21st century mutation on laws of the game and referee' s professional personality

7/30/2019 21st Century Mutation on Laws of the Game and Referee' s Professional Personality

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SOCCER ACADEMY OF AMERICA

Presents-through

The World Football Continuing Education Series

Volume 2003

New Mutations on the Football

Referees Professional Conceptat the beginning of the 21st Century

1.. Selection, preparation & perfection based on Personality Profile & Referees Typology

2. The Adjustment between Referees Professional Requirements/Job and the Referees Personality

3. A new Taxonomy of the Football Referees Technique, Scientific & Business Professionalism

Authors:

Dr. Victor Stanculescu

Romanian, ASIAN Football Confederation & FIFA - Instructor

International Football Technical, Scientific & Business Advisor

February 2003 - Chicago, USA.



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Dear Friends & Football Partners - Referees, February 2003, Chicago, USA

During the last 50 years, the referees have been the first coaches & players professional partners.

The history of the Football Game is:

* The History of the World Cups, a New World Order and classifications of the Football Associations;

* The History of the Laws of the Game (& of the Referees Personality, Strategies and Roll in football);

* The New Playing Systems, changed usually duringthe World Cups World Famous Football Fiesta

The modern Football Game has developed very much in the last 3 World Cups: 1994, 1998 & 2002 and the Coaches & Players,

the Medical Staff & Managers, the Referees & Media all become more and more - professional.

Of course, The 2002-World Cup, demonstrated that the professionalization of the Referees job and Referees activity is a

mandatory request for future World Cups.

In our last 30 years studies we concluded that the Referee and the Laws of the Game, are a particularly strategic part of winning

in performance football.

This study is dedicated to the Referees and in the same time to the Coaches & Players, the Golden Football performance

triangle, common effort to develop the game & the Professional Football Staff..

Our study is concentration on:

1. Contribution of the Referees to the 21st Magic Performance Formula:

Football as Art-Show, Science-Professionalism, & Business-Management.

2. How can the Laws of the Game, the Referees and our new cooperation goals can help the teams training & education of

Players & Teams to improve the performances.

3. New life & performance requirement: The Referee, Coaches & Players:

Three-Dimensional-Teamwork future performances


International Football technical, Scientific & Business Advisor.

Welcome to the SAA

Continuing Education Series Learning from the Champions:

Year-2003


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Content:Introduction (page-4)

Chapter 1 (page 10)* Professional Referees Technical Requirements & Job

Chapter 2 (page 23)

* Selection according to the Professional Referees Personality Profile (a Referees Typology)

Chapter 3 (page 28)

* New Strategies of Preparation, Perfection and Virtuosity for the referees future performance.

Chapter 4 ( page 43)

Strategies of the referees professional Development

Chapter 5 (page 58)

Special Strategies Supporting the Referees perfecting Personality and Better Refereeing

Annexes (page 70)

References (page 71)

About the Authors (page 73)


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INTRODUCTION:

1. What Football for Referees ?2. Whats Referee for Football ?

3. New Strategies in perfecting

the 2nd and 3rd Class

Countries Football Level Referees

Circle of Activity


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1. FOOTBALL - IS AN ARTDemonstrated by players and

the games management by the Referee

2. FOOTBALL - IS A SCIENCEImplemented by the Teamwork,

including the Referees Partnership

3. FOOTBALL - IS A BUSINESS

For all professional staff involved,including the Referee!

The results of the game is established by the Referees

Fairness, Professionalism and SocialBusiness Prestige.

1. - WHATS FOOTBALL

FOR REFEREES?


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1.

A FootballArt-Show-

Manager

2.

A FairProfessional

Football Educator

3.

A ProfessionalFootball Judge &

Business Partner

2. - WHATS THE REFEREE FOR

THE FOOTBALL GAME?


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3. PROFESSIONAL REFEREES

CIRCLE OF ACTIVITIES:The Goal of the Study:

--------------------------------------------------------------------------1. To Establish the Referees Individual Personality Profile &

Typology

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------2. To Establish the Professional Referees Requirements Duty & Job

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

3. To match the two profile: Professional and Individual and make:

First Stage:

* The Adjustment by Corrections & CompensationsSecond Stage:

* To Prepare by Balancing Qualities Vs. Weaknesses

Third Stage:

* To Perfect by Continuing Education Process.


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1.SELECTION

On 3 groups:

I - 14-18 years

II -19-27 years

III -28-44 years

2.PREPARATION:

1Juniors

2- Youth

3 - Seniors

4.

REORIENTATON:1- Management

2-Instructor

3-Administrator

3.COMPETITIONS:

1Local

2National

3- International

4. Football Referees Professional Circle:


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5. National Pyramid of Referees:* FIFAELITE REFEREES:

* 1st Class

* 2nd Class

* 3rd Class

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

LOCALELITE REFEREES:New Concept of Preparation Proposed by us:

* Juniors Referees: 14-20

* Youth Referees: 21-27* Seniors Referees: 28-45


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CHAPTER 1

THE REFEREES

PROFESSIONAL JOB

REQUIREMENTS


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1.1.- FOOTBALL REFEREES

PROFESSIONAL JOB REQUIREMENTS:

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------No. Referees Professional Evaluation in marks from 1-10

Requirements -5 6 7 8 9 10

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

1. Sport-Football Functions:1.1. Manager of the Show .

1.2. Football-Educator & Judge .

1.3. Business Football Partner .--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

2. Social-Services:

2.1. Community Social Work .

2.2. Fairness Create Social Unity .

2.3. Social Community Prestige ......................................................................................

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

3. Individual Performances

3.1. Individual Sport Contribution .

3.2. Adult needed Performances .

3.3. Prestige, Reputation, Self-Esteem .

By fairness business partnership.

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------* Evaluate in marks from 1 to 10 and than, connect the marks and you have the professional profile.

* Important for Football is that the Referees are part of the modern concept:

FOOTBALL = AN ART, A SCIENCE & A BUSINESSwhere the Referee has a very important roll.


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1.2. REFEREES GAME PROFILE:====================================================================================================================

No. THE REFEREES KEY FACTORS (Please circle one) VARIANT 1 VARIANT 2 VARIANT 3

====================================================================================================================

1.The difficulty of the game: please circle one of the three variants: (Circle one)1. 1.Very difficult; 2. Difficult 3. Easy

2.Games Conditions: please circle one of the variants: (circle one)1. 1.Stadium 2. Sun/raining 3. Perfect time

3.Referee controlled the game: (Circle one)1. 1.Yes/very much 2. Good enough 3. No games control

4.Management of energy, for the duration of the game: (circle one) 1. Concentration/relaxation 2. First half 3. 2nd Half time

5Advantage, yellow & /or red cards: (circle one) 1. Advantage: Yes 2. Advantage No 3. Some times

6.The art of making difference between passive & active Offside: (circle one)1. 1. Active offside 2. Passive Offside 3. Communication

7.How he spent the half time for refreshment and his improvement for 2nd.half: 1. There is the same style 2. He changed style 3. He lost his control

8.Interested in building the game, and development of the show: (circle one) 1. Positive and helping 2. Negative and spoil 3. Inconsistent

9.Did he changed the result of the game: (circle one) 1. He supported a team 2. He doesnt the game 3. He is not yet 100%

10.Does him benefit the football movement: art, science & business? (circle one) 1. He has a future 2. He needs preparation 3. He needs to review

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------

Technical Note:Please evaluate in marks from 1 to 10 for the 10 questions, and you have the referees profile

Circle one of the three aspects of each of the 10 questions, and connect them- this is the Referees Diagnosis and indication forplan-preparation for the next week, forthe next game.

