210 abioadapt water animals
DESCRIPTION
adaptations of animals ecology 2TRANSCRIPT
Ecological(Adapta-ons
Major(limi-ng(factor
Varia-on(in(availability
What(is(an(adapta-on?
Any$form$of$a$trait$that$helps$an$individual$survive$and$reproduce$under$prevailing$environmental$condi6ons.
Natural(Selec-on.
Animal(Advantage Recurrent(Themes
Water(balance
Body(size
Climate
Unique(combina-on
The(water(balance(of(organisms(is(determined(by(exchanges(of(water(and(solutes(with(the(external(
environment.
Biochemical(need
Universal(solvent
Moves(down([((((](gradient
Micro(climates
Resistance((Mechanisms+enabling+
plants+to+survive)
Morphological
Morphological
Adapta-ons
Biochemical
Physiological
Avoidance((Mechanisms+that+
reduce+the+probability+of+damage)
Tolerance((Mechanisms+that+increase+growth+
following+damage)
EvadersPlants or NMLS
Hibernation & aestivation
modified physiology!seeds
Migration
Resistors Plants
deep roots
succulents store H2O
modified physiology
Resistors NML
Behavioural
Physiological
Sources(of(water
Free(liquid
Performed(water
Metabolic(water
Rivers/lakes
Food(content
Nutrient(
Water(Balance
! Inputs$
! Drinking$
! Uptake$through$roots$
! Uptake$through$body$wall$(amphibians)$
! Water$in$food$
! Metabolic$water$
!Where$does$this$come$from?
Water(Balance
! Outputs$! Cutaneous$
! leaking$through$outer$surface$(skin,$exoskeleton)$
! Respiratory$! pan6ng,$breathing,$transpira6on$
! Excretory$! Feces$! Urine$! Other$secre6ons:$sweat,$tears,$milk
Reducing(Water(Loss(Q((cutaneous
Stay(in(cool/moist
Reduce(surface(temperatures
Don't(sweat(
Decrease(surface(area
Reducing(Water(Loss(Q((respiring
cool/moist(microclimate
Nasal(condensa-on
Diurnal?
Cool(exhale
Reducing(Water(Loss(Q((excre-onConcentrate(–(super(
kidneys
Dry(feces
Uric(Acid
10xless(H2O(than(urea
Reducing(Water(Loss(Q((excre-on
Birds(and(rep-les((Quric(acid
Mammals(and(Amphibs((Qurea
Energy(uric(acid(>(urea
Nauru
7000(people
21(km2
90%(UI
Abbotsford 375.55 km2
Adapta-ons(for(Desert(Life
Behaviour
Touareg
(Burrowing
shade
Lessens(water(use
Pant(outside
Increases(humidity
Microclimate
(Behavioural
Gular/tongue(fluaering
(Behavioural
Nocturnal
Crepuscular
Dawn(or(dusk
(Behavioural
Acroba-cs
�28
Onymacris unguicularis
"fog-basking" beetle.
�29
Adapta-ons(for(Desert(Life
Morphological$Adapta6ons
Thick$warm,$white$fur$coat$Keeps$the$bear$warm$in$below$$
freezing$temperatures$and$allows$$him$to$camouflage$in$the$snow.
LiTle$eyes$
Keeps$cold$$
and$icy$snow$
blizzards$$
out$of$their$eyes.
Large$Paws$Produce$an$oil$that$stops$his$feet$freezing$$
on$the$snow.
Big, flat feet Enable camels to walk on the
sand without
sinking into it.
Long Legs Help to move
across the dessert quicker and keeps the sand
off the camels stomach.
Humps Camel can store a supply of fat so it doesn’t have to stop to drink
Long eyelashes Keeps sand from storms
and glaring sun from camels eyes.
point into the sun
Pacific Northwest merlin (wet climate)
(Gloger’s(rule
Lighter(in(dry
Prairie merlin (Dry climate)
Darker(in(dry
nasal(passages
Marine(adapta-on
salt(tubes
salt(tubes