in carbonate solvents, making them particularly attractive for flow

battery applications.

In this poster, we describe ongoing efforts to develop heterocyclic systems with high oxidation potentials

and very stable radical cation states for both redox shuttle and RFB applications. One part of our strategy

includes “tuning” oxidation potentials by using steric factors and considering the changes in molecular

geometry that occur upon oxidation. We also describe the synthesis and characterization of several novel

phenothiazine-5,5-dioxide derivatives that exhibit reversible electrochemical oxidation at potentials above

4.2 V vs. Li/Li+.

21. Silicones in Personal Care

Hannah Wedge, Dawn Carsten, Becky Beeson, Beth Johnson, Eve Suthiwangcharoen, and Brett

Zimmerman; The Dow Chemical Company

True beauty comes from the inside. With innovative ingredients from Dow, our solutions are designed to

provide value and make an impact on the marketplace by capitalizing on up-and-coming trends. Consumers

can discover their own true beauty, inside and out. Today’s consumers are looking for skin and hair care

products that do more. Dow offers innovative ingredients for multifunctional skin care products that protect,

moisturize and smooth, creating an enjoyable and transformative sensorial experience that drives brand

loyalty. In addition, Dow’s innovative ingredients for hair care help creating cutting-edge style and sensory

experiences that also restore and protect.

22. Development of a Novel Organocatalyst

Trenton Vogel, Chemistry Department, Saginaw Valley State University

In recent years, there has been an emphasis on the use of organocatalysts in asymmetric organic synthesis

as opposed to the metal complexes that are commonly used to catalyze these reactions. Investigating the

use of organocatalysts in asymmetric organic synthesis is important due to their low toxicity and low cost.

The commonly used metal complexes are able to synthesize a range stereoselective molecules, however

they are costly and difficult to remove. Thus, interest in the use organocatalysts for the asymmetric synthesis

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of chiral molecules has grown. Reactions like the Hajos Parrish reaction have shown organocatalysts

capacity to catalyze an asymmetric reaction with its use of the molecule proline. David MacMillan has

conducted research based off this idea and has developed a novel class of imidazolidinone-based

compounds with structures similar to that of the proline for use as organocatalysts. This goal of this project

is to develop a new class of proline like organocatalysts with increased reactivity and enantioselectivity in

the Hajos Parish and other reactions. This new class of organocatalysts is characterized by its hydrazide

functional group contained inside of a double ring structure which acts as the main site for the catalyzation

through the formation of an enamine. Using the hydrazide functional group in a double ring structure will

create a ridged structure which should increase the nucleophilicity of the catalyst resulting in increased

catalytic activity and selectivity. Our current approach to synthesizing this molecule involves closing the

first ring structure through an iodolactonization method. The double ring is achieved through an SN2

reaction utilizing the reactivity of the iodine group and one of the carboxyl groups resulting from the first

ring formation. This organocatalyst has potential applications in many reactions that are catalyzed via a

lewis acid as well as in the synthesis of chiral molecules for the pharmaceutical industry.

23. Synthesis and Stoke Shift Engineering of Near Infrared Dyes

Mehdi Moemeni, Michigan State University

Our growing energy needs have pushed us to develop new renewable and low cost energy sources. The

accessibility and potential of solar energy has made it a desirable field of renewable energy research. The

majority of the research in this field has focused on conventional photovoltaics. Although, use of

conventional photovoltaics on rooftops and in solar farms have grown rapidly, adoption of this technology

has met with difficulties. Since buildings cover most part of the cities and windows have covered large

surface of buildings, transparent luminescent solar concentrators (LSC) that would be installed on

building’s window could be a solution.

In this project, we are synthesizing molecular luminophores to absorb near-infrared (NIR) light and emit

with high efficiency in deeper NIR. So, impregnation of these dyes in windows would not impede visible

light transmission and would yield a highly transparent window. The synthesis of such molecules and their

photochemical properties will be discussed.