Make this individually, ask friends to do for you and you are doing for them, or the FA-Referees Director & Instructors will make the evaluation for the referees-

individually.

This is just a professional exercise for all of use involved in the development of performance football, by using the three-dimensional system (total football vision)::

Evaluation of the referees profile

Diagnosis of the qualities, weaknesses and unprepared capacities

Plan-Programming the future preparation.

You can add or eliminated the aspects you are not considering important for the referees benefit.

Good luck and belief that, you are the most important person in this world of football and you need to perfect yourself every day!

ANY OF THE COMMENTS ARE WELCOME:


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1.3. REFEREES INDIVIDUAL PROFILE:

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------No. MAIN QUALITIES Evaluation in marks from 1 to 10

U-5 5-6 7-8 9-10

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

1. REFEREES PERSONALITY PROFILE:

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

1.1. Talent for Refereeing:

* Creative games intelligence

* Common sense of the game

1.2. Energy for Refereeing:

* Temperament to lead the game

* Physical Fitness for 90

1.3. Character for Refereeing:

* Integrity, Fair, Sportsman

* Social & Sport Prestige.

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

2. REFEREES PROFESSIONAL PROFILE2.1. Professional Knowledge.

* Laws of the Game.

* Professional information.

2.2. Creativity of the game/show

* Leading the game, dont get in.

* Building the show of football

2.3. Emotional balance:

* Self control (for 9o)

* Controlling the game (for 9o)

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------

3. REFEREES FOOTBALL PRESTIGE:

1. Accepted as APPARENCE:

* Referees Body language.

* Accepted by Football

2. Cooperation with Assistants:

* Correct position

* Cod of Communication.

3. Accepted by Football:

* Players & Coaches & Teams

* By Supporters & Media

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------X PERSONALITY: as Manager, Judge, Leader of the football show:

* The main life question Did I changed the result of the game or not?


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Technical Notes:

.The referee must respond to the three-dimensional of referees Personality:

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------.1. HIS OWN PERSONALITY:

.2. PROFESSIONAL PERSONALITY, AS REFEREE

.3. SOCIAL & SPORT PRESTIGE.

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

The most important question the referee must ask permanently, IF WHTROUGH THIS OWN ACTIVITY IS

CHANGING OR NOT THE RESULT OF THE GAME.

There are many other aspects to be taken into consideration. We consider the referee (from the coaches points

of view) a:

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

.1. A teamwork member of the football show.

.2. A specialist, who is coming to the stadium to judge, manage and lead the football show.

.3. A business football man (like all the other participants) paid to do a part of the show, what the football

wants from him!

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


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1.4. WORLD CUP 1998 FRANCE WAS CREATING TO THE GAME

AND THE REFEREES THE FOLLOWING CHARACTERISTICS:

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------1. The rhythmus was very intensive, good skills, physical fitness and tactics.

2. The Speed of the game was from all points of view higher than 1994, or 1990.

3. There is not time for rest, for the players or for the referee (the ball is getting insight, and the ball is

playing 9o minutes.)

4. Referee must stay behind the ball, in attack! and reverse for defense!

5. 5-10-15 m. behind the ball is the best position, to see the entire game picture.

6. Saving energy for 90 minutes is one of the most important strategy.

7. Read the game! There is important to have a intuition of the game, the direction of the game.

8. Moving early on the direction of the game!

9. In the penalty area, maximum concentration.

10. Referee, must have a creative decision of the game.


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1.5. THE MAIN 6 FACTORS OF

REFEREES DECISION:=======================================================================

No. important factors in Evaluation in marks from 1-10

referees decisions -5 5-6 7-8 9-10

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

1. Evaluation of the situation

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------2. Concentration/judgment

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

3. Confidence about the situation

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

5. Courage of taking the decision

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

6. Experience, other factors=======================================================================

Technical Note:

*Evaluating the 5 major factors are usually given the value of the referees power, speed, real-

optimum decisions value.


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1.6. THE STRATEGY OF DECIDING AND

SHOWING THE CARDS:

----------------------------------------------------------------------1. Caution,

2. Yellow and,

3. Red Card.

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

FACTORS FOR REFEREE IN ACORODINGRED CARD:

----------------------------------------------------------------------1. Concentration, evaluation and fairness (free mind)

2. Unified and consistent application of the laws of the Game (no compensation decisions)

3. Knowledge and Courage (believing in the cooperation with assistants and game

development)

-------------------------------------------------


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1.7. HOW TO USE THE LAWS OF THE GAME FOR THE COACHES,

PLAYERS, TEAMS, IN THE OFFICIAL GAMES.

We need to teach and coach the following aspects of the game:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------

1. FREE KICK:In attack:

1. You can play right away (stop the ball and play).

2. The distance will create advantage.10 yards.

In defense: 1. If one meter the wall its in front, the shooter cant score goal!

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------

2. CORNER:

In attack: 3 lines (2 are direct attacking) and the 3+1swpper & GK=back

In defense: 3 lines of three players & Goalkeeper + the biggest defender = free!

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------

3. THROW-IN:

In attack: Relay, with one of the players for heading back, or direct shoot In defense: Stay between the opponents and own goal and play direct the ball.

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

4. TACKLING:

In defense: 1. If he is playing the ball (without touching), will be NOTHING!

1.1. If is the opponents contact the opponents: = YELLOW CARD.

1.2. If is violent attack VISIBLE = RED CARD!

In attack: 1 & 2 We need to protect by jumping from side and front.

3. If the attack is from behind, tell to the players MAN-ON, or the players must watch around by himself!

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -----------------------------------------------------------------------

5. OFFSEID:In attack:

1. We are creating false offside, with 1-2 on the other part of the ball:

2. To interfere with the ball

3. To take advantage.

4.The man with the ball, can go, on dribbling. Long pass for the other side of the field. (or 1-2 and).

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------

Defense:

1. Dont play offside, it is very dangerous.

2. Stay with sweeper.

3. Play with 4 in defense to cover all sides.


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1.8. THE CREATIVE ACT OF THE REFEREE,

COACH, PLAYERS:

1.8.1. Written & Unwritten common sense rules:* Move before in the right place (to call in the right time the infractions):

* See properly angle, distance, and position to the goals.

* Recognize the game anomaly!

1.8.2. The rules of 2002 (to get with time to have the best solution):

* Judge the infraction, by calling the knowledge from sub-conscience* Select the best variant.

1.8.3. The rules of three steps (winning time to decide & show the decision):* Blow the whistle.

* By body language: show the decision and the go on the new direction.

(Dont talk, dont discuss, dont make the players more nervous.)

1.8.4. Feinting & Diving in simulation or normal actions:* .For the various game situation we need to protect the players integrity by feinting, diving and avoiding the body-

violent-contact!

* .In this regard, we need to apply the ACTOBATIC PROGRAM PREPARATION, teaching and coaching players to

use these skills.

* Than, to use, in the really situations or/and feinting situation!


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1.9. - HOW TO CONCENTRATION FOR 9O

MINUTES OF THE GAME:

The referee as the coach and the players has the same three important zones of concentration and relaxation:--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

.ACTIVE ZONE: Zone of the ball, 100% concentration zone.

.INTERMEDIAR ZONE: Zone of the 10-25m around the ball.

.FAR AWY ZONE OF THE PLAY: Over 25m.

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

ADVICES TO THE REFEREES (FINAL PART):

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1. .Dont go to search the foul (the players to make them nervous them).

2. Let the players play and you just help the game as needed.

3. Consider safety of the players, first!

4. Referee must enjoy the game too. Facilitate the game, not to enforce the rules.

5. Understand Possession and Opportunity.

6. Try to help the game.

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Results:1. .Will reduce the number and gravidity of the infraction.

2. The referee has less hard job.

3. The result will be better.----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ----------------------------------------------------------------------

THE REFEREE, PLAYERS AND COACHES THE SAME GOAL:

1. Dont change the result of the game by your mistakes

2. Let the players to play, and you enjoy the game, too!

3. The Football League difficulties + the referees individual Concept of Performance = Must build the International Referees Professional Personality.

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ----------------------------------------------------------------------


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1.10.SPECIAL TECHNICAL NOTE:

FROM THE COACHES & PLAYERS, MANAGERS &

SUPPORTERS, THE MOST IMPORTANT ASPECT IN

REFEREEING IS THE REFEREES FAIRNESS:

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------1. To be fairDont change the result of the game because of your job!

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

2. Despite the fact that the Referee is the single NON-PROFESSIONAL FOOTBALL

TEAMWORK PERFORMANCE MEMBER in the last 3 World Cups, the referees are

less and less mistaking, and the game is improving very much.

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

3. But for the 2nd & 3rd Class Football Level Countries, REFEREEING & REFEREES are

very much needed to be fair, and the result to be decided the teams, not the referee mistakes

or intentions!

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


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1.11. - Referees Special needs for the 2nd &

3rd Football Countries Level of Performance

-------------------------------------------------------------1. Referees Committee part of FA Technical Department:* The National Football Association to have a special Technical Department for Referees, leaded by the National

Technical Director and composed by the best former Referees Technical Committee.

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

2. Referees Committee are direct under the FIFA, AFC & FA Control:* The actual FIFA & AFC rules & regulations regarding the Referees to be implemented into practice withoutchanging, adding or simplifying by the FAs referees Committees.

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

3. Referees are important part of the National FA Technical Teamwork:* The Referees, Coaches, Managers and Medical Assistants are part of the modern TEAMWORK, of every

Confederation and FA. In this regard, we are proposing to have - at the national, regional and local levelas well

as at the confederations level - the courses, seminars, symposiums, congresses together with the other specialists

(teamwork): Coaches, Managers, Medical Staff, etc.--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

4.Special Technical Note:* Regarding this new requirement of continuing education for all football staff , we have an experiment with results

which are given us the hope that the future can perfect this method & activity..

* We are referring to the needs ofall football staff - knowing, understanding and perfecting the cooperation in the

development of the football games as show-art-business.


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CHAPTER2

Laws of the Game & the Referees Contributionto the Development of the 2002 World Cup:

Study realized in Korea-Japan 2002


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CHAPTER2

CONTENT:

* Laws of the Game & the Referees Contribution to the development of the 2002 WC (page: 25)

* Referees Individual Professional Profile (page: 26)

* The question is: If the referees was changed the result of the game by his mistake or intentionally

(page: 27)


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2.1.Laws of the Game & the Referees Contribution to

the Development of the 2002 World Cup:

1. Introduction* The history of the World Cup is the history of the laws of the game.

* The history of the Football Systems of the game, is the history of the laws of the game and their transformation in time.

* The 2002, was demonstrated the same aspect we presented in the other World Cup 1990, 1994 and 1998 World Cup:

The World Cup 2002:* FIFA needs to accept that the all factors involved in the World Cup are professionals, except the Referee who is amateur.

* Again 2-3 teams were eliminated from the World Cup, just because of referees decision.

2. Permanent conflict between the development of the game and the Laws of the gameWhat is the situation?

2.1. The players, coaches, managers, medical staff, football business companies, are developing their professional aspects using the modern

principles, methods and programs, like in any other science.

2.2. The game perfected the skills of penetration individually, without chance to stop with the defensive actual skills.

2.3. As we discuss about the team, perfecting to play in groups of 6-8-10 players, making difficult to be penetrated by individual, or small

groups of players.

2.4. The REFEREES:

* Are not yet professionals (are human being, unprepared for this job at the highest level of professional responsibility, is hard to judge

and compose & manage the show-game.

* The best referees were appointed for the semi-finals and finals, but what about the teams which were eliminated by the referee whichwas not ready to judge the games at this level of performance, or/and some of them without responsibility changing the results.

* The games are so fast and difficult than we need to help them (and the game) to take the right decisions, as followings:

a. Adding another referee in the field, in 2 referees system

b. Adding another 2 assistance for the goals and remained with 1 or two referees)

c. Replaying the game situation and the control-tower with a group of 3 referees to communicate the result by radio.

d. Or just replaying the game situation in the stadium TV Screen and the referee to take the decision accordingly.

e. A team composed by 2-3 referees to support the referees in the field, through RADIO, the decisions (the teamwork is

convinced (particularly, after seeing the re-play, on their support TV screen).

* The system of selection, preparation and plan-programming for the referees needs to be refreshed respecting the same criteria as for the

players & coaches.