24. Fabrication and Characterization of BaTiO3/Styrene‐Butadiene Stretchable Thin Film

Nanocomposites for Flexible Electronics.

Suporna Paul, Benard Kavey, Gabriel Caruntu; Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI,

United States

The development of stretchable, bendable inorganic/polymer nanocomposite dielectric thin films has been

of significant technological interest in flexible electronics because of their relatively low fabrication costs,

high power energy density and fast charge-discharge ability. Polymer ceramic nanocomposites exhibit

performance characteristics superior to those of the parent materials as they harness the mechanical

properties (flexibility, bendability, etc.) of the polymer and the dielectric properties (high dielectric

constant) of the ceramic, respectively. However, the rational design of flexible high-k dielectric

nanocomposites with high filler loading is still challenging as the increase of the ceramic content

deteriorates the mechanical properties of the material, despite the increase of the dielectric constant of the

nanocomposites. In this project, we investigated the fabrication of flexible modern electronics by dispersing

monodisperse, surface functionalized BaTiO3 (BTO) colloidal nanocrystals with various sizes (10-15 nm)

into a styrene‐butadiene‐styrene matrix followed by casting the mixtures onto various substrates, both rigid

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and flexible. The resulting polymer-ceramic nanocomposite films contain up to 50% (wt.) ceramic fillers

and possess high energy density values along with excellent mechanical properties. Various experimental

techniques, including electrical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), X-

ray diffraction (XRD), spectroscopy (FTIR and Raman), microscopy (scanning electron, transmission

electron and atomic force microscopy) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) were used to investigate the

structural, morphological and physical properties of the polymer-ceramic nanocomposite films. The

experimental results show that these nanocomposites exhibit superior properties which make them

attractive for implementation in high-performance capacitive electrical energy storage devices and

nanoelectronics

25. Soft-Solution Processing of Novel Dielectric Nanomaterials by a Sacrificial Template Method

Prabodha Balapuwadugea, Swati Naikb, Liang Hongc, Robert Kliec and Gabriel Caruntua,b

a Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI. USA b Science of Advanced Materials (SAM), Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI, USA c Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA

SrTiO3 has a well-known perovskite crystalline structure and exhibits excellent dielectric, electro-optic and

catalytic properties being the leading candidate in many cutting-edge technological applications. We report

here on the rational synthesis of SrTiO3 nanostructures by using TiO2 colloidal nanocrystals as sacrificial

templates under different reaction conditions, with the goal of achieving control over the morphology (size,

shape), internal structure and surface composition of the resulting nanoparticles. Both the synthesis of TiO2

nanocrystals and their subsequent conversion into SrTiO3 were performed using a hydrothermal method.

These nanostructures were characterized via powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron

microscopy (TEM), vibrational spectroscopy (Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and Raman

spectroscopy) and optical absorption measurements. Various reaction parameters have been finely tuned in

order to optimize the reaction conditions. A detailed characterization of the dielectric properties of these

nanopowders was carried, revealing that dielectric permittivity has a value around 24 at room temperature

with a low loss, which make these nanomaterials desirable for applications in energy storage and as

dielectrics.

26. Photochemical Study of Riboflavin and Propargyl Groups: A Model System for Monoamine

Oxidase Inhibition

Tyler Jablonski*, Anton Jensen, Wendell Dilling, Dillip Mohanty; Department of Chemistry and

Biochemistry, Central Michigan University

When exposed to light, flavin rings react with propargyl groups. Previous studies have reacted lumiflavin

with propargyl amines and analyzed the products by UV. The goal of this research is to react riboflavin

with propargyl groups photochemically and analyze those products with UV, NMR, and mass spectrometry

(MS) to get more detailed structural information. Preliminary photochemical results with methyl propargyl

ether (MPE) show disappearance of the flavin ring. However, the photo-products with MPE and dimethyl

propargyl amine still need to be purified and characterized by UV, NMR, and MS. Progress towards this

goal will be reported

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27. Exploring the Coordination Mode and Redox Properties of d8-Metal Hydroxamate Complexes

Alice Erman, Dustin Pumford, Adam Warhausen; Chemistry Department, Saginaw Valley State

University

In the field of chemistry, the interactions between biologically available materials and nitric oxide (NO) are

thoroughly studied and researched. Although, much more can be learned from molecules that have the

ability to generate nitric oxide within a biological system. The goal of this project is to study the interactions

between molecules that donate nitric oxide and iron-containing synthetic models of the heme unit.