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2.2. Referees Individual Professional

Football Profile------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

No. Main referees Personality Factors Evaluation in marks from 1 to 10 (10 being maximum)

-5 5-6 7-8 9-10

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------1. REFEREES GENETIC PERSONALITY:

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

1.1. Talent for refereeing a soccer game, the Intelligent Football IQ

1.2. Energy to respond to the 90 minutes of the game

1.3 .Character - positive & fair attitude and social integration

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

2. REFEREES PROFESSIONAL CONCEPT:

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

2.1. Knowing the game in attack, defense and set plays perfect

2.2. Accepting to prepare every day and referee 2 games/week/training

2.3. Doing a sport life, by recovering and having a sport nutrition.

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

3. REFEREES SOCIAL AND SPORT INTEGRATION:

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

3.1. If the referee accepting the written & unwritten laws of football

3.2. If the World of Football accepting the referees and his activity.

3.3. The referees social and sport reputation is very important

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Technical Note:

The presented profiles are to demonstrate that there is a big difference between two referees:a- The Referee from Brazil Vv. Germany, the final game of the 2002 World Cup

z- The referee from Germany Vs. USA - quarter finals game.

Final Coaching Points: (this commentary is done by the coaches and players, who are wants to win and lose by their really value, not by the referees

mistakes, or intention)

So, the last and most important question, what we, and all the football factors are asking IF THE REFEREES ARE CHANGING THE RESULT OF THE

GAME BY THEIR MISTAKE OR INTENTIONALLY?


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2.3. THE MAIN QUESTION IS: IF THE REFEREES CHANGED OR NOT

THE RESULT OF THE GAMEBY HIS MISTAKE OR INTENTION?There are three important categories of referees:

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

TYPE 1: PROFESSIONAL FOOTBALL REFEREE:

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________They are the really national and international football professional referees:

1. Knows the game.

2. Knows the laws of the game and are fair.

3. Are well prepared for any game.

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

The game's results are not decided by the mistakes of the referees.

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

TYPE 2: GOOD REFEREES, BUT NOT ENOUGH PREPARED FOR PERFORMANCE:------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

They are good players, but still their preparation is not good enough for performance.

1. They know the game.

2. They know the laws of the game and are fair.

3. But they are not well prepared for performance (EMOTIONALLY AND PHYSICALLY).

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

The game' s results are usually, normal, but, in the second part of the game (on the last part, particularly) are loosing the

concentration and is not able to control the game, like in the first half.

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________TYPE 3: GOOD REFEREES BUT THEY ARE SUPPORTING ONE OF ANOTHER TEAMS, THROUGH

THEIR DECISIONS ARE CHANGING THE RESULT OF THE GAME, OF THE WINNER.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

1. They know the game.

2. They know the laws of the game, BUT THEY ARE UNFAIR.

3. THEY ARE SUPPORTING ONE OR ANOTHER OF THE TEAMS, changing the result of the game, making scandal,

putting the spectators fighting each other, players, coaches, managers behavior accordingly!)

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

They are supporting one of another team, changing the result of the game.


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Chapter 3:

REFEREES PERSONALITY

PROFILE:2.1. Evaluation

2.2. Diagnosis

2.3. Plan-Programming


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3.1.EVALUATION

OF THE REFEREES INDIVIDUALPERSONALIT PROFILE:

3.1.1. Evaluation of the referees Individual Profile (page: 30)

3.1.2. The Value of the Referees Individual Profile (page: 31)


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3.1.1.Evaluation of the Football Referees Individual Profile___________________________________________________________________________________________________________

No. Qualities Vs. Weaknesses Evaluation in marks by 1- to 10

Under -5 5-6 7-8 9-10

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________

1. Referees Genetic Personality:

1.1. Appearance -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

1.2. Talent for Refereeing -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

1.3. Physical Fitness -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

1.4. Emotional Balance-Attitude -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

2. Referees Professional Value:

2.1. Knowledge (Laws of the Game) ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

2.2. Creativity of the Game-Show ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

2.3. Cooperation with the Linesman ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

3. Referee Social & Sport Personality:

3.1. Management of the Game ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------3.2. Changing the Games Result ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

3.3. Social and Sport Prestige ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

* Evaluate in marks from 1 to 10, all 10 personality Referees Factors. Connect the marks and you have the referees Profile

* This is the first operation to be done in finding the Referees Profile: Can be done individually, by other person, etc..


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3.1.2. Referees Football Profile:--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

No. Personality Factors Evaluation in marks from 1-10U-5 5-6 7-8 9-10

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

1. Genetic Personality:

1.1. IQRefereeing correctness

1.2. IQPhysical Fitness

1.3. IQPositive Character

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

2. Football Personality:2.1. IQFairness & Sportsmanship

2.2. IQCorrect Decisions

2.3. IQCreativity & Management

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------3. Social Personality:

3.1. IQ Accepting Football

3.2. IQFootball Prestige

3.3. IQReferees Professionalism


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3.2.- DIAGNOSIS :OF THE REFEREES SPORT-ESTATE Vs.

THE PERFORMANCES IN THE

GAMES REFEREEING:

CONTENT:

3.2.1. Diagnosis of Qualities, Weaknesses & Latent

Capacities (page: 33)

3.2.2. What kind of changes we can make on referees

Personality (page: 34)

3.2.3. The Referees Typology (page: 35)


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3.2.1. DIAGNOSIS:

Qualities, Weaknesses & Latent Capacities

1. After evaluation is done by every referee, by other referees, by the FA, etc.

2. Arrange the 10 qualities according to their number of maximum points, from 10 to 1

(minimum), in three important group as following:

Group 1:

The first three (1-2-3) qualities are the best Referees Qualities:

1.......................2.........................................3.............................

Group 2:

The next 3 (4-5-6) qualities are the Latent Capacities (unprepared qualities which are

usually, easy to become best qualities)

2.1.......................2.2................2.3.................................

Group 3:

The last 4 qualities (7-8-9- & 10) are the weaknesses of the Referee (qualities to be

prepared very well for the next game (s)

3.1..........3.2...................3.3....................3.4...


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3.2.2. WHAT KIND OF CHANGES CAN WE MAKE ON THE

REFEREES PERSONALITY PROFILE?

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------No. Changes and the difficulties Evaluation in three Stages

to be done in time & training Years Year Month/weeks

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------1. Referees Genetic Personality:1.1. Appearance YES NO NO

1.2. Talent for Refereeing NO NO NO

1.3. Physical Fitness YES YES YES

1.4. Emotional BalanceAttitude YES NO NO____________________________________________________________________________________________________________2

. Referees Professional Value:2.1. Knowledge (Laws of the Game) YES YES YES

2.2. Creativity of the Game-Show YES NO NO

2.3. Cooperation with the Linesman YES YES YES

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________

3. Referee Social & Sport Personality:

3.1. Management of the Game YES YES YES3.2. Changing the Games Result YES YES YES

3.3. Social and Sport Prestige YES YES YES

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Technical Note:* We are considering the referees Individual Profile a combination of GENETIC, PROFESSIONAL FOOTBALL AND SOCIAL RESPONSIBILI TY.

* In Building Personalities for the 2nd & 3rd Country Football level, we need to EXPLAIN, TO ENFORCE AND EDUCATE THE REFEREES TO

UNDERSTAND, TO ACCEPT AND TO DO THIS AS A NATIONAL DUTIES, AS SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY, AS INDIVIDUAL LIFE

HOBBY/HABITS/SPIRITUAL NEEDS.


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3.2.3. ACCORDING TO THE PROFILE, AND TO THE CHANGES, WE

CAN MAKE WE CAN HAVE THE REFEREES TYPOLOGY----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

No. Referees Typology Evaluation in marks from 1 to 10

From 100% Yes/No Typology Obsv.

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

1. Referees Biological Typology

1.1. Sanguine

1.2. Choleric

1.3. Phlegmatic

1.4. Melancholic

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------2. Referees Football Typology:

2.1. Knowledge (Laws of the Game)

2.2. Creativity of the Game-Show

2.3. Cooperation with the Assistants

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

3. Referees Social & Sport Typology:

3.1. Good management of the game3.2. Changing the result of the game

3.3. Social & Sport/Football Prestige

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Technical Note:

* The referees, as the Players & Coaches, they have also, an Individual Professional Profile.

* According to the individual profile and the changes we can made, we can compose an INDIVIDUAL TYPOLOGY OF REFEREES,

* The result of all those factors (and many others), we can establish a typology, helping us to control the development of

Referees personality, the Selection, Preparation, Perfection and Successful activity and Sport Life.


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3.3. REFEREES

PLAN-PREPARATION PROGRAMS

Content:

3.3.1. Referees Plan - PreparationProgram (page: 37)

3.3.2. Referees Plan Preparation Programs (page: 38)

3.3.3. Referees Preparation Programs (page: 39)

3.3.4. Referees To be in the right time (page: 40)3.3.5. Referees to be in the right place (page: 41)

3.3.6. Referees main3 strategic situations (page: 42)


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3.3.1. - REFEREES PLAN-PREPARATION-PROGRAMS

for:

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

1. REPAIRATION -Small Mistakes: from a game to another- Lack of Concentration or cooperation, etc.

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

2. PREPARATION -Big Weaknesses: losing games control,- No Physical Fitness, or Laws of the Game

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

3. PERFECTION -Main Qualities: continuing-education- process- Latent Capacities: transforming in main qualities, etc.


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3.3.2. REFEREES

PREPARATION PLANPROGRAMMING:

Is the third stage/part of the Referees Personality study and development:There are many strategies in the methodology of Referees preparation:

1. This operation of Evaluation, Diagnosis & Plan-Programming is done:* At the beginning of the Referees year/season-starting activity.

* Than, the Examination-can be done after 1-3-6-12 month;

* Or, for performance, after each of the official games the referees are refereeing.

2. After every game the referees (officially and/or Unofficially) are Evaluated and Diagnosed* by the Public-during the game,

* by the teams-at the end of the game,

* by the media and of course, by the FAreferees-officials- commissioner delegate from the FA..

3. According to this every game-REFEREES SPORT ESTATE AND GAMES

PERFORMANCESthe referees are doing the PREPARATION BY PLAN-PROGRAMS:

3.1. BASIC FUNDAMENTAL PREPARATION (all referees activity):

* This is done by the referees, according to their individual profile:a. Genetic,

b. Professional &

c. Social .

* And evaluated, supported and promoted officially by the FA, CONTINENTAL & FIFA


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3.3.3. - PREPARATION PROGRAMS:

--------------------------------------------------------------For Objective - 1:

120 min. Physical Fitness Program

----------------------------------------------------------------------

For Objective - 2:Avoiding Conflict by Strategic Mental Preparation Program

----------------------------------------------------------------------

For Objective3:The Art of Taking the Right Decision By Emotional

SelfControl Program

----------------------------------------------------------------------


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3.3.4. TO BE IN THE RIGHT TIME:------------------------------------------------------------------------------

We are working by a special

Physical Fitness Program composed by:

1. Daily IndividualHomework

2. Daily Compensatory Program

3. Refereeing Training Games


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3.3.5. TO BE IN THE RIGHT PLACE:

we are working based on a special programs:

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

1. Perfect 4 - RefereesTeamwork by compensation of their value and

knowledge FAIR during the development of the game.

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

2. Individual Self-Training for Referees by refereeing weekly

2-3/ games for the clubs training (kids, juniors, seniors, national teams)

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

3. Self-Analysis and Feedback by the Referees instructors, other Referees,

Coaches & Technical Director.

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


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3.3.6. THERE ARE 3-MAIN SITUATION DURING THE

OFFICIAL SEASON THE REFEREES NEEDS:

1. To avoid & prevent mistakesby being very well prepared

2. To repair mistakes & prepare for the next-immediately official game;

3. To perfect the sport estate-goal of referees sport life in the continuing education

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

I. LIGHT CORRECTIONS = to the Individual Referees Sport Estate:* By better concentration (more Oxygen, alternation with relaxation, self-control, etc.)

* Better management of energy during the game (timing the energy, running diagonal, making the optimum

decisions, better cooperation with assistants, etc.)

* Better preparation after and before the game,(this being the most important part of thereferees strategy of preparation, perfection and virtuosity of refereeing the football game)

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

II. MAJOR CORRECTIONSto prepared, repair and perfect the sport estate:* As Physical Fitness/Endurance Vs. the Management of Energy during the game.

* The biggest problem is to have and manage the energy for the 70-90-100-140 minutes of the game.

* Regaining coming back at the best sport estate and regain self-confidence after a bad game refereed, after a

suspension, sickness, injury, or social & family problems, etc.---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

III. FUNDAMENTAL CORRECTIONto be reconsidered as main factors,* As Mental Commitment to the game & preparation, almost every day;

* The Referees Life Style Vs. the Efficiency & Performances during the official games;

* Social and family balanceto give to the referee an emotional, physical and professional balance, and support to

get and maintain the best Sport Estate for each official game, for entire season.