Hydroxamic acids are used as NO contributing compounds. Additionally, benzoyl hydrazine complexes are

substituted as synthetic porphyrins. The focus of this research is understanding the redox behavior of the

interactions between these compounds through the use of electrochemical and spectroelectrochemical

techniques.

It is important to understand the interactions between organic nitric oxide donating molecules and heme-

containing biomolecules due to their abundance in biological structures. This project could potentially

provide insight to unknown side effects of hydroxamic acid containing medications.

28. Turbulence, Anisotropy, and Mixing in Unbaffled and Baffled Stirred Tanks Using the Lattice

Boltzmann Method and Large Eddy Simulation

Sarat Chandra Kuchibhatla, The Dow Chemical Company, Midland, Michigan, USA, 48674

A computational study of the anisotropy, turbulence and mixing in a lab-scale stirred tank equipped with a

standard Rushton turbine is reported. Validation of the code was performed by comparing with Laser

Doppler Anemometry data of Wu and Patterson. Using a Lattice Boltzmann Method and Large Eddy

Simulation, the predicted turbulent flow in baffled and unbaffled tanks is compared. The qualitative flow

differences between them are reported by means of the flow visualization of the vortices, and the eddy

sizes. In the unbaffled case, a high shear rate at the bottom of the tank was observed, which has not been

previously reported in literature. Shaft power consumption was found to increase, while the blend time was

found to decrease upon baffling. The flow close to the impeller tip is shown to be highly intermittent, even

for the unbaffled case, due to the presence of large-scale impeller tip vortices in either configuration. Effect

of the number of computational lattice points on the ratio of the resolved to the total Energy Dissipation

Rate (EDR) shows that about 80% of the EDR is resolved using a practical number of lattice points such

that the mixing in the lab-scale tank could be simulated in a few days. At such a resolution, the predicted

power number was observed to be insensitive to the selection of the Smagorinsky coefficient. The use of

LBM with LES and high resolution is shown to be practically quick, useful for capturing the relevant flow

features, and quantitatively accurate mixing characteristics.

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29. Injection Molding High Throughput Capability in the Dow Chemical Company

Lyle McCarty (Dow Chemical) and Shiva Sreeram (Student, Dow Chemical Intern)

Dow Chemical is investing in new automation technologies to more quickly bring to market materials made

from Dow’s portfolio of plastics resins designed for injection molding. One of those technologies is a

highly automated high throughput laboratory designed to injection mold and test the properties of injection

molded parts. The time required to mold and test hundreds of resin blends and injection molding conditions

required for a design of experiments to formulate a specific resin blend for a customer product will be

reduced from many months to only a few days. The poster presented will describe anticipated capabilities

of the new lab, innovative automated testing instrumentation, and highlight how mobile robotics and

machine vision will be utilized in the processing of the plastic parts.

30. Silicones for Fast Drying in Hair Care

Dawn Carsten, Beth Johnson, Eve Suthiwangcharoen; The Dow Chemical Company, Consumer

Solutions; Home & Personal Care

In today’s fast-paced, hectic world, consumers are increasingly demanding hair care products with high-

efficiency and convenience benefits that will help them look good, feel good and save time. While silicones

are well-known for beautifying hair, they also can help speed drying on many hair types – from healthy

hair to colored, bleached or damaged hair. Suitable for use in both rinse-off and leave-in conditioners,

silicones from Dow can help you speed removal of bulk water during dripping or blotting, air-drying, or

blow drying.