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Chapter 4:

STRATEGIES FOR THE REFEREESPROFESSIONAL DEVELELOPMENT:

4.1. World Cup 1998 FinalsReferees Evaluation (page: 44)

4.2. New Concept of Refereeing (page: 45)

4.3. Referees goals, objectives & programs study (page: 46)

4 1 WORLD CUP 1998 GAMES PROFILE FRANCE BRAZIL (L d @ B il # F )


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4.1. WORLD CUP 1998 - GAME S PROFILE FRANCE-BRAZIL (Legend: @ = Brazil # = France)-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

No. Contain of the teams profile Evaluation in marks from 1 to 10

Under 6 7 8 9 10

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

1. Team Composition:

1.1. The Best 11 teams stars players @ #

1.2. Reserves value players @ #

1.3. Injuries + Discipline # @

2. The power-mind to control the players behavior:

2.1. Emotional balance control in 1vs.1 @ #

2.2. Courage in playing and winning 1 vs. 1 @ #

2.3. Playing aggressive at the maximum limit @ #

3. Physical Fitness to control the ball and the game:

3.1. Using the legs, to control the ball @ #

3.2. Using the body, to protect the ball. @ #

3.3. Using the trunk+ hands, to protect against violence @#

4. Mobility + Balance + Agility = Timing the Body:

4.1. The bodys support of the 90 to play. @ #

4.2. The bodys movement-agility for 90 minutes @ #

4.3. The bodys balance in winning 1 vs. 1 @ #5. The contribution of the players stars:

5.1. Former Big stars, but plying less that 90' @ #

5.2. New Stars playing for the team. @ #

5.3. The team with more stars=the winner! @ #

6. Games new content of performance:

6.1. Static vs. Dynamics and mixed effort. @ #

6.2. Concentration and Relaxation for more oxygen @ #

6.3. Effort vs. Recuperation/recovery during the game @ #

7. Timing the Individual Skills + Physical Fitness +Tactics:

7.1. Winning by using the right skills in attack @ #

7.2. Winning by using the right skills in defense. @ #

7.3. Winning by using the right skills at the Set Plays @ #8. Timing the Tactics in conditions of the other factors:

8.1. Individual players to play a total football @ #

8.2. Group of 3 players (1-2 for the 3 or 4th ) the new key @ #

8.3. The team as a total football winning formula @ #

9. Mind-Power to play strategic - a total football: @ #

9.1. The team to play from 0-0", to score and win. @ #

9.2. The team to come back, from being leaded (0-1) @ #

9.3. The team to go ahead and win, by leading (1-0)

10. Un controlled factors - special games factors:

10.1. The Big-Teams Stars games contribution @ #

10.2. The Injuries. @#

10.3. The Referees unexpected-strange decisions # @


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4.2. New Concept of Refereeing

From study done at the U-20 FIFA Youth Championship in Argentina - 2001

An analysis of the games in Argentina proved that the referee's personality focuses on:

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

1. - Total Emotional ControlThe referee has to maintain the moderator's position by employing a higher level of concentration and

reasoning during the most intense moments of the game. Objectivity, above all, is the motif that has to

exist throughout the 90+ minutes of game.

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2. - Timing the CallAccidental (i.e., without intention) collision is to be observed as such and not sanctioned, allowing for

the continuation of the game, etc. Brutal attacks, evidently, are to be sanctioned accordingly (as we have

seen during the tournament).

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

3. - Ability to make the right decisions in time and space within the most sensitivemoments of the gameThe fluency of the game is given by the referees ability to call the advantage and offside called at the

right times. The referee, as the moderator of the game, has to direct the play and players, controlling

behavior and situations with skill and anticipation.


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4.3. WHAT ARE THE OBJECTIVES OF OUR REFEREES

ACCORDING TO THE STUDIES, EXPEPRIENCE & EXPERTISE?_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

No. Referees Personality: Evaluation Observation.

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

I. WEAKNESSES:____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

1.1. Emotional balance No. 10 Main weaknesses

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

1.2. Physical Fitness No. 9 Main weaknesses

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

1.3. Composition and No. 8 Main weaknesses

Creativity of the game.

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

II. UNPREPARED Qualities:_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

2.1. Appearance No. 7 Common sense

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

2.2. Talent for this profession No. 6 To many no talent

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

2.3. Management of the game No. 5 No by police, by referees.

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

2.4. Laws of the game No. 4 Creative-training

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

III. REFERES QUALITIES:_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

3.1. Cooperation with the linesman No. 3 Very important game's aspect

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

3.2. Prestige: social and sport No. 2 feedback of referees value

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

3.1. No-Changing the game s result. No. 1 This is the first requirement.

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

1


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2.

RefereesSocial & Sport

Prestige

3.

Cooperation &

Cooperation withAssistants

4.

Laws of the

Game

5.

Management of

The Game

6.

Talent for

Refereeing

8.

Composition &

Creativity

7.

Referees

Appearance

9.

PhysicalFitness

1.

No Change the

Result of the

Game!

10.

Emotional

Balance

FOOTBALL

REFEREES

PERSONALITY STUDY:

The 10 factors and their value

started from 10 to 1(10 being the last and

1 being the first)


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10. Emotional Balance.

9. Physical Fitness.

8. Composition and creativity of the game.

10. EMOTIONAL BALANCE:

* Yes! I want to be more intelligent in everything I am doing: I am accepting My Individual Mental Training as (Football

Referee) with the following:

Exercises:* I am in the field to watch if the laws of the games are applied.

* I am in the field, to judge the game, to let the players to play and to be fair in calling only the infractions who are against the "common sense of

laws of the game"

* I have to put myself in the situation of the players and the coaches, managers and I will judge them fair.

* I am helping the players to be fair, by being you fair.

* I know that the official games are not organized for me. I am one of the teamwork of the soccer show.

* I am sent by the Bahrain Football Association and the Referees Committee to refereeing the game and together with the players, coaches, managers

and spectators to make the every game, "the game of the week, the best football demonstration, the best show"!

* I will never-ever lose my emotional balance- control. If I am controlling my emotionality, I am supporting and not destroying the show and

particularly the result of the game!

* Yes, I am the best REFEREE! YES! YES! YES! YES! YES! YES! YES! YES!

* I know that if I am controlling my emotional balance.. From now on, I am controlling my emotions, I am controlling the game! and automatically, Iam the best referee!

* When I am filling badly, I am telling myself "Mr. best referee!"

pass from negative to positive altitude, and smile! How nice is to be intelligent! Thanks me!

* I am a master of refereeing and I am doing the best for the game of Football and for myself.


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9. PHYSICAL FITNESS:

*Yes, this is my power quality. It is to myself commitment to practice (the physical fitness could be the easy way to compensate many of my

individual profile qualities. Yes! Yes! Yes! I want and I can, and I am doing from now on!

Examples:

9.1. PROGRAMS FOR REFEREES TRAINING ENDURANCE:* Run 30 minutes X 3 times/week, non stop:

* 3x30=90/minutes/WEEK

* 90 X 4/weeks = 360 minutes running/ month

* 360/month X 12/months = 4.320 minutes/year.

* Plus 1 official games/week=another 72 hours/running = 144 hours/year

* Most of the referees are doing 2-3-4 games/week and then, it will be very good to have a perfect physical fitness for elite referees.

9.2. REFEREE'S BODY'S POWER AND STRENGTH DEVELOPMENT:

* Use the following CIRCUIT TRAINING, composed by 5 exercises:1. Push-ups : 10 times

2. Set-Ups : 10 times

3. Extension : 10 times

4. V-ups : 10 times

5. Jumps with both knees up : 10 times

* Repeat this circuit complete of 50 exercises by 3 times/day = 150 exercises;

* Repeat this program every day: 6 times/week: 150 X 6 = 600 exercises/week;

* If you are doing this program all year around = 600/month X 12/month = 7200/year...and you can go for any of the referees

9.3. REFEREES SPEED DEVELOPMENT TRAINING PROGRAMS:* In only 3 days of practice/week:

Sprint Program No. 1:* 10 meters X 10 repetitions = 100 m. sprint/ day X 3/times/week = 300/week X 4/weeks = 1200 m/month X 12 months 14.400m of sprint/year... (And

you will be the best referee).

Sprint Program No. 2:* 30 meters X 10 Repetitions = 300m. sprint/day X 3 days/week = 900 meters X 4/weeks = 3600 meters /month X 12 month = 43.200m sprint/year.

Sprint program No. 3:* 60 meters X 10 repetitions = 600m sprint/day X 3 days/week = 1800 meters X 4 weeks = 7.200m sprint X 12/month = 86.400


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8. COMPOSITION AND CREATIVITY:* Yes, I know that soccer is an art, a science and the game of the games.

* Yes, I know that I am an artist, to apply scientifically the laws of the game, in the game of the games!

Examples of the exercises to become the best referee in creativity and composition of the

football game:

a. Applying the "1001 rules" By counting "One thousand one". I am watching the ball and I

have enough time to see if there is an advantage or not.

b. Yes, I am staying close enough to the ball, to be able to see myself the really game's picture.

Not to close (don't have the full picture of the game, not to far-to lose the d details of the

game. I will stay in the right position for myself, according to my physical fitness, my

emotional control, with my prestige in soccer.

c I have to protect my prestige, by being the best, doing the best!

d. I am helping the players to play and I am proud of myself!


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CONTINUATION OF THE STUDY:

7. Referees Appearance.

6. Talent for this profession

5. Management of the Game.

4. Laws of the game.

7. REFEREE'S APPEARANCE:* Yes, I am interested to impose to the players, coaches and managers, more respect by

my personal sport-soccer appearance:

Examples:

a. Dress for success - the best you can for every of your games.

b. Respect yourself, as you want respect from the others.

c. Be a really sport-personality model!


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6. TALENT FOR REFEREEING:* Yes, I can compensate lake of talent with a perfect preparation of the other

factors-qualities and being the best and successful referee!

Examples:a. More physical fitness will help you to be close to the ball and to

help you in evaluating the game perfect.

b. Applying the rules of "1001" avoiding to cut the game's

advantage;

c. Stay properly in the field to be close to the ball and face to the

linesman. In this way you will have all 90 minutes the full picture

of the game, etc.


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5. HOW TO DEVELOP THE MANAGEMENT OF

THE FOOTBALL GAME AND THE SHOW?

Yes, I have to take care about the management of the show, to help the spectators, players, technical staff

to enjoy the show.

Exercises:

* I need to go to the locker room with the linesman to say hello to the teams and to wish them good luck,

telling them: to play the ball-only, to avoid violent attack from behind, to watch the offside only at the

ball, to control themselves and the game will be won by the best team.

* This will create a "warm-up" for the players and the coaches. In this way, they will know that you arefair, you are remembering and some times you are the first to tell them about the most important rules in

our internal Soccer activity.

* Championship (advantage, violet fault from behind and with 2 legs diving from front, offside active and

passive, kicking the ball after you call an infraction, responding to the referees and addressing injuries,

bad language, etc. you are doing the best you can for the development of the football show.

* We don't need the police to escort me, if I am arranging everything like for an international game.

* Before the game, during the games, at half time, at the end, I am calling the coaches and payers gently,

and asking them to cool down and to let the game to develop accordingly to the laws of the game.* I know that only one of my word can spoil the game. I have to do the best, to control myself, and to take

care about the entire management of the game.

* Yes, I will come before the game to inspect everything, to shack the hands with the coaches and

managers, and the captains, I am smiling, I am given confidence to the teams, I am the fair judge and

technical director and the manager of the game, of the soccer show!


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4. LAWS OF THE GAME:

* I need to know the LAWS OF THE GAME, but the most important aspect is to interpret hem according

to the game' situations;* Every game has particularity difficulties, created by:

a. Situation of the classification of each team;

b. The really teams value and their differences...

c. The composition of the team, the stars play value...

d. Injuries during the game, and the reserves...

e. Development of the score during 90 minutes.

f. Spectators support...

g. And of course, the referee's contribution to the game's development:What about my contribution to the development of national and international soccer?

a. I have to help the game to develop well.

b. I have to call correct and to explain to the players:

c. No violent attack from behind.

d. No violent attack to the ball with foots from up-down, to broke the opponent's leg.

Example: (the rules already presented)1. I am helping the game by talking if needed, to explain, to call to help the

development of the game, being close to the game and fair.

2. I will avoiding the conflict with the players, showing that I am a superior referee, a

Sportsman!

3. I am controlling myself and I can control the game! I know what I am doing and I am proud of myself

as referee!


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3. Cooperation with linesman.

2. Prestige

1. No-changing the result of the game-Fair play

3. COOPERATION WITH THE LINESMAN:

* In our cooperation we are refereeing particularly to the "offside, Advantage, and violent fault."

* If I am not sure which team is playing the ball from out-side (throw-in), let them decide and I am sure that I am not

losing the game's control.

* I need to establish between myself and the linesman, a "cod of communication".

* Linesman, please, show-me-by-hand the right direction before to rise the flag-up, (if we are not sure who is playing

the ball). In this way we are avoiding different decisions!

* Linesman, please, show me the time after 45 and 90 minutes of play.

* Something wrong, you can pass over or show me that you want to talk with me (the center), etc.

* I know that only one element wrong decision just in middle of the field can put the spectators on my head.

* Don't lose the control of the game. The rest is an enjoyment for all of us.


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2. THE REFEREES PRESTIGE:* Our prestige, is the most important aspect of our activity and life. We need

recognition from the people, we need to be respected, we need to fill good: home,

on the street, on the office, in our social and sport life.

* National and International Football Referees, have a very good reputation,prestige, appreciation.

* You are one of the members of our soccer association/federation.

* Maintaining, Cultivating, Developing and influencing others, through your

prestige, You are helping soccer to be developed very well nationally and,

internationally.

* You are an ambassador of the Soccer Association inside and outside the country.


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1. Dear partner Referee, our lovely

football asked you:Please:

DON'T CHANGING THE RESULT OF

THE GAME BY INTENTION!

* In our sport-educators professional cod of ethics the first

requirement is Dont destroy what the nature was done well!

* As Football Referees, we need to start in any of our activity by

saying:

1. Please, Never-ever destroy the football game"! Thanks!

2. "Don't change the normal result of the game by intention"!

3. "If you are well prepared you can be fair!


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CHAPTER 5

Special Strategies

Supporting the Referees

Perfecting Personality & Better

Refereeing Process.