31. Catalytic Hydrodesulfurization (HDS) of Thiophene with Supported Metal Silicides

Edward K. Nyutu, Garrett Rockwell, Robert Larsen, the Dow Chemical Company

Catalytic hydrodesulfurization (HDS) is critical step in the industrial processing of crude oil into useful

hydrocarbon products. Petroleum feedstocks have many sulfur-containing compounds, which must be

removed before use because of the environmental regulations which have become more stringent in recent

years.

The development of highly active and sulfur-tolerant catalysts for hydrodesulfurization (HDS) is of great

significance in petroleum refining. Here, we explored the initial processing, characterization, and catalytic

activity screening for hydrodesulfurization (HDS) of thiophene by bulk metal silicides and supported

silicidated mono-/multi-metallic intermetallic catalyst compositions. Most of the bulk silicides were

obtained from commercial vendors, while supported silicidated catalyst compositions were processed in-

house via the incipient wetness impregnation method and silicidation in a chemical vapor infiltration

reactor. Catalytic activity for thiophene HDS was screened using a flow-reactor and benchmarked with a

commercial formulation (14Mo-3.5Co/γ-Al2O3) and, where applicable, with corresponding calcined oxide-

based compositions.

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32. In Situ Spectroscopy Monitoring of Silicone Reactions

Roque Góchez, the Dow Chemical Company

In situ chemical reaction monitoring provides several advantages over sampling and benchtop analysis.

Concentrations of various chemical species can be easily monitored in real time, helping to generate kinetic

data and determine reaction pathways. In situ spectroscopy is especially useful for monitoring reactions in

which sampling is not feasible because of severe reaction conditions.

In situ monitoring has only recently been reported in the academic literature, with the first

silane/polysiloxane studies published in the early 2000s. Application of in situ spectroscopy to monitor

hydrosilylation reactions was first documented at the beginning of this decade. In those studies, in situ

spectroscopy methods (primarily infrared spectroscopy) were applied to determine reaction times

accurately and efficiently, yielding valuable kinetic data in systems that would otherwise have to be tracked

by indirect methods.

Dow R&D has applied in situ spectroscopy monitoring techniques to develop both mechanistic and kinetic

understanding of several organic and inorganic chemical reactions. In this presentation, we show several

silicone chemistry examples that demonstrate the benefits of utilizing these advanced analytical tools.

33. Synthesis and Electrochemistry of Rhodium Catalyst Analogues

Hayley Lillo, McKenzie Moe, Adam Warhausen; the Dow Chemical Company

The compound tris-(triphenylphosphine) rhodium (I) chloride is a very well-known and studied compound;

it was first described in 1967. This catalyst can be utilized to efficiently hydrogenate unsaturated

compounds. Although the parent compound is well studied, little research has been compiled regarding the

electrochemical properties of this compound and its analogues. The primary goal of this project is to

synthesize a variety of analogues by altering the substituents at the para and ortho positions of the phenyl

rings. This is done in order to tune the electronics and vary the redox potentials of the compounds. This

was achieved by using two different synthesis preparations. Both preparations of the analogues are practiced

utilizing Schlenk-line (air- and moisture-free) techniques. After the synthesis of a new compound, they are

checked for purity and extent of reaction completion using infrared (IR) spectroscopy, melting point, thin

layer chromatography (TLC), and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). When it was certain that the

intended compound has been synthesized, the electrochemical technique of cyclic voltammetry (CV) is

used to find the substance’s oxidation and reduction potentials.