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Content:

The Referees from the 2nd and 3rd Football Countries Level of Performance

Strategies of Development, for the 21st Century:

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Page 60: Mutation on the 2nd & 3rdReferees Level of Performance

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Page 61: The Pyramid of Referees Development

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Page 62: The Promotion of Referees

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Page 63: Continuing Education Process--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Page 64: Positive & Negative Strategies in the Referees Development

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Page 65: New Strategies of using the Laws of the Game

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Page 66: First Juniors & Youth Referees Course

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Page 67: Referees Vs. Players & Coaches

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Page 68: Referees Weekly Preparation Plan-Program

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Page 69: Referees New Concept of Performance

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


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5.1. -MUTATION ON THE 2ND & 3RD

REFEREES COUNTRIES VALUE

--------------------------------------------------------------------------1. The composition of the referees as potential value is weak:

1.1. Are not selected the best potential candidates

1.2. There is not a national policy, in selecting, recruiting and preparing the future potential

candidate for the referees job.

1.3. There is a need of growing the referees from early age, developing the talent, knowledge and

experience, as the players and coaches.

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

2. The National System is not supporting the referees development:2.1. There is not a national system for recruiting, selection and motivation for the potential

Performance Candidates

2.2. The preparation and promotion it takes time and the referees are on hurry to become over

night star-referee. Losing confidence and interest in performance.

2.3. There is a very much need of Instructors to grow with the generation of Referees, like

coaches with the players and teams.

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

3. Build New National Strategies in finding the best RefereesCandidates according:

3.1. To the Technical Department Interest in developing all technical staff

3.2. To the new Facilities & Programs for the young generations: U-14, 16, 18, 20

3.3. To the National System of Competitions and the Management of Competitions, covering the

needs of all national, regional, local leagues.


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Players-Referees:* Basic Course for the Young Players: U- 12; U-14; U-16; U-18; U-20

Just for fun, for money, for testing their abilities to referee.

Early Playing Retirement:* Injuries, study, family, etc.. and no time for playing

They can be a very competitive candidates for refereeing

Special Experiment:* Starting special preparation programs

like for Playing: Kids, Juniors, Youth Referees

Important for the 2nd and 3rd football Countries Level of Performance

is to Build a National Referees Concept of Performance: Selecting,

Preparing and Promoting Successfully The Football Referees and of course,

FOR THE GOOD OF THE GAME!

5.2. NATIONAL PYRAMID OF REFEREES:


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5.3. - The Promotion and Development of the Refereesas Performance Technical Football Staff.

---------------------------------------------------------------------5.3.1. One of the most difficult aspect of Referees Development Program is that The Entire

generation started 1-3-5-7-10 years want to become World Cup Referees:* Working very hard one year and losing the interest for log time preparation

* Professional, family, business activities keeping out from the training and refereeing matches, from all categories of teams: age, value,

time in the year

* So, the referees are not give equal time, energy, interest, effort as at the beginning activity..

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

5.3.2. Like for the Players and Coaches, the Referees need to accept that football for

performance: is an art, a science, a business:* The referees are not respecting the official professional requirements;

* The time, talent & hard working preparation are the main 3-main factors for refereeing as it is for the Players and now, for the

Coaches and referee - too.

* Another important aspect is the concentration, commitment and dedication to the refereeingas a second/first professional hobby, or

just the main individual activity.

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

5.3.3. The first priority is the LAWS OF DEVELOPMENT, PREPARATION, PERFECTION

& PROMOTION FROM A CATEGORY TO ANOTHER;

For the 2nd & 3rd Class Football Country Level of Performance, the Referees are:1 Coming without background of Football playing and the football games common-sense understanding.

2. Their first and main goal is to get money and become over-night-famous around the city, country, continent and the world.

3. They are not respecting the time and stages of preparation, forcing the time to be promoted in a superior stage/category, with superior

benefits & advantages and with less effort, preparation, sport-estate and fairness!


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5.4. - CONTINUING EDUCATION PROCESSThe main factor of Referees Circle of Activity.

Practically there are three major Categories/Typology of Referees:--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

5.4.1. - Referees with less general and specific education but exceptional practical refereeing ART

AND MANAGEMENT OF THE SHOW. They have the best advantage to be appointed for the best

games and almost every leagueweekly game.

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------5.4.2. - The second category include the majority of the referees: They have a very well

BALLANCED REFEREES QUALITIES AND GAMES REQUIREMENTS: They are the best

referees, with an average maxim of all factors involved (as we show the profile)

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

5.4.3. - The referees with very big weaknesses compensated by special interest and effort, sacrifices.

They are the referees who are considering average and they are covering all the inferior segment of

leagues, championships, school and youth cups

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------5.4.4. According to our study, observation, investigations, we are considering the CONTINUING

EDUCATION PROCESS - CONCEPT, as the actual-future single way of national and international

performances in refereeing (as well as for the Players, Coaches, Managers & Medical Staff and all

the other support football staff)

5.5. - Positive & Negative Strategies in the


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5.5. Positive & Negative Strategies in the

Referees Development and Performances.

5.5.1. Positive:

The Football development as ART, SCIENCE AND BUSINESS is a big interest for all outside football people, which didnt getchance to play, to become a coach or managers

5.5.2. Negative:

Without any talent for sport, without properly education, without a social status and responsibility for the fairness of the results, most

of the referees are coming into the game, just for material profit and interest.

5.5.3. Positive:

The new FIFA, AFC & FA Rules, Regulations and Requirements are helping the FA to establish the new directions for performance,

as we presented: starting the recruiting, preparation and perfecting for a early age (kids, juniors, youth and seniors-referees)

5.5.4. Negative:

Still the Oppositionnegative forces to the fair football performances-progress, are opposing to the new concept, trying to brook the

referees and coaches unity, to make the players-the referees enemy, to influence the football media to support the NON-VALUE -

REFEREES and keep them at the national football level.

5.5.5. Positive:

The Referee is the most important partner of the Football Performance Teamwork.

5.5.6. Negative:

All negative tendency are notpositive accomplishments.

So, we are proposing to the FA to develop the National Technical Center / Department where to incorporate the Referees, as all the

other technical specialists. Creating special Referees Committee, outside the FA, Technical Department, are making the Referees

State-in-State, operating as an Outside Football, a Union of Referees without any cooperation in developing the national

performances!

The ACTUAL-FUTURE WINNING FORMULA IS SIMPLE: TO RESPECT THE FIFA, CONTINENTAL AND FA

OFFICIAL RULES & REGULATIONS.

.

5.6. - NEW STRATEGY OF USING THE LAWS OF THE GAME:


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1998-2002 in view for 2006

=========================================================== 10 TIPS FOR COACHES & PLAYERS TO IMPROVE THE GAME

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21st century mutation on laws of the game and referee' s professional personality

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