34. Effectiveness of several interventions to increase higher learning on Organic Chemistry

Dan Ahrens, Anja Mueller, Central Michigan University

Organic Chemistry is widely regarded as one of the most challenging courses in college, and the difficulty

of it has been turned into things of legend for undergraduate students. By inverting the class structure of

Organic Chemistry, in which the students learn on their own and apply the knowledge in class, Dr. Anja

Mueller of Central Michigan University is hoping to create a course that stimulates the retention of Organic

Chemistry knowledge at higher levels than previously observed. Data collected from students who have

taken this Active Learning Organic Chemistry course will be analyzed and quantified using the statistics

software SPSS. The expectant results are that we will be able to show using statistics that students are

benefitting in long term retention and application of Organic Chemistry concepts. Initial data will be

discussed in this presentation.

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35. Connect for H2OQ

McCullough, Lauren, the Dow Chemical Company

Connect for H2OQ is a unique volunteer opportunity for community science professionals, students, and

anyone who is interested in STEM outreach! Volunteers will pair up with middle school student groups to

take the innovative H2OQ curriculum out of the classroom and into the community. H2OQ will teach middle

school students about the importance of natural water sources, data analysis, and the scientific method via

fun and interactive game-like experiences. Stop by the poster to learn how to get involved!

36. Higgins Lake Watershed Study

John Blizzard, Chuck Schepke, 28 High School Students; Quadsil Inc, Midland

This program utilizes high school chemistry and physics students to sample, test and evaluate the Higgins

Lake Watershed and tributaries in Michigan. Students would sample water from a number of sites within

the land watershed and test for inorganics, bacteria and physical characteristics of the test site. Sampling

has increased to 12 different sites within the watershed and has been performed each month during 2018.

The first year of testing at each site is to obtain a base line of each test site for continued testing over the

next five years. Each site database has been combined together to provide a complete, systematic picture

of the quality of water in this important water shed over an extended period of time. Water analysis included

a variety of EPA certified chemical analysis techniques.

The water testing is performed and compared with EPA certified standards to ensure accurate, reliable test

results. Using EPA standards reinforces the importance of using standards to compare testing technique,

procedures and analyst ensuring quality data collection. This reinforces and connects the academic realm

to real world job potentials. This is also part of a job-shadowing program within the watershed program to

expose the students to potential employment opportunities available to qualified trained individuals.

37. ACS CERM 2019 - Midland Local Section invites you to attend the American Chemical Society’s

2019 Central Region Meeting (what is shaping up as a premier celebration of the chemical sciences)

Valentina Woodcraft, the Dow Chemical Company

The 2019 ACS Central Region Meeting (CERM) will be the 50th CERM and mark the 100th anniversary of

the founding of the Midland, MI ACS section. This unique event will be held in the home town of The

Dow Chemical Company, providing a unique environment for students and researchers from industry,

academia, and government sectors to interact and exchange ideas. The Meeting, themed MOLECULES

TO MATERIALS, will feature several internationally-recognized plenary speakers as the nucleus of a

world-class technical program: Craig Hawker (UCSB), Melanie Sanford (U. of Michigan), Tobin Marks

(Northwestern), and A. N. Sreeram (The Dow Chemical Company). To enhance the broader impact of this

meeting, it will also offer a strong STEM education program for K-12 students and teachers as well as

public-interest events around the theme of “Chemistry in Everyday Life” to engage the surrounding

community. As organizers, we plan a memorable and impactful regional meeting, while offering the

accessibility, convenience and an intimate, collaborative atmosphere that are hallmarks of best mid-sized

ACS events.

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38. 25+ Years of Exceptional and Significant Contributions of the Mid-Michigan Technician Group

Valentina Woodcraft, the Dow Chemical Company

Abstract: For the past twenty five plus years, the Mid-Michigan Technician Group has been focused on

promoting personal and career related growth throughout the Technician community. Current and past

members have participated in numerous public outreach events such as Kids and Chemistry, ACS Science

Coach Program, SciFest, ACS Day at the Fair, and many others. This poster presentation will cover various

activities MMTG has sponsored or volunteered time to in both the science community and those interested

in working in a science related field. Also included are various awards MMTG has received from their

contribution to the community and the promotion of technicians.

39. When Will Procedure for Vote Counting in ACS Election of Directors-at-Large Be Corrected?

Wendell L. Dilling, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Central Michigan University, Mt.

Pleasant, Michigan

The results of the 2016 and 2017 preferential elections for two Directors-at-Large each (C&EN, Nov. 7,

2016, p 7; Nov. 6, 2017, p 5) demonstrate that the vote counting procedure needs to be changed. The

pertinent part of the General Procedure 2.b. states that if no candidate receives a majority of first-preference

votes cast, the candidate with the fewest first-preference votes is eliminated from further consideration. In

the 2017 election, the effect of this procedure was to eliminate Fivizzani and Lawlor before the vote

counting for the second candidate to be elected was started and the second-preference votes on the ballots

where Jones was the first-preference were distributed only to Sawrey or not at all. Those voters who voted

for Jones as their first-preference and either Fivizzani or Lawlor as their second-preference didn’t have their

second-preference votes counted. These votes should have been distributed to all three of the remaining

candidates. An analogous result occurred in the 2016 election. If the candidates that were “eliminated from

further consideration” above were only “eliminated in this stage of the vote counting” the results could have

been different. The National ACS Committee on Nominations and Elections has thus far not made efforts

to change the current procedure even though urged to do so.

Results of the 2017 Director-at-Large election as reported by C&EN

Round 1 Round 2 Round 3

Wayne E. Jones, Jr. 146 159 187

Barbara A. Sawrey 101 120 159

Bonnie (Helen A.) Lawlor 68 81

Kenneth P. Fivizzani 50

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40. History of the Midland Section ACS Fall Scientific Meeting, 1945-2018 – General Chairs and

Meeting Themes Wendell L. Dilling, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Central Michigan University, Mt.

Pleasant, Michigan

The 2018 Fall Scientific Meeting (FSM) is the 74th meeting of the series that started in 1945. These

meetings have had a varied and interesting history. Early scientific meetings were organized by scientists

at The Dow Chemical Company and Dow Corning Corporation and were attended chiefly by employees of

those companies. More recent ACS FSM’s have been organized and attended by college faculty, high

school teachers, students, scientists, and other people from a variety of organizations such as Central

Michigan University, Saginaw Valley State University, Alma College, Delta College, and Michigan

Molecular Institute in addition to Dow and Dow Corning. Meetings in the past 30 to 40 years have attracted

scientists and students from outside the Midland Section area such as Michigan State University, the

University of Michigan, and Michigan Technological University. These meetings have been held annually

except during 1974 when the meeting was cancelled because of a labor strike at Dow. An extra meeting

was held in 1962. Thus, the 74th meeting is being held in the 74th year. The numbering system for the

meetings was first used in 1952 with the 8th meeting. The first five meetings (1945-1949) in what became

the current numbered series were closed Dow/Dow Corning Scientific Meetings and were not open to ACS

members in general. This poster lists all the general chairs, starting with K. D. Gordon Clack in 1945 up

to Jennifer Larimer and Eve Suthiwangcharoen in 2018. Also listed are the themes of all the meetings,

starting with “Air and Water Pollution Control” in 1967 up to “Chemistry Is Out of This World” in 2018.

Other aspects of the FSM’s, keynote speakers and topics and attendance figures, will be highlighted in the

75th anniversary meeting in 2019, the 100-year anniversary of the Midland Section.

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The 2018 ACS-FSM Committee Team

Chair: Jennifer Larimer, The Dow Chemical Company

Co-Chair: Eve N. Suthiwangcharoen, The Dow Chemical Company

Oral Presentation Chair: Elizabeth Santos, The Dow Chemical Company

Poster Presentation Chair: Luqing Qi, The Dow Chemical Company

Registration Chair Noel Chang, The Dow Chemical Company

Registration Chair Manaswee Malugari, The Dow Chemical Company

Webmaster: Greg Cushing

The event is sponsored by Midland ACS and SVSU-Chemistry Club